# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
# Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project
# This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package.
# Fernando  Apesteguía <fernando.apesteguia@gmail.com>, 2021, 2022.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-02-01 09:21-0300\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-09-08 21:05+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Fernando  Apesteguía <fernando.apesteguia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <https://translate-dev.freebsd.org/projects/"
"documentation/articlesnew-users_index/es/>\n"
"Language: es\n"
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"X-Generator: Weblate 4.10.1\n"

#. type: YAML Front Matter: description
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:1
#, no-wrap
msgid "Introduction for people new to both FreeBSD and UNIX®"
msgstr "Introducción para gente que es nueva tanto en FreeBSD como en UNIX(R)"

#. type: YAML Front Matter: title
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:1
#, no-wrap
msgid "For People New to Both FreeBSD and UNIX®"
msgstr "Para Gente Nueva en FreeBSD y UNIX(R)"

#. type: Title =
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:11
#, no-wrap
msgid "For People New to Both FreeBSD and UNIX(R)"
msgstr "Para Gente Nueva en FreeBSD y UNIX(R)"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:44
msgid "Abstract"
msgstr "Resumen"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:46
msgid ""
"Congratulations on installing FreeBSD! This introduction is for people new "
"to both FreeBSD _and_ UNIX(R)-so it starts with basics."
msgstr ""
"¡Enhorabuena por instalar FreeBSD! Esta introducción es para gente nueva en "
"FreeBSD _y_ en UNIX(R) - así que se comienza con lo básico."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:48
msgid "'''"
msgstr "'''"

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:52
#, no-wrap
msgid "Logging in and Getting Out"
msgstr "Iniciar sesión y salir"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:58
msgid ""
"Log in (when you see `login:`) as a user you created during installation or "
"as `root`.  (Your FreeBSD installation will already have an account for "
"`root`; who can go anywhere and do anything, including deleting essential "
"files, so be careful!)  The symbols % and # in the following stand for the "
"prompt (yours may be different), with % indicating an ordinary user and # "
"indicating `root`."
msgstr ""
"Inicia sesión (cuando ves `login:`) como un usuario que has creado durante "
"la instalación o como `root`.  (Tu instalación de FreeBSD ya tendrá una "
"cuenta para `root`; quien puede ir a cualquier sitio y hacer de todo, "
"incluyendo borrar ficheros esenciales, así que ¡ten cuidado!) Los símbolos % "
"y # en lo que sigue significan prompt (el tuyo podría ser diferente), con % "
"indicando un usuario ordinario y # para indicar `root`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:60
msgid "To log out (and get a new `login:` prompt) type"
msgstr "Para cerrar sesión (y obtener un nuevo prompt `login:`) teclea"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:64
#, no-wrap
msgid "# exit\n"
msgstr "# exit\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:68
msgid ""
"as often as necessary.  Yes, press kbd:[enter] after commands, and remember "
"that UNIX(R) is case-sensitive-``exit``, not `EXIT`."
msgstr ""
"tantas veces como sea necesario. Sí, presiona kbd:[enter] después de los "
"comandos y recuerda que UNIX(R) distingue entre mayúsculas y minúsculas - "
"``exit``, no `EXIT`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:70
msgid "To shut down the machine type"
msgstr "Para apagar el ordenador, escribe"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:74
#, no-wrap
msgid "# /sbin/shutdown -h now\n"
msgstr "# /sbin/shutdown -h now\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:77
msgid "Or to reboot type"
msgstr "O para reiniciar, escribe"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:81
#, no-wrap
msgid "# /sbin/shutdown -r now\n"
msgstr "# /sbin/shutdown -r now\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:84
msgid "or"
msgstr "o"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:88
#, no-wrap
msgid "# /sbin/reboot\n"
msgstr "# /sbin/reboot\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:94
msgid ""
"You can also reboot with kbd:[Ctrl+Alt+Delete].  Give it a little time to do "
"its work.  This is equivalent to `/sbin/reboot` in recent releases of "
"FreeBSD and is much, much better than hitting the reset button.  You do not "
"want to have to reinstall this thing, do you?"
msgstr ""
"También puedes reiniciar con kbd:[Ctrl+Alt+Delete]. Dale un poco de tiempo "
"para que haga su trabajo. Es equivalente a `/sbin/reboot` en versiones "
"recientes de FreeBSD y es mucho, mucho mejor que presionar el botón de "
"reset. No quieres tener que reinstalar esto ¿verdad?"

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:96
#, no-wrap
msgid "Adding a User with Root Privileges"
msgstr "Agregar un Usuario con Privilegios de Root"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:99
msgid ""
"If you did not create any users when you installed the system and are thus "
"logged in as `root`, you should probably create a user now with"
msgstr ""
"Si no creaste un usuario cuando instalaste el sistema y por lo tanto has "
"iniciado sesión como `root`, probablemente deberías crear uno ahora con"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:103
#, no-wrap
msgid "# adduser\n"
msgstr "# adduser\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:109
msgid ""
"The first time you use `adduser`, it might ask for some defaults to save.  "
"You might want to make the default shell man:csh[1] instead of man:sh[1], if "
"it suggests `sh` as the default.  Otherwise just press enter to accept each "
"default.  These defaults are saved in [.filename]#/etc/adduser.conf#, an "
"editable file."
msgstr ""
"La primera vez que usas `adduser`, podría preguntar por algunos valores por "
"defecto para guardarlos. Podrías querer hacer que el shell por defecto fuera "
"man:csh[1], si sugiere que el valor por defecto es `sh`. De lo contrario, "
"simplemente presiona enter para aceptar cada valor por defecto. Estos "
"valores por defecto se salvan en [.filename]#/etc/adduser.conf#, un fichero "
"que se puede editar."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:113
msgid ""
"Suppose you create a user `jack` with full name _Jack Benimble_.  Give "
"`jack` a password if security (even kids around who might pound on the "
"keyboard) is an issue.  When it asks you if you want to invite `jack` into "
"other groups, type `wheel`"
msgstr ""
"Imagina que creas un usuario `jack` con nombre completo _Jack Benimble_. "
"Asigna a `jack` una contraseña si la seguridad (incluso si son niños cerca "
"que podrían acceder al teclado) es un problema. Cuando te pregunte si "
"quieres invitar a `jack` a otros grupos, teclea `wheel`"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:117
#, no-wrap
msgid "Login group is \"jack\". Invite jack into other groups: wheel\n"
msgstr "Login group is \"jack\". Invite jack into other groups: wheel\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:121
msgid ""
"This will make it possible to log in as `jack` and use the man:su[1] command "
"to become `root`.  Then you will not get scolded any more for logging in as "
"`root`."
msgstr ""
"Esto hará posible iniciar sesión como `jack` y usar el comando man:su[1] "
"para convertirse en `root`. Después ya no serás reprendido nunca más por "
"iniciar sesión como `root`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:124
msgid ""
"You can quit `adduser` any time by typing kbd:[Ctrl+C], and at the end you "
"will have a chance to approve your new user or simply type kbd:[n] for no.  "
"You might want to create a second new user so that when you edit `jack`'s "
"login files, you will have a hot spare in case something goes wrong."
msgstr ""
"Puedes salir de `adduser` en cualquier momento tecleando kbd:[Ctrl+C], y al "
"final tendrás la oportunidad de aprobar el nuevo usuario o simplemente "
"teclear kbd:[n] para no hacerlo. Podrías querer crear un segundo usuario de "
"forma que cuando edites los ficheros de inicio de sesión de `jack` tengas un "
"repuesto en caso de que algo salga mal."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:127
msgid ""
"Once you have done this, use `exit` to get back to a login prompt and log in "
"as `jack`.  In general, it is a good idea to do as much work as possible as "
"an ordinary user who does not have the power-and risk-of `root`."
msgstr ""
"Una vez hecho esto, utiliza `exit` para volver al prompt de login e inicia "
"sesión como `jack`. En general, es una buena idea hacer todo el trabajo que "
"sea posible como un usuario ordinario que no tiene el poder - y el riesgo - "
"de `root`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:130
msgid ""
"If you already created a user and you want the user to be able to `su` to "
"`root`, you can log in as `root` and edit the file [.filename]#/etc/group#, "
"adding `jack` to the first line (the group `wheel`).  But first you need to "
"practice man:vi[1], the text editor-or use the simpler text editor, man:"
"ee[1], installed on recent versions of FreeBSD."
msgstr ""
"Si ya has creado un usuario y quieres que el usuario sea capaz de hacer `su` "
"a `root`, puedes iniciar sesión como `root` y editar el fichero [.filename]#/"
"etc/group#, añadiendo `jack` a la primera línea (el grupo `wheel`). Pero "
"primero necesitas practicar con man:vi[1], el editor de texto - o usa el "
"editor de texto man:ee[1], más sencillo y que viene instalado en versiones "
"recientes de FreeBSD."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:132
msgid "To delete a user, use `rmuser`."
msgstr "Para eliminar un usuario, utiliza `rmuser`."

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:134
#, no-wrap
msgid "Looking Around"
msgstr "Echando un vistazo"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:137
msgid ""
"Logged in as an ordinary user, look around and try out some commands that "
"will access the sources of help and information within FreeBSD."
msgstr ""
"Inicie sesión como un usuario normal, eche un vistazo y pruebe algunos "
"comandos que accederán a las fuentes de ayuda e información de FreeBSD."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:139
msgid "Here are some commands and what they do:"
msgstr "Aquí se describen algunos comandos y lo que hacen:"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:140
#, no-wrap
msgid "`id`"
msgstr "`id`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:142
msgid "Tells you who you are!"
msgstr "¡Te dice quién eres!"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:143
#, no-wrap
msgid "`pwd`"
msgstr "`pwd`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:145
msgid "Shows you where you are-the current working directory."
msgstr "Te muestra dónde estás—el directorio de trabajo actual."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:146
#, no-wrap
msgid "`ls`"
msgstr "`ls`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:148
msgid "Lists the files in the current directory."
msgstr "Lista los archivos en el directorio actual."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:149
#, no-wrap
msgid "`ls -F`"
msgstr "`ls -F`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:151
msgid ""
"Lists the files in the current directory with a * after executables, a `/` "
"after directories, and an `@` after symbolic links."
msgstr ""
"Lista los ficheros en el directorio actual con un * después de los ficheros "
"ejecutables, un `/` después de los directorios, y una `@` después de los "
"enlaces simbólicos."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:152
#, no-wrap
msgid "`ls -l`"
msgstr "`ls -l`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:154
msgid "Lists the files in long format-size, date, permissions."
msgstr "Muestra los archivos en formato largo: tamaño, fecha, permisos."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:155
#, no-wrap
msgid "`ls -a`"
msgstr "`ls -a`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:158
msgid ""
"Lists hidden \"dot\" files with the others.  If you are `root`, the \"dot\" "
"files show up without the `-a` switch."
msgstr ""
"Lista ficheros ocultos \"dot\" junto a los demás. Si eres `root`, los "
"ficheros \"dot\" se muestran sin necesidad de usar la opción `-a`."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:159
#, no-wrap
msgid "`cd`"
msgstr "`cd`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:163
msgid ""
"Changes directories. `cd ..` backs up one level; note the space after `cd`.  "
"`cd /usr/local` goes there. `cd ~` goes to the home directory of the person "
"logged in-e.g., [.filename]#/usr/home/jack#.  Try `cd /cdrom`, and then "
"`ls`, to find out if your CDROM is mounted and working."
msgstr ""
"Cambia directorios. `cd ..` vuelve hacia atrás un nivel; fíjate en el "
"espacio después de `cd`. `cd /usr/local` va a ese directorio. `cd ~` va al "
"directorio home del usuario que ha iniciado sesión, por ejemplo, [."
"filename]#/usr/home/jack#. Prueba `cd /cdrom`, y luego `ls`, para ver si tu "
"CDROM está montado y funcionando."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:164
#, no-wrap
msgid "`less _filename_`"
msgstr "`less _filename_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:168
msgid ""
"Lets you look at a file (named _filename_) without changing it.  Try `less /"
"etc/fstab`.  Type `q` to quit."
msgstr ""
"Te permite ver el fichero (llamado _filename_) sin cambiarlo. Prueba `less /"
"etc/fstab`. Teclea `q` para salir."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:169
#, no-wrap
msgid "`cat _filename_`"
msgstr "`cat _filename_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:174
msgid ""
"Displays _filename_ on screen.  If it is too long and you can see only the "
"end of it, press kbd:[ScrollLock] and use the kbd:[up-arrow] to move "
"backward; you can use kbd:[ScrollLock] with manual pages too.  Press kbd:"
"[ScrollLock] again to quit scrolling.  You might want to try `cat` on some "
"of the dot files in your home directory-`cat .cshrc`, `cat .login`, `cat ."
"profile`."
msgstr ""
"Muestra _filename_ por pantalla. Si es muy largo y sólo puedes ver la última "
"parte, presiona kbd:[ScrollLock] y utiliza kbd:[up-arrow] para moverte hacia "
"atrás; puedes usar kbd:[ScrollLock] también con páginas del manual. Presiona "
"kbd:[ScrollLock] de nuevo para salir. Podrías querer probar `cat` en algunos "
"de los ficheros dot en tu directorio home-`cat .cshrc`, `cat .login`, `cat ."
"profile`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:178
msgid ""
"You will notice aliases in [.filename]#.cshrc# for some of the `ls` commands "
"(they are very convenient).  You can create other aliases by editing [."
"filename]#.cshrc#.  You can make these aliases available to all users on the "
"system by putting them in the system-wide `csh` configuration file, [."
"filename]#/etc/csh.cshrc#."
msgstr ""
"Notarás que hay alias en [.filename]#.cshrc# para algunos de los comandos "
"`ls` (son muy útiles). Puedes crear otros alias editando [.filename]#.cshrc#"
". Puedes poner estos alias disponibles para todos los usuarios del sistema "
"poniéndolos en el fichero de configuración de `csh` a nivel de sistema, en [."
"filename]#/etc/csh.cshrc#."

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:180
#, no-wrap
msgid "Getting Help and Information"
msgstr "Obteniendo ayuda e información"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:184
msgid ""
"Here are some useful sources of help.  _Text_ stands for something of your "
"choice that you type in-usually a command or filename."
msgstr ""
"Aquí hay algunas fuentes de ayuda. _Text_ significa algo que escojas tú y "
"que teclees-normalmente un comando o un nombre de fichero."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:185
#, no-wrap
msgid "`apropos _text_`"
msgstr "`apropos _text_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:187
msgid "Everything containing string _text_ in the `whatis database`."
msgstr "Todo lo que contenta la cadena _text_ en la `base de datos whatis`."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:188
#, no-wrap
msgid "`man _text_`"
msgstr "`man _text_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:193
msgid ""
"The manual page for _text_.  The major source of documentation for UNIX(R) "
"systems.  `man ls` will tell you all the ways to use `ls`.  Press kbd:"
"[Enter] to move through text, kbd:[Ctrl+B] to go back a page, kbd:[Ctrl+F] "
"to go forward, kbd:[q] or kbd:[Ctrl+C] to quit."
msgstr ""
"La página del manual para _text_. La mayor fuente de documentación de los "
"sistemas UNIX(R). `man ls` te dirá de qué forma se puede usar `ls`. Presiona "
"kbd:[Enter] para moverte por el texto, kbd:[Ctrl+B] para volver atrás una "
"página, kbd:[Ctrl+F] para avanzar, kbd:[q] o kbd:[Ctrl+C] para salir."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:194
#, no-wrap
msgid "`which _text_`"
msgstr "`which _text_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:196
msgid "Tells you where in the user's path the command _text_ is found."
msgstr "Te dice dónde se encuentra el comando _text_ en el path del usuario."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:197
#, no-wrap
msgid "`locate _text_`"
msgstr "`locate _text_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:199
msgid "All the paths where the string _text_ is found."
msgstr "Todas las rutas donde se encuentra la cadena _text_."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:200
#, no-wrap
msgid "`whatis _text_`"
msgstr "`whatis _text_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:203
msgid ""
"Tells you what the command _text_ does and its manual page.  Typing `whatis "
"*` will tell you about all the binaries in the current directory."
msgstr ""
"Te dice lo que hace el comando _text_ y cuál es su página de manual. Teclear "
"`whatis *` te dará información acerca de todos los binarios en el directorio "
"actual."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:204
#, no-wrap
msgid "`whereis _text_`"
msgstr "`whereis _text_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:206
msgid "Finds the file _text_, giving its full path."
msgstr "Encuentra el fichero _text_, devolviendo su ruta completa."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:210
msgid ""
"You might want to try using `whatis` on some common useful commands like "
"`cat`, `more`, `grep`, `mv`, `find`, `tar`, `chmod`, `chown`, `date`, and "
"`script`.  `more` lets you read a page at a time as it does in DOS, e.g., "
"`ls -l | more` or `more _filename_`.  The * works as a wildcard-e.g., `ls "
"w*` will show you files beginning with `w`."
msgstr ""
"Podrías querer probar a usar `whatis` en algunos comandos útiles y comunes "
"como  `cat`, `more`, `grep`, `mv`, `find`, `tar`, `chmod`, `chown`, `date`, "
"and `script`.  `more` te permite leer una página cada vez como hace en DOS, "
"por ejemplo, `ls -l | more` o `more _filename_`. El * funciona como un "
"wildcard, por ejemplo, `ls w*` mostrará todos los ficheros que empiezan por "
"`w`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:214
msgid ""
"Are some of these not working very well? Both man:locate[1] and man:"
"whatis[1] depend on a database that is rebuilt weekly.  If your machine is "
"not going to be left on over the weekend (and running FreeBSD), you might "
"want to run the commands for daily, weekly, and monthly maintenance now and "
"then.  Run them as `root` and, for now, give each one time to finish before "
"you start the next one."
msgstr ""
"¿Algunos de estos no funcionan muy bien? Tanto man:locate[1] como "
"man:whatis[1] dependen de una base de datos que se reconstruye semanalmente. "
"Si tu máquina no va a estar encendida durante el fin de semana (y ejecutando "
"FreeBSD), podrías querer ejecutar estos comandos de mantenimiento "
"diariamente, semanalmente, y mensualmente de vez en cuando. Ejecútalos como "
"`root` y, de momento, dale tiempo a que termine cada uno antes de empezar "
"con el siguiente."

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:223
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"# periodic daily\n"
"output omitted\n"
"# periodic weekly\n"
"output omitted\n"
"# periodic monthly\n"
"output omitted\n"
msgstr ""
"# periodic daily\n"
"output omitted\n"
"# periodic weekly\n"
"output omitted\n"
"# periodic monthly\n"
"output omitted\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:229
msgid ""
"If you get tired of waiting, press kbd:[Alt+F2] to get another _virtual "
"console_, and log in again.  After all, it is a multi-user, multi-tasking "
"system.  Nevertheless these commands will probably flash messages on your "
"screen while they are running; you can type `clear` at the prompt to clear "
"the screen.  Once they have run, you might want to look at [.filename]#/var/"
"mail/root# and [.filename]#/var/log/messages#."
msgstr ""
"Si te cansas de esperar, presiona kbd:[Alt+F2] para ir a otra _consola "
"virtual_ e iniciar sesión de nuevo. Después de todo, es un sistema "
"multiusuario y multitarea. De todas formas estos comandos probablemente "
"mostrarán mensajes en la pantalla mientas se ejecutan; puedes teclear `clear`"
" en el prompt para limpiar la pantalla. Una vez que han terminado, podrías "
"mirar en [.filename]#/var/mail/root# y [.filename]#/var/log/messages#."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:235
msgid ""
"Running such commands is part of system administration-and as a single user "
"of a UNIX(R) system, you are your own system administrator.  Virtually "
"everything you need to be `root` to do is system administration.  Such "
"responsibilities are not covered very well even in those big fat books on "
"UNIX(R), which seem to devote a lot of space to pulling down menus in "
"windows managers.  You might want to get one of the two leading books on "
"systems administration, either Evi Nemeth et.al.'s UNIX System "
"Administration Handbook (Prentice-Hall, 1995, ISBN 0-13-15051-7)-the second "
"edition with the red cover; or Æleen Frisch's Essential System "
"Administration (O'Reilly & Associates, 2002, ISBN 0-596-00343-9).  I used "
"Nemeth."
msgstr ""
"Ejecutar dichos comandos es parte de la administración del sistema-y como "
"único usuario de un sistema UNIX(R), tú eres el único administrador. "
"Virtualmente todo lo que necesitas hacer como `root` es administración del "
"sistema. Estas responsabilidades no están bien cubiertas incluso en esos "
"libros gordos de UNIX(R), que parecen dedicar mucho espacio a desplegar "
"menús en gestores de ventanas. Podrías querer obtener uno de los dos libros "
"líderes en administración de sistemas, bien Evi Nemeth et.al.'s UNIX System "
"Administration Handbook (Prentice-Hall, 1995, ISBN 0-13-15051-7)-la segunda "
"edición con la cubierta roja; o Æleen Frisch's Essential System "
"Administration (O'Reilly & Associates, 2002, ISBN 0-596-00343-9). Yo uso "
"Nemeth."

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:237
#, no-wrap
msgid "Editing Text"
msgstr "Editando texto"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:243
msgid ""
"To configure your system, you need to edit text files.  Most of them will be "
"in the [.filename]#/etc# directory; and you will need to `su` to `root` to "
"be able to change them.  You can use the easy `ee`, but in the long run the "
"text editor `vi` is worth learning.  There is an excellent tutorial on vi in "
"[.filename]#/usr/src/contrib/nvi/docs/tutorial#, if you have the system "
"sources installed."
msgstr ""
"Para configurar tu sistema, necesitas editar ficheros de texto. La mayoría "
"de ellos estarán en el directorio [.filename]#/etc#; y necesitarás hacer `su`"
" a `root` para poder cambiarlos. Puedes usar el sencillo `ee`, pero a la "
"larga merece la pena aprender `vi`. Hay un tutorial excelente de vi en [."
"filename]#/usr/src/contrib/nvi/docs/tutorial#, si tienes instaladas los "
"fuentes del sistema."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:247
msgid ""
"Before you edit a file, you should probably back it up.  Suppose you want to "
"edit [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#.  You could just use `cd /etc` to get to the "
"[.filename]#/etc# directory and do:"
msgstr ""
"Antes de editar un fichero, probablemente deberías hacer una copia de "
"seguridad. Imagina que quieres editar [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#. podrías "
"utilizar `cd /etc` para ir al directorio [.filename]#/etc# y hacer:"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:251
#, no-wrap
msgid "# cp rc.conf rc.conf.orig\n"
msgstr "# cp rc.conf rc.conf.orig\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:255
msgid ""
"This would copy [.filename]#rc.conf# to [.filename]#rc.conf.orig#, and you "
"could later copy [.filename]#rc.conf.orig# to [.filename]#rc.conf# to "
"recover the original.  But even better would be moving (renaming) and then "
"copying back:"
msgstr ""
"Esto copiaría [.filename]#rc.conf# a [.filename]#rc.conf.orig#, y después "
"copiarías [.filename]#rc.conf.orig# a [.filename]#rc.conf# para recuperar el "
"original. Pero sería incluso mejor mover (renombrar) y luego copiarlo de "
"vuelta:"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:260
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"# mv rc.conf rc.conf.orig\n"
"# cp rc.conf.orig rc.conf\n"
msgstr ""
"# mv rc.conf rc.conf.orig\n"
"# cp rc.conf.orig rc.conf\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:265
msgid ""
"because `mv` preserves the original date and owner of the file.  You can now "
"edit [.filename]#rc.conf#.  If you want the original back, you would then "
"`mv rc.conf rc.conf.myedit` (assuming you want to preserve your edited "
"version) and then"
msgstr ""
"porque `mv` conserva la fecha y propietario originales del fichero. Ahora ya "
"puedes editar [.filename]#rc.conf#. Si quieres recuperar el original, harías "
"`mv rc.conf rc.conf.myedit` (asumiendo que quieres mantener la versión "
"editada) y luego"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:269
#, no-wrap
msgid "# mv rc.conf.orig rc.conf\n"
msgstr "# mv rc.conf.orig rc.conf\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:272
msgid "to put things back the way they were."
msgstr "para dejar las cosas como estaban."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:274
msgid "To edit a file, type"
msgstr "Para editar un fichero, escribe"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:278
#, no-wrap
msgid "# vi filename\n"
msgstr "# vi filename\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:283
msgid ""
"Move through the text with the arrow keys.  kbd:[Esc] (the escape key) puts "
"`vi` in command mode.  Here are some commands:"
msgstr ""
"Muévete por el texto con las teclas de dirección. kbd:[Esc] (la tecla de "
"escape) pone a `vi` en modo comando. Aquí hay algunos comandos:"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:284
#, no-wrap
msgid "`x`"
msgstr "`x`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:286
msgid "delete letter the cursor is on"
msgstr "borra la letra que se encuentre en la posición del cursor"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:287
#, no-wrap
msgid "`dd`"
msgstr "`dd`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:289
msgid "delete the entire line (even if it wraps on the screen)"
msgstr ""
"elimina la línea entera (incluso si no aparece por completo en la pantalla)"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:290
#, no-wrap
msgid "`i`"
msgstr "`i`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:292
msgid "insert text at the cursor"
msgstr "inserta texto en la posición del cursor"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:293
#, no-wrap
msgid "`a`"
msgstr "`a`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:295
msgid "insert text after the cursor"
msgstr "inserta texto después del cursor"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:298
msgid ""
"Once you type `i` or `a`, you can enter text.  `Esc` puts you back in "
"command mode where you can type"
msgstr ""
"Una vez que tecleas `i` o `a`, ya puedes introducir texto. `Esc` te lleva de "
"vuelta all modo comando donde puedes teclear"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:299
#, no-wrap
msgid "`:w`"
msgstr "`:w`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:301
msgid "to write your changes to disk and continue editing"
msgstr "para guardar los cambios en el disco y continuar con la edición"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:302
#, no-wrap
msgid "`:wq`"
msgstr "`:wq`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:304
msgid "to write and quit"
msgstr "para grabar y salir"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:305
#, no-wrap
msgid "`:q!`"
msgstr "`:q!`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:307
msgid "to quit without saving changes"
msgstr "para salir sin grabar los cambios"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:308
#, no-wrap
msgid "`/_text_`"
msgstr "`/_text_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:310
msgid ""
"to move the cursor to _text_; `/` kbd:[Enter] (the enter key) to find the "
"next instance of _text_."
msgstr ""
"para mover el cursor a _text_; `/` kbd:[Enter] (la tecla enter) para "
"encontrar la siguiente instancia de _text_."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:311
#, no-wrap
msgid "`G`"
msgstr "`G`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:313
msgid "to go to the end of the file"
msgstr "para ir al final del archivo"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:314
#, no-wrap
msgid "`nG`"
msgstr "`nG`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:316
msgid "to go to line _n_ in the file, where _n_ is a number"
msgstr "para ir a la línea _n_ en el fichero, donde _n_ es un número"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:317
#, no-wrap
msgid "kbd:[Ctrl+L]"
msgstr "kbd:[Ctrl+L]"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:319
msgid "to redraw the screen"
msgstr "para recargar la pantalla"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:320
#, no-wrap
msgid "kbd:[Ctrl+b] and kbd:[Ctrl+f]"
msgstr "kbd:[Ctrl+b] y kbd:[Ctrl+f]"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:322
msgid "go back and forward a screen, as they do with `more` and `view`."
msgstr ""
"ir hacia atrás y hacia adelante una pantalla, como se hace con `more` y "
"`view`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:327
msgid ""
"Practice with `vi` in your home directory by creating a new file with `vi "
"_filename_` and adding and deleting text, saving the file, and calling it up "
"again.  `vi` delivers some surprises because it is really quite complex, and "
"sometimes you will inadvertently issue a command that will do something you "
"do not expect.  (Some people actually like `vi`-it is more powerful than DOS "
"EDIT-find out about `:r`.)  Use kbd:[Esc] one or more times to be sure you "
"are in command mode and proceed from there when it gives you trouble, save "
"often with `:w`, and use `:q!` to get out and start over (from your last `:"
"w`) when you need to."
msgstr ""
"Practica con `vi` en tu directorio home creando un nuevo fichero con `vi "
"_filename_` y añadiendo y borrando texto, guardando el fichero y abriéndolo "
"de nuevo. `vi` es una caja de sorpresas porque es en realidad bastante "
"complicado y a veces ejecutas un comando sin querer que hará algo que no "
"esperas. (A algunas personas en realidad les gusta `vi` - es más potente que "
"EDIT en DOS- investiga sobre `:r`). Usa kbd:[Esc] una o más veces para "
"asegurarte de que estás en modo comando y continúa a partir de ahí cuando "
"tengas problemas, guarda frecuentemente con `:w` y usa `:q!` para salir y "
"empezar de nuevo (desde tu último `:w`) cuando lo necesites."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:331
msgid ""
"Now you can `cd` to [.filename]#/etc#, `su` to `root`, use `vi` to edit the "
"file [.filename]#/etc/group#, and add a user to `wheel` so the user has root "
"privileges.  Just add a comma and the user's login name to the end of the "
"first line in the file, press kbd:[Esc], and use `:wq` to write the file to "
"disk and quit.  Instantly effective. (You did not put a space after the "
"comma, did you?)"
msgstr ""
"Ahora ya puedes usar `cd` para moverte a [.filename]#/etc#, hacer `su` a "
"`root`, usar `vi` para editar el fichero [.filename]#/etc/group# y añadir un "
"usuario al grupo `wheel` de forma que tenga privilegios de root. Simplemente "
"añade una coma y el nombre del usuario al final de la primera línea del "
"fichero, presiona kbd:[Esc] y usa `:wq` para escribir el fichero en disco y "
"salir. Efectivo al instante. (No pusiste un espacio después de la coma, "
"¿verdad?)"

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:333
#, no-wrap
msgid "Other Useful Commands"
msgstr "Otros comandos útiles"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:335
#, no-wrap
msgid "`df`"
msgstr "`df`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:337
msgid "shows file space and mounted systems."
msgstr "muestra el espacio en disco y los sistemas de archivos montados."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:338
#, no-wrap
msgid "`ps aux`"
msgstr "`ps aux`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:340
msgid "shows processes running. `ps ax` is a narrower form."
msgstr "muestra procesos en ejecución. `ps ax` es una forma más compacta."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:341
#, no-wrap
msgid "`rm _filename_`"
msgstr "`rm _filename_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:343
msgid "remove _filename_."
msgstr "elimina _filename_."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:344
#, no-wrap
msgid "`rm -R _dir_`"
msgstr "`rm -R _dir_`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:346
msgid "removes a directory _dir_ and all subdirectories-careful!"
msgstr "elimina el directorio _dir_ y todos sus subdirectorios-¡cuidado!"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:347
#, no-wrap
msgid "`ls -R`"
msgstr "`ls -R`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:349
msgid ""
"lists files in the current directory and all subdirectories; I used a "
"variant, `ls -AFR > where.txt`, to get a list of all the files in [."
"filename]#/# and (separately) [.filename]#/usr# before I found better ways "
"to find files."
msgstr ""
"lista ficheros en el directorio actual y todos los subdirectorios; He usado "
"una variante, `ls -AFR > where.txt` para obtener una lista de todos los "
"ficheros en [.filename]#/# y (separadamente) [.filename]#/usr# antes de que "
"aprendiera mejores formas de encontrar ficheros."

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:350
#, no-wrap
msgid "`passwd`"
msgstr "`passwd`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:352
msgid "to change user's password (or ``root``'s password)"
msgstr "para cambiar la contraseña del usuario (o la contraseña de ``root``)"

#. type: Labeled list
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:353
#, no-wrap
msgid "`man hier`"
msgstr "`man hier`"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:355
msgid "manual page on the UNIX(R) filesystem"
msgstr "página del manual sobre el sistema de ficheros UNIX(R)"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:357
msgid ""
"Use `find` to locate [.filename]#filename# in [.filename]#/usr# or any of "
"its subdirectories with"
msgstr ""
"Usa `find` para localizar [.filename]#filename# en [.filename]#/usr# o "
"cualquiera de sus subdirectorios con"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:361
#, no-wrap
msgid "% find /usr -name \"filename\"\n"
msgstr "% find /usr -name \"filename\"\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:365
msgid ""
"You can use * as a wildcard in `\"_filename_\"` (which should be in "
"quotes).  If you tell `find` to search in [.filename]#/# instead of [."
"filename]#/usr# it will look for the file(s) on all mounted filesystems, "
"including the CDROM and the DOS partition."
msgstr ""
"Puedes usar * como un comodín en `\"_filename_\"` (que debería ir entre "
"comillas). Si le pides a `find` buscar en [.filename]#/# en lugar de [."
"filename]#/usr# buscará los ficheros en todos los sistemas de ficheros "
"montados, incluidos el CDROM y la partición DOS."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:367
msgid ""
"An excellent book that explains UNIX(R) commands and utilities is Abrahams & "
"Larson, Unix for the Impatient (2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, 1996). There is "
"also a lot of UNIX(R) information on the Internet."
msgstr ""
"Un libro excelente que explica comandos UNIX(R) y utilidades es Abrahams & "
"Larson, Unix for the Impatient (2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, 1996). También hay "
"mucha información sobre UNIX(R) en Internet."

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:369
#, no-wrap
msgid "Next Steps"
msgstr "Próximos pasos"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:376
msgid ""
"You should now have the tools you need to get around and edit files, so you "
"can get everything up and running.  There is a great deal of information in "
"the FreeBSD handbook (which is probably on your hard drive) and link:https://"
"www.FreeBSD.org/[FreeBSD's web site].  A wide variety of packages and ports "
"are on the CDROM as well as the web site.  The handbook tells you more about "
"how to use them (get the package if it exists, with `pkg add _packagename_`, "
"where _packagename_ is the filename of the package).  The CDROM has lists of "
"the packages and ports with brief descriptions in [.filename]#cdrom/packages/"
"index#, [.filename]#cdrom/packages/index.txt#, and [.filename]#cdrom/ports/"
"index#, with fuller descriptions in [.filename]#/cdrom/ports/\\*/*/pkg/"
"DESCR#, where the *s represent subdirectories of kinds of programs and "
"program names respectively."
msgstr ""
"Ahora ya deberías tener las herramientas que necesitas para moverte y editar "
"ficheros de forma que puedas poner todo en funcionamiento. Hay mucha "
"información en el FreeBSD handbook (que está probablemente en tu disco duro) "
"y en link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/[El sitio web de FreeBSD]. Hay una gran "
"variedad de paquetes y ports en el CDROM así como en el sitio web. El "
"handbook te dice más sobre cómo usarlos (obtener el paquete si existe, con `"
"pkg add _packagename_` donde _packagename_ es el nombre del paquete). El "
"CDROM tiene listas de paquetes y ports con breves descripciones en [."
"filename]#cdrom/packages/index#, [.filename]#cdrom/packages/index.txt#, y [."
"filename]#cdrom/ports/index#, con descripcones completas en [.filename]#/"
"cdrom/ports/\\*/*/pkg/DESCR#, donde * representa subdirectorios de tipos de "
"programas y nombres de programas respectivamente."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:378
msgid ""
"If you find the handbook too sophisticated (what with `lndir` and all) on "
"installing ports from the CDROM, here is what usually works:"
msgstr ""
"Si encuentras el manual demasiado sofisticado (con el comando `lndir` y el "
"resto) acerca de instalar los ports desde el CDROM, esto es lo que "
"normalmente funciona:"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:381
msgid ""
"Find the port you want, say `kermit`. There will be a directory for it on "
"the CDROM.  Copy the subdirectory to [.filename]#/usr/local# (a good place "
"for software you add that should be available to all users) with:"
msgstr ""
"Localiza el port que deseas, por ejemplo, `kermit`. Habrá un directorio para "
"él en el CDROM. Copia el subdirectorio a [.filename]#/usr/local# (un buen "
"lugar para el software que instales y que debería estar disponible para "
"todos los usuarios) con:"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:385
#, no-wrap
msgid "# cp -R /cdrom/ports/comm/kermit /usr/local\n"
msgstr "# cp -R /cdrom/ports/comm/kermit /usr/local\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:388
msgid ""
"This should result in a [.filename]#/usr/local/kermit# subdirectory that has "
"all the files that the `kermit` subdirectory on the CDROM has."
msgstr ""
"Esto debería resultar en un subdirectorio [.filename]#/usr/local/kermit# que "
"tiene todos los ficheros que están en el subdirectorio `kermit` del CDROM."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:393
msgid ""
"Next, create the directory [.filename]#/usr/ports/distfiles# if it does not "
"already exist using `mkdir`.  Now check [.filename]#/cdrom/ports/distfiles# "
"for a file with a name that indicates it is the port you want.  Copy that "
"file to [.filename]#/usr/ports/distfiles#; in recent versions you can skip "
"this step, as FreeBSD will do it for you.  In the case of `kermit`, there is "
"no distfile."
msgstr ""
"A continuación, si aún no existe, crea el directorio [.filename]#/usr/ports/"
"distfiles# usando el comando `mkdir`. Ahora busca en el directorio [."
"filename]#/cdrom/ports/distfiles# un archivo que tenga el nombre del port "
"que quieres. Copia ese archivo a [.filename]#/usr/ports/distfiles#; en las "
"versiones más recientes, puedes omitir este paso, FreeBSD lo hará por ti. En "
"el caso de `kermit`, no existe el distfile."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:396
msgid ""
"Then `cd` to the subdirectory of [.filename]#/usr/local/kermit# that has the "
"file [.filename]#Makefile#.  Type"
msgstr ""
"Después usa `cd` para ir al subdirectorio [.filename]#/usr/local/kermit#  "
"que tiene el fichero [.filename]#Makefile#. Teclea"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:400
#, no-wrap
msgid "# make all install\n"
msgstr "# make all install\n"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:406
msgid ""
"During this process the port will FTP to get any compressed files it needs "
"that it did not find on the CDROM or in [.filename]#/usr/ports/distfiles#.  "
"If you do not have your network running yet and there was no file for the "
"port in [.filename]#/cdrom/ports/distfiles#, you will have to get the "
"distfile using another machine and copy it to [.filename]#/usr/ports/"
"distfiles#.  Read [.filename]#Makefile# (with `cat` or `more` or `view`) to "
"find out where to go (the master distribution site) to get the file and what "
"its name is.  (Use binary file transfers!) Then go back to [.filename]#/usr/"
"local/kermit#, find the directory with [.filename]#Makefile#, and type `make "
"all install`."
msgstr ""
"Durante este proceso el port se conectará por FTP para obtener cualquier "
"fichero comprimido que necesite y que no encontró en el CDROM o en [."
"filename]#/usr/ports/distfiles#. Si no tienes la red funcionando todavía y "
"no había fichero para el port en [.filename]#/cdrom/ports/distfiles#, "
"tendrás que obtener el distfile utilizando otra máquina y copiarlo a [."
"filename]#/usr/ports/distfiles#. Lee [.filename]#Makefile# (con `cat` o "
"`more` o `view`) para averiguar dónde ir (el sitio maestro) para obtener el "
"fichero y saber cuál es su nombre. (¡Utiliza transferencias binarias!) "
"Después vuelve a [.filename]#/usr/local/kermit#, encuentra el directorio que "
"contiene el fichero [.filename]#Makefile#, y teclea `make all install`."

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:408
#, no-wrap
msgid "Your Working Environment"
msgstr "Tu entorno de trabajo"

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:413
msgid ""
"Your shell is the most important part of your working environment.  The "
"shell is what interprets the commands you type on the command line, and thus "
"communicates with the rest of the operating system.  You can also write "
"shell scripts a series of commands to be run without intervention."
msgstr ""
"Tu shell es la parte más importante de tu entorno de trabajo. Ese shell "
"interpreta los comandos que escribes en la línea de comandos y, por lo "
"tanto, se comunica con el resto del sistema operativo. También puedes "
"escribir shell scripts, que consisten en una serie de comandos que se "
"ejecutarán sin intervención."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:417
msgid ""
"Two shells come installed with FreeBSD: `csh` and `sh`.  `csh` is good for "
"command-line work, but scripts should be written with `sh` (or `bash`).  You "
"can find out what shell you have by typing `echo $SHELL`."
msgstr ""
"Con FreeBSD vienen dos shells instalados: `csh` y `sh`.  `csh` es bueno para "
"trabajar en línea de comando, pero los scripts deberían escribirse en `sh` ("
"o `bash`). Puedes averiguar qué shell tienes tecleando `echo $SHELL`."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:423
msgid ""
"The `csh` shell is okay, but `tcsh` does everything `csh` does and more.  It "
"allows you to recall commands with the arrow keys and edit them.  It has tab-"
"key completion of filenames (`csh` uses kbd:[Esc]), and it lets you switch "
"to the directory you were last in with `cd -`.  It is also much easier to "
"alter your prompt with `tcsh`.  It makes life a lot easier."
msgstr ""
"El shell `csh` está bien, pero `tcsh` hace todo lo de `csh` y más. Te "
"permite recordar comandos con las flechas de dirección y editarlos. Tiene "
"auto completado de ficheros con el tabulador (`csh` utiliza kbd:[Esc]), y te "
"permite cambiar al último directorio en el que estuviste con `cd -`. El "
"prompt también es mucho más fácil de cambiar en `tcsh`. Hace la vida mucho "
"más fácil."

#. type: Plain text
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:425
msgid "Here are the three steps for installing a new shell:"
msgstr "Aquí tiene los 3 pasos necesarios para instalar una nueva shell:"

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:429
msgid ""
"Install the shell as a port or a package, just as you would any other port "
"or package."
msgstr ""
"Instala el shell como un port o paquete, tal como harías con cualquier otro "
"port o paquete."

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:430
msgid ""
"Use `chsh` to change your shell to `tcsh` permanently, or type `tcsh` at the "
"prompt to change your shell without logging in again."
msgstr ""
"Utiliza `chsh` para cambiar tu shell a `tcsh` permanentemente, o teclea "
"`tcsh` en el prompt para cambiar tu shell sin iniciar una nueva sesión."

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:438
msgid ""
"It can be dangerous to change `root`'s shell to something other than `sh` or "
"`csh` on early versions of FreeBSD and many other versions of UNIX(R); you "
"may not have a working shell when the system puts you into single user "
"mode.  The solution is to use `su -m` to become `root`, which will give you "
"the `tcsh` as `root`, because the shell is part of the environment.  You can "
"make this permanent by adding it to your [.filename]#.tcshrc# as an alias "
"with:"
msgstr ""
"Puede ser peligroso cambiar el shell de `root` a algo que no sea `sh` o `csh`"
" en versiones antiguas de FreeBSD y muchas otras versiones de UNIX(R); "
"podrías no tener un shell que funcione cuando el sistema te pone en modo "
"usuario único. El solución es usar `su -m` para convertirse en `root`, lo "
"que te dará un `tcsh` como `root` porque el shell es parte del entorno. "
"Puedes hacer que esto sea permanente añadiéndolo un alias a tu [.filename]#."
"tcshrc# con:"

#. type: delimited block . 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:442
#, no-wrap
msgid "alias su su -m\n"
msgstr "alias su su -m\n"

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:449
msgid ""
"When `tcsh` starts up, it will read the [.filename]#/etc/csh.cshrc# and [."
"filename]#/etc/csh.login# files, as does `csh`.  It will also read [."
"filename]#.login# in your home directory and [.filename]#.cshrc# as well, "
"unless you provide a [.filename]#.tcshrc#.  This you can do by simply "
"copying [.filename]#.cshrc# to [.filename]#.tcshrc#."
msgstr ""
"Cuando `tcsh` se inicia, leerá los ficheros [.filename]#/etc/csh.cshrc# y [."
"filename]#/etc/csh.login#, como hace `csh`. También leerá [.filename]#.login#"
" en tu directorio home así como [.filename]#.cshrc# a menos que proporciones "
"un [.filename]#.tcshrc#. Esto lo puedes hacer simplemente copiando [."
"filename]#.cshrc# a [.filename]#.tcshrc#."

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:453
msgid ""
"Now that you have installed `tcsh`, you can adjust your prompt.  You can "
"find the details in the manual page for `tcsh`, but here is a line to put in "
"your [.filename]#.tcshrc# that will tell you how many commands you have "
"typed, what time it is, and what directory you are in.  It also produces a "
"`>` if you are an ordinary user and a # if you are `root`, but tsch will do "
"that in any case:"
msgstr ""
"Ahora que tienes instalado `tcsh` puedes ajustar tu prompt. Puedes encontrar "
"los detalles en la página de manual de `tcsh`, pero aquí tienes una línea "
"para poner en tu [.filename]#.tcshrc# que te dirá cuántos comandos has "
"tecleado, qué hora es, y en qué directorio estás. También utiliza un `>` si "
"eres un usuario ordinario y un `#` si eres `root`, pero tcsh lo hará de "
"todos modos:"

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:455
msgid "set prompt = \"%h %t %~ %# \""
msgstr "set prompt = \"%h %t %~ %# \""

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:460
msgid ""
"This should go in the same place as the existing set prompt line if there is "
"one, or under \"if($?prompt) then\" if not.  Comment out the old line; you "
"can always switch back to it if you prefer it.  Do not forget the spaces and "
"quotes.  You can get the [.filename]#.tcshrc# reread by typing `source ."
"tcshrc`."
msgstr ""
"Debería de ir en el mismo lugar que la línea del prompt actual, si "
"existiera, o debajo de \"if($?prompt) then\" si no existiera. Comenta la "
"línea antigua; siempre podrá volver a usar el método antiguo si lo "
"prefieres. No olvides los espacios y las comillas. Puedes forzar la "
"relectura del archivo [.filename]#.tcshrc# escribiendo `source .tcshrc`."

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:464
msgid ""
"You can get a listing of other environmental variables that have been set by "
"typing `env` at the prompt.  The result will show you your default editor, "
"pager, and terminal type, among possibly many others.  A useful command if "
"you log in from a remote location and cannot run a program because the "
"terminal is not capable is `setenv TERM vt100`."
msgstr ""
"Puedes obtener un listado de las otras variables de entorno que han sido "
"configuradas ejecutando `env` en el prompt. El resultado mostrará tu editor "
"predeterminado, paginador y tipo de terminal, entre muchas otras. Un comando "
"útil si inicias sesión desde una ubicación remota y no puedes ejecutar un "
"programa porque el terminal no es capaz de hacerlo es `setenv TERM vt100`."

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:466
#, no-wrap
msgid "Other"
msgstr "Otros"

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:470
msgid ""
"As `root`, you can unmount the CDROM with `/sbin/umount /cdrom`, take it out "
"of the drive, insert another one, and mount it with `/sbin/mount_cd9660 /dev/"
"cd0a /cdrom` assuming cd0a is the device name for your CDROM drive.  The "
"most recent versions of FreeBSD let you mount the CDROM with just `/sbin/"
"mount /cdrom`."
msgstr ""
"Como `root`, puedes desmontar el CDROM con `/sbin/umount /cdrom`, sacarlo de "
"la unidad, insertar otro, y montarlo con `/sbin/mount_cd9660 /dev/cd0a "
"/cdrom` asumiendo que cd0a es el nombre de la unidad para tu CDROM. Las "
"versiones más recientes de FreeBSD te permiten montar el CDROM con tan sólo "
"`/sbin/mount /cdrom`."

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:476
msgid ""
"Using the live filesystem-the second of FreeBSD's CDROM disks-is useful if "
"you have got limited space.  What is on the live filesystem varies from "
"release to release.  You might try playing games from the CDROM.  This "
"involves using `lndir`, which gets installed with the X Window System, to "
"tell the program(s) where to find the necessary files, because they are in [."
"filename]#/cdrom# instead of in [.filename]#/usr# and its subdirectories, "
"which is where they are expected to be.  Read `man lndir`."
msgstr ""
"Utilizar el sistema de archivos live-el segundo disco de los CDROM de "
"FreeBSD- es útil si tienes un espacio limitado. El contenido del sistema de "
"archivos live varía de una versión a otra. Puedes probar a jugar a los "
"juegos que hay en el CDROM. Esto implica usar el comando `lndir`, que se "
"instala junto al sistema de ventanas X (X Window System), para informar al "
"resto de programas dónde encontrar los archivos necesarios, dado que se "
"encuentran en [.filename]#/cdrom# en lugar de [.filename]#/usr# y sus "
"subdirectorios, que es donde se espeara que estén. Lee `man lndir`."

#. type: Title ==
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:478
#, no-wrap
msgid "Comments Welcome"
msgstr "Comentarios Bienvenidos"

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:482
msgid ""
"If you use this guide I would be interested in knowing where it was unclear "
"and what was left out that you think should be included, and if it was "
"helpful.  My thanks to Eugene W. Stark, professor of computer science at "
"SUNY-Stony Brook, and John Fieber for helpful comments."
msgstr ""
"Si utilizas esta guía, me interesaría saber qué partes no han quedado del "
"todo claras y qué echas en falta y piensas que debería incluirse, y si te "
"fue útil . Gracias a Eugene W. Stark, profesor de ciencias de la computación "
"en SUNY-Stony Brook y a John Fieber por sus útiles comentarios."

#. type: delimited block = 4
#: documentation/content/en/articles/new-users/_index.adoc:483
msgid ""
"Annelise Anderson, mailto:andrsn@andrsn.stanford.edu[andrsn@andrsn.stanford."
"edu]"
msgstr ""
"Annelise Anderson, mailto:andrsn@andrsn.stanford.edu[andrsn@andrsn.stanford."
"edu]"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "include::shared/attributes/attributes-{{% lang %}}.adoc[] include::shared/"
#~ "{{% lang %}}/teams.adoc[] include::shared/{{% lang %}}/mailing-lists."
#~ "adoc[] include::shared/{{% lang %}}/urls.adoc[]"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "include::shared/attributes/attributes-{{% lang %}}.adoc[]\n"
#~ "include::shared/{{% lang %}}/teams.adoc[]\n"
#~ "include::shared/{{% lang %}}/mailing-lists.adoc[]\n"
#~ "include::shared/{{% lang %}}/urls.adoc[]"