diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml | 307 |
1 files changed, 147 insertions, 160 deletions
diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml index 78582ed213..5c706c8e9f 100644 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/multimedia/chapter.xml @@ -5,19 +5,19 @@ $FreeBSD$ --> <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" xml:id="multimedia"> - <!-- - <chapterinfo> + + <info> + <title>Multimedia</title> <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Ross</firstname> <surname>Lippert</surname> + </personname> <contrib>Edited by </contrib> </author> </authorgroup> - </chapterinfo> - --> - - <title>Multimedia</title> + </info> <sect1 xml:id="multimedia-synopsis"> <title>Synopsis</title> @@ -92,26 +92,28 @@ </sect1> <sect1 xml:id="sound-setup"> - <!-- - <sect1info> + <info> + <title>Setting Up the Sound Card</title> + <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Moses</firstname> <surname>Moore</surname> - <contrib>Contributed by in November 2000</contrib> + </personname> + <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> <!-- in November 2000--> </author> </authorgroup> <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Marc</firstname> <surname>Fonvieille</surname> - <contrib>Enhanced by in September 2004</contrib> + </personname> + <contrib>Enhanced by </contrib> <!--in September 2004--> </author> </authorgroup> - </sect1info> - --> - - <title>Setting Up the Sound Card</title> + </info> <indexterm><primary>PCI</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>sound cards</primary></indexterm> @@ -385,18 +387,19 @@ pcm7: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digital> at cad 2 nid 1 on hdac1 </sect2> <sect2 xml:id="sound-multiple-sources"> - <!-- - <sect2info> + <info> + <title>Utilizing Multiple Sound Sources</title> + <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Munish</firstname> <surname>Chopra</surname> + </personname> <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> </author> </authorgroup> - </sect2info> - --> - <title>Utilizing Multiple Sound Sources</title> + </info> <para>It is often desirable to have multiple sources of sound that are able to play simultaneously. &os; uses <quote>Virtual @@ -435,19 +438,20 @@ pcm7: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digital> at cad 2 nid 1 on hdac1 </sect2> <sect2> - <!-- - <sect2info> + <info> + <title>Setting Default Values for Mixer Channels</title> + <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Josef</firstname> <surname>El-Rayes</surname> + </personname> <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> </author> </authorgroup> - </sect2info> - --> + </info> - <title>Setting Default Values for Mixer Channels</title> <para>The default values for the different mixer channels are hardcoded in the source code of the &man.pcm.4; driver. While @@ -467,19 +471,19 @@ pcm7: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digital> at cad 2 nid 1 on hdac1 </sect1> <sect1 xml:id="sound-mp3"> - <!-- - <sect1info> + <info> + <title>MP3 Audio</title> + <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Chern</firstname> <surname>Lee</surname> - <contrib>Contributed by in Sept 2001</contrib> + </personname> + <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> <!--in Sept 2001--> </author> </authorgroup> - </sect1info> - --> - - <title>MP3 Audio</title> + </info> <para>This section describes some <acronym>MP3</acronym> players available for &os;, how to rip audio CD tracks, and @@ -554,13 +558,13 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo</screen> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cdda2wav -D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable> -B</userinput></screen> <para>The <option>-D <replaceable>0,1,0</replaceable></option> - indicates the SCSI device <filename>0,1,0</filename>, + indicates the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> device <filename>0,1,0</filename>, which corresponds to the output of <command>cdrecord -scanbus</command>.</para> <para><application>cdda2wav</application> will support ATAPI (IDE) CDROM drives. To rip from an IDE drive, specify the - device name in place of the SCSI unit numbers. For example, + device name in place of the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> unit numbers. For example, to rip track 7 from an IDE drive:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cdda2wav -D <replaceable>/dev/acd0</replaceable> -t 7</userinput></screen> @@ -711,19 +715,20 @@ MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo</screen> </sect1> <sect1 xml:id="video-playback"> - <!-- - <sect1info> + <info> + <title>Video Playback</title> + <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Ross</firstname> <surname>Lippert</surname> - <contrib>Contributed by in June 2002</contrib> + </personname> + <contrib>Contributed by </contrib> <!--in June 2002--> </author> </authorgroup> - </sect1info> - --> + </info> - <title>Video Playback</title> <para>Before configuring video playback, determine the model and chipset of the video card. While @@ -1158,26 +1163,28 @@ zoom=yes</programlisting> </sect1> <sect1 xml:id="tvcard"> - <!-- - <sect1info> + <info> + <title>TV Cards</title> + <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Josef</firstname> <surname>El-Rayes</surname> + </personname> <contrib>Original contribution by </contrib> </author> </authorgroup> <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Marc</firstname> <surname>Fonvieille</surname> - <contrib>Enhanced and adapted by in January 2004</contrib> + </personname> + <contrib>Enhanced and adapted by </contrib> <!-- in January 2004--> </author> </authorgroup> - </sect1info> - --> - - <title>TV Cards</title> + </info> <indexterm> <primary>TV cards</primary> @@ -1359,49 +1366,51 @@ bktr0: Pinnacle/Miro TV, Philips SECAM tuner.</programlisting> </sect1> <sect1 xml:id="scanners"> - <!-- - <sect1info> + <info> + <title>Image Scanners</title> + <authorgroup> <author> + <personname> <firstname>Marc</firstname> <surname>Fonvieille</surname> - <contrib>Written by in August 2004</contrib> + </personname> + <contrib>Written by </contrib> <!-- in August 2004--> </author> </authorgroup> - </sect1info> - --> - - <title>Image Scanners</title> + </info> <indexterm> <primary>image scanners</primary> </indexterm> - <para>In &os;, access to image scanners is provided by the - <application>SANE</application> (Scanner Access Now Easy) - <acronym role="Application Programming Interface">API</acronym> available through the &os; Ports - Collection. <application>SANE</application> will also use + <para>In &os;, access to image scanners is provided by + <application>SANE</application> (Scanner Access Now Easy), which + is available in the &os; Ports Collection. + <application>SANE</application> will also use some &os; device drivers to provide access to the scanner hardware.</para> - <para>&os; supports both SCSI and USB scanners. Be sure the + <para>&os; supports both <acronym>SCSI</acronym> and + <acronym>USB</acronym> scanners. Depending + upon the scanner interface, different device drivers are + required. Be sure the scanner is supported by <application>SANE</application> prior - to performing any configuration. Refer to the <link xlink:href="http://www.sane-project.org/sane-supported-devices.html"> - supported devices list</link> for more information about + to performing any configuration. Refer to <link xlink:href="http://www.sane-project.org/sane-supported-devices.html"> + http://www.sane-project.org/sane-supported-devices.html</link> + for more information about supported scanners.</para> - <sect2> - <title>Kernel Configuration</title> - - <para>Both SCSI and USB interfaces are supported. Depending - upon the scanner interface, different device drivers are - required.</para> + <para>This chapter describes how to determine if the scanner has + been detected by &os;. It then provides an overview of how to + configure and use <application>SANE</application> on a &os; + system.</para> - <sect3 xml:id="scanners-kernel-usb"> - <title>USB Interface</title> + <sect2 xml:id="scanners-kernel-usb"> + <title>Checking the Scanner</title> - <para>The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel by default - includes the device drivers needed to support USB scanners. + <para>The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel + includes the device drivers needed to support <acronym>USB</acronym> scanners. Users with a custom kernel should ensure that the following lines are present in the custom kernel configuration file:</para> @@ -1411,31 +1420,27 @@ device uhci device ohci device ehci</programlisting> - <para>Plug in the USB scanner. Use &man.dmesg.8; to determine + <para>To determine if the <acronym>USB</acronym> scanner is + detected, plug it in and use <command>dmesg</command> to determine whether the scanner appears in the system message - buffer:</para> + buffer. If it does, it should display a message similar to + this:</para> <screen>ugen0.2: <EPSON> at usbus0</screen> - <para>These messages indicate that the scanner is using - either <filename>/dev/ugen0.2</filename> or - <filename>/dev/uscanner0</filename>, depending on the &os; - version. For this example, a - &epson.perfection; 1650 USB scanner was used.</para> - </sect3> - - <sect3> - <title>SCSI Interface</title> + <para>In this example, an &epson.perfection; 1650 + <acronym>USB</acronym> scanner was detected on + <filename>/dev/ugen0.2</filename>.</para> - <para>If the scanner uses a SCSI interface, it is important to - know which SCSI controller board it will use. Depending - upon the SCSI chipset, a custom kernel configuration file + <para>If the scanner uses a <acronym>SCSI</acronym> interface, it is important to + know which <acronym>SCSI</acronym> controller board it will use. Depending + upon the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> chipset, a custom kernel configuration file may be needed. The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel - supports the most common SCSI controllers. Refer to + supports the most common <acronym>SCSI</acronym> controllers. Refer to <filename>/usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES</filename> to determine the correct line to add to a custom kernel configuration - file. In addition to the SCSI adapter driver, the following - lines are needed in the kernel configuration file:</para> + file. In addition to the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> adapter driver, the following + lines are needed in a custom kernel configuration file:</para> <programlisting>device scbus device pass</programlisting> @@ -1448,9 +1453,9 @@ pass2: <AGFA SNAPSCAN 600 1.10> Fixed Scanner SCSI-2 device pass2: 3.300MB/s transfers</screen> <para>If the scanner was not powered-on at system boot, it - is still possible to manually force the detection by - performing a SCSI bus scan with the &man.camcontrol.8; - command:</para> + is still possible to manually force detection by + performing a <acronym>SCSI</acronym> bus scan with + <command>camcontrol</command>:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>camcontrol rescan all</userinput> Re-scan of bus 0 was successful @@ -1458,7 +1463,7 @@ Re-scan of bus 1 was successful Re-scan of bus 2 was successful Re-scan of bus 3 was successful</screen> - <para>The scanner should now appear in the SCSI devices + <para>The scanner should now appear in the <acronym>SCSI</acronym> devices list:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>camcontrol devlist</userinput> @@ -1468,22 +1473,24 @@ Re-scan of bus 3 was successful</screen> <PHILIPS CDD3610 CD-R/RW 1.00> at scbus2 target 0 lun 0 (pass2,cd0)</screen> <para>Refer to &man.scsi.4; and &man.camcontrol.8; for more - details about SCSI devices on &os;.</para> - </sect3> + details about <acronym>SCSI</acronym> devices on &os;.</para> </sect2> <sect2> - <title>SANE Configuration</title> + <title><application>SANE</application> Configuration</title> <para>The <application>SANE</application> system is split in two parts: the backends (<package>graphics/sane-backends</package>) and the - frontends (<package>graphics/sane-frontends</package>). The - backends provide access to the scanner. The - <application>SANE</application>'s <link xlink:href="http://www.sane-project.org/sane-supported-devices.html">supported - devices</link> list specifies which backend will support the - image scanner. The correct backend is needed in order to use - the scanner. The frontends provide the graphical scanning - interface, <application>xscanimage</application>.</para> + frontends (<package>graphics/sane-frontends</package> or + <package>graphics/xsane</package>). The + backends provide access to the scanner. Refer to + <link xlink:href="http://www.sane-project.org/sane-supported-devices.html">http://www.sane-project.org/sane-supported-devices.html</link> + to determine which backend supports the + scanner. The frontends provide the graphical scanning + interface. <package>graphics/sane-frontends</package> + installs <application>xscanimage</application> while + <package>graphics/xsane</package> installs + <application>xsane</application>.</para> <para>After installing the <package>graphics/sane-backends</package> port or package, use <command>sane-find-scanner</command> to check the @@ -1498,44 +1505,33 @@ found SCSI scanner "AGFA SNAPSCAN 600 1.10" at /dev/pass3</screen> The vendor and the product model may or may not appear.</para> <note> - <para>Some USB scanners require firmware to be loaded. Refer - to &man.sane-find-scanner.1; and &man.sane.7; for + <para>Some <acronym>USB</acronym> scanners require firmware to be loaded. Refer + to sane-find-scanner(1) and sane(7) for details.</para> </note> <para>Next, check if the scanner will be identified by a - scanning frontend. By default, the - <application>SANE</application> backends come with a command - line tool called &man.scanimage.1;. This command can be used + scanning frontend. The + <application>SANE</application> backends include + <command>scanimage</command> which can be used to list the devices and perform an image acquisition. Use - <option>-L</option> to list the scanner devices:</para> - - <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>scanimage -L</userinput> -device `snapscan:/dev/pass3' is a AGFA SNAPSCAN 600 flatbed scanner</screen> - - <para>Here is the output for the USB scanner used in <xref linkend="scanners-kernel-usb"/>:</para> + <option>-L</option> to list the scanner devices. The first + example is for a <acronym>SCSI</acronym> scanner and the + second is for a <acronym>USB</acronym> scanner:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>scanimage -L</userinput> +device `snapscan:/dev/pass3' is a AGFA SNAPSCAN 600 flatbed scanner +&prompt.root; <userinput>scanimage -L</userinput> device 'epson2:libusb:/dev/usb:/dev/ugen0.2' is a Epson GT-8200 flatbed scanner</screen> - <para>In this output, + <para>In this second example, <literal>'epson2:libusb:/dev/usb:/dev/ugen0.2'</literal> is - the backend name (<literal>epson2</literal>) and the device - node (<literal>/dev/ugen0.2</literal>) used by the + the backend name (<literal>epson2</literal>) and + <literal>/dev/ugen0.2</literal> is the device node used by the scanner.</para> - <note> - <para>No output or a message saying that no scanners were - identified indicates that &man.scanimage.1; is unable to - identify the scanner. If this happens, edit the backend - configuration file in <filename>/usr/local/etc/sane.d/</filename> - and define the scanner device used.</para> - - <para>In the above example, the USB scanner is perfectly - detected and working.</para> - - <para>To determine if the scanner is correctly - identified:</para> + <para>If <command>scanimage</command> is unable to + identify the scanner, this message will appear:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>scanimage -L</userinput> @@ -1544,44 +1540,36 @@ check that the scanner is plugged in, turned on and detected by the sane-find-scanner tool (if appropriate). Please read the documentation which came with this software (README, FAQ, manpages).</screen> - <para>Since the scanner is not identified, edit - <filename>/usr/local/etc/sane.d/epson2.conf</filename>. In - this example, the scanner model is - &epson.perfection; 1650 and it uses the - <literal>epson2</literal> backend. When editing, read the - help comments in the backend configuration file. Line - changes are simple: comment out all lines that have the - wrong interface for the scanner. In this example, comment - out all lines starting with the word <literal>scsi</literal> - as the scanner uses the USB interface. Then, at the end - of the file, add a line specifying the interface and the + <para>If this happens, edit the backend + configuration file in <filename>/usr/local/etc/sane.d/</filename> + and define the scanner device used. For example, if the undetected scanner model is + an &epson.perfection; 1650 and it uses the + <literal>epson2</literal> backend, edit + <filename>/usr/local/etc/sane.d/epson2.conf</filename>. + When editing, add a line specifying the interface and the device node used. In this case, add the following line:</para> - <programlisting>usb /dev/uscanner0</programlisting> + <programlisting>usb /dev/ugen0.2</programlisting> <para>Save the edits and verify that the scanner is - identified:</para> + identified with the right backend name and the device node:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>scanimage -L</userinput> -device `epson:/dev/uscanner0' is a Epson GT-8200 flatbed scanner</screen> - - <para>The <literal>`epson:/dev/uscanner0'</literal> field now - gives the right backend name and the device node.</para> - </note> +device 'epson2:libusb:/dev/usb:/dev/ugen0.2' is a Epson GT-8200 flatbed scanner</screen> <para>Once <command>scanimage -L</command> sees the scanner, the - configuration is complete and the device is now ready to - scan.</para> + configuration is complete and the scanner is now ready to + use.</para> - <para>While &man.scanimage.1; can be used to perform an image + <para>While <command>scanimage</command> can be used to perform an image acquisition from the command line, it is often preferable to use a graphical interface to perform image scanning. The <package>graphics/sane-frontends</package> package or port installs a simple but efficient graphical interface, <application>xscanimage</application>.</para> - <para><application>Xsane</application>, which is installed with + <para>Alternately, <application>xsane</application>, which is installed with the <package>graphics/xsane</package> package or port, is another popular graphical scanning frontend. It offers advanced features such as various scanning modes, color @@ -1590,34 +1578,33 @@ device `epson:/dev/uscanner0' is a Epson GT-8200 flatbed scanner</screen> </sect2> <sect2> - <title>Giving Other Users Access to the Scanner</title> + <title>Scanner Permissions</title> <para>In order to have access to the scanner, a user needs read and write permissions to the device node used by the - scanner. In the previous example, the USB scanner uses the + scanner. In the previous example, the <acronym>USB</acronym> scanner uses the device node <filename>/dev/ugen0.2</filename> which is really a symlink to the real device node <filename>/dev/usb/0.2.0</filename>. The symlink and the device node are owned, respectively, by the <systemitem class="groupname">wheel</systemitem> and - <systemitem class="groupname">operator</systemitem> groups. Adding the user to - these groups will allow access to the scanner. However, for - security reasons, always think twice before adding a user - to any group, especially <systemitem class="groupname">wheel</systemitem>. A better - solution is to create a group to make the scanner device + <systemitem class="groupname">operator</systemitem> groups. While adding the user to + these groups will allow access to the scanner, it is considered insecure to + add a user + to <systemitem class="groupname">wheel</systemitem>. A better + solution is to create a group and make the scanner device accessible to members of this group.</para> <para>This example creates a group called - <systemitem class="groupname"><replaceable>usb</replaceable></systemitem> using - &man.pw.8;:</para> + <systemitem class="groupname"><replaceable>usb</replaceable></systemitem>:</para> <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pw groupadd usb</userinput></screen> <para>Then, make the <filename>/dev/ugen0.2</filename> symlink and the <filename>/dev/usb/0.2.0</filename> device node accessible to the <systemitem class="groupname">usb</systemitem> group with write - permissions of (<literal>0660</literal> or - <literal>0664</literal>. All of this is done by adding the + permissions of <literal>0660</literal> or + <literal>0664</literal> by adding the following lines to <filename>/etc/devfs.rules</filename>:</para> |