diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'handbook')
32 files changed, 616 insertions, 337 deletions
diff --git a/handbook/Makefile b/handbook/Makefile index ef951720a0..ec2803c800 100644 --- a/handbook/Makefile +++ b/handbook/Makefile @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ -# $Id: Makefile,v 1.1 1995-09-08 19:34:26 jfieber Exp $ +# $Id: Makefile,v 1.1.2.1 1995-10-12 03:15:40 jfieber Exp $ SRCS= authors.sgml basics.sgml bibliography.sgml boothelp.sgml -SRCS+= booting.sgml contrib.sgml ctm.sgml current.sgml dialup.sgml -SRCS+= diskless.sgml eresources.sgml glossary.sgml handbook.sgml -SRCS+= history.sgml hw.sgml install.sgml kerberos.sgml kerneldebug.sgml -SRCS+= memoryuse.sgml mirrors.sgml nfs.sgml nutshell.sgml porting.sgml -SRCS+= ports.sgml ppp.sgml relnotes.sgml scsi.sgml sections.sgml -SRCS+= slipc.sgml slips.sgml submitters.sgml sup.sgml +SRCS+= booting.sgml contrib.sgml crypt.sgml ctm.sgml current.sgml dialup.sgml +SRCS+= diskless.sgml dma.sgml eresources.sgml esdi.sgml glossary.sgml +SRCS+= handbook.sgml history.sgml hw.sgml install.sgml kerberos.sgml +SRCS+= kernelconfig.sgml kerneldebug.sgml memoryuse.sgml +SRCS+= mirrors.sgml nfs.sgml nutshell.sgml +SRCS+= porting.sgml ports.sgml ppp.sgml printing.sgml relnotes.sgml +SRCS+= routing.sgml scsi.sgml sections.sgml +SRCS+= skey.sgml slipc.sgml slips.sgml submitters.sgml sup.sgml SRCS+= troubleshooting.sgml userppp.sgml .include <bsd.sgml.mk> diff --git a/handbook/authors.sgml b/handbook/authors.sgml index 111765497e..c44d118c53 100644 --- a/handbook/authors.sgml +++ b/handbook/authors.sgml @@ -1,29 +1,112 @@ -<!-- $Id: authors.sgml,v 1.3.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:21 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: authors.sgml,v 1.3.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:42 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!-- Names and email address of contributing authors. Use these -entities when referencing people. +entities when referencing people. Please not the use of single +and double quotes. --> -<!ENTITY a.asami "Satoshi Asami <tt><asami@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.awebster "Andrew Webster <tt><awebster@dataradio.com></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.davidg "David Greenman <tt><davidg@Root.COM></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.dufalt "Peter Dufault <tt><dufault@hda.com></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.gclarkii "Gary Clark II <tt><gclarkii@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.gena "Gennady B. Sorokopud <tt><gena@NetVision.net.il></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.ghelmer "Guy Helmer <tt><ghelmer@alpha.dsu.edu></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.gpalmer "Gary Palmer <tt><gpalmer@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.jfieber "John Fieber <tt><jfieber@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.jkh "Jordan Hubbard <tt><jkh@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.joerg "Joerg Wunsch <tt><joerg_wunsch@uriah.heep.sax.de></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.john "John Lind <tt><john@starfire.MN.ORG></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.mark "Mark Murray <tt><mark@grondar.za></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.martin "Martin Renters <tt><martin@innovus.com></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.md "Mark Dapoz <tt><md@bsc.no></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.nik "Nik Clayton <tt><nik@blueberry.co.uk></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.phk "Poul-Henning Kamp <tt><phk@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.paul "Paul Richards <tt><paul@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.rgrimes "Rodney Grimes <tt><rgrimes@FreeBSD.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.whiteside "Don Whiteside <tt><whiteside@acm.org></tt>"> -<!ENTITY a.wilko "Wilko Bulte <tt><wilko@yedi.iaf.nl></tt>"> +<!ENTITY a.asami "Satoshi Asami + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:asami@FreeBSD.org' + name='<asami@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.awebster "Andrew Webster + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:awebster@dataradio.com' + name='<awebster@dataradio.com>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.davidg "David Greenman + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:davidg@Root.COM' + name='<davidg@Root.COM>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.dufalt "Peter Dufault + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:dufault@hda.com' + name='<dufault@hda.com>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.gclarkii "Gary Clark II + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:gclarkii@FreeBSD.org' + name='<gclarkii@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.gena "Gennady B. Sorokopud + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:gena@NetVision.net.il' + name='<gena@NetVision.net.il>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.ghelmer "Guy Helmer + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:ghelmer@alpha.dsu.edu' + name='<ghelmer@alpha.dsu.edu>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.gpalmer "Gary Palmer + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:gpalmer@FreeBSD.org' + name='<gpalmer@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.gryphon "Coranth Gryphon + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:gryphon@healer.com' + name='<gryphon@healer.com>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.jehamby "Jake Hamby + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:jehamby@lightside.com' + name='<jehamby@lightside.com>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.jfieber "John Fieber + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:jfieber@FreeBSD.org' + name='<jfieber@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.jkh "Jordan Hubbard + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:jkh@FreeBSD.org' + name='<jkh@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.joerg "Joerg Wunsch + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:joerg_wunsch@uriah.heep.sax.de' + name='<joerg_wunsch@uriah.heep.sax.de>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.john "John Lind + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:john@starfire.MN.ORG' + name='<john@starfire.MN.ORG>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.kelly "Sean Kelly + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:kelly@fsl.noaa.gov' + name='<kelly@fsl.noaa.gov>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.mark "Mark Murray + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:mark@grondar.za' + name='<mark@grondar.za>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.martin "Martin Renters + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:martin@innovus.com' + name='<martin@innovus.com>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.md "Mark Dapoz + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:md@bsc.no' + name='<md@bsc.no>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.nik "Nik Clayton + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:nik@blueberry.co.uk' + name='<nik@blueberry.co.uk>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.phk "Poul-Henning Kamp + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:phk@FreeBSD.org' + name='<phk@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.paul "Paul Richards + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:paul@FreeBSD.org' + name='<paul@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.rgrimes "Rodney Grimes + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:rgrimes@FreeBSD.org' + name='<rgrimes@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.uhclem "Frank Durda IV + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:uhclem@nemesis.lonestar.org' + name='<uhclem@nemesis.lonestar.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.whiteside "Don Whiteside + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:whiteside@acm.org' + name='<whiteside@acm.org>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.wilko "Wilko Bulte + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:wilko@yedi.iaf.nl' + name='<wilko@yedi.iaf.nl>'></tt>"> + +<!ENTITY a.wollman "Garrett Wollman + <tt><htmlurl url='mailto:wollman@FreeBSD.org' + name='<wollman@FreeBSD.org>'></tt>"> diff --git a/handbook/basics.sgml b/handbook/basics.sgml index 8528e8b8a4..e25eef0a22 100644 --- a/handbook/basics.sgml +++ b/handbook/basics.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: basics.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:22 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: basics.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:43 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt><heading>Unix Basics<label id="basics"></heading> diff --git a/handbook/bibliography.sgml b/handbook/bibliography.sgml index 01550139ab..6b7686a696 100644 --- a/handbook/bibliography.sgml +++ b/handbook/bibliography.sgml @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -<!-- $Id: bibliography.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:23 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: bibliography.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:45 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt> <heading>Bibliography<label id="bibliography"></heading> - <p>While the manual pages provide the definative reference + <p>While the manual pages provide the definitive reference for individual pieces of the FreeBSD operating system, they are notorious for not illustrating how to put the pieces together to make the whole operating system run @@ -119,12 +119,12 @@ <p><itemize> <item>Stanley, Tom. <em>ISA System - Architechure</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. : + Architecture</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1995. <newline>ISBN 0201409968</item> <item>Stanley, Tom. <em>PCI System - Architechure</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. : + Architecture</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, 1995. <newline>ISBN 0201409933</item> diff --git a/handbook/booting.sgml b/handbook/booting.sgml index bf7335face..84d16c81ad 100644 --- a/handbook/booting.sgml +++ b/handbook/booting.sgml @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ This conversion has been made by Ollivier Robert. - $Id: booting.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:24 davidg Exp $ + $Id: booting.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:47 jfieber Exp $ <!DOCTYPE linuxdoc PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD linuxdoc//EN"> @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ <toc> --> - <chapt><heading>The FreeBSD Booting Process<label id="booting"></heading> + <sect><heading>The FreeBSD Booting Process<label id="booting"></heading> <p><em>Contributed by &a.phk;. v1.1, April 26th.</em> @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ determine the root filesystem and initialize user-land things. This leads to some interesting possibilities shown below. - <sect><heading>Loading a kernel</heading> + <sect1><heading>Loading a kernel</heading> <p> We presently have three basic mechanisms for loading the kernel as described below: @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ </descrip> - <sect><heading>Determine the root filesystem</heading> + <sect1><heading>Determine the root filesystem</heading> <p> Once the kernel is loaded and the boot-code jumps to it, the kernel will initialize itself, trying to determine what hardware is @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ </descrip> - <sect><heading>Initialize user-land things</heading> + <sect1><heading>Initialize user-land things</heading> <p> To get the user-land going, when the kernel has finished initialization, it will create a with ``<tt/pid == 1/'' and execute @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ 1/''. - <sect><heading>Interesting combinations</heading> + <sect1><heading>Interesting combinations</heading> <p> Boot a kernel with a MFS in it with a special <tt>/sbin/init</tt> which... @@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ <tt>/rootfs/bin -> /bin</tt><newline> <tt>/rootfs/etc -> /etc</tt><newline> <tt>/rootfs/sbin -> /sbin</tt><newline> - ...<newline> + (etc...)<newline> </itemize> Now you run FreeBSD without repartitioning your hard disk... diff --git a/handbook/contrib.sgml b/handbook/contrib.sgml index 422c1fd86f..2f1f1db96a 100644 --- a/handbook/contrib.sgml +++ b/handbook/contrib.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: contrib.sgml,v 1.15.2.1 1995-10-04 08:15:25 jkh Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: contrib.sgml,v 1.15.2.2 1995-10-12 03:15:48 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt><heading>FreeBSD contributor list<label id="contrib"></heading> @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ some occasionally rocky moments in relations between the two groups, we both want essentially the same thing: More BSD based operating systems on people's computers! We wish - the NetBSD group every success in their endevors. + the NetBSD group every success in their endeavors. <sect><heading>Hardware contributors</heading> @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ <p><descrip> <tag/President/ Jordan K. Hubbard <jkh@FreeBSD.org> - <tag/Principle Architect/ David Greenman <davidg@FreeBSD.org> + <tag/Principal Architect/ David Greenman <davidg@FreeBSD.org> <tag/Documentation/ John Fieber <jfieber@FreeBSD.org> <tag/Internationalization/ Andrey A. Chernov <ache@FreeBSD.org> <tag/Networking/ Garrett A. Wollman <wollman@FreeBSD.org> @@ -87,8 +87,9 @@ <itemize> <item>Adam David <adam@veda.is> <item>Adam Glass <glass@postgres.berkeley.edu> + <item>Adrian T. Filipi-Martin <atf3r@agate.cs.virginia.edu> <item>Akito Fujita <fujita@zoo.ncl.omron.co.jp> - <item>Alain Kalker <alain@Wit401402.student.utwente.nl> + <item>Alain Kalker <A.C.P.M.Kalker@student.utwente.nl> <item>Andras Olah <olah@cs.utwente.nl> <item>Andreas Klemm <andreas@knobel.GUN.de> <item>Andrew Herbert <andrew@werple.apana.org.au> @@ -100,15 +101,18 @@ <item>Bob Wilcox <bob@obiwan.uucp> <item>Brian Tao <taob@gate.sinica.edu.tw> <item>Charles Hannum <mycroft@ai.mit.edu> + <item>Chet Ramey <chet@odin.INS.CWRU.Edu> <item>Chris G. Demetriou <cgd@postgres.berkeley.edu> <item>Chris Provenzano <proven@athena.mit.edu> <item>Chris Stenton <jacs@gnome.co.uk> <item>Chris Torek <torek@ee.lbl.gov> <item>Christian Gusenbauer <cg@fimp01.fim.uni-linz.ac.at> <item>Christoph Robitschko <chmr@edvz.tu-graz.ac.at> + <item>Chuck Hein <chein@cisco.com> <item>Chuck Robey <chuckr@Glue.umd.edu> <item>Cornelis van der Laan <nils@guru.ims.uni-stuttgart.de> <item>Craig Struble <cstruble@vt.edu> + <item>Cristian Ferretti <cfs@riemann.mat.puc.cl> <item>Curt Mayer <curt@toad.com> <item>Danny J. Zerkel <dzerkel@feephi.phofarm.com> <item>Dave Burgess <burgess@hrd769.brooks.af.mil> @@ -116,8 +120,10 @@ <item>Dave Rivers <rivers@ponds.uucp> <item>David Dawes <dawes@physics.su.OZ.AU> <item>Dean Huxley <dean@fsa.ca> + <item>Dirk Froemberg <dirk@hal.in-berlin.de> <item>Don Whiteside <dwhite@anshar.shadow.net> <item>Eric L. Hernes <erich@lodgenet.com> + <item>Frank Bartels <knarf@nasim.cube.net> <item>Frank Durda IV <bsdmail@nemesis.lonestar.org> <item>Frank Maclachlan <fpm@crash.cts.com> <item>Frank Nobis <fn@trinity.radio-do.de> @@ -127,6 +133,7 @@ <item>Gene Stark <stark@cs.sunysb.edu> <item>Guido van Rooij <guido@gvr.win.tue.nl> <item>Havard Eidnes <Havard.Eidnes@runit.sintef.no> + <item>Hideaki Ohmon <ohmon@sfc.keio.ac.jp> <item>Holger Veit <Holger.Veit@gmd.de> <item>Ishii Masahiro, R. Kym Horsell <item>J.T. Conklin <jtc@winsey.com> @@ -134,9 +141,11 @@ <item>James da Silva <jds@cs.umd.edu> et al <item>Janusz Kokot <janek@gaja.ipan.lublin.pl> <item>Javier Martin Rueda <jmrueda@diatel.upm.es> + <item>Jean-Marc Zucconi <jmz@FreeBSD.ORG> <item>Jim Wilson <wilson@moria.cygnus.com> <item>Jonathan Bresler < jmb@FreeBSD.ORG> <item>Josh MacDonald <jmacd@uclink.berkeley.edu> + <item>Juergen Lock <nox@jelal.hb.north.de> <item>Julian Elischer <julian@dialix.oz.au> <item>Julian Stacey <stacey@guug.de> (fallback: <julian@meepmeep.pcs.com>) @@ -175,12 +184,14 @@ <item>Rob Snow <rsnow@txdirect.net> <item>Rodney W. Grimes <rgrimes@FreeBSD.org> <item>Sascha Wildner <swildner@channelz.GUN.de> + <item>Scott Blachowicz <scott@sabami.seaslug.org> <item>Scott Mace <smace@FreeBSD.org> <item>Sean Eric Fagan <sef@kithrup.com> <item>Serge V. Vakulenko <vak@zebub.msk.su> <item>Stefan Esser <se@MI.Uni-Koeln.DE> <item>Stephen McKay <syssgm@devetir.qld.gov.au> <item>Steve Gerakines <steve2@genesis.tiac.net> + <item>Steve Passe <smp@csn.net> <item>Steven Wallace <swallace@ece.uci.edu> <item>Tatsumi Hosokawa <hosokawa@mt.cs.keio.ac.jp> <item>Terry Lee <terry@uivlsi.csl.uiuc.edu> @@ -189,7 +200,7 @@ <item>Tom Samplonius <tom@misery.sdf.com> <item>Torbjorn Granlund <tege@matematik.su.se> <item>Torsten Blum <torstenb@FreeBSD.ORG> - <item>Ugen J.S.Antsilevich <ugen@NetVision.net.il> + <item>Ugen J.S.Antsilevich <ugen@latte.WorldBank.org> <item>Werner Griessl <werner@btp1da.phy.uni-bayreuth.de> <item>Wolfgang Stanglmeier <wolf@kintaro.cologne.de> <item>Wolfram Schneider <wosch@cs.tu-berlin.de> @@ -246,6 +257,7 @@ <item>Joerg Lohse <lohse@tech7.informatik.uni-hamburg.de> <item>Jörg Wunsch <joerg_wunsch@uriah.heep.sax.de> <item>John Dyson - <formerly dyson@ref.tfs.com> + <item>John Polstra <jdp@polstra.com> <item>John Woods <jfw@eddie.mit.edu> <item>Jordan K. Hubbard <jkh@whisker.hubbard.ie> <item>Julian Elischer <julian@dialix.oz.au> diff --git a/handbook/ctm.sgml b/handbook/ctm.sgml index 888f68b1d1..03a06e7892 100644 --- a/handbook/ctm.sgml +++ b/handbook/ctm.sgml @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ # # Converted by Ollivier RObert <roberto@FreeBSD.ORG> # -# $Id: ctm.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:25 davidg Exp $ +# $Id: ctm.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:50 jfieber Exp $ # # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # "THE BEER-WARE LICENSE" (Revision 42): diff --git a/handbook/current.sgml b/handbook/current.sgml index edca1767e0..e05679a011 100644 --- a/handbook/current.sgml +++ b/handbook/current.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: current.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:26 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: current.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:51 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ THE FREEBSD CURRENT POLICY -Last updated: $Date: 1995-09-17 11:19:26 $ +Last updated: $Date: 1995-10-12 03:15:51 $ This document attempts to explain the rationale behind FreeBSD-current, what you should expect should you decide to run it, and states some @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ too much time to do this as a general task. <item> In any way ``officially supported'' by us. We do our best to help people genuinely in one of the 3 - ``legitimate'' FreeBSD-current catagories, but we simply <em>do not + ``legitimate'' FreeBSD-current categories, but we simply <em>do not have the time</em> to help every person who jumps into FreeBSD-current with more enthusiasm than knowledge of how to deal with experimental system software. This is not because we're mean and @@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ too much time to do this as a general task. <sect><heading>Using FreeBSD-current</heading> -<p><enum> <item> Join the freebsd-hackers and freebsd-commit +<p><enum> <item> Join the freebsd-current and cvs-all mailing lists. This is not just a good idea, it's - <em>essential</em>. If you aren't on freebsd-hackers, you + <em>essential</em>. If you aren't on freebsd-current, you won't read the comments that people are making about the current state of the system and thus will end up stumbling over a lot of problems that others have already found and @@ -92,26 +92,26 @@ too much time to do this as a general task. Before you rebuild <tt>/usr/src</tt>, you <em>must</em> rebuild the kernel or your system will crash horribly!"). - The freebsd-commit list will allow you to see the commit log - entry for each change as its made. This can also contain + The cvs-all mailing list will allow you to see the commit log + entry for each change as it's made. This can also contain important information, and will let you know what parts of the system are being actively changed. To join these lists, send mail to `majordomo@FreeBSD.ORG' and say: <verb> - subscribe freebsd-hackers - subscribe freebsd-commit + subscribe current + subscribe cvs-all </verb> In the body of your message. Optionally, you can also say `help' - and MajorDomo will send you full help on how to subscribe and + and Majordomo will send you full help on how to subscribe and unsubscribe to the various other mailing lists we support. <item> Grab the sources from ftp.FreeBSD.ORG. You can do this in three ways: <enum> - <item> Using the CTM facility desribed below. Unless you + <item> Using the CTM facility described below. Unless you have a good TCP/IP connection at a flat rate, this is the way to do it. @@ -173,7 +173,3 @@ commercial organizations won't even consider it) and I want to make sure that people at least come into this with their eyes open, and don't make the leap unless they're good at working without a net! --> - - - - diff --git a/handbook/dialup.sgml b/handbook/dialup.sgml index 37e905de14..521f78a074 100644 --- a/handbook/dialup.sgml +++ b/handbook/dialup.sgml @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ <!-- This is an SGML document in the linuxdoc DTD of the Tutorial for Configuring a FreeBSD for Dialup Services by Guy Helmer. - $Id: dialup.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:26 davidg Exp $ + $Id: dialup.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:53 jfieber Exp $ <!DOCTYPE linuxdoc PUBLIC "-//Linux//DTD linuxdoc//EN"> diff --git a/handbook/diskless.sgml b/handbook/diskless.sgml index f65dbb4ba5..2a17ac4cd9 100644 --- a/handbook/diskless.sgml +++ b/handbook/diskless.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: diskless.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:28 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: diskless.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:54 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>Diskless operation<label id="diskless"></heading> diff --git a/handbook/eresources.sgml b/handbook/eresources.sgml index 04f5f91aa9..cefabcbb28 100644 --- a/handbook/eresources.sgml +++ b/handbook/eresources.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: eresources.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:28 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: eresources.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:56 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt> @@ -21,10 +21,7 @@ <sect> <heading>Mailing lists<label id="eresources:mail"></heading> -<p><em>Contributed by &a.dufalt;.<newline> - 20 Jun 1995.</em> - -Though many of the FreeBSD development members read USENET, we cannot +<p>Though many of the FreeBSD development members read USENET, we cannot always guarantee that we'll get to your questions in a timely fashion (or at all) if you post them only to one of the comp.unix.bsd.* groups. By addressing your questions to the appropriate mailing list @@ -52,9 +49,10 @@ List Purpose freebsd-announce Important events / milestones freebsd-bugs Bug reports freebsd-chat Non technical items related to the community +freebsd-current Discussions about the use of FreeBSD-current +freebsd-isp Issues for ISP's using FreeBSD freebsd-policy Policy issues and suggestions freebsd-questions User questions -freebsd-current Discussions about the use of FreeBSD-current </verb> <bf>Technical lists:</bf> The following are the technical lists. You should @@ -234,8 +232,12 @@ hardware that FreeBSD runs on, various problems and suggestions concerning what to buy or avoid. <tag/FREEBSD-INSTALL/ <em>Installation discussion</em><newline> -This is the mailing list for people discussing FreeBSD installation -development for the 2.0 release. +This mailing list is for discussing FreeBSD installation +development for the future releases. + +<tag/FREEBSD-ISP/ <em>Issues for Internet Service Providers</em><newline> +This mailing list is for discussing topics relevant to Internet +Serivce Providers (ISPs) using FreeBSD. <tag/FREEBSD-MULTIMEDIA/ <em>Multimedia discussions</em><newline> This is a forum about multimedia applications using FreeBSD. @@ -280,7 +282,7 @@ fixes, etc). <tag/FREEBSD-USER-GROUPS/ <em>User Group Coordination List</em><newline> This is the mailing list for the coordinators from each of the -local area Users Groups to dicuss matters with each other and a +local area Users Groups to discuss matters with each other and a designated individual from the Core Team. This mail list should be limited to meeting synopsis and coordination of projects that span User Groups. @@ -346,7 +348,7 @@ User Groups. </itemize> <sect> - <heading>Word Wide Web servers<label id="eresources:web"></heading> + <heading>World Wide Web servers<label id="eresources:web"></heading> <p><itemize> <item><url url="http://www.freebsd.org/"></item> diff --git a/handbook/glossary.sgml b/handbook/glossary.sgml index e7061a4a6c..50bbcfeac3 100644 --- a/handbook/glossary.sgml +++ b/handbook/glossary.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: glossary.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:30 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: glossary.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:57 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt><heading>* Glossary<label id="glossary"></heading> diff --git a/handbook/handbook.sgml b/handbook/handbook.sgml index f76df42c9e..5435d704ad 100644 --- a/handbook/handbook.sgml +++ b/handbook/handbook.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: handbook.sgml,v 1.7.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:30 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: handbook.sgml,v 1.7.4.2 1995-10-12 03:15:59 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!DOCTYPE linuxdoc PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD linuxdoc//EN" [ @@ -24,19 +24,22 @@ <author> <name>The FreeBSD Documentation Project</name> </author> - <date>August 31, 1995</date> + <date>October 6, 1995</date> <abstract>Welcome to FreeBSD! This handbook covers the installation and day to day use of <bf>FreeBSD Release 2.0.5</bf>. This manual is a <bf>work in progress</bf> and is the -work of many individials. Many sections do not yet exist +work of many individuals. Many sections do not yet exist and some of those that do exist need to be updated. If you are interested in helping with this project, send -email to &a.jfieber; or to the FreeBSD Documentation +email to the FreeBSD Documentation Project mailing list <tt><htmlurl url="mailto:doc@freebsd.org" name="<doc@freebsd.org>"></tt>. +The latest version of this document is always available from +the <url url="http://www.freebsd.org/" name="FreeBSD World Wide +Web server">. </abstract> <toc> @@ -62,34 +65,23 @@ name="<doc@freebsd.org>"></tt>. <part><heading>System Administration</heading> - <chapt><heading>Reconfiguring the Kernel<label id="kernelconfig"></heading> - <p>This section is in progress. Please contact - Deborah Bennett <htmlurl url="mailto:deborah@gallifrey.microunity.com" - name="<deborah@gallifrey.microunity.com>"> for more information. - In the meantime, please refer to - Kernel Configuration section of the <url url="../FAQ/freebsd-faq.html" - name="FreeBSD FAQ">. - <!-- &kernelconfig; --> - + &kernelconfig; <chapt><heading>Users, groups and security</heading> - <sect><heading>* DES, MD5 and Crypt</heading> - <sect><heading>* S/Key</heading> + &crypt; + &skey; &kerberos; <sect><heading>* Firewalls</heading> - <chapt><heading>Printing</heading> - <p>This section is in progress. Please contact - Sean Kelly <url url="mailto:kelly@fsl.noaa.gov" - name="kelley@fsl.noaa.gov"> for more information. - + &printing; <chapt><heading>The X-Window System</heading> <p>Pending the completion of this section, please refer to documentation supplied by the <url url="http://www.xfree86.org/" name="The XFree86 Project, Inc">. <chapt><heading>Managing hardware</heading> - &scsi; <sect><heading>* Adding and reconfiguring disks</heading> + &scsi; + &esdi; <sect><heading>* Tapes and backups</heading> <sect><heading>* Serial ports</heading> <sect><heading>* Sound cards</heading> @@ -121,14 +113,16 @@ name="<doc@freebsd.org>"></tt>. &slips; <chapt><heading>Advanced networking</heading> +<!-- <sect><heading>Gateways and routing</heading> <p>This section is in progress. Please contact Coranth Gryphon <htmlurl url="mailto:gryphon@healer.com" name="<gryphon@healer.com>"> for more information. - +--> + &routing; &nfs; - <sect><heading>* Yellow Pages/NIS</heading> &diskless; + <sect><heading>* Yellow Pages/NIS</heading> <sect><heading>* ISDN</heading> <chapt><heading>* Mail</heading> @@ -143,10 +137,9 @@ name="<doc@freebsd.org>"></tt>. ⊃ &kerneldebug; &submitters; - &booting; - &memoryuse; &troubleshooting; + <!-- ************************************************************ --> <part><heading>Appendices</heading> @@ -154,8 +147,12 @@ name="<doc@freebsd.org>"></tt>. &bibliography; &eresources; &hw; + <chapt><heading>Assorted technical topics</heading> + &booting; + &memoryuse; + &dma; &contrib; - &glossary; +<!-- &glossary; --> </book> </linuxdoc> diff --git a/handbook/history.sgml b/handbook/history.sgml index 445809dd1d..55ba71507d 100644 --- a/handbook/history.sgml +++ b/handbook/history.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: history.sgml,v 1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:31 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: history.sgml,v 1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:00 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>A brief history of FreeBSD<label id="history"></heading> @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ FreeBSD's distribution channels to those many unfortunates without easy access to the Internet. Walnut Creek CDROM not only supported the idea of distributing FreeBSD on CD but went so far as to provide the project with a machine to work on and a fast Internet connection. -Without Walnut Creek CDROM's almost unprecidented degree of faith in +Without Walnut Creek CDROM's almost unprecedented degree of faith in what was, at the time, a completely unknown project, it is in fact very unlikely that FreeBSD would have gotten as far, as fast, as it has today. @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Around this time, some rather unexpected storm clouds formed on our horizon as Novell and U.C. Berkeley settled their long-running lawsuit over the legal status of the Berkeley Net/2 tape. A condition of that settlement was U.C. Berkeley's concession that large parts of Net/2 -was "encumbered" code and property of Novell, who had in turn aquired +was "encumbered" code and property of Novell, who had in turn acquired it from AT&T some time previously. What Berkeley got in return was Novell's "blessing" that the 4.4 Lite release, when it was finally released, would be declared unencumbered and all existing Net/2 users diff --git a/handbook/hw.sgml b/handbook/hw.sgml index dd49b55fae..7b388cb8ac 100644 --- a/handbook/hw.sgml +++ b/handbook/hw.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: hw.sgml,v 1.6 1995-09-02 11:09:03 ats Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: hw.sgml,v 1.6.2.1 1995-10-12 03:16:02 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!-- @@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ known work around is to turn the cache off. - <tag>Saturn-I <em>(ie, 82424ZX at rev 0, 1 or - 2)</em>:</tag> write back cache coherency + <tag>Saturn-I <em>(ie, 82424ZX at rev 0, 1 or 2)</em>:</tag> + Write back cache coherency problems. Hardware flaw, only known work around is to set the external cache to write-through mode. Upgrade to Saturn-II. - <tag>Saturn-II <em>(ie, 82424ZX at rev 3 or - 4)</em>:</tag> Works fine, but many MB + <tag>Saturn-II <em>(ie, 82424ZX at rev 3 or 4)</em>:</tag> + Works fine, but many MB manufactures leave out the external dirty bit SRAM needed for write back operation. Work arounds are either run it in write through mode, @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ device sio1 at isa? port 0x100 tty flags 0x1005 device sio2 at isa? port 0x108 tty flags 0x1005 device sio3 at isa? port 0x110 tty flags 0x1005 device sio4 at isa? port 0x118 tty flags 0x1005 -... +[...] device sio15 at isa? port 0x170 tty flags 0x1005 device sio16 at isa? port 0x178 tty flags 0x1005 irq 3 vector siointr </verb></tscreen> @@ -272,12 +272,12 @@ sio16: type 16550A (multiport master) must be made using the <tt>/dev/MAKEDEV</tt> script. After becoming root: <tscreen> -cd /dev<newline> -./MAKEDEV tty1<newline> -./MAKEDEV cua1<newline> -<em>.. (everything inbetween)</em><newline> -./MAKEDEV ttyg<newline> -./MAKEDEV cuag +# cd /dev<newline> +# ./MAKEDEV tty1<newline> +# ./MAKEDEV cua1<newline> +<em>(everything in between)</em><newline> +# ./MAKEDEV ttyg<newline> +# ./MAKEDEV cuag </tscreen> If you do not want or need callout devices for some diff --git a/handbook/install.sgml b/handbook/install.sgml index ba63835ca2..e1e4a69655 100644 --- a/handbook/install.sgml +++ b/handbook/install.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: install.sgml,v 1.9 1995-08-29 01:42:39 jfieber Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: install.sgml,v 1.9.2.1 1995-10-12 03:16:03 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!-- @@ -6,8 +6,154 @@ --> <chapt><heading>Installing FreeBSD<label id="install"></heading> + <p>So, you would like to try out FreeBSD on your system? + This section is a quick-start guide for what you need to + do. FreeBSD can be installed from a variety of media + including CD-ROM, floppy disk, magnetic tape, an MS-DOS + partition, and if you have a network connection, via + anonymous ftp or NFS. + + Regardless of the installation media you choose, you can + get started by downleading the <bf>installation disk</bf> + as described below. Booting your computer with disk will + provide important information about compatibility between + FreeBSD and your hardware which could dictate which + installation options are possible. It can also provide + early clues to compatibilty problems that could prevent + FreeBSD running on your system at all. If you plan on + installing via anonymous FTP, then this installation disk + is all you need to download. + + For more information on obtaining the FreeBSD distribution + itself, please see <ref id="mirrors" name="Obtaining + FreeBSD"> in the Appendix. + + So, to get the show on the road, follow these steps: + <enum> + + <item>Review the <ref id="install:hw" name="supported + configurations"> section of this installation guide to + be sure that your hardware is supported by FreeBSD. It + may be helpful to make a list of any special cards you + have installed, such as SCSI controllers, etherernet + adapters or sound cards. This list should include + relevant configuration parameters such as interrupts + (IRQ) and IO port addresses. </item> + + <item>Download the <url + url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/2.0.5-RELEASE/UPDATES/boot.flp" + name="installation boot disk image"> file to your hard + drive, and be sure to tell your browser to + <em>save</em> rather than <em>display</em>. + <bf>Note:</bf> This disk image can be used for + <em>both</em> 1.44 megabyte 3.5 inch floppy disks and + 1.2 megabyte 5.25 inch floppy disks.</item> + + <item>Make the installation boot disk from the image file: + <itemize> + <item>If you are using MS-DOS download + <url +url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/tools/dos-tools/rawrite.exe" + name="rawrite.exe"> (tell your browser to <em>save</em> rather than + <em>display</em>!), then run it: +<tscreen><verb> +C:\> rawrite +</verb></tscreen> The + program will prompt you for the floppy drive + containing the disk you want to write to (A: or + B:) and the name of the file to put on disk (boot.flp). + </item> + + <item>If you are using a UNIX system: +<tscreen> +% dd if=boot.flp of=<em>disk_device</em> bs=18k +</tscreen> + where <em>disk_device</em> is the <tt>/dev</tt> + entry for the floppy drive. On FreeBSD systems, this + is <tt>/dev/rfd0</tt> for the A: drive and + <tt>/dev/rfd1</tt> for the B: drive. + </item> + </itemize> + + </item> + + <item>With the installation disk in the A: drive, reboot your + computer. You should get a boot prompt something like this: + <tscreen> +>> FreeBSD BOOT ...<newline> +Use hd(1,a)/kernel to boot sd0 when wd0 is also installed.<newline> +Usage: [[hd(1,a)]/kernel][-abcCdhrsv]<newline> +Use ? for file list or press Enter for defaults<newline> +Boot: + </tscreen> + If you do <em>not</em> type anything, FreeBSD will automatically boot + with its default configuration after a delay of about + five seconds. As FreeBSD boots, it probes your computer + to determine what hardware is installed. The results of + this probing is displayed on the screen. + </item> + + <item>When the booting process is finished, The main FreeBSD + installation menu will be displayed.</item> + + </enum> + + <p><bf>If something goes wrong...</bf> + + <p>Due to limitations of the PC architecture, it is + impossible for probing to be 100 percent reliable. In the event + that your hardware is incorrectly identified, or that the + probing causes your computer to lock up, first check the + <ref id="install:hw" name="supported + configurations"> section of this installation guide to be + sure that your hardware is indeed supported by FreeBSD. + + <p>If your hardware is supported, reset the computer and when + the <tt>Boot:</tt> prompt comes up, type <bf>-c</bf>. This puts + FreeBSD into a configuration mode where you can supply + hints about your hardware. The FreeBSD kernel on the + installation disk is configured assuming that most hardware + devices are in their factory default configuration in terms + of IRQs, IO addresses and DMA channels. If your hardware + has been reconfigured, you will most likely need to use the + <bf>-c</bf> option at boot to tell FreeBSD where things are. + + <p>It is also possible that a probe for a device not present + will cause a later probe for another device that is present + to fail. In that case, the probes for the conflicting + driver(s) should be disabled. + + <p>In the configuration mode, you can: + + <itemize> + <item>List the device drivers installed in the kernel.</item> + <item>Disable device drivers for hardware not present in your + system.</item> + <item>Change the IRQ, DRQ, and IO port addresses used by a + device driver.</item> + </itemize> + + <p>While at the <tt>config></tt> prompt, type + <tt>help</tt> for more information on the available + commands. After adjusting the kernel to match how you have + your hardware configured, type <tt>quit</tt> at the + <tt>config></tt> prompt to continue booting with the new + settings. + + After FreeBSD has been installed, changes made in the + configuration mode will be permanent so you do not have + to reconfigure every time you boot. Even so, it is likely + that you will want to build a custom kernel to optimize the + performance of your system. See <ref id="kernelconfig" + name="Kernel configuration"> for more information on + creating custom kernels. + <sect><heading>MS-DOS user's Questions and Answers</heading> + <p>Many FreeBSD users wish to install FreeBSD on PCs inhabited + by MS-DOS. Here are some commonly asked questions about + installing FreeBSD on such systems. + <p><bf>Help! I have no space! Do I need to delete everything first?</bf> @@ -219,7 +365,7 @@ <item>ARNET 8 port serial card using shared IRQ. - <item>BOCA ATIO66 6 port serial card using shared IRQ. + <item>BOCA IOAT66 6 port serial card using shared IRQ. <item>Cyclades Cyclom-y Serial Board. @@ -353,7 +499,7 @@ C> MD C:\FREEBSD C> XCOPY /S E:\FLOPPIES C:\FREEBSD\FLOPPIES\ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS\BIN C:\FREEBSD\BIN\ </verb></tscreen> - asssuming that <tt>C:</tt> is where you have free space + assuming that <tt>C:</tt> is where you have free space and <tt>E:</tt> is where your CDROM is mounted. Note that you need the <tt>FLOPPIES</tt> directory because the <tt>root.flp</tt> image is needed during an MS-DOS @@ -375,7 +521,7 @@ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS C:\FREEBSD\ <p>Installing from tape is probably the easiest method, short of an on-line install using FTP or a CDROM - instal. The installation program expects the files to + install. The installation program expects the files to be simply tar'ed onto the tape, so after getting all of the files for distribution you're interested in, simply tar them onto the tape with a command like: @@ -403,8 +549,9 @@ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS C:\FREEBSD\ <p>You can do network installations over 3 types of communications links: <descrip> - <tag>Serial port</tag> SLIP or PPP <tag>Parallel - port</tag> PLIP (laplink cable) <tag>Ethernet</tag> A + <tag>Serial port</tag> SLIP or PPP + <tag>Parallel port</tag> PLIP (laplink cable) + <tag>Ethernet</tag> A standard ethernet controller (includes some PCMCIA). </descrip> @@ -568,7 +715,7 @@ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS C:\FREEBSD\ wish to proceed directly to the Language option and set your preferred language. This will bring up some of the documentation in that language instead of - english. + English. <item>Select the Options item and set any special preferences you may have. @@ -623,7 +770,7 @@ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS C:\FREEBSD\ flags in the Label editor) and all selected distributions will be extracted. - <item>The Configure menu choice allows you to furthur + <item>The Configure menu choice allows you to further configure your FreeBSD installation by giving you menu-driven access to various system defaults. Some items, like networking, may be especially diff --git a/handbook/kerberos.sgml b/handbook/kerberos.sgml index 39ac95d55c..f65fa4d440 100644 --- a/handbook/kerberos.sgml +++ b/handbook/kerberos.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: kerberos.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:32 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: kerberos.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:05 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>Kerberos<label id="kerberos"></heading> @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ grunt# mv grunt-new-srvtab srvtab <p>If the file is for a client system, and the network is not deemed safe, then copy the <tt><client>-new-srvtab</tt> to - removeable media and transport it by secure physical means. Be + removable media and transport it by secure physical means. Be sure to rename it to <tt>srvtab</tt> in the client's <tt>/etc/kerberosIV</tt> directory, and make sure it is mode 600: @@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ Apr 30 11:23:22 Apr 30 19:23:22 krbtgt.GRONDAR.ZA@GRONDAR.ZA </verb></tscreen> <p>Now try changing the password using <tt>passwd</tt> to check if the - kpasswd daemon can get authorisation to the Kerberos database: + kpasswd daemon can get authorization to the Kerberos database: <tscreen><verb> grunt$ passwd @@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ Password changed. <p>Kerberos allows us to give <it>each</it> user who needs root privileges their own <it>separate</it> <tt>su</tt>password. We - could now add an id which is authorised to <tt>su</tt> to <it>root</it>. + could now add an id which is authorized to <tt>su</tt> to <it>root</it>. This is controlled by having an instance of <it>root</it> associated with a principal. Using <tt>kdb_edit</tt> we can create the entry <it>jane.root</it> in the Kerberos database: diff --git a/handbook/kerneldebug.sgml b/handbook/kerneldebug.sgml index 7208d09df9..6ca5e916c8 100644 --- a/handbook/kerneldebug.sgml +++ b/handbook/kerneldebug.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: kerneldebug.sgml,v 1.3 1995-07-31 01:18:46 jfieber Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: kerneldebug.sgml,v 1.3.2.1 1995-10-12 03:16:09 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt><heading>Kernel Debugging<label id="kerneldebug"></heading> @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ programs will drastically increase, and since the whole kernel is loaded entirely at boot time and cannot be swapped out later, several megabytes of - physical RAM willl be wasted. + physical RAM will be wasted. If you are testing a new kernel, for example by typing the new kernel's name at the boot prompt, but need to boot a different @@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ the Makefile, there will be some other object files rebuild, for example <tt>trap.o</tt>. With a bit of luck, the added <tt>-g</tt> option won't change anything for the generated - code, so you'll finally get a new kernel with similiar code to + code, so you'll finally get a new kernel with similar code to the faulting one but some debugging symbols. You should at least verify the old and new sizes with the <tt>size(1)</tt> command. If there is a mismatch, you probably need to give up here. @@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ If you need to do low-level debugging on your kernel, there's an on- line debugger available called DDB. It allows to setting breakpoints, single-steping kernel functions, examining - and changeing kernel variables, etc. However, it cannot not + and changing kernel variables, etc. However, it cannot not access kernel source files, and only has access to the global and static symbols, not to the full debug information like <tt>kgdb</tt>. @@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ w/w 0xf0010030 0 0 </verb></tscreen> The command modifier (<tt>b</tt>/<tt>h</tt>/<tt>w</tt>) - specifies the size of the data to be writtten, the first + specifies the size of the data to be written, the first following expression is the address to write to, the remainder is interpreted as data to write to successive memory locations. diff --git a/handbook/memoryuse.sgml b/handbook/memoryuse.sgml index 43866dc548..676ce13cdf 100644 --- a/handbook/memoryuse.sgml +++ b/handbook/memoryuse.sgml @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -<!-- $Id: memoryuse.sgml,v 1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:33 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: memoryuse.sgml,v 1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:13 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> -<chapt><heading>PC memory utilization<label id="memoryuse"></heading> +<sect><heading>PC memory utilization<label id="memoryuse"></heading> <p><em>Contributed by &a.joerg;.<newline> 16 Apr 1995.</em> diff --git a/handbook/mirrors.sgml b/handbook/mirrors.sgml index 02078b3d80..14da647283 100644 --- a/handbook/mirrors.sgml +++ b/handbook/mirrors.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: mirrors.sgml,v 1.1 1995-09-01 04:54:13 jfieber Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: mirrors.sgml,v 1.1.2.1 1995-10-12 03:16:17 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!-- @@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ and on CD-ROM from Walnut Creek CDROM: Walnut Creek CDROM<newline> 1547 Palos Verdes Mall, Suite 260<newline> Walnut Creek CA 94596 USA<newline> - Phone: +1 510 647-0783<newline> - Fax: +1 510 647-0821<newline> + Phone: +1 510 674-0783<newline> + Fax: +1 510 674-0821<newline> Email: <htmlurl url="mailto:info@cdrom.com" name="info@cdrom.com"><newline> WWW: <htmlurl url="http://www.cdrom.com/" name="http://www.cdrom.com/"> </quote> @@ -371,8 +371,8 @@ eBones (Kerberos) from one of the following foreign distribution sites: <itemize> <item> -<htmlurl url="ftp://skeleton.mikom.csir.co.za/pub/FreeBSD" - name="ftp://skeleton.mikom.csir.co.za/pub/FreeBSD"><newline> +<htmlurl url="ftp://ftp.internat.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD" + name="ftp://ftp.internat.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD"><newline> Contact: Mark Murray <htmlurl url="mailto:mark@grondar.za" name="mark@grondar.za">. @@ -407,4 +407,4 @@ eBones (Kerberos) from one of the following foreign distribution sites: name="count@nic.funet.fi">. </itemize> -</descrip>
\ No newline at end of file +</descrip> diff --git a/handbook/nfs.sgml b/handbook/nfs.sgml index 378c7abae2..2db4f2991a 100644 --- a/handbook/nfs.sgml +++ b/handbook/nfs.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: nfs.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:34 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: nfs.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:20 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>NFS<label id="nfs"></heading> @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ a FreeBSD system with a lower-performance Ethernet adapter. Also, "/sharedfs" will be the exported NFS filesystem (see "man exports"), and "/project" will be the mount point on the client for the exported file system. In all cases, note that additional options, such as "hard" or -"soft" and "bg" may be desireable in your application. +"soft" and "bg" may be desirable in your application. Examples for the FreeBSD system ("freebox") as the client: in /etc/fstab on freebox: @@ -74,6 +74,6 @@ individually, avoiding the deadlock situation. Overruns may still occur when a high-performance workstations is slamming data out to a PC system, but with the better cards, such overruns are -not guarranteed on NFS "units". When an overrun occurs, the units affected +not guaranteed on NFS "units". When an overrun occurs, the units affected will be retransmitted, and there will be a fair chance that they will be received, assembled, and acknowledged. diff --git a/handbook/nutshell.sgml b/handbook/nutshell.sgml index c867d417d0..c822b63cdf 100644 --- a/handbook/nutshell.sgml +++ b/handbook/nutshell.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: nutshell.sgml,v 1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:35 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: nutshell.sgml,v 1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:22 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>FreeBSD in a nutshell<label id="nutshell"></heading> diff --git a/handbook/porting.sgml b/handbook/porting.sgml index 3052b25166..de58da4a82 100644 --- a/handbook/porting.sgml +++ b/handbook/porting.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:36 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:25 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>Porting applications<label id="porting"></heading> @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ mentioned in this document. Most (if not all) are documented at the start of the <tt>bsd.port.mk</tt> file which can be found in <tt>/usr/share/mk</tt>. This file uses a non-standard tab - setting. <tt>Emacs</tt> should recognise the setting on + setting. <tt>Emacs</tt> should recognize the setting on loading the file. <tt>vi</tt> or <tt>ex</tt> can be set to using the correct value by typing `<tt>:set tabstop=4</tt>' once the file has been loaded. @@ -120,23 +120,23 @@ <p>The minimal <tt>Makefile</tt> would look something like this: <tscreen><verb> -# New ports collection makefile for: oneko -# Version required: 1.1b -# Date created: 5 December 1994 -# Whom: asami -# -# $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:36 davidg Exp $ -# - -DISTNAME= oneko-1.1b -CATEGORIES+= games -MASTER_SITES= ftp://ftp.cs.columbia.edu/archives/X11R5/contrib/ - -MAINTAINER= asami@FreeBSD.ORG - -USE_IMAKE= yes - -.include <bsd.port.mk> + # New ports collection makefile for: oneko + # Version required: 1.1b + # Date created: 5 December 1994 + # Whom: asami + # + # $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:25 jfieber Exp $ + # + + DISTNAME= oneko-1.1b + CATEGORIES+= games + MASTER_SITES= ftp://ftp.cs.columbia.edu/archives/X11R5/contrib/ + + MAINTAINER= asami@FreeBSD.ORG + + USE_IMAKE= yes + + .include <bsd.port.mk> </verb></tscreen> <p>See if you can figure it out. Don't worry about the contents @@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ work/foozolix-1.0/ <sect2> <heading>Dependencies</heading> - <p>Many ports depend on other ports. There are three + <p>Many ports depend on other ports. There are five variables that you can use to ensure that all the required bits will be on the user's machine. <sect3> @@ -579,22 +579,56 @@ LIB_DEPENDS= tcl\\.7\\.:${PORTSDIR}/lang/tcl to `<tt>ldconfig -r | grep</tt>', so periods should be escaped by two backslashes like in the example above. <sect3> - <heading>EXEC_DEPENDS</heading> - <p>This variable specifies executables this port depends - on. It is a list of `<tt>exec:dir</tt>' pairs - where <tt>exec</tt> is the name of the executable, and - <tt>dir</tt> is the directory in which to find it in case - it's not available. For example, + <heading>RUN_DEPENDS</heading> + <p>This variable specifies executables this port depends on + during run-time. It is a list of `<tt>exec:dir</tt>' + pairs where <tt>exec</tt> is the name of the executable, + and <tt>dir</tt> is the directory in which to find it in + case it's not available. For example, <tscreen><verb> -EXEC_DEPENDS= wish:${PORTSDIR}/x11/tk +RUN_DEPENDS= wish:${PORTSDIR}/x11/tk </verb></tscreen> will check for an executable called `<tt>wish</tt>', and descend into the <tt>x11/tk</tt> subdirectory of your ports tree to build and install it if it's not found. + + The dependency is checked from within the <tt>install</tt> + target. Also, the name of the dependency is put in to the + package so that <tt>pkg_add</tt> will automatically + install it if it is not on the user's system. + <sect3> + <heading>BUILD_DEPENDS</heading> + <p>This variable specifies executables this port requires to + build. Like <tt>RUN_DEPENDS</tt>, it is a list of + `<tt>exec:dir</tt>' pairs. For example, +<tscreen><verb> +BUILD_DEPENDS= unzip:${PORTSDIR}/archivers/unzip +</verb></tscreen> + will check for an executable called `<tt>unzip</tt>', and + descend into the <tt>archivers/unzip</tt> subdirectory of + your ports tree to build and install it if it's not found. + + Note that `build' here means everything from extracting to + compilation. The dependency is checked from within the + <tt>extract</tt> target. + <sect3> + <heading>FETCH_DEPENDS</heading> + <p>This variable specifies executables this port requires to + fetch. Like the previous two, it is a list of + `<tt>exec:dir</tt>' pairs. For example, +<tscreen><verb> +FETCH_DEPENDS= ncftp2:${PORTSDIR}/net/ncftp2 +</verb></tscreen> + will check for an executable called `<tt>ncftp2</tt>', and + descend into the <tt>net/ncftp2</tt> subdirectory of + your ports tree to build and install it if it's not found. + + The dependency is checked from within the <tt>fetch</tt> + target. <sect3> <heading>DEPENDS</heading> <p>If there is a dependency that doesn't fall into either of - the above two categories, or your port requires to have + the above four categories, or your port requires to have the source of the other port extracted (i.e., having them installed is not enough), then use this variable. This is just a list of directories, as there is nothing to check, @@ -653,7 +687,7 @@ EXEC_DEPENDS= wish:${PORTSDIR}/x11/tk <p>Note: The GNU General Public License (GPL), both version 1 and 2, shouldn't be a problem for ports. - <p>Note: If you are a commiter, make sure you update the + <p>Note: If you are a committer, make sure you update the <tt>ports/LEGAL</tt> file too. <sect1> @@ -691,11 +725,11 @@ EXEC_DEPENDS= wish:${PORTSDIR}/x11/tk user can set in <tt>/etc/make.conf</tt> to disable man page compression. Here's an example: <tscreen><verb> -post-install: - strip ${PREFIX}/bin/xdl -.if !defined(NOMANCOMPRESS) - gzip -9nf ${PREFIX}/man/man1/xdl.1 -.endif + post-install: + strip ${PREFIX}/bin/xdl + .if !defined(NOMANCOMPRESS) + gzip -9nf ${PREFIX}/man/man1/xdl.1 + .endif </verb></tscreen> <p>Use the <tt>file</tt> command on the installed executable @@ -790,7 +824,7 @@ post-install: <heading>ldconfig</heading> <p>If your port installs a shared library, add a <tt>post-install</tt> target to your Makefile that runs - `<tt>ldconfig -m</tt>' on the directory where the new + `<tt>/sbin/ldconfig -m</tt>' on the directory where the new library is installed (usually <tt>${PREFIX}/lib</tt>) to register it into the shared library cache. @@ -801,7 +835,7 @@ post-install: as in: <tscreen><verb> lib/libtcl.so.7.3 -@exec ldconfig -m %D/%F +@exec /sbin/ldconfig -m %D/lib </verb></tscreen> <p>Note: the `-m' option is new since 2.0.5 and @@ -840,75 +874,75 @@ lib/libtcl.so.7.3 important information is easy to locate. <tscreen><verb> -[the header...just to make it easier for us to identify the ports] -# New ports collection makefile for: xdvi -# Version required: 2.2 [things like "1.5alpha" are fine here too] -# Date created: 26 May 1995 -[this is the person who did the original port to FreeBSD, in particular, the - person who wrote this Makefile] -# Whom: Satoshi Asami <asami@FreeBSD.ORG> -# -# $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:36 davidg Exp $ -[ ^^^^ don't worry about this...it will be automatically filled in by CVS when - it is committed to our repository] -# - -[section to describe the package itself and main ftp site - DISTNAME - is always first, followed by PKGNAME (if necessary), CATEGORIES, - KEYWORDs (if necessary) and then MASTER_SITES, and optionally - EXTRACT_SUFX or DISTFILES] -DISTNAME= xdvi -PKGNAME= xdvi-pl18 -CATEGORIES+= printing -[don't forget the trailing slash ("/")!] -MASTER_SITES= ftp://crl.dec.com/pub/X11/contrib/applications/ -[set this if the source is not in the standard ".tar.gz" form] -EXTRACT_SUFX= .tar.Z - -[section for distributed patches -- can be empty] -PATCH_SITES= ftp://ftp.sra.co.jp/pub/X11/japanese/ -PATCHFILES= xdvi-18.patch1.gz xdvi-18.patch2.gz - -[maintainer; *mandatory*! This is the person (preferably with commit - privileges) who a user can contact for questions and bug reports - this - person should be the porter or someone who can forward questions to the - original porter reasonably promptly. If you really don't want to have your - address here, set it to "ports@FreeBSD.ORG".] -MAINTAINER= asami@FreeBSD.ORG - -[dependencies -- can be empty] -EXEC_DEPENDS= gs:${PORTSDIR}/print/ghostscript -LIB_DEPENDS= Xpm\\.4\\.:${PORTSDIR}/graphics/xpm - -[this section is for other standard bsd.port.mk variables that don't belong to - any of the above] -[If it extracts to a directory other than ${DISTNAME}...] -WRKSRC= ${WRKDIR}/xdvi-new -[If it asks questions during configure, build, install...] -IS_INTERACTIVE= yes -[If it requires "configure" in the distributed source directory to be run...] -HAS_CONFIGURE= yes -[If it requires GNU make, not /usr/bin/make, to build...] -USE_GMAKE= yes -[If it is an X application and requires "xmkmf -a" to be run...] -USE_IMAKE= yes -[et cetera.] - -[non-standard variables to be used in the rules below] -MY_FAVORITE_RESPONSE= "yeah, right" - -[then the special rules, in the order they are called] -pre-fetch: - i go fetch something, yeah - -post-patch: - i need to do something after patch, great - -pre-install: - and then some more stuff before installing, wow - -[and then the epilogue] -.include <bsd.port.mk> + [the header...just to make it easier for us to identify the ports] + # New ports collection makefile for: xdvi + # Version required: 2.2 [things like "1.5alpha" are fine here too] + # Date created: 26 May 1995 + [this is the person who did the original port to FreeBSD, in particular, the + person who wrote this Makefile] + # Whom: Satoshi Asami <asami@FreeBSD.ORG> + # + # $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:25 jfieber Exp $ + [ ^^^^ don't worry about this...it will be automatically filled in by CVS when + it is committed to our repository] + # + + [section to describe the package itself and main ftp site - DISTNAME + is always first, followed by PKGNAME (if necessary), CATEGORIES, + KEYWORDs (if necessary) and then MASTER_SITES, and optionally + EXTRACT_SUFX or DISTFILES] + DISTNAME= xdvi + PKGNAME= xdvi-pl18 + CATEGORIES+= printing + [don't forget the trailing slash ("/")!] + MASTER_SITES= ftp://crl.dec.com/pub/X11/contrib/applications/ + [set this if the source is not in the standard ".tar.gz" form] + EXTRACT_SUFX= .tar.Z + + [section for distributed patches -- can be empty] + PATCH_SITES= ftp://ftp.sra.co.jp/pub/X11/japanese/ + PATCHFILES= xdvi-18.patch1.gz xdvi-18.patch2.gz + + [maintainer; *mandatory*! This is the person (preferably with commit + privileges) who a user can contact for questions and bug reports - this + person should be the porter or someone who can forward questions to the + original porter reasonably promptly. If you really don't want to have your + address here, set it to "ports@FreeBSD.ORG".] + MAINTAINER= asami@FreeBSD.ORG + + [dependencies -- can be empty] + RUN_DEPENDS= gs:${PORTSDIR}/print/ghostscript + LIB_DEPENDS= Xpm\\.4\\.:${PORTSDIR}/graphics/xpm + + [this section is for other standard bsd.port.mk variables that don't belong to + any of the above] + [If it extracts to a directory other than ${DISTNAME}...] + WRKSRC= ${WRKDIR}/xdvi-new + [If it asks questions during configure, build, install...] + IS_INTERACTIVE= yes + [If it requires "configure" in the distributed source directory to be run...] + HAS_CONFIGURE= yes + [If it requires GNU make, not /usr/bin/make, to build...] + USE_GMAKE= yes + [If it is an X application and requires "xmkmf -a" to be run...] + USE_IMAKE= yes + [et cetera.] + + [non-standard variables to be used in the rules below] + MY_FAVORITE_RESPONSE= "yeah, right" + + [then the special rules, in the order they are called] + pre-fetch: + i go fetch something, yeah + + post-patch: + i need to do something after patch, great + + pre-install: + and then some more stuff before installing, wow + + [and then the epilogue] + .include <bsd.port.mk> </verb></tscreen> <sect1> diff --git a/handbook/ports.sgml b/handbook/ports.sgml index 1c3a02dc33..f4ea580c39 100644 --- a/handbook/ports.sgml +++ b/handbook/ports.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: ports.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:38 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: ports.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:27 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>The Ports collection<label id="ports"></heading> @@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ FTP site as defined in the relevant Makefile (in the MASTER_SITES line), or some FreeBSD mirror site also carrying a set of distfiles, as does the master FTP site on ftp.FreeBSD.org (aka ftp.cdrom.com) in the directory <tt>/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles</tt>. Note that the files in -that directory are not guarenteed to be kept up to date - this is a +that directory are not guaranteed to be kept up to date - this is a volunteer project! We can't make any guarantees about the mirror -sites either - they are obviously under independant control and don't +sites either - they are obviously under independent control and don't even have to mirror the distfiles directory. - If you have a non-permanant link, you can fetch all the distfiles by + If you have a non-permanent link, you can fetch all the distfiles by going to the top of the tree and typing ``make fetch''. @@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ minute. The most up-to-date copy can be found in: If you find that you still need to go in there and alter things, by all means do so, and then send the diffs to ports@FreeBSD.org if you'd like them to be a part of the default distribution. Please also -remember that any changes must respect backwards-compatability with +remember that any changes must respect backwards-compatibility with any and all older Makefiles, unless you want a real nightmare of /usr/ports munging ahead of you! Large scale changes will generally not be warmly welcomed unless all the existing makefiles work without @@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ This will print a summary of all ports in the tree. <p> For various reasons, when using FTP over the Internet to obtain the source code, you may not always end up with the same copy of the code -that the origional porter worked from, and this can lead to problems. +that the original porter worked from, and this can lead to problems. So a simple checksumming system has been employed to try and highlight problems in this area. @@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ checksum routine. The same technique can be applied to a single port. for that port. Not all ports currently have checksums, but this should be cured soon. - Some older versions of the system don't recognise the ``checksum'' + Some older versions of the system don't recognize the ``checksum'' target. In that case, try the command <verb> make check-md5 diff --git a/handbook/ppp.sgml b/handbook/ppp.sgml index 564b6c26f4..ccfa137955 100644 --- a/handbook/ppp.sgml +++ b/handbook/ppp.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: ppp.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:39 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: ppp.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:29 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>Setting up kernel PPP<label id="ppp"></heading> @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ pppd /dev/tty01 19200 necessary authorization on the remote host. ( Example of such script is attached to the end of this document ) -Use the follwing /etc/ppp/pppdown script to disconnect the PPP line: +Use the following /etc/ppp/pppdown script to disconnect the PPP line: <verb> #!/bin/sh pid=`ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'` @@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ exit This /etc/ppp/kermit.dial script is used for dialing and authorizing on remote host. You will need to customize it for your needs. Put your login and password in this script , also you'll need -to change input statement depending on responces from your modem +to change input statement depending on responses from your modem and remote host. <verb> ; diff --git a/handbook/relnotes.sgml b/handbook/relnotes.sgml index cdbf62a324..c4f5042da4 100644 --- a/handbook/relnotes.sgml +++ b/handbook/relnotes.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: relnotes.sgml,v 1.4 1995-08-29 01:42:43 jfieber Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: relnotes.sgml,v 1.4.2.1 1995-10-12 03:16:30 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!-- @@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ <tt>i386/isa/diskslice_machdep.c</tt> <tt>i386/isa/wd.c</tt> <tt>scsi/sd.c</tt> <tt>dev/vn/vn.c</tt> - <tag>Support for Ontrack Disk Manager Version - 6.0</tag> Support has been added for disks + <tag>Support for Ontrack Disk Manager Version 6.0</tag> + Support has been added for disks which use Ontrack Disk Manager. The fdisk program does <em>not</em> know about it however, so make all changes using the install @@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ <p><descrip> - <tag>Matsushita/Panasonic (Creative) CD-ROM - driver</tag> The Matsushita/Panasonic CR-562 and + <tag>Matsushita/Panasonic (Creative) CD-ROM driver</tag> + The Matsushita/Panasonic CR-562 and CR-563 drives are now supported when connected to a Sound Blaster or 100% compatible host adapter. Up to four host adapters are supported for a @@ -236,8 +236,8 @@ Sources involved: <tt>isa/aic7770.c</tt> <tt>pci/aic7870.c</tt> <tt>i386/scsi/*</tt> <tt>sys/dev/aic7xxx/*</tt> - <tag>NCR5380/NCR53400 SCSI (ProAudio Spectrum) - driver</tag> Owner: core + <tag>NCR5380/NCR53400 SCSI (ProAudio Spectrum) driver</tag> + Owner: core Submitted by: Serge Vakulenko (vak@cronyx.ru) @@ -255,8 +255,8 @@ <p><descrip> - <tag>SDL Communications Riscom/8 Serial Board - Driver</tag> Owner: Andrey Chernov + <tag>SDL Communications Riscom/8 Serial Board Driver</tag> + Owner: Andrey Chernov (ache@FreeBSD.org) Sources involved: <tt>isa/rc.c</tt> <tt>isa/rcreg.h</tt> @@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ Sources involved: <tt>isa/joy.c</tt> - <tag>National Instruments "LabPC" driver</tag> Owner: + <tag>National Instruments ``LabPC'' driver</tag> Owner: Peter Dufault (dufault@hda.com) Sources involved: <tt>isa/labpc.c</tt> @@ -398,8 +398,8 @@ Sources involved: <tt>isa/sound/vat_audio.c</tt> <tt>isa/sound/vat_audioio.h</tt> - <tag>National Instruments AT-GPIB and AT-GPIB/TNT - GPIB driver</tag> Owner: core + <tag>National Instruments AT-GPIB and AT-GPIB/TNT GPIB driver</tag> + Owner: core Submitted by: Fred Cawthorne (fcawth@delphi.umd.edu) diff --git a/handbook/scsi.sgml b/handbook/scsi.sgml index 7213fa0ef7..d6c4efb91c 100644 --- a/handbook/scsi.sgml +++ b/handbook/scsi.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: scsi.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:39 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: scsi.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:32 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!-- @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ --> <sect><heading>SCSI<label id="scsi"></heading> - <p><em>© 1995, &a.wilko;.<newline>3 September 1995.</em> + <p><em>Copyright © 1995, &a.wilko;.<newline>3 September 1995.</em> SCSI is an acronym for Small Computer Systems Interface. It is an ANSI standard that has become one of the leading I/O buses in the @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ After some time an industry effort was started to come to a more strict standard allowing devices from different vendors to work together. - This effort was recognised in the ANSI SCSI-1 standard. The SCSI-1 + This effort was recognized in the ANSI SCSI-1 standard. The SCSI-1 standard (approx 1985) is now more or less obsolete. The current standard is SCSI-2 (see <ref id="scsi:further-reading" name="Further reading">), with SCSI-3 on the drawing boards. @@ -44,27 +44,27 @@ variants. The oldest and most used is an 8 bit wide bus, with single-ended signals, carried on 50 wires. (If you don't know what single-ended means, don't worry, that is what this document is all - about.) Modern designs also use 16 bit wides buses, with + about.) Modern designs also use 16 bit wide buses, with differential signals. This allows transfer speeds of 20Mbytes/second, on cables lengths of up to 25 meters. SCSI-2 - allows a maximum buswidth of 32 bits, using an additional cable. + allows a maximum bus width of 32 bits, using an additional cable. Of course the SCSI bus not only has data lines, but also a number of control signals. A very elaborate protocol is part of the standard to allow multiple devices to share the bus in an efficient - manner. In SCSI-2, the data is always checked using a seperate + manner. In SCSI-2, the data is always checked using a separate parity line. In pre-SCSI-2 designs parity was optional. - In SCSI-3 even faster bustypes are introduced, along with a serial + In SCSI-3 even faster bus types are introduced, along with a serial SCSI bus that reduces the cabling overhead and allows a higher - maximum buslength. + maximum bus length. As you could have guessed from the description above, SCSI devices are intelligent. They have to be to adhere to the SCSI standard (which is over 2 inches thick BTW). So, for a hard disk drive for instance you do not specify a head/cylinder/sector to address a particular block, but simply the number of the block you want. - Elaborate caching schemes, automatic badblock replacement etc + Elaborate caching schemes, automatic bad block replacement etc are all made possible by this 'intelligent device' approach. On a SCSI bus, each possible pair of devices can communicate. If @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ because it is not absolutely sure that the implementation of an old device follows the (old) standard closely enough to be acceptable on a new bus. Modern devices are usually more well-behaved, - because the standardisation has become more strict and is better + because the standardization has become more strict and is better adhered to by the device manufacturers. Generally speaking, the chances of getting a working set of devices on a single bus is better when all the devices are SCSI-2 or newer. This does not @@ -149,11 +149,11 @@ that on a narrow (8 bit) bus 10 Mbytes/sec are possible instead of 5 Mbytes/sec for 'slow' SCSI. More on this later. - It should be noted that the datalines > 8 are only used for - datatransfers and device addressing. The transfers of commands + It should be noted that the data lines > 8 are only used for + data transfers and device addressing. The transfers of commands and status messages etc are only performed on the lowest 8 - datalines. The standard allows narrow devices to operate on - a wide bus. The usable buswidth is negotiated + data lines. The standard allows narrow devices to operate on + a wide bus. The usable bus width is negotiated between the devices. You have to watch your device addressing closely when mixing wide and narrow. @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ 0 Volts (indeed, TTL levels) and are relative to a COMMON ground reference. A singled ended 8 bit SCSI bus has approximately 25 ground lines, who are all tied to a single - 'rail' on all devices. A standard single ended bus has a + `rail' on all devices. A standard single ended bus has a maximum length of 6 meters. If the same bus is used with fast-SCSI devices, the maximum length allowed drops to 3 meters. Fast-SCSI means that instead of 5Mbytes/sec the bus @@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ bus must adhere to the length restrictions for fast buses! It is obvious that with the newer fast-SCSI devices the - buslength can become a real bottleneck. This is why the + bus length can become a real bottleneck. This is why the differential SCSI bus was introduced in the SCSI-2 standard. For connector pinning and connector types please refer to the @@ -236,8 +236,8 @@ reconfigure your SCSI bus. There is enough variation in even these simple tiny things to make finding the exact replacement a frustrating business. There are also SCSI devices that have - a single jumper to enable or disable a builtin terminator. - There are special terminators you can stick onto a flatcable + a single jumper to enable or disable a built-in terminator. + There are special terminators you can stick onto a flat cable bus. Others look like external connectors, so a connector hood without a cable. So, lots of choice as you can see. @@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ from simple resistor (passive) terminators to active terminators. Active terminators contain more or less elaborate circuits to give more clean bus signals. The general consensus - seems to be that the usefullnes of active termination increases + seems to be that the usefulness of active termination increases when you have long buses and/or fast devices. If you ever have problems with your SCSI buses you might consider trying an active terminator. Try to borrow one first, they reputedly are @@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ This is done by means of the SCSI or target ID. Each device has a unique target ID. You can select the ID to which a device - must respond using a set of jumpers, or a dipswitch, or + must respond using a set of jumpers, or a dip switch, or something similar. Consult the documentation of your device for more information. @@ -334,26 +334,26 @@ For an 8 bit bus, a maximum of 8 targets is possible. The maximum is 8 because the selection is done bitwise using the 8 - datalines on the bus. For wide this increases to the number of - datalines. + data lines on the bus. For wide this increases to the number of + data lines. The higher the SCSI target ID, the higher the priority the devices has. When it comes to arbitration between devices that want to use the bus at the same time, the device that has the highest SCSI ID will win. This also means that the SCSI - hostadapter usually uses target ID 7 (for narrow buses). + host adapter usually uses target ID 7 (for narrow buses). For a further subdivision, the standard allows for Logical Units or LUNs for short. A single target ID may have multiple LUNs. For example, a tape device including a tape changer may have LUN 0 for the tape device itself, and LUN 1 for the - tapechanger. In this way, the host system can address each of + tape changer. In this way, the host system can address each of the parts of the tape unit as desired. <sect2><heading>Bus layout</heading> <p> SCSI buses are linear. So, not shaped like Y-junctions, star - topologies, cobwebbs or whatever else people might want to + topologies, cobwebs or whatever else people might want to invent. You might notice that the terminator issue discussed earlier @@ -375,8 +375,8 @@ When you want to use a SCSI disk on your PC as boot disk, you must aware of some quirks related to PC BIOSes. The PC BIOS in it's first incarnation used a low level physical interface to the - harddisk. So, you had to tell the BIOS (using a setup tool or a - BIOS builtin setup) how your disk physically looked like. This + hard disk. So, you had to tell the BIOS (using a setup tool or a + BIOS built-in setup) how your disk physically looked like. This involved stating number of heads, number of cylinders, number of sectors per track, obscure things like precompensation and reduced write current cylinder etc. @@ -388,9 +388,9 @@ The SCSI host adapter or SCSI controller you have put in your AT/EISA/PCI/whatever bus to connect your disk therefore has it's - own onboard BIOS. During system startup, the SCSI BIOS takes over - the harddisk interface routines from the system BIOS. To fool the - system BIOS, the system setup is normally set to No harddisk + own on-board BIOS. During system startup, the SCSI BIOS takes over + the hard disk interface routines from the system BIOS. To fool the + system BIOS, the system setup is normally set to No hard disk present. Obvious, isn't it? The SCSI BIOS itself presents to the system a so called @@ -405,8 +405,8 @@ Right.. All is well now?! No, it isn't. The system BIOS has another quirk you might run into. The number of cylinders of a - bootable harddisk cannot be greater than 1024. Using the - translation above, this is a showstopper for disks greater than + bootable hard disk cannot be greater than 1024. Using the + translation above, this is a show-stopper for disks greater than 1 Gb. With disk capacities going up all the time this is causing problems. @@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ translated values your host adapter uses. Failing to observe the translation issue might be un-bootable systems or - operating systems overwriting eachothers partitions. Using fdisk + operating systems overwriting each others partitions. Using fdisk you should be able to see all partitions. As promised earlier: what is this talk about 'lying' devices? As @@ -464,12 +464,12 @@ Feb 9 19:33:46 yedi /386bsd: sd0: 636MB (1303250 total sec), 1632 cyl, 15 head, The multi level design allows a decoupling of low-level bit banging and more high level stuff. Adding support for another - piece of hardware is a much more managable problem. + piece of hardware is a much more manageable problem. <sect2><heading>Kernel configuration</heading> <p> Dependent on your hardware, the kernel configuration file must - contain one or more lines describing your hostadapter(s). + contain one or more lines describing your host adapter(s). This includes I/O addresses, interrupts etc. Consult the man page for your adapter driver to get more info. Apart from that, check out @@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ device cd0 #Only need one of these, the code dynamically grows &lsq above will work fine when you have only 2 SCSI disks. Use <tt>man 4 scsi</tt> to check for the latest info on the SCSI - subsystem. For more detailed info on hostadapter drivers use eg + subsystem. For more detailed info on host adapter drivers use eg <tt>man 4 aha</tt> for info on the Adaptec 154x driver. <sect2><heading>Tuning your SCSI kernel setup</heading> @@ -598,13 +598,13 @@ device cd0 #Only need one of these, the code dynamically grows &lsq To work around this problem, FreeBSD allows a tunable delay time before the SCSI devices are probed following a SCSI bus reset. You can set this - delaytime in your kernel configuration file using a line like: + delay time in your kernel configuration file using a line like: <verb> options "SCSI_DELAY=15" #Be pessimistic about Joe SCSI device </verb> This line sets the delay time to 15 seconds. On my own system I had to - use 3 seconds minimum to get my trusty old CDROM drive to be recognised. + use 3 seconds minimum to get my trusty old CDROM drive to be recognized. Start with a high value (say 30 seconds or so) when you have problems with device recognition. If this helps, tune it back until it just stays working. @@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ options "SCSI_DELAY=15" #Be pessimistic about Joe SCSI device Some vendors do a better job then others. This is exactly where the 'rogue' devices come into view. Rogues are - devices that are recognised by the FreeBSD kernel as behaving slightly + devices that are recognized by the FreeBSD kernel as behaving slightly (...) non-standard. Rogue devices are reported by the kernel when booting. An example for two of my cartridge tape units: @@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ Mar 29 21:16:37 yedi /386bsd: st1: Archive Viper 150 is a known rogue believing that there are 8 LUNs at that particular target ID. The confusion this causes is left as an exercise to the user. - The SCSI subsystem of FreeBSD recognises devices with bad habits by + The SCSI subsystem of FreeBSD recognizes devices with bad habits by looking at the INQUIRY response they send when probed. Because the INQUIRY response also includes the version number of the device firmware, it is even possible that for different firmware versions @@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ Mar 29 21:16:37 yedi /386bsd: st1: Archive Viper 150 is a known rogue FreeBSD. It must be noted however that there might be some rough edges. For instance an Adaptec 1542 controller can be set to use different - transferspeeds on the host bus (ISA or AT in this case). The controller + transfer speeds on the host bus (ISA or AT in this case). The controller is settable to different rates because not all motherboards can handle the higher speeds. Problems like hangups, bad data etc might be the result of using a higher data transfer rate then your motherboard @@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ options "TUNE_1542" #dynamic tune of bus DMA speed <item> Make a minimal bus config with as little devices as possible. <item> - If possible, configure your hostadapter to use slow bus speeds. + If possible, configure your host adapter to use slow bus speeds. </itemize> <sect1><heading>Further reading<label id="scsi:further-reading"></heading> @@ -760,6 +760,6 @@ Suite 214, 1210 S. Bascom Ave., San Jose, CA 92128, (408) 293-0800 are noteworthy places to look for more info. You can also find the SCSI-Faq there, which is posted periodically. - Most major SCSI device and hostadapter suppliers operate ftp sites + Most major SCSI device and host adapter suppliers operate ftp sites and/or BBS systems. They may be valuable sources of information about the devices you own. diff --git a/handbook/sections.sgml b/handbook/sections.sgml index a5f50d4078..dec6f294dd 100644 --- a/handbook/sections.sgml +++ b/handbook/sections.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: sections.sgml,v 1.1 1995-09-03 21:12:29 jfieber Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: sections.sgml,v 1.1.2.1 1995-10-12 03:16:34 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <!-- Entities containing all the pieces of the handbook are --> @@ -10,9 +10,12 @@ <!ENTITY contrib SYSTEM "contrib.sgml"> <!ENTITY ctm SYSTEM "ctm.sgml"> <!ENTITY current SYSTEM "current.sgml"> +<!ENTITY crypt SYSTEM "crypt.sgml"> <!ENTITY dialup SYSTEM "dialup.sgml"> <!ENTITY diskless SYSTEM "diskless.sgml"> +<!ENTITY dma SYSTEM "dma.sgml"> <!ENTITY eresources SYSTEM "eresources.sgml"> +<!ENTITY esdi SYSTEM "esdi.sgml"> <!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "glossary.sgml"> <!ENTITY history SYSTEM "history.sgml"> <!ENTITY hw SYSTEM "hw.sgml"> @@ -27,8 +30,11 @@ <!ENTITY porting SYSTEM "porting.sgml"> <!ENTITY ports SYSTEM "ports.sgml"> <!ENTITY ppp SYSTEM "ppp.sgml"> +<!ENTITY printing SYSTEM "printing.sgml"> <!ENTITY relnotes SYSTEM "relnotes.sgml"> +<!ENTITY routing SYSTEM "routing.sgml"> <!ENTITY scsi SYSTEM "scsi.sgml"> +<!ENTITY skey SYSTEM "skey.sgml"> <!ENTITY slipc SYSTEM "slipc.sgml"> <!ENTITY slips SYSTEM "slips.sgml"> <!ENTITY submitters SYSTEM "submitters.sgml"> diff --git a/handbook/slipc.sgml b/handbook/slipc.sgml index 04a357ec76..1987dcc16c 100644 --- a/handbook/slipc.sgml +++ b/handbook/slipc.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: slipc.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-09-17 11:19:41 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: slipc.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.3 1995-10-12 03:16:35 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <sect><heading>Setting up a SLIP client<label id="slipc"></heading> @@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ mileage may vary. --> First, determine which serial port your modem is connected to. I have -a symbolic link /dev/modem -> cuaa1, and only use the modem name in my +a symbolic link <tt>/dev/modem -> cuaa1</tt>, and only use the modem name in my configuration files. It can become quite cumbersome when you need to -fix a bunch of files in /etc and .kermrc's all over the system! (Note -that /dev/cuaa0 is COM1, cuaa1 is COM2, etc.) +fix a bunch of files in <tt>/etc</tt> and <tt>.kermrc</tt>'s all over the system! (Note +that <tt>/dev/cuaa0</tt> is COM1, <tt>cuaa1</tt> is COM2, etc.) Make sure you have <verb> diff --git a/handbook/submitters.sgml b/handbook/submitters.sgml index 0107139f71..677b054828 100644 --- a/handbook/submitters.sgml +++ b/handbook/submitters.sgml @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ -<!-- $Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:43 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:37 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt><heading>Contributing to FreeBSD<label id="submitters"></heading> <p><em>Contributed by &a.jkh;.</em> -This guide is intended for those who are moderately familar with +This guide is intended for those who are moderately familiar with FreeBSD and have reached a point where they have some locally developed customizations or fixes to the system which they'd like to incorporate back into the mainstream sources. Submitting something to @@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ are also what FreeBSD lives and grows from, so your contributions are very important to the continued survival of this communal effort of ours---we're very glad to see you reading this document! -Submissions to FreeBSD can generally be classified into four catagories: +Submissions to FreeBSD can generally be classified into four categories: <enum> <item>Ideas, general suggestions, bug reports. <item>Changes to existing sources. -<item>Significant contribution of a large body of independant work. +<item>Significant contribution of a large body of independent work. <item>Porting of freely available software. </enum> -A submission in <em>any</em> of these catagories is highly welcomed as they +A submission in <em>any</em> of these categories is highly welcomed as they are each, in their own way, quite significant to the project. @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ are each, in their own way, quite significant to the project. Likewise, people with an interest in such things (and a tolerance for a <em>high</em> volume of mail!) may - subscribe to the hackers mailing list by sendimg mail to + subscribe to the hackers mailing list by sending mail to <tt><majordomo@freebsd.org></tt>. See <ref id="eresources:mail" name="mailing lists"> for more information about this and other mailing lists. @@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ are each, in their own way, quite significant to the project. FreeBSD maintainers. This is done with the <tt>diff(1)</tt> command, with the `context diff' form being preferred. For example: <tscreen><verb> -diff -c <oldfile> <newfile> +diff -c oldfile newfile </verb></tscreen> or <tscreen><verb> -diff -c -r <olddir> <newdir> +diff -c -r olddir newdir </verb></tscreen> would generate such a set of context diffs for the given source file or directory hierarchy. See the man page for <tt>diff(1)</tt> for more @@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ diff -c -r <olddir> <newdir> additional contributions under this license. Code under the GPL also goes into a different part of the tree, that being <tt>/sys/gnu</tt> or <tt>/usr/src/gnu</tt>, and is therefore - easily identifable to anyone for whom the GPL presents a problem. + easily identifiable to anyone for whom the GPL presents a problem. </enum> <p>Contributions coming under any other type of copyright must be @@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. - $Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.2.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:43 davidg Exp $ + $Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:37 jfieber Exp $ </verb></tscreen> For your convenience, a copy of this text can be found in <tt>/usr/share/examples/etc/bsd-style-copyright</tt>. diff --git a/handbook/sup.sgml b/handbook/sup.sgml index 151d5be777..aaa4b17df7 100644 --- a/handbook/sup.sgml +++ b/handbook/sup.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: sup.sgml,v 1.2.4.2 1995-09-17 11:19:44 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: sup.sgml,v 1.2.4.3 1995-10-12 03:16:39 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> @@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ way of doing this is to grab the sup.tgz package from: ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.ORG:/pub/FreeBSD/packages/sup.tgz </verb> Install the sup package using pkg_add and add the following line to -your /etc/services file: +your /etc/services file (if it doesn't already exist): <verb> - sup 871/tcp #sup + supfilesrv 871/tcp # for SUP </verb> SUP gets the information it needs to run from a configuration file called a supfile. This file tells sup what collections it will be updating and/or installing and where they go. The supfile in this directory will -sup both the source and ports collection - look for the blank line seperating +sup both the source and ports collection - look for the blank line separating the two collections; if you don't want ports, you can simply delete all the ports entries. If you're inside the United States, you may also uncomment the `secure' collection line to grab the DES code. If you're outside the @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ collection and then go look on braae.ru.ac.za, where it's available for anonymous ftp for those outside the U.S. Any other distributions you do not wish to receive can be commented out -with a # at the begining of the distribution line. +with a # at the beginning of the distribution line. Once this is setup, you're ready to go. To start sup type: <verb> diff --git a/handbook/troubleshooting.sgml b/handbook/troubleshooting.sgml index 4420c6d6aa..342bc2677f 100644 --- a/handbook/troubleshooting.sgml +++ b/handbook/troubleshooting.sgml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -<!-- $Id: troubleshooting.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.1 1995-09-17 11:19:45 davidg Exp $ --> +<!-- $Id: troubleshooting.sgml,v 1.1.1.1.4.2 1995-10-12 03:16:40 jfieber Exp $ --> <!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project --> <chapt><heading>Troubleshooting<label id="troubleshooting"></heading> |