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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-7"?>
<!--
Ôï Åã÷åéñßäéï ôïõ FreeBSD: Åãêáèéóôþíôáò ôï FreeBSD
The FreeBSD Greek Documentation Project
$FreeBSD$
%SOURCE% en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/install/chapter.xml
%SRCID% 38826
-->
<chapter id="install">
<chapterinfo>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Jim</firstname>
<surname>Mock</surname>
<contrib>Áíáó÷çìáôéóìÝíï, áíáäéïñãáíùìÝíï, êáé ìåñéêþò
îáíáãñáììÝíï áðü ôïí </contrib>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Randy</firstname>
<surname>Pratt</surname>
<contrib>Ç âÞìá ðñïò âÞìá äéáäéêáóßá ôïõ sysinstall, ïé åéêüíåò, êáé
ãåíéêÝò äéïñèþóåéò êåéìÝíïõ áðü ôïí </contrib>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<!-- January 2000 -->
</chapterinfo>
<title>ÅãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os; 8.<replaceable>x</replaceable> êáé
ÐñïãåíÝóôåñùí Åêäüóåùí</title>
<sect1 id="install-synopsis">
<title>Óýíïøç</title>
<indexterm><primary>åãêáôÜóôáóç</primary></indexterm>
<para>Ôï &os; äéáíÝìåôáé ìå Ýíá åý÷ñçóôï, ìç ãñáöéêü ðñüãñáììá
åãêáôÜóôáóçò. Áðü ôçí Ýêäïóç 9.0-RELEASE êáé ìåôÜ, ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé
ôï <application>bsdinstall</application> åíþ ïé ðáëáéüôåñåò åêäüóåéò
÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí ôï <application>sysinstall</application>. Óôï êåöÜëáéï
áõôü ðåñéãñÜöåôáé ç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ <application>sysinstall</application>
ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;. Ç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ
<application>bsdinstall</application> ðåñéãñÜöåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="bsdinstall"/>.</para>
<para>Áöïý äéáâÜóåôå áõôü ôï êåöÜëáéï, èá îÝñåôå:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Ðùò íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå äéóêÝôåò åãêáôÜóôáóçò ãéá ôï &os;.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ðùò áíáöÝñåôáé óôïõò óêëçñïýò äßóêïõò óáò ôï &os; êáé ðùò ôïõò
÷ùñßæåé óå êáôáôìÞóåéò.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ðùò íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôï
<application>sysinstall</application>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ôéò åñùôÞóåéò ðïõ èá óáò êÜíåé ôï
<application>sysinstall</application>, ôé óçìáßíïõí, êáé ðùò íá ôéò
áðáíôÞóåôå.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Ðñéí äéáâÜóåôå áõôü ôï êåöÜëáéï, èá ðñÝðåé:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Íá äéáâÜóåôå ôç ëßóôá ôïõ õðïóôçñéæüìåíïõ õëéêïý ðïõ Ýñ÷åôáé ìå
ôçí Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os; ôçí ïðïßá èá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå, êáé íá åðáëçèåýóåôå
üôé ôï õëéêü ðïõ Ý÷åôå õðïóôçñßæåôáé áðü ôï &os;.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<note>
<para>Óå ãåíéêÝò ãñáììÝò áõôÝò ïé ïäçãßåò åãêáôÜóôáóçò åßíáé ãñáììÝíåò
ãéá ôïõò &i386; (<quote>PC óõìâáôïýò</quote>) áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞò
õðïëïãéóôÝò. ¼ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåôáé, èá åìöáíßæïíôáé óõãêåêñéìÝíåò ïäçãßåò
ãéá Üëëåò ðëáôöüñìåò. Áí êáé áõôüò ï ïäçãüò
äéáôçñåßôáé üóï ôï äõíáôüí ðéï åíçìåñùìÝíïò, åßíáé ðéèáíüí íá âñåßôå
ìéêñÝò äéáöïñÝò ìåôáîý ôïõ ðñïãñÜììáôïò åãêáôÜóôáóçò êáé áõôïý ðïõ
öáßíåôáé åäþ. Óáò ðñïôåßíïõìå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï êåöÜëáéï áõôü
ðåñéóóüôåñï óáí ãåíéêü ïäçãü ðáñÜ óáí Ýíá êáôÜ ãñÜììá åã÷åéñßäéï
åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
</note>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-hardware">
<title>ÁðáéôÞóåéò Õëéêïý</title>
<sect2 id="install-hardware-minimal">
<title>ÅëÜ÷éóôåò ÁðáéôÞóåéò</title>
<para>Ïé åëÜ÷éóôåò áðáéôÞóåéò ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os; ðïéêßëïõí
áíÜëïãá ìå ôçí Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os; êáé ôçí áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ ôïõ
õëéêïý.</para>
<para>Óôéò ðáñáêÜôù åíüôçôåò èá âñåßôå ìéá ðåñßëçøç ôùí ðëçñïöïñéþí
áõôþí. ÁíÜëïãá ìå ôïí ôñüðï ðïõ èá åðéëÝîåôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï
&os;, ìðïñåß íá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå ìïíÜäá äéóêÝôáò, Ýíá õðïóôçñéæüìåíï ïäçãü
CD-ROM, êáé óå ïñéóìÝíåò ðåñéðôþóåéò, êÜñôá äéêôýïõ. Ôá ðáñáðÜíù
êáëýðôïíôáé óôï <xref linkend="install-boot-media"/>.</para>
<sect3>
<title>Áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÝò &os;/&arch.i386; êáé &os;/&arch.pc98;</title>
<para>Ïé åêäüóåéò &os;/&i386; êáé &os;/&arch.pc98; áðáéôïýí 486 Þ
êáëýôåñï åðåîåñãáóôÞ êáé ôïõëÜ÷éóôïí 24 MB RAM. Èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå
ôïõëÜ÷éóôïí 150 MB åëåýèåñïõ ÷þñïõ óôï óêëçñü äßóêï ãéá ôçí
ðëÝïí åëÜ÷éóôç åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<note>
<para>Óå ðåñéðôþóåéò ðáëéþí ìç÷áíçìÜôùí, ôéò ðåñéóóüôåñåò öïñÝò,
ç ýðáñîç ðåñéóóüôåñçò ìíÞìçò RAM êáé åëåýèåñïõ ÷þñïõ óôï äßóêï
åßíáé ðéï óçìáíôéêÞ áðü Ýíá ôá÷ýôåñï åðåîåñãáóôÞ.</para>
</note>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ &os;/&arch.amd64;</title>
<para>ÕðÜñ÷ïõí äýï êëÜóåéò åðåîåñãáóôþí éêáíÝò íá åêôåëÝóïõí ôï
&os;/&arch.amd64;. Ç ðñþôç, åßíáé ïé åðåîåñãáóôÝò AMD64,
ðåñéëáìâáíïìÝíïõ ôïõ &amd.athlon;64, ôïõ
&amd.athlon;64-FX, ôïõ &amd.opteron; Þ êáëýôåñùí.</para>
<para>Ç äåýôåñç êëÜóç åðåîåñãáóôþí ðïõ ìðïñïýí íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóïõí
&os;/&arch.amd64;, ðåñéëáìâÜíåé üóïõò ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí ôçí
áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ &intel; EM64T. Ðáñáäåßãìáôá ôùí åðåîåñãáóôþí áõôþí
ðåñéëáìâÜíïõí ôéò ïéêïãÝíåéåò &intel; &core; 2 Duo, Quad,
Extreme êáèþò êáé ôç óåéñÜ åðåîåñãáóôþí &intel; &xeon;
3000, 5000, êáé 7000.</para>
<para>Áí ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò åßíáé âáóéóìÝíï óå nVidia nForce3 Pro-150,
èá <emphasis>ðñÝðåé</emphasis> íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí êáôÜëëçëç
åðéëïãÞ óôï BIOS ãéá íá áðåíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôï IO APIC. Áí ç åðéëïãÞ
áõôÞ äåí õðÜñ÷åé, èá ðñÝðåé íá áðåíåñãïðïéÞóåôå áíôß áõôïý ôï ACPI.
ÕðÜñ÷ïõí ðñïâëÞìáôá óôï Pro-150 ãéá ôá ïðïßá ìÝ÷ñé óôéãìÞò äåí Ý÷åé
âñåèåß ëýóç ðïõ íá ôá ðáñáêÜìðôåé.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ &os;/&arch.sparc64;</title>
<para>Ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os;/&arch.sparc64;, èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå ìéá
õðïóôçñéæüìåíç ðëáôöüñìá (äåßôå <xref
linkend="install-hardware-supported"/>).</para>
<para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå Ýíá äßóêï ãéá áðïêëåéóôéêÞ ÷ñÞóç áðü ôï
&os;/&arch.sparc64;. Ôç äåäïìÝíç óôéãìÞ, äåí åßíáé äõíáôüí íá
ìïéñÜæåôáé ôïí ßäéï äßóêï ôï &os; ìå Ýíá Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü
óýóôçìá.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-hardware-supported">
<title>Õðïóôçñéæüìåíï Õëéêü</title>
<para>Ç ëßóôá ìå ôï õðïóôçñéæüìåíï õëéêü, ðáñÝ÷åôáé óôéò Óçìåéþóåéò
Õëéêïý (Hardware Notes) ìå êÜèå Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os;. Ôï Ýããñáöï áõôü
ìðïñåß óõíÞèùò íá âñåèåß ìå üíïìá áñ÷åßïõ
<filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>, óôïí ñéæéêü
êáôÜëïãï ìéá äéáíïìÞò CDROM Þ FTP, Þ êáé óôï ìåíïý documentation ôïõ
<application>sysinstall</application>. Ãéá êÜèå áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ,
èá âñåßôå ìéá ëßóôá óõóêåõþí ïé ïðïßåò åðéâåâáéùìÝíá õðïóôçñßæïíôáé
áðü ôï &os;. Áíôßãñáöá ôïõ êáôáëüãïõ õðïóôçñéæüìåíïõ õëéêïý ãéá
äéÜöïñåò åêäüóåéò êáé áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÝò ìðïñïýí åðßóçò íá âñåèïýí óôç
óåëßäá <ulink
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/index.html">Ðëçñïöïñéþí
¸êäïóçò</ulink> óôï äéêôõáêü ôüðï ôïõ &os;.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-pre">
<title>Åñãáóßåò ðñéí ôçí ÅãêáôÜóôáóç</title>
<sect2 id="install-inventory">
<title>ÁðïãñáöÞ Õëéêïý ôïõ ÕðïëïãéóôÞ óáò</title>
<para>Ðñéí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; ðñÝðåé íá åðé÷åéñÞóåôå íá áðïãñÜøåôå
ôá åîáñôÞìáôá ôïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò. Ïé ñïõôßíåò åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os;
èá óáò äåßîïõí ôá åîáñôÞìáôá (óêëçñïýò äßóêïõò, êÜñôåò äéêôýïõ,
ïäçãïýò CDROM êëð.) ìå ôá ïíüìáôá ôùí ìïíôÝëùí êáé ôùí êáôáóêåõáóôþí
ôïõò. Ôï &os; èá åðé÷åéñÞóåé åðßóçò íá ðñïóäéïñßóåé ôéò óùóôÝò
ñõèìßóåéò ãéá ôéò óõóêåõÝò áõôÝò, óõìðåñéëáìâáíïìÝíùí êáé ôùí
ðëçñïöïñéþí ãéá ôç ÷ñÞóç IRQ êáé èõñþí IO. Ëüãù ôùí éäéïìïñöéþí ôïõ
õëéêïý ôùí PC, ç äéáäéêáóßá áõôÞ äåí åßíáé ðÜíôá åðéôõ÷Þò, êáé ßóùò
÷ñåéáóôåß íá äéïñèþóåôå ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ðïõ áíß÷íåõóå ôï &os;.</para>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå Þäç Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá åãêáôåóôçìÝíï, üðùò
&windows; Þ Linux, åßíáé ãåíéêÜ êáëÞ éäÝá íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôéò
äõíáôüôçôåò ðïõ óáò ðáñÝ÷åé ãéá íá äåßôå ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ õëéêïý óáò.
Áí äåí åßóôå óßãïõñïé ãéá ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ìéáò êÜñôáò åðÝêôáóçò, ßóùò
íá ôéò âñåßôå ôõðùìÝíåò ðÜíù óôçí ßäéá ôçí êÜñôá. ÓõíçèéóìÝíá IRQ
åßíáé ôá 3, 5 êáé 7 åíþ ïé èýñåò IO óõíÞèùò ãñÜöïíôáé ùò äåêáåîáäéêïß
áñéèìïß, ð.÷. 0x330.</para>
<para>Óáò óõíéóôïýìå íá ãñÜøåôå Þ íá åêôõðþóåôå ôéò ðëçñïöïñßåò áõôÝò
ðñéí ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;. Óáí õðüäåéãìá, ìðïñåßôå íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå Ýíá ðßíáêá üðùò ôïí ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
<table pgwide="1" frame="none">
<title>Õðüäåéãìá ÁðïãñáöÞò Óõóêåõþí</title>
<tgroup cols="4">
<colspec colwidth="2*"/>
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="4*"/>
<thead>
<row>
<entry>¼íïìá ÓõóêåõÞò</entry>
<entry>IRQ</entry>
<entry>IO èýñåò</entry>
<entry>Óçìåéþóåéò</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Ðñþôïò Óêëçñüò Äßóêïò</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>40 GB, ôçò Seagate, master óôï ðñþôï IDE</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>CDROM</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>slave óôï ðñþôï IDE</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Äåýôåñïò Óêëçñüò Äßóêïò</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>20 GB, ôçò IBM, master óôï äåýôåñï IDE</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Ðñþôïò ÅëåãêôÞò IDE</entry>
<entry>14</entry>
<entry>0x1f0</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ÊÜñôá Äéêôýïõ</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>&intel; 10/100</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Modem</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>&tm.3com; 56K faxmodem, óôçí COM1</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>…</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>¼ôáí ôåëåéþóåôå ôçí áðïãñáöÞ åîáñôçìÜôùí ôïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò, èá
ðñÝðåé íá åëÝãîåôå áí ôáéñéÜæïõí ìå ôéò áðáéôÞóåéò õëéêïý ôçò Ýêäïóçò
&os; ðïõ óêïðåýåôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ÊñáôÞóôå Áíôßãñáöá Áóöáëåßáò ôùí ÄåäïìÝíùí óáò</title>
<para>Áí ï õðïëïãéóôÞò óôïí ïðïßï èá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; ðåñéÝ÷åé
ðïëýôéìá äåäïìÝíá, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå êñáôÞóåé áíôßãñáöá áóöáëåßáò
ôá ïðïßá ìÜëéóôá Ý÷åôå åëÝãîåé üôé äïõëåýïõí, ðñéí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï
&os;. Ôï ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os; èá óáò ñùôÞóåé ðñéí ãñÜøåé
ïôéäÞðïôå óôï äßóêï óáò, áëëÜ áðü ôç óôéãìÞ ðïõ ç äéáäéêáóßá áõôÞ
îåêéíÞóåé, äåí õðÜñ÷åé äõíáôüôçôá åðéóôñïöÞò.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-where">
<title>Áðïöáóßóôå ðïõ èá ÅãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os;</title>
<para>Áí èÝëåôå ôï &os; íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé ïëüêëçñï ôï óêëçñü óáò äßóêï,
äåí õðÜñ÷åé êÜôé Üëëï ðïõ ðñÝðåé íá êÜíåôå áõôÞ ôç óôéãìÞ —
ìðïñåßôå íá ðáñáëåßøåôå áõôü ôï ôìÞìá.</para>
<para>Áí ùóôüóï èÝëåôå ôï &os; íá óõíõðÜñ÷åé ìå Üëëá ëåéôïõñãéêÜ
óõóôÞìáôá, ðñÝðåé íá êáôáíïåßôå ÷ïíäñéêÜ ôïí ôñüðï äéÜôáîçò ôùí
äåäïìÝíùí óôï äßóêï, êáé ôéò åðéäñÜóåéò ðïõ ìðïñåß ðñïêáëÝóåé.</para>
<sect3 id="install-where-i386">
<title>ÊáôáôìÞóåéò Äßóêùí ãéá Áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ &os;/&arch.i386;</title>
<para>¸íáò óêëçñüò äßóêïò PC ìðïñåß íá ÷ùñéóôåß óå äéáêñéôÜ ôìÞìáôá.
Ôá ôìÞìáôá áõôÜ êáëïýíôáé
<firstterm>êáôáôìÞóåéò (partitions)</firstterm>.
ÅðåéäÞ ôï &os; Ý÷åé åðßóçò åóùôåñéêÝò êáôáôìÞóåéò, ç ïíïìáóßá
ãñÞãïñá ìðïñåß íá ïäçãÞóåé óå óýã÷õóç, êáé ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü ïé
åîùôåñéêÝò êáôáôìÞóåéò áíáöÝñïíôáé ùò disk slices (öÝôåò) Þ áðëþò
slices óôï &os;. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá ôï ðñüãñáììá
<command>fdisk</command> ôïõ &os;, ôï ïðïßï ÷åéñßæåôáé ôéò
êáôáôìÞóåéò äßóêùí ôïõ PC, ôéò áíáöÝñåé ùò slices áíôß ãéá
partitions. Áðü ôç ó÷åäßáóç ôïõ, ôï PC õðïóôçñßæåé ìüíï ôÝóóåñéò
êáôáôìÞóåéò áíÜ äßóêï. Ïé êáôáôìÞóåéò áõôÝò ïíïìÜæïíôáé
<firstterm> ðñùôåýïõóåò (primary partitions)</firstterm>.
Ãéá íá îåðåñáóôåß áõôüò ï ðåñéïñéóìüò êáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóïõìå
ðåñéóóüôåñåò êáôáôìÞóåéò, äçìéïõñãÞèçêå Ýíá íÝï åßäïò êáôÜôìçóçò, ç
<firstterm>åêôåôáìÝíç êáôÜôìçóç (extended partition)</firstterm>.
¸íáò äßóêïò ìðïñåß íá ðåñéÝ÷åé ìüíï ìéá åêôåôáìÝíç êáôÜôìçóç. ÌÝóá
óôçí åêôåôáìÝíç êáôÜôìçóç ìðïñïýí íá äçìéïõñãçèïýí åéäéêÝò
<firstterm>ëïãéêÝò êáôáôìÞóåéò</firstterm>.</para>
<para>ÊÜèå êáôÜôìçóç äéáèÝôåé Ýíá <firstterm>partition ID</firstterm>,
Ýíá áñéèìü ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá íá áíáãíùñßæåé ôïí ôýðï äåäïìÝíùí
ôçò êáôÜôìçóçò. Ïé êáôáôìÞóåéò ôïõ &os; Ý÷ïõí ãéá partition ID ôï
<literal>165</literal>.</para>
<para>ÃåíéêÜ, êÜèå ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå Ý÷åé êÜðïéï
ôñüðï ãéá íá áíáãíùñßæåé ôéò êáôáôìÞóåéò. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá ôï
&ms-dos; êáé ôá ðáñÜãùãá ôïõ, üðùò ôá &windows;, áíáèÝôïõí
<firstterm>ãñÜììáôá ïäçãþí</firstterm> óå êÜèå ðñùôåýïõóá êáé
ëïãéêÞ êáôÜôìçóç, îåêéíþíôáò áðü ôï ãñÜììá
<devicename>C:</devicename>.</para>
<para>Ôï &os; ðñÝðåé íá åãêáôáóôáèåß óå ðñùôåýïõóá êáôÜôìçóç. Ôï &os;
ìðïñåß íá êñáôÞóåé üëá ôá äåäïìÝíá ôïõ, óõìðåñéëáìâáíïìÝíùí êáé ôùí
áñ÷åßùí ðïõ èá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå åóåßò, óå áõôÞ ôç ìïíáäéêÞ êáôÜôìçóç.
Ðáñüëá áõôÜ, áí Ý÷åôå ðåñéóóüôåñïõò áðü Ýíá äßóêïõò, ìðïñåßôå íá
äçìéïõñãÞóåôå êáôáôìÞóåéò &os; óå üëïõò Þ ìåñéêïýò áðü áõôïýò. ¼ôáí
åãêáèéóôÜôå ôï &os; ðñÝðåé íá Ý÷åôå ìéá êáôÜôìçóç äéáèÝóéìç.
Ìðïñåß íá åßíáé ìéá êåíÞ êáôÜôìçóç ðïõ Ý÷åôå ðñïåôïéìÜóåé áðü ðñéí,
Þ ìéá õðÜñ÷ïõóá ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé äåäïìÝíá ðïõ äåí óáò åíäéáöÝñïõí
ðëÝïí.</para>
<para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå Þäç üëåò ôéò êáôáôìÞóåéò óå üëïõò ôïõò äßóêïõò
óáò, ôüôå ðñÝðåé íá åëåõèåñþóåôå ìßá ãéá ôï &os; ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá
åñãáëåßá ðïõ ðáñÝ÷ïíôáé áðü ôá Üëëá ëåéôïõñãéêÜ óõóôÞìáôá ðïõ
÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå (ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ôçí <command>fdisk</command> óôï
&ms-dos; Þ &windows;).</para>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå ìéá äéáèÝóéìç êáôÜôìçóç, ìðïñåßôå íá ôçí
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå. ºóùò üìùò ÷ñåéáóôåß íá óõññéêíþóåôå ðñþôá ìßá Þ
ðåñéóóüôåñåò áðü ôéò õðÜñ÷ïõóåò êáôáôìÞóåéò óáò.</para>
<para>Ìéá åëÜ÷éóôç åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os; ìðïñåß íá êáôáëÜâåé ìüëéò
100 MB ÷þñïõ óôï äßóêï. Ùóôüóï áõôÞ åßíáé ìéá <emphasis>ðïëý
</emphasis> åëÜ÷éóôç åãêáôÜóôáóç ç ïðïßá äåí èá áöÞóåé êáèüëïõ
ó÷åäüí ÷þñï ãéá äéêÜ óáò áñ÷åßá. ¸íá ðéï ñåáëéóôéêü åëÜ÷éóôï
åßíáé ôá 250 MB ãéá ÷ñÞóç ÷ùñßò ãñáöéêü ðåñéâÜëëïí êáé
350 MB Þ ðåñéóóüôåñá áí èÝëåôå ãñáöéêü ðåñéâÜëëïí åñãáóßáò.
Áí Ý÷åôå óêïðü íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå áñêåôÜ ðñïãñÜììáôá ôñßôùí
êáôáóêåõáóôþí, èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå áêüìá ðåñéóóüôåñï ÷þñï.</para>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå êÜðïéï åìðïñéêÜ äéáèÝóéìï åñãáëåßï
üðùò ôï <application>&partitionmagic;</application>, Þ êÜðïéï
åëåýèåñï åñãáëåßï üðùò ôï <application>GParted</application>, ãéá
íá áëëÜîåôå ìåãÝèç óôéò êáôáôìÞóåéò óáò êáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ÷þñï
ãéá ôï &os;. Ôüóï ôï <application>&partitionmagic;</application>
üóï êáé ôï <application>GParted</application> ìðïñïýí íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéçèïýí óå êáôáôìÞóåéò <acronym>NTFS</acronym>. Ôï
<application>GParted</application> åßíáé äéáèÝóéìï óå áñêåôÝò
äéáíïìÝò Linux Live CD, üðùò ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá ôï
<ulink url="http://www.sysresccd.org/">SystemRescueCD</ulink>.</para>
<para>¸÷ïõí áíáöåñèåß ðñïâëÞìáôá êáôÜ ôçí áëëáãÞ ìåãÝèïõò êáôáôìÞóåùí
ôùí µsoft; Vista. Óõíßóôáôáé íá Ý÷åôå ðñü÷åéñï Ýíá CDROM
åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôùí Vista ðñéí åðé÷åéñÞóåôå áõôÞ ôç äéáäéêáóßá. ¼ðùò
êáé ìå üëåò ôéò áíôßóôïé÷åò äéáäéêáóßåò äßóêùí, óõíßóôáôáé åðßóçò
íá Ý÷åôå Ýíá åíçìåñùìÝíï óåô áíôéãñÜöùí áóöáëåßáò.</para>
<warning>
<para>ËáíèáóìÝíç ÷ñÞóç ôùí åñãáëåßùí áõôþí ìðïñåß íá ïäçãÞóåé óå
äéáãñáöÞ ôùí äåäïìÝíùí ôïõ äßóêïõ óáò. Ðñéí ôá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå,
âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå ðñüóöáôá áíôßãñáöá áóöáëåßáò ôá ïðïßá
äïõëåýïõí.</para>
</warning>
<example>
<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ìéá ÕðÜñ÷ïõóá ÊáôÜôìçóç ÷ùñßò íá ôçí
ÁëëÜîåôå</title>
<para>ÕðïèÝóôå üôé Ý÷åôå Ýíá õðïëïãéóôÞ ìå Ýíá ìüíï óêëçñü äßóêï
4 GB óôïí ïðïßï Ý÷åôå Þäç åãêáôåóôçìÝíç ìéá Ýêäïóç ôùí
&windows; êáé ôïí Ý÷åôå ÷ùñßóåé óå äýï ïäçãïýò ìå ãñÜììáôá
<devicename>C:</devicename> êáé <devicename>D:</devicename>,
êáèÝíá ìå ìÝãåèïò 2 GB. ¸÷åôå 1 GB äåäïìÝíùí óôï
<devicename>C:</devicename> êáé 0.5 GB äåäïìÝíùí óôï
<devicename>D:</devicename>.</para>
<para>Áõôü óçìáßíåé üôé ï äßóêïò óáò Ý÷åé äýï êáôáôìÞóåéò, ìßá áíÜ
ãñÜììá ïäçãïý. Ìðïñåßôå íá áíôéãñÜøåôå üëá ôá õðÜñ÷ïíôá äåäïìÝíá
óáò áðü ôïí
<devicename>D:</devicename> óôï <devicename>C:</devicename> êáé
íá åëåõèåñþóåôå Ýôóé ôçí äåýôåñç êáôÜôìçóç, þóôå íá åßíáé Ýôïéìç
ãéá ôï &os;.</para>
</example>
<example>
<title>Óõññéêíþíïíôáò ìéá ÕðÜñ÷ïõóá ÊáôÜôìçóç</title>
<para>ÕðïèÝóôå üôé Ý÷åôå Ýíá õðïëïãéóôÞ ìå Ýíá ìüíï äßóêï 4
GB óôïí ïðïßï Ý÷åôå Þäç åãêáôáóôÞóåé ìéá Ýêäïóç ôùí &windows;.
¼ôáí åãêáôáóôÞóáôå ôá &windows;, äçìéïõñãÞóáôå ìéá ìåãÜëç
êáôÜôìçóç ìå ôï ãñÜììá <devicename>C:</devicename> êáé ìÝãåèïò
4 GB. ÁõôÞ ôç óôéãìÞ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé 1.5 GB ÷þñïõ êáé
èÝëåôå íá äþóåôå óôï &os; 2 GB ÷þñï.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; èá ðñÝðåé åßôå:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Íá ðÜñåôå áíôßãñáöï áóöáëåßáò ôùí äåäïìÝíùí óáò
ôùí &windows; êáé Ýðåéôá íá ôá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå îáíÜ,
äçìéïõñãþíôáò áõôÞ ôç öïñÜ ìéá êáôÜôìçóç ìåãÝèïõò 2 GB
êáôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå êÜðïéï áðü ôá åñãáëåßá üðùò ôï
<application>&partitionmagic;</application> ðïõ ðåñéãñÜøáìå
ðáñáðÜíù þóôå íá óõññéêíþóåôå ôçí êáôÜôìçóç ôùí
&windows;.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</example>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ÓõëëÝîôå Ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá ôç Ñýèìéóç ôïõ Äéêôýïõ óáò</title>
<para>Áí óêïðåýåôå íá óõíäåèåßôå óå Ýíá äßêôõï êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò
åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os; (ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá áí ðñüêåéôáé íá êÜíåôå
åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù êÜðïéáò ôïðïèåóßáò FTP Þ ìÝóù äéáêïìéóôÞ NFS), ôüôå
ðñÝðåé íá ãíùñßæåôå ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ äéêôýïõ óáò. ÊáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá
ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò, èá åñùôçèåßôå ãéá áõôÝò ôéò ñõèìßóåéò þóôå ôï &os;
íá ìðïñÝóåé íá óõíäåèåß óôï äßêôõï êáé íá ïëïêëçñþóåé ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<sect3>
<title>Óýíäåóç ìå Äßêôõï Ethernet Þ Modem Cable/DSL</title>
<para>Áí óõíäÝåóôå óå äßêôõï Ethernet Þ áí Ý÷åôå óýíäåóç Internet ìå
÷ñÞóç åëåãêôÞ Ethernet ìÝóù êáëùäéáêÞò Þ DSL óýíäåóçò, èá
÷ñåéáóôåßôå ôéò áêüëïõèåò ðëçñïöïñßåò:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Äéåýèõíóç IP (IP Address)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Äéåýèõíóç IP ôçò ðñïåðéëåãìÝíçò ðýëçò
(default gateway)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>¼íïìá õðïëïãéóôÞ (hostname)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Äéåõèýíóåéò IP ôïõ äéáêïìéóôÞ DNS (DNS server IP
addresses)</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÌÜóêá Õðïäéêôýïõ (Subnet Mask)</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>Áí äåí ãíùñßæåôå áõôÝò ôéò ðëçñïöïñßåò, ñùôÞóôå ôï äéá÷åéñéóôÞ
óõóôÞìáôïò Þ ôïí ðáñï÷Ýá õðçñåóéþí Internet ðïõ óáò åîõðçñåôåß.
Ç áðÜíôçóç ìðïñåß íá åßíáé üôé ïé ðëçñïöïñßåò áõôÝò åê÷ùñïýíôáé
áõôüìáôá ìå ÷ñÞóç <firstterm>DHCP</firstterm>. Óçìåéþóôå ôçí
ðëçñïöïñßá áõôÞ.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Óýíäåóç ìÝóù Modem</title>
<para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå åðéëïãéêÞ (dial up) óýíäåóç ìå êÜðïéï ðáñï÷Ýá
Internet (ISP) ìå ÷ñÞóç áðëïý modem, ìðïñåßôå êáé ðÜëé íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; ìÝóù Internet, áëëÜ èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå ðÜñá ðïëý
÷ñüíï.</para>
<para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá îÝñåôå:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Ôïí áñéèìü êëÞóçò ôïõ ISP óáò</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ôç óåéñéáêÞ èýñá (COM:) óôçí ïðïßá åßíáé óõíäåìÝíï ôï modem
óáò</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç (username) êáé êùäéêü (password) ãéá ôï
ëïãáñéáóìü óáò óôïí ISP</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ÅëÝãîôå ãéá ÐáñïñÜìáôá (Errata) óôï &os;</title>
<para>Áí êáé ôï &os; project ðáó÷ßæåé ãéá íá åîáóöáëßóåé üôé êÜèå Ýêäïóç
ôïõ &os; èá åßíáé üóï ðéï óôáèåñÞ ãßíåôáé, ïñéóìÝíåò öïñÝò óôç
äéáäéêáóßá áõôÞ åéóÝñ÷ïíôáé ëÜèç. Óå ðïëý óðÜíéåò ðåñéðôþóåéò, ôá
ëÜèç áõôÜ åðçñåÜæïõí ôç äéáäéêáóßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò. Êáèþò ôá ðñïâëÞìáôá
áõôÜ ãßíïíôáé áíôéëçðôÜ êáé åðéäéïñèþíïíôáé, óçìåéþíïíôáé óôá
<ulink url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/&rel.current;R/errata.html">ÐáñïñÜìáôá &os; (&os; Errata)</ulink> ôá ïðïßá âñßóêïíôáé óôçí äéêôõáêÞ
ôïðïèåóßá ôïõ &os;. Ðñéí îåêéíÞóåôå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç, Èá ðñÝðåé íá
åëÝãîåôå ôá ÐáñïñÜìáôá ãéá íá âåâáéùèåßôå üôé äåí õðÜñ÷ïõí ðñïâëÞìáôá
ôçò ôåëåõôáßáò óôéãìÞò ôá ïðïßá èá Ýðñåðå íá ãíùñßæåôå.</para>
<para>Ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá üëåò ôéò åêäüóåéò, ðåñéëáìâáíïìÝíùí êáé ôùí
ðáñïñáìÜôùí ãéá êÜèå ìßá, ìðïñïýí íá âñåèïýí óôç óåëßäá <ulink
url="&url.base;/releases/index.html">ðëçñïöïñéþí Ýêäïóçò</ulink>
ôçò <ulink
url="&url.base;/index.html">äéêôõáêÞò ôïðïèåóßáò ôïõ &os;</ulink>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ÁíáêôÞóôå ôá Áñ÷åßá ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os;</title>
<para>Ç äéáäéêáóßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os; ìðïñåß íá åãêáôáóôÞóåé ôï
ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò áñ÷åßá áðü ôéò ðáñáêÜôù
ôïðïèåóßåò:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<title>ÔïðéêÜ ÌÝóá</title>
<listitem>
<para>CDROM Þ DVD</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÌíÞìç flash ìå óýíäåóç USB</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ìéá êáôÜôìçóç &ms-dos; ðïõ âñßóêåôáé óôïí ßäéï õðïëïãéóôÞ</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ìéá ôáéíßá SCSI Þ QIC</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÄéóêÝôåò</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<itemizedlist>
<title>Äßêôõï</title>
<listitem>
<para>Ìéá ôïðïèåóßá FTP, ìÝóù firewall Þ ìå ÷ñÞóç äéáêïìéóôÞ
ìåóïëÜâçóçò (HTTP proxy) áí åßíáé áíáãêáßï.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>¸íá åîõðçñåôçôÞ NFS</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ìéá áðïêëåéóôéêÞ ðáñÜëëçëç Þ óåéñéáêÞ óýíäåóç</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå áãïñÜóåé ôï &os; óå CD Þ DVD, ôüôå Ý÷åôå Þäç üôé
÷ñåéÜæåóôå êáé ìðïñåßôå íá ðÜôå óôï åðüìåíï ôìÞìá
(<xref linkend="install-boot-media"/>).</para>
<para>Áí äåí Ý÷åôå áêüìá áíáêôÞóåé ôá áñ÷åßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os;
èá ðñÝðåé íá äåßôå ôï <xref linkend="install-diff-media"/> ôï ïðïßï
åîçãåß ðùò íá ðñïåôïéìáóôåßôå ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os; ìå
ïðïéïäÞðïôå áðü ôïõò ðáñáðÜíù ôñüðïõò. Áöïý äéáâÜóåôå ôï ôìÞìá áõôü,
èá ðñÝðåé íá ãõñßóåôå îáíÜ åäþ êáé íá äéáâÜóåôå áðü ôï
<xref linkend="install-boot-media"/>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-boot-media">
<title>ÅôïéìÜóôå ôá ÌÝóá Åêêßíçóçò</title>
<para>Ç äéáäéêáóßá åêêßíçóçò ôïõ &os; îåêéíÜåé ìå ôçí åêêßíçóç ôïõ
õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò óôï ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os;—äåí
ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ðñüãñáììá ôï ïðïßï ìðïñåßôå íá åêôåëÝóåôå ìÝóá áðü
êÜðïéï Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá. Ï õðïëïãéóôÞò óáò öõóéïëïãéêÜ
åêêéíåß ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá ðïõ åßíáé
åãêáôåóôçìÝíï óôï óêëçñü äßóêï óáò, áëëÜ ìðïñåß åðßóçò íá ñõèìéóôåß
íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ìéá <quote>äéóêÝôá åêêßíçóçò</quote>. Ïé
ðåñéóóüôåñïé óýã÷ñïíïé õðïëïãéóôÝò ìðïñïýí åðßóçò íá åêêéíÞóïõí áðü
Ýíá CDROM óôïí áíôßóôïé÷ï ïäçãü áíÜãíùóçò, Þ áðü ìéá ìíÞìç flash
ìå óýíäåóç USB.</para>
<tip>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå ôï &os; óå CDROM Þ DVD (åßôå ðïõ áãïñÜóáôå, åßôå ðïõ
åôïéìÜóáôå ï ßäéïò), êáé ï õðïëïãéóôÞò óáò åðéôñÝðåé åêêßíçóç áðü
CDROM Þ DVD (ôõðéêÜ ìÝóù ôçò åðéëïãÞò <quote>Boot Order</quote> Þ
áíôßóôïé÷çò ôïõ BIOS), ìðïñåßôå íá ðáñáëåßøåôå áõôü ôï ôìÞìá. Ôá CD
Þ DVD ôïõ &os; åßíáé åêêéíÞóéìá êáé ìðïñïýí íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèïýí ãéá
ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os; ÷ùñßò êáìéÜ Üëëç éäéáßôåñç
ðñïåôïéìáóßá.</para>
</tip>
<para>Ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá åêêéíÞóéìç ìíÞìç flash USB, áêïëïõèÞóôå
ôá ðáñáêÜôù âÞìáôá:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<title>ÁíáêôÞóôå ôçí Åéêüíá ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò ãéá ÌíÞìç Flash USB</title>
<para>Ãéá ôï &os; 8.<replaceable>X</replaceable> ìðïñåßôå íá
êáôåâÜóåôå ôï áñ÷åßï åéêüíáò áðü ôïí êáôÜëïãï
<filename class="directory">ISO-IMAGES/</filename> óôçí ôïðïèåóßá
<literal>ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/ISO-IMAGES/<replaceable>version</replaceable>/&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-memstick.img</literal>.
ÁíôéêáôáóôÞóôå ôï <replaceable>arch</replaceable> êáé ôï
<replaceable>version</replaceable> ìå ôçí áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ êáé ôçí
Ýêäïóç ðïõ åðéèõìåßôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ôá áñ÷åßá
ãéá ôï &os;/&arch.i386; &rel2.current;-RELEASE åßíáé
äéáèÝóéìá óôçí ôïðïèåóßá <ulink
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/&arch.i386;/ISO-IMAGES/&rel.current;/&os;-&rel2.current;-RELEASE-&arch.i386;-memstick.img"></ulink>.</para>
<tip>
<para>Ãéá ôï &os; 9.0-RELEASE êáé íåüôåñåò åêäüóåéò,
÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé äéáöïñåôéêüò êáôÜëïãïò. Ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò
ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôçí áíÜêôçóç êáé åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ
&os; 9.0-RELEASE êáé ìåôáãåíÝóôåñùí åêäüóåùí, äåßôå
ôï <xref linkend="bsdinstall"/>.</para>
</tip>
<para>Ôï áñ÷åßï ðïõ ðñïïñßæåôáé ãéá ÷ñÞóç ìå ìíÞìç USB, Ý÷åé
êáôÜëçîç <filename>.img</filename>. Ï êáôÜëïãïò
<filename class="directory">ISO-IMAGES/</filename> ðåñéÝ÷åé
ðëÞèïò äéáöïñåôéêþí áñ÷åßùí êáé áõôü ðïõ èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå
åîáñôÜôáé óôçí ðñáãìáôéêüôçôá áðü ôçí Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os; ðïõ èá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå êáé åíäå÷ïìÝíùò êáé áðü ôï õëéêü ôïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ
óáò.</para>
<important>
<para>Ðñéí ðñï÷ùñÞóåôå, êñáôÞóôå áíôßãñáöï ôùí äåäïìÝíùí ðïõ
åíäå÷ïìÝíùò õðÜñ÷ïõí óôç USB flash ìíÞìç óáò. Ç äéáäéêáóßá
ðïõ ðåñéãñÜöïõìå èá <emphasis>äéáãñÜøåé</emphasis> üëá ôá
ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôçò.</para>
</important>
</step>
<step>
<title>ÃñÜøôå ôï Áñ÷åßï Åéêüíáò óôç ÌíÞìç Flash</title>
<procedure>
<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï &os; ãéá ôçí ÅããñáöÞ ôïõ Áñ÷åßïõ
Åéêüíáò</title>
<warning>
<para>Ôï ðáñáêÜôù ðáñÜäåéãìá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ùò õðüäåéãìá ôçí
óõóêåõÞ <filename class="devicefile">/dev/da0</filename>
ãéá ôç äçìéïõñãßá ôçò USB ìíÞìçò åêêßíçóçò. ÅðéëÝîôå ìå
ðñïóï÷Þ ôï ðñáãìáôéêü üíïìá ôçò óõóêåõÞò ðïõ èá
÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß, äéáöïñåôéêÜ ìðïñåß íá ðñïêëçèåß áðþëåéá
äåäïìÝíùí.</para>
</warning>
<step>
<title>ÅããñáöÞ ôïõ Áñ÷åßïõ ìÝóù ôçò &man.dd.1;</title>
<para>Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>.img</filename>
<emphasis>äåí</emphasis> åßíáé Ýíá êáíïíéêü áñ÷åßï ðïõ
ìðïñåßôå áðëþò íá áíôéãñÜøåôå óôç ìíÞìç flash. Ðñüêåéôáé
óôçí ðñáãìáôéêüôçôá ãéá ìéá åéêüíá ôùí ðåñéå÷ïìÝíùí ïëüêëçñïõ
ôïõ äßóêïõ. Áõôü óçìáßíåé üôé <emphasis>äåí</emphasis>
ìðïñåßôå áðëþò íá áíôéãñÜøåôå ôá äåäïìÝíá áðü ôïí Ýíá äßóêï
óôïí Üëëï. Èá ðñÝðåé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ
&man.dd.1; ãéá íá ãñÜøåôå ôï áñ÷åßï åéêüíáò áðåõèåßáò óôï
äßóêï:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=&os;-&rel2.current;-RELEASE-&arch.i386;-memstick.img of=/dev/<replaceable>da0</replaceable> bs=64k</userinput></screen>
<para>Áí ëÜâåôå ôï ìÞíõìá ëÜèïõò <computeroutput>Operation not
permitted</computeroutput>, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ç óõóêåõÞ ðïõ
ðñïóðáèåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçóÝôå äåí åßíáé Þäç óå ÷ñÞóç,
åíäå÷ïìÝíùò ðñïóáñôçìÝíç áõôüìáôá áðü êÜðïéï âïçèçôéêü
ðñüãñáììá. ¸ðåéôá ðñïóðáèÞóôå îáíÜ.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<procedure>
<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá &windows; ãéá ôçí ÅããñáöÞ ôïõ Áñ÷åßïõ
Åéêüíáò</title>
<warning>
<para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôï óùóôü üíïìá ïäçãïý ãéá
ôçí ìíÞìç flash, äéáöïñåôéêÜ ßóùò íá êáôáóôñÝøåôå õðÜñ÷ïíôá
äåäïìÝíá.</para>
</warning>
<step>
<title>ÁíÜêôçóç ôïõ ÐñïãñÜììáôïò <application>Image Writer ãéá
Windows</application></title>
<para>H åöáñìïãÞ <application>Image Writer ãéá
Windows</application> åßíáé åëåýèåñï ëïãéóìéêü ôï ïðïßï ìðïñåß
íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ãéá ôç óùóôÞ åããñáöÞ åíüò áñ÷åßïõ åéêüíáò óå
ìéá ìíÞìç USB. Ìðïñåßôå íá ôï êáôåâÜóåôå áðü ôçí ôïðïèåóßá
<ulink url="https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/"></ulink>
êáé íá ôï áðïóõìðéÝóåôå óå Ýíá öÜêåëï.</para>
</step>
<step>
<title>ÅããñáöÞ ôïõ Áñ÷åßïõ ìå ôï Image Writer</title>
<para>ÊÜíôå äéðëü êëéê óôï åéêïíßäéï
<application>Win32DiskImager</application> ãéá íá îåêéíÞóåôå
ôï ðñüãñáììá. ÊÜíôå êëéê óôï åéêïíßäéï ôïõ öáêÝëïõ êáé
åðéëÝîôå ôï áñ÷åßï ðïõ èá ãñÜøåôå óôç ìíÞìç USB. ÊÜíôå êëéê
óôï ðëÞêôñï <guibutton>Save</guibutton> ãéá íá áðïäå÷èåßôå ôï
üíïìá áñ÷åßïõ. Åðáëçèåýóôå üôé ïé ðáñáðÜíù åíÝñãåéåò åßíáé
óùóôÝò êáé üôé äåí õðÜñ÷ïõí óå Üëëá ðáñÜèõñá Üíïé÷ôïé öÜêåëïé
áðü ôç ìíÞìç USB. ÔÝëïò, êÜíôå êëéê óôï
<guibutton>Write</guibutton> ãéá íá ãñÜøåôå ôï áñ÷åßï åéêüíáò
óôïí ïäçãü.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>Ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå äéóêÝôåò åêêßíçóçò, áêïëïõèÞóôå áõôÜ
ôá âÞìáôá:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<title>ÁíáêôÞóôå ôá Images (Áñ÷åßá Åéêüíùí) ôùí Äéóêåôþí</title>
<important>
<para>Óçìåéþóôå üôé óôéò åêäüóåéò 8.<replaceable>X</replaceable>
ôïõ &os;, äåí õðÜñ÷åé ðëÝïí õðïóôÞñéîç ãéá äéóêÝôåò åêêßíçóçò.
Äåßôå ôéò ðáñáðÜíù ïäçãßåò ãéá íá êÜíåôå åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù
ìíÞìçò USB flash, Þ ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå áðëþò Ýíá CDROM Þ DVD.</para>
</important>
<para>Ïé äéóêÝôåò åêêßíçóçò åßíáé äéáèÝóéìåò óôï ìÝóï åãêáôÜóôáóçò
ðïõ Ý÷åôå, óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>floppies/</filename> êáé
ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá ôéò êáôåâÜóåôå áðü ôïí áíôßóôïé÷ï êáôÜëïãï
<literal>ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE/floppies/</literal>.
ÁíôéêáôáóôÞóôå ôá <replaceable>arch</replaceable> êáé
<replaceable>version</replaceable>
ìå ôçí áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ êáé ôïí áñéèìü ôçò Ýêäïóçò ðïõ èÝëåôå íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå áíôßóôïé÷á. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá ôá images ôùí äéóêåôþí
åêêßíçóçò ãéá &os;/&arch.i386; &rel2.current;-RELEASE åßíáé
äéáèÝóéìá áðü ôçí ôïðïèåóßá <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/&rel2.current;-RELEASE/floppies/"></ulink>.</para>
<para>Ôá images Ý÷ïõí êáôÜëçîç
<filename>.flp</filename>. O êáôÜëïãïò
<filename>floppies/</filename> ðåñéÝ÷åé áñêåôÜ äéáöïñåôéêÜ
images, êáé ôï ðïéá èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå åîáñôÜôáé áðü ôçí Ýêäïóç ôïõ
&os; ðïõ èá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå, êáé óå ïñéóìÝíåò ðåñéðôþóåéò, êáé áðü
ôï õëéêü (hardware) óôï ïðïßï êÜíåôå åãêáôÜóôáóç. Óôéò
ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðåñéðôþóåéò èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå ôÝóóåñéò äéóêÝôåò, ôéò
<filename>boot.flp</filename>, <filename>kern1.flp</filename>,
<filename>kern2.flp</filename> êáé <filename>kern3.flp</filename>.
ÅëÝãîôå ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>README.TXT</filename> ðïõ âñßóêåôáé
óôïí ßäéï êáôÜëïãï ãéá ôéò ôåëåõôáßåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôá
áñ÷åßá áõôÜ.</para>
<important>
<para>Ôï FTP ðñüãñáììá ðïõ èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ðñÝðåé íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéåß <emphasis>äõáäéêü ôñüðï ìåôáöïñÜò (binary mode)
</emphasis> ãéá íá êáôåâÜóåôå ôá images ôùí äéóêåôþí.
ÏñéóìÝíïé öõëëïìåôñçôÝò åßíáé ãíùóôü üôé ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí
<emphasis>ASCII</emphasis> ôñüðï (êåéìÝíïõ), ôï ïðïßï èá ôï
êáôáëÜâåôå áí äåí ìðïñåßôå íá êÜíåôå åêêßíçóç áðü ôéò
äéóêÝôåò.</para>
</important>
</step>
<step>
<title>ÐñïåôïéìÜóôå ôéò ÄéóêÝôåò</title>
<para>Áðü êÜèå áñ÷åßï image ðïõ êáôåâÜóáôå, ðñÝðåé íá
äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá äéóêÝôá. Åßíáé åðéâåâëçìÝíï, ïé äéóêÝôåò áõôÝò
íá ìçí Ý÷ïõí åëáôôþìáôá. Ï åõêïëüôåñïò ôñüðïò ãéá íá ôï åëÝãîåôå
åßíáé íá ôéò äéáìïñöþóåôå åóåßò. Ìçí åìðéóôåýåóôå
ðñï-äéáìïñöùìÝíåò äéóêÝôåò. Ôï ðñüãñáììá äéáìüñöùóçò ôùí
&windows; äåí èá óáò åéäïðïéÞóåé ãéá ôçí ðáñïõóßá ÷áëáóìÝíùí
ôïìÝùí, áðëþò èá ôïõò ìáñêÜñåé ùò <quote>÷áëáóìÝíïõò</quote> êáé
èá ôïõò áãíïÞóåé. Óáò óõìâïõëåýïõìå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå
êáéíïýñéåò äéóêÝôåò áí åðéëÝîåôå áõôÞ ôç ìÝèïäï
åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<important>
<para>Áí ðñïóðáèÞóåôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; êáé ôï ðñüãñáììá
åãêáôÜóôáóçò êïëëÞóåé, ðáãþóåé Þ ìå êÜðïéï ôñüðï óõìðåñéöÝñåôáé
ðåñßåñãá, ï ðñþôïò óáò ýðïðôïò ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé ïé äéóêÝôåò.
ÄïêéìÜóôå íá ãñÜøåôå ôá images óå íÝåò äéóêÝôåò êáé
ðñïóðáèÞóôå îáíÜ.</para>
</important>
</step>
<step>
<title>ÃñÜøôå ôá Áñ÷åßá Image óå ÄéóêÝôåò</title>
<para>Ôá áñ÷åßá <filename>.flp</filename>
<emphasis>äåí</emphasis> åßíáé êáíïíéêÜ áñ÷åßá ðïõ ìðïñåßôå íá
áíôéãñÜøåôå óå äéóêÝôá. Åßíáé images ðïõ Ý÷ïõí üëï ôï ðåñéå÷üìåíï
ôçò äéóêÝôáò óå Ýíá áñ÷åßï. Áõôü óçìáßíåé üôé <emphasis>äåí
ìðïñåßôå</emphasis> áðëþò íá áíôéãñÜøåôå ôá áñ÷åßá áõôÜ óå
äéóêÝôåò. Áíôßèåôá, ðñÝðåé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå åéäéêÜ åñãáëåßá ãéá
íá ãñÜøåôå ôá images áõôÜ áðåõèåßáò óôéò äéóêÝôåò.</para>
<indexterm><primary>DOS</primary></indexterm>
<para>Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ôéò äéóêÝôåò óå Ýíá õðïëïãéóôÞ
ðïõ åêôåëåß &ms-dos; / &windows;, óáò ðáñÝ÷ïõìå Ýíá åñãáëåßï ãéá
áõôÞ ôçí åñãáóßá, ôï <command>fdimage</command>.</para>
<para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôá images ôùí äéóêåôþí áðü ôï CDROM êáé
ï ïäçãüò óáò CDROM åßíáé óôï ãñÜììá <devicename>E:</devicename>,
èá åêôåëÝóåôå ôçí åîÞò åíôïëÞ:</para>
<screen><prompt>E:\></prompt> <userinput>tools\fdimage floppies\boot.flp A:</userinput></screen>
<para>ÅðáíáëÜâåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ áõôÞ ãéá êÜèå áñ÷åßï
<filename>.flp</filename>, áíôéêáèéóôþíôáò êÜèå öïñÜ ôç äéóêÝôá.
Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé óçìåéþíåôå óôçí åôéêÝôá êÜèå äéóêÝôáò ôï üíïìá
ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ ðïõ áíôéãñÜøáôå. Ñõèìßóôå êáôÜëëçëá ôçí åíôïëÞ
áíÜëïãá ìå ôçí ôïðïèåóßá ôùí image áñ÷åßùí
<filename>.flp</filename>. Áí äåí Ý÷åôå ôï CDROM, ìðïñåßôå íá
êáôåâÜóåôå ôï <command>fdimage</command> áðü ôçí ôïðïèåóßá FTP
<ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/tools/"><filename class="directory">tools</filename> directory</ulink>ôïõ &os;.</para>
<para>Áí ãñÜöåôå ôéò äéóêÝôåò óå Ýíá óýóôçìá &unix; (üðùò êÜðïéï
óýóôçìá &os;) ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ &man.dd.1;
ãéá íá ãñÜøåôå ôá image áñ÷åßá áðåõèåßáò óôéò äéóêÝôåò. Óôï &os;
èá ãñÜöáôå:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=boot.flp of=/dev/fd0</userinput></screen>
<para>Óôï &os; ç óõóêåõÞ, <filename>/dev/fd0</filename>
áíáöÝñåôáé óôçí ðñþôç ìïíÜäá äéóêÝôáò
(ôïí ïäçãü <devicename>A:</devicename>).
Ç óõóêåõÞ <filename>/dev/fd1</filename> èá Þôáí ï ïäçãüò
<devicename>B:</devicename>, ê.ï.ê. ¶ëëåò ðáñáëëáãÝò ôïõ &unix;
ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí äéáöïñåôéêÜ ïíüìáôá ãéá ôïõò ïäçãïýò
äéóêÝôáò êáé èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá åëÝãîåôå ôçí ôåêìçñßùóç ôïõ
óõóôÞìáôïò óáò êáôÜ ðåñßðôùóç.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>Åßóôå ôþñá Ýôïéìïé íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-start">
<title>Îåêéíþíôáò ôçí ÅãêáôÜóôáóç</title>
<important>
<para>Ôï ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò äåí èá êÜíåé êáìéÜ áëëáãÞ óôïõò äßóêïõò
óáò ìÝ÷ñé íá äåßôå ôï áêüëïõèï ìÞíõìá:</para>
<literallayout class="monospaced">Last Chance: Are you SURE you want continue the installation?
If you're running this on a disk with data you wish to save then WE
STRONGLY ENCOURAGE YOU TO MAKE PROPER BACKUPS before proceeding!
We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents!</literallayout>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ìðïñåß íá áêõñùèåß ïðïéáäÞðïôå óôéãìÞ ìÝ÷ñé íá äåßôå
ôçí ôåëéêÞ ðñïåéäïðïßçóç ÷ùñßò íá ãßíåé êáìéÜ áëëáãÞ óôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá
ôïõ óêëçñïý äßóêïõ. Áí áíçóõ÷åßôå üôé Ý÷åôå êÜíåé êÜðïéá ëÜèïò
ñýèìéóç ìðïñåßôå áðëþò íá óâÞóåôå ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ ðñéí áðü ôï óçìåßï
áõôü, êáé äåí èá äçìéïõñãçèåß êáíÝíá ðñüâëçìá.</para>
</important>
<sect2 id="install-starting">
<title>Åêêßíçóç</title>
<sect3 id="install-starting-i386">
<title>Åêêßíçóç óôçí Áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞ &i386;</title>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>ÎåêéíÞóôå ìå ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò áðåíåñãïðïéçìÝíï.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>ÅêêéíÞóôå ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò. Êáèþò îåêéíÜåé èá ðñÝðåé íá
äåß÷íåé êÜðïéá åðéëïãÞ ãéá íá åéóÝëèåôå óôï ðñüãñáììá ñõèìßóåùí
ôïõ BIOS (BIOS setup), óõíÞèùò ìå ôçí ðßåóç êÜðïéïõ ðëÞêôñïõ
üðùò ôï <keycap>F2</keycap>, ôï <keycap>F10</keycap>, ôï
<keycap>Del</keycap> Þ ôï óõíäõáóìü
<keycombo action="simul">
<keycap>Alt</keycap>
<keycap>S</keycap>
</keycombo>. ×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï óõíäõáóìü ðïõ öáßíåôáé óôçí
ïèüíç. Óå êÜðïéåò ðåñéðôþóåéò, êáôÜ ôçí åêêßíçóç ìðïñåß óôçí
ïèüíç óáò íá öáßíåôáé êÜðïéï ãñáöéêü ëïãüôõðï. ÔõðéêÜ,
ðéÝæïíôáò ôï <keycap>Esc</keycap> ôï ãñáöéêü áõôü åîáöáíßæåôáé
êáé ìðïñåßôå ðëÝïí íá äåßôå ôá áðáñáßôçôá ìçíýìáôá.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Âñåßôå ôç ñýèìéóç ðïõ åëÝã÷åé áðü ðïéåò óõóêåõÝò åêêéíåß ôï
óýóôçìá. ÓõíÞèùò áíáöÝñåôáé ùò <quote>Boot Order</quote> êáé
åìöáíßæåôáé ùò ëßóôá óõóêåõþí, üðùò ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá
<literal>Floppy</literal>, <literal>CDROM</literal>,
<literal>First Hard Disk</literal>, ê.ï.ê.</para>
<para>Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá åêêéíÞóåôå áðü ôï CDROM, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé
Ý÷åôå êÜíåé ôçí áíôßóôïé÷ç åðéëïãÞ. Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá åêêéíÞóåôå
áðü USB ìíÞìç flash Þ áðü äéóêÝôá, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå åðßóçò
êÜíåé ôç óùóôÞ åðéëïãÞ. Áí äåí åßóôå óßãïõñïé, óõìâïõëåõôåßôå
ôï åã÷åéñßäéï ôïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ Þ / êáé ôçò ìçôñéêÞò
ðëáêÝôáò.</para>
<para>ÊÜíôå ôçí áëëáãÞ, áðïèçêåýóôå êáé âãåßôå áðü ôï ðñüãñáììá
ñõèìßóåùí. Ï õðïëïãéóôÞò óáò èá åðáíåêêéíÞóåé.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Áí ðñïåôïéìÜóáôå ìíÞìç flash USB, üðùò ðåñéãñÜöåôáé
óôï <xref linkend="install-boot-media"/>, ìçí ðáñáëåßøåôå íá
óõíäÝóåôå ôç ìíÞìç óôçí áíôßóôïé÷ç õðïäï÷Þ, ðñéí åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå
ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò.</para>
<para>Áí èá åêêéíÞóåôå áðü ôï CDROM, èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá
åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ êáé íá åéóÜãåôå ôï CDROM óôïí
ïäçãü ìå ôçí ðñþôç äõíáôÞ åõêáéñßá.</para>
<note>
<para>Ãéá ôï &os; 7.<replaceable>X</replaceable>
äéáôßèåíôáé äéóêÝôåò åêêßíçóçò ôéò ïðïßåò ìðïñåßôå
íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå üðùò ðåñéãñÜöåôáé óôï <xref
linkend="install-boot-media"/>. Ìéá áðü áõôÝò èá
åßíáé ç ðñþôç äéóêÝôá åêêßíçóçò:
<filename>boot.flp</filename>. ÔïðïèåôÞóôå áõôÞ ôç äéóêÝôá
óôïí ïäçãü êáé åêêéíÞóôå ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò.</para>
</note>
<para>Áí ï õðïëïãéóôÞò óáò îåêéíÞóåé êáíïíéêÜ êáé öïñôþóåé ôï
õðÜñ÷ïí ëåéôïõñãéêü óáò óýóôçìá, ôüôå åßôå:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Äåí âÜëáôå ôç äéóêÝôá Þ ôï CD áñêåôÜ íùñßò êáôÜ ôç
äéáäéêáóßá åêêßíçóçò. ÁöÞóôå ôçí óôïí ïäçãü êáé äïêéìÜóôå
íá åðáíåêêéíÞóåôå ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ïé ðñïçãïýìåíåò áëëáãÝò ðïõ êÜíåôå óôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ
BIOS äåí ëåéôïýñãçóáí. Èá ðñÝðåé íá åðáíáëÜâåôå ôï âÞìá
áõôü ìÝ÷ñé íá ðåôý÷åôå ôç óùóôÞ åðéëïãÞ.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï BIOS ðïõ äéáèÝôåôå äåí õðïóôçñßæåé
åêêßíçóç áðü ôï åðéëåãìÝíï ìÝóï.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</step>
<step>
<para>Èá áñ÷ßóåé ç åêêßíçóç ôïõ &os;. Áí îåêéíÜôå áðü ôï CDROM èá
äåßôå ìéá åéêüíá üðùò ôçí åðüìåíç (Ý÷ïõí ðáñáëåéöèåß ïé
ðëçñïöïñßåò Ýêäïóçò):</para>
<screen>Booting from CD-Rom...
CD Loader 1.2
Building the boot loader arguments
Looking up /BOOT/LOADER... Found
Relocating the loader and the BTX
Starting the BTX loader
BTX loader 1.00 BTX version is 1.02
Consoles: internal video/keyboard
BIOS CD is cd0
BIOS drive C: is disk0
BIOS drive D: is disk1
BIOS 639kB/261056kB available memory
FreeBSD/i386 bootstrap loader, Revision 1.1
Loading /boot/defaults/loader.conf
/boot/kernel/kernel text=0x64daa0 data=0xa4e80+0xa9e40 syms=[0x4+0x6cac0+0x4+00
x88e9d]
\</screen>
<para>Áí êÜíåôå åêêßíçóç áðü ìïíÜäá äéóêÝôáò, èá äåßôå ìéá ïèüíç
üìïéá ìå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù (Ý÷ïõí ðáñáëåéöèåß ïé ðëçñïöïñßåò
Ýêäïóçò):</para>
<screen>Booting from Floppy...
Uncompressing ... done
BTX loader 1.00 BTX version is 1.01
Console: internal video/keyboard
BIOS drive A: is disk0
BIOS drive C: is disk1
BIOS 639kB/261120kB available memory
FreeBSD/i386 bootstrap loader, Revision 1.1
Loading /boot/defaults/loader.conf
/kernel text=0x277391 data=0x3268c+0x332a8 |
Insert disk labelled "Kernel floppy 1" and press any key...</screen>
<para>ÁêïëïõèÞóôå ôéò ïäçãßåò, áöáéñþíôáò ôçí äéóêÝôá
<filename>boot.flp</filename>, åéóÜãïíôáò ôçí äéóêÝôá
<filename>kern1.flp</filename> êáé ðéÝæïíôáò
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. ÎåêéíÞóôå áðü ôçí ðñþôç äéóêÝôá, êáé
üôáí óáò æçôçèåß, âÜëôå ôéò Üëëåò äéóêÝôåò üðùò
áðáéôåßôáé.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Åßôå îåêéíÞóáôå áðü äéóêÝôá, åßôå áðü CDROM, åßôå áðü ìíÞìç
flash, ç äéáäéêáóßá åêêßíçóçò èá öôÜóåé óôï ìåíïý ôïõ &os;
boot loader:</para>
<figure id="boot-loader-menu">
<title>Ìåíïý Åêêßíçóçò (&os; Boot Loader)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/boot-loader-menu" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÐåñéìÝíåôå äÝêá äåõôåñüëåðôá, Þ áðëþò ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap></para>
</step>
</procedure>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Åêêßíçóç óôïí &sparc64;</title>
<para>Ôá ðåñéóóüôåñá óõóôÞìáôá &sparc64; åßíáé ñõèìéóìÝíá íá îåêéíÜíå
áõôüìáôá áðü ôï óêëçñü äßóêï. Ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os;, èá
ðñÝðåé íá îåêéíÞóåôå åßôå áðü ôï äßêôõï, åßôå áðü ôï CDROM, êÜôé ôï
ïðïßï áðáéôåß íá åéóÝëèåôå óôçí PROM (OpenFirmware).</para>
<para>Ãéá ôï óêïðü áõôü, åðáíåêêéíÞóôå ôï óýóôçìá êáé ðåñéìÝíåôå ìÝ÷ñé
íá åìöáíéóôåß ôï ìÞíõìá åêêßíçóçò (boot). Áõôü åîáñôÜôáé áðü ôï
ìïíôÝëï, áëëÜ ãåíéêÜ ìïéÜæåé ìå:</para>
<screen>Sun Blade 100 (UltraSPARC-IIe), Keyboard Present
Copyright 1998-2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenBoot 4.2, 128 MB memory installed, Serial #51090132.
Ethernet address 0:3:ba:b:92:d4, Host ID: 830b92d4.</screen>
<para>Áí ôï óýóôçìá óáò óõíå÷ßæåé ìå åêêßíçóç áðü ôï óêëçñü äßóêï,
ðñÝðåé íá ðéÝóåôå:
<keycombo action="simul"><keycap>L1</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
Þ
<keycombo action="simul"><keycap>Stop</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
óôï ðëçêôñïëüãéï, Þ íá óôåßëåôå <command>BREAK</command> ìÝóù ôçò
óåéñéáêÞò êïíóüëáò (÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá
<command>~#</command> óôï &man.tip.1; Þ óôï &man.cu.1;) ãéá íá
öôÜóåôå óôçí ðñïôñïðÞ ôçò PROM. Öáßíåôáé üðùò ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
<screenco>
<areaspec>
<area id="prompt-single" coords="1 5"/>
<area id="prompt-smp" coords="2 5"/>
</areaspec>
<screen><prompt>ok </prompt>
<prompt>ok {0} </prompt></screen>
<calloutlist>
<callout arearefs="prompt-single">
<para>ÁõôÞ åßíáé ç ðñïôñïðÞ ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé óå óõóôÞìáôá ìå
ìßá CPU.</para>
</callout>
<callout arearefs="prompt-smp">
<para>ÁõôÞ åßíáé ç ðñïôñïðÞ ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé óå óõóôÞìáôá
SMP, ôï øçößï äåß÷íåé ôïí áñéèìü ôçò åíåñãÞò CPU.</para>
</callout>
</calloutlist>
</screenco>
<para>Óôï óçìåßï áõôü, ôïðïèåôÞóôå ôï CDROM óôïí ïäçãü, êáé áðü ôçí
ðñïôñïðÞ ôçò PROM, ãñÜøôå <command>boot cdrom</command>.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="view-probe">
<title>Åðéóêüðçóç ôùí ÁðïôåëåóìÜôùí Áíß÷íåõóçò Óõóêåõþí</title>
<para>Ïé ôåëåõôáßåò åêáôïíôÜäåò ãñáììÝò ðïõ ðÝñáóáí áðü ôçí ïèüíç óáò,
áðïèçêåýïíôáé, êáé ìðïñåßôå íá ôéò îáíáäåßôå.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá äåßôå ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôçò ðñïóùñéíÞò ìíÞìçò (buffer) ðéÝóôå
ôï ðëÞêôñï <keycap>Scroll Lock</keycap>. Ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü
åíåñãïðïéåßôáé ç êýëéóç ôçò ïèüíçò. Ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôá
ðëÞêôñá ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, Þ ôá <keycap>PageUp</keycap> êáé
<keycap>PageDown</keycap> ãéá íá äåßôå ôá áðïôåëÝóìáôá. ÐéÝóôå îáíÜ
ôï ðëÞêôñï <keycap>Scroll Lock</keycap> ãéá íá ôåñìáôßóåôå ôçí
êýëéóç.</para>
<para>ÊÜíôå ôï áõôü ôþñá ãéá íá äåßôå ôï êåßìåíï ðïõ êýëçóå åêôüò ïèüíçò
ôçí þñá ðïõ ï ðõñÞíáò áíß÷íåõå ôï õëéêü ôïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò. Èá äåßôå
Ýíá êåßìåíï áíôßóôïé÷ï ìå ôï <xref linkend="install-dev-probe"/>, áí
êáé ôï áêñéâÝò êåßìåíï èá äéáöÝñåé áíÜëïãá ìå ôéò óõóêåõÝò ðïõ Ý÷åôå
óôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò.</para>
<figure id="install-dev-probe">
<title>ÔõðéêÜ ÁðïôåëÝóìáôá Áíß÷íåõóçò Óõóêåõþí</title>
<screen>avail memory = 253050880 (247120K bytes)
Preloaded elf kernel "kernel" at 0xc0817000.
Preloaded mfs_root "/mfsroot" at 0xc0817084.
md0: Preloaded image </mfsroot> 4423680 bytes at 0xc03ddcd4
md1: Malloc disk
Using $PIR table, 4 entries at 0xc00fde60
npx0: <math processor> on motherboard
npx0: INT 16 interface
pcib0: <Host to PCI bridge> on motherboard
pci0: <PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1:<VIA 82C598MVP (Apollo MVP3) PCI-PCI (AGP) bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <PCI bus> on pcib1
pci1: <Matrox MGA G200 AGP graphics accelerator> at 0.0 irq 11
isab0: <VIA 82C586 PCI-ISA bridge> at device 7.0 on pci0
isa0: <iSA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <VIA 82C586 ATA33 controller> port 0xe000-0xe00f at device 7.1 on pci0
ata0: at 0x1f0 irq 14 on atapci0
ata1: at 0x170 irq 15 on atapci0
uhci0 <VIA 83C572 USB controller> port 0xe400-0xe41f irq 10 at device 7.2 on pci
0
usb0: <VIA 83572 USB controller> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: VIA UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr1
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
pci0: <unknown card> (vendor=0x1106, dev=0x3040) at 7.3
dc0: <ADMtek AN985 10/100BaseTX> port 0xe800-0xe8ff mem 0xdb000000-0xeb0003ff ir
q 11 at device 8.0 on pci0
dc0: Ethernet address: 00:04:5a:74:6b:b5
miibus0: <MII bus> on dc0
ukphy0: <Generic IEEE 802.3u media interface> on miibus0
ukphy0: 10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, auto
ed0: <NE2000 PCI Ethernet (RealTek 8029)> port 0xec00-0xec1f irq 9 at device 10.
0 on pci0
ed0 address 52:54:05:de:73:1b, type NE2000 (16 bit)
isa0: too many dependant configs (8)
isa0: unexpected small tag 14
orm0: <Option ROM> at iomem 0xc0000-0xc7fff on isa0
fdc0: <NEC 72065B or clone> at port 0x3f0-0x3f5,0x3f7 irq 6 drq2 on isa0
fdc0: FIFO enabled, 8 bytes threshold
fd0: <1440-KB 3.5” drive> on fdc0 drive 0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> at port 0x60,0x64 on isa0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> flags 0x1 irq1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: model Generic PS/@ mouse, device ID 0
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio0 at port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on isa0
sio0: type 16550A
sio1 at port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa0
sio1: type 16550A
ppc0: <Parallel port> at port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa0
pppc0: SMC-like chipset (ECP/EPP/PS2/NIBBLE) in COMPATIBLE mode
ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/15 bytes threshold
plip0: <PLIP network interface> on ppbus0
ad0: 8063MB <IBM-DHEA-38451> [16383/16/63] at ata0-master UDMA33
acd0: CD-RW <LITE-ON LTR-1210B> at ata1-slave PIO4
Mounting root from ufs:/dev/md0c
/stand/sysinstall running as init on vty0</screen>
</figure>
<para>ÅëÝãîôå ðñïóåêôéêÜ ôá áðïôåëÝóìáôá ôçò áíß÷íåõóçò ãéá íá
âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ôï &os; áíß÷íåõóå üëåò ôéò óõóêåõÝò ðïõ áíáìÝíáôå. Áí
ìéá óõóêåõÞ äåí âñÝèçêå, ôüôå äåí èá ôç äåßôå óôç ëßóôá. Ìå ôç
âïÞèåéá <link linkend="kernelconfig">åîåéäéêåõìÝíïõ ðõñÞíá</link>
ìðïñåßôå íá ðñïóèÝóåôå õðïóôÞñéîç ãéá óõóêåõÝò ïé ïðïßåò äåí
ðåñéëáìâÜíïíôáé óôïí ðõñÞíá <filename>GENERIC</filename>, üðùò ôéò
êÜñôåò Þ÷ïõ.</para>
<para>ÌåôÜ ôï ôÝëïò ôçò äéáäéêáóßáò
áíß÷íåõóçò óõóêåõþí, èá äåßôå ôï <xref linkend="config-country"/>.
×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå ðåñéï÷Þ Þ ÷þñá. ¸ðåéôá
ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>, ãéá íá ñõèìßóåôå ôç ÷þñá.</para>
<figure id="config-country">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôï Ìåíïý ×þñáò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/config-country" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîáôå ùò ÷þñá <guimenuitem>United States</guimenuitem>,
èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ç ôõðïðïéçìÝíç ÁìåñéêáíéêÞ äéÜôáîç ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ.
Áí åðéëÝîáôå äéáöïñåôéêÞ ÷þñá, èá åìöáíéóôåß ôï ðáñáêÜôù ìåíïý.
×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå ôç óùóôÞ äéÜôáîç
ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="config-keymap">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ Ìåíïý Ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/config-keymap" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÌåôÜ ôçí åðéëïãÞ ôçò ÷þñáò, èá åìöáíéóôåß ôï âáóéêü ìåíïý
åðéëïãþí ôïõ <application>sysinstall</application>.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="using-sysinstall">
<title>ÅéóáãùãÞ óôï Sysinstall</title>
<para>Ôï ðñüãñáììá <application>sysinstall</application> åßíáé ç åöáñìïãÞ
åãêáôÜóôáóçò ðïõ ðáñÝ÷åôáé áðü ôï &os; Project. Âáóßæåôáé óå ðåñéâÜëëïí
êåéìÝíïõ êáé ÷ùñßæåôáé óå ìéá óåéñÜ áðü ìåíïý êáé ïèüíåò ðïõ ìðïñåßôå íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ãéá íá ñõèìßóåôå êáé íá åëÝãîåôå ôçí äéáäéêáóßá
åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<para>Ôï óýóôçìá ìåíïý ôïõ <application>sysinstall</application>
åëÝã÷åôáé ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, ôï <keycap>Enter</keycap>, ôï
<keycap>Space</keycap> êáé Üëëá ðëÞêôñá. ËåðôïìåñÞ ðåñéãñáöÞ ôùí
ðëÞêôñùí áõôþí êáé ôùí ëåéôïõñãéþí ôïõò ðåñéÝ÷åôáé óôéò ïäçãßåò ÷ñÞóçò
ôïõ <application>sysinstall</application>.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá äåßôå ôéò ðëçñïöïñßåò áõôÝò, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé åßíáé öùôéóìÝíç
ç åðéëïãÞ <guimenuitem>Usage</guimenuitem> êáé üôé åßíáé åðéëåãìÝíï ôï
ðëÞêôñï <guibutton>[Select]</guibutton> üðùò öáßíåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="sysinstall-main3"/>, êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<para>Èá äåßôå ôéò ïäçãßåò ÷ñÞóçò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò ìåíïý. Êáôüðéí ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï êýñéï ìåíïý
(Main Menu).</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-main3">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò Usage áðü ôï Main Menu ôïõ SysInstall</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/main1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<sect2 id="select-doc">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôï Ìåíïý Documentation (Ôåêìçñßùóçò)</title>
<para>Áðü ôï Main Menu, åðéëÝîôå <guimenuitem>Doc</guimenuitem> ìå ôá
âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="main-doc">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôï Ìåíïý Documentation</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/main-doc" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Áõôü èá äåßîåé ôï Ìåíïý Documentation.</para>
<figure id="docmenu1">
<title>Ôï Ìåíïý Documentation ôïõ Sysinstall</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/docmenu1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Åßíáé óçìáíôéêü íá äéáâÜóåôå ôçí ðáñå÷üìåíç ôåêìçñßùóç.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá äåßôå Ýíá Ýããñáöï, åðéëÝîôå ôï ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. ¼ôáí ôåëåéþóåôå ôçí áíÜãíùóç åíüò åããñÜöïõ,
ðéÝæïíôáò <keycap>Enter</keycap> èá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï ìåíïý
Documentation.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï Êõñßùò Ìåíïý ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò, åðéëÝîôå
<guimenuitem>Exit</guimenuitem> ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="keymap">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôï Ìåíïý Keymap (ÄéÜôáîç Ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ)</title>
<para>Ãéá íá áëëÜîåôå ôç äéÜôáîç ôïõ ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá
âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå <guimenuitem>Keymap</guimenuitem>
áðü ôï ìåíïý êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Áõôü áðáéôåßôáé ìüíï
áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå äéÜôáîç ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ ðïõ äåí åßíáé óôÜíôáñ êáé
åðßóçò ãéá äéáôÜîåéò åêôüò ôçò ÁããëéêÞò ÇÐÁ.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-keymap">
<title>Êýñéï Ìåíïý ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò (Sysinstall Main Menu)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/main-keymap" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå íá åðéëÝîåôå äéáöïñåôéêÞ äéÜôáîç ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ
êÜíïíôáò ôçí áíôßóôïé÷ç åðéëïãÞ áðü ôï ìåíïý ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá
âåëÜêéá, êáé ðéÝæïíôáò <keycap>Space</keycap>. ÐéÝæïíôáò îáíÜ
<keycap>Space</keycap> èá êáôáñãÞóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ. ¼ôáí ôåëåéþóåôå,
åðéëÝîôå &gui.ok; ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<para>Óôçí ðáñáêÜôù áðåéêüíéóç ôçò ïèüíçò öáßíåôáé ìüíï ìÝñïò ôçò
ëßóôáò. Áí åðéëÝîåôå &gui.cancel; ðéÝæïíôáò ôï <keycap>Tab</keycap>
èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç äéÜôáîç ðëçêôñïëïãßïõ êáé èá
åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï Êýñéï Ìåíïý ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-keymap-menu">
<title>Ôï Ìåíïý Keymap ôïõ Sysinstall</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/keymap" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="viewsetoptions">
<title>Ç Ïèüíç Installation Options (Åðéëïãþí ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò)</title>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå <guimenuitem>Options</guimenuitem> êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-options">
<title>Ôï Êýñéï Ìåíïý ôïõ Sysinstall</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/main-options" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<figure id="options">
<title>ÅðéëïãÝò ôïõ Sysinstall (Options)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/options" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ïé ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò ôéìÝò åßíáé óõíÞèùò óùóôÝò ãéá ôïõò
ðåñéóóüôåñïõò ÷ñÞóôåò êáé äåí ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá áëëá÷èïýí. Ôï üíïìá ôçò
Ýêäïóçò (Release Name) áëëÜæåé áíÜëïãá ìå ôçí Ýêäïóç ðïõ
åãêáèßóôáôáé.</para>
<para>Óôï êÜôù ìÝñïò ôçò ïèüíçò, åìöáíßæåôáé ìå ôïíéóìÝíï ìðëå ÷ñþìá
ç ðåñéãñáöÞ ôïõ åðéëåãìÝíïõ áíôéêåéìÝíïõ. ÐáñáôçñÞóôå üôé ìéá áðü
ôéò åðéëïãÝò åßíáé ç <guimenuitem>Use Defaults</guimenuitem> ç ïðïßá
åðáíáöÝñåé üëåò ôéò ôéìÝò óôéò áñ÷éêÝò ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò ôïõò
ñõèìßóåéò.</para>
<para>ÐéÝóôå ôï <keycap>F1</keycap> ãéá íá äéáâÜóåôå ôçí ïèüíç âïÞèåéáò
ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôéò äéÜöïñåò åðéëïãÝò.</para>
<para>ÐéÝæïíôáò ôï <keycap>Q</keycap> èá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï Êýñéï Ìåíïý
ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="start-install">
<title>ÎåêéíÞóôå ìéá ÔõðéêÞ ÅãêáôÜóôáóç (Standard Installation)</title>
<para>Ç <guimenuitem>Standard</guimenuitem> åãêáôÜóôáóç åßíáé ç åðéëïãÞ
ðïõ óõíßóôáôáé ãéá ôïõò íÝïõò ÷ñÞóôåò ôïõ &unix; Þ ôïõ &os;.
×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå
<guimenuitem>Standard</guimenuitem> áðü ôï ìåíïý, êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-standard">
<title>Åêêßíçóç ôçò ÔõðéêÞò ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò (Standard
Installation)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/main-std" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-steps">
<title>Åê÷þñçóç ×þñïõ óôï Äßóêï</title>
<para>Ôï ðñþôï óáò âÞìá åßíáé íá åê÷ùñÞóåôå ÷þñï äßóêïõ ãéá ôï &os; êáé
íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá åôéêÝôá (label) óôï ÷þñï áõôü þóôå íá ìðïñÝóåé íá
ôïí ðñïåôïéìÜóåé ôï <application>sysinstall</application>. Ãéá ôï óêïðü
áõôü ðñÝðåé íá ãíùñßæåôå ôïí ôñüðï ìå ôïí ïðïßï ðåñéìÝíåé ôï &os; íá
âñåé ôéò ðëçñïöïñßåò óôï äßóêï.</para>
<sect2 id="install-drive-bios-numbering">
<title>Áñßèìçóç ôùí Äßóêùí ìå âÜóç ôï BIOS</title>
<para>Ðñéí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå êáé ñõèìßóåôå ôï &os; óôï óýóôçìá óáò, õðÜñ÷åé
Ýíá óçìáíôéêü èÝìá ôï ïðïßï ðñÝðåé íá ãíùñßæåôå, åéäéêÜ áí Ý÷åôå
ðïëëïýò óêëçñïýò äßóêïõò.</para>
<indexterm><primary>MS-DOS</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Microsoft Windows</primary></indexterm>
<para>Óå Ýíá PC ôï ïðïßï ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá ôï ïðïßï
åîáñôÜôáé áðü ôï BIOS, üðùò åßíáé ôï &ms-dos; Þ ôá
µsoft.windows;, ôï BIOS åßíáé óå èÝóç íá óõìðåñÜíåé ôç óåéñÜ
ðñïôåñáéüôçôáò ôùí äßóêùí êáé ôï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá áðëþò óõìâáäßæåé
ìå áõôÞ. Áõôü åðéôñÝðåé óôï ÷ñÞóôç íá åêêéíÞóåé áðü Ýíá äßóêï
äéáöïñåôéêü áðü áõôüí ðïõ óõ÷íÜ êáëïýìå
<quote>primary master</quote>. Áõôü åßíáé éäéáßôåñá âïëéêü ãéá
êÜðïéïõò ÷ñÞóôåò ðïõ Ý÷ïõí áíáêáëýøåé üôé ï åõêïëüôåñïò êáé öôçíüôåñïò
ôñüðïò íá Ý÷ïõí Ýíá áíôßãñáöï áóöáëåßáò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò ôïõò, åßíáé íá
áãïñÜóïõí Ýíá äåýôåñï üìïéï óêëçñü äßóêï, êáé íá áíôéãñÜöïõí áíÜ ôáêôÜ
äéáóôÞìáôá ôïí ðñþôï ôïõò äßóêï óôï äåýôåñï ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò
ðñïãñÜììáôá üðùò ôï
<application><trademark class="registered">Ghost</trademark></application> Þ ôï <application>XCOPY</application>.
¸ôóé, áí ï ðñþôïò äßóêïò ÷áëÜóåé, Þ äå÷èåß åðßèåóç áðü éü, Þ
ðáñïõóéÜóåé ðñüâëçìá åîáéôßáò êÜðïéïõ åëáôôþìáôïò ôïõ ëåéôïõñãéêïý
óõóôÞìáôïò, ï ÷ñÞóôçò ìðïñåß åýêïëá íá åðáíáöÝñåé ôï óýóôçìá
ñõèìßæïíôáò ôï BIOS íá áíôéóôñÝøåé ôç ëïãéêÞ óåéñÜ ôùí äßóêùí. Åßíáé
óáí íá áíôéìåôáèÝôïõìå ôç óåéñÜ ôùí êáëùäßùí óôïõò äßóêïõò áëëÜ ÷ùñßò
íá ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá áíïßîïõìå ôï êïõôß.</para>
<indexterm><primary>SCSI</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>BIOS</primary></indexterm>
<para>Ôá ðéï áêñéâÜ óõóôÞìáôá ìå åëåãêôÝò SCSI, óõ÷íÜ ðåñéëáìâÜíïõí
åðåêôÜóåéò óôï BIOS ðïõ åðéôñÝðïõí ôçí áëëáãÞ ôçò áñßèìçóçò ìÝ÷ñé åðôÜ
äßóêùí SCSI, ìå ðáñüìïéï ôñüðï.</para>
<para>¸íáò ÷ñÞóôçò åîïéêåéùìÝíïò ìå ôçí ðáñáðÜíù äõíáôüôçôá, ìðïñåß íá
âñåèåß ðñï åêðëÞîåùò üôáí ôá áðïôåëÝóìáôá ìå ôï &os; äåí åßíáé ôá
áíáìåíüìåíá. Ôï &os; äåí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï BIOS êáé äåí ãíùñßæåé ôçí
<quote>êáôÜ ôï BIOS ëïãéêÞ äéÜôáîç ôùí ïäçãþí</quote>. Áõôü ìðïñåß íá
ïäçãÞóåé óå éäéáßôåñá ðåñßðëïêåò êáôáóôÜóåéò, åéäéêÜ áí ïé äßóêïé
Ý÷ïõí ðáñüìïéá ãåùìåôñßá êáé Ý÷ïõí åðßóçò ôá ßäéá äåäïìÝíá (åßíáé ï
Ýíáò êëþíïò ôïõ Üëëïõ).</para>
<para>¼ôáí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôï &os; åðéóôñÝøôå ôçí óåéñÜ ôùí ïäçãþí óôï
BIOS óôçí öõóéïëïãéêÞ ôïõò ðñéí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; êáé áöÞóôå ôçí
Ýôóé. Áí ðñÝðåé íá åíáëëÜîåôå ôïõò äßóêïõò ìåôáîý ôïõò, êÜíôå ôï áëëÜ
ìå ôï äýóêïëï ôñüðï: áíïßîôå ôï êïõôß êáé áëëÜîôå èÝóåéò óôá jumpers
(âñá÷õêõêëùôÞñåò) êáé óôá êáëþäéá.</para>
<sidebar>
<title>Ìéá Éóôïñßá áðü ôá Áñ÷åßá ôùí Åîáéñåôéêþí Ðåñéðåôåéþí ôïõ
Bill êáé Fred:</title>
<para>O Bill äéáëýåé Ýíá ðáëéü ìç÷Üíçìá Wintel ãéá íá öôéÜîåé
Ýíá áêüìá &os; ìç÷Üíçìá ãéá ôï Fred. Ï Bill åãêáèéóôÜ Ýíá óêëçñü
äßóêï SCSI ùò óõóêåõÞ ìå áñéèìü ìçäÝí êáé åãêáèéóôÜ óå áõôÞ ôï
&os;.</para>
<para>Ï Fred îåêéíÜ íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï óýóôçìá, áëëÜ ìåôÜ áðü áñêåôÝò
ìÝñåò ðáñáôçñåß üôé ï ðáëéüò SCSI äßóêïò áíáöÝñåé áñêåôÜ ìç
êáôáóôñïöéêÜ ëÜèç (soft errors) êáé áíáöÝñåé ôï ãåãïíüò áõôü óôïí
Bill.</para>
<para>ÌåôÜ áðü ìåñéêÝò áêüìá ìÝñåò, ï Bill áðïöáóßæåé üôé Ý÷åé Ýñèåé
ç þñá íá áíôéìåôùðßóåé ôï ðñüâëçìá, êáé Ýôóé ðéÜíåé Ýíá áíôßóôïé÷ï
SCSI äßóêï áðü ôï <quote>áñ÷åßï</quote> óôï ðßóù äùìÜôéï. ¸íáò
áñ÷éêüò Ýëåã÷ïò åðéöÜíåéáò äåß÷íåé üôé ï äßóêïò ëåéôïõñãåß êáíïíéêÜ,
êáé Ýôóé ï Bill åãêáèéóôÜ ôï äßóêï áõôü ùò SCSI ìïíÜäá ôÝóóåñá êáé
áíôéãñÜöåé (ìÝóù image) ðëÞñùò ôá äåäïìÝíá áðü ôï äßóêï ìçäÝí óôï
äßóêï ôÝóóåñá. Ôþñá ðïõ ï íÝïò äßóêïò åßíáé åãêáôåóôçìÝíïò êáé
ëåéôïõñãåß óùóôÜ, ï Bill áðïöáóßæåé üôé åßíáé êáëÞ éäÝá íá áñ÷ßóåé
íá ôïí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß, êáé Ýôóé âÜæåé óå åöáñìïãÞ ôç äõíáôüôçôá ôïõ
BIOS íá áëëÜæåé ôçí áñßèìçóç ôùí äßóêùí þóôå ôï óýóôçìá íá îåêéíÜåé
áðü ôï äßóêï ôÝóóåñá. Ôï &os; îåêéíÜåé êáé åêôåëåßôáé
êáíïíéêÜ.</para>
<para>Ï Fred óõíå÷ßæåé ôç äïõëåéÜ ôïõ ãéá áñêåôÝò áêüìá ìÝñåò, êáé
óýíôïìá ï Bill êáé o Fred áðïöáóßæïõí üôé Ý÷åé Ýñèåé ç þñá ãéá ìéá
áêüìá ðåñéðÝôåéá — þñá íá áíáâáèìßóïõí óôçí íÝá Ýêäïóç ôïõ
&os;. Ï Bill áöáéñåß ôï äßóêï ìçäÝí ìéá êáé Þôáí åëáöñþò
ðñïâëçìáôéêüò êáé ôïí áíôéêáèéóôÜ ìå Ýíá Üëëï üìïéï äßóêï áðü ôï
<quote>áñ÷åßï</quote>. Ï Bill êáôüðéí åãêáèéóôÜ ôç íÝá Ýêäïóç ôïõ
&os; óôïí íÝï äßóêï ìçäÝí ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôéò ìáãéêÝò Internet FTP
äéóêÝôåò ôïõ Fred. Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ãßíåôáé ÷ùñßò ðñïâëÞìáôá.</para>
<para>Ï Fred ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôçí íÝá Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os; ãéá ìåñéêÝò ìÝñåò,
êáé ðéóôïðïéåß üôé åßíáé áñêåôÜ êáëÞ ãéá ÷ñÞóç óôï ôìÞìá
ìç÷áíéêÞò. ¸÷åé Ýñèåé ç þñá íá áíôéãñÜøåé üëç ôç äïõëåéÜ ôïõ áðü
ôçí ðáëéÜ Ýêäïóç. ¸ôóé ï Fred ðñïóáñôåß ôï äßóêï ìå áñéèìü
ôÝóóåñá (ôï ôåëåõôáßï áíôßãñáöï ôçò ðáëéÜò Ýêäïóçò ôïõ &os;).
Ï Fred áðïãïçôåýåôáé üôáí áíáêáëýðôåé üôé äåí õðÜñ÷åé ôßðïôá áðü ôçí
ðïëýôéìç åñãáóßá ôïõ óôï äßóêï ìå áñéèìü ôÝóóåñá.</para>
<para>Ðïõ ðÞãáí ôá äåäïìÝíá;</para>
<para>¼ôáí ï Bill Ýêáíå öùôïãñáöéêÞ áíôéãñáöÞ ôïõ áñ÷éêïý SCSI äßóêïõ
ìçäÝí óôï SCSI äßóêï ôÝóóåñá, ï äßóêïò ôÝóóåñá Ýãéíå ï <quote>íÝïò
êëþíïò</quote>. ¼ôáí ï Bill Üëëáîå ôçí áñßèìçóç óôï SCSI BIOS þóôå
íá ìðïñÝóåé íá îåêéíÞóåé áðü ôç ìïíÜäá SCSI ôÝóóåñá, áðëþò êïñüéäåõå
ôïí åáõôü ôïõ. To &os; ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýóå áêüìá ôç ìïíÜäá SCSI ìçäÝí.
ºóùò áõôÞ ç áëëáãÞ óôï BIOS íá ðñïêáëÝóåé ôçí ìåñéêÞ Þ ïëéêÞ öüñôùóç
ôïõ êþäéêá Boot Þ êáé ôïõ Loader áðü ôïí åðéëåãìÝíï áðü ôï BIOS
äßóêï, áëëÜ üôáí áíáëÜâïõí ôá ðñïãñÜììáôá ïäÞãçóçò ôïõ ðõñÞíá ôïõ
&os; ç áñßèìçóç ôïõ BIOS èá áãíïçèåß, êáé ôï &os; èá åðáíÝëèåé óôç
öõóéïëïãéêÞ áñßèìçóç ôùí äßóêùí. Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò, ôï óýóôçìá
óõíÝ÷éóå íá ëåéôïõñãåß óôïí áñ÷éêü SCSI äßóêï ìçäÝí, êáé üëá ôá
äåäïìÝíá ôïõ Fred Þôáí åêåß, êáé ü÷é óôïí SCSI äßóêï ôÝóóåñá. Ôï
ãåãïíüò üôé ôï óýóôçìá öáéíüôáí íá ëåéôïõñãåß áðü ôï SCSI äßóêï
ôÝóóåñá Þôáí áðëþò Ýíá êáôáóêåýáóìá ôçò áíèñþðéíçò
ðñïóäïêßáò.</para>
<para>Åßìáóôå åõôõ÷åßò íá áíáêïéíþóïõìå üôé äåí ÷Üèçêáí êáèüëïõ
äåäïìÝíá êáôÜ ôçí áíáêÜëõøç ôïõ öáéíïìÝíïõ áõôïý. Ï ðáëéüò SCSI
äßóêïò ìçäÝí áíáêôÞèçêå áðü ôï óùñü, êáé üëç ç åñãáóßá ôïõ Fred
åðéóôñÜöçêå óå áõôüí (êáé ôþñá ï Bill îÝñåé üôé ìðïñåß íá ìåôñÜåé
ùò ôï ìçäÝí).</para>
<para>Áí êáé óôçí éóôïñßá áõôÞ ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞèçêáí ïäçãïß SCSI, ïé áñ÷Ýò
éó÷ýïõí åîßóïõ êáé ãéá ïäçãïýò IDE.</para>
</sidebar>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="main-fdisk">
<title>Äçìéïõñãþíôáò Slices ìå ×ñÞóç ôçò FDisk</title>
<note>
<para>ÊáìéÜ áëëáãÞ ðïõ èá êÜíåôå óå áõôü ôï óçìåßï äåí èá ãñáöåß óôï
äßóêï. Áí íïìßæåôå üôé êÜíáôå êÜðïéï ëÜèïò êáé èÝëåôå íá îåêéíÞóåôå
îáíÜ áðü ôçí áñ÷Þ, ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôá ìåíïý ãéá íá
âãåßôå áðü ôï <application>sysinstall</application> êáé íá
äïêéìÜóåôå îáíÜ Þ ðéÝóôå ôï <keycap>U</keycap> ãéá íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ <guimenuitem>Undo</guimenuitem>. Áí
ìðåñäåõôåßôå êáé äåí ìðïñåßôå íá äåßôå ðùò íá âãåßôå, ìðïñåßôå ðÜíôá
áðëÜ íá áðåíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò.</para>
</note>
<para>Áöïý åðéëÝîåôå íá îåêéíÞóåôå ìéá ôõðéêÞ åãêáôÜóôáóç
(standard installation) óôï <application>sysinstall</application> èá
äåßôå ôï ðáñáêÜôù ìÞíõìá:</para>
<screen> Message
In the next menu, you will need to set up a DOS-style ("fdisk")
partitioning scheme for your hard disk. If you simply wish to devote
all disk space to FreeBSD (overwriting anything else that might be on
the disk(s) selected) then use the (A)ll command to select the default
partitioning scheme followed by a (Q)uit. If you wish to allocate only
free space to FreeBSD, move to a partition marked "unused" and use the
(C)reate command.
[ OK ]
[ Press enter or space ]</screen>
<para>ÐéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> óýìöùíá ìå ôéò ïäçãßåò. Èá äåßôå
ôüôå ìéá ëßóôá ìå üëïõò ôïõò óêëçñïýò äßóêïõò ðïõ áíß÷íåõóå ï ðõñÞíáò
êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò áíß÷íåõóçò óõóêåõþí. Ôï
<xref linkend="sysinstall-fdisk-drive1"/> äåß÷íåé Ýíá ðáñÜäåéãìá áðü
Ýíá óýóôçìá ìå äýï äßóêïõò IDE. ¸÷ïõí ôá ïíüìáôá
<devicename>ad0</devicename> êáé <devicename>ad2</devicename>.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-fdisk-drive1">
<title>ÅðéëÝîôå Äßóêï ãéá ôçí FDisk</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/fdisk-drive1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ºóùò íá áíáñùôéÝóôå ãéáôß äåí õðÜñ÷åé åäþ óõóêåõÞ ìå üíïìá
<devicename>ad1</devicename>. Ôé åßíáé áõôü ðïõ ëåßðåé;</para>
<para>Óêåöôåßôå ôé èá ãéíüôáí áí åß÷áôå äýï IDE äßóêïõò, Ýíá ùò master
óôï ðñþôï IDE åëåãêôÞ, êáé Ýíá ùò master óôï äåýôåñï IDE åëåãêôÞ. Áí
ôï &os; ôïõò áñéèìïýóå üðùò ôïõò Ýâñéóêå, äçë. ùò
<devicename>ad0</devicename> êáé <devicename>ad1</devicename>
üëá èá ëåéôïõñãïýóáí êáíïíéêÜ.</para>
<para>Áí üìùò ðñïóèÝôáìå ìåôÜ Ýíá ôñßôï äßóêï, ùò óõóêåõÞ slave óôïí
ðñþôï IDE åëåãêôÞ, áõôÞ èá ãéíüôáí ðëÝïí <devicename>ad1</devicename>,
êáé ç ðñïçãïýìåíç <devicename>ad1</devicename> èá ãéíüôáí
<devicename>ad2</devicename>. ÅðåéäÞ ôá ïíüìáôá ôùí óõóêåõþí (üðùò
<devicename>ad1s1a</devicename>) ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé ãéá ôçí åýñåóç ôùí
óõóôçìÜôùí áñ÷åßùí, ìðïñåß íá áíáêáëýðôáôå îáöíéêÜ üôé êÜðïéá áðü ôá
óõóôÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí óáò äåí åìöáíßæïíôáé êáíïíéêÜ êáé ðñÝðåé íá áëëÜîåôå
ôçí ñýèìéóç ôïõ &os; óáò.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá îåðåñáóôåß ôï ðñüâëçìá áõôü, ï ðõñÞíáò ìðïñåß íá ñõèìéóôåß
íá ïíïìÜæåé ôïõò äßóêïõò IDE áíÜëïãá ìå ôçí èÝóç ôïõò, êáé ü÷é ìå ôç
óåéñÜ ìå ôçí ïðïßá áíé÷íåýïíôáé. Ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü, ï master äßóêïò
óôï äåýôåñï IDE åëåãêôÞ èá åßíáé <emphasis>ðÜíôá</emphasis>,
<devicename>ad2</devicename>, áêüìá êáé áí äåí õðÜñ÷åé óõóêåõÞ
<devicename>ad0</devicename> Þ <devicename>ad1</devicename>.</para>
<para>Ç ñýèìéóç áõôÞ åßíáé êáé ç ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ãéá ôïí ðõñÞíá ôïõ &os;,
êáé ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü ç ïèüíç äåß÷íåé <devicename>ad0</devicename> êáé
<devicename>ad2</devicename>. Ôï ìç÷Üíçìá áðü ôï ïðïßï ëÞöèçêå ç
åéêüíá åß÷å äßóêïõò master êáé óôïõò äýï åëåãêôÝò IDE, åíþ äåí åß÷å
êáíÝíá äßóêï slave.</para>
<para>ÐñÝðåé íá åðéëÝîåôå ôï äßóêï óôïí ïðïßï èá ãßíåé ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ
&os; êáé íá ðéÝóåôå &gui.ok;. Ôï <application>FDisk</application> èá
îåêéíÞóåé, ìå ïèüíç áíôßóôïé÷ç ìå áõôÞ ðïõ öáßíåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="sysinstall-fdisk1"/>.</para>
<para>Ç ïèüíç ôïõ <application>FDisk</application> åßíáé ÷ùñéóìÝíç óå
ôñßá ôìÞìáôá.</para>
<para>Ôï ðñþôï ôìÞìá, ôï ïðïßï êáëýðôåé ôéò äýï ðñþôåò ãñáììÝò ôçò
ïèüíçò, äåß÷íåé ëåðôïìÝñåéåò ãéá ôïí åðéëåãìÝíï äßóêï, ðïõ
ðåñéëáìâÜíïõí ôï üíïìá ôïõ óôï &os;, ôç ãåùìåôñßá ôïõ, êáé ôï óõíïëéêü
ìÝãåèïò ôïõ.</para>
<para>Ôï äåýôåñï ôìÞìá äåß÷íåé ôá slices ôá ïðïßá õðÜñ÷ïõí óôï äßóêï ôç
äåäïìÝíç óôéãìÞ, ôá óçìåßá óôá ïðïßá îåêéíïýí êáé ôåëåéþíïõí, ðüóï
ìåãÜëá åßíáé, ôçí ïíïìáóßá ðïõ Ý÷ïõí óôï &os; êáé ôçí ðåñéãñáöÞ ôïõò
êáé ôïí ôýðï ôïõò. Ôï ðáñÜäåéãìá áõôü äåß÷íåé äýï ìéêñÜ
á÷ñçóéìïðïßçôá slices, ôá ïðïßá åßíáé ðáñåíÝñãåéåò ôïõ ôñüðïõ
äéÜôáîçò ôùí äßóêùí óôá PC. Äåß÷íåé åðßóçò Ýíá ìåãÜëï
<acronym>FAT</acronym> slice, ôï ïðïßï óßãïõñá åìöáíßæåôáé ùò
<devicename>C:</devicename> óôá &ms-dos; êáé &windows;, êáèþò êáé ìéá
åêôåôáìÝíç êáôÜôìçóç ç ïðïßá ìðïñåß íá ðåñéÝ÷åé êáé Üëëá ãñÜììáôá
ïäçãþí ãéá ôï &ms-dos; Þ ôá &windows;.</para>
<para>Ôï ôñßôï ôìÞìá, äåß÷íåé ôéò åíôïëÝò ðïõ åßíáé äéáèÝóéìåò óôçí
<application>FDisk</application>.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-fdisk1">
<title>ÔõðéêÝò ÊáôáôìÞóåéò <command>fdisk</command> ðñéí ôçí
Åðåîåñãáóßá</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/fdisk-edit1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôï ôé èá êÜíåôå ôþñá åîáñôÜôáé áðü ôï ðùò èÝëåôå íá ÷ùñßóåôå ôï
äßóêï óáò.</para>
<para>Áí èÝëåôå ôï &os; íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé üëï ôï äßóêï óáò (óâÞíïíôáò
Ýôóé üëá ôá Üëëá äåäïìÝíá áðü áõôüí, üôáí åðéâåâáéþóåôå áñãüôåñá óôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç üôé èÝëåôå ôï <application>sysinstall</application> íá
ðñï÷ùñÞóåé) ìðïñåßôå áðëþò íá ðéÝóåôå <keycap>A</keycap>
ôï ïðïßï áíôéóôïé÷åß ìå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>Use Entire Disk</guimenuitem> (×ñÞóç ïëüêëçñïõ ôïõ
äßóêïõ). Ïé õðÜñ÷ïõóåò êáôáôìÞóåéò èá äéáãñáöïýí, êáé èá
áíôéêáôáóôáèïýí ìå ìéá ìéêñÞ ðåñéï÷Þ ìáñêáñéóìÝíç ùò
<literal>unused (á÷ñçóéìïðïßçôç)</literal> (îáíÜ, ìéá ðáñåíÝñãåéá
ôùí äéáôÜîåùí äßóêïõ óôï PC) êáé ìå Ýíá ìåãÜëï slice ãéá ôï &os;.
Áí ôï êÜíåôå áõôü, èá ðñÝðåé íá åðéëÝîåôå ìå ôá âåëÜêéá ôï íÝï &os;
slice êáé íá ôï ìáñêÜñåôå ùò åêêéíÞóéìï (bootable) ðéÝæïíôáò ôï
ðëÞêôñï <keycap>S</keycap>. Ç ïèüíç óáò èá åßíáé áñêåôÜ ðáñüìïéá ìå
ôçí <xref linkend="sysinstall-fdisk2"/>. ÐáñáôçñÞóôå ôï
<literal>A</literal> óôçí óôÞëç <literal>Flags</literal>, ôï ïðïßï
äåß÷íåé üôé ôï slice åßíáé <emphasis>active (åíåñãü)</emphasis>,
êáé ðñüêåéôáé íá ãßíåé åêêßíçóç áðü áõôü.</para>
<para>Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá äéáãñÜøåôå Ýíá õðÜñ÷ïí slice ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå
÷þñï ãéá ôï &os;, èá ðñÝðåé íá åðéëÝîåôå ôï slice ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, êáé
íá ðéÝóåôå <keycap>D</keycap>. Ìðïñåßôå êáôüðéí íá ðéÝóåôå
<keycap>C</keycap>, êáé èá åñùôçèåßôå ãéá ôï ìÝãåèïò ôïõ slice ðïõ
èÝëåôå íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå. Ç ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ôéìÞ óôï äéÜëïãï
áíôéðñïóùðåýåé ôï ìÝãéóôï äõíáôü slice ðïõ ìðïñåßôå íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå,
ôï ïðïßï ìðïñåß íá åßíáé ôï ìÝãéóôï óõíå÷üìåíï ìðëïê åëåýèåñïõ ÷þñïõ Þ
ôï ìÝãåèïò ïëüêëçñïõ ôïõ äßóêïõ.</para>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå Þäç äçìéïõñãÞóåé ÷þñï ãéá ôï &os; (ßóùò ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç
êÜðïéïõ åñãáëåßïõ üðùò ôï <application>&partitionmagic;</application>)
ìðïñåßôå íá ðéÝóåôå <keycap>C</keycap> ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå íÝï slice.
Èá åñùôçèåßôå êáé ðÜëé ãéá ôï ìÝãåèïò ôïõ slice ðïõ èÝëåôå íá
äçìéïõñãÞóåôå.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-fdisk2">
<title>ÊáôÜôìçóç Fdisk ðïõ ×ñçóéìïðïéåß Ïëüêëçñï ôï Äßóêï</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/fdisk-edit2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>¼ôáí ôåëåéþóåôå, ðéÝóôå <keycap>Q</keycap>. Ïé áëëáãÝò óáò èá
áðïèçêåõôïýí óôï <application>sysinstall</application>, áëëÜ äåí èá
ãñáöôïýí áêüìá óôï äßóêï.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="bootmgr">
<title>ÅãêáôÜóôáóç Äéá÷åéñéóôÞ Åêêßíçóçò (Boot Manager)</title>
<para>¸÷åôå ôþñá ôçí åðéëïãÞ íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå äéá÷åéñéóôÞ åêêßíçóçò
(boot manager). Óå ãåíéêÝò ãñáììÝò èá ðñÝðåé íá åðéëÝîåôå íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï äéá÷åéñéóôÞ åêêßíçóçò ôïõ &os; áí:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>¸÷åôå ðåñéóóüôåñïõò áðü Ýíá äßóêïõò, êáé Ý÷åôå åðéëÝîåé íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; óå äßóêï ðïõ äåí åßíáé ï ðñþôïò.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>¸÷åôå åãêáôáóôÞóåé ôï &os; ìáæß ìå Ýíá Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü
óýóôçìá óôïí ßäéï äßóêï, êáé èÝëåôå íá ìðïñåßôå íá åðéëÝãåôå áí
èá îåêéíÞóåôå ôï &os; Þ ôï Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü, üôáí îåêéíÜôå ôïí
õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Áí ôï &os; ðñüêåéôáé íá åßíáé ôï ìïíáäéêü ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá óôïí
õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò, êáé åßíáé åãêáôåóôçìÝíï óôïí ðñþôï óêëçñü äßóêï, ôüôå
åßíáé åðáñêÞò ï <guimenuitem>Standard</guimenuitem> äéá÷åéñéóôÞò
åêêßíçóçò. ÅðéëÝîôå <guimenuitem>None</guimenuitem> áí ðñüêåéôáé íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå äéá÷åéñéóôÞ åêêßíçóçò ôñßôïõ êáôáóêåõáóôÞ, ï ïðïßïò
åßíáé éêáíüò íá åêêéíÞóåé ôï &os;.</para>
<para>ÊÜíôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ óáò êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-bootmgr">
<title>Ôï ìåíïý Boot Manager ôïõ Sysinstall</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/boot-mgr" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ç ïèüíç âïÞèåéáò, óôçí ïðïßá Ý÷åôå ðñüóâáóç ðéÝæïíôáò ôï
<keycap>F1</keycap>, óõæçôÜ ôá ðñïâëÞìáôá ôá ïðïßá åíäå÷ïìÝíùò èá
áíôéìåôùðßóåôå üôáí åðé÷åéñÞóåôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôïí ßäéï äßóêï óå
ðåñéóóüôåñá áðü Ýíá ëåéôïõñãéêÜ óõóôÞìáôá.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Äçìéïõñãþíôáò Slices óå ¸íá ¶ëëï Äßóêï</title>
<para>Áí õðÜñ÷ïõí ðåñéóóüôåñïé áðü Ýíáò äßóêïé, èá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôçí
ïèüíç åðéëïãÞò äßóêùí (Select Driver) áìÝóùò ìåôÜ ôçí åðéëïãÞ ôïõ
äéá÷åéñéóôÞ åêêßíçóçò. Áí èÝëåôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; óå
ðåñéóóüôåñïõò áðü Ýíá äßóêïõò, ìðïñåßôå åäþ íá åðéëÝîåôå Ýíá Üëëï
äßóêï êáé íá åðáíáëÜâåôå ôçí äéáäéêáóßá êáôÜôìçóçò ìå ôçí ÷ñÞóç ôïõ
<application>FDisk</application>.</para>
<important>
<para>Áí åãêáèéóôÜôå ôï &os; óå ïðïéïäÞðïôå äßóêï åêôüò áðü ôïí ðñþôï
èá ðñÝðåé íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï äéá÷åéñéóôÞ åêêßíçóçò ôïõ &os; êáé
óôïõò äýï äßóêïõò.</para>
</important>
<figure id="sysinstall-fdisk-drive2">
<title>¸îïäïò áðü ôçí ÅðéëïãÞ Äßóêùí (Select Drive)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/fdisk-drive2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôï ðëÞêôñï <keycap>Tab</keycap> åíáëëÜóóåé ìåôáîý ôïõ ôåëåõôáßïõ
åðéëåãìÝíïõ äßóêïõ, ôïõ &gui.ok;, êáé ôïõ &gui.cancel;.</para>
<para>ÐéÝóôå ìéá öïñÜ ôï <keycap>Tab</keycap> ãéá íá ìåôáöåñèåßôå óôï
&gui.ok;, ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="bsdlabeleditor">
<title>Äçìéïõñãþíôáò ÊáôáôìÞóåéò (Partitions) ìå ×ñÞóç ôïõ
<application>Disklabel</application></title>
<para>ÐñÝðåé ôþñá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå êáôáôìÞóåéò ìÝóá óå êÜèå slice ðïõ
äçìéïõñãÞóáôå. Èõìçèåßôå üôé ïé êáôáôìÞóåéò ÷áñáêôçñßæïíôáé áðü
ãñÜììáôá áðü <literal>a</literal> ùò <literal>h</literal>, êáé üôé
ïé êáôáôìÞóåéò <literal>b</literal>, <literal>c</literal>, êáé
<literal>d</literal> Ý÷ïõí ôõðïðïéçìÝíç óçìáóßá ôçí ïðïßá ðñÝðåé íá
áêïëïõèÞóåôå.</para>
<para>ÊÜðïéåò åöáñìïãÝò ìðïñåß íá ùöåëçèïýí áðü óõãêåêñéìÝíï ôñüðï
êáôÜôìçóçò, åéäéêÜ áí ðñüêåéôáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå êáôáôìÞóåéò óå
ðåñéóóüôåñïõò áðü Ýíá äßóêïõò. Ùóôüóï, ãéá áõôÞ ôçí ðñþôç óáò
åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os; äåí ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá åßóôå ôüóï ó÷ïëáóôéêïß óôçí
êáôÜôìçóç ôïõ äßóêïõ óáò. Åßíáé ðéï óçìáíôéêü íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï
&os; êáé íá ìÜèåôå íá ôï ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå. Ìðïñåßôå ðÜíôá íá
åðáíåãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; áëëÜæïíôáò ôïí ôñüðï êáôÜôìçóçò, üôáí ðëÝïí
èá åßóôå ðéï åîïéêåéùìÝíïò ìå ôï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá.</para>
<para>Ï ôñüðïò áõôüò ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôÝóóåñéò êáôáôìÞóåéò—ìéá ãéá
÷þñï swap, êáé ôñåéò ãéá óõóôÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí.</para>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1">
<title>ÄéÜôáîç ÊáôáôìÞóåùí ãéá ôïí Ðñþôï Äßóêï</title>
<tgroup cols="4">
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="4*"/>
<thead>
<row>
<entry>ÊáôÜôìçóç</entry>
<entry>Óýóôçìá Áñ÷åßùí</entry>
<entry>ÌÝãåèïò</entry>
<entry>ÐåñéãñáöÞ</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry><literal>a</literal></entry>
<entry><filename>/</filename></entry>
<entry>1 GB</entry>
<entry>Ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ôï root óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí (root filesystem).
¼ëá ôá Üëëá óõóôÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí ðñïóáñôþíôáé óå êÜðïéï óçìåßï
êÜôù áðü áõôü. Ôï 1 GB èåùñåßôáé ìéá öõóéïëïãéêÞ ôéìÞ
ãéá áõôü ôï óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí. Äåí ðñüêåéôáé íá âÜëåôå
éäéáßôåñá äåäïìÝíá óå áõôü, êáèþò ìéá óõíçèéóìÝíç åãêáôÜóôáóç
&os; èá âÜëåé åäþ ðåñßðïõ 128 MB äåäïìÝíùí. Ï ÷þñïò ðïõ
áðïìÝíåé ðñïïñßæåôáé ãéá ðñïóùñéíÜ äåäïìÝíá, êáé åðßóçò
áöÞíåé ÷þñï åðÝêôáóçò óôçí ðåñßðôùóç ðïõ ïé ìåëëïíôéêÝò
åêäüóåéò ôïõ &os; áðáéôïýí ðåñéóóüôåñï ÷þñï óôï
<filename>/</filename>.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><literal>b</literal></entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>2-3 x RAM</entry>
<entry><para>Óå áõôÞ ôçí êáôÜôìçóç âñßóêåôáé ï ÷þñïò swap ôïõ
óõóôÞìáôïò. Ç åðéëïãÞ óùóôïý ìåãÝèïõò swap ìðïñåß íá
èåùñçèåß Ýíá åßäïò ôÝ÷íçò. ¸íáò êáëüò ãåíéêüò êáíüíáò åßíáé
ï ÷þñïò áõôüò íá åßíáé äýï ùò ôñåéò öïñÝò ôï ìÝãåèïò ôçò
äéáèÝóéìçò öõóéêÞò ìíÞìçò (RAM).
Åðßóçò èá ðñÝðåé íá Ý÷åôå ôïõëÜ÷éóôïí 64 MB swap, Ýôóé
áí Ý÷åôå ëéãüôåñá áðü 32 MB RAM óôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò,
ïñßóôå ôï swap óôá 64 MB.</para><para>
Áí Ý÷åôå ðåñéóóüôåñïõò áðü Ýíá äßóêïõò ìðïñåßôå íá
ïñßóåôå ÷þñï swap óå êÜèå äßóêï. Ôï &os; èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß
ôüôå êÜèå äßóêï ãéá swap, ôï ïðïßï åðéôá÷ýíåé ôç
äéáäéêáóßá. Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç áõôÞ, õðïëïãßóôå ôï óõíïëéêü
ìÝãåèïò ôïõ swap ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåóôå (ð.÷. 128 MB) êáé
ìïéñÜóôå ôï ìå ôï ðëÞèïò ôùí äßóêùí ðïõ Ý÷åôå (ð.÷., äýï
äßóêïé) ãéá íá âñåßôå ôï ìÝãåèïò ôïõ swap ðïõ èá
äçìéïõñãÞóåôå óå êÜèå äßóêï, óå áõôü ôï ðáñÜäåéãìá,
64 MB áíÜ äßóêï.</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><literal>e</literal></entry>
<entry><filename>/var</filename></entry>
<entry>512 ùò 4096 MB</entry>
<entry>Ï êáôÜëïãïò <filename>/var</filename> ðåñéÝ÷åé áñ÷åßá ôá
ïðïßá óõíå÷þò ìåôáâÜëëïíôáé, üðùò áñ÷åßá êáôáãñáöÞò (log
files) êáé Üëëá áñ÷åßá ðïõ Ý÷ïõí íá êÜíïõí ìå äéá÷åéñéóôéêÝò
åñãáóßåò. ÐïëëÜ áðü ôá áñ÷åßá áõôÜ äéáâÜæïíôáé êáé ãñÜöïíôáé
óõíÝ÷åéá êáôÜ ôçí êáèçìåñéíÞ ÷ñÞóç ôïõ &os;. Ç ôïðïèÝôçóç ôùí
áñ÷åßùí áõôþí óå ÷ùñéóôü óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí åðéôñÝðåé óôï &os;
íá âåëôéóôïðïéåß ôçí ðñüóâáóç óå áõôÜ ÷ùñßò íá åðçñåÜæïíôáé
áñ÷åßá óå Üëëïõò êáôáëüãïõò ðïõ äåí Ý÷ïõí ðáñüìïéá óõ÷íÞ
ðñüóâáóç.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><literal>f</literal></entry>
<entry><filename>/usr</filename></entry>
<entry>Õðüëïéðïò ×þñïò Äßóêïõ (ôïõëÜ÷éóôïí 8 GB)</entry>
<entry>¼ëá ôá õðüëïéðá áñ÷åßá óáò èá åßíáé ôõðéêÜ áðïèçêåõìÝíá
óôï <filename>/usr</filename> êáé ôïõò õðïêáôáëüãïõò ôïõ.
</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<warning>
<para>Ïé ðáñáðÜíù ôéìÝò äßíïíôáé ìüíï ùò õðïäåßãìáôá êáé ðñïïñßæïíôáé
ãéá åãêáôáóôÜóåéò áðü ðñï÷ùñçìÝíïõò ÷ñÞóôåò. Óáò óõíéóôïýìå íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôç äõíáôüôçôá áõôüìáôçò êáôÜôìçóçò, ç ïðïßá
áíáöÝñåôáé ùò <literal>Auto Defaults</literal> óôïí åðåîåñãáóôÞ
êáôáôìÞóåùí ôïõ &os;.</para>
</warning>
<para>Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; óå ðåñéóóüôåñïõò áðü Ýíá
äßóêïõò, èá ðñÝðåé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå êáôáôìÞóåéò êáé óôá Üëëá slices
ðïõ Ý÷åôå äçìéïõñãÞóåé. Ï åõêïëüôåñïò ôñüðïò åßíáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå
äýï êáôáôìÞóåéò óå êÜèå äßóêï, ìéá ãéá ôï swap, êáé ìéá ãéá Ýíá
óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí.</para>
<table frame="none" pgwide="1">
<title>ÄéÜôáîç ÊáôáôìÞóåùí ãéá ôïõò Õðüëïéðïõò Äßóêïõò</title>
<tgroup cols="4">
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="1*"/>
<colspec colwidth="2*"/>
<colspec colwidth="3*"/>
<thead>
<row>
<entry>ÊáôÜôìçóç</entry>
<entry>Óýóôçìá Áñ÷åßùí</entry>
<entry>ÌÝãåèïò</entry>
<entry>ÐåñéãñáöÞ</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry><literal>b</literal></entry>
<entry>N/A</entry>
<entry>Äåßôå ôçí ðåñéãñáöÞ</entry>
<entry>¼ðùò Ý÷åé Þäç óõæçôçèåß, ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ùñßóåôå ôï ÷þñï
swap áíÜìåóá óå ðïëëïýò äßóêïõò. Áí êáé ç êáôÜôìçóç
<literal>a</literal> åßíáé åëåýèåñç, ç óýìâáóç åðéâÜëëåé ôç
÷ñÞóç ôçò êáôÜôìçóçò <literal>b</literal> ãéá ôï ÷þñï
swap.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><literal>e</literal></entry>
<entry>/disk<replaceable>n</replaceable></entry>
<entry>Õðüëïéðï ÔìÞìá ôïõ Äßóêïõ</entry>
<entry>Ôï õðüëïéðï êïììÜôé ôïõ äßóêïõ êáôáëáìâÜíåôáé áðü ìéá
ìåãÜëç êáôÜôìçóç. Ìðïñåßôå åýêïëá íá ôçí âÜëåôå óôçí
êáôÜôìçóç <literal>a</literal> áíôß ãéá ôçí
<literal>e</literal>. Ùóôüóï, ç óýìâáóç ïñßæåé üôé ç
êáôÜôìçóç <literal>a</literal> óå Ýíá slice äåóìåýåôáé ãéá ôï
óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí root (<filename>/</filename>). Äåí åßóôå
õðï÷ñåùìÝíïé íá áêïëïõèÞóåôå áõôÞ ôç óýìâáóç, áëëÜ ôï
<application>sysinstall</application> ôçí áêïëïõèåß, ïðüôå
áí ôçí áêïëïõèÞóåôå êáé åóåßò ç åãêáôÜóôáóç èá åßíáé ðéï
êáèáñÞ. Ìðïñåßôå íá ðñïóáñôÞóåôå áõôü ôï óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí üðïõ
èÝëåôå. Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò, ç ðñïóÜñôçóç ãßíåôáé óôïõò
êáôáëüãïõò <filename>/disk<replaceable>n</replaceable>
</filename>, üðïõ ôï <replaceable>n</replaceable> åßíáé Ýíáò
áñéèìüò ðïõ áëëÜæåé ãéá êÜèå äßóêï. ÁëëÜ ìðïñåßôå, áí
ðñïôéìÜôå, íá ïñßóåôå äéêÞ óáò äéÜôáîç.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>¸÷ïíôáò áðïöáóßóåé ôçí äéÜôáîç ôùí êáôáôìÞóåùí óáò, ìðïñåßôå ôþñá
íá ôçí äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï
<application>sysinstall</application>. Èá äåßôå ôï ðáñáêÜôù
ìÞíõìá:</para>
<screen> Message
Now, you need to create BSD partitions inside of the fdisk
partition(s) just created. If you have a reasonable amount of disk
space (1GB or more) and don't have any special requirements, simply
use the (A)uto command to allocate space automatically. If you have
more specific needs or just don't care for the layout chosen by
(A)uto, press F1 for more information on manual layout.
[ OK ]
[ Press enter or space ]</screen>
<para>ÐéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôïí åðåîåñãáóôÞ
êáôáôìÞóåùí ôïõ &os;, ðïõ ïíïìÜæåôáé
<application>Disklabel</application>.</para>
<para>Ôï <xref linkend="sysinstall-label"/> äåß÷íåé ôçí ïèüíç üôáí
îåêéíÞóåôå ãéá ðñþôç öïñÜ ôï <application>Disklabel</application>. Ç
ïèüíç ÷ùñßæåôáé óå ôñßá ôìÞìáôá.</para>
<para>Ïé ðñþôåò ãñáììÝò äåß÷íïõí ôï üíïìá ôïõ äßóêïõ óôïí ïðïßï
äïõëåýåôå, êáé ôï slice ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé ôéò êáôáôìÞóåéò ðïõ äçìéïõñãåßôå
(óôï óçìåßï áõôü ôï <application>Disklabel</application> ôéò ïíïìÜæåé
<literal>Partition name</literal> áíôß ãéá ôï üíïìá ôïõ slice).
Ç ïèüíç åðßóçò äåß÷íåé ôçí ðïóüôçôá åëåýèåñïõ ÷þñïõ ìÝóá óôï slice,
äçë. ôï ÷þñï ðïõ Ý÷åé êñáôçèåß ìÝóá óôï slice áëëÜ äåí Ý÷åé áðïäïèåß
áêüìá óå êÜðïéá êáôÜôìçóç.</para>
<para>Ôï ìÝóï ôçò ïèüíçò äåß÷íåé ôéò êáôáôìÞóåéò ðïõ Ý÷ïõí äçìéïõñãçèåß,
ôï üíïìá ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò áñ÷åßùí ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé êÜèå êáôÜôìçóç, ôï
ìÝãåèïò ôïõò, êáé êÜðïéåò åðéëïãÝò ðïõ ó÷åôßæïíôáé ìå ôç äçìéïõñãßá
ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò áñ÷åßùí.</para>
<para>Ôï êÜôù ìÝñïò ôçò ïèüíçò äåß÷íåé ôá ðëÞêôñá ðïõ ìðïñåßôå íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå óôï <application>Disklabel</application>.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-label">
<title>ÅðåîåñãáóôÞò Disklabel ôïõ Sysinstall</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/disklabel-ed1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôï <application>Disklabel</application> ìðïñåß íá äçìéïõñãÞóåé
áõôüìáôá êáôáôìÞóåéò ãéá åóÜò, êáé íá ôïõò áðïäþóåé ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò
ôéìÝò. Ïé ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò ôéìÝò õðïëïãßæïíôáé ìå ôçí âïÞèåéá åíüò
åíóùìáôùìÝíïõ áëãïñßèìïõ êáèïñéóìïý ìåãåèþí, ï ïðïßïò áðïöáóßæåé ìå
âÜóç ôï ìÝãåèïò ôïõ äßóêïõ.
ÄïêéìÜóôå ôï ôþñá ðéÝæïíôáò ôï <keycap>A</keycap>. Èá
äåßôå ìéá ïèüíç üìïéá ìå áõôÞí óôï <xref linkend="sysinstall-label2"/>.
ÁíÜëïãá ìå ôï ìÝãåèïò ôïõ äßóêïõ ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå, ïé ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò
ôéìÝò ìðïñåß íá åßíáé Þ êáé íá ìçí åßíáé êáôÜëëçëåò. Áõôü äåí Ý÷åé
óçìáóßá, ãéáôß äåí ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá ôéò áðïäå÷èåßôå.</para>
<note>
<para>Ï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíïò ôñüðïò êáôÜôìçóçò áðïäßäåé óôïí êáôÜëïãï
<filename>/tmp</filename> ôçí äéêÞ ôïõ êáôÜôìçóç áíôß íá ôïí
êáèéóôÜ ìÝñïò ôçò êáôÜôìçóçò <filename>/</filename>. Áõôü âïçèÜåé
óôçí áðïöõãÞ ðëÞñùóçò ôçò êáôÜôìçóçò <filename>/</filename> ìå
ðñïóùñéíÜ áñ÷åßá.</para>
</note>
<figure id="sysinstall-label2">
<title>Ï ÅðåîåñãáóôÞò ÊáôáôìÞóåùí Disklabel ôïõ Sysinstall ìå ôéò
Áõôüìáôåò ÐñïåðéëïãÝò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/disklabel-auto" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå íá ìç ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôéò ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò êáôáôìÞóåéò
êáé èÝëåôå íá ôéò áíôéêáôáóôÞóåôå ìå ôéò äéêÝò óáò, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá
âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå ôçí ðñþôç êáôÜôìçóç êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>D</keycap> ãéá íá ôç óâÞóåôå. ÅðáíáëÜâåôå ãéá íá óâÞóåôå üëåò
ôéò ðñïôåéíüìåíåò êáôáôìÞóåéò.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ôçí ðñþôç êáôÜôìçóç (<literal>a</literal>, (ç
ïðïßá ðñïóáñôÜôáé ùò <filename>/</filename> — root), âåâáéùèåßôå
üôé Ý÷åôå åðéëÝîåé ôï óùóôü slice óôï ðÜíù ìÝñïò ôçò ïèüíçò, êáé
ðéÝóôå <keycap>C</keycap>. Èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá ðëáßóéï äéáëüãïõ ãéá íá
åéóÜãåôå ôï ìÝãåèïò ôçò íÝáò êáôÜôìçóçò (üðùò öáßíåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="sysinstall-label-add"/>). Ìðïñåßôå íá åéóÜãåôå ôï
ìÝãåèïò ùò ôïí áñéèìü ìðëïê ôïõ äßóêïõ ðïõ èÝëåôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå Þ
ùò áñéèìü áêïëïõèïýìåíï áðü <literal>M</literal> ãéá megabytes,
<literal>G</literal> ãéá gigabytes, Þ <literal>C</literal> ãéá
êõëßíäñïõò.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-label-add">
<title>Åëåýèåñïò ×þñïò ãéá ôçí ÊáôÜôìçóç Root</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/disklabel-root1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï ìÝãåèïò ðïõ öáßíåôáé èá äçìéïõñãÞóåé ìéá
êáôÜôìçóç ðïõ êáôáëáìâÜíåé üëï ôïí õðüëïéðï åëåýèåñï ÷þñï ôïõ slice.
Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôá ìåãÝèç ôùí êáôáôìÞóåùí ðïõ ðåñéãñÜøáìå óôï
ðñïçãïýìåíï ðáñÜäåéãìá, óâÞóôå ôïí áñéèìü ðïõ öáßíåôáé ìå ôï
<keycap>Backspace</keycap>, êáé ðëçêôñïëïãÞóôå
<userinput>512M</userinput>, üðùò öáßíåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="sysinstall-label-add2"/>. Êáôüðéí ðéÝóôå
&gui.ok;.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-label-add2">
<title>Åðåîåñãáóßá ÌåãÝèïõò ôçò ÊáôÜôìçóçò Root</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/disklabel-root2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>¸÷ïíôáò åðéëÝîåé ôï ìÝãåèïò ôçò êáôÜôìçóçò, èá åñùôçèåßôå êáôüðéí
ãéá ôï áí ç êáôÜôìçóç èá ðåñéÝ÷åé êÜðïéï óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí, Þ èá ãßíåé
÷þñïò swap. Ï äéÜëïãïò áõôüò öáßíåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="sysinstall-label-type"/>. Ç ðñþôç áõôÞ êáôÜôìçóç èá
ðåñéÝ÷åé óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí, ãéá áõôü åëÝãîôå üôé åßíáé åðéëåãìÝíï ôï
<guimenuitem>FS</guimenuitem> êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-label-type">
<title>ÅðéëÝîôå ôïí Ôýðï ôçò ÊáôÜôìçóçò Root</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/disklabel-fs" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÔÝëïò, åðåéäÞ äçìéïõñãåßôå óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí, ðñÝðåé íá äçëþóåôå óôï
<application>Disklabel</application> ðïõ èÝëåôå íá ãßíåé ç ðñïóÜñôçóç
ôïõ. Ï áíôßóôïé÷ïò äéÜëïãïò öáßíåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="sysinstall-label-mount"/>. Ôï óçìåßï ðñïóÜñôçóçò ôçò
êáôÜôìçóçò root åßíáé ôï <filename>/</filename>, ãéá áõôü ãñÜøôå
<userinput>/</userinput>, êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-label-mount">
<title>ÅðéëÝîôå ôï Óçìåßï ÐñïóÜñôçóçò ôïõ Root</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/disklabel-root3" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ç ïèüíç êáôüðéí èá áíáíåùèåß ãéá íá óáò äåßîåé ôçí êáôÜôìçóç ðïõ
ìüëéò äçìéïõñãÞóáôå. Èá ðñÝðåé íá åðáíáëÜâåôå áõôÞ ôçí äéáäéêáóßá ãéá
ôéò Üëëåò êáôáôìÞóåéò. ¼ôáí äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ôçí êáôÜôìçóç swap, äåí èá
óáò æçôçèåß íá åðéëÝîåôå óçìåßï ðñïóÜñôçóçò, êáèþò ïé êáôáôìÞóåéò
swap äåí ðñïóáñôþíôáé ðïôÝ. ¼ôáí äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ôçí ôåëåõôáßá
êáôÜôìçóç, ôçí <filename>/usr</filename>, ìðïñåßôå íá áöÞóåôå ôï
ðñïôåéíüìåíï ìÝãåèïò, ãéá íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå üëï ôïí õðüëïéðï ÷þñï ôïõ
slice.</para>
<para>Ç ôåëåõôáßá ïèüíç ôïõ &os; ÅðåîåñãáóôÞ DiskLabel, èá äåß÷íåé üìïéá
ìå ôçí <xref linkend="sysinstall-label4"/>, áí êáé ïé äéêÝò óáò ôéìÝò
èá åßíáé äéáöïñåôéêÝò. ÐéÝóôå <keycap>Q</keycap> ãéá ôÝëïò.</para>
<figure id="sysinstall-label4">
<title>Ï ÅðåîåñãáóôÞò Disklabel ôïõ Sysinstall</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/disklabel-ed2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-choosing">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôé èá ÅãêáôáóôÞóåôå</title>
<sect2 id="distset">
<title>ÅðéëÝîôå Distribution Set (Óåô ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò)</title>
<para>Ç áðüöáóç ãéá ôï ðïéï distribution set èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå,
åîáñôÜôáé êáôÜ êýñéï ëüãï áðü ôï åßäïò ÷ñÞóçò ôïõ ìç÷áíÞìáôïò êáé
ôïí äéáèÝóéìï ÷þñï óôï äßóêï. Ïé ðñïêáèïñéóìÝíåò åðéëïãÝò êõìáßíïíôáé
áðü ôçí åëÜ÷éóôç äõíáôÞ äéáìüñöùóç ìÝ÷ñé ôçí ðëÞñç. ¼óïé åßíáé
êáéíïýñéïé óôï &unix; Þ / êáé óôï &os; èá ðñÝðåé ó÷åäüí óßãïõñá íá
åðéëÝîïõí ìéá áðü ôéò ôõðïðïéçìÝíåò åðéëïãÝò. Ç äéáìüñöùóç
åîåéäéêåõìÝíïõ distribution set óõíßóôáôáé óõíÞèùò óôïí ðéï Ýìðåéñï
÷ñÞóôç.</para>
<para>ÐéÝóôå ôï <keycap>F1</keycap> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá ôéò
åðéëïãÝò êÜèå distribution set êáèþò êáé ãéá ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôïõò.
¼ôáí ôåëåéþóåôå ìå ôçí áíÜãíùóç ôçò âïÞèåéáò, ìå ôçí ðßåóç ôïõ
<keycap>Enter</keycap> èá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï ìåíïý
Select Distributions.</para>
<para>Áí åðéèõìåßôå ãñáöéêü ðåñéâÜëëïí åñãáóßáò, èá ðñÝðåé íá
ñõèìßóåôå ôïí X server êáé íá åðéëÝîåôå Ýíá ãñáöéêü ðåñéâÜëëïí
(desktop) ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;. Ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò
ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç êáé ñýèìéóç ôïõ X server ìðïñåßôå íá
äåßôå óôï <xref linkend="x11"/>.</para>
<para>Áí áíáìÝíåôå üôé èá ìåôáãëùôôßóåôå äéêü óáò åîåéäéêåõìÝíï ðõñÞíá,
äéáëÝîôå êÜðïéá áðü ôéò åðéëïãÝò ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷ïõí ôïí ðçãáßï êþäéêá. Ãéá
ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôï ãéáôß íá ìåôáãëùôôßóåôå äéêü
óáò ðõñÞíá Þ ãéá ôï ðùò ãßíåôáé, äåßôå ôï
<xref linkend="kernelconfig"/>.</para>
<para>Ðñïöáíþò ôï ðéï åõÝëéêôï óýóôçìá åßíáé áõôü ðïõ ôá ðåñéÝ÷åé üëá.
Áí Ý÷åôå áñêåôü ÷þñï óôï äßóêï, åðéëÝîôå
<guimenuitem>All</guimenuitem> üðùò öáßíåôáé óôï
<xref linkend="distribution-set1"/> ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá âåëÜêéá êáé
ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Áí óáò ðñïâëçìáôßæåé ï äéáèÝóéìïò
÷þñïò óôï äßóêï, êÜíôå ìéá êáôÜëëçëç åðéëïãÞ ãéá ôçí ðåñßðôùóç. Ìçí
ðñïâëçìáôßæåóôå éäéáßôåñá ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôçí ôÝëåéá åðéëïãÞ, êáèþò
ìðïñåßôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ðñüóèåôá óåô êáé ìåôÜ ôï ôÝëïò ôçò âáóéêÞò
åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<figure id="distribution-set1">
<title>ÅðéëÝîôå Distributions (Óåô ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/dist-set" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="portscol">
<title>ÅãêáôÜóôáóç ôçò ÓõëëïãÞò Ports</title>
<para>ÌåôÜ ôçí åðéëïãÞ ôïõ åðéèõìçôïý distribution set, èá Ý÷åôå ôçí
åõêáéñßá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôçí óõëëïãÞ ports ôïõ &os;. Ç óõëëïãÞ ports
åßíáé ìéá åýêïëç êáé âïëéêÞ ìÝèïäïò ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ëïãéóìéêü. Ç
óõëëïãÞ ôùí ports äåí ðåñéÝ÷åé ôïí ðçãáßï êþäéêá ðïõ áðáéôåßôáé ãéá íá
ìåôáãëùôôßóåôå ôï ëïãéóìéêü. ÁðëÜ åßíáé ìéá óõëëïãÞ áñ÷åßùí ðïõ
áõôïìáôïðïéåß ôï êáôÝâáóìá, ôç ìåôáãëþôôéóç êáé ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç
ðáêÝôùí ëïãéóìéêïý ôñßôïõ êáôáóêåõáóôÞ. Ôï <xref linkend="ports"/>
ðåñéãñÜöåé ðùò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí óõëëïãÞ ôùí ports.</para>
<para>Ôï ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò äåí åëÝã÷åé áí õðÜñ÷åé áñêåôüò åëåýèåñïò
÷þñïò. ÊÜíôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ ìüíï áí õðÜñ÷åé áñêåôüò ÷þñïò. Áðü ôçí
Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os; &rel.current;, ç óõëëïãÞ ports ôïõ &os; êáôáëáìâÜíåé
ðåñßðïõ &ports.size; ÷þñï óôï äßóêï. Ìðïñåßôå ìå áóöÜëåéá íá
èåùñÞóåôå üôé ï ÷þñïò áõôüò èá åßíáé ìåãáëýôåñïò ãéá ðéï êáéíïýñéåò
åêäüóåéò ôïõ &os;.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to install the FreeBSD ports collection?
This will give you ready access to over &os.numports; ported software packages,
at a cost of around &ports.size; of disk space when "clean" and possibly much
more than that if a lot of the distribution tarballs are loaded
(unless you have the extra CDs from a FreeBSD CD/DVD distribution
available and can mount it on /cdrom, in which case this is far less
of a problem).
The Ports Collection is a very valuable resource and well worth having
on your /usr partition, so it is advisable to say Yes to this option.
For more information on the Ports Collection & the latest ports,
visit:
http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; ìå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôç óõëëïãÞ
ôùí ports Þ &gui.no; ãéá íá ôçí ðáñáëåßøåôå. ÐéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå. Èá åìöáíéóôåß îáíÜ ôï ìåíïý
Choose Distributions (åðéëïãÞò Óåô ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò).</para>
<figure id="distribution-set2">
<title>Åðéâåâáßùóç Distribution Set</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/dist-set2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Áí åßóôå éêáíïðïéçìÝíïé áðü ôéò åðéëïãÝò óáò, åðéëÝîôå
<guimenuitem>Exit</guimenuitem> ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, åðéâåâáéþóôå üôé åßíáé
öùôéóìÝíç ç åðéëïãÞ &gui.ok; êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá
óõíå÷ßóåôå.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-media">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôï ÌÝóï ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò</title>
<para>Áí åãêáèéóôÜôå áðü CDROM Þ DVD, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá
öùôßóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>Install from a FreeBSD CD/DVD</guimenuitem>. Âåâáéùèåßôå
üôé åßíáé öùôéóìÝíç ç åðéëïãÞ &gui.ok; êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá ðñï÷ùñÞóåôå ìå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<para>Ãéá Üëëåò ìåèüäïõò åãêáôÜóôáóçò, êÜíôå ôçí êáôÜëëçëç åðéëïãÞ êáé
áêïëïõèÞóôå ôéò ïäçãßåò.</para>
<para>ÐéÝóôå ôï <keycap>F1</keycap> ãéá íá äåßôå ôçí åíóùìáôùìÝíç âïÞèåéá
ãéá ôá ìÝóá åãêáôÜóôáóçò. ÐéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá
åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï ìåíïý åðéëïãÞò ìÝóïõ åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<figure id="choose-media">
<title>ÅðéëÝîôå ÌÝóï ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò (Installation Media)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/media" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<note>
<title>Ôñüðïé ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò ìÝóù FTP</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>network</secondary>
<tertiary>FTP</tertiary>
</indexterm>
<para>ÕðÜñ÷ïõí ôñåéò ìÝèïäïé åãêáôÜóôáóçò ìÝóù FTP ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå:
åíåñãü (Active) FTP, ðáèçôéêü (Passive) FTP, Þ ìÝóù äéáêïìéóôÞ
ìåóïëÜâçóçò (proxy) HTTP.</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>Åíåñãü FTP: <guimenuitem>Install from an FTP
server</guimenuitem></term>
<listitem>
<para>Ìå ôçí åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ ïé ìåôáöïñÝò ãßíïíôáé ìÝóù
<quote>Åíåñãïý (Active)</quote> FTP. Ç åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ äåí èá
ëåéôïõñãÞóåé ìÝóù firewalls áëëÜ óõ÷íÜ ëåéôïõñãåß ìå ðáëéüôåñïõò
äéáêïìéóôÝò FTP ðïõ äåí õðïóôçñßæïõí ðáèçôéêÞ ìåôáöïñÜ. Áí ç
óýíäåóç óáò êïëëÞóåé ìå ðáèçôéêü FTP (ôï ïðïßï åßíáé ç
ðñïåðéëïãÞ), äïêéìÜóôå ôï åíåñãü!</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Ðáèçôéêü FTP: <guimenuitem>Install from an FTP server
through a firewall</guimenuitem></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm>
<primary>FTP</primary>
<secondary>passive mode</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>H åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ ïäçãåß ôï
<application>sysinstall</application> íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé
<quote>ÐáèçôéêÞ (Passive)</quote> ìåôáöïñÜ ãéá üëåò ôéò FTP
ëåéôïõñãßåò. Áõôü åðéôñÝðåé óôï ÷ñÞóôç íá ðåñíÜåé ìÝóù
firewalls ôá ïðïßá äåí åðéôñÝðïõí åéóåñ÷üìåíåò óõíäÝóåéò óå
ôõ÷áßåò TCP ðüñôåò.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>FTP ìÝóù HTTP ìåóïëÜâçóçò:
<guimenuitem>Install from an FTP server
through a http proxy</guimenuitem></term>
<listitem>
<indexterm>
<primary>FTP</primary>
<secondary>via a HTTP proxy</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Ç åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ ïäçãåß ôï
<application>sysinstall</application> óôç ÷ñÞóç HTTP
ðñùôïêüëëïõ (üðùò ïé öõëëïìåôñçôÝò) ãéá íá óõíäåèåß ìå Ýíá
äéáêïìéóôÞ ìåóïëÜâçóçò ãéá üëåò ôéò ëåéôïõñãßåò ôïõ FTP. Ï
äéáêïìéóôÞò ìåóïëÜâçóçò áíáëáìâÜíåé íá ìåôáöñÜóåé üëåò ôéò
åíôïëÝò êáé íá ôéò óôåßëåé óôïí äéáêïìéóôÞ FTP. Áõôü åðéôñÝðåé
óôï ÷ñÞóôç íá ðåñÜóåé ìÝóù firewalls ðïõ äåí åðéôñÝðïõí
êáèüëïõ FTP, áëëÜ ðñïóöÝñïõí ëåéôïõñãßá äéáìåóïëÜâçóçò ìÝóù
HTTP. Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç áõôÞ ðñÝðåé íá ïñßóåôå åêôüò áðü ôïí
äéáêïìéóôÞ FTP, êáé ôï äéáêïìéóôÞ ìåóïëÜâçóçò.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>Ãéá äéáêïìéóôÞ ìåóïëÜâçóçò FTP server, ðñÝðåé óõíÞèùò íá äþóåôå
ôï üíïìá ôïõ äéáêïìéóôÞ ìå ôïí ïðïßï èÝëåôå óôçí ðñáãìáôéêüôçôá íá
óõíäåèåßôå, ùò ìÝñïò ôïõ username, ìåôÜ áðü ôï óýìâïëï
<quote>@</quote>. Ï äéáêïìéóôÞò ìåóïëÜâçóçò <quote>ìéìåßôáé</quote>
ôüôå ôïí ðñáãìáôéêü äéáêïìéóôÞ. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, õðïèÝóôå üôé èÝëåôå
íá êÜíåôå åãêáôÜóôáóç áðü ôï
<hostid role="fqdn">ftp.FreeBSD.org</hostid>, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò FTP
ìåóïëáâçôÞ ôïí <hostid role="fqdn">foo.example.com</hostid>, ï ïðïßïò
÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôçí ðüñôá 1234.</para>
<para>Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç áõôÞ, ðçãáßíåôå óôï ìåíïý åðéëïãþí (options),
èÝôåôå ùò FTP username ôï <literal>ftp@ftp.FreeBSD.org</literal>,
êáé ùò êùäéêü (password) ôçí äéåýèõíóç email óáò. Óáí ìÝóï
åãêáôÜóôáóçò (installation media) ïñßæåôå FTP (Þ ðáèçôéêü FTP áí ôï
õðïóôçñßæåé ï ìåóïëáâçôÞò) êáé ôï URL
<literal>ftp://foo.example.com:1234/pub/FreeBSD</literal>.</para>
<para>Êáèþò ôï <filename>/pub/FreeBSD</filename> áðü
<hostid role="fqdn">ftp.FreeBSD.org</hostid> ãßíåôáé ïñáôü ìÝóù ôïõ
<hostid role="fqdn">foo.example.com</hostid>, ìðïñåßôå íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå áðü <emphasis>åêåßíï</emphasis> ôï ìç÷Üíçìá (ôï ïðïßï èá
öÝñåé ôá áñ÷åßá áðü ôï <hostid role="fqdn">ftp.FreeBSD.org</hostid>
üðùò áðáéôïýíôáé áðü ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç óáò.</para>
</note>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-final-warning">
<title>Åðéâåâáßùóç ôçò ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò</title>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ìðïñåß ôþñá íá ðñï÷ùñÞóåé, åöüóïí ôï åðéèõìåßôå. ÁõôÞ
åßíáé åðßóçò ç ôåëåõôáßá óáò åõêáéñßá íá ôçí áêõñþóåôå åìðïäßæïíôáò
Ýôóé êáé ôéò áëëáãÝò ðïõ ðñüêåéôáé íá ãßíïõí óôï óêëçñü óáò
äßóêï.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Last Chance! Are you SURE you want to continue the installation?
If you're running this on a disk with data you wish to save then WE
STRONGLY ENCOURAGE YOU TO MAKE PROPER BACKUPS before proceeding!
We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents!
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá
ðñï÷ùñÞóåôå.</para>
<para>Ï ÷ñüíïò åãêáôÜóôáóçò äéáöÝñåé áíÜëïãá ìå ôï distribution set
ðïõ Ý÷åôå åðéëÝîåé, ôï ìÝóï åãêáôÜóôáóçò, êáé ôçí ôá÷ýôçôá ôïõ
õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò. Èá äåßôå ìéá óåéñÜ áðü ìçíýìáôá ôá ïðïßá äåß÷íïõí ôçí
êáôÜóôáóç ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç èá Ý÷åé ïëïêëçñùèåß üôáí äåßôå ôï áêüëïõèï
ìÞíõìá:</para>
<screen> Message
Congratulations! You now have FreeBSD installed on your system.
We will now move on to the final configuration questions.
For any option you do not wish to configure, simply select No.
If you wish to re-enter this utility after the system is up, you may
do so by typing: /usr/sbin/sysinstall.
[ OK ]
[ Press enter or space ]</screen>
<para>ÐéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá ðñï÷ùñÞóåôå ìå ôéò ñõèìßóåéò
ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå &gui.no; êáé ðéÝóåôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> èá
áêõñþóåôå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç êáé äåí èá ãßíåé êáìéÜ áëëáãÞ óôï óýóôçìá
óáò. Èá åìöáíéóôåß ôï áêüëïõèï ìÞíõìá:</para>
<screen> Message
Installation complete with some errors. You may wish to scroll
through the debugging messages on VTY1 with the scroll-lock feature.
You can also choose "No" at the next prompt and go back into the
installation menus to retry whichever operations have failed.
[ OK ]</screen>
<para>Ôï ìÞíõìá áõôü åìöáíßæåôáé åðåéäÞ äåí Ýãéíå êáìéÜ åãêáôÜóôáóç.
ÐéÝæïíôáò <keycap>Enter</keycap> èá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï Êõñßùò Ìåíïý
ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò (Main Installation Menu) ãéá íá âãåßôå áðü ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-post">
<title>ÌåôÜ ôçí ÅãêáôÜóôáóç</title>
<para>ÌåôÜ áðü ìéá åðéôõ÷çìÝíç åãêáôÜóôáóç, áêïëïõèåß ç ñýèìéóç äéÜöïñùí
ðñïáéñåôéêþí åðéëïãþí. Ïé ñõèìßóåéò ìðïñïýí íá ãßíïõí áí åéóÝëèåôå
îáíÜ óôï áíôßóôïé÷ï ìåíïý (configuration options) ðñéí åðáíåêêéíÞóåôå
ôï íÝï &os; óýóôçìá óáò Þ ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï
<command>sysinstall</command> êáé åðéëÝãïíôáò
<guimenuitem>Configure</guimenuitem>.</para>
<sect2 id="inst-network-dev">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Óõóêåõþí Äéêôýïõ</title>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé ðñïçãïõìÝíùò ôï PPP ãéá íá êÜíåôå åãêáôÜóôáóç
ìÝóù FTP, ç ïèüíç áõôÞ äåí èá åìöáíéóôåß, áëëÜ ìðïñåßôå íá ôçí
ñõèìßóåôå áñãüôåñá ìå ôïí ôñüðï ðïõ ðåñéãñÜøáìå ðáñáðÜíù.</para>
<para>Ãéá ëåðôïìåñåßò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ÔïðéêÜ Äßêôõá (LAN) êáé
ãéá ñýèìéóç ôïõ &os; ùò ðýëç / äñïìïëïãçôÞ (gateway/router), áíáôñÝîôå
óôï êåöÜëáéï
<link linkend="advanced-networking">Advanced Networking</link>.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to configure any Ethernet or PPP network devices?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>Ãéá íá ñõèìßóåôå ìéá óõóêåõÞ äéêôýïõ, åðéëÝîôå
&gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
ÄéáöïñåôéêÜ, åðéëÝîôå &gui.no; ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå.</para>
<figure id="ed-config1">
<title>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ìéá ÓõóêåõÞ Ethernet</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/ed0-conf" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå ôï interface ðïõ èá ñõèìßóåôå ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Do you want to try IPv6 configuration of the interface?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>Óôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï éäéùôéêü ôïðéêü äßêôõï, ôï ôñÝ÷ïí Internet
ðñùôüêïëëï (<acronym>IPv4</acronym>) Þôáí áñêåôü. ÅðéëÝîáìå ôï
&gui.no; ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóáìå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<para>Áí åßóôå óõíäåìÝíïé óå Ýíá õðÜñ÷ïí <acronym>IPv6</acronym> äßêôõï
ìå Ýíá äéáêïìéóôÞ <acronym>RA</acronym>, åðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. Èá ÷ñåéáóôïýí áñêåôÜ äåõôåñüëåðôá ãéá ôçí
áíß÷íåõóç äéáêïìéóôþí RA.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Do you want to try DHCP configuration of the interface?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>Áí äåí ÷ñåéÜæåóôå DHCP (Ðñùôüêïëëï ÄõíáìéêÞò Áðüäïóçò Ñõèìßóåùí,
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) åðéëÝîôå &gui.no; ìå ôá âåëÜêéá
êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå &gui.yes; èá åêôåëåóôåß ç åöáñìïãÞ
<application>dhclient</application>, êáé áí åßíáé åðéôõ÷Þò, èá ãßíåé
áõôüìáôç ñýèìéóç ôùí ðáñáìÝôñùí ôïõ äéêôýïõ. ÁíáôñÝîôå óôï
<xref linkend="network-dhcp"/> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò.</para>
<para>Ç áêüëïõèç ïèüíç Ñõèìßóåùí Äéêôýïõ äåß÷íåé ôç ñýèìéóç ìéáò
óõóêåõÞò Ethernet ãéá Ýíá óýóôçìá ôï ïðïßï èá ëåéôïõñãåß ùò ðýëç ãéá
Ýíá Ôïðéêü Äßêôõï (LAN).</para>
<figure id="ed-config2">
<title>Ñýèìéóç ÐáñáìÝôñùí ÓõóêåõÞò <replaceable>ed0</replaceable></title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/ed0-conf2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï <keycap>Tab</keycap> ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå áíÜìåóá
óôá äéÜöïñá ðåäßá êáé íá óõìðëçñþóåôå ôéò êáôÜëëçëåò
ðëçñïöïñßåò.</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>Host (¼íïìá ìç÷áíÞìáôïò)</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï ðëÞñåò üíïìá ôïõ ìç÷áíÞìáôïò, ð.÷.
<hostid role="fqdn">k6-2.example.com</hostid> óå áõôÞ ôçí
ðåñßðôùóç.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Domain (ÔïìÝáò)</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï üíïìá ôïõ ôïìÝá óôïí ïðïßï âñßóêåôáé ôï ìç÷Üíçìá, üðùò
<hostid role="domainname">example.com</hostid> óå áõôÞ ôçí
ðåñßðôùóç.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>IPv4 Gateway (Ðýëç)</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ôçí äéåýèõíóç IP óôçí ïðïßá ðñïùèïýíôáé ôá
ðáêÝôá ôá ïðïßá äåí ðñïïñßæïíôáé ãéá ôïðéêïýò ðñïïñéóìïýò. Èá
ðñÝðåé íá óõìðëçñþóåôå ôï ðåäßï áõôü áí ï õðïëïãéóôÞò åßíáé
êüìâïò óôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï äßêôõï.
<emphasis>ÁöÞóôå áõôü ôï ðåäßï êåíü</emphasis> áí ï õðïëïãéóôÞò
åßíáé ç ðýëç ãéá ôï Internet óôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï äßêôõï. Ç ðýëç
IPv4 åßíáé åðßóçò ãíùóôÞ ùò ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ðýëç Þ ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç
äéáäñïìÞ (default gateway / default route).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Name server (ÄéáêïìéóôÞò ÏíïìÜôùí)</term>
<listitem>
<para>Åßíáé ç IP äéåýèõíóç ôïõ ôïðéêïý óáò äéáêïìéóôÞ DNS. Óôï
óõãêåêñéìÝíï éäéùôéêü ôïðéêü äßêôõï, äåí õðÜñ÷åé äéáêïìéóôÞò DNS
êáé Ýôóé ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞèçêå ç IP äéåýèõíóç ôïõ äéáêïìéóôÞ DNS ðïõ
äßíåé ï ðáñï÷Ýáò Internet
(<hostid role="ipaddr">208.163.10.2</hostid>).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>IPv4 address (Äéåýèõíóç)</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ç IP äéåýèõíóç ðïõ èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß óå áõôü ôï
interface åßíáé
<hostid role="ipaddr">192.168.0.1</hostid></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Netmask (ÌÜóêá Õðïäéêôýïõ)</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï ìðëïê äéåõèýíóåùí ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé óå áõôü ôï äßêôõï
åßíáé
<hostid role="ipaddr">192.168.0.0</hostid> -
<hostid role="ipaddr">192.168.0.255</hostid>
ìå ìÜóêá õðïäéêôýïõ (netmask)
<hostid role="netmask">255.255.255.0</hostid>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Extra options to ifconfig
(ÅðéðëÝïí åðéëïãÝò ãéá ôçí ifconfig)</term>
<listitem>
<para>ÐñïóèÝóôå åäþ åðéðëÝïí åðéëïãÝò ãéá ôçí
<command>ifconfig</command> êáé ôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï interface. Óôçí
óõãêåêñéìÝíç ðåñßðôùóç äåí õðÜñ÷åé êáìßá.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï <keycap>Tab</keycap> ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå &gui.ok;
üôáí ôåëåéþóåôå, êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to bring the ed0 interface up right now?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝæïíôáò
<keycap>Enter</keycap> èá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôï äßêôõï, Ýôïéìï ðñïò ÷ñÞóç
óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò. Ùóôüóï áõôü äåí åðéôõã÷Üíåé êáé ðïëëÜ êáôÜ ôç
äéÜñêåéá ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò, ïýôùò Þ Üëëùò èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá êÜíåôå
åðáíåêêßíçóç.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="gateway">
<title>Ñýèìéóçò Ðýëçò (Gateway)</title>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Do you want this machine to function as a network gateway?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>Áí ôï ìç÷Üíçìá ðñüêåéôáé íá ëåéôïõñãåß ùò ðýëç ãéá Ýíá ôüðéêï
äßêôõï êáé íá ðñïùèåß ðáêÝôá ìåôáîý Üëëùí ìç÷áíçìÜôùí, åðéëÝîôå
&gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
Áí ôï ìç÷Üíçìá åßíáé Ýíáò êüìâïò ôïõ äéêôýïõ, åðéëÝîôå &gui.no; êáé
ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="inetd-services">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Õðçñåóéþí Internet (Internet Services)</title>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Do you want to configure inetd and the network services that it provides?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå &gui.no;, êÜðïéåò õðçñåóßåò üðùò ôï
<application>telnetd</application> äåí èá åíåñãïðïéçèïýí.
Áõôü óçìáßíåé üôé áðïìáêñõóìÝíïé ÷ñÞóôåò äåí èá ìðïñïýí íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóïõí ôï <application>telnet</application> ãéá íá åéóÝëèïõí
óôï ìç÷Üíçìá. Ïé ôïðéêïß ÷ñÞóôåò èá ìðïñïýí ùóôüóï íá Ý÷ïõí ðñüóâáóç
óå áðïìáêñõóìÝíá ìç÷áíÞìáôá ìÝóù ôïõ
<application>telnet</application>.</para>
<para>Ïé õðçñåóßåò áõôÝò ìðïñïýí íá åíåñãïðïéçèïýí ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç
ìå ôçí åðåîåñãáóßá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>
ìå ôïí ðñïôéìþìåíï óáò åðåîåñãáóôÞ êåéìÝíïõ.
Äåßôå ôï <xref linkend="network-inetd-overview"/> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò
ðëçñïöïñßåò.</para>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; áí èÝëåôå íá ñõèìßóåôå ôéò õðçñåóßåò áõôÝò
êáôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç. Èá åñùôçèåßôå ãéá ìéá áêüìá åðéâåâáßùóç:</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
The Internet Super Server (inetd) allows a number of simple Internet
services to be enabled, including finger, ftp and telnetd. Enabling
these services may increase risk of security problems by increasing
the exposure of your system.
With this in mind, do you wish to enable inetd?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
inetd(8) relies on its configuration file, /etc/inetd.conf, to determine
which of its Internet services will be available. The default FreeBSD
inetd.conf(5) leaves all services disabled by default, so they must be
specifically enabled in the configuration file before they will
function, even once inetd(8) is enabled. Note that services for
IPv6 must be separately enabled from IPv4 services.
Select [Yes] now to invoke an editor on /etc/inetd.conf, or [No] to
use the current settings.
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò &gui.yes; èá ìðïñÝóåôå íá ðñïóèÝóåôå õðçñåóßåò
óâÞíïíôáò ôï <literal>#</literal> áðü ôçí áñ÷Þ ìéáò ãñáììÞò.</para>
<figure id="inetd-edit">
<title>Åðåîåñãáóßá ôïõ <filename>inetd.conf</filename></title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/edit-inetd-conf" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÌåôÜ ôçí ðñïóèÞêç ôùí åðéèõìçôþí õðçñåóéþí, êáé ìå ôçí ðßåóç ôïõ
<keycap>Esc</keycap> èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá ìåíïý ôï ïðïßï óáò åðéôñÝðåé íá
âãåßôå áðü ôï ðñüãñáììá, áðïèçêåýïíôáò êáé ôéò áëëáãÝò óáò.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="ssh-login">
<title>Åíåñãïðïßçóç Åéóüäïõ ìÝóù SSH</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>SSH</primary>
<secondary>sshd</secondary>
</indexterm>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to enable SSH login?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå &gui.yes; èá åíåñãïðïéçèåß ï &man.sshd.8;,
ï äáßìïíáò ôïõ <application>OpenSSH</application>. Ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü
èá åðéôñÝøåôå áóöáëÞ áðïìáêñõóìÝíç ðñüóâáóç óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò. Ãéá
ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôï
<application>OpenSSH</application> äåßôå ôï
<xref linkend="openssh"/>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="ftpanon">
<title>Áíþíõìï FTP</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>FTP</primary>
<secondary>anonymous</secondary>
</indexterm>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Do you want to have anonymous FTP access to this machine?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<sect3 id="deny-anon">
<title>¶ñíçóç Áíþíõìïõ FTP</title>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï &gui.no; êáé ðéÝæïíôáò
<keycap>Enter</keycap> èá åðéôñÝðåôáé ìüíïò óôïõò ÷ñÞóôåò ðïõ Ý÷ïõí
ëïãáñéáóìïýò ìå êùäéêïýò íá Ý÷ïõí FTP ðñüóâáóç óôï ìç÷Üíçìá.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="ftpallow">
<title>ÅðéôñÝðïíôáò ôï Áíþíõìï FTP</title>
<para>ÏðïéïóäÞðïôå ìðïñåß íá Ý÷åé ðñüóâáóç óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò, áí
åðéëÝîåôå íá åðéôñÝøåôå ôéò áíþíõìåò óõíäÝóåéò FTP. Èá ðñÝðåé íá
ëÜâåôå õðüøéí óáò ôéò åðéðëïêÝò áóöáëåßáò ðïõ èá åðéöÝñåé ìéá ôÝôïéá
ñýèìéóç. Ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôçí áóöÜëåéá,
äåßôå ôï <xref linkend="security"/>.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá åðéôñÝøåôå ôï áíþíõìï FTP, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá
íá åðéëÝîåôå &gui.yes; êáé íá ðéÝóåôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá åðéâåâáéþóåôå îáíÜ ôçí åðéëïãÞ óáò:</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Anonymous FTP permits un-authenticated users to connect to the system
FTP server, if FTP service is enabled. Anonymous users are
restricted to a specific subset of the file system, and the default
configuration provides a drop-box incoming directory to which uploads
are permitted. You must separately enable both inetd(8), and enable
ftpd(8) in inetd.conf(5) for FTP services to be available. If you
did not do so earlier, you will have the opportunity to enable inetd(8)
again later.
If you want the server to be read-only you should leave the upload
directory option empty and add the -r command-line option to ftpd(8)
in inetd.conf(5)
Do you wish to continue configuring anonymous FTP?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>Ôï ìÞíõìá áõôü óáò åéäïðïéåß åðßóçò üôé ç õðçñåóßá FTP èá
ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá åíåñãïðïéçèåß óôï
<filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename> óå ðåñßðôùóç ðïõ èÝëåôå íá
åíåñãïðïéçèïýí ïé áíþíõìåò óõíäÝóåéò FTP (äåßôå ôï
<xref linkend="inetd-services"/>). ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå. Èá äåßôå ôçí áêüëïõèç
ïèüíç:</para>
<figure id="anon-ftp2">
<title>ÐñïåðéëåãìÝíåò Ñõèìßóåéò Áíþíõìïõ FTP</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/ftp-anon1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï <keycap>Tab</keycap> ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå êáé íá
óõìðëçñþóåôå ôá áðáñáßôçôá ðåäßá ðëçñïöïñéþí:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>UID</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ï áíáãíùñéóôéêüò áñéèìüò (user ID) ðïõ èÝëåôå íá
áðïäþóåôå óôïí áíþíõìï FTP ÷ñÞóôç. ¼ëá ôá áñ÷åßá ðïõ èá
áíåâáßíïõí óôïí äéáêïìéóôÞ FTP èá áíÞêïõí óå áõôü
ôï ID.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Group</term>
<listitem>
<para>Óå ðïéá ïìÜäá ÷ñçóôþí (group) èÝëåôå íá áíÞêåé ï áíþíõìïò
FTP ÷ñÞóôçò.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Comment</term>
<listitem>
<para>Êåßìåíï ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé ðåñéãñáöÞ ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç óôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>FTP Root Directory</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ç ôïðïèåóßá ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá áñ÷åßá ðïõ åßíáé äéáèÝóéìá
óôï áíþíõìï FTP.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Upload Subdirectory</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ç ôïðïèåóßá ðïõ èá áíåâáßíïõí ôá áñ÷åßá áðü áíþíõìïõò FTP
÷ñÞóôåò.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>Ï ñéæéêüò (root) êáôÜëïãïò ôïõ FTP, áðü ðñïåðéëïãÞ,
äçìéïõñãåßôáé óôï <filename>/var</filename>. Áí äåí õðÜñ÷åé åêåß
áñêåôüò ÷þñïò ãéá ôçí áíáìåíüìåíç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ FTP, ìðïñåßôå íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>/usr</filename> áëëÜæïíôáò
ôïí ñéæéêü êáôÜëïãï (FTP Root Directory) óå
<filename>/usr/ftp</filename>.</para>
<para>¼ôáí åßóôå éêáíïðïéçìÝíïò ìå ôéò ôéìÝò, ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Create a welcome message file for anonymous FTP users?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóåôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>, èá îåêéíÞóåé áõôüìáôá Ýíáò åðåîåñãáóôÞò
êåéìÝíïõ þóôå íá ìðïñÝóåôå íá åðåîåñãáóôåßôå ôï ìÞíõìá.</para>
<figure id="anon-ftp4">
<title>Åðåîåñãáóßá ôïõ Ìçíýìáôïò Êáëïóùñßóìáôïò (Welcome Message)
ôïõ FTP</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/ftp-anon2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ôïí åðåîåñãáóôÞ êåéìÝíïõ <command>ee</command>.
×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôéò ïäçãßåò ãéá íá áëëÜîåôå ôï ìÞíõìá Þ áí èÝëåôå
áëëÜîôå ôï ìÞíõìá áñãüôåñá, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò Ýíá åðåîåñãáóôÞ êåéìÝíïõ
ôçò åðéëïãÞò óáò. Äåßôå ôï üíïìá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ êáé ôç èÝóç ôïõ óôçí
ôåëåõôáßá ãñáììÞ ôçò ïèüíçò ôïõ åðåîåñãáóôÞ êåéìÝíïõ.</para>
<para>ÐéÝæïíôáò <keycap>Esc</keycap> èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá áíáäõüìåíï
ìåíïý ìå ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ôçí åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>a) leave editor</guimenuitem>. ÐéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá Ýîïäï êáé óõíÝ÷åéá. ÐéÝóôå îáíÜ
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá áðïèçêåýóåôå ôõ÷üí áëëáãÝò ðïõ Ý÷åôå
êÜíåé.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="nfsconf">
<title>Ñýèìéóç ÓõóôÞìáôïò Áñ÷åßùí Äéêôýïõ (Network File System)</title>
<para>Ôï Óýóôçìá Áñ÷åßùí Äéêôýïõ (NFS) åðéôñÝðåé ôï äéáìïéñáóìü áñ÷åßùí
óå Ýíá äßêôõï. ¸íá ìç÷Üíçìá ìðïñåß íá ñõèìéóôåß ùò åîõðçñåôçôÞò,
ðåëÜôçò Þ êáé ôá äýï. ÁíáôñÝîôå óôï
<xref linkend="network-nfs"/> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò.</para>
<sect3 id="nsf-server-options">
<title>ÄéáêïìéóôÞò NFS</title>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Do you want to configure this machine as an NFS server?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>Áí äåí õðÜñ÷åé áíÜãêç ãéá åîõðçñåôçôÞ ÓõóôÞìáôïò Áñ÷åßùí
Äéêôýïõ, åðéëÝîôå &gui.no; êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå &gui.yes; èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá áíáäõüìåíï ìÞíõìá
ðïõ óáò ðëçñïöïñåß üôé ðñÝðåé íá äçìéïõñãçèåß ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>exports</filename>.</para>
<screen> Message
Operating as an NFS server means that you must first configure an
/etc/exports file to indicate which hosts are allowed certain kinds of
access to your local filesystems.
Press [Enter] now to invoke an editor on /etc/exports
[ OK ]</screen>
<para>ÐéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå. Èá áíïßîåé
Ýíáò åðåîåñãáóôÞò êåéìÝíïõ ãéá íá ìðïñÝóåôå íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå êáé íá
åðåîåñãáóôåßôå ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>exports</filename>.</para>
<figure id="nfs-server-edit">
<title>Åðåîåñãáóßá Áñ÷åßïõ <filename>exports</filename></title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/nfs-server-edit" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôéò ïäçãßåò ãéá íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ôá óõóôÞìáôá
áñ÷åßùí ðïõ èÝëåôå íá äéáìïéñÜóåôå, ôþñá Þ áñãüôåñá ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò
Ýíá åðåîåñãáóôÞ êåéìÝíïõ ôçò åðéëïãÞò óáò. Óçìåéþóôå ôï üíïìá êáé
ôçí ôïðïèåóßá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ üðùò öáßíïíôáé óôï êÜôù ìÝñïò
ôçò ïèüíçò.</para>
<para>ÐéÝæïíôáò <keycap>Esc</keycap> èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá áíáäõüìåíï
ìåíïý ìå ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ôçí åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>a) leave editor</guimenuitem>. ÐéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá Ýîïäï êáé óõíÝ÷åéá.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="nfs-client-options">
<title>ÐåëÜôçò NFS</title>
<para>Ï ðåëÜôçò NFS åðéôñÝðåé óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò íá Ý÷åé ðñüóâáóç óå
åîõðçñåôçôÝò NFS.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Do you want to configure this machine as an NFS client?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>Ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, åðéëÝîôå êáôÜ âïýëçóç &gui.yes; Þ &gui.no; êáé
ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="console">
<title>Ñõèìßóåéò Êïíóüëáò (System Console Settings)</title>
<para>ÕðÜñ÷ïõí äéÜöïñåò äéáèÝóéìåò åðéëïãÝò ãéá ôç ñýèìéóç ôçò êïíóüëáò
ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to customize your system console settings?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>Ãéá íá äåßôå êáé íá ñõèìßóåôå ôéò åðéëïãÝò, åðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; êáé
ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="saver-options">
<title>ÅðéëïãÝò Ñýèìéóçò Êïíóüëáò ÓõóôÞìáôïò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/console-saver1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ìéá óõíçèéóìÝíç åðéëïãÞ åßíáé ç ðñïóôáóßá ïèüíçò (screen saver).
×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå
<guimenuitem>Saver</guimenuitem> êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="saver-select">
<title>ÅðéëïãÝò Ðñïóôáóßáò Ïèüíçò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/console-saver2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå ôçí åðéèõìçôÞ ðñïóôáóßá ïèüíçò ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. Èá îáíáäåßôå ôï ìåíïý Ñýèìéóçò Êïíóüëáò
ÓõóôÞìáôïò.</para>
<para>Ôï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï ÷ñïíéêü äéÜóôçìá åßíáé 300 äåõôåñüëåðôá. Ãéá íá
áëëÜîåôå ôï äéÜóôçìá, åðéëÝîôå îáíÜ <guimenuitem>Saver</guimenuitem>
êáé áðü ôï ìåíïý Screen Saver Options åðéëÝîôå
<guimenuitem>Timeout</guimenuitem> ìå ôá âåëÜêéá, êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. Èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá áíáäõüìåíï ìåíïý:</para>
<figure id="saver-timeout">
<title>×ñïíéêü ÄéÜóôçìá Ðñïóôáóßáò Ïèüíçò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/console-saver3" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÁëëÜîôå ôçí ôéìÞ, åðéëÝîôå &gui.ok;
êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï ìåíïý
Ñýèìéóçò Êïíóüëáò ÓõóôÞìáôïò.</para>
<figure id="saver-exit">
<title>¸îïäïò áðü ôéò Ñõèìßóåéò Êïíóüëáò ÓõóôÞìáôïò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/console-saver4" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò <guimenuitem>Exit</guimenuitem> êáé ðéÝæïíôáò
<keycap>Enter</keycap> èá óõíå÷ßóåôå ìå ôéò õðüëïéðåò ñõèìßóåéò ðïõ
ðñÝðåé íá ãßíïõí ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="timezone">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Æþíçò ¿ñáò (Time Zone)</title>
<para>Ç óùóôÞ ñýèìéóç ôçò æþíçò þñáò, èá åðéôñÝøåé óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò íá
äéïñèþíåé áõôüìáôá ôçí þñá óýìöùíá ìå ôéò ôïðéêÝò ñõèìßóåéò, êáèþò êáé
íá åêôåëåß Üëëåò ëåéôïõñãßåò ðïõ ó÷åôßæïíôáé ìå ôéò æþíåò þñáò.</para>
<para>Ôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ðïõ öáßíåôáé åßíáé ãéá Ýíá ìç÷Üíçìá ðïõ âñßóêåôáé
óôéò ÁíáôïëéêÝò ÇíùìÝíåò Ðïëéôåßåò. Ïé åðéëïãÝò óáò èá äéáöÝñïõí
áíÜëïãá ìå ôç ãåùãñáöéêÞ óáò èÝóç.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to set this machine's time zone now?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá ñõèìßóåôå ôç æþíç þñáò.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Is this machine's CMOS clock set to UTC? If it is set to local time
or you don't know, please choose NO here!
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; Þ &gui.no; áíÜëïãá ìå ôï ðùò åßíáé ñõèìéóìÝíï
ôï ñïëüé óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="set-timezone-region">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ ôçò Ðåñéï÷Þò óáò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/timezone1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå ôçí êáôÜëëçëç ðåñéï÷Þ (region) ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="set-timezone-country">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ ôçò ×þñáò óáò</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/timezone2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå ôçí êáôÜëëçëç ÷þñá ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="set-timezone-locality">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ Æþíçò ¿ñáò (Time Zone)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/timezone3" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå ôçí êáôÜëëçëç æþíç þñáò ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<screen> Confirmation
Does the abbreviation 'EDT' look reasonable?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>Åðéâåâáéþóôå üôé åßíáé óùóôÞ ç óõíôïìïãñáößá ãéá ôç æþíç þñáò ðïõ
Ý÷åôå åðéëÝîåé. Áí öáßíåôáé åíôÜîåé, ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>
ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå ìå ôéò õðüëïéðåò ñõèìßóåéò ìåôÜ ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="linuxcomp">
<title>Óõìâáôüôçôá ìå ôï Linux (Linux Compatibility)</title>
<note>
<para>Ç åíüôçôá áõôÞ éó÷ýåé ìüíï ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç &os; ôçò óåéñÜò
7.<replaceable>X</replaceable>. Áí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå
&os; 8.<replaceable>X</replaceable> ç ïèüíç áõôÞ äåí èá
åìöáíéóôåß.</para>
</note>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to enable Linux binary compatibility?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝæïíôáò
<keycap>Enter</keycap> èá åðéôñÝøåôå ôçí åêôÝëåóç ðñïãñáììÜôùí Linux
óôï &os;. Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç èá ðñïóèÝóåé üëá ôá áðáñáßôçôá ðáêÝôá
ãéá ôç óõìâáôüôçôá ìå åêôåëÝóéìá ðñïãñÜììáôá ãéá Linux.</para>
<para>Áí êÜíåôå åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù FTP, ôï ìç÷Üíçìá èá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé
óõíäåìÝíï óôï Internet. ÌåñéêÝò öïñÝò, ìéá ôïðïèåóßá FTP äåí Ý÷åé
üëåò ôéò áðáéôïýìåíåò äéáíïìÝò, üðùò ôç óõìâáôüôçôá ìå ôï Linux.
Ìðïñåßôå ùóôüóï íá ôçí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå áñãüôåñá, áí ÷ñåéÜæåôáé.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="mouse">
<title>Ñõèìßóåéò Ðïíôéêéïý (Mouse Settings)</title>
<para>Ç åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ èá óáò åðéôñÝøåé íá êÜíåôå áðïêïðÞ êáé åðéêüëëçóç
êåéìÝíïõ óôçí êïíóüëá êáé óå ðñïãñÜììáôá ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò Ýíá ðïíôßêé
ôñéþí ðëÞêôñùí. Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ðïíôßêé äýï ðëÞêôñùí, áíáôñÝîôå óôç
óåëßäá âïÞèåéáò, &man.moused.8;, ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ãéá íá äåßôå ðùò
ìðïñåßôå íá åîïìïéþóåôå ðïíôßêé ôñéþí ðëÞêôñùí. Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá áõôü
öáßíåôáé ç ñýèìéóç åíüò ìç-USB ðïíôéêéïý (ð.÷. PS/2 ç óåéñéáêïý - COM
- ðïíôéêéïý):</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Does this system have a non-USB mouse attached to it?
[ Yes ] No </screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; ãéá ìç-USB ðïíôßêé, Þ
&gui.no; ãéá USB ðïíôßêé êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="mouse-protocol">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ Ðñùôïêüëëïõ Ðïíôéêéïý (Mouse Protocol Type)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mouse1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå
<guimenuitem>Type</guimenuitem> êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="set-mouse-protocol">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ Ðñùôïêüëëïõ Ðïíôéêéïý (Mouse Protocol)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mouse2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôï ðïíôßêé ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé óå áõôü ôï ðáñÜäåéãìá, åßíáé ôýðïõ
PS/2, êáé Ýôóé åßíáé óùóôÞ ç ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ñýèìéóç
<guimenuitem>Auto</guimenuitem>. Ãéá íá áëëÜîåôå ðñùôüêïëëï,
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá êÜíåôå êÜðïéá Üëëç åðéëïãÞ.
Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé åßíáé öùôéóìÝíç ç åðéëïãÞ &gui.ok; êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá Ýîïäï áðü áõôü ôï ìåíïý.</para>
<figure id="config-mouse-port">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Ðüñôáò Ðïíôéêéïý (Mouse Port)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mouse3" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå
<guimenuitem>Port</guimenuitem> êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="set-mouse-port">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Ðüñôáò Ðïíôéêéïý (Mouse Port)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mouse4" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôï óýóôçìá áõôü åß÷å ðïíôßêé PS/2 êáé Ýôóé Þôáí êáôÜëëçëç ç
ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ñýèìéóç <guimenuitem>PS/2</guimenuitem>. Ãéá íá
áëëÜîåôå ôçí ðüñôá, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="test-daemon">
<title>Åíåñãïðïßçóç ôïõ Äáßìïíá Ðïíôéêéïý (Mouse Daemon)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mouse5" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÔÝëïò, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá åðéëÝîåôå
<guimenuitem>Enable</guimenuitem>, êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå êáé íá äïêéìÜóåôå ôïí
äáßìïíá ôïõ ðïíôéêéïý (mouse daemon).</para>
<figure id="test-mouse-daemon">
<title>¸ëåã÷ïò ôïõ Äáßìïíá Ðïíôéêéïý</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mouse6" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÌåôáêéíÞóôå ôï ðïíôßêé óôçí ïèüíç êáé âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ï äñïìÝáò
áíôéäñÜ óùóôÜ. Áí åßíáé åíôÜîåé, åðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. Áí ü÷é, ôï ðïíôßêé äåí Ý÷åé ñõèìéóôåß óùóôÜ
— åðéëÝîôå &gui.no; êáé îáíáäïêéìÜóôå ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò
äéáöïñåôéêÝò ñõèìßóåéò.</para>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå <guimenuitem>Exit</guimenuitem> ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá åðéóôñÝøåôå, þóôå íá óõíå÷ßóåôå ìå ôéò
õðüëïéðåò ñõèìßóåéò ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="packages">
<title>ÅãêáôÜóôáóç ÐáêÝôùí</title>
<para>Ôá ðáêÝôá åßíáé ðñïìåôáãëùôôéóìÝíá åêôåëÝóéìá, êáé áðïôåëïýí Ýíá
âïëéêü ôñüðï ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ëïãéóìéêü.</para>
<para>Èá óáò äåßîïõìå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç åíüò ðáêÝôïõ ùò ðáñÜäåéãìá.
Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôþñá êáé üðïéá Üëëá ðñüóèåôá ðáêÝôá
åðéèõìåßôå. ÌåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç, ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï
<command>sysinstall</command> ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ðñüóèåôá
ðáêÝôá.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
The FreeBSD package collection is a collection of hundreds of
ready-to-run applications, from text editors to games to WEB servers
and more. Would you like to browse the collection now?
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝæïíôáò
<keycap>Enter</keycap> èá äåßôå ôéò ïèüíåò åðéëïãÞò ðáêÝôùí:</para>
<figure id="package-category">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ Êáôçãïñßáò ÐáêÝôïõ</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/pkg-cat" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå êÜèå äåäïìÝíç óôéãìÞ íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ìüíï ôá ðáêÝôá ðïõ
åßíáé äéáèÝóéìá óôï ôñÝ÷ïí ìÝóï åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<para>Ìå ôçí åðéëïãÞ <guimenuitem>All</guimenuitem> èá äåßôå üëá ôá
äéáèÝóéìá ðáêÝôá, Þ ìðïñåßôå íá åðéëÝîåôå óõãêåêñéìÝíç êáôçãïñßá.
Öùôßóôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ óáò ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<para>Èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá ìåíïý ôï ïðïßï äåß÷íåé üëá äéáèÝóéìá ðáêÝôá ãéá
ôçí åðéëïãÞ ðïõ êÜíáôå:</para>
<figure id="package-select">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ ÐáêÝôùí</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/pkg-sel" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôï êÝëõöïò (shell) <application>bash</application> öáßíåôáé
åðéëåãìÝíï. ÅðéëÝîôå üóá ðáêÝôá åðéèõìåßôå, öùôßæïíôáò ôï ðáêÝôï
êáé ðéÝæïíôáò ôï ðëÞêôñï <keycap>Space</keycap>. Èá äåßôå ìéá óýíôïìç
ðåñéãñáöÞ ãéá êÜèå ðáêÝôï óôï êÜôù áñéóôåñü ìÝñïò ôçò ïèüíçò.</para>
<para>Ç ðßåóç ôïõ ðëÞêôñïõ <keycap>Tab</keycap> åíáëëÜóóåé ìåôáîý ôïõ
ôåëåõôáßïõ åðéëåãìÝíïõ ðáêÝôïõ, ôïõ &gui.ok;, êáé ôïõ
&gui.cancel;.</para>
<para>¼ôáí Ý÷åôå ôåëåéþóåé ìå ôï ìáñêÜñéóìá ôùí ðáêÝôùí ðñïò
åãêáôÜóôáóç, ðéÝóôå ìéá öïñÜ <keycap>Tab</keycap> ãéá íá
ìåôáêéíçèåßôå óôï &gui.ok; êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá
åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï ìåíïý ÅðéëïãÞò ÐáêÝôùí (Package Selection).</para>
<para>Ôï áñéóôåñü êáé äåîß âåëÜêé åíáëëÜóóåé åðßóçò ìåôáîý ôïõ &gui.ok;
êáé ôïõ &gui.cancel;. Ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå áõôÞ ôç ìÝèïäï ãéá
íá åðéëÝîåôå &gui.ok; êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá
åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï ìåíïý ÅðéëïãÞò ÐáêÝôùí.</para>
<figure id="package-install">
<title>ÅãêáôÜóôáóç ÐáêÝôùí</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/pkg-install" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï <keycap>Tab</keycap> êáé ôá âåëÜêéá ãéá íá
åðéëÝîåôå <guibutton>[ Install ]</guibutton> êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá åðéâåâáéþóåôå üôé èÝëåôå íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôá ðáêÝôá:</para>
<figure id="package-install-confirm">
<title>Åðéâåâáßùóç ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò ÐáêÝôùí</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/pkg-confirm" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò &gui.ok; êáé ðéÝæïíôáò <keycap>Enter</keycap> èá
îåêéíÞóåé ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ðáêÝôùí. Èá âëÝðåôå ìçíýìáôá ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò
ìÝ÷ñé ôçí ïëïêëÞñùóç ôçò. Óçìåéþóôå ôõ÷üí ìçíýìáôá ëÜèïõò ðïõ
åìöáíßæïíôáé.</para>
<para>Ç ôåëéêÞ ñýèìéóç óõíå÷ßæåôáé ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôùí ðáêÝôùí. Áí
êáôáëÞîåôå íá ìçí åãêáôáóôÞóåôå êáíÝíá ðáêÝôï, êáé åðéèõìåßôå íá
åðéóôñÝøåôå óôçí ôåëéêÞ ñýèìéóç, åðéëÝîôå
<guibutton>Install</guibutton> ïýôùò Þ Üëëùò.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="addusers">
<title>ÐñïóèÞêç ×ñçóôþí / ÏìÜäùí (Users/Groups)</title>
<para>Èá ðñÝðåé íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ôïõëÜ÷éóôïí Ýíá ÷ñÞóôç êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá
ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò, þóôå íá ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï óýóôçìá ÷ùñßò
íá åéóÝñ÷åóôå ùò <username>root</username>. Ç root êáôÜôìçóç åßíáé
ãåíéêÜ ìéêñÞ, êáé åêôåëþíôáò åöáñìïãÝò ùò <username>root</username>
ìðïñåß ãñÞãïñá íá ãåìßóåé. ÐáñáêÜôù öáßíåôáé êáé Ýíáò ðéï óïâáñüò
êßíäõíïò:</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Would you like to add any initial user accounts to the system? Adding
at least one account for yourself at this stage is suggested since
working as the "root" user is dangerous (it is easy to do things which
adversely affect the entire system).
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes; êáé ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá
óõíå÷ßóåôå ìå ôçí ðñïóèÞêç åíüò ÷ñÞóôç.</para>
<figure id="add-user2">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ ×ñÞóôç</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/adduser1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå <guimenuitem>User</guimenuitem> ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
<figure id="add-user3">
<title>ÐñïóèÞêç Ðëçñïöïñéþí ×ñÞóôç</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/adduser2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Êáèþò èá åéóÜãåôå ôá óôïé÷åßá ðéÝæïíôáò ôï <keycap>Tab</keycap> èá
åìöáíßæïíôáé ïé ðáñáêÜôù ðåñéãñáöÝò óôï êÜôù ìÝñïò ôçò ïèüíçò ãéá íá
óáò âïçèÞóïõí óôçí åéóáãùãÞ ôùí áðáéôïýìåíùí ðëçñïöïñéþí:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>Login ID</term>
<listitem>
<para>To üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç (login name) ãéá ôï íÝï ÷ñÞóôç
(õðï÷ñåùôéêü).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>UID</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ï áíáãíùñéóôéêüò áñéèìüò (numerical ID) ãéá áõôü ôïí ÷ñÞóôç
(áöÞóôå ôïí êåíü ãéá áõôüìáôç åðéëïãÞ).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Group</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï üíïìá ôçò ïìÜäáò (group name) ãéá áõôü ôï ÷ñÞóôç
(áöÞóôå ôïí êåíü ãéá áõôüìáôç åðéëïãÞ).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Password</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ï êùäéêüò (password) ãéá áõôü ôï ÷ñÞóôç (äþóôå ðñïóï÷Þ óôï
ðåäßï áõôü!).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Full name</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï ðëÞñåò üíïìá ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç (ó÷üëéï).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Member groups</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ïé õðüëïéðåò ïìÜäåò (groups) óôéò ïðïßåò áíÞêåé áõôüò ï
÷ñÞóôçò (Ý÷åé äçë. ôá äéêáéþìáôá ôïõò).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Home directory</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ï ðñïóùðéêüò êáôÜëïãïò áñ÷åßùí (home directory) ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç
(áöÞóôå êåíü ãéá ôçí ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç åðéëïãÞ).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Login shell</term>
<listitem>
<para>Ôï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï êÝëõöïò (login shell) ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç
(áöÞóôå êåíü ãéá ôçí ðñïåðéëïãÞ, ð.÷.
<filename>/bin/sh</filename>).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>Ôï êÝëõöïò åéóüäïõ áëëÜ÷ôçêå áðü <filename>/bin/sh</filename> óå
<filename>/usr/local/bin/bash</filename> ãéá íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ôï
êÝëõöïò <application>bash</application> ôï ïðïßï åãêáôáóôÞóáìå
ðñïçãïõìÝíùò ìÝóù ðáêÝôïõ. Ìçí ðñïóðáèÞóåôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå êÜðïéï
êÝëõöïò ðïõ äåí õðÜñ÷åé, äéáöïñåôéêÜ äåí èá ìðïñåßôå íá êÜíåôå login.
Ôï ðëÝïí óõíçèéóìÝíï êÝëõöïò óôïí êüóìï ôïõ BSD åßíáé ôï C shell, ôï
ïðïßï ìðïñåßôå íá ãñÜøåôå ùò <filename>/bin/tcsh</filename>.</para>
<para>Ï ÷ñÞóôçò ðñïóôÝèçêå åðßóçò óôçí ïìÜäá
<groupname>wheel</groupname> ãéá íá Ý÷åé ôç äõíáôüôçôá íá ãßíåé
õðåñ÷ñÞóôçò (superuser) ìå äéêáéþìáôá
<username>root</username>.</para>
<para>¼ôáí åßóôå éêáíïðïéçìÝíïò áðü ôéò åðéëïãÝò óáò, ðéÝóôå &gui.ok;
êáé èá åìöáíéóôåß îáíÜ ôï ìåíïý User and Group Management:</para>
<figure id="add-user4">
<title>¸îïäïò áðü ôçí Äéá÷åßñéóç ×ñçóôþí êáé ÏìÜäùí</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/adduser3" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò ôç äåäïìÝíç óôéãìÞ íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ïìÜäåò, áí
õðÜñ÷åé óõãêåêñéìÝíç áíÜãêç. ÄéáöïñåôéêÜ, ìðïñåßôå íá åðáíÝëèåôå óôç
ñýèìéóç áõôÞ ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç, ìÝóù ôïõ
<command>sysinstall</command>.</para>
<para>¼ôáí ôåëåéþóåôå ìå ôçí ðñïóèÞêç ÷ñçóôþí, åðéëÝîôå
<guimenuitem>Exit</guimenuitem> ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá óõíå÷ßóåôå ìå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="rootpass">
<title>Ïñéóìüò ôïõ Êùäéêïý ãéá ôï ×ñÞóôç
<username>root</username></title>
<screen> Message
Now you must set the system manager's password.
This is the password you'll use to log in as "root".
[ OK ]
[ Press enter to continue ]</screen>
<para>ÐéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá ïñßóåôå ôïí êùäéêü ãéá ôï
÷ñÞóôç <username>root</username>.</para>
<para>Èá ðñÝðåé íá ðëçêôñïëïãÞóåôå äýï öïñÝò ôïí êùäéêü óùóôÜ. Äåí
÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá ðïýìå üôé ðñÝðåé íá Ý÷åôå ôñüðï íá âñåßôå ôïí êùäéêü
áí ôïí îå÷Üóåôå. ÐáñáôçñÞóôå üôé ï êùäéêüò äåí åìöáíßæåôáé êáèþò ôïí
ðëçêôñïëïãåßôå, ïýôå êáé åìöáíßæïíôáé áóôåñÜêéá óôç èÝóç ôïõ.</para>
<screen>Changing local password for root.
New password :
Retype new password :</screen>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç èá óõíå÷éóôåß ìåôÜ ôçí åðéôõ÷çìÝíç åéóáãùãÞ ôïõ
êùäéêïý.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="exit-inst">
<title>¸îïäïò áðü ôçí ÅãêáôÜóôáóç</title>
<para>Áí ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá ñõèìßóåôå ðñüóèåôåò äéêôõáêÝò õðçñåóßåò, Þ êÜðïéá
Üëëç ñýèìéóç, ìðïñåßôå íá ôï êÜíåôå ôþñá Þ ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ìå ôç
÷ñÞóç ôçò åíôïëÞò <command>sysinstall</command>.</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Visit the general configuration menu for a chance to set any last
options?
Yes [ No ]</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.no; ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé ðéÝóôå
<keycap>Enter</keycap> ãéá íá åðéóôñÝøåôå óôï Êõñßùò Ìåíïý
ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò (Main Installation Menu).</para>
<figure id="final-main">
<title>¸îïäïò áðü ôçí ÅãêáôÜóôáóç</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mainexit" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå <guibutton>[X Exit Install]</guibutton> ìå ôá âåëÜêéá êáé
ðéÝóôå <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Èá êëçèåßôå íá åðéâåâáéþóåôå ôçí Ýîïäï
áðü ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç:</para>
<screen> User Confirmation Requested
Are you sure you wish to exit? The system will reboot.
[ Yes ] No</screen>
<para>ÅðéëÝîôå &gui.yes;. Áí åß÷áôå îåêéíÞóåé áðü ôï CDROM, èá äåßôå
ôï ðáñáêÜôù ìÞíõìá ãéá íá óáò õðåíèõìßóåé íá áöáéñÝóåôå ôï CD:</para>
<screen> Message
Be sure to remove the media from the drive.
[ OK ]
[ Press enter or space ]</screen>
<para>Ï ïäçãüò CDROM èá ðáñáìåßíåé êëåéäùìÝíïò ìÝ÷ñé íá áñ÷ßóåé ç
åðáíåêêßíçóç ôïõ ìç÷áíÞìáôïò. Êáôüðéí îåêëåéäþíåé êáé ìðïñåßôå
(ãñÞãïñá) íá âãÜëåôå ôï CD áðü ôïí ïäçãü. ÐéÝóôå &gui.ok; ãéá íá
åðáíåêêéíÞóåôå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá.</para>
<para>Ôï óýóôçìá èá åðáíåêêéíÞóåé, êáé ðñïóÝîôå ãéá ôõ÷üí ìçíýìáôá
ëÜèïõò ðïõ èá åìöáíéóôïýí.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="network-services">
<sect2info>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Tom</firstname>
<surname>Rhodes</surname>
<contrib>ÓõíåéóöïñÜ áðü ôïí </contrib>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</sect2info>
<title>Ñýèìéóç Ðñüóèåôùí Õðçñåóéþí Äéêôýïõ</title>
<para>Ç ñýèìéóç õðçñåóéþí äéêôýïõ ìðïñåß íá åßíáé ìéá äýóêïëç äéáäéêáóßá
ãéá íÝïõò ÷ñÞóôåò ÷ùñßò åìðåéñßá óôïí áíôßóôïé÷ï ôïìÝá. Ç äéêôýùóç,
ðåñéëáìâáíïìÝíïõ êáé ôïõ Internet, åßíáé êñßóéìç óå üëá ôá ìïíôÝñíá
ëåéôïõñãéêÜ óõóôÞìáôá, ðåñéëáìâáíïìÝíïõ êáé ôïõ &os;. Ãéá ôï ëüãï
áõôü åßíáé ÷ñÞóéìï íá Ý÷åôå êÜðïéá êáôáíüçóç ôùí åêôåôáìÝíùí
éêáíïôÞôùí äéêôýùóçò ôïõ &os;. ÊÜíïíôáò ôï áõôü êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò
åãêáôÜóôáóçò åðéâåâáéþíåôáé ç äõíáôüôçôá ôùí ÷ñçóôþí íá êáôáíïÞóïõí
ôéò äéÜöïñåò õðçñåóßåò ðïõ ôïõò ðáñÝ÷ïíôáé.</para>
<para>Ïé äéêôõáêÝò õðçñåóßåò åßíáé ðñïãñÜììáôá ðïõ äÝ÷ïíôáé åßóïäï áðü
ïðïéïäÞðïôå óçìåßï óôï äßêôõï. ÊáôáâÜëëåôáé êÜèå ðñïóðÜèåéá ãéá íá
åßíáé óßãïõñï üôé ôá ðñïãñÜììáôá áõôÜ äåí èá êÜíïõí ïôéäÞðïôå
<quote>åðéæÞìéï</quote>. Äõóôõ÷þò ïé ðñïãñáììáôéóôÝò äåí åßíáé
ôÝëåéïé êáé êáôÜ êáéñïýò Ý÷ïõí åìöáíéóôåß ðåñéðôþóåéò ðïõ óöÜëìáôá óå
äéêôõáêÝò õðçñåóßåò Ý÷ïõí ãßíåé áíôéêåßìåíá åêìåôÜëëåõóçò áðü
åéóâïëåßò ãéá ôçí åêôÝëåóç êáêüâïõëùí ðñÜîåùí. Åßíáé óçìáíôéêü íá ìçí
åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå êáìéÜ äéêôõáêÞ õðçñåóßá ìÝ÷ñé íá áíáêáëýøåôå üôé ôçí
÷ñåéÜæåóôå. Ìðïñåßôå ðÜíôá íá ôçí åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå áñãüôåñá,
åêôåëþíôáò îáíÜ ôçí åöáñìïãÞ <application>sysinstall</application> Þ
÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôéò äõíáôüôçôåò ðïõ ðáñÝ÷ïíôáé áðü ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.</para>
<para>Ìå ôçí åðéëïãÞ <guimenu>Networking</guimenu> èá äåßôå Ýíá ìåíïý
ðáñüìïéï ìå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
<figure id="network-configuration">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Äéêôýïõ Upper-level (ÁíùôÝñïõ ÅðéðÝäïõ)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/net-config-menu1" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ç ðñþôç åðéëïãÞ, <guimenuitem>Interfaces</guimenuitem>,
êáëýöèçêå ðñïçãïõìÝíùò óôï
<xref linkend="inst-network-dev"/>, êáé ìðïñåßôå ìå áóöÜëåéá íá ôçí
áãíïÞóåôå.</para>
<para>ÅðéëÝãïíôáò <guimenuitem>AMD</guimenuitem> ðñïóôßèåôáé õðïóôÞñéîç
ãéá ôï âïçèçôéêü ðñüãñáììá áõôüìáôçò ðñïóÜñôçóçò (automatic mount)
<acronym>BSD</acronym>. Áõôü ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé óõíÞèùò óå óõíäõáóìü ìå
ôï ðñùôüêïëëï <acronym>NFS</acronym> (äåßôå ðáñáêÜôù) ãéá ôçí áõôüìáôç
ðñïóÜñôçóç áðïìáêñõóìÝíùí óõóôçìÜôùí áñ÷åßùí. Äåí áðáéôåßôáé åäþ
êÜðïéá éäéáßôåñç ñýèìéóç.</para>
<para>ÁìÝóùò ìåôÜ âñßóêåôáé ç åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>AMD Flags</guimenuitem>. ¼ôáí ôçí åðéëÝîåôå èá
åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá áíáäõüìåíï ìåíïý ãéá íá ìðïñÝóåôå íá åéóÜãåôå
óõãêåêñéìÝíåò ðáñáìÝôñïõò (flags) ãéá ôçí õðçñåóßá
<acronym>AMD</acronym>. Ôï ìåíïý ðåñéÝ÷åé Þäç Ýíá óýíïëï áðü
ðñïåðéëïãÝò:</para>
<screen>-a /.amd_mnt -l syslog /host /etc/amd.map /net /etc/amd.map</screen>
<para>Ç åðéëïãÞ <option>-a</option> èÝôåé ôï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï óçìåßï
ðñïóÜñôçóçò (mount point) ôï ïðïßï åäþ êáèïñßæåôáé ùò
<filename>/.amd_mnt</filename>. Ç åðéëïãÞ <option>-l</option>
êáèïñßæåé ôï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï áñ÷åßï êáôáãñáöÞò
<filename>log</filename>. Ùóôüóï üôáí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ôï
<literal>syslogd</literal> üëåò ïé åñãáóßåò êáôáãñáöÞò óôÝëíïíôáé óôïí
äáßìïíá êáôáãñáöÞò óõóôÞìáôïò (system log daemon). Ï êáôÜëïãïò
<filename class="directory">/host</filename> ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ôçí
ðñïóÜñôçóç åíüò äéáìïéñáóìÝíïõ óõóôÞìáôïò áñ÷åßùí áðü Ýíá
áðïìáêñõóìÝíï êüìâï, åíþ ï êáôÜëïãïò
<filename class="directory">/net</filename> ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ôçí
ðñïóÜñôçóç åíüò äéáìïéñáóìÝíïõ óõóôÞìáôïò áñ÷åßùí áðü ìéá IP
äéåýèõíóç. Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/amd.map</filename> êáèïñßæåé ôéò
ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò åðéëïãÝò ãéá ôéò ðñïóáñôÞóåéò ìÝóù ôïõ
<acronym>AMD</acronym>.</para>
<indexterm>
<primary>FTP</primary>
<secondary>anonymous</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Ç åðéëïãÞ <guimenuitem>Anon FTP</guimenuitem> åðéôñÝðåé áíþíõìåò
óõíäÝóåéò <acronym>FTP</acronym>. ÅðéëÝîôå ôçí ãéá íá êÜíåôå ôï
ìç÷Üíçìá áíþíõìï åîõðçñåôçôÞ <acronym>FTP</acronym>. Èá ðñÝðåé ùóôüóï
íá áíôéëáìâÜíåóôå ôéò åðéðëïêÝò óôçí áóöÜëåéá ðïõ ðñïêáëåß ç åðéëïãÞ
áõôÞ. Èá åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá áêüìá ìåíïý ãéá íá óáò åîçãÞóåé ôéò åðéðëïêÝò
áóöáëåßáò êáèþò êáé ôéò ñõèìßóåéò óå âÜèïò.</para>
<para>Ôï ìåíïý ñõèìßóåùí <guimenuitem>Gateway</guimenuitem>
èá ñõèìßóåé ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò íá ëåéôïõñãåß ùò ðýëç üðùò åîçãÞóáìå
ðñïçãïõìÝíùò. Áðü åäþ åðßóçò ìðïñåßôå íá êáôáñãÞóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>Gateway</guimenuitem> áí ôçí åðéëÝîáôå êáôÜ ëÜèïò êáôÜ
ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò äéáäéêáóßáò åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<para>Ç åðéëïãÞ <guimenuitem>Inetd</guimenuitem> ìðïñåß íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ãéá íá ñõèìßóåé Þ íá áðåíåñãïðïéÞóåé ðëÞñùò ôï äáßìïíá
&man.inetd.8; üðùò åîçãÞèçêå ðáñáðÜíù.</para>
<para>Ç åðéëïãÞ <guimenuitem>Mail</guimenuitem> ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ôçí
ñýèìéóç ôïõ ðñïåðéëåãìÝíïõ <acronym>MTA</acronym> Þ Áíôéðñïóþðïõ
ÌåôáöïñÜò Ôá÷õäñïìåßïõ (Mail Transfer Agent) ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò.
Ìå ôçí åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ èá åìöáíéóôåß ôï ðáñáêÜôù ìåíïý:</para>
<figure id="mta-selection">
<title>ÅðéëïãÞ ÐñïåðéëåãìÝíïõ MTA</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/mta-main" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Óôï óçìåßï áõôü óáò äßíåôáé ç äõíáôüôçôá íá åðéëÝîåôå ðïéï
<acronym>MTA</acronym> íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå êáé íá ñõèìßóåôå ùò
ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï Ôï <acronym>MTA</acronym> äåí åßíáé ôßðïôá ðåñéóóüôåñï
áðü ôïí äéáêïìéóôÞ ôá÷õäñïìåßïõ ï ïðïßïò ðáñáäßäåé ôá ìçíýìáôá óôïõò
÷ñÞóôåò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò Þ ôï Internet.</para>
<para>Áí åðéëÝîåôå <guimenuitem>Sendmail</guimenuitem> èá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå
ôçí äçìïöéëÞ åöáñìïãÞ äéáêïìéóôÞ <application>sendmail</application> ç
ïðïßá åßíáé êáé ç ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ãéá ôï &os;. Ìå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>Sendmail local</guimenuitem> èá ñõèìßóåôå ôï
<application>sendmail</application> íá åßíáé ôï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï
<acronym>MTA</acronym>, áëëÜ èá áðåíåñãïðïéçèåß ç éêáíüôçôá ôïõ íá
ëáìâÜíåé email áðü ôï Internet. Ïé Üëëåò åðéëïãÝò åäþ,
<guimenuitem>Postfix</guimenuitem> êáé
<guimenuitem>Exim</guimenuitem> äñïõí ðáñüìïéá ìå ôï
<guimenuitem>Sendmail</guimenuitem>. Êáé ïé äýï äéáíÝìïõí
email. Ùóôüóï êÜðïéïé ÷ñÞóôåò ðñïôéìïýí áõôÝò ôéò åíáëëáêôéêÝò ëýóåéò
<acronym>MTA</acronym> áðü ôï
<application>sendmail</application>.</para>
<para>ÌåôÜ ôçí åðéëïãÞ åíüò <acronym>MTA</acronym>, Þ áí áðïöáóßóåôå íá
ìçí åðéëÝîåôå Ýíá MTA, èá åìöáíéóôåß ôï ìåíïý ñýèìéóçò äéêôýïõ, ìå ôçí
åðüìåíç åðéëïãÞ ðïõ åßíáé
<guimenuitem>NFS client</guimenuitem>.</para>
<para>Ç åðéëïãÞ <guimenuitem>NFS client</guimenuitem> èá ñõèìßóåé ôï
óýóôçìá óáò íá åðéêïéíùíåß ìå Ýíá åîõðçñåôçôÞ ìÝóù
<acronym>NFS</acronym>. ¸íáò åîõðçñåôçôÞò <acronym>NFS</acronym>
êáèéóôÜ óõóôÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí äéáèÝóéìá ðñïò Üëëá ìç÷áíÞìáôá ìÝóù ôïõ
äéêôýïõ, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï ðñùôüêïëëï <acronym>NFS</acronym>.
Áí ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò äåí äéáèÝôåé óýíäåóç ôïðéêïý äéêôýïõ, ìðïñåßôå íá
áöÞóåôå ôçí ëåéôïõñãßá áõôÞ áðïåðéëåãìÝíç. Ôï óýóôçìá ìðïñåß íá
÷ñåéáóôåß ðåñéóóüôåñåò ñõèìßóåéò áñãüôåñá. Äåßôå óôï
<xref linkend="network-nfs"/> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ñýèìéóçò
ôïõ ðåëÜôç êáé ôïõ äéáêïìéóôÞ.</para>
<para>ÊÜôù áðü ôçí åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ õðÜñ÷åé ç áíôßóôïé÷ç
<guimenuitem>NFS server</guimenuitem> ç ïðïßá åðéôñÝðåé íá ñõèìßóåôå
ôï óýóôçìá óáò ùò åîõðçñåôçôÞ <acronym>NFS</acronym>. Ðñïóôßèåíôáé ìå
ôïí ôñüðï áõôü ïé áðáñáßôçôåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá ôçí åêêßíçóç ôçò
õðçñåóßáò <acronym>RPC</acronym> (remote procedure call). Ôï
<acronym>RPC</acronym> ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ôïí óõíôïíéóìü ôùí
óõíäÝóåùí ìåôáîý ôùí êüìâùí êáé ôùí ðñïãñáììÜôùí.</para>
<para>Óôçí åðüìåíç ãñáììÞ âñßóêåôáé ç åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>Ntpdate</guimenuitem> ç ïðïßá ÷åéñßæåôáé ôïí óõã÷ñïíéóìü
þñáò. ¼ôáí åðéëå÷èåß, åìöáíßæåôáé Ýíá ìåíïý üðùò ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
<figure id="Ntpdate-config">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Ntpdate</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/ntp-config" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Áðü ôï ìåíïý áõôü, åðéëÝîôå ôïí äéáêïìéóôÞ ðïõ åßíáé ðëçóéÝóôåñïò
óôçí ôïðïèåóßá óáò. ÅðéëÝãïíôáò ôïí ðëçóéÝóôåñï, ï óõã÷ñïíéóìüò ôçò
þñáò èá åßíáé ðéï áêñéâÞò, êáèþò Ýíáò áðïìáêñõóìÝíïò äéáêïìéóôÞò
èá Ý÷åé åíäå÷ïìÝíùò ìåãáëýôåñç êáèõóôÝñçóç óôç óýíäåóç.</para>
<para>Ç åðüìåíç åðéëïãÞ åßíáé ôï <acronym>PCNFSD</acronym>. Ìå áõôÞí èá
åãêáôáóôáèåß ôï ðáêÝôï <filename role="package">net/pcnfsd</filename>
áðü ôç óõëëïãÞ Ports. Ðñüêåéôáé ãéá Ýíá ÷ñÞóéìï âïçèçôéêü ðñüãñáììá
ôï ïðïßï ðáñÝ÷åé õðçñåóßåò ðéóôïðïßçóçò (authentication) ãéá ôï
<acronym>NFS</acronym> ãéá óõóôÞìáôá ðïõ äåí Ý÷ïõí äõíáôüôçôá íá
ðáñÝ÷ïõí ôéò äéêÝò ôïõò, üðùò ôï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá &ms-dos; ôçò
Microsoft.</para>
<para>Ôþñá èá ðñÝðåé íá ìåôáêéíçèåßôå ðñïò ôá êÜôù ãéá íá äåßôå ôéò
Üëëåò åðéëïãÝò:</para>
<figure id="Network-configuration-cont">
<title>Ñýèìéóç Äéêôýïõ Lower-level (Êáôþôåñïõ ÅðéðÝäïõ)</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="install/net-config-menu2" format="PNG"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<para>Ôá ðñïãñÜììáôá &man.rpcbind.8;, &man.rpc.statd.8;, êáé
&man.rpc.lockd.8; ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé üëá ãéá Remote Procedure
Calls (<acronym>RPC</acronym>).
Ôï ðñüãñáììá <command>rpcbind</command> êáôåõèýíåé ôçí åðéêïéíùíßá
ìåôáîý åîõðçñåôçôþí êáé ðåëáôþí <acronym>NFS</acronym> êáé áðáéôåßôáé
ãéá ôç óùóôÞ ëåéôïõñãßá ôùí åîõðçñåôçôþí <acronym>NFS</acronym>.
Ï äáßìïíáò <application>rpc.statd</application> áëëçëåðéäñÜ ìå ôï
äáßìïíá <application>rpc.statd</application> Üëëùí ìç÷áíçìÜôùí ãéá íá
ðáñÝ÷åé ðëçñïöïñßåò êáôÜóôáóçò. Ç êáôÜóôáóç ðïõ ëáìâÜíåôáé, óõíÞèùò
öõëÜóóåôáé óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/var/db/statd.status</filename>. Ç
åðüìåíç åðéëïãÞ ðïõ åìöáíßæåôáé åßíáé ôï
<guimenuitem>rpc.lockd</guimenuitem>, ôï ïðïßï áí åðéëå÷èåß èá ðáñÝ÷åé
õðçñåóßåò êëåéäþìáôïò áñ÷åßùí (file locking). ÓõíÞèùò ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé
ìáæß ìå ôï <application>rpc.statd</application> ãéá íá ðáñáêïëïõèåß
ðïéá ìç÷áíÞìáôá æçôïýí êëåéäþìáôá êáé ðüóï óõ÷íÜ ôá áðáéôïýí. Áí êáé
ïé äõï ôåëåõôáßåò åðéëïãÝò åßíáé èáõìÜóéåò ãéá åêóöáëìÜôùóç êáé
áíôéìåôþðéóç ðñïâëçìÜôùí, äåí áðáéôïýíôáé ãéá ôç óùóôÞ ëåéôïõñãßá
ôùí äéáêïìéóôþí êáé ðåëáôþí <acronym>NFS</acronym>.</para>
<para>Êáèþò ðñï÷ùñÜìå ôç ëßóôá ðñïò ôá êÜôù, ç åðüìåíç åðéëïãÞ åßíáé ôï
<guimenuitem>Routed</guimenuitem>, ðïõ åßíáé ï äáßìïíáò äñïìïëüãçóçò.
Ôï ðñüãñáììá &man.routed.8; äéá÷åéñßæåôáé ôïõò ðßíáêåò äñïìïëüãçóçò
ôïõ äéêôýïõ, áíáêáëýðôåé äñïìïëïãçôÝò multicast êáé ðáñÝ÷åé, êáôüðéí
áðáßôçóçò, áíôßãñáöá ôïõ ðßíáêá äñïìïëüãçóçò óå êÜèå óõíäåìÝíï óôï
äßêôõï êüìâï. Ç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ ðñïïñßæåôáé êõñßùò ãéá ìç÷áíÞìáôá ôá ïðïßá
äñïõí ùò ðýëç (gateway) óå Ýíá ôïðéêü äßêôõï. ¼ôáí ôï åðéëÝîåôå, èá
åìöáíéóôåß Ýíá ìåíïý ôï ïðïßï èá óáò æçôÞóåé ôçí ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç
ôïðïèåóßá ãéá ôï ðñüãñáììá. Åßíáé Þäç êáèïñéóìÝíç ãéá óáò, êáé
ìðïñåßôå íá ôçí åðéëÝîåôå ðéÝæïíôáò ôï ðëÞêôñï
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. Èá åìöáíéóôåß ôüôå áêüìá Ýíá ìåíïý, ðïõ èá
óáò æçôÜ áõôÞ ôç öïñÜ ôõ÷üí åðéðëÝïí ñõèìßóåéò (flags) ðïõ èÝëåôå íá
ðåñÜóåôå óôçí åöáñìïãÞ <application>routed</application>. Ç
ðñïåðéëïãÞ åßíáé ôï <option>-q</option> êáé ðñÝðåé Þäç íá öáßíåôáé
óôçí ïèüíç óáò.</para>
<para>Óôçí åðüìåíç ãñáììÞ âñßóêåôáé ç åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>Rwhod</guimenuitem> ç ïðïßá, üôáí åðéëå÷èåß, èá îåêéíÞóåé
ôïí äáßìïíá &man.rwhod.8; êáôÜ ôçí åêêßíçóç ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò. Ç åíôïëÞ
<command>rwhod</command> åêðÝìðåé ðåñéïäéêÜ ìçíýìáôá ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò
óôï äßêôõï, Þ êáé ôá óõëëÝãåé üôáí åßíáé óå êáôÜóôáóç
<quote>êáôáíáëùôÞ (consumer)</quote>. Ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå ðåñéóóüôåñåò
ðëçñïöïñßåò óôéò óåëßäåò âïÞèåéáò &man.ruptime.1; êáé
&man.rwho.1;.</para>
<para>Ç ðñïôåëåõôáßá åðéëïãÞ óôç ëßóôá åßíáé ãéá ôï äáßìïíá
&man.sshd.8;. Ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ôïí åîõðçñåôçôÞ secure shell Þ
<application>OpenSSH</application> ï ïðïßïò óõíßóôáôáé éäéáßôåñá óå
ó÷Ýóç ìå ôïõò óôÜíôáñ åîõðçñåôçôÝò <application>telnet</application>
êáé <acronym>FTP</acronym>. Ï åîõðçñåôçôÞò
<application>sshd</application> ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ôçí äçìéïõñãßá
áóöáëÞò óýíäåóçò ìåôáîý äýï ìç÷áíçìÜôùí, ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç êñõðôïãñáöçìÝíùí
óõíäÝóåùí.</para>
<para>ÔÝëïò, õðÜñ÷åé ç åðéëïãÞ
<guimenuitem>TCP Extensions</guimenuitem>. ÁõôÞ åðéôñÝðåé ôçí ÷ñÞóç
ôùí ÅðåêôÜóåùí <acronym>TCP</acronym> ðïõ ïñßæïíôáé óôá
<acronym>RFC</acronym> 1323 êáé <acronym>RFC</acronym> 1644.
Áí êáé óå ðïëëÜ ìç÷áíÞìáôá, ç ÷ñÞóç ôïõò ìðïñåß íá åðéôá÷ýíåé ôéò
óõíäÝóåéò, ìðïñåß åðßóçò íá ðñïêáëÝóåé êáé ôçí êáôÜññåõóç êÜðïéùí áðü
áõôÝò. Äåí óõíßóôáôáé ãéá åîõðçñåôçôÝò, ìðïñåß üìùò íá åßíáé ÷ñÞóéìç
óå áíåîÜñôçôá ìç÷áíÞìáôá.</para>
<para>Ôþñá ðïõ Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé ôéò äéêôõáêÝò õðçñåóßåò, ìðïñåßôå íá
ìåôáêéíçèåßôå óôï ðñþôï óôïé÷åßï ôçò ëßóôáò, ôï
<guimenuitem>Exit</guimenuitem> êáé íá óõíå÷ßóåôå ìå ôï åðüìåíï ôìÞìá
ñõèìßóåùí.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="freebsdboot">
<title>Åêêßíçóç ôïõ &os;</title>
<sect3 id="freebsdboot-i386">
<title>Åêêßíçóç &os;/&arch.i386;</title>
<para>Áí üëá ðÞãáí êáëÜ, èá äåßôå ìçíýìáôá íá êõëïýí óôçí ïèüíç óáò
ìÝ÷ñé íá öôÜóåôå óôçí ðñïôñïðÞ åéóüäïõ (login prompt). Ìðïñåßôå íá
äåßôå ôï ðåñéå÷üìåíï ôùí ìçíõìÜôùí ìå ôçí ðßåóç ôïõ ðëÞêôñïõ
<keycap>Scroll-Lock</keycap> êáé ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá ðëÞêôñá
<keycap>PgUp</keycap> êáé <keycap>PgDn</keycap>.
ÐéÝæïíôáò îáíÜ ôï <keycap>Scroll-Lock</keycap> èá åðáíÝëèåôå óôçí
ðñïôñïðÞ.</para>
<para>Ìðïñåß íá ìçí êáôáöÝñåôå íá äåßôå üëá ôá ìçíýìáôá (ëüãù
ðåñéïñéóìïý ôçò ðñïóùñéíÞò ìíÞìçò buffer) áëëÜ ìðïñåßôå íá ôá äåßôå
ìåôÜ ôçí åßóïäï óáò, ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç ôçò åíôïëÞò
<command>dmesg</command> óôç ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí.</para>
<para>ÊÜíôå login ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ ïíüìáôïò ÷ñÞóôç êáé êùäéêïý ðïõ
äçìéïõñãÞóáôå êáôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç (óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò,
<username>rpratt</username>). Áðïöåýãåôå íá åéóÝñ÷åóôå ùò
<username>root</username> áí äåí åßíáé áðáñáßôçôï.</para>
<para>ÔõðéêÜ ìçíýìáôá åêêßíçóçò (Ý÷ïõí ðáñáëåéöèåß ïé ðëçñïöïñßåò
Ýêäïóçò):</para>
<screen>Copyright (c) 1992-2002 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz
CPU: AMD-K6(tm) 3D processor (300.68-MHz 586-class CPU)
Origin = "AuthenticAMD" Id = 0x580 Stepping = 0
Features=0x8001bf<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,MCE,CX8,MMX>
AMD Features=0x80000800<SYSCALL,3DNow!>
real memory = 268435456 (262144K bytes)
config> di sn0
config> di lnc0
config> di le0
config> di ie0
config> di fe0
config> di cs0
config> di bt0
config> di aic0
config> di aha0
config> di adv0
config> q
avail memory = 256311296 (250304K bytes)
Preloaded elf kernel "kernel" at 0xc0491000.
Preloaded userconfig_script "/boot/kernel.conf" at 0xc049109c.
md0: Malloc disk
Using $PIR table, 4 entries at 0xc00fde60
npx0: <math processor> on motherboard
npx0: INT 16 interface
pcib0: <Host to PCI bridge> on motherboard
pci0: <PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <VIA 82C598MVP (Apollo MVP3) PCI-PCI (AGP) bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <PCI bus> on pcib1
pci1: <Matrox MGA G200 AGP graphics accelerator> at 0.0 irq 11
isab0: <VIA 82C586 PCI-ISA bridge> at device 7.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <VIA 82C586 ATA33 controller> port 0xe000-0xe00f at device 7.1 on pci0
ata0: at 0x1f0 irq 14 on atapci0
ata1: at 0x170 irq 15 on atapci0
uhci0: <VIA 83C572 USB controller> port 0xe400-0xe41f irq 10 at device 7.2 on pci0
usb0: <VIA 83C572 USB controller> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: VIA UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
chip1: <VIA 82C586B ACPI interface> at device 7.3 on pci0
ed0: <NE2000 PCI Ethernet (RealTek 8029)> port 0xe800-0xe81f irq 9 at
device 10.0 on pci0
ed0: address 52:54:05:de:73:1b, type NE2000 (16 bit)
isa0: too many dependant configs (8)
isa0: unexpected small tag 14
fdc0: <NEC 72065B or clone> at port 0x3f0-0x3f5,0x3f7 irq 6 drq 2 on isa0
fdc0: FIFO enabled, 8 bytes threshold
fd0: <1440-KB 3.5” drive> on fdc0 drive 0
atkbdc0: <keyboard controller (i8042)> at port 0x60-0x64 on isa0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> flags 0x1 irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: model Generic PS/2 mouse, device ID 0
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x1 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio0 at port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on isa0
sio0: type 16550A
sio1 at port 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa0
sio1: type 16550A
ppc0: <Parallel port> at port 0x378-0x37f irq 7 on isa0
ppc0: SMC-like chipset (ECP/EPP/PS2/NIBBLE) in COMPATIBLE mode
ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/15 bytes threshold
ppbus0: IEEE1284 device found /NIBBLE
Probing for PnP devices on ppbus0:
plip0: <PLIP network interface> on ppbus0
lpt0: <Printer> on ppbus0
lpt0: Interrupt-driven port
ppi0: <Parallel I/O> on ppbus0
ad0: 8063MB <IBM-DHEA-38451> [16383/16/63] at ata0-master using UDMA33
ad2: 8063MB <IBM-DHEA-38451> [16383/16/63] at ata1-master using UDMA33
acd0: CDROM <DELTA OTC-H101/ST3 F/W by OIPD> at ata0-slave using PIO4
Mounting root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a
swapon: adding /dev/ad0s1b as swap device
Automatic boot in progress...
/dev/ad0s1a: FILESYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS
/dev/ad0s1a: clean, 48752 free (552 frags, 6025 blocks, 0.9% fragmentation)
/dev/ad0s1f: FILESYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS
/dev/ad0s1f: clean, 128997 free (21 frags, 16122 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation)
/dev/ad0s1g: FILESYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS
/dev/ad0s1g: clean, 3036299 free (43175 frags, 374073 blocks, 1.3% fragmentation)
/dev/ad0s1e: filesystem CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS
/dev/ad0s1e: clean, 128193 free (17 frags, 16022 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation)
Doing initial network setup: hostname.
ed0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::5054::5ff::fede:731b%ed0 prefixlen 64 tentative scopeid 0x1
ether 52:54:05:de:73:1b
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 16384
inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x8
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
Additional routing options: IP gateway=YES TCP keepalive=YES
routing daemons:.
additional daemons: syslogd.
Doing additional network setup:.
Starting final network daemons: creating ssh RSA host key
Generating public/private rsa1 key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.
Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
cd:76:89:16:69:0e:d0:6e:f8:66:d0:07:26:3c:7e:2d root@k6-2.example.com
creating ssh DSA host key
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.
Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
f9:a1:a9:47:c4:ad:f9:8d:52:b8:b8:ff:8c:ad:2d:e6 root@k6-2.example.com.
setting ELF ldconfig path: /usr/lib /usr/lib/compat /usr/X11R6/lib
/usr/local/lib
a.out ldconfig path: /usr/lib/aout /usr/lib/compat/aout /usr/X11R6/lib/aout
starting standard daemons: inetd cron sshd usbd sendmail.
Initial rc.i386 initialization:.
rc.i386 configuring syscons: blank_time screensaver moused.
Additional ABI support: linux.
Local package initialization:.
Additional TCP options:.
FreeBSD/i386 (k6-2.example.com) (ttyv0)
login: rpratt
Password:</screen>
<para>Ç äçìéïõñãßá ôùí êëåéäéþí RSA êáé DSA ìðïñåß íá ðÜñåé êÜðïéï
÷ñüíï óå áñãÜ ìç÷áíÞìáôá. Áõôü óõìâáßíåé ìüíï óôçí ðñþôç åêêßíçóç
åíüò íÝïõ óõóôÞìáôïò. Ïé åðüìåíåò åêêéíÞóåéò èá åßíáé ðéï
ãñÞãïñåò.</para>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé ôïí X server êáé Ý÷åôå åðéëÝîåé
ãñáöéêü ðåñéâÜëëïí åñãáóßáò, ìðïñåßôå íá ôï îåêéíÞóåôå äßíïíôáò ôçí
åíôïëÞ <command>startx</command> óôçí ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="shutdown">
<title>Ôåñìáôéóìüò ôïõ &os;</title>
<para>Åßíáé ðïëý óçìáíôéêü íá ôåñìáôßæåôå óùóôÜ ôï ëåéôïõñãéêü óýóôçìá.
Ìçí óâÞíåôå áðëþò ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ áðü ôï äéáêüðôç ñåýìáôïò. Ðñþôá áðü
üëá, ãßíåôå õðåñ÷ñÞóôçò (superuser) ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí åíôïëÞ
<command>su</command> óôç ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí êáé äßíïíôáò ôïí êùäéêü ôïõ
<username>root</username>. Áõôü ìðïñåß íá ãßíåé ìüíï áí ï ÷ñÞóôçò
áíÞêåé óôçí ïìÜäá <groupname>wheel</groupname>. ÄéáöïñåôéêÜ, êÜíôå
êáíïíéêÜ login óáí <username>root</username> êáé ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôçí
åíôïëÞ <command>shutdown -h now</command>.</para>
<screen>The operating system has halted.
Please press any key to reboot.</screen>
<para>Åßíáé áóöáëÝò íá äéáêüøåôå ôçí ôñïöïäïóßá áöïý äþóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ
shutdown êáé äåßôå ôï ìÞíõìá
<quote>Please press any key to reboot</quote>. Áí ðéÝóåôå ïðïéïäÞðïôå
ðëÞêôñï áíôß íá äéáêüøåôå ôçí ôñïöïäïóßá, ôï óýóôçìá èá
åðáíåêêéíÞóåé.</para>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï óõíäõáóìü ðëÞêôñùí
<keycombo action="simul">
<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
<keycap>Alt</keycap>
<keycap>Del</keycap>
</keycombo>
ãéá íá åðáíåêêéíÞóåôå ôï óýóôçìá, ùóôüóï áõôü äåí óõíßóôáôáé êáôÜ ôç
äéÜñêåéá ôçò êáíïíéêÞò ëåéôïõñãßáò.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-trouble">
<title>Áíôéìåôþðéóç ÐñïâëçìÜôùí</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>troubleshooting</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Ôï åðüìåíï ôìÞìá êáëýðôåé âáóéêÞ áíôéìåôþðéóç ðñïâëçìÜôùí êáôÜ ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç, ìå âÜóç óõíçèéóìÝíá ðñïâëÞìáôá ðïõ Ý÷ïõí áíáöåñèåß áðü
÷ñÞóôåò. ÕðÜñ÷ïõí åðßóçò ìåñéêÝò åñùôÞóåéò êáé áðáíôÞóåéò ãéá üóïõò
åíäéáöÝñïíôáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóïõí óýóôçìá dual-boot ôïõ &os; ìå ôï
&ms-dos;.</para>
<sect2>
<title>Ôé íá ÊÜíåôå áí ÊÜôé ÐÜåé ÓôñáâÜ</title>
<para>Ëüãù ôùí äéÜöïñùí ðåñéïñéóìþí ôçò áñ÷éôåêôïíéêÞò ôïõ PC, äåí åßíáé
äõíáôüí ç áíß÷íåõóç óõóêåõþí íá åßíáé 100% áîéüðéóôç, ùóôüóï õðÜñ÷ïõí
êÜðïéá ðñÜãìáôá ðïõ ìðïñåßôå íá êÜíåôå áí áðïôý÷åé.</para>
<para>ÅëÝãîôå ôï Ýããñáöï <ulink
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/index.html"> Óçìåéþóåùí Õëéêïý
(Hardware Notes)</ulink> ãéá ôçí Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os; ðïõ Ý÷åôå, ãéá íá
óéãïõñåõôåßôå üôé ôï õëéêü óáò õðïóôçñßæåôáé.</para>
<para>Áí ôï õëéêü óáò õðïóôçñßæåôáé, áëëÜ ðÜëé áíôéìåôùðßæåôå
êïëëÞìáôá Þ Üëëá ðñïâëÞìáôá, èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå <link
linkend="kernelconfig">åîåéäéêåõìÝíï ðõñÞíá</link>. Èá ìðïñÝóåôå ìå
ôïí ôñüðï áõôü íá ðñïóèÝóåôå õðïóôÞñéîç ãéá óõóêåõÝò ðïõ äåí õðÜñ÷ïõí
óôï ðõñÞíá <filename>GENERIC</filename>. Ï ðõñÞíáò óôéò äéóêÝôåò
åêêßíçóçò åßíáé ñõèìéóìÝíïò õðïèÝôïíôáò üôé ïé ðåñéóóüôåñåò
óõóêåõÝò õëéêïý åßíáé óôéò åñãïóôáóéáêÝò ôïõò ñõèìßóåéò, üóï áöïñÜ ôá
IRQs, ôéò äéåõèýíóåéò IO êáé ôá DMA êáíÜëéá. Áí Ý÷åôå áëëÜîåé ôéò
ñõèìßóåéò áõôÝò óôï óýóôçìá óáò, èá ÷ñåéáóôåß êáôÜ ðÜóá ðéèáíüôçôá, íá
áëëÜîåôå ôï áñ÷åßï ñõèìßóåùí êáé íá ìåôáãëùôôßóåôå îáíÜ ôïí ðõñÞíá
ãéá íá ïäçãÞóåôå ôï &os; íá ôéò âñåé.</para>
<para>Åßíáé åðßóçò ðéèáíüí ç áíß÷íåõóç ãéá ìéá óõóêåõÞ ðïõ äåí õðÜñ÷åé,
íá ïäçãÞóåé óå áðïôõ÷ßá ìéá ìåôáãåíÝóôåñç áíß÷íåõóç ãéá ìéá Üëëç
óõóêåõÞ. Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç áõôÞ, èá ðñÝðåé íá áðåíåñãïðïéçèåß ç
áíß÷íåõóç ãéá ôçí óõóêåõÞ ðïõ äçìéïõñãåß ôï ðñüâëçìá.</para>
<note>
<para>ÊÜðïéá ðñïâëÞìáôá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ìðïñåß íá áðïöåõ÷èïýí Þ íá
åîáëåéöèïýí áí áíáíåþóåôå ôï firmware óå äéÜöïñåò óõóêåõÝò õëéêïý,
êáé êáôÜ êýñéï ëüãï ôçò ìçôñéêÞò. Ôï firmware ôçò ìçôñéêÞò
áíáöÝñåôáé åðßóçò ùò <acronym>BIOS</acronym> êáé ïé ðåñéóóüôåñïé
êáôáóêåõáóôÝò ìçôñéêþí Þ õðïëïãéóôþí äéáèÝôïõí äéêôõáêü ôüðï óôïí
ïðïßï ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá áíáâáèìßóåéò Þ
áíáíåþóåéò.</para>
<para>Ïé ðåñéóóüôåñïé êáôáóêåõáóôÝò äåí óõíéóôïýí ôçí áíáâÜèìéóç ôïõ
<acronym>BIOS</acronym> ôçò ìçôñéêÞò áí äå óõíôñÝ÷åé óïâáñüò ëüãïò,
êáèþò ç áíáâÜèìéóç ìðïñåß íá åßíáé ìéá êñßóéìç äéáäéêáóßá. Ç
äéáäéêáóßá áíáâÜèìéóçò <emphasis>ìðïñåß</emphasis> íá ðÜåé óôñáâÜ,
êáé íá ðñïêëçèåß ìüíéìç æçìéÜ óôï êýêëùìá ôïõ
<acronym>BIOS</acronym>.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ÓõóôÞìáôá Áñ÷åßùí &ms-dos; êáé &windows;</title>
<para>Ôç äåäïìÝíç óôéãìÞ, ôï &os; äåí õðïóôçñßæåé óõóôÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí ðïõ
åßíáé óõìðéåóìÝíá ìå ôçí åöáñìïãÞ
<application>Double Space™</application>. Ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü èá
ðñÝðåé íá ôá áðïóõìðéÝóåôå þóôå ôï &os; íá Ý÷åé ðñüóâáóç óôá äåäïìÝíá.
Áõôü ìðïñåß íá ãßíåé åêôåëþíôáò ôçí åöáñìïãÞ
<application>Compression Agent</application> ðïõ âñßóêåôáé óôï ìåíïý
<guimenuitem>Start (¸íáñîç)</guimenuitem>>
<guimenuitem>Programs (ÐñïãñÜììáôá)</guimenuitem> >
<guimenuitem>System Tools (Åñãáëåßá ÓõóôÞìáôïò)</guimenuitem>.</para>
<para>Ôï &os; ìðïñåß íá õðïóôçñßîåé óõóôÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí ôýðïõ &ms-dos;
(ïñéóìÝíåò öïñÝò áíáöÝñïíôáé êáé ùò FAT). Ç åíôïëÞ
&man.mount.msdosfs.8; ìðïñåß íá ðñïóáñôÞóåé áõôÜ ôá óõóôÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí
óå êÜðïéï Þäç õðÜñ÷ïí êáôÜëïãï, åðéôñÝðïíôáò Ýôóé ôçí ðñüóâáóç óôá
ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôïõò. Äåí óõíçèßæåôáé íá ãßíåôáé Üìåóá êëÞóç ôïõ
ðñïãñÜììáôïò &man.mount.msdosfs.8;. ÓõíÞèùò, êáëåßôáé áðü ôï óýóôçìá
ìÝóù ìéáò ãñáììÞò óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> Þ ìå
êëÞóç ôïõ âïçèçôéêïý ðñïãñÜììáôïò &man.mount.8; ìå ôéò áðáñáßôçôåò
ðáñáìÝôñïõò. Ìéá ôõðéêÞ ñýèìéóç óôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename> åßíáé ç ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
<programlisting>/dev/ad0sN /dos msdosfs rw 0 0</programlisting>
<note><para>Ãéá íá äïõëÝøåé ôï ðáñáðÜíù, ï êáôÜëïãïò
<filename>/dos</filename> èá ðñÝðåé íá õðÜñ÷åé Þäç. Ãéá ëåðôïìÝñåéåò
ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôç ìïñöÞ ôùí êáôá÷ùñÞóåùí óôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, äåßôå ôç óåëßäá manual
&man.fstab.5;.</para></note>
<para>ÐáñáêÜôù öáßíåôáé ìéá ôõðéêÞ êëÞóç óôçí &man.mount.8; ãéá ôçí
ðñïóÜñôçóç åíüò óõóôÞìáôïò áñ÷åßùí &ms-dos;:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t msdosfs /dev/ad0s1 /mnt</userinput></screen>
<para>Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá áõôü, ôï óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí ôïõ &ms-dos; åßíáé óôçí
ðñþôç êáôÜôìçóç ôïõ óêëçñïý äßóêïõ. Ç äéêÞ óáò ðåñßðôùóç ìðïñåß íá
åßíáé äéáöïñåôéêÞ, åëÝãîôå ôï áðïôÝëåóìá ôùí åíôïëþí
<command>dmesg</command> êáé <command>mount</command>. Ïé ðëçñïöïñßåò
áðü áõôÝò ôéò åíôïëÝò ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé áñêåôÝò ãéá íá ðÜñåôå ìéá éäÝá
ôçò äéÜôáîçò ôùí êáôáôìÞóåùí.</para>
<note><para>Ôï &os; ßóùò íá áñéèìÞóåé ôá slices ôïõ äßóêïõ (ðïõ óôï
&ms-dos; êáëïýíôáé êáôáôìÞóåéò) äéáöïñåôéêÜ áðü Üëëá ëåéôïõñãéêÜ
óõóôÞìáôá. Åéäéêüôåñá, ôá åêôåôáìÝíá (extended) äéáìåñßóìáôá
&ms-dos; ðáßñíïõí óõíÞèùò ìåãáëýôåñç áñßèìçóç áðü ôá ðñùôåýïíôá
äéáìåñßóìáôá ôïõ &ms-dos;. Ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï âïçèçôéêü
ðñüãñáììá &man.fdisk.8; ãéá íá áíáãíùñßóåôå ðïéåò êáôáôìÞóåéò áíÞêïõí
óôï &os;, êáé ðïéåò óå Üëëá ëåéôïõñãéêÜ óõóôÞìáôá.</para></note>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá ðñïóáñôÞóåôå NTFS êáôáôìÞóåéò ìå ðáñüìïéï
ôñüðï, ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç ôçò åíôïëÞò &man.mount.ntfs.8;.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>ÅñùôÞóåéò êáé ÁðáíôÞóåéò Áíôéìåôþðéóçò ÐñïâëçìÜôùí</title>
<qandaset>
<qandaentry>
<question>
<para>Ôï óýóôçìá ìïõ êñåìÜåé êáôÜ ôçí áíáãíþñéóç õëéêïý óôç
äéÜñêåéá ôçò åêêßíçóçò Þ óõìðåñéöÝñåôáé ðåñßåñãá êáôÜ ôç
äéÜñêåéá ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò Þ äåí áíé÷íåýåôáé ç ìïíÜäá
äéóêÝôáò.</para>
</question>
<answer>
<para>Óôï &os; ãßíåôáé åêôåôáìÝíç ÷ñÞóç ôïõ
ACPI (åöüóïí áíé÷íåõèåß óôçí åêêßíçóç) óôéò ðëáôöüñìåò i386,
amd64 êáé ia64 ãéá äéåõêüëõíóçò ôçò ñýèìéóçò õëéêïý. Äõóôõ÷þò
õðÜñ÷ïõí áêüìá êÜðïéá ðñïâëÞìáôá ôüóï óôï ðñüãñáììá ïäÞãçóçò
ôïõ ACPI üóï êáé óôá BIOS êáé ôéò ìçôñéêÝò. Ìðïñåßôå íá
áðåíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôï ACPI, ìå ôçí ñýèìéóç
<literal>hint.acpi.0.disabled</literal> óôï ôñßôï óôÜäéï ôïõ
óõóôÞìáôïò åêêßíçóçò (boot loader):</para>
<screen><userinput>set hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</userinput></screen>
<para>Ç ñýèìéóç áõôÞ ÷Üíåôáé óå êÜèå åðáíåêêßíçóç, êáé Ýôóé åßíáé
áðáñáßôçôï íá ðñïóèÝóåôå
<literal>hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</literal> óôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>. Ðåñéóóüôåñåò
ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá ôïí boot loader ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå óôï
<xref linkend="boot-synopsis"/>.</para>
</answer>
</qandaentry>
<qandaentry>
<question>
<para>ÊáôÜöåñá íá îåêéíÞóù áðü ôï óêëçñü äßóêï ãéá ðñþôç öïñÜ
ìåôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;, ï ðõñÞíáò öïñôþíåé êáé áíé÷íåýåé
ôï õëéêü ìïõ, áëëÜ óôáìáôÜåé ìå ìçíýìáôá üðùò:</para>
<screen>changing root device to ad1s1a panic: cannot mount root</screen>
<para>Ôé åßíáé ëÜèïò; Ôé ìðïñþ íá êÜíù;</para>
<para>Ôé åßíáé ôï ìÞíõìá
<literal>bios_drive:interface(unit,partition)kernel_name</literal>
ðïõ åìöáíßæåôáé óôç âïÞèåéá ôçò åêêßíçóçò;</para>
</question>
<answer>
<para>ÕðÜñ÷åé áðü ðáëéÜ Ýíá ðñüâëçìá üôáí ï óêëçñüò äßóêïò áðü
ôïí ïðïßï ãßíåôáé ç åêêßíçóç äåí åßíáé ï ðñþôïò äßóêïò ôïõ
óõóôÞìáôïò. Ôï BIOS ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß äéáöïñåôéêü óýóôçìá áñßèìçóçò
áðü ôï &os; êáé ç åýñåóç ôïõ óùóôïý áñéèìïý ãéá êÜèå óõóêåõÞ
åßíáé äýóêïëç.</para>
<para>Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç ðïõ ï äßóêïò åêêßíçóçò äåí åßíáé ï ðñþôïò
äßóêïò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò, ôï &os; ìðïñåß íá ÷ñåéáóôåß êÜðïéá
âïÞèåéá ãéá íá ôïí âñåé. ÕðÜñ÷ïõí äýï óõíçèéóìÝíåò ðåñéðôþóåéò,
áëëÜ êáé óôéò äýï ðñÝðåé íá ðåßôå óôï &os; ðïõ èá âñåé ôï
ñéæéêü (root) óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí. Áõôü ãßíåôáé ïñßæïíôáò ôïí
áñéèìü ôïõ äßóêïõ óýìöùíá ìå ôï BIOS, ôïí ôýðï ôïõ äßóêïõ, êáé
ôïí áñéèìü ôïõ äßóêïõ óôï &os; áíÜëïãá ìå ôïí ôýðï ôïõ.</para>
<para>Ç ðñþôç ðåñßðôùóç åßíáé áí Ý÷åôå äýï äßóêïõò IDE, êáèÝíáò
ïñéóìÝíïò ùò master óôï áíôßóôïé÷ï IDE êáíÜëé, êáé èÝëåôå íá
îåêéíÞóåôå ôï &os; áðü ôï äåýôåñï äßóêï. Ôï BIOS ôïõò âëÝðåé ùò
äßóêïõò 0 êáé 1, åíþ ôï &os; ôïõò âëÝðåé ùò
<devicename>ad0</devicename> êáé
<devicename>ad2</devicename>.</para>
<para>Ôï &os; âñßóêåôáé óôï äßóêï 1 ôïõ BIOS, ôýðïõ
<literal>ad</literal> åíþ óôï &os; öáßíåôáé ùò äßóêïò 2, Üñá
ðñÝðåé íá äþóåôå:</para>
<screen><userinput>1:ad(2,a)kernel</userinput></screen>
<para>Óçìåéþóôå üôé áí Ý÷åôå äßóêï slave óôï ðñùôåýïí êáíÜëé, ôï
ðáñáðÜíù äåí åßíáé áðáñáßôçôï (êáé åßíáé ïõóéáóôéêÜ
ëÜèïò).</para>
<para>Ç äåýôåñç ðåñßðôùóç ðåñéëáìâÜíåé ôçí åêêßíçóç áðü äßóêï
SCSI, üôáí Ý÷åôå åðßóçò Ýíá Þ ðåñéóóüôåñïõò IDE äßóêïõò óôï
óýóôçìá. Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç áõôÞ ï áñéèìüò ôïõ äßóêïõ óôï &os;
åßíáé ÷áìçëüôåñïò áðü ôïí áíôßóôïé÷ï ôïõ BIOS. Áí Ý÷åôå äýï
äßóêïõò IDE êáé ôï SCSI äßóêï, ï SCSI äßóêïò öáßíåôáé óôï BIOS
ùò äßóêïò 2, ôýðïõ <literal>da</literal> êáé áíáãíùñßæåôáé óôï
&os; ùò äßóêïò 0, èá ãñÜöáôå:</para>
<screen><userinput>2:da(0,a)kernel</userinput></screen>
<para>Ãéá íá ðåßôå óôï &os; üôé èÝëåôå íá åêêéíÞóåôå áðü ôïí
äßóêï 2 ôïõ BIOS ðïõ åßíáé ï ðñþôïò SCSI äßóêïò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò.
Áí åß÷áôå Ýíá ìüíï IDE äßóêï, èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýóáôå ôï
<literal>1:</literal> áíôß ãéá <literal>2:</literal>.</para>
<para>Ìüëéò âñåßôå ôéò óùóôÝò ôéìÝò, ìðïñåßôå íá âÜëåôå ôçí
åíôïëÞ, áêñéâþò üðùò èá ôç ãñÜöáôå, óôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>/boot.config</filename> ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò Ýíá
óõíçèéóìÝíï åðåîåñãáóôÞ êåéìÝíïõ. Áí äåí ïñßóåôå äéáöïñåôéêÜ,
ôï &os; èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ áõôïý ùò
ðñïåðéëïãÞ óôçí ðñïôñïðÞ <literal>boot:</literal>.</para>
</answer>
</qandaentry>
<qandaentry>
<question>
<para>Îåêßíçóá áðü ôï óêëçñü äßóêï ãéá ðñþôç öïñÜ ìåôÜ ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;, áëëÜ ï Äéá÷åéñéóôÞò Åêêßíçóçò (Boot
Manager) ôõðþíåé áðëþò <literal>F?</literal> êÜèå öïñÜ óôï
ìåíïý åêêßíçóçò êáé äåí óõíå÷ßæåé ðåñéóóüôåñï.</para>
</question>
<answer>
<para>Äåí ñõèìßóáôå óùóôÜ ôç ãåùìåôñßá ôïõ óêëçñïý äßóêïõ óôïí
åðåîåñãáóôÞ êáôáôìÞóåùí üôáí åãêáôáóôÞóáôå ôï &os;. Ðçãáßíåôå
îáíÜ óôïí åðåîåñãáóôÞ êáôáôìÞóåùí êáé ïñßóôå ôç óùóôÞ ãåùìåôñßá
ôïõ óêëçñïý óáò äßóêïõ. ÐñÝðåé íá åðáíåãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; áðü
ôçí áñ÷Þ, ìå ôç óùóôÞ ãåùìåôñßá.</para>
<para>Áí äåí ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå ìå êáíÝíá ôñüðï ôç óùóôÞ ãåùìåôñßá
ãéá ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò, äïêéìÜóôå ôïí áêüëïõèï ôñüðï: ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå
ìéá ìéêñÞ êáôÜôìçóç &ms-dos; óôçí áñ÷Þ ôïõ äßóêïõ, êáé
åãêáôáóôÞóôå ôï &os; ìåôÜ áðü áõôü. Ôï ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò
èá äåé ôçí êáôÜôìçóç ôïõ &ms-dos; êáé èá ðñïóðáèÞóåé íá
áíé÷íåýóåé áðü áõôÞí ôçí óùóôÞ ãåùìåôñßá, êÜôé ôï ïðïßï
óõíÞèùò ðåôõ÷áßíåé.</para>
<para>Äåí óáò óõíéóôïýìå íá áêïëïõèÞóåôå ôï ðáñáêÜôù, áëëÜ ôï
áöÞóáìå åäþ áðëþò ùò áíáöïñÜ:</para>
<blockquote>
<para>Áí öôéÜ÷íåôå Ýíá ìç÷Üíçìá desktop Þ åîõðçñåôçôÞ ãéá
áðïêëåéóôéêÞ ÷ñÞóç áðü ôï &os; êáé äåí óáò åíäéáöÝñåé ðéèáíÞ
(ìåëëïíôéêÞ) óõìâáôüôçôá ìå &ms-dos;, Linux Þ Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü
óýóôçìá, Ý÷åôå åðßóçò ôçí åðéëïãÞ íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ïëüêëçñï
ôï äßóêï (ðéÝæïíôáò ôï <guimenuitem>A</guimenuitem> óôïí
åðåîåñãáóôÞ êáôáôìÞóåùí), êáé
åðéëÝãïíôáò ôç ìç-óôÜíôáñ åðéëïãÞ üðïõ ôï &os; êáôáëáìâÜíåé
ïëüêëçñï ôï äßóêï áðü ôïí ðñþôï ùò ôïí ôåëåõôáßï ôïìÝá. Ìå
ôïí ôñüðï áõôü åîáëåßöïíôáé üëá ôá ðñïâëÞìáôá ðïõ áíáöÝñïíôáé
óôç ãåùìåôñßá, áëëÜ õðÜñ÷ïõí êÜðïéïé ðåñéïñéóìïß, åêôüò áí äåí
ðñüêåéôáé ðïôÝ íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ïðïéïäÞðïôå Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü
åêôüò áðü &os; óôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï äßóêï.</para>
</blockquote>
</answer>
</qandaentry>
<qandaentry>
<question>
<para>Ôï óýóôçìá áíé÷íåýåé ôçí êÜñôá äéêôýïõ ìïõ &man.ed.4;, áëëÜ
ðáßñíù óõíÝ÷åéá ìçíýìáôá ëÜèïõò (device timeout).</para>
</question>
<answer>
<para>Ç êÜñôá óáò åßíáé ðéèáíþò óå äéáöïñåôéêü IRQ áðü áõôü ðïõ
Ý÷åé ïñéóèåß óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>
Ôï ðñüãñáììá ïäÞãçóçò &man.ed.4;, áðü ðñïåðéëïãÞ, äåí
÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôéò
ñõèìßóåéò ðïõ åíäå÷ïìÝíùò Ý÷åôå êÜíåé óôçí êÜñôá ìÝóù ôïõ
ðñïãñÜììáôïò ñýèìéóçò ðïõ ðáñÝ÷åé ï êáôáóêåõáóôÞò
(<quote>soft configuration</quote>, ôéò ôéìÝò ðïõ äþóáôå
ìÝóù EZSETUP óôï &ms-dos;). Ùóôüóï èá ôéò ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé áí
ïñßóåôå ôçí ôéìÞ <literal>-1</literal> óôá hints ôçò
óõóêåõÞò.</para>
<para>Åßôå ìåôáêéíÞóôå ôï âñá÷õêõêëùôÞñá (jumper) ðÜíù óôçí êÜñôá
þóôå íá äþóåôå ÷åéñïêßíçôåò (hard) ñõèìßóåéò (áëëÜæïíôáò êáé
ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ ðõñÞíá áí áõôü åßíáé áðáñáßôçôï), Þ áëëÜîôå
ôï IRQ óôçí ôéìÞ <literal>-1</literal> ñõèìßæïíôáò ôï hint
<literal>hint.ed.0.irq="-1"</literal>. Ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü, ï
ðõñÞíáò èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ðïõ êÜíáôå ìÝóù ôïõ
ðñïãñÜììáôïò ñýèìéóçò.</para>
<para>Ìéá Üëëç ðéèáíüôçôá åßíáé ç êÜñôá óáò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï IRQ
9 ôï ïðïßï åßíáé êïéíü ìå ôï IRQ 2 êáé áðïôåëåß óõ÷íÜ ðçãÞ
ðñïâëçìÜôùí (åéäéêÜ áí Ý÷åôå êÜñôá ãñáöéêþí ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï
IRQ 2!). ÐñïóðáèÞóôå, áí åßíáé äõíáôüí, íá áðïöýãåôå åíôåëþò
ôç ÷ñÞóç ôùí IRQ 2 Þ 9.</para>
</answer>
</qandaentry>
<qandaentry>
<question>
<indexterm>
<primary>color</primary>
<secondary>contrast</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>¼ôáí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ôï
<application>sysinstall</application> óå Ýíá ôåñìáôéêü X11, ç
êßôñéíç ãñáììáôïóåéñÜ ðÜíù óôï áíïé÷ôü ãêñé öüíôï åßíáé
äõóáíÜãíùóôç. ÕðÜñ÷åé ôñüðïò íá âåëôéùèåß ç áíôßèåóç óå áõôÞ
ôçí åöáñìïãÞ;</para>
</question>
<answer>
<para>Áí Ý÷åôå Þäç åãêáôåóôçìÝíï ôï X11, êáé ôá ðñïåðéëåãìÝíá
÷ñþìáôá ôïõ <application>sysinstall</application> êÜíïõí ôï
êåßìåíï äõóáíÜãíùóôï óôï &man.xterm.1; Þ ôï &man.rxvt.1;,
ðñïóèÝóôå ôï ðáñáêÜôù óôï <filename>~/.Xdefaults</filename>
ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå Ýíá ðéï óêïýñï ãêñé öüíôï:
<literal>XTerm*color7:#c0c0c0</literal></para>
</answer>
</qandaentry>
</qandaset>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-advanced">
<sect1info>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Valentino</firstname>
<surname>Vaschetto</surname>
<contrib>ÓõíåéóöïñÜ áðü ôïí </contrib>
</author>
<!-- May 2001 -->
</authorgroup>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<firstname>Marc</firstname>
<surname>Fonvieille</surname>
<contrib>Áíáíåþèçêå áðü ôïí </contrib>
</author>
</authorgroup>
<!-- August 2010 -->
</sect1info>
<title>Ïäçãüò ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò ãéá Ðñï÷ùñçìÝíïõò</title>
<para>Ôï ôìÞìá áõôü ðåñéãñÜöåé ðùò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; óå éäéáßôåñá
ìç÷áíÞìáôá Þ / êáé ìå ìç óõíçèéóìÝíïõò ôñüðïõò.</para>
<sect2 id="headless-install">
<title>Åãêáèéóôþíôáò ôï &os; óå Ýíá Óýóôçìá ÷ùñßò Ïèüíç Þ
Ðëçêôñïëüãéï</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>headless (serial console)</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>serial console</primary></indexterm>
<para>Ôï åßäïò áõôü ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò ïíïìÜæåôáé <quote>headless
install (áêÝöáëç åãêáôÜóôáóç)</quote>, åðåéäÞ ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óôï ïðïßï
åãêáèßóôáôáé ôï &os; åßôå äåí Ý÷åé óõíäåìÝíç ïèüíç, åßôå äåí Ý÷åé êáí
Ýîïäï VGA. Áí áíáñùôéÝóôå ðùò åßíáé ðéèáíü êÜôé ôÝôïéï, ãßíåôáé ìå
ôçí ÷ñÞóç óåéñéáêÞò êïíóüëáò. Ç óåéñéáêÞ êïíóüëá âáóéêÜ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß
Ýíá Üëëï ìç÷Üíçìá ôï ïðïßï äñá ùò êýñéá ïèüíç êáé ðëçêôñïëüãéï ãéá ôï
óýóôçìá. Ãéá ôï óêïðü áõôü, áðëþò áêïëïõèÞóôå ôá âÞìáôá ãéá ôçí
äçìéïõñãßá ìéáò USB ìíÞìçò flash, üðùò åîçãåßôáé óôï
<xref linkend="install-boot-media"/> Þ êáôåâÜóôå ôï óùóôü áñ÷åßï ISO
ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç (äåßôå ôï <xref linkend="install-cdrom"/>).</para>
<para>¸ðåéôá, ãéá íá ìåôáôñÝøåôå ôï ìÝóï åãêáôÜóôáóçò þóôå íá îåêéíÜ óå
óå óåéñéáêÞ êïíóüëá, áêïëïõèÞóôå ôá åðüìåíá âÞìáôá (áí ðñüêåéôáé íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå CDROM, ìðïñåßôå íá ðáñáëåßøåôå ôï ðñþôï âÞìá):</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<title>Äçìéïõñãßá USB ÌíÞìçò Flash ãéá ÓåéñéáêÞ Êïíóüëá</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><command>mount</command></primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Áí åðñüêåéôï íá åêêéíÞóåôå áðü ôï USB flash ðïõ ìüëéò
öôéÜîáôå, ôï &os; èá îåêßíáãå óôçí êáíïíéêÞ êáôÜóôáóç
åãêáôÜóôáóçò. ÈÝëïõìå ôï &os; íá îåêéíÞóåé óå óåéñéáêÞ êïíóüëá
ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ìáò. Ãéá íá ôï êÜíåôå áõôü, èá ðñÝðåé íá
ðñïóáñôÞóåôå ôï USB flash óôï &os; óýóôçìá óáò, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò
ôçí åíôïëÞ &man.mount.8;.</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /dev/<replaceable>da0a</replaceable> <replaceable>/mnt</replaceable></userinput></screen>
<note>
<para>Ðñïóáñìüóôå êáôÜëëçëá ôï üíïìá ôçò óõóêåõÞò êáé ôï óçìåßï
ðñïóÜñôçóçò, áíÜëïãá ìå ôï óýóôçìá óáò.</para>
</note>
<para>Ôþñá ðïõ Ý÷åôå ðñïóáñôÞóåé ôç ìíÞìç USB, èá ðñÝðåé íá ôç
ñõèìßóåôå þóôå íá åêêéíåß óôç óåéñéáêÞ êïíóüëá. Èá ðñÝðåé íá
ðñïóèÝóåôå ìéá ãñáììÞ óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>loader.conf</filename>
ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åôáé óôï óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí ôçò USB ìíÞìçò, þóôå íá
ïñßóåôå ôç óåéñéáêÞ êïíóüëá ùò êïíóüëá óõóôÞìáôïò:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>echo 'console="comconsole"' >> <replaceable>/mnt</replaceable>/boot/loader.conf</userinput></screen>
<para>Ôþñá ðïõ Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé óùóôÜ ôç ìíÞìç USB, ðñÝðåé íá ôçí
áðïðñïóáñôÞóåôå, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí åíôïëÞ
&man.umount.8;:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>umount <replaceable>/mnt</replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå ôþñá íá áöáéñÝóåôå ôç ìíÞìç USB. Óõíå÷ßóôå ìå ôéò
ðáñáêÜôù ïäçãßåò, îåêéíþíôáò áðü ôï ôñßôï âÞìá.</para>
</step>
<step>
<title>Åíåñãïðïßçóç ôçò ÓåéñéáêÞò Êïíóüëáò ìÝóù ôïõ CD
ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><command>mount</command></primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Áí åðñüêåéôï íá åêêéíÞóåôå áðü ôï CD ðïõ äçìéïõñãÞóáôå áðü
ôï ISO áñ÷åßï ðïõ êáôåâÜóáôå (äåßôå ôï <xref
linkend="install-cdrom"/>), ôï &os; èá îåêéíïýóå êáíïíéêÜ
êáé èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýóå ôç óõíÞèç ìÝèïäï åãêáôÜóôáóçò. ÈÝëïõìå
ùóôüóï íá îåêéíÞóïõìå óå êáôÜóôáóç óåéñéáêÞò êïíóüëáò ãéá ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç. Ãéá íá ãßíåé áõôü, èá ðñÝðåé íá åîÜãïõìå ôá
áñ÷åßá ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé ôï ISO, íá áëëÜîïõìå êÜðïéá áðü áõôÜ êáé
íá ôï áíáäçìéïõñãÞóïõìå ðñéí ôï ãñÜøïõìå óå êáíïíéêü CD.</para>
<para>Óôï &os; óýóôçìá ðïõ Ý÷åôå áðïèçêåýóåé ôï áñ÷éêü ISO, ð.÷.
<filename>&os;-<replaceable>&rel.current;</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>i386</replaceable>-disc1.iso</filename>
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôçí åíôïëÞ &man.tar.1; ãéá íá êÜíåôå åîáãùãÞ ôùí
áñ÷åßùí ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir <replaceable>/path/to/headless-iso</replaceable></userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>tar -C <replaceable>/path/to/headless-iso</replaceable> -pxvf &os;-<replaceable>&rel.current;</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>i386</replaceable>-disc1.iso</userinput></screen>
<para>Èá ðñÝðåé ôþñá íá áëëÜîïõìå ôï ìÝóï åãêáôÜóôáóçò þóôå íá
îåêéíÜåé óå óåéñéáêÞ êïíóüëá. Èá ðñÝðåé íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ìéá
ãñáììÞ óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>loader.conf</filename> ðïõ
áíáêôÞóáôå áðü ôï áñ÷åßï ISO, þóôå íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôçí
óåéñéáêÞ êïíóüëá ùò êïíóüëá óõóôÞìáôïò:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>echo 'console="comconsole"' >> <replaceable>/path/to/headless-iso</replaceable>/boot/loader.conf</userinput></screen>
<para>Ìðïñïýìå Ýðåéôá íá äçìéïõñãÞóïõìå Ýíá íÝï áñ÷åßï ISO ðïõ
íá ðåñéëáìâÜíåé ôéò ôñïðïðïéÞóåéò ìáò. Ãéá ôï óêïðü áõôü èá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóïõìå ôï åñãáëåßï &man.mkisofs.8; ôï ïðïßï
ðåñéëáìâÜíåôáé óôï port <filename
role="package">sysutils/cdrtools</filename>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mkisofs -v -b boot/cdboot -no-emul-boot -r -J -V "<replaceable>Headless_install</replaceable>" \
-o <replaceable>Headless-</replaceable>&os;-<replaceable>&rel.current;</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>i386</replaceable>-disc1.iso <replaceable>/path/to/headless-iso</replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå ôþñá íá ãñÜøåôå ôï íÝï áñ÷åßï ISO óå CD,
÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí åöáñìïãÞ åããñáöÞò ðïõ ðñïôéìÜôå.</para>
</step>
<step>
<title>ÓõíäÝïíôáò Êáëþäéï Ôýðïõ Null-modem</title>
<indexterm><primary>null-modem cable</primary></indexterm>
<para>×ñåéÜæåôáé ôþñá íá óõíäÝóåôå Ýíá êáëþäéï ôýðïõ
<link linkend="term-cables-null">null-modem </link> ìåôáîý ôùí
äýï ìç÷áíçìÜôùí. Áðëþò óõíäÝóôå ôï êáëþäéï óôéò óåéñéáêÝò ðüñôåò
ôùí äýï ìç÷áíçìÜôùí. <emphasis>Äåí ðñüêåéôáé íá äïõëÝøåé
êáíïíéêü óåéñéáêü êáëþäéï</emphasis>, ÷ñåéÜæåôáé êáëþäéï ôýðïõ
null modem, üðïõ êÜðïéá áðü ôá æåýãç êáëùäßùí äéáóôáõñþíïíôáé
åóùôåñéêÜ.</para>
</step>
<step>
<title>Åêêßíçóç ãéá ôçí ÅãêáôÜóôáóç</title>
<para>¸÷åé Ýñèåé ç þñá íá ðñï÷ùñÞóïõìå óôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç. ÓõíäÝóôå
ôç USB ìíÞìç flash óôï ìç÷Üíçìá ðïõ èÝëåôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ÷ùñßò
ïèüíç êáé ðëçêôñïëüãéï êáé åíåñãïðïéÞóôå ôï. Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï CD ðïõ åôïéìÜóáôå, åíåñãïðïéÞóôå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá
êáé ôïðïèåôÞóôå ôï CD óôïí ïäçãü CDROM.</para>
</step>
<step>
<title>Óõíäåèåßôå ìå ôï Headless Ìç÷Üíçìá</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><command>cu</command></primary>
</indexterm>
<para>Èá ðñÝðåé ôþñá íá óõíäåèåßôå ìå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò,
÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí &man.cu.1;:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cu -l /dev/cuau0</userinput></screen>
<para>Óôï &os; 7.<replaceable>X</replaceable> ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå
ôçí ðáñáêÜôù åíôïëÞ:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cu -l /dev/cuad0</userinput></screen>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>Áõôü åßíáé! Ìðïñåßôå ôþñá íá åëÝãîåôå ôï headless ìç÷Üíçìá ìÝóù
ôçò óýíäåóçò <command>cu</command>. ÌåôÜ ôç öüñôùóç ôïõ ðõñÞíá,
èá óáò æçôçèåß íá åðéëÝîåôå ôï åßäïò ôïõ ôåñìáôéêïý ðïõ èá
÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß. ÅðéëÝîôå ôçí Ýã÷ñùìç êïíóüëá (&os; color console)
êáé óõíå÷ßóôå ìå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç óáò.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="install-diff-media">
<title>ÐñïåôïéìÜæïíôáò ôá ÄéêÜ óáò ÌÝóá ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò</title>
<note>
<para>Ãéá íá áðïöýãïõìå ôçí åðáíÜëçøç, ëÝãïíôáò
<quote>&os; CD-ROM</quote> óôï ôìÞìá áõôü, åííïïýìå Ýíá CD-ROM Þ DVD
ôïõ &os; ðïõ Ý÷åôå áãïñÜóåé Þ äçìéïõñãÞóåé ìüíïò óáò.</para>
</note>
<para>ÕðÜñ÷ïõí êÜðïéåò ðåñéðôþóåéò óôéò ïðïßåò ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå
ôá äéêÜ óáò ìÝóá Þ ðçãÝò åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôïõ &os;. Ìðïñåß íá åßíáé öõóéêÜ
ìÝóá, üðùò ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá ìéá ôáéíßá, Þ ðçãÝò ðïõ ìðïñåß íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé ôï <application>sysinstall</application> ãéá íá áíáêôÞóåé
ôá áñ÷åßá, üðùò ð.÷. ìéá ôïðéêÞ ôïðïèåóßá FTP, Þ ìéá êáôÜôìçóç
&ms-dos;</para>
<para>Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>¸÷åôå ðïëëÜ ìç÷áíÞìáôá óõíäåìÝíá óôï ôïðéêü óáò äßêôõï, êáé Ýíá
ìüíï CD-ROM ôïõ &os;. ÈÝëåôå íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá ôïðéêÞ ôïðïèåóßá
FTP ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôïõ &os; CD-ROM, êáé Ýðåéôá íá
ñõèìßóåôå ôá ìç÷áíÞìáôá óáò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí áõôü ôï FTP site áíôß
ãéá íá óõíäÝïíôáé óôï Internet.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>¸÷åôå Ýíá CD-ROM ôïõ &os; áëëÜ ôï &os; äåí áíáãíùñßæåé ôï ïäçãü
óáò CD/DVD, åíþ ôï &ms-dos; / &windows; ôï áíáãíùñßæåé. ÈÝëåôå íá
áíôéãñÜøåôå ôá áñ÷åßá ôïõ &os; óå ìéá êáôÜôìçóç &ms-dos; óôï ßäéï
ìç÷Üíçìá êáé íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò áõôÜ ôá
áñ÷åßá.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Ï õðïëïãéóôÞò ðïõ èÝëåôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå äåí Ý÷åé ïäçãü CD/DVD
Þ êÜñôá äéêôýïõ, áëëÜ ìðïñåßôå íá óõíäÝóåôå Ýíá óåéñéáêü Þ
ðáñÜëëçëï êáëþäéï ôýðïõ <quote>Laplink</quote> ðñïò Ýíá õðïëïãéóôÞ
ðïõ äéáèÝôåé.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>ÈÝëåôå íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá ôáéíßá, ðïõ ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß
ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="install-cdrom">
<title>Äçìéïõñãþíôáò Ýíá CD-ROM ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò</title>
<para>Ùò ôìÞìá êÜèå Ýêäïóçò, ôï &os; project äçìéïõñãåß äýï åéêüíåò
CD-ROM (<quote>ISO image</quote>). Ïé åéêüíåò áõôÝò ìðïñïýí íá
ãñáöïýí óå CD áí Ý÷åôå åããñáöÝá CD-ROM, êáé áêïëïýèùò íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéçèïýí ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;. Áí Ý÷åôå åããñáöÝá
CD-ROM êáé ãñÞãïñç óýíäåóç óôï Internet, áõôüò åßíáé ï åõêïëüôåñïò
ôñüðïò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os;.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<title>ÊáôåâÜóôå ôá ÓùóôÜ ISO Images</title>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå íá êáôåâÜóåôå ôá ISO images ãéá êÜèå Ýêäïóç áðü ôçí
ôïðïèåóßá
<filename>ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ISO-IMAGES-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>/<replaceable>version</replaceable></filename>
Þ ôï ðëçóéÝóôåñï óå óáò mirror.
ÕðïêáôáóôÞóôå ôï <replaceable>arch</replaceable> êáé
<replaceable>version</replaceable> üðùò áðáéôåßôáé.</para>
<para>Ï êáôÜëïãïò èá ðåñéÝ÷åé öõóéïëïãéêÜ ôá áêüëïõèá images:</para>
<table frame="none">
<title>Ïíïìáôïëïãßá êáé ÅðåîçãÞóåéò ôùí ISO Images ãéá FreeBSD 7.<replaceable>X</replaceable> êáé 8.<replaceable>X</replaceable></title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>¼íïìá Áñ÷åßïõ</entry>
<entry>Ðåñéå÷üìåíá</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-bootonly.iso</filename></entry>
<entry>Áõôü ôï áñ÷åßï ISO óáò åðéôñÝðåé íá åêêéíÞóåôå ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù CDROM, áëëÜ äåí ðåñéÝ÷åé ôç äõíáôüôçôá
íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; ìüíï ìÝóù ôïõ CD. Èá ðñÝðåé
íá êÜíåôå åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù äéêôýïõ (ð.÷. ìÝóù åíüò
åîõðçñåôçôÞ FTP) ìåôÜ ôçí åêêßíçóç áðü ôï CD.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-dvd1.iso.gz</filename></entry>
<entry>Áõôü ôï áñ÷åßï ISO, ìåãÝèïõò DVD, ðåñéÝ÷åé üëá
ôá áðáéôïýìåíá áñ÷åßá ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç åíüò âáóéêïý
óõóôÞìáôïò &os;, êáèþò êáé ìéá óõëëïãÞ áðü Ýôïéìá
ðáêÝôá êáé ôåêìçñßùóç. Õðïóôçñßæåé åðßóçò åêêßíçóç
óå êáôÜóôáóç <quote>livefs</quote> ç ïðïßá åßíáé ÷ñÞóéìç
óå ðåñßðôùóç ðïõ èÝëåôå íá äéïñèþóåôå ðñïâëÞìáôá êÜðïéáò
õðÜñ÷ïõóáò åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-memstick.img</filename></entry>
<entry>Ìðïñåßôå íá ãñÜøåôå áõôÞ ôçí åéêüíá óå ìéá USB ìíÞìç
flash êáé íá ôç ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå
&os; óå ìç÷áíÞìáôá ðïõ õðïóôçñßæïõí åêêßíçóç áðü ïäçãïýò
USB. Õðïóôçñßæåôáé åðßóçò åêêßíçóç óå êáôÜóôáóç
<quote>livefs</quote>. ÐåñéÝ÷åé ôá ðáêÝôá ôçò
ôåêìçñßùóçò, áëëÜ äåí ðåñéÝ÷åé Üëëá ðáêÝôá ðñïò
åãêáôÜóôáóç. Ôï áñ÷åßï áõôü äåí äéáôßèåôáé ãéá
&os; 7.<replaceable>X</replaceable>.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-disc1.iso</filename></entry>
<entry>Ôï ISO áõôü ðåñéÝ÷åé ôï âáóéêü óýóôçìá ôïõ &os; êáé
ôá ðáêÝôá ôçò ôåêìçñßùóçò. Äåí ðåñéÝ÷åé Üëëá ðáêÝôá
ðñïò åãêáôÜóôáóç.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-disc2.iso</filename></entry>
<entry>Áõôü ôï ISO ðåñéÝ÷åé üóï ðáêÝôá åöáñìïãþí ìðïñïýí
íá ÷ùñÝóïõí óôï äéáèÝóéìï ÷þñï ôïõ. Äåí äéáôßèåôáé ãéá
&os; 8.<replaceable>X</replaceable>.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-disc3.iso</filename></entry>
<entry>Áêüìá Ýíá ISO ôï ïðïßï ðåñéÝ÷åé üóá ðáêÝôá ìðïñïýí
íá ÷ùñÝóïõí óôï äéáèÝóéìï ÷þñï ôïõ. Äåí äéáôßèåôáé ãéá
&os; 8.0 êáé ìåôáãåíÝóôåñåò åêäüóåéò.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-docs.iso</filename></entry>
<entry>H ôåêìçñßùóç ôïõ &os;. Áõôü ôï ISO äåí äéáôßèåôáé
ãéá ôï &os; 8.<replaceable>version</replaceable>.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><filename>&os;-<replaceable>version</replaceable>-RELEASE-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>-livefs.iso</filename></entry>
<entry>Áõôü ôï ISO ðáñÝ÷åé õðïóôÞñéîç ãéá åêêßíçóç óå
êáôÜóôáóç <quote>livefs</quote> (ãéá ëåéôïõñãßåò
áíÜêôçóçò) áëëÜ äåí õðïóôçñßæåé åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ
ëåéôïõñãéêïý áðü áõôü.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<note>
<para>Ïé åêäüóåéò ôïõ êëÜäïõ 7.<replaceable>X</replaceable>
ðñéí áðü ôï &os; 7.3 êáé ïé åêäüóåéò ôïõ êëÜäïõ
8.<replaceable>×</replaceable> ðñéí áðü ôï &os; 8.0
÷ñçóéìïðïéïýóáí äéáöïñåôéêÞ ïíïìáôïëïãßá áñ÷åßùí. Ôï üíïìá
ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ ISO óå áõôÝò ôéò åêäüóåéò äåí îåêéíÜåé ìå
<literal>&os;-</literal>.</para>
</note>
<para>Èá <emphasis>ðñÝðåé</emphasis> íá êáôåâÜóåôå åßôå ôï
<literal>bootonly</literal> ISO, åßôå ôï
<literal>disc1</literal>. Ìçí êáôåâÜóåôå êáé ôá äýï, êáèþò ôï
<literal>disc1</literal> ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá ðÜíôá ðïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé êáé ôï
<literal>bootonly</literal>.</para>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï <literal>bootonly</literal> áí Ý÷åôå
öèçíÞ êáé ãñÞãïñç ðñüóâáóç óôï Internet. Èá óáò åðéôñÝøåé íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï &os; êáé ìðïñåßôå Ýðåéôá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå
åöáñìïãÝò ôñßôùí êáôáóêåõáóôþí ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåóôå, êáôåâÜæïíôáò ôéò
ìÝóù ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò ðáêÝôùí êáé ports (äåßôå ôï <xref
linkend="ports"/>).</para>
<para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï <literal>dvd1</literal> áí èÝëåôå íá
åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ìéá Ýêäïóç ôïõ &os; êáé èÝëåôå ôáõôü÷ñïíá íá Ý÷åôå
óôï ßäéï DVD êáé ìéá óåâáóôÞ óõëëïãÞ áðü ðáêÝôá ôñßôïõ
êáôáóêåõáóôÞ.</para>
<para>Ôá ðñüóèåôá CD-ROM åßíáé ÷ñÞóéìá áëëÜ ü÷é áðáñáßôçôá,
åéäéêÜ áí Ý÷åôå ðñüóâáóç õøçëÞò ôá÷ýôçôáò óôï Internet.</para>
</step>
<step>
<title>ÃñÜøôå ôá CD</title>
<para>ÐñÝðåé êáôüðéí íá ãñÜøåôå ôéò åéêüíåò (images) ôùí CD óå
Üäåéá CD. Áí ôï êÜíåôå áõôü óå Üëëï &os; óýóôçìá, äåßôå ôï
<xref linkend="creating-cds"/> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò
(åéäéêüôåñá, <xref linkend="burncd"/> êáé
<xref linkend="cdrecord"/>).</para>
<para>Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå Üëëï ëåéôïõñãéêü ãéá ôçí
åñãáóßá áõôÞ, èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôéò äõíáôüôçôåò ðïõ
ðáñÝ÷ïíôáé áðü ôá áíôßóôïé÷á ðñïãñÜììáôá åããñáöÞò CD ôïõ
ëåéôïõñãéêïý áõôïý. Ôá images ðïõ ðáñÝ÷ïíôáé åßíáé óå
óôÜíôáñ ISO ìïñöÞ êáé õðïóôçñßæïíôáé áðåõèåßáò áðü ðïëëÝò
åöáñìïãÝò åããñáöÞò CD.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<note><para>Áí åíäéáöÝñåóôå íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá åîåéäéêåõìÝíç Ýêäïóç
ôïõ &os;, äåßôå ôï <ulink
url="&url.articles.releng;">Release Engineering Article</ulink>.</para></note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-ftp">
<title>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå ìéá ÔïðéêÞ FTP Ôïðïèåóßá ìå ôï CD-ROM
ôïõ &os;</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>network</secondary>
<tertiary>FTP</tertiary>
</indexterm>
<para>Ôá CD-ROM ôïõ &os; Ý÷ïõí ôçí ßäéá äïìÞ ìå ôçí ôïðïèåóßá FTP. Ãéá
ôï ëüãï áõôü åßíáé ðïëý åýêïëï íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá ôïðéêÞ ôïðïèåóßá
FTP ðïõ íá ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß áðü Üëëá ìç÷áíÞìáôá ôïõ äéêôýïõ
óáò êáôÜ ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ &os;.</para>
<procedure>
<step>
<para>Óôï &os; ìç÷Üíçìá ðïõ èá öéëïîåíÞóåé ôçí FTP ôïðïèåóßá,
âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ôï CD-ROM åßíáé ìÝóá óôïí ïäçãü êáé Ý÷åé ãßíåé
ðñïóÜñôçóç ôïõ óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>/cdrom</filename>.</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount /cdrom</userinput></screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå Ýíá ëïãáñéáóìü ãéá áíþíõìï FTP óôï
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename>. Ãéá ôï óêïðü áõôü,
åðåîåñãáóôåßôå ôï áñ÷åßï
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï &man.vipw.8;
êáé ðñïóèÝôïíôáò ôçí áêüëïõèç ãñáììÞ:</para>
<programlisting>ftp:*:99:99::0:0:FTP:/cdrom:/nonexistent</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
<para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé åßíáé åíåñãïðïéçìÝíç ç õðçñåóßá FTP óôï
<filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<para>ÏðïéïóäÞðïôå Ý÷åé ôþñá äéêôõáêÞ óýíäåóç ìå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò, ìðïñåß
ôþñá íá åðéëÝîåé ùò ìÝóï åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôï FTP êáé íá ãñÜøåé
<userinput>ftp://<replaceable>your machine</replaceable></userinput>
áöïý åðéëÝîåé <quote>Other</quote> óôï ìåíïý FTP sites êáôÜ ôçí
äéÜñêåéá ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<note>
<para>Áí ôï ìÝóï åêêßíçóçò (óõíÞèùò äéóêÝôåò) ãéá ôïõò ðåëÜôåò FTP äåí
åßíáé áêñéâþò ç ßäéá Ýêäïóç ìå áõôÞ ðïõ ðáñÝ÷åôáé áðü ôï ôïðéêü FTP,
ç åöáñìïãÞ <application>sysinstall</application> äåí èá óáò
åðéôñÝøåé íá ïëïêëçñþóåôå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç. Áí ïé åêäüóåéò äåí åßíáé
üìïéåò êáé åðéèõìåßôå íá ðñïóðåñÜóåôå áõôü ôïí ðåñéïñéóìü, èá
ðñÝðåé íá ðÜôå óôï ìåíïý <guimenu>Options</guimenu> êáé íá áëëÜîåôå
ôï üíïìá ôçò äéáíïìÞò (distribution name) óå
<guimenuitem>any</guimenuitem>.</para>
</note>
<warning>
<para>Ç ðáñáðÜíù ôáêôéêÞ åßíáé êáôÜëëçëç ãéá Ýíá ìç÷Üíçìá ðïõ åßíáé
óôï ôïðéêü óáò äßêôõï êáé ðñïóôáôåýåôáé áðü firewall. Áí ðñïóöÝñåôå
õðçñåóßåò FTP óå Üëëá ìç÷áíÞìáôá óôï Internet (êáé ü÷é óôï ôïðéêü
óáò äßêôõï) èá åêèÝóåôå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò óå crackers êáé Üëëïõò
áíåðéèýìçôïõò. Áí ôï êÜíåôå áõôü, óáò óõíéóôïýìå ïðùóäÞðïôå íá
áêïëïõèÞóåôå óùóôÝò ôáêôéêÝò áóöáëåßáò.</para>
</warning>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Äçìéïõñãþíôáò ÄéóêÝôåò ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>floppies</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Áí èá ðñÝðåé íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå áðü äéóêÝôåò (ôï ïðïßï óáò
óõíéóôïýìå íá <emphasis>ìçí</emphasis> êÜíåôå), åßôå ëüãù ìç
õðïóôçñéæüìåíïõ õëéêïý, åßôå áðëþò åðåéäÞ åðéìÝíåôå íá êÜíåôå ôá
ðñÜãìáôá ìå ôï äýóêïëï ôñüðï, èá ðñÝðåé ðñþôá íá ðñïåôïéìÜóåôå êÜðïéåò
äéóêÝôåò ãéá ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<para>ÊáôÜ åëÜ÷éóôï, èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå ôüóåò äéóêÝôåò 1.44 MB
üóåò ÷ñåéÜæïíôáé ãéá íá êñáôÞóïõí üëá ôá áñ÷åßá ôïõ
êáôáëüãïõ <filename>base</filename> (base distribution). Áí
ðñïåôïéìÜæåôå ôéò äéóêÝôåò áðü ôï &ms-dos;, èá
<emphasis>ðñÝðåé</emphasis> íá ôéò äéáìïñöþóåôå ìå ôçí åíôïëÞ ôïõ
&ms-dos; <command>FORMAT</command>. Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå &windows;,
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôïí Explorer ãéá íá äéáìïñöþóåôå ôéò äéóêÝôåò
(äåîß êëéê óôïí ïäçãü <devicename>A:</devicename> êáé åðéëÝîôå
<quote>Format (Äéáìüñöùóç)</quote>).</para>
<para>Íá <emphasis>ìçí</emphasis> åìðéóôåýåóôå ôéò ðñïäéáìïñöùìÝíåò
áðü ôï åñãïóôÜóéï äéóêÝôåò. Íá ôéò äéáìïñöþóåôå îáíÜ åóåßò ãéá íá
åßóôå óßãïõñïò. ÐïëëÜ ðñïâëÞìáôá ðïõ Ý÷ïõí áíáöåñèåß áðü ÷ñÞóôåò
óôï ðáñåëèüí Ý÷ïõí ðñïêýøåé áðü ôç ÷ñÞóç áêáôÜëëçëá äéáìïñöùìÝíùí
ìÝóùí, êáé ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü ôï ôïíßæïõìå éäéáßôåñá ôþñá.</para>
<para>Áí äçìéïõñãåßôå ôéò äéóêÝôåò óå Üëëï ìç÷Üíçìá &os; ç äéáìüñöùóç
äåí åßíáé Üó÷çìç éäÝá, áí êáé äå ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå óýóôçìá
áñ÷åßùí &ms-dos; óå êÜèå ìéá. Ìðïñåßôå áíôß ãéá áõôü, íá
÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôéò åíôïëÝò <command>bsdlabel</command> êáé
<command>newfs</command> ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí UFS
óå áõôÝò, üðùò öáßíåôáé áðü ôçí ðáñáêÜôù áêïëïõèßá åíôïëþí:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>fdformat -f 1440 fd0.1440</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>bsdlabel -w fd0.1440 floppy3</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>newfs -t 2 -u 18 -l 1 -i 65536 /dev/fd0</userinput></screen>
<para>Ìðïñåßôå Ýðåéôá íá ôéò ðñïóáñôÞóåôå êáé íá ôéò ãñÜøåôå óáí
ïðïéïäÞðïôå Üëëï óýóôçìá áñ÷åßùí.</para>
<para>Áöïý äéáìïñöþóåôå ôéò äéóêÝôåò, èá ðñÝðåé íá ãñÜøåôå ôá áñ÷åßá
óå áõôÝò. Ôá áñ÷åßá ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò åßíáé êïììÝíá óå ôìÞìáôá ìå
êáôÜëëçëï ìÝãåèïò þóôå ðÝíôå áðü áõôÜ íá ÷ùñÜíå óå ìéá óõíçèéóìÝíç
äéóêÝôá 1.44 MB. ÄéáôñÝîôå üëåò ôéò äéóêÝôåò óáò, ãñÜöïíôáò óå
êÜèå ìéá üóá áñ÷åßá ÷ùñÜíå, ìÝ÷ñé íá ãñÜøåôå üëá ôá distribution
sets ðïõ åðéèõìåßôå ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü. ÊÜèå distribution set èá
ðñÝðåé íá áðïèçêåõôåß óå Ýíá õðïêáôÜëïãï ôçò äéóêÝôáò, ð.÷.:
<filename>a:\base\base.aa</filename>,
<filename>a:\base\base.ab</filename>, ê.ï.ê.</para>
<important>
<para>Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>base.inf</filename> ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá
âñßóêåôáé óôçí ðñþôç äéóêÝôá ôïõ óåô <filename>base</filename>
êáèþò ôï ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ôï ÷ñåéÜæåôáé ãéá íá ãíùñßæåé ðüóá
åðéðëÝïí ôìÞìáôá áñ÷åßùí ðñÝðåé íá äéáâÜóåé êáé íá óõíåíþóåé ãéá
ôï ó÷çìáôéóìü ôçò äéáíïìÞò.</para>
</important>
<para>¼ôáí öôÜóåôå óôçí ïèüíç Media êáôÜ ôç äéáäéêáóßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò,
åðéëÝîôå <guimenuitem>Floppy</guimenuitem> êáé èá åñùôçèåßôå ãéá
ôá õðüëïéðá.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-msdos">
<title>ÅãêáôÜóôáóç áðü ÊáôÜôìçóç &ms-dos;</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>from MS-DOS</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Ãéá íá ðñïåôïéìáóôåßôå ãéá ìéá åãêáôÜóôáóç áðü êáôÜôìçóç
&ms-dos;, áíôéãñÜøôå ôá áñ÷åßá ôçò äéáíïìÞò óå Ýíá êáôÜëïãï ðïõ èá
ïíïìÜóåôå <filename>freebsd</filename> óôï ñéæéêü êáôÜëïãï ôçò
êáôÜôìçóçò. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, <filename>c:\freebsd</filename>. Ç
äïìÞ ôùí êáôáëüãùí ôïõ CDROM Þ ôçò ôïðïèåóßáò FTP èá ðñÝðåé íá
áíáðáñá÷èåß ìåñéêþò ìÝóá óå áõôü ôïí êáôÜëïãï, ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü
óáò óõíéóôïýìå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ
<command>xcopy</command> áí êÜíåôå ôçí áíôéãñáöÞ áðü CD.
Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ãéá íá ðñïåôïéìÜóåôå ìéá åëÜ÷éóôç åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ
&os;:</para>
<screen><prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>md c:\freebsd</userinput>
<prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>xcopy e:\bin c:\freebsd\bin\ /s</userinput>
<prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>xcopy e:\manpages c:\freebsd\manpages\ /s</userinput></screen>
<para>õðïèÝôïíôáò üôé ï äéáèÝóéìïò åëåýèåñïò ÷þñïò óáò âñßóêåôáé óôï
<devicename>C:</devicename> êáé ç ìïíÜäá óáò CDROM åßíáé óôï
<devicename>E:</devicename>.</para>
<para>Áí äåí Ý÷åôå ïäçãü CDROM, ìðïñåßôå íá êáôåâÜóåôå ôçí äéáíïìÞ
áðü ôçí ôïðïèåóßá <ulink
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/&rel.current;-RELEASE/">ftp.FreeBSD.org</ulink>.
ÊÜèå distribution set åßíáé óôï äéêü ôïõ êáôÜëïãï. Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá
ôï óåô <emphasis>base</emphasis> ìðïñåß íá âñåèåß óôïí êáôÜëïãï
<ulink
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/&rel.current;-RELEASE/base/">&rel.current;/base/</ulink>.</para>
<para>Ãéá üóá distribution set èÝëåôå íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå áðü ìéá
êáôÜôìçóç &ms-dos; (êáé ãéá ôá ïðïßá Ý÷åôå äéáèÝóéìï åëåýèåñï ÷þñï),
åãêáôáóôÞóôå ôá êÜôù áðü ôï <filename>c:\freebsd</filename> —
To óåô <literal>BIN</literal> åßíáé ôï ìüíï ðïõ áðáéôåßôáé ãéá ìéá
åëÜ÷éóôç åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Äçìéïõñãþíôáò Ôáéíßá ÅãêáôÜóôáóçò</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>from QIC/SCSI Tape</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç áðü ôáéíßá, åßíáé ßóùò ç åõêïëüôåñç ìÝèïäïò åêôüò
áðü ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù FTP Þ CDROM. Ôï ðñüãñáììá åãêáôÜóôáóçò
áðëþò áíáìÝíåé ôá áñ÷åßá íá Ý÷ïõí ãñáöôåß óôçí ôáéíßá ìå ìïñöÞ tar.
Áöïý åðéëÝîåôå ôá óåô åãêáôÜóôáóçò ðïõ óáò åíäéáöÝñïõí, áðëþò êÜíôå
ôá tar óôçí ôáéíßá:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /freebsd/distdir</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>tar cvf /dev/rwt0 dist1 ... dist2</userinput></screen>
<para>¼ôáí êÜíåôå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç, èá ðñÝðåé íá âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå
áöÞóåé áñêåôü åëåýèåñï ÷þñï óå êÜðïéï ðñïóùñéíü êáôÜëïãï (ôïí ïðïßï
èá ìðïñÝóåôå íá åðéëÝîåôå) ãéá íá ÷ùñÝóåé ôá
<emphasis>ðëÞñç</emphasis> ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôçò ôáéíßáò ðïõ Ý÷åôå
äçìéïõñãÞóåé. Åîáéôßáò ôçò öýóçò ôçò ôáéíßáò, ðïõ äåí åðéôñÝðåé
ôõ÷áßá ðñüóâáóç, áõôÞ ç ìÝèïäïò åãêáôÜóôáóçò ÷ñåéÜæåôáé áñêåôü
ðñïóùñéíü ÷þñï áðïèÞêåõóçò.</para>
<note>
<para>Êáèþò îåêéíÜôå ôçí åãêáôÜóôáóç, ç ôáéíßá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé óôïí
ïäçãü <emphasis>ðñéí</emphasis> îåêéíÞóåôå áðü ôç äéóêÝôá
åêêßíçóçò. ÄéáöïñåôéêÜ, ìðïñåß íá áðïôý÷åé ç áíß÷íåõóç ôçò áðü ôç
äéáäéêáóßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Ðñéí ÅãêáôáóôÞóåôå ìÝóù Äéêôýïõ</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>network</secondary>
<tertiary>serial (PPP)</tertiary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>network</secondary>
<tertiary>parallel (PLIP)</tertiary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>network</secondary>
<tertiary>Ethernet</tertiary>
</indexterm>
<para>ÕðÜñ÷ïõí ôñåéò äéáèÝóéìïé ôýðïé äéêôõáêÞò åãêáôÜóôáóçò.
Ethernet (ôõðïðïéçìÝíïò åëåãêôÞò Ethernet),
ÓåéñéáêÞò Èýñáò (PPP), ÐáñÜëëçëçò Èýñáò
(PLIP (êáëþäéï laplink)).</para>
<para>Ãéá ôçí ãñçãïñüôåñç äõíáôÞ åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù äéêôýïõ,
Ýíáò åëåãêôÞò Ethernet åßíáé ðÜíôá êáëÞ åðéëïãÞ! Ôï &os; õðïóôçñßæåé
ôéò ðåñéóóüôåñåò êïéíÝò êÜñôåò Ethernet. Ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå Ýíá
ðßíáêá ôùí õðïóôçñéæüìåíùí êáñôþí (êáé ôéò áðáéôïýìåíåò ñõèìßóåéò
ôïõò) óôéò Óçìåéþóåéò Õëéêïý (Hardware Notes) êÜèå Ýêäïóçò &os;. Áí
÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå êÜðïéá áðü ôéò õðïóôçñéæüìåíåò êÜñôåò Ethernet PCMCIA
âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ôçí Ý÷åôå âÜëåé óôçí õðïäï÷Þ
<emphasis>ðñéí</emphasis> åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôï öïñçôü õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò!
Ôï &os; äåí õðïóôçñßæåé äõóôõ÷þò áõôÞ ôç óôéãìÞ ôçí åðéôüðïõ
åéóáãùãÞ êáñôþí PCMCIA êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<para>èá ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá îÝñåôå ãéá ôï äßêôõï óáò, ôç äéåýèõíóç IP
óáò, ôçí ôéìÞ ôçò ìÜóêáò õðïäéêôýïõ (netmask) ãéá ôç êëÜóç ôïõ
äéêôýïõ óáò, êáé ôï üíïìá ôïõ ìç÷áíÞìáôïò óáò. Áí êÜíåôå åãêáôÜóôáóç
ìÝóù óýíäåóçò PPP êáé äåí Ý÷åôå óôáôéêÞ äéåýèõíóç, ìçí áíçóõ÷åßôå
êáèþò ï ISP óáò ìðïñåß íá óáò äþóåé äéåýèõíóç äõíáìéêÜ. Ï
äéá÷åéñéóôÞò ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò óáò, ìðïñåß íá óáò äþóåé ôéò ôéìÝò ðïõ
ðñÝðåé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ãéá ôï äßêôõï óáò. Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá
áíáöåñèåßôå óå Üëëá ìç÷áíÞìáôá ìå ÷ñÞóç ôïõ ïíüìáôïò ôïõò áíôß ãéá
ôçí äéåýèõíóç IP ôïõò, èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå åðßóçò Ýíá äéáêïìéóôÞ ïíïìÜôùí
(DNS) êáé ðéèáíüí ôç äéåýèõíóç ìéáò ðýëçò (gateway) (áí
÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå PPP, ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ôç äéåýèõíóç IP ôïõ ðáñï÷Ýá óáò)
ãéá íá åðéêïéíùíÞóåôå ìå áõôüí. Áí èÝëåôå íá êÜíåôå FTP åãêáôÜóôáóç
äéáìÝóïõ ìåóïëáâçôÞ HTTP, èá ðñÝðåé íá îÝñåôå åðßóçò ôç äéåýèõíóç
ôïõ ìåóïëáâçôÞ (proxy).
Áí äåí îÝñåôå ôéò áðáíôÞóåéò óå üëåò Þ ôéò ðåñéóóüôåñåò áðü áõôÝò
ôéò áðáíôÞóåéò, èá ðñÝðåé ðñÜãìáôé íá ìéëÞóåôå óôï äéá÷åéñéóôÞ ôïõ
óõóôÞìáôïò óáò Þ ôïí ISP óáò <emphasis>ðñéí</emphasis> åðé÷åéñÞóåôå
áõôü ôïí ôýðï åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå modem, ôüôå ôï PPP åßíáé ó÷åäüí óßãïõñá ç ìüíç
óáò åðéëïãÞ. Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå Üìåóá äéáèÝóéìåò ôéò ðëçñïöïñßåò
ãéá ôïí ðáñï÷Ýá óáò, êáèþò èá ôéò ÷ñåéáóôåßôå ó÷åôéêÜ íùñßò óôç
äéáäéêáóßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò.</para>
<para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå PAP Þ CHAP ãéá íá óõíäåèåßôå ìå ôïí ISP óáò
(ìå Üëëá ëüãéá, ìðïñåßôå óôá &windows; íá óõíäåèåßôå ìå ôïí ISP óáò
÷ùñßò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå script), ôüôå ôï ìüíï ðïõ èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå
åßíáé íá ãñÜøåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>dial</command> óôçí ðñïôñïðÞ
ôçò åöáñìïãÞò <application>ppp</application>. ÄéáöïñåôéêÜ, èá
ðñÝðåé íá îÝñåôå ðùò íá êáëÝóåôå ôïí ISP óáò, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò
åíôïëÝò <quote>AT commands</quote> ïé ïðïßåò åßíáé óõãêåêñéìÝíåò ãéá
ôï modem óáò, êáèþò ôï ðñüãñáììá êëÞóåùí ôïõ PPP (dialer) ðáñÝ÷åé
Ýíá ðïëý áðëü åîïìïéùôÞ ôåñìáôéêïý. ÁíáôñÝîôå óôï user-ppp <link
linkend="userppp">handbook</link> êáé <ulink
url="&url.books.faq;/ppp.html">FAQ</ulink> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò
ðëçñïöïñßåò. Áí Ý÷åôå ðñïâëÞìáôá, ìðïñåßôå íá êáôåõèýíåôå ôçí
êáôáãñáöÞ (logging) óôçí ïèüíç ìå ôçí åíôïëÞ
<command>set log local ...</command>.</para>
<para>Áí õðÜñ÷åé äéáèÝóéìç öõóéêÞ óýíäåóç ìå Üëëï ìç÷Üíçìá &os;,
ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå
ìÝóù ðáñÜëëçëïõ êáëùäßïõ <quote>laplink</quote>. Ç ôá÷ýôçôá
ìåôÜäïóçò äåäïìÝíùí ìÝóù ôçò ðáñÜëëçëçò èýñáò åßíáé áñêåôÜ õøçëüôåñç
óõíÞèùò áðü üôé ôçò óåéñéáêÞò (ìÝ÷ñé 50 kbytes/sec), ìå
áðïôÝëåóìá ãñçãïñüôåñç åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<sect3>
<title>Ðñéí ÅãêáôáóôÞóåôå ìÝóù NFS</title>
<indexterm>
<primary>installation</primary>
<secondary>network</secondary>
<tertiary>NFS</tertiary>
</indexterm>
<para>Ç åãêáôÜóôáóç ìÝóù NFS åßíáé áñêåôÜ áðëÞ. Áðëþò áíôéãñÜøôå
ôá áñ÷åßá ôçò äéáíïìÞò ôïõ &os; óå Ýíá åîõðçñåôçôÞ NFS êáé äåßîôå
ðñïò áõôüí êáôÜ ôçí åðéëïãÞ ìÝóïõ NFS.</para>
<para>Áí ï åîõðçñåôçôÞò áõôüò õðïóôçñßæåé ìüíï ðñïíïìéáêÞ èýñá
(<quote>privileged port</quote>) (áõôÞ åßíáé ç ôõðéêÞ ñýèìéóç óå
óôáèìïýò åñãáóßáò ôçò SUN), èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá èÝóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
<literal>NFS Secure</literal> óôï ìåíïý
<guimenu>Options</guimenu> ðñéí ìðïñÝóåôå íá ðñï÷ùñÞóåôå ìå ôçí
åãêáôÜóôáóç.</para>
<para>Áí ç êÜñôá óáò Ethernet åßíáé ÷áìçëÞò ðïéüôçôáò êáé õðïöÝñåé
áðü ðïëý áñãïýò ñõèìïýò ìåôáöïñÜò, ßóùò èåëÞóåôå íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå
êáé ôçí åðéëïãÞ <literal>NFS Slow</literal>.</para>
<para>Ãéá íá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé ç åãêáôÜóôáóç NFS, ï åîõðçñåôçôÞò èá
ðñÝðåé íá õðïóôçñßæåé ðñïóáñôÞóåéò õðïêáôáëüãùí (subdir mounts),
ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, áí ï êáôÜëïãïò ôçò äéáíïìÞò óáò
&os; &rel.current; âñßóêåôáé óôï:
<filename>ziggy:/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</filename>, ôüôå ï
<hostid>ziggy</hostid> èá ðñÝðåé íá åðéôñÝðåé ôçí áðåõèåßáò
ðñïóÜñôçóç ôïõ <filename>/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</filename>,
êáé ü÷é ìüíï ôïõ <filename>/usr</filename> Þ ôïõ
<filename>/usr/archive/stuff</filename>.</para>
<para>Óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/exports</filename> ôïõ &os;, áõôü
åëÝã÷åôáé áðü ôéò åðéëïãÝò <option>-alldirs</option>. ¶ëëïé
åîõðçñåôçôÝò NFS ìðïñåß íá áêïëïõèïýí äéáöïñåôéêÝò óõìâÜóåéò.
Áí ëáìâÜíåôå ìçíýìáôá ôïõ ôýðïõ
<errorname>permission denied</errorname> áðü ôïí åîõðçñåôçôÞ,
åßíáé ðéèáíüí íá ìçí Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé óùóôÜ ôï ðáñáðÜíù.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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