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<!-- $Id: ppp.sgml,v 1.11 1997-08-12 09:18:14 asami Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<sect><heading>Setting up Kernel PPP<label id="ppp"></heading>
<p><em>Contributed by &a.gena;.</em>
Before you start setting up PPP on your machine make
sure that pppd is located in /usr/sbin and directory /etc/ppp
exists.
pppd can work in two modes:
<enum>
<item> as a "client" , i.e. you want to connect your machine to outside
world via PPP serial connection or modem line.
<item> as a "server" , i.e. your machine is located on the network and
used to connect other computers using PPP.
</enum>
In both cases you will need to set up an options file (<tt>/etc/ppp/options</tt>
or <tt>~/.ppprc</tt> if you have more then one user on your machine that uses
PPP).
You also will need some modem/serial software ( preferably kermit )
so you can dial and establish connection with remote host.
<sect1><heading>Working as a PPP client</heading>
<p>I used the following <tt>/etc/ppp/options</tt> to connect to CISCO terminal
server PPP line.
<verb>
crtscts # enable hardware flow control
modem # modem control line
noipdefault # remote PPP server must supply your IP address.
# if the remote host doesn't send your IP during IPCP
# negotiation , remove this option
passive # wait for LCP packets
domain ppp.foo.com # put your domain name here
:<remote_ip> # put the IP of remote PPP host here
# it will be used to route packets via PPP link
# if you didn't specified the noipdefault option
# change this line to <local_ip>:<remote_ip>
defaultroute # put this if you want that PPP server will be your
# default router
</verb>
To connect:
<enum>
<item> Dial to the remote host using kermit ( or other modem program )
enter your user name and password ( or whatever is needed to enable PPP
on the remote host )
<item> Exit kermit. ( without hanging up the line )
<item> enter:
<verb>
/usr/src/usr.sbin/pppd.new/pppd /dev/tty01 19200
</verb>
( put the appropriate speed and device name )
</enum>
Now your computer is connected with PPP. If the connection fails for some
reasons you can add the "debug" option to the <tt>/etc/ppp/options</tt> file
and check messages on the console to track the problem
Following <tt>/etc/ppp/pppup</tt> script will make all 3 stages automatically:
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep
pid=`ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
kill ${pid}
fi
ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep
pid=`ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
kill -9 ${pid}
fi
ifconfig ppp0 down
ifconfig ppp0 delete
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.dial
pppd /dev/tty01 19200
</verb>
<tt>/etc/ppp/kermit.dial</tt> is kermit script that dials and makes all
necessary authorization on the remote host.
( Example of such script is attached to the end of this document )
Use the following <tt>/etc/ppp/pppdown</tt> script to disconnect the PPP line:
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
pid=`ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ X${pid} != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
kill -TERM ${pid}
fi
ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep
pid=`ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
kill -9 ${pid}
fi
/sbin/ifconfig ppp0 down
/sbin/ifconfig ppp0 delete
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.hup
/etc/ppp/ppptest
</verb>
Check if PPP is still running (<tt>/usr/etc/ppp/ppptest</tt>):
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
pid=`ps ax| grep pppd |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ X${pid} != "X" ] ; then
echo 'pppd running: PID=' ${pid-NONE}
else
echo 'No pppd running.'
fi
set -x
netstat -n -I ppp0
ifconfig ppp0
</verb>
Hangs up modem line (<tt>/etc/ppp/kermit.hup</tt>):
<verb>
set line /dev/tty01 ; put your modem device here
set speed 19200
set file type binary
set file names literal
set win 8
set rec pack 1024
set send pack 1024
set block 3
set term bytesize 8
set command bytesize 8
set flow none
pau 1
out +++
inp 5 OK
out ATH0\13
echo \13
exit
</verb>
<p>Here is an alternate method using <tt>chat</tt> instead of
<tt>kermit</tt>.
<em>Contributed by &a.rhuff;.</em>
<p>The following two files are sufficient to accomplish a pppd
connection.
<p><tt>/etc/ppp/options</tt>:
<verb>
/dev/cuaa1 115200
crtscts # enable hardware flow control
modem # modem control line
connect "/usr/bin/chat -f /etc/ppp/login.chat.script"
noipdefault # remote PPP server must supply your IP address.
# if the remote host doesn't send your IP during
# IPCP negotiation, remove this option
passive # wait for LCP packets
domain <your.domain> # put your domain name here
: # put the IP of remote PPP host here
# it will be used to route packets via PPP link
# if you didn't specified the noipdefault option
# change this line to <local_ip>:<remote_ip>
defaultroute # put this if you want that PPP server will be
# your default router
</verb>
<p><tt>/etc/ppp/login.chat.script</tt>:
(This should actually go into a single line.)
<verb>
ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' "" AT OK ATDT<phone.number>
CONNECT "" TIMEOUT 10 ogin:-\\r-ogin: <login-id>
TIMEOUT 5 sword: <password>
</verb>
Once these are installed and modified correctly, all you need to
do is
<p><tt>pppd</tt>.
<em> This sample based primarily on information provided by: Trev Roydhouse
<Trev.Roydhouse@f401.n711.z3.fidonet.org> and used by
permission.</em>
<sect1><heading>Working as a PPP server</heading>
<p><tt>/etc/ppp/options</tt>:
<verb>
crtscts # Hardware flow control
netmask 255.255.255.0 # netmask ( not required )
192.114.208.20:192.114.208.165 # ip's of local and remote hosts
# local ip must be different from one
# you assigned to the ethernet ( or other )
# interface on your machine.
# remote IP is ip address that will be
# assigned to the remote machine
domain ppp.foo.com # your domain
passive # wait for LCP
modem # modem line
</verb>
Following <tt>/etc/ppp/pppserv</tt> script will enable ppp server on your
machine
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep
pid=`ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
kill ${pid}
fi
ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep
pid=`ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
kill -9 ${pid}
fi
# reset ppp interface
ifconfig ppp0 down
ifconfig ppp0 delete
# enable autoanswer mode
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.ans
# run ppp
pppd /dev/tty01 19200
</verb>
Use this <tt>/etc/ppp/pppservdown</tt> script to stop ppp server:
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep
pid=`ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
kill ${pid}
fi
ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep
pid=`ps ax |grep kermit |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
kill -9 ${pid}
fi
ifconfig ppp0 down
ifconfig ppp0 delete
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.noans
</verb>
Following kermit script will enable/disable autoanswer mode
on your modem (<tt>/etc/ppp/kermit.ans</tt>):
<verb>
set line /dev/tty01
set speed 19200
set file type binary
set file names literal
set win 8
set rec pack 1024
set send pack 1024
set block 3
set term bytesize 8
set command bytesize 8
set flow none
pau 1
out +++
inp 5 OK
out ATH0\13
inp 5 OK
echo \13
out ATS0=1\13 ; change this to out ATS0=0\13 if you want to disable
; autoanswer mod
inp 5 OK
echo \13
exit
</verb>
This <tt>/etc/ppp/kermit.dial</tt> script is used for dialing and authorizing
on remote host. You will need to customize it for your needs.
Put your login and password in this script , also you will need
to change input statement depending on responses from your modem
and remote host.
<verb>
;
; put the com line attached to the modem here:
;
set line /dev/tty01
;
; put the modem speed here:
;
set speed 19200
set file type binary ; full 8 bit file xfer
set file names literal
set win 8
set rec pack 1024
set send pack 1024
set block 3
set term bytesize 8
set command bytesize 8
set flow none
set modem hayes
set dial hangup off
set carrier auto ; Then SET CARRIER if necessary,
set dial display on ; Then SET DIAL if necessary,
set input echo on
set input timeout proceed
set input case ignore
def \%x 0 ; login prompt counter
goto slhup
:slcmd ; put the modem in command mode
echo Put the modem in command mode.
clear ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
pause 1
output +++ ; hayes escape sequence
input 1 OK\13\10 ; wait for OK
if success goto slhup
output \13
pause 1
output at\13
input 1 OK\13\10
if fail goto slcmd ; if modem doesn't answer OK, try again
:slhup ; hang up the phone
clear ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
pause 1
echo Hanging up the phone.
output ath0\13 ; hayes command for on hook
input 2 OK\13\10
if fail goto slcmd ; if no OK answer, put modem in command mode
:sldial ; dial the number
pause 1
echo Dialing.
output atdt9,550311\13\10 ; put phone number here
assign \%x 0 ; zero the time counter
:look
clear ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
increment \%x ; Count the seconds
input 1 {CONNECT }
if success goto sllogin
reinput 1 {NO CARRIER\13\10}
if success goto sldial
reinput 1 {NO DIALTONE\13\10}
if success goto slnodial
reinput 1 {\255}
if success goto slhup
reinput 1 {\127}
if success goto slhup
if < \%x 60 goto look
else goto slhup
:sllogin ; login
assign \%x 0 ; zero the time counter
pause 1
echo Looking for login prompt.
:slloop
increment \%x ; Count the seconds
clear ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
output \13
;
; put your expected login prompt here:
;
input 1 {Username: }
if success goto sluid
reinput 1 {\255}
if success goto slhup
reinput 1 {\127}
if success goto slhup
if < \%x 10 goto slloop ; try 10 times to get a login prompt
else goto slhup ; hang up and start again if 10 failures
:sluid
;
; put your userid here:
;
output ppp-login\13
input 1 {Password: }
;
; put your password here:
;
output ppp-password\13
input 1 {Entering SLIP mode.}
echo
quit
:slnodial
echo \7No dialtone. Check the telephone line!\7
exit 1
; local variables:
; mode: csh
; comment-start: "; "
; comment-start-skip: "; "
; end:
</verb>
<!--
###################################################################
Gennady B. Sorokopud ( gena@NetVision.net.il ) 24/10/94 12:00
-->
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