Pointed Q 8.3 at diskformat tutorial.

Added question regarding how to reset lost root password.
Added question regarding how to disable Ctrl-Alt-Del.

Submitted by: Spike Gronim <spork@cncn.com>
Submitted by: Ruslan Ermilov <ru@ucb.crimea.ua>
Submitted by: Doug White <dwhite@gdi.uoregon.edu>

1 files changed, 29 insertions, 194 deletions

diff --git a/FAQ/admin.sgml b/FAQ/admin.sgml
index 074bd9fd6f..0374b9acd7 100644
--- a/FAQ/admin.sgml
+++ b/FAQ/admin.sgml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<!-- $Id: admin.sgml,v 1.3 1998-03-27 06:10:19 hanai Exp $ -->
+<!-- $Id: admin.sgml,v 1.4 1998-05-19 01:42:13 jkh Exp $ -->
 <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
 
   <sect>
@@ -79,192 +79,9 @@
     <sect1>
       <heading>How can I add my new hard disk to my FreeBSD system?</heading>
 
-      <p>The easiest way to do this is from the installation program. You
-      can start the installation program by running
-      <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> as root.
-
-      <p>Alternatively, if you still have the install floppy, you can just
-      reboot from that and use the partition & label editors while
-      the system is totally quiescent.
-
-      <p><label id="2_1-disklabel-fix">If the above does not work for you,
-      or if you're a total masochist who likes arcane interfaces, this is how
-      to use <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?disklabel"
-      name="disklabel"> manually:
-
-      <p><em>WARNING: There is no substitute for reading carefully
-      &amp; understanding what you are doing! Things described here may
-      DESTROY your system. Proceed with caution! Remember, a BACKUP is your
-      friend!</em>
-
-      <p><tt /sysinstall/ used to be broken up to 2.1.5-RELEASE and will
-      insist on mounting something at / in the disklabel editor. You will
-      have to manually run
-      <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?disklabel"
-      name="disklabel"> before you can run
-      <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?newfs" name="newfs">/.
-      This means doing the math for partitions yourself. This is rumored to
-      be easy :-) See if you can obtain a skeletal label with
-      ''<tt>disklabel -r &lt;diskname&gt;</tt>'' <em>(e.g.
-      </em>''<tt>disklabel -r /dev/rwd0s2</tt>''<em>, assuming that your new
-      disk is wd0, the first IDE drive, and the FreeBSD slice is the second
-      one, s2)</em>. You should see something like:-
-
-      <verb>
-        # /dev/rwd0s2:
-        type: ESDI
-        disk: wd0s2
-        label:
-        flags:
-        bytes/sector: 512
-        sectors/track: 63
-        tracks/cylinder: 64
-        sectors/cylinder: 4032
-        cylinders: 610
-        sectors/unit: 2459520
-        rpm: 3600
-        interleave: 1
-        trackskew: 0
-        cylinderskew: 0
-        headswitch: 0           # milliseconds
-        track-to-track seek: 0  # milliseconds
-        drivedata: 0
-
-        8 partitions:
-        #        size   offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]
-          c:  2459520        0    unused        0     0         # (Cyl. 0 - 609)
-          e:  2459520        0    4.2BSD        0     0     0   # (Cyl. 0 - 609)
-      </verb>
-
-      <p>Make sure that the size is correct, in this case, 2459520
-      sectors/unit x 512 bytes/sector / 2**20 (1 Megabyte) = 1200
-      Megabytes. The rest of the stuff (b/s, t/c, s/c, interleave, etc.)
-      should get suitable defaults from <htmlurl 
-      url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?disklabel"
-      name="disklabel">, but see <ref id="ESDI" name="this note"> for older
-      disks. 'fsize' is the <ref id="fsize" name="Fragment size"> for the
-      filesystem, and 'bsize' is the <ref id="bsize" name="Block size">. 'c'
-      is the partition covering the entire slice (or entire disk for a
-      non-sliced disk), and must remain as it is. <em>It should not be
-      used for a filesystem</em>. The 'c' partition is magic in that it
-      is faked by the kernel even if no disklabel exists.
-
-      <p>In the trivial case, where you want a single filesystem spanning
-      the whole slice, the entry for 'e' has to be corrected. Setting fsize
-      to 1024 and bsize to 8192 (8 fragments/block), which are reasonable
-      values for a filesystem, the correct entry for 'e' would be:-
-
-      <verb>
-        e:  2459520        0    4.2BSD     1024  8192
-      </verb>
-
-      <p>Now, the (slightly) harder case, where we want 2 partitions for 2
-      filesystems. Following the <ref id="fsname" name="BSD naming
-      conventions">, the partitions will be <tt /wd0s2e/ &amp;
-      <tt /wd0s2f/. Suppose we split up the 1200 MB into 300 MB for
-      'e' and the remaining 900 MB for 'f'. The partition entries would
-      be:-
-
-      <verb>
-        8 partitions:
-        #        size   offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]
-        c:  2459520        0    unused        0     0         # (Cyl. 0 - 609)
-        e:   614400        0    4.2BSD     1024  8192
-        f:  1843200   614400    4.2BSD     1024  8192
-      </verb>
-
-      <p><bf /Note:/ You can directly edit the disklabel with
-      ''<tt>disklabel -e wd0s2</tt>''. See
-      <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?disklabel"
-      name="disklabel">.
-
-      <p>If you have at least FreeBSD 2.1.5, and you want to dedicate
-      an entire disk to FreeBSD without any care for other
-      systems, you might shorten the steps above to something like:
-
-      <verb>
-        # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rwd0 count=100
-        # disklabel -Brw wd0 auto
-        # disklabel -e wd0
-      </verb>
-
-      <p>The first <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?dd"
-      name="dd"> command ensures there is no old junk at
-      the beginning of the disk that might confuse the disk code
-      in the kernel.  Following is an automatic skeleton label
-      generation using the defaults that have been probed from the
-      disk at boot time.  Editing this label continues as described
-      above.
-
-      <p>You're done! Time to initialize the filesystems with something
-      like:-
-
-      <verb>
-        newfs -d0 /dev/rwd0s2e
-        newfs -d0 /dev/rwd0s2f
-      </verb>
-
-      <p>Depending on the disk name and slice number, it might be
-      required that you run the script <htmlurl 
-      url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?MAKEDEV" name="/dev/MAKEDEV">
-      before in order to create the desired device nodes.
-
-      <p>And mount your new filesystems (See
-      <htmlurl url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?mount" name="mount">):-
-
-      <verb>
-        mount /dev/wd0s2e /mnt/foo
-        mount /dev/wd0s2f /mnt/bar
-      </verb>
-
-      <p>You may wish to edit <htmlurl 
-      url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?fstab(5)" name="/etc/fstab"> to
-      automatically mount the filesystems at boot time.
-
-      <p><bf /Glossary:/
-
-      <descrip>
-        <tag><label id="fsize"><bf>Fragment Size (fsize)</bf></tag>
-        The basic unit of storage for <tt /ffs/. See
-        M. McKusick, W. Joy, S. Leffler, and R. Fabry,
-        "A Fast File System for  UNIX",
-        ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 2, 3, pp 181-197, August
-        1984, (reprinted in the BSD System Manager's Manual, SMM:5) or
-        <url url="file:/usr/share/doc/smm/05.fastfs/paper.ascii.gz"
-        name="/usr/share/doc/smm/05.fastfs/paper.ascii.gz"> on your system.
-
-        <tag><label id="bsize"><bf>Block Size (bsize)</bf></tag>
-        A block comprises one or more fragments. See the
-        reference above and
-        <url url="file:/usr/include/sys/disklabel.h"
-        name="&lt;sys/disklabel.h&gt;">
-
-        <tag><label id="ESDI">
-        <bf>Disklabel Characteristics for Older Disks (ESDI)</bf></tag>
-        You may need to provide more information to <htmlurl 
-        url="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?disklabel"
-        name="disklabel"> if you happen to own a ``true disk'', i.e. one with a
-        uniform geometry, real heads, sectors, and cylinders,
-        such as an old ESDI drive. All of this should be easily
-        obtainable from the drive case, owner's manual, fellow
-        sufferers, etc. :-)
-
-        <tag><label id="fsname">
-        <bf>BSD Filesystem Naming Conventions</bf></tag>
-        Partition 'a' is by convention reserved for a bootable
-        partition, and partition 'b' for swap space. Regular
-        partition names should start with 'd'. ('d' used to be
-        magic in 386BSD 0.1 through FreeBSD 2.0, thus partition
-        'e' is often used for the first non-bootable partition
-        containing a filesystem.)
-
-        <tag><label id="swap">
-        <bf>Warning about swap space</bf></tag>
-        The space required by the BSD partition table is allowed
-        for in the file system. It's not allowed for by the swap
-        partition. So don't start swap at cylinder 0, either offset
-        it or put a file system in partition 'a'.
-      </descrip>
+      <p>See the Disk Formatting Tutorial at 
+      <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/tutorials/diskformat" 
+       name="www.freebsd.org">.
 
     <sect1>
       <heading>I have a new removable drive, how do I use it?</heading>
@@ -316,8 +133,7 @@
         disklabel -Brw sd2 auto
       </verb>
 
-      <p>You can use disklabel (more info in <ref id="2_1-disklabel-fix"
-      name="this note">) or <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> to create multiple
+      <p>You can use disklabel or <tt>/stand/sysinstall</tt> to create multiple
       BSD partitions. You'll certainly want to do this if you're adding
       swap space on a fixed disk, but it's probably irrelevant on a
       removable drive like a ZIP.
@@ -528,8 +344,7 @@
       <heading>How can I add more swap space?</heading>
 
       <p>The best way is to increase the size of your swap partition, or
-      take advantage of this convenient excuse to add another disk (and
-      see <ref id="swap" name="this note"> if you do).
+      take advantage of this convenient excuse to add another disk.
 
       <p>Adding swap onto a separate disk makes things faster than
       simply adding swap onto the same disk.  As an example, if you
@@ -927,15 +742,14 @@
         MAILER(smtp)dnl
         Cwlocalhost
         Cwbsd.home
-        CwmyISP.com
         MASQUERADE_AS(`myISP.com')dnl
         FEATURE(allmasquerade)dnl
         FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl
         FEATURE(nocanonify)dnl
         FEATURE(nodns)dnl
         define(SMART_HOST, `relay.myISP.com')
-        DmmyISP.com
-        define(`confDOMAIN_NAME',`myISP.com')dnl
+        Dmbsd.home
+        define(`confDOMAIN_NAME',`bsd.home')dnl
         define(`confDELIVERY_MODE',`deferred')dnl
       </verb>
 
@@ -943,5 +757,26 @@
       <tt/.mc/ file into a <tt/sendmail.cf/ file.  Also, don't forget to
       restart sendmail after updating sendmail.cf.
 
+   <sect1>
+    <heading>Eek! I forgot the root password!</heading>
+
+    <p>Don't Panic!  Simply restart the system, type -s at the Boot: prompt
+    to enter Single User mode.  At the question about the shell to use,
+    hit ENTER.  You'll be dropped to a # prompt.  Enter <tt>mount -u /</tt> to
+    remount your root filesystem read/write, then run <tt/passwd root/ to 
+    change the root password.  Run <tt/mount -a/ then <tt/exit/
+    to continue booting.  
+
+  <sect1>
+   <heading>How do I keep Control-Alt-Delete from rebooting the system?
+   </heading>
+
+    <p>Edit the keymap you are using for the console and replace the 
+    <tt/rbt/ keywords with <tt/nop/.  The default keymap is 
+    <tt>/usr/share/syscons/keymaps/us.iso.kbd</tt>.  You may have to instruct
+    <tt>/etc/rc.conf</tt> to load this keymap explicitly for the change to
+    take effect.  Of course if you are using an alternate keymap for your
+    country, you should edit that one instead.
+
   </sect>