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Diffstat (limited to 'en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml | 95 |
1 files changed, 42 insertions, 53 deletions
diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml index eb6f1530d5..688f8bdad7 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/article.xml @@ -1,24 +1,17 @@ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> -<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V4.5-Based Extension//EN" - "../../../share/xml/freebsd45.dtd"> - +<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN" + "../../../share/xml/freebsd50.dtd"> <!-- $FreeBSD$ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> +<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" xml:lang="en"> + <info><title>Explaining BSD</title> + -<article lang='en'> - <articleinfo> - <title>Explaining BSD</title> - - <author> - <firstname>Greg</firstname> - <surname>Lehey</surname> - - <affiliation> + <author><personname><firstname>Greg</firstname><surname>Lehey</surname></personname><affiliation> <address><email>grog@FreeBSD.org</email></address> - </affiliation> - </author> + </affiliation></author> - <legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks"> + <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks"> &tm-attrib.freebsd; &tm-attrib.amd; &tm-attrib.apple; @@ -39,14 +32,11 @@ <para>In the open source world, the word <quote>Linux</quote> is almost synonymous with <quote>Operating System</quote>, but it is not the only open source &unix; operating system. According - to the <ulink - url="http://www.leb.net/hzo/ioscount/data/r.9904.txt">Internet - Operating System Counter</ulink>, as of April 1999 31.3% of the + to the <link xlink:href="http://www.leb.net/hzo/ioscount/data/r.9904.txt">Internet + Operating System Counter</link>, as of April 1999 31.3% of the world's network connected machines run Linux. 14.6% run BSD &unix;. - Some of the world's largest web operations, such as <ulink - url="http://www.yahoo.com/">Yahoo!</ulink>, run BSD. The world's - busiest FTP server of 1999 (now defunct), <ulink - url="ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/">ftp.cdrom.com</ulink>, used BSD to + Some of the world's largest web operations, such as <link xlink:href="http://www.yahoo.com/">Yahoo!</link>, run BSD. The world's + busiest FTP server of 1999 (now defunct), <link xlink:href="ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/">ftp.cdrom.com</link>, used BSD to transfer 1.4 TB of data a day. Clearly this is not a niche market: BSD is a well-kept secret.</para> @@ -56,9 +46,9 @@ <para>Throughout this paper, differences between BSD and Linux will be noted <emphasis>like this</emphasis>.</para> </abstract> - </articleinfo> + </info> - <sect1 id="what-is-bsd"> + <sect1 xml:id="what-is-bsd"> <title>What is BSD?</title> <para>BSD stands for <quote>Berkeley Software Distribution</quote>. It is @@ -100,7 +90,7 @@ <para>The X Window system used in most versions of BSD is maintained by the - <ulink url="http://www.X.org/">X.Org project</ulink>. + <link xlink:href="http://www.X.org/">X.Org project</link>. &os; allows the user to choose from a variety of desktop environments, such as <application>Gnome</application>, <application>KDE</application>, or <application>Xfce</application>; @@ -116,7 +106,7 @@ </itemizedlist> </sect1> - <sect1 id="what-a-real-unix"> + <sect1 xml:id="what-a-real-unix"> <title>What, a real &unix;?</title> <para>The BSD operating systems are not clones, but open source @@ -165,29 +155,29 @@ CSRG members, William F. Jolitz, wrote the remaining code and released it in early 1992 as <emphasis>386BSD</emphasis>. At the same time, another group of ex-CSRG members formed a commercial company called - <ulink url="http://www.bsdi.com/">Berkeley Software Design Inc.</ulink> + <link xlink:href="http://www.bsdi.com/">Berkeley Software Design Inc.</link> and released a beta version of an operating system called - <ulink url="http://www.bsdi.com/">BSD/386</ulink>, which was based on + <link xlink:href="http://www.bsdi.com/">BSD/386</link>, which was based on the same sources. The name of the operating system was later changed to BSD/OS.</para> <para>386BSD never became a stable operating system. Instead, two other projects split off from it in 1993: - <ulink url="http://www.NetBSD.org/">NetBSD</ulink> and - <ulink url="&url.base;/index.html">FreeBSD</ulink>. The two projects + <link xlink:href="http://www.NetBSD.org/">NetBSD</link> and + <link xlink:href="&url.base;/index.html">FreeBSD</link>. The two projects originally diverged due to differences in patience waiting for improvements to 386BSD: the NetBSD people started early in the year, and the first version of FreeBSD was not ready until the end of the year. In the meantime, the code base had diverged sufficiently to make it difficult to merge. In addition, the projects had different aims, as we will see below. In 1996, - <ulink url="http://www.OpenBSD.org/">OpenBSD</ulink> split off from + <link xlink:href="http://www.OpenBSD.org/">OpenBSD</link> split off from NetBSD, and in 2003, - <ulink url="http://www.dragonflybsd.org/">DragonFlyBSD</ulink> split + <link xlink:href="http://www.dragonflybsd.org/">DragonFlyBSD</link> split off from FreeBSD.</para> </sect1> - <sect1 id="why-is-bsd-not-better-known"> + <sect1 xml:id="why-is-bsd-not-better-known"> <title>Why is BSD not better known?</title> <para>For a number of reasons, BSD is relatively unknown:</para> @@ -213,7 +203,7 @@ <listitem> <para>In 1992, AT&T sued - <ulink url="http://www.bsdi.com/">BSDI</ulink>, + <link xlink:href="http://www.bsdi.com/">BSDI</link>, the vendor of BSD/386, alleging that the product contained AT&T-copyrighted code. The case was settled out of court in 1994, but the spectre of the litigation continues to haunt people. @@ -232,15 +222,15 @@ <listitem> <para>There is a perception that the BSD projects are fragmented and belligerent. The - <ulink url="http://interactive.wsj.com/bin/login?Tag=/&URI=/archive/retrieve.cgi%253Fid%253DSB952470579348918651.djm&">Wall Street - Journal</ulink> spoke of <quote>balkanization</quote> of the + <link xlink:href="http://interactive.wsj.com/bin/login?Tag=/&URI=/archive/retrieve.cgi%253Fid%253DSB952470579348918651.djm&">Wall Street + Journal</link> spoke of <quote>balkanization</quote> of the BSD projects. Like the law suit, this perception bases mainly on ancient history.</para> </listitem> </orderedlist> </sect1> - <sect1 id="comparing-bsd-and-linux"> + <sect1 xml:id="comparing-bsd-and-linux"> <title>Comparing BSD and Linux</title> <para>So what is really the difference between, say, Debian Linux and @@ -269,8 +259,8 @@ <para>The BSD kernels are developed and updated following the Open Source development model. Each project maintains a publicly accessible <emphasis>source tree</emphasis> under the - <ulink url="http://www.cvshome.org/">Concurrent Versions - System</ulink> (CVS), which contains all source files for the + <link xlink:href="http://www.cvshome.org/">Concurrent Versions + System</link> (CVS), which contains all source files for the project, including documentation and other incidental files. CVS allows users to <quote>check out</quote> (in other words, to extract a copy of) any desired version of the system.</para> @@ -474,12 +464,11 @@ </listitem> <listitem> - <para><ulink url="http://www.apple.com/macosx/server/">&macos; - X</ulink> is the latest version of the operating system for - <ulink url="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Computer Inc.'s</ulink> + <para><link xlink:href="http://www.apple.com/macosx/server/">&macos; + X</link> is the latest version of the operating system for + <link xlink:href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Computer Inc.'s</link> &macintosh; line. The BSD core of this operating - system, <ulink - url="http://developer.apple.com/darwin/">Darwin</ulink>, + system, <link xlink:href="http://developer.apple.com/darwin/">Darwin</link>, is available as a fully functional open source operating system for x86 and PPC computers. The Aqua/Quartz graphics system and many other proprietary aspects of @@ -495,13 +484,13 @@ license?</title> <para>Linux is available under the - <ulink url="http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU General Public - License</ulink> (GPL), which is designed to eliminate closed + <link xlink:href="http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU General Public + License</link> (GPL), which is designed to eliminate closed source software. In particular, any derivative work of a product released under the GPL must also be supplied with source code if requested. By contrast, the - <ulink url="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.html">BSD - license</ulink> is less restrictive: binary-only distributions are + <link xlink:href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.html">BSD + license</link> is less restrictive: binary-only distributions are allowed. This is particularly attractive for embedded applications.</para> </sect2> @@ -578,15 +567,15 @@ <sect2> <title>Who provides support, service, and training for BSD?</title> - <para>BSDi / <ulink url="http://www.freebsdmall.com">FreeBSD - Mall, Inc.</ulink> have been providing support contracts for + <para>BSDi / <link xlink:href="http://www.freebsdmall.com">FreeBSD + Mall, Inc.</link> have been providing support contracts for FreeBSD for nearly a decade.</para> <para>In addition, each of the projects has a list of consultants for hire: - <ulink url="&url.base;/commercial/consult_bycat.html">FreeBSD</ulink>, - <ulink url="http://www.netbsd.org/gallery/consultants.html">NetBSD</ulink>, - and <ulink url="http://www.openbsd.org/support.html">OpenBSD</ulink>.</para> + <link xlink:href="&url.base;/commercial/consult_bycat.html">FreeBSD</link>, + <link xlink:href="http://www.netbsd.org/gallery/consultants.html">NetBSD</link>, + and <link xlink:href="http://www.openbsd.org/support.html">OpenBSD</link>.</para> </sect2> </sect1> </article> |