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  ÅëëçíéêÞ ìåôÜöñáóç ôïõ: Introduction to NanoBSD

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<article lang='el'>
  <articleinfo>
    <title>ÅéóáãùãÞ óôï NanoBSD</title>

    <authorgroup>
      <author>
	<firstname>Daniel</firstname>
	<surname>Gerzo</surname>
	<!-- 14 March 2006 -->
      </author>
      <author>
	<firstname>ÊõñéÜêïò</firstname>
	<surname>ÊåíôñùôÞò</surname>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>

    <copyright>
      <year>2006, 2009</year>
      <holder>Ç ÏìÜäá Ôåêìçñßùóçò ôïõ &os;</holder>
    </copyright>

    <legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
      &tm-attrib.freebsd;
      &tm-attrib.general;
    </legalnotice>

    <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>

    <releaseinfo>$FreeBSD$</releaseinfo>

    <abstract>
      <para>Ôï Ýããñáöï áõôü ðáñÝ÷åé ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá ôá åñãáëåßá
	ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>, ôá ïðïßá ìðïñïýí íá
	÷ñçóéìïðïéçèïýí ðñïêåéìÝíïõ íá äçìéïõñãçèïýí åßäùëá ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò
	&os; ãéá embedded åöáñìïãÝò, êáôÜëëçëåò ãéá ÷ñÞóç áðü êÜñôá Compact
	Flash (Þ Üëëï ìÝóï áðïèÞêåõóçò).</para>
    </abstract>
  </articleinfo>

  <sect1 id="intro">
    <title>ÅéóáãùãÞ óôï NanoBSD</title>

    <indexterm><primary>NanoBSD</primary></indexterm>

    <para>Ôï <application>NanoBSD</application> åßíáé Ýíá åñãáëåßï ôï ïðïßï
      áíáðôýóóåôáé åíåñãÜ áðü ôïí &a.phk;.  Äçìéïõñãåß Ýíá åéêïíéêü åßäùëï ôïõ
      óõóôÞìáôïò &os; ãéá embedded åöáñìïãÝò, éäáíéêü ãéá êÜñôåò Compact Flash
      (Þ Üëëï ìÝóï áðïèÞêåõóçò).</para>

    <para>Ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ãéá íá öôéá÷ôïýí åîåéäéêåõìÝíåò åéêüíåò,
      ó÷åäéáóìÝíåò ãéá åýêïëç åãêáôÜóôáóç êáé óõíôÞñçóç óõóôçìÜôùí
      ôýðïõ <quote>computer appliance</quote>.  Ôá óõóôÞìáôá ôÝôïéïõ åßäïõò
      Ý÷ïõí ôï õëéêü êáé ëïãéóìéêü ôïõò åíïðïéçìÝíá ìÝóá óôï ðñïúüí.  Áõôü
      óçìáßíåé ðùò óõ÷íÜ åßíáé ðñïåãêáôåóôçìÝíá üëá ôá áðáñáßôçôá ðñïãñÜììáôá.
      Ç óõóêåõÞ óõíäÝåôáé óå Ýíá õðÜñ÷ïí äßêôõï êáé ìðïñåß íá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé
      (ó÷åäüí) áìÝóùò.</para>

    <para>Ôá âáóéêÜ ÷áñáêôçñéóôéêÜ ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>
      åßíáé:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
	<para>Ôá ports êáé ôá ðáêÝôá ëåéôïõñãïýí üðùò óôï &os;&nbsp;&mdash;
	  ïðïéïäÞðïôå ðñüãñáììá ìðïñåß íá åãêáôáóôáèåß êáé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß
	  óôï &os; ìðïñåß íá åíóùìáôùèåß êáé óå Ýíá
	  åßäùëï <application>NanoBSD</application> êáé íá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé ìå ôïí
	  ßäéï ôñüðï.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Äå õóôåñåß óå ëåéôïõñãéêüôçôá&nbsp;&mdash; Áí åßíáé åöéêôü íá
	  ãßíåé êÜôé ìå ôï &os;, ôüôå åßíáé åöéêôü íá ãßíåé ôï ßäéï ðñÜìá êáé
	  ìå ôï <application>NanoBSD</application>, åêôüò áí ôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï
	  ÷áñáêôçñéóôéêü Ý÷åé óêüðéìá áöáéñåèåß áðü ôï åßäùëï
	  ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Ôï <application>NanoBSD</application> ôñÝ÷åé ìå ôï óýóôçìá óå
	  êáôÜóôáóç ðñïóôáóßáò áðü åããñáöÞ.  Ìðïñåßôå áêüìá êáé íá ôï
	  áðïóõíäÝóåôå áðü ôï ñåýìá ôçí þñá ðïõ ëåéôïõñãåß.  Äåí åßíáé
	  áíáãêáßï íá åêôåëåóôåß ôï &man.fsck.8; ìåôÜ áðü ìéá Üãáñìðç äéáêïðÞ
	  ëåéôïõñãßáò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Åßíáé åýêïëï íá äçìéïõñãçèåß êáé íá ðñïóáñìïóôåß Ýíá
	  åßäùëï <application>NanoBSD</application>.  Ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç åíüò ìüíï
	  óåíáñßïõ öëïéïý êáé åíüò áñ÷åßïõ äéáìüñöùóçò åßíáé åöéêôÞ ç äüìçóç
	  ðñïóáñìïóìÝíùí åéäþëùí ðïõ éêáíïðïéïýí ïðïéáäÞðïôå áíÜãêç.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="howto">
    <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ NanoBSD</title>

    <sect2 id="design">
      <title>Ç Ó÷åäßáóç ôïõ NanoBSD</title>

      <para>Áöïý ãñáöôåß Ýíá åßäùëï ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> óå
	êÜðïéï áðïèçêåõôéêü ìÝóï, ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ãéá íá îåêéíÞóåé
	Ýíá óýóôçìá &os;.  Ç ðñïêáèïñéóìÝíç äéáìüñöùóç ôïõ ìÝóïõ åêêßíçóçò
	áðïôåëåßôáé áðü ôñßá ìÝñç:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
	<listitem>
	  <para>Äýï äéáìåñßóìáôá åêêßíçóçò: <literal>code#1</literal>
	    êáé <literal>code#2</literal>.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>Ôï äéáìÝñéóìá ñõèìßóåùí, Áõôü ìðïñåß íá ðñïóáñôçèåß óôïí
	    êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/cfg</filename> ôçí þñá
	    ëåéôïõñãßáò ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>.</para>
	</listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>ÁõôÜ ôá ôñßá äéáìåñßóìáôá êáíïíéêÜ åßíáé ðñïóáñôçìÝíá ìüíï ãéá
	áíÜãíùóç.</para>

      <para>Ïé êáôÜëïãïé <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>
	êáé <filename class="directory">/var</filename> åßíáé åéêïíéêïß äßóêïé
	&man.md.4; (malloc).</para>

      <para>Ôï äéáìÝñéóìá ñõèìßóåùí ìðïñåß íá ðñïóáñôçèåß óôïí
	êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/cfg</filename>.  ÐåñéÝ÷åé áñ÷åßá
	ôá ïðïßá áíôéãñÜöïíôáé óôïí
	êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>.  ÊáôÜ ôçí
	åêêßíçóç ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò ôï äéáìÝñéóìá ñõèìßóåùí ðñïóáñôÜôáé ðñïóùñéíÜ
	ìüíï ãéá áíÜãíùóç êáé áíôéãñÜöïíôáé ôá áñ÷åßá ôïõ óôïí
	êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>.  Ïðüôå ãéá íá
	åßíáé êÜðïéá áëëáãÞ ñõèìßóåùí ðéï <quote>ìüíéìç</quote> êáé íá éó÷ýåé
	áêüìá êáé ìåôÜ áðü åðáíåêêßíçóç ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò, ðñÝðåé íá áíôéãñÜöåôáé
	áðü ôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> óôï
	äéáìÝñéóìá ñõèìßóåùí, áöïý áõôü ðñïóáñôçèåß ãéá ãñÜøéìï óôïí
	êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/cfg</filename>.</para>

      <example>
	<title>ÊÜíïíôáò ìüíéìåò áëëáãÝò óôï <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename></title>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>vi /etc/resolv.conf</userinput>
[...]
&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /cfg</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cp /etc/resolv.conf /cfg</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>umount /cfg</userinput></screen>
      </example>

      <note>
	<para>Ôï äéáìÝñéóìá ôï ïðïßï ðåñéÝ÷åé ôïí
	  êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/cfg</filename> ðñÝðåé íá
	  ðñïóáñôÜôáé ìüíï êáôÜ ôçí åêêßíçóç êáé üôáí Ý÷ïõí ðñïôåñáéüôçôá ôá
	  áñ÷åßá ñõèìßóåùí
	  ôïõ <filename class="directory">/cfg</filename>.</para>

	<para>Äåí åßíáé êáëÞ éäÝá íá ìÝíåé ìüíéìá ðñïóáñôçìÝíï ôï
	  äéáìÝñéóìá <filename class="directory">/cfg</filename>.  Áí Ýíá
	  äéáìÝñéóìá åßíáé ðñïóáñôçìÝíï ãéá ãñÜøéìï êáé ôï áðïèçêåõôéêü ìÝóï
	  ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> åðéôñÝðåé ðåñéïñéóìÝíï áñéèìü
	  êýêëùí åããñáöÞò (üðùò ð.÷. ìåñéêÝò êÜñôåò CF), ìðïñåß íá åðçñåáóôåß
	  áñíçôéêÜ ôï áðïèçêåõôéìü ìÝóï åðåéäÞ ï ðõñÞíáò ãñÜöåé êÜèå ëßãï
	  óôïõò äßóêïõò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò (syncer).</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Äçìéïõñãßá Åíüò ÐñïóáñìïóìÝíïõ ÓõóôÞìáôïò NanoBSD</title>

      <para>Ôï åßäùëï ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> äçìéïõñãåßôáé áðü
	Ýíá áðëü óåíÜñéï êïíóüëáò, ôï <filename>nanobsd.sh</filename>, ôï
	ïðïßï ìðïñåß íá âñåèåß óôïí
	êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/usr/src/tools/nanobsd</filename>.
	Áõôü ôï óåíÜñéï äçìéïõñãåß Ýíá åßäùëï äßóêïõ, ôï ïðïßï ìðïñåß íá
	áíôéãñáöåß áðåõèåßáò óå êÜðïéï áðïèçêåõôéêü ìåóï ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï
	ðñüãñáììá &man.dd.1;.</para>

      <para>Ïé áðáñáßôçôåò åíôïëÝò ðñïêåéìÝíïõ íá äçìéïõñãçèåß Ýíá åßäùëï
	ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> åßíáé ïé åîÞò:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src/tools/tools/nanobsd</userinput> <co id="nbsd-cd"/>
&prompt.root; <userinput>sh nanobsd.sh</userinput> <co id="nbsd-sh"/>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/obj/nanobsd.full</userinput> <co id="nbsd-cd2"/>
&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=_.disk.full of=/dev/da0 bs=64k</userinput> <co id="nbsd-dd"/></screen>

      <calloutlist>
	<callout arearefs="nbsd-cd">
	  <para>ÁëëáãÞ áðü ôïí ôñÝ÷ïíôá êáôÜëïãï óôïí âáóéêü êáôÜëïãï ôïõ
	    óåíáñßïõ äçìéïõñãßáò
	    ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>.</para>
	</callout>

	<callout arearefs="nbsd-sh">
	  <para>Åêêßíçóç ôçò äçìéïõñãßáò ôïõ åéäþëïõ.</para>
	</callout>

	<callout arearefs="nbsd-cd2">
	  <para>ÁëëáãÞ áðü ôïí ôñÝ÷ïíôá êáôÜëïãï óôïí êáôÜëïãï ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé ôï
	    åßäùëï ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>.</para>
	</callout>

	<callout arearefs="nbsd-dd">
	  <para>ÁíôéãñáöÞ ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> óå Ýíá ìÝóï
	    áðïèÞêåõóçò.</para>
	</callout>
      </calloutlist>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Ðñïóáñìüæïíôáò ôï åßäùëï ôïõ NanoBSD</title>

      <para>Áõôü åßíáé ðéèáíüôáôá ôï ðéï óçìáíôéêü êáé ðéï åíäéáöÝñïí
	÷áñáêôçñéóôéêü ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>.  Áõôü åßíáé êáé
	ôï ìÝñïò ôçò äéáäéêáóßáò áíÜðôõîçò ôïõ
	åéäþëïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> ãéá ôï ïðïßï èá îïäÝøåôå
	Ýíá ìåãÜëï ðïóïóôü ôïõ ÷ñüíïõ ðñïåôïéìáóßáò ôïõ åéäþëïõ.</para>

      <para>Ç áêüëïõèç åíôïëÞ èá êÜíåé ôï <filename>nanobsd.sh</filename> íá
	äéáâÜóåé ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ áðü ôï
	áñ÷åßï <filename>myconf.nano</filename> ðïõ âñßóêåôáé óôï ôñÝ÷ïíôá
	êáôÜëïãï:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>sh nanobsd.sh -c myconf.nano</userinput></screen>

      <para>Ç ðñïóáñìïãÞ êáé ðáñáìåôñïðïßçóç
	ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> ãßíåôáé óõíÞèùò ìå äýï
	ôñüðïõò:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
	<listitem>
	  <para>ÅðéëïãÝò äéáìüñöùóçò</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ÐñïóáñìïóìÝíåò óõíáñôÞóåéò</para>
	</listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <sect3>
	<title>ÅðéëïãÝò äéáìüñöùóçò</title>

	<para>Ïé ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> ìðïñïýí íá
	  ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèïýí ãéá íá ïñéóôïýí ðñïóáñìïóìÝíåò åðéëïãÝò
	  ìåôáãëþôôéóçò êáé åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os;.  ÁõôÝò ïé åðéëïãÝò
	  åðçñåÜæïõí ôá óôÜäéá <maketarget>buildworld</maketarget>
	  êáé <maketarget>installworld</maketarget>
	  ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>, êáèþò êáé Üëëåò åðéëïãÝò ôçò
	  äçìéïõñãßáò ôïõ ôåëéêïý åéäþëïõ.  Ìå ôéò êáôÜëëçëåò ñõèìßóåéò
	  ôï <application>NanoBSD</application> ìðïñåß íá ìéêñýíåé áñêåôÜ óå
	  ìÝãåèïò· ìðïñåß íá ÷ùñÝóåé Ýíá ðïëý ìéêñü õðïóýíïëï ôïõ âáóéêïý &os;
	  óå ÷þñï ìéêñüôåñï áðü 64MB.  Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôéò
	  åðéëïãÝò ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå
	  Ýíá åßäùëï ðïõ Ý÷åé ìüíï ôïí ðõñÞíá êáé äõï-ôñßá áñ÷åßá óôï âáóéêü
	  óýóôçìá.</para>

	<para>Ôï áñ÷åßï ñõèìßóåùí ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>
	  ðåñéÝ÷åé åíôïëÝò ïé ïðïßåò ïñßæïõí íÝåò ôéìÝò ãéá êÜðïéá
	  ðñïêáèïñéóìÝíç ìåôáâëçôÞ Þ åðåêôåßíïõí ôéò õðÜñ÷ïõóåò ñõèìßóåéò.  Ïé
	  ðéï óçìáíôéêÝò ìåôáâëçôÝò åßíáé ïé åîÞò:</para>

	<itemizedlist>
	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>NANO_NAME</literal> &mdash; Ôï üíïìá ôïõ
	      åéäþëïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> ðïõ èá äçìéïõñãçèåß
	      (÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá íá öôéÜîåé ôá ïíüìáôá ôùí êáôÜëïãùí
	      åñãáóßáò).</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>NANO_SRC</literal> &mdash; Ç äéáäñïìÞ ôïõ äÝíôñïõ
	      ðçãáßïõ êþäéêá ôï ïðïßï èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ãéá íá ìåôãëùôôéóôåß
	      ôï åßäùëï.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>NANO_KERNEL</literal> &mdash; Ôï üíïìá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
	      ñõèìßóåùí ðõñÞíá ôï ïðïßï èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ãéá íá ÷ôéóôåß ï
	      ðõñÞíáò ôïõ åéäþëïõ.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>CONF_BUILD</literal> &mdash; ÅðéëïãÝò ðïõ ðåñíïýí
	      óôï óôÜäéï <maketarget>buildworld</maketarget> ôçò ìåôáãëþôôéóçò ôïõ
	      &os;.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>CONF_INSTALL</literal> &mdash; ÅðéëïãÝò ðïõ ðåñíïýí
	      óôï óôÜäéï <maketarget>installworld</maketarget> ôçò ðñïåôïéìáóßáò ôïõ
	      åéäþëïõ.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>CONF_WORLD</literal> &mdash; ÅðéëïãÝò ðïõ ðåñíïýí
	      êáé óôá äýï óôÜäéá ôçò ðñïåôïéìáóßáò ôïõ åéäþëïõ, êáé
	      óôï <maketarget>buildworld</maketarget> êáé
	      óôï <maketarget>installworld</maketarget>.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>FlashDevice</literal> &mdash; Ïñßæåé ôïí ôýðï
	      ôïõ ìÝóïõ áðïèÞêåõóçò ðïõ èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß.  Ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò
	      ëåðôïìÝñåéåò äåßôå ôï
	      áñ÷åßï <filename>FlashDevise.sub</filename>.</para>
	  </listitem>
	</itemizedlist>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ÐñïóáñìïóìÝíåò ÓõíáñôÞóåéò</title>

	<para>Óôï áñ÷åßï ñýèìéóçò ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>
	  ìðïñåß íá ñõèìéóôåß ó÷åäüí êÜèå ëåðôïìÝñåéá ôçò ðñïåôïéìáóßáò ôïõ
	  åéäþëïõ êáé ôïõ ôåëéêïý åéäþëïõ ôï ïðïßï èá äçìéïõñãçèåß.
	  ×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ìéêñÝò óõíáñôÞóåéò öëïéïý, ìðïñïýìå íá ñõèìßóïõìå ôá
	  ðÜíôá.  Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ìðïñïýìå íá ôñÝîïõìå äéêÝò ìáò åíôïëÝò ïé
	  ïðïßåò ðáñáìåôñïðïéïýí ôï ôåëéêü åßäùëï ùò åîÞò:</para>

	<programlisting>cust_foo () (
	echo "bar=topless" &gt; \
		&dollar;{NANO_WORLDDIR}/etc/foo
)
customize_cmd cust_foo</programlisting>

	<para>¸íá ðéï ÷ñÞóéìï ðáñÜäåéãìá óõíÜñôçóçò öëïéïý, ç ïðïßá ñõèìßæåé
	  êÜðïéá ðáñÜìåôñï ôïõ ôåëéêïý åéäþëïõ, åßíáé áõôü ðïõ áêïëïõèåß.  Ç
	  óõíÜñôçóç <literal>cust_etc_size</literal> áëëÜæåé ôçí ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç
	  ôéìÞ ìåãÝèïõò ôïõ
	  êáôáëüãïõ <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> áðü 5MB óå
	  30MB:</para>

	<programlisting>cust_etc_size () (
	cd &dollar;{NANO_WORLDDIR}/conf
	echo 30000 &gt; default/etc/md_size
)
customize_cmd cust_etc_size</programlisting>

	<para>Ôï óåíÜñéï öëïéïý ðïõ äçìéïõñãåß
	  ôï <application>NanoBSD</application> Ý÷åé ìåñéêÝò Ýôïéìåò
	  óõíáñôÞóåéò öëïéïý ïé ïðïßåò åêôåëïýí ôÝôïéåò åðéðëÝïí
	  ñõèìßóåéò:</para>

	<itemizedlist>
	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>cust_comconsole</literal> &mdash; Áðåíåñãïðïéåß ôï
	      &man.getty.8; óôéò êïíóüëåò VGA (ïé
	      óõóêåõÝò <filename>/dev/ttyv*</filename>) êáé åíåñãïðïéåß ôçí
	      ÷ñÞóç ôçò óåéñéáêÞò èýñáò COM1 ùò êïíóüëá óõóôÞìáôïò.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>cust_allow_ssh_root</literal> &mdash; ÅðéôñÝðåé ôçí
	      åßóïäï ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç <username>root</username> ìÝóù ôïõ
	      &man.sshd.8;.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para><literal>cust_install_files</literal> &mdash; ÅãêáèéóôÜ
	      áñ÷åßá áðü ôïí
	      êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">nanobsd/Files</filename>.
	      Óå áõôü ôïí êáôÜëïãï âñßóêïíôáé ìåñéêÜ ÷ñÞóéìá óåíÜñéá öëïéïý
	      ãéá ôç äéá÷åßñéóç
	      åíüò óõóôÞìáôïò <application>NanoBSD</application>.</para>
	  </listitem>
	</itemizedlist>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ÐñïóèÝôïíôáò ÐáêÝôá</title>

	<para>Óå Ýíá åßäùëï <application>NanoBSD</application> ìðïñïýí íá
	  ðñïóôåèïýí êáé Ýôïéìá ðáêÝôá, ðïõ Ý÷ïõí öôéá÷ôåß áðü ðñéí
	  ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôç ÓõëëïãÞ ôùí Ports.  Ìéá óõíÜñôçóç öëïéïý ìðïñåß
	  íá åãêáôáóôÞóåé Ýîôñá ðáêÝôá ôçí þñá ðïõ ðñïåôïéìÜæåôáé ôï åßäùëï.
	  Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ç ðáñáêÜôù óõíÜñôçóç èá åãêáôáóôÞóåé óôï åßäùëï üëá
	  ôá ðáêÝôá ðïõ âñßóêïíôáé óôïí
	  êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/usr/src/tools/tools/nanobsd/packages</filename>:</para>

	<programlisting>install_packages () (
mkdir -p ${NANO_WORLDDIR}/packages
cp /usr/src/tools/tools/nanobsd/packages/* ${NANO_WORLDDIR}/packages
chroot ${NANO_WORLDDIR} sh -c 'cd packages; pkg_add -v *;cd ..;'
rm -rf ${NANO_WORLDDIR}/packages
)

customize_cmd install_packages</programlisting>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ÐáñÜäåéãìá Áñ÷åßïõ Ñõèìßóåùí ôïõ NanoBSD</title>

	<para>¸íá ðëÞñåò ðáñÜäåéãìá áñ÷åßïõ ñõèìßóåùí ãéá
	  ôï <application>NanoBSD</application>, ìå äéÜöïñåò ñõèìßóåéò ãéá ôç
	  ìåôáãëþôôéóç ôïõ &os; êáé ôçí ðñïåôïéìáóßá ôïõ ôåëéêïý åéäþëïõ,
	  ìðïñåß íá ìïéÜæåé êÜðùò Ýôóé:</para>

	<programlisting>NANO_NAME=custom
NANO_SRC=/usr/src
NANO_KERNEL=MYKERNEL
NANO_IMAGES=2

CONF_BUILD='
NO_KLDLOAD=YES
NO_NETGRAPH=YES
NO_PAM=YES
'

CONF_INSTALL='
NO_ACPI=YES
NO_BLUETOOTH=YES
NO_CVS=YES
NO_FORTRAN=YES
NO_HTML=YES
NO_LPR=YES
NO_MAN=YES
NO_SENDMAIL=YES
NO_SHAREDOCS=YES
NO_EXAMPLES=YES
NO_INSTALLLIB=YES
NO_CALENDAR=YES
NO_MISC=YES
NO_SHARE=YES
'

CONF_WORLD='
NO_BIND=YES
NO_MODULES=YES
NO_KERBEROS=YES
NO_GAMES=YES
NO_RESCUE=YES
NO_LOCALES=YES
NO_SYSCONS=YES
NO_INFO=YES
'

FlashDevice SanDisk 1G

cust_nobeastie() (
	touch &dollar;{NANO_WORLDDIR}/boot/loader.conf
	echo "beastie_disable=\"YES\"" &gt;&gt; &dollar;{NANO_WORLDDIR}/boot/loader.conf
)

customize_cmd cust_comconsole
customize_cmd cust_install_files
customize_cmd cust_allow_ssh_root
customize_cmd cust_nobeastie</programlisting>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Åíçìåñþíïíôáò ôï NanoBSD</title>

      <para>Ç äéáäéêáóßá åíçìÝñùóçò ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>
	åßíáé ó÷åôéêÜ áðëÞ:</para>

      <procedure>
	<step>
	  <para>Äçìéïõñãßá åíüò íÝïõ
	    åéäþëïõ <application>NanoBSD</application>, ìå ôï óõíçèéóìÝíï
	    ôñüðï.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>ÁíÝâáóìá ôïõ íÝïõ åéäþëïõ óå ìéá á÷ñçóéìïðïßçôç êáôÜôìçóç ìéáò
	    óõóêåõÞò ðïõ ôñÝ÷åé <application>NanoBSD</application>.</para>

	  <para>Ç ðéï óçìáíôéêÞ äéáöïñÜ áõôïý ôïõ óçìåßïõ áðü ôçí áñ÷éêÞ
	    åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> åßíáé üôé ôþñá
	    áíôß ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ <filename>_.disk.full</filename> (ôï ïðïßï
	    ðåñéÝ÷åé ôï åßäùëï åíüò ïëüêëçñïõ äßóêïõ), åãêáôáóôÜèçêå ôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>_.disk.image</filename> (ôï ïðïßï ðåñéÝ÷åé ôï åßäùëï
	    ìéáò ìüíï êáôÜôìçóçò ôïõ äßóêïõ).</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>Êëåßóéìï êáé åðáíåêêßíçóç ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò áðü ôçí íÝá
	    åãêáôåóôçìÝíç êáôÜôìçóç.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>Áí üëá ðÜíå êáëÜ, ç áíáâÜèìéóç ôåëåßùóå.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>Áí ïôéäÞðïôå ðÜåé óôñáâÜ, åðáíåêêéíÞóôå ôç óõóêåõÞ áðü ôçí
	    ðñïçãïýìåíç êáôÜôìçóç (ç ïðïßá ðåñéÝ÷åé ôï ðáëéü åßäùëï, ðïõ
	    ëåéôïõñãåß óùóôÜ).  ¸ôóé ìðïñåßôå íá åðáíáöÝñåôå Üìåóá ôï óýóôçìá
	    óå ëåéôïõñãéêÞ êáôÜóôáóç.  Äéïñèþóôå ïðïéáäÞðïôå ðñïâëÞìáôá Ý÷åé
	    ôï íÝï åßäùëï, êáé åðáíáëÜâåôå ôçí äéáäéêáóßá.</para>
	</step>
      </procedure>

      <para>Ãéá íá åãêáôáóôáèåß ôï íÝï åßäùëï óå Ýíá
	óýóôçìá <application>NanoBSD</application>, ôï ïðïßï Þäç âñßóêåôáé óå
	ëåéôïõñãßá, ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß åßôå ôï
	óåíÜñéï <filename>updatep1</filename> åßôå
	ôï <filename>updatep2</filename>.  ÁõôÜ ôá äýï óåíÜñéá öëïéïý
	âñßóêïíôáé óôïí
	êáôÜëïãï <filename class="directory">/root</filename>.</para>

      <para>ÁíÜëïãá ìå ôéò õðçñåóßåò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò óôï ïðïßï äçìéïõñãåßôáé
	Ýíá åßäùëï <application>NanoBSD</application>, ìðïñåß íá ìåôáöåñèåß
	Ýíá íÝï åßäùëï óôï ôåëéêü óýóôçìá ìå äéÜöïñïõò ôñüðïõò:</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï &man.ftp.1;</title>

	<para>Áí óáò åíäéáöÝñåé ç êáëÞ ôá÷ýôçôá ìåôáöïñÜò, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå
	  ôï <acronym>FTP</acronym> ãéá ôç ìåôáöïñÜ ôïõ åéäþëïõ:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ftp myhost
get _.disk.image "| sh updatep1"</userinput></screen>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï &man.ssh.1;</title>

	<para>Áí óáò åíäéáöÝñåé ç ìåôáöïñÜ ôïõ åéäþëïõ íá ãßíåé ìå áóöáëÞ
	  ôñüðï êáé äåí Ý÷åôå áöáéñÝóåé áðü ôï áñ÷éêü åßäùëï ôï &man.ssh.1;,
	  ðñïôéìÞóôå ôç ìåôáöïñÜ ìÝóù <acronym>SSH</acronym>:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ssh myhost cat _.disk.image.gz | zcat | sh updatep1</userinput></screen>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï &man.nc.1;</title>

	<para>Áí ôï óýóôçìá óôï ïðïßï Ý÷åé äçìéïõñãçèåß ôï íÝï åßäùëï
	  ôïõ <application>NanoBSD</application> äåí ôñÝ÷åé ïýôå &man.ftpd.8;
	  ïýôå &man.sshd.8;, ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå Üëëá åñãáëåßá ãéá ôç
	  ìåôáöïñÜ, üðùò ôï &man.nc.1;:</para>

	<procedure>
	  <step>
	    <para>Ðñþôá áíïßîôå Ýíá åîõðçñåôçôÞ <acronym>TCP</acronym> óôï
	      óýóôçìá ôï ïðïßï èá ðáñÝ÷åé ôï íÝï åßäùëï, êáé ïñßóôå ôï íÝï
	      åßäùëï ùò åßóïäï ãéá ôç ìåôáöïñÜ ðïõ èá ãßíåé áñãüôåñá:</para>

	    <screen>myhost&prompt.root; <userinput>nc -l <replaceable>2222</replaceable> &lt; _.disk.image</userinput></screen>

	    <note>
	      <para>Ðñéí áðü áõôü âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ç èýñá ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå
		ãéá ôïí åîõðçñåôçôÞ ìðïñåß íá äå÷èåß åéóåñ÷üìåíåò óõíäÝóåéò
		áðü ôï óýóôçìá <application>NanoBSD</application> ðñïò ôï
		óýóôçìá ôïõ åîõðçñåôçôÞ, êáé äåí åìðïäßæåôáé, ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá,
		áðü êÜðïéï ôåß÷ïò ðñïóôáóßáò (<quote>firewall</quote>).</para>
	    </note>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Óõíäåèåßôå áðü ôï <application>NanoBSD</application> óôïí
	      åîõðçñåôçôÞ, ï ïðïßïò åßíáé Þäç Ýôïéìïò íá ðáñÝ÷åé ôï íÝï
	      åßäùëï, êáé ôñïöïäïôåßóôå ôï óåíÜñéï
	      öëïéïý <filename>updatep1</filename> ìå ôçí Ýîïäï ôïõ åñãáëåßïõ
	      &man.nc.1;:</para>

	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>nc myhost <replaceable>2222</replaceable> | sh updatep1</userinput></screen>
	  </step>
	</procedure>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <index/>
</article>