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diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/captions/2007/nycbsdcon/dixon-bsdisdying.sbv b/en_US.ISO8859-1/captions/2007/nycbsdcon/dixon-bsdisdying.sbv new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e3ff5ee343 --- /dev/null +++ b/en_US.ISO8859-1/captions/2007/nycbsdcon/dixon-bsdisdying.sbv @@ -0,0 +1,943 @@ +0:00:07.329,0:00:13.679 +You're here, Bob, of course. Bob is hot. Bob is very hot. + +0:00:13.679,0:00:14.679 +Welcome to BSD is Dying. + +0:00:14.679,0:00:15.779 +No, it's not dead yet, + +0:00:15.779,0:00:16.529 +we're getting there. + +0:00:16.529,0:00:18.949 +Anybody out here last year? + +0:00:18.949,0:00:24.939 +Okay. I gave a really bad talk on pf, so and I +appreciate Bob coming out and correcting me this year. + +0:00:24.939,0:00:28.550 +Anyways, we should go and get started. + +0:00:28.550,0:00:33.560 +BSD is Dying. + +0:00:33.560,0:00:35.820 +What is BSD? + +0:00:35.820,0:00:40.150 +I think most of us know, BSD is a derivative of UNIX. + +0:00:40.150,0:00:41.630 +Okay, what is UNIX? + +0:00:41.630,0:00:44.300 +UNIX is an + +0:00:44.300,0:00:45.260 +operating system. + +0:00:45.260,0:00:48.000 +What is an operating system? + +0:00:48.000,0:00:53.930 +It runs computers. + +0:00:53.930,0:00:56.610 +But, what is a computer? + +0:00:56.610,0:01:03.610 +It helps users accomplish tasks. What is a user? +A user is somebody biped like + +0:01:07.409,0:01:10.600 +biped that stands up right sort of like me. + +0:01:10.600,0:01:14.280 +Who am I? My name is Jason Dixon. + +0:01:14.280,0:01:18.000 +First and foremost, a SysAdmin. I like to work on networks, + +0:01:18.000,0:01:18.590 +firewalls. I like to tweak. + +0:01:18.590,0:01:21.350 +No. Yes. + +0:01:21.350,0:01:27.630 +I'm a programmer, sort of. I enjoy + +0:01:27.630,0:01:28.960 +Perl, Postgres, + +0:01:28.960,0:01:30.820 +on Apache + +0:01:30.820,0:01:34.150 +servers. I'm a consultant here. I'm an employee + +0:01:34.150,0:01:38.920 +here, and a lover of + +0:01:38.920,0:01:40.150 +BSD. + +0:01:40.150,0:01:42.050 +Why am I here? + +0:01:42.050,0:01:46.970 +That’s the question I've been asking myself all along. + +0:01:46.970,0:01:48.630 +To talk about why BSD is dying. + +0:01:48.630,0:01:52.380 +Sex, and greed. + +0:01:52.380,0:01:59.380 +Someone kick these guys out. + +0:02:00.410,0:02:05.470 +Okay. So again, what is BSD? What is UNIX? +What is an operating system? What is a computer? + +0:02:05.470,0:02:12.470 +Computer is a device that computes, especially a +programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed +mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, +stores, correlates, or + +0:02:13.900,0:02:14.390 +otherwise processes + +0:02:14.390,0:02:15.529 +information. + +0:02:15.529,0:02:19.090 +This is a computer. This is also known as a + +0:02:19.090,0:02:22.459 +computer. This is a really big computer. + +0:02:22.459,0:02:28.309 +This is a fake computer, and sometimes, just can, well, compute + +0:02:28.309,0:02:31.339 +But what does a computer really do? + +0:02:31.339,0:02:33.729 +All right, it helps us write documents, + +0:02:33.729,0:02:40.729 +shopping lists. Sometimes, it can even delete documents. +It helps us work with emails, + +0:02:42.050,0:02:46.749 +surf the Web, movies, + +0:02:46.749,0:02:48.769 +and listen to music. + +0:02:48.769,0:02:50.409 +Oh, and yes, games. + +0:02:50.409,0:02:53.959 +How? How does the computer let us do these + +0:02:53.959,0:02:56.569 +things? Well, it takes the work + +0:02:56.569,0:03:00.179 +and using the computer component, we can translate it +into machine language + +0:03:00.179,0:03:01.489 +that is the foundation + +0:03:01.489,0:03:07.999 +for kernel, libraries, userland applications, +otherwise known as operating system. + +0:03:07.999,0:03:10.659 +like BSD. + +0:03:10.659,0:03:12.619 +What is a kernel? + +0:03:12.619,0:03:16.439 +It's a wonderful thing, it allows + +0:03:16.439,0:03:23.439 +The management and processes of memory, peripheral devices, +and by extension, allows us to do networking, security, + +0:03:23.540,0:03:26.639 +work with disks and file systems, user interfaces, +userland applications, + +0:03:26.639,0:03:33.619 +people can write documents, check email, surf the Web, +watch movies, listen to music, and play games. + +0:03:33.619,0:03:38.209 +and much, much more. + +0:03:38.209,0:03:41.009 +So, in summary, BSD + +0:03:41.009,0:03:44.150 +is a UNIX-derived operating system + +0:03:44.150,0:03:51.150 +enables users to harness the power of a computer to process +information. It uses the kernel to manage processes memory, +and peripheral devices. And by extension, we can perform + +0:03:51.730,0:03:58.149 +networking, enforce security, read from and write to storage +devices, and interface visually to applications like text +editors, mail clients, Web browsers, multimedia players, and + +0:03:58.149,0:04:05.149 +games. + +0:04:05.509,0:04:09.199 +In the beginning, I'm going to try and breeze through this, +people + +0:04:09.199,0:04:10.970 +The Holy + +0:04:10.970,0:04:15.369 +Trinity – MIT, Bell Labs, and GE created +a systems called Multics. + +0:04:15.369,0:04:18.750 +This is a nice flash from the past. + +0:04:18.750,0:04:20.650 +Life was good. + +0:04:20.650,0:04:21.639 +No. No. + +0:04:21.639,0:04:22.849 +Actually, it + +0:04:22.849,0:04:24.970 +wasn’t. The Multics was a commercial + +0:04:24.970,0:04:29.690 +failure. So, a couple of gentlemen like Ken Thompson and +Dennis Ritchie + +0:04:29.690,0:04:34.539 +[xx] support, like to play games. They worked at Bell Labs +and they had this game called + +0:04:34.539,0:04:36.470 +Space Travel, which performed really + +0:04:36.470,0:04:40.500 +really badly. So, what's…actually, I'm sorry + +0:04:40.500,0:04:43.639 +it ran on a PDP-7. + +0:04:43.639,0:04:48.989 +What is an assembly programmer to do when a game +doesn’t work properly on the star board? He moves + +0:04:48.989,0:04:53.240 +it. So, in 1969, Ken Thompson + +0:04:53.240,0:04:53.969 +and + +0:04:53.969,0:04:58.620 +Sorry, came out with the Uniplexed Information + +0:04:58.620,0:05:01.270 +and Computing System. It was capable of supporting + +0:05:01.270,0:05:02.499 +a number of users + +0:05:02.499,0:05:04.189 +up to two. + +0:05:05.239,0:05:07.100 +And by + +0:05:07.100,0:05:11.949 +1970, UNIX was officially known as U-N-I-X + +0:05:11.949,0:05:14.759 +It ran on a PDP1145 + +0:05:14.759,0:05:17.929 +and was capable of text processing + +0:05:17.929,0:05:21.019 +and had utilities like roff and a text editor. + +0:05:21.019,0:05:22.409 +for the purpose of + +0:05:22.409,0:05:24.210 +patents. By + +0:05:24.210,0:05:28.929 +1973, they rewrote UNIX and a programming language called + +0:05:28.929,0:05:33.340 +C which allowed AT&T to make the source code available +to let other + +0:05:33.340,0:05:35.650 +people run it on their systems. + +0:05:35.650,0:05:40.110 +By 1974, a gentleman by the name of Bob Fabry, +who was at the University + +0:05:40.110,0:05:42.079 +of Cal Berkeley in their Computer Science Department + +0:05:42.079,0:05:44.940 +bought a copy of UNIX for $99. + +0:05:44.940,0:05:47.710 +to run their PDP-11. + +0:05:47.710,0:05:52.850 +By 1977, a gentleman named Bill Joy, a graduate + +0:05:52.850,0:05:55.569 +student, distributed the Berkeley Software + +0:05:55.569,0:05:56.979 +Distribution as + +0:05:56.979,0:06:02.590 +1BSD. It was on a tape media that contained the PASCAL + +0:06:02.590,0:06:04.270 +compiler, the ex editor, and + +0:06:04.270,0:06:09.289 +by 1978, it was known as 2BSD with + +0:06:09.289,0:06:10.179 +vi, csh, and the list + +0:06:10.179,0:06:11.549 +goes on. + +0:06:11.549,0:06:17.030 +By 4BSD, we had job control, delivermail, + +0:06:17.030,0:06:21.339 +precursor to sendmail, curses, libraries. 1981, + +0:06:21.339,0:06:24.750 +4.1BSD, this one, we are recorded through VAX + +0:06:24.750,0:06:30.539 +4.1BSD addressed memory performance issues with UNIX on VAX + +0:06:30.539,0:06:34.159 +1983, 4.2BSD uses TCP/IP from BBN, + +0:06:34.159,0:06:36.990 +and also the Berkeley Fast File System from the + +0:06:36.990,0:06:39.219 +gentleman, Kirk McKusick, + +0:06:39.219,0:06:44.100 +who also brought us the original BSD mascot. + +0:06:44.100,0:06:49.280 +In 1986, 4.3BSD introduced performance improvements +over 4.2BSD + +0:06:49.280,0:06:53.299 +By 1988, we had a list called 4.3BSD-Tahoe + +0:06:53.299,0:06:57.180 +originally intended to run on the Power 6/32 +“Tahoe” platform. + +0:06:57.180,0:07:00.160 +That platform actually never came to fruition + +0:07:00.160,0:07:04.280 +but it did allow us to extract some of the +machine-independent + +0:07:04.280,0:07:07.240 +code which allowed it to become portable much later on. + +0:07:07.240,0:07:09.050 +By 1989, there was + +0:07:09.050,0:07:10.810 +Net/1, which separated the networking code + +0:07:10.810,0:07:14.349 +from the AT&T UNIX code + +0:07:14.349,0:07:17.399 +allowing for a permissive BSD license + +0:07:17.399,0:07:20.479 +By 1990, 4.3BSD-Reno + +0:07:20.479,0:07:24.770 +introduced the MACH virtual files, MACH virtual + +0:07:24.770,0:07:27.189 +memory system, Sun-compatible NFS + +0:07:27.189,0:07:30.939 +However, it was known as a real + +0:07:30.939,0:07:34.119 +gamble, hence the Reno moniker. + +0:07:34.119,0:07:36.690 +By 1991, we had + +0:07:36.690,0:07:40.280 +Net/2 where all AT&T code and utilities were +replaced or removed + +0:07:40.280,0:07:44.439 +and ran on the Intel 386 + +0:07:44.439,0:07:47.360 +and it became the basis for the 386BSD + +0:07:47.360,0:07:50.840 +and BSD/386 releases. + +0:07:50.840,0:07:52.870 +A gentleman by the name of Bill Jolitz + +0:07:52.870,0:07:54.880 +behind 386 + +0:07:54.880,0:07:58.169 +BSD release, which eventually became the foundation for + +0:07:58.169,0:07:59.849 +FreeBSD and NetBSD. + +0:07:59.849,0:08:02.250 +And the + +0:08:02.250,0:08:09.250 +BSD3, I'm sorry, the 386BSD, which later on became +BSD/OS by BSDI + +0:08:09.659,0:08:14.599 +Exodus. Back in 1992, a wholly own subsidiary of + +0:08:14.599,0:08:18.699 +AT&T called Unix System Laboratories + +0:08:18.699,0:08:20.389 +decided to go after + +0:08:20.389,0:08:22.539 +BSDI for + +0:08:22.539,0:08:25.249 +I'm sorry, + +0:08:25.249,0:08:26.860 +in New + +0:08:26.860,0:08:33.139 +Jersey, as for an injunction against him due to various +what they consider proprietary + +0:08:33.139,0:08:34.650 +code in the + +0:08:34.650,0:08:35.960 +BSD. + +0:08:35.960,0:08:40.200 +This was one of their advertising and again, they used +this as the basis for the + +0:08:40.200,0:08:42.150 +lawsuit. I have + +0:08:42.150,0:08:44.640 +no idea what that’s for. + +0:08:44.640,0:08:47.660 + + +0:08:47.660,0:08:52.440 +Net/2 was basically, I'm sorry + +0:08:52.440,0:08:55.809 +the three BSDIs version of BSD OS is basically Net/2 + +0:08:55.809,0:08:58.239 ++ 6 files that they had version from + +0:08:58.239,0:09:00.540 +Bill Jolitz’s 386 + +0:09:00.540,0:09:05.030 +BSD. The lawsuit was, I'm sorry, the court settlement was + +0:09:05.030,0:09:09.020 +ruled over by a judge who denied the injunction + +0:09:09.020,0:09:11.469 +and asked them to narrow their + +0:09:11.469,0:09:15.650 +complaint to recent California copyrights +and the possibility of the loss of + +0:09:15.650,0:09:19.299 +trade secrets. He also did a really great thing +for BSD is that he hinted, + +0:09:19.299,0:09:21.829 +that…actually by this + +0:09:21.829,0:09:25.770 +point, the lawsuit with California Berkeley had been +also added into the + +0:09:25.770,0:09:29.030 +lawsuit. Well, he gave a hint to bring the case to the state + +0:09:29.030,0:09:30.160 +court. So, + +0:09:30.160,0:09:36.110 +BSD laywers were pretty smart over at Cal and they decided +to make a run over to the state court by the next + +0:09:36.110,0:09:38.690 +Monday to file a countersuit + +0:09:38.690,0:09:39.390 +against USL, + +0:09:39.390,0:09:43.250 +in the state of California. + +0:09:43.250,0:09:46.280 +Soon after USL went up for + +0:09:46.280,0:09:49.070 +sale, and it was bought by Novell + +0:09:49.070,0:09:53.860 +A gentleman, Ray Noorda, the CEO + +0:09:53.860,0:09:58.730 +at Novell, agreed to a settlement at this point because +they understood that there was + +0:09:58.730,0:10:01.060 +no copyright infringement in the + +0:10:01.060,0:10:03.510 +code. So, basically, + +0:10:03.510,0:10:05.850 +the lawsuit was settled out of court + +0:10:05.850,0:10:07.150 +in secret for ten years. + +0:10:07.150,0:10:08.870 +In 2004, + +0:10:11.490,0:10:14.990 +done with the actual settlement + +0:10:14.990,0:10:16.120 +was and really sit. + +0:10:16.120,0:10:17.910 +And, + +0:10:17.910,0:10:19.560 +USL, AT&T and + +0:10:19.560,0:10:20.550 +Novell sort of + +0:10:20.550,0:10:22.190 +was embarrassed, + +0:10:22.190,0:10:27.060 +which ended up resulting in two distinct releases + +0:10:27.060,0:10:32.990 +4.4BSD, there is an encumbered version and had USL license + +0:10:32.990,0:10:37.490 +and AT&T code, and 4.4BSD-Lite, which was completely +unencumbered + +0:10:37.490,0:10:39.460 +and became the + +0:10:39.460,0:10:40.600 +foundation for + +0:10:40.600,0:10:43.470 +a FreeBSD. + +0:10:43.470,0:10:47.500 +NetBSD, I'm sorry, FreeBSD + +0:10:49.150,0:10:55.670 +FreeBSD, people with background, only different BSDs +that came out of 386BSD + +0:10:55.670,0:11:00.900 +It runs on Intel x86, Itanium, AMD64, Alpha, Sun Ultra + +0:11:00.900,0:11:05.149 +SPARC and it gives us the neat features of jail, which +most of us are familiar with, + +0:11:05.149,0:11:07.420 +mandatory access control as MACH + +0:11:07.420,0:11:10.830 +and historically, had a very strong TCP/ + +0:11:10.830,0:11:11.750 +IP and SMP performance. + +0:11:11.750,0:11:16.150 +The original NetBSD, which also came from 386BSD + +0:11:18.680,0:11:22.200 +Over 50 hardware platforms from a single +source tree + +0:11:22.200,0:11:25.520 +and that’s pretty much what it's known for. To be honest + +0:11:25.520,0:11:31.790 +I mean, I got to admit I'm an Open BSD guy, I was looking for +a really cool and innovative features in NetBSD and I really + +0:11:31.790,0:11:32.329 +couldn’t find any. + +0:11:32.329,0:11:34.940 +Why am I hanging on this. + +0:11:34.940,0:11:37.160 +Sorry, + +0:11:37.160,0:11:39.650 +I know people are going to… + +0:11:39.650,0:11:46.650 +I know the NetBSD is going to get me…I can +handle two of you. Okay? And this is + +0:11:48.680,0:11:51.490 +a list of the platforms that probably + +0:11:51.490,0:11:53.820 +including a toaster. + +0:11:53.820,0:11:55.000 + + +0:11:55.000,0:11:56.410 +OpenBSD, + +0:11:56.410,0:11:59.179 +this is one of the old logos, this is the new + +0:11:59.179,0:12:03.510 +logo. It was forked from NetBSD 1.0, we won't go +into the history, I know + +0:12:03.510,0:12:08.929 +most people know it, and it's supported by about +16 official platforms + +0:12:08.929,0:12:12.530 +platforms. This is about half of the most popular ones. + +0:12:12.530,0:12:17.570 +And it comes out with a new release every six months, +generally, in May and November + +0:12:17.570,0:12:20.810 +1st, so if you haven’t already, pick a copy, it just came + +0:12:20.810,0:12:24.880 +out of the foil. It's unofficial model is secure by default + +0:12:24.880,0:12:31.880 +only what's needed is running on the default + +0:12:32.750,0:12:35.690 +And, some of their goals + +0:12:35.690,0:12:38.300 +and features - full disclosure, audits, + +0:12:38.300,0:12:43.950 +privsep, privilege separation & revocation, chroot jails, +like FreeBSD, + +0:12:43.950,0:12:48.910 +random values wherever possible. This is probably + +0:12:48.910,0:12:52.180 +the most obvious example. ProPolice + +0:12:52.180,0:12:58.070 +Some other features that they’d given us through +the years – PF, authpf, CARP, fsyncd, + +0:12:58.070,0:13:01.380 +which I think some of these are probably in the + +0:13:01.380,0:13:08.380 +FreeBSD by now. DragonFlyBSD was a continuation of +FreeBSD 4.8. Again, + +0:13:08.760,0:13:11.160 +DragonFlyBSD was + +0:13:11.160,0:13:15.640 +FreeBSD 4.8 and was intended to basically + +0:13:15.640,0:13:21.580 +overhaul the SMP features in FreeBSD 6 +and 7,5,6, and 7. + +0:13:21.580,0:13:25.690 +DragonFly is another example. If you look at their goals, +it had some really neat technological stuff. + +0:13:25.690,0:13:28.500 +I can't find any features that really, you + +0:13:28.500,0:13:31.830 +know, mean anything. + +0:13:31.830,0:13:33.130 +Of course, + +0:13:33.130,0:13:36.890 +Tiger is an old I'm sorry, OSX + +0:13:36.890,0:13:43.890 +It started from the Jolitz project, but it's sort of a inbred + +0:13:48.870,0:13:53.800 + + +0:13:53.800,0:13:58.350 + + +0:13:58.350,0:14:04.130 +That is all about, I wanted to cover kind of the present of +where we are right now, some of the myths and truths. + +0:14:04.130,0:14:08.260 +Why is BSD dying? Really, that’s what the title + +0:14:08.260,0:14:11.750 +of the project and topic is. + +0:14:11.750,0:14:16.270 +Well, first, because IDC said so. + +0:14:16.270,0:14:21.480 +Market share for BSD is, right now, all time low, under 1% + +0:14:21.480,0:14:28.480 +And, of course, Netcraft confirms these findings. +Last place in the SysAdmin networking test, so we all + +0:14:29.660,0:14:30.930 +know that word, we're just big losers. + +0:14:30.930,0:14:37.610 +Because open-source projects are giving away free software. +I mean, we can't possibly make + +0:14:37.610,0:14:39.310 +money, so that, obviously, means that + +0:14:39.310,0:14:46.310 +we're dying. And free software is… + +0:14:46.390,0:14:53.390 +We know how to say this, when we came out. +Free software equals terrorism. + +0:14:55.120,0:14:57.910 + + +0:14:57.910,0:15:04.910 +Our inability to adapt. As you can see by this graph + +0:15:09.630,0:15:15.980 +Let's be serious here, people. + +0:15:15.980,0:15:20.520 +We see Windows, I mean, the way people. Come on, +they’ve been doing this for a number of what? 15, + +0:15:20.520,0:15:22.180 +20 years. Linux is second. + +0:15:22.180,0:15:24.349 +They actually are showing some. + +0:15:24.349,0:15:29.259 +We presume that someone is doing office by doing + +0:15:29.259,0:15:35.450 +The BSD is only for register, so we've got to work +on that, of course + +0:15:35.450,0:15:37.030 +Loss of talent. Free + +0:15:37.030,0:15:41.410 +BSD has lost 93% of their core developers. + +0:15:41.410,0:15:45.300 +Okay, come on, guys, let's go. + +0:15:45.300,0:15:48.030 +But not all is lost. + +0:15:48.030,0:15:53.600 +Fortunately, a few very small companies still +use BSD in this age. + +0:15:53.600,0:15:56.450 + + +0:15:56.450,0:16:02.590 +I know you probably have heard most of these. + +0:16:02.590,0:16:05.780 +Believe it or not, this is our premier + +0:16:05.780,0:16:12.780 +sponsor, and some other company that didn’t sponsor us + +0:16:16.070,0:16:17.560 + + +0:16:17.560,0:16:20.070 +I should just end right there. + +0:16:20.070,0:16:21.870 + + +0:16:21.870,0:16:28.130 +Seriously, though, the technological challenge that we +have ahead of us. Virtualization, that’s a big deal + +0:16:28.130,0:16:29.529 +as far as the market. + +0:16:29.529,0:16:33.230 +Of course, developers are in the market, so, +if that happens, that + +0:16:33.230,0:16:35.370 +happens. The end is really, really cool. + +0:16:35.370,0:16:40.150 +DRM, is obviously evil, yes, I know, I don’t care about + +0:16:40.150,0:16:41.690 +DRM. Ran out. + +0:16:41.690,0:16:43.980 +Right? + +0:16:43.980,0:16:45.310 +Political challenges + +0:16:45.310,0:16:48.710 +No, this has been hard to admit, but I can't beat + +0:16:48.710,0:16:50.530 +people, blobs, + +0:16:50.530,0:16:52.140 +binary is bad, + +0:16:52.140,0:16:53.140 +don’t do it + +0:16:53.140,0:16:56.180 +just smoke in the same crack + +0:16:56.180,0:16:57.540 + + +0:16:57.540,0:16:59.590 +NDAs + +0:16:59.590,0:17:01.900 +and closed documentation. + +0:17:01.900,0:17:06.460 +How many of us here are actual core developers for +one of the BSDs? + +0:17:06.460,0:17:08.159 +Okay, the rest of us, let's help them + +0:17:08.159,0:17:09.420 +out + +0:17:09.420,0:17:10.120 +okay + +0:17:10.120,0:17:12.000 +get your files with your supplier, + +0:17:12.000,0:17:16.740 +let's get some documentation to these guys. + +0:17:16.740,0:17:18.159 +Because without the + +0:17:18.159,0:17:20.100 +diversity, we'll have + +0:17:20.100,0:17:22.220 +unity + +0:17:22.220,0:17:24.630 +and a common goal. + +0:17:27.420,0:17:30.090 +Thank you. |