path: root/el_GR.ISO8859-7/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-7"?>
<!--

  Ôï Åã÷åéñßäéï ôïõ FreeBSD: PPP êáé SLIP

  The FreeBSD Greek Documentation Project

  $FreeBSD$

  %SOURCE%	en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml
  %SRCID%	39010

-->

<chapter id="ppp-and-slip">
  <chapterinfo>
    <authorgroup>
      <author>
	<firstname>Jim</firstname>
	<surname>Mock</surname>
	<contrib>ÁíáäïìÞèçêå, áíáäéïñãáíþèçêå, êáé áíáíåþèçêå áðü
	  ôïí </contrib>
	<!-- 1 Mar 2000 -->
      </author>
    </authorgroup>
  </chapterinfo>

  <title>PPP êáé SLIP</title>

  <sect1 id="ppp-and-slip-synopsis">
    <title>Óýíïøç</title>
    <indexterm id="ppp-ppp">
      <primary>PPP</primary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm id="ppp-slip">
      <primary>SLIP</primary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>Ôï &os; äéáèÝôåé ðëÞèïò ôñüðùí ãéá ôç óýíäåóç åíüò õðïëïãéóôÞ ìå
      Ýíá Üëëï.  Ãéá íá åðéôý÷åôå óýíäåóç ìÝóù modem óôï Internet Þ óå Ýíá
      Üëëï äßêôõï, Þ ãéá íá åðéôñÝøåôå óå Üëëïõò íá óõíäåèïýí ìÝóù
      ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò óáò, áðáéôåßôáé ç ÷ñÞóç PPP Þ SLIP.  Ôï êåöÜëáéï áõôü
      ðåñéãñÜöåé ëåðôïìåñþò ôïí ôñüðï ñýèìéóçò ôùí ðáñáðÜíù õðçñåóéþí ãéá
      ÷ñÞóç ìÝóù modem.</para>

    <para>Áöïý äéáâÜóåôå áõôü ôï êåöÜëáéï, èá îÝñåôå:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
	<para>Ðùò íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï PPP ÷ñÞóôç (User PPP).</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Ðùò íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï PPP ðõñÞíá (Kernel PPP, ìüíï ãéá
	  &os;&nbsp;7.X).</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Ðùò íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï <acronym>PPPoE</acronym> (PPP ìÝóù
	  Ethernet).</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Ðùò íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï <acronym>PPPoA</acronym> (PPP ìÝóù
	  ATM).</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Ðùò íá ñõèìßóåôå Ýíá ðåëÜôç êáé åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP (ìüíï ãéá
	  &os;&nbsp;7.X).</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <indexterm id="ppp-ppp-user">
      <primary>PPP</primary>
      <secondary>user PPP</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm id="ppp-ppp-kernel">
      <primary>PPP</primary>
      <secondary>kernel PPP</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm id="ppp-ppp-ethernet">
      <primary>PPP</primary>
      <secondary>over Ethernet</secondary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>Ðñéí äéáâÜóåôå áõôü ôï êåöÜëáéï, èá ðñÝðåé:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
	<para>Íá åßóôå åîïéêåéùìÝíïò ìå ôç âáóéêÞ ïñïëïãßá ôùí äéêôýùí.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
	<para>Íá êáôáíïåßôå ôéò âáóéêÝò Ýííïéåò êáé ôï óêïðü ôùí åðéëïãéêþí
	  óõíäÝóåùí êáé ôïõ PPP êáé/Þ SLIP.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>Ìðïñåß íá áíáñùôéÝóôå ðïéá åßíáé ç âáóéêÞ äéáöïñÜ ìåôáîý ôïõ PPP
      ÷ñÞóôç êáé ôïõ PPP ðõñÞíá.  Ç áðÜíôçóç åßíáé áðëÞ: ôï PPP ÷ñÞóôç
      åðåîåñãÜæåôáé ôá äåäïìÝíá åéóüäïõ êáé åîüäïõ ìÝóù ðñïãñáììÜôùí ÷ñÞóôç
      (userland) áíôß äéáìÝóïõ ôïõ ðõñÞíá ôïõ ëåéôïõñãéêïý.  Áõôü ðñïêáëåß
      êÜðïéåò åðéâáñýíóåéò ëüãù ôçò áíôéãñáöÞò äåäïìÝíùí ìåôáîý ôïõ ðõñÞíá
      êáé ôçò åöáñìïãÞò ÷ñÞóôç, áëëÜ åðéôñÝðåé êáôÜ ðïëý ðéï ðëïýóéá (áðü
      Üðïøç äõíáôïôÞôùí) õëïðïßçóç ôïõ PPP ðñùôïêüëëïõ.  Ôï PPP ÷ñÞóôç
      ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôç óõóêåõÞ <devicename>tun</devicename> ãéá ôçí
      åðéêïéíùíßá ìå ôïí Ýîù êüóìï, åíþ ôï PPP ðõñÞíá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôçí
      óõóêåõÞ <devicename>ppp</devicename>.</para>

    <note>
      <para>Óå üëï ôï êåöÜëáéï, ôï PPP ÷ñÞóôç èá áíáöÝñåôáé áðëÜ ùò
	<application>ppp</application> åêôüò êáé áí ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá ãßíåé
	äéÜêñéóç óå ó÷Ýóç ìå Üëëï ëïãéóìéêü PPP üðùò ôï
	<application>pppd</application> (ìüíï ãéá ôï &os;&nbsp;7.X).  Åêôüò
	áí áíáöÝñåôáé äéáöïñåôéêÜ, üëåò ïé åíôïëÝò ðïõ åîçãïýíôáé óôï
	êåöÜëáéï áõôü èá ðñÝðåé íá åêôåëïýíôáé ùò
	<username>root</username>.</para>
    </note>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="userppp">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Tom</firstname>
	  <surname>Rhodes</surname>
	  <contrib>Åíçìåñþèçêå êáé âåëôéþèçêå áðü ôïí </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>

      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Brian</firstname>
	  <surname>Somers</surname>
	  <contrib>Áñ÷éêÞ óõíåéóöïñÜ ôïõ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>

      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Nik</firstname>
	  <surname>Clayton</surname>
	  <contrib>Ìå ôç âïÞèåéá ôùí </contrib>
	</author>

	<author>
	  <firstname>Dirk</firstname>
	  <surname>Fr&ouml;mberg</surname>
	</author>

	<author>
	  <firstname>Peter</firstname>
	  <surname>Childs</surname>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
    </sect1info>

    <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï PPP ×ñÞóôç</title>

    <warning>
      <para>Áðü ôï &os;&nbsp;8.0 êáé ìåôÜ, ôá ïíüìáôá óõóêåõþí ãéá ôéò
	óåéñéáêÝò èýñåò ìåôïíïìÜóôçêáí áðü
	<filename>/dev/cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> óå
	<filename>/dev/cuau<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> êáé áðü
	<filename>/dev/ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> óå
	<filename>/dev/ttyu<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>.
	Ïé ÷ñÞóôåò ôïõ &os;&nbsp;7.X èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá ðñïóáñìüóïõí ôéò
	ðáñáêÜôù ïäçãßåò óýìöùíá ìå áõôÝò ôéò áëëáãÝò.</para>
    </warning>

    <sect2>
      <title>PPP ×ñÞóôç</title>

      <sect3>
	<title>ÐñïûðïèÝóåéò</title>

	<para>Ôï êåßìåíï áõôü ðñïûðïèÝôåé üôé Ý÷åôå ôá ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	<itemizedlist>
	  <indexterm id="ppp-isp">
	    <primary>ISP</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <indexterm id="ppp-ppp2">
	    <primary>PPP</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>Ëïãáñéáóìü óå êÜðïéï Ðáñï÷Ýá Õðçñåóéþí Internet (ISP) óôïí
	      ïðïßï óõíäÝåóôå ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò PPP.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>¸íá modem Þ Üëëç óõóêåõÞ óõíäåìÝíç óôï óýóôçìá óáò,
	      êáé ñõèìéóìÝíç óùóôÜ þóôå íá óáò åðéôñÝðåé íá óõíäåèåßôå óôïí
	      ISP óáò.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>Ôïõò áñéèìïýò êëÞóçò ãéá ôïí ISP óáò.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	  <indexterm id="ppp-pap">
	    <primary>PAP</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <indexterm id="ppp-chap">
	    <primary>CHAP</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <indexterm id="ppp-unix">
	    <primary>UNIX</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <indexterm id="ppp-login">
	    <primary>login name</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <indexterm id="ppp-password">
	    <primary>password</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	    <para>Ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç (login) êáé ôïí êùäéêü óáò (password).
	      Åßôå êáíïíéêü üíïìá êáé êùäéêü (ôýðïõ &unix;) Þ Ýíá æåýãïò
	      ïíüìáôïò / êùäéêïý ôýðïõ PAP Þ CHAP.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <indexterm id="ppp-nameserver">
	      <primary>nameserver</primary>
	    </indexterm>

	    <para>Ôéò IP äéåõèýíóåéò åíüò Þ ðåñéóóüôåñùí äéáêïìéóôþí
	      ïíïìÜôùí (DNS).  ÖõóéïëïãéêÜ, ï ISP óáò èá óáò äþóåé äýï
	      ôÝôïéåò äéåõèýíóåéò.  Áí äåí Ý÷åôå ôïõëÜ÷éóôïí ìßá, ìðïñåßôå
	      íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>enable dns</command> óôï
	      <filename>ppp.conf</filename> êáé ôï
	      <application>ppp</application> èá ñõèìßóåé ôïõò äéáêïìéóôÝò
	      ïíïìÜôùí ãéá óáò.  Ôï ÷áñáêôçñéóôéêü áõôü åîáñôÜôáé áðü ôçí
	      õðïóôÞñéîç ôçò äéáðñáãìÜôåõóçò DNS áðü ôïí ISP óáò.</para>
	  </listitem>
	</itemizedlist>

	<para>Ï ISP óáò åíäå÷ïìÝíùò íá óáò äþóåé êáé ôéò ðáñáêÜôù ðëçñïöïñßåò,
	  áëëÜ äåí åßíáé åíôåëþò áðáñáßôçôåò:</para>

	<itemizedlist>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>Ôç äéåýèõíóç IP ãéá ôçí ðýëç (gateway) ôïõ ISP óáò.
	      Ç ðýëç åßíáé ôï ìç÷Üíçìá ìÝóù ôïõ ïðïßïõ óõíäÝåóôå, êáé èá
	      áðïôåëÝóåé ôçí <emphasis>ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç äéáäñïìÞ</emphasis>
	      (default route) ãéá ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò.  Áí äåí Ý÷åôå áõôÞ ôçí
	      ðëçñïöïñßá, èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ìéá åéêïíéêÞ, êáé üôáí óõíäåèåßôå
	      èá ëÜâåôå ôçí êáíïíéêÞ äéåýèõíóç áðü ôïí äéáêïìéóôÞ PPP ôïõ
	      ISP óáò.</para>

	    <para>ÁõôÞ ç äéåýèõíóç IP áíáöÝñåôáé ùò
	      <literal>HISADDR</literal> áðü ôï
	      <application>ppp</application>.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>Ôç ìÜóêá äéêôýïõ (netmask) ðïõ ðñÝðåé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå.
	      Áí ï ISP óáò äå óáò ôçí ðáñÝ÷åé, ìðïñåßôå ìå áóöÜëåéá íá
	      ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí ôéìÞ <hostid
		role="netmask">255.255.255.255</hostid>.</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <indexterm id="ppp-static-ip">
	      <primary>static IP address</primary>
	    </indexterm>

	    <para>Áí ï ISP óáò ðáñÝ÷åé óôáôéêÞ äéåýèõíóç êáé üíïìá õðïëïãéóôÞ
	      (hostname) ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå áõôÜ.  ÄéáöïñåôéêÜ,
	      èá áöÞóïõìå ôïí áðïìáêñõóìÝíï õðïëïãéóôÞ íá äþóåé üðïéá
	      äéåýèõíóç IP èåùñåß êáôÜëëçëç.</para>
	  </listitem>
	</itemizedlist>

	<para>Áí óáò ëåßðïõí êÜðïéåò áðü ôéò áðáéôïýìåíåò ðëçñïöïñßåò,
	  åðéêïéíùíÞóôå ìå ôïí ISP óáò.</para>

	<note>
	  <para>Óå ïëüêëçñç ôçí ðáñïýóá åíüôçôá, ðïëëÜ áðü ôá ðáñáäåßãìáôá
	    ðïõ äåß÷íïõí ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôùí áñ÷åßùí ñõèìßóåùí, åßíáé
	    áñéèìçìÝíá áíÜ ãñáììÞ.  Ïé áñéèìïß áõôïß åîõðçñåôïýí óôçí
	    ðáñïõóßáóç êáé ôç óõæÞôçóç ôïõ êÜèå ðáñáäåßãìáôïò, êáé äåí
	    ðñÝðåé íá ãñáöïýí ìÝóá óôï ðñáãìáôéêü áñ÷åßï.  Åßíáé åðßóçò
	    óçìáíôéêü íá ôçñåßôå ç óùóôÞ óôïß÷éóç óå êÜèå áñ÷åßï, ìå ôç
	    ÷ñÞóç óôçëïèåôþí (tabs) êáé êåíþí äéáóôçìÜôùí.</para>
	</note>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>Áõôüìáôç Ñýèìéóç <application>PPP</application></title>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>PPP</primary>
	  <secondary>configuration</secondary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>Ôüóï ôï <command>ppp</command> üóï êáé ôï
	  <command>pppd</command> (ç õëïðïßçóç ôïõ PPP óå åðßðåäï ðõñÞíá,
	  ìüíï óôï &os;&nbsp;7.X)
	  ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí ôá áñ÷åßá ñõèìßóåùí óôïí êáôÜëïãï
	  <filename class="directory">/etc/ppp</filename>.  Ìðïñåßôå íá
	  âñåßôå ðáñáäåßãìáôá ãéá ôï ppp ÷ñÞóôç óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename
	    class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.</para>

	<para>H ñýèìéóç ôïõ <command>ppp</command> áðáéôåß ôçí ôñïðïðïßçóç
	  åíüò áñéèìïý áðü áñ÷åßá, áíÜëïãá ìå ôéò áðáéôÞóåéò óáò.  Ôï ôé èá
	  âÜëåôå óå áõôÜ, åîáñôÜôáé óå Ýíá ðïóïóôü áðü ôï áí ï ISP óáò
	  áðïäßäåé óôáôéêÝò äéåõèýíóåéò IP (äçë. óáò ðáñÝ÷åé ìéá äéåýèõíóç
	  IP ç ïðïßá äåí áëëÜæåé) Þ äõíáìéêÝò (äçë. ç IP äéåýèõíóç óáò
	  áëëÜæåé êÜèå öïñÜ ðïõ óõíäÝåóôå óôïí ISP óáò).</para>

	<sect4 id="userppp-staticIP">
	  <title>PPP êáé ÓôáôéêÝò Äéåõèýíóåéò IP</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>PPP</primary>
	    <secondary>with static IP addresses</secondary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá ôñïðïðïéÞóåôå ôï áñ÷åßï ñõèìßóåùí
	    <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.  Èá ðñÝðåé íá ìïéÜæåé ìå
	    áõôü ðïõ öáßíåôáé ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <note>
	    <para>Ïé ãñáììÝò ðïõ ôåëåéþíïõí ìå <literal>:</literal> îåêéíïýí
	      óôçí ðñþôç óôÞëç (áñ÷Þ ôçò ãñáììÞò) &mdash; üëåò ïé Üëëåò
	      ãñáììÝò èá ðñÝðåé íá óôïé÷éóèïýí ìå ôïí ôñüðï ðïõ öáßíåôáé, ìå
	      ôç ÷ñÞóç êåíþí Þ óôçëïèåôþí.</para>
	  </note>

	  <programlisting>1     default:
2       set log Phase Chat LCP IPCP CCP tun command
3       ident user-ppp VERSION (built COMPILATIONDATE)
4       set device /dev/cuau0
5       set speed 115200
6       set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \
7                 \"\" AT OK-AT-OK ATE1Q0 OK \\dATDT\\T TIMEOUT 40 CONNECT"
8       set timeout 180
9       enable dns
10
11    provider:
12      set phone "(123) 456 7890"
13      set authname foo
14      set authkey bar
15      set login "TIMEOUT 10 \"\" \"\" gin:--gin: \\U word: \\P col: ppp"
16      set timeout 300
17      set ifaddr <replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0
18      add default HISADDR</programlisting>

	  <variablelist>
	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 1:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Áíáãíùñßæåé ôçí ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç êáôá÷þñéóç.  Ïé åíôïëÝò
		  óå áõôÞ ôçí êáôá÷þñéóç åêôåëïýíôáé áõôüìáôá, üôáí åêôåëåßôáé
		  ôï ppp.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 2:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Åíåñãïðïéåß ôçí êáôáãñáöÞ (logging) ôùí ðáñáìÝôñùí.
		  ¼ôáí ïé ñõèìßóåéò ðïõ Ý÷ïõí ãßíåé ëåéôïõñãïýí éêáíïðïéçôéêÜ,
		  ç ãñáììÞ áõôÞ èá ðñÝðåé íá ìéêñýíåé óôçí ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

		<programlisting>set log phase tun</programlisting>

		<para>ãéá íá áðïöåõ÷èïýí ìåãÜëá ìåãÝèç óôá áñ÷åßá
		  êáôáãñáöÞò.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 3:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>ËÝåé óôï PPP ðùò íá áíáöÝñåé ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá ôïí åáõôü
		  ôïõ óôçí Üëëç ìåñéÜ ôçò óýíäåóçò.  Ç äéáäéêáóßá áõôÞ ãßíåôáé
		  áí ôï PPP Ý÷åé ðñüâëçìá óôçí äéáðñáãìÜôåõóç êáé ïëïêëÞñùóç
		  ôçò óýíäåóçò, ðáñÝ÷ïíôáò ìå áõôü ôïí ôñüðï ðëçñïöïñßåò óôïí
		  áðïìáêñõóìÝíï äéá÷åéñéóôÞ.  Ïé ðëçñïöïñßåò áõôÝò ìðïñåß íá
		  åßíáé ÷ñÞóéìåò óôçí åðßëõóç ôïõ ðñïâëÞìáôïò.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 4:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Áíáãíùñßæåé ôç óõóêåõÞ óôçí ïðïßá åßíáé óõíäåìÝíï ôï
		  modem.  Ç óõóêåõÞ <devicename>COM1</devicename> åßíáé ç
		  <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau0</filename>
		  êáé ç <devicename>COM2</devicename> åßíáé ç
		  <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau1</filename>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 5:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Êáèïñßæåé ôçí ôá÷ýôçôá ìå ôçí ïðïßá åðéèõìåßôå íá
		  óõíäåèåßôå.  Áí äåí ëåéôïõñãåß ç ôéìÞ 115200 (ç ïðïßá ðñÝðåé
		  íá ëåéôïõñãåß ìå êÜèå ó÷åôéêÜ óýã÷ñïíï modem), äïêéìÜóôå
		  ìå 38400.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÝò 6 &amp; 7:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<indexterm>
		  <primary>PPP</primary>
		  <secondary>user PPP</secondary>
		</indexterm>

		<para>Ôï áëöáñéèìçôéêü ðïõ èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ãéá ôçí êëÞóç.
		  Ôï PPP ÷ñÞóôç ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß óýíôáîç expect-send ðáñüìïéá ìå
		  áõôÞ ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï ðñüãñáììá &man.chat.8;.  Äåßôå ôç
		  óåëßäá manual ãéá ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôéò äõíáôüôçôåò
		  áõôÞò ôçò ãëþóóáò.</para>

		<para>Óçìåéþóôå üôé áõôÞ ç åíôïëÞ óõíå÷ßæåé óôçí åðüìåíç
		  ãñáììÞ ãéá ëüãïõò áíáãíùóéìüôçôáò.  Áõôü ìðïñåß íá ãßíåé óå
		  êÜèå åíôïëÞ ôïõ <filename>ppp.conf</filename>, åöüóïí ôï
		  <literal>\</literal> åßíáé ï ôåëåõôáßïò ÷áñáêôÞñáò ôçò
		  ãñáììÞò.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 8:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Êáèïñßæåé ôï ÷ñüíï ôåñìáôéóìïý ëüãù áäñÜíåéáò ôçò
		  óýíäåóçò.  Ôá 180 äåõôåñüëåðôá åßíáé ç ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ôéìÞ,
		  Ýôóé ç ãñáììÞ áõôÞ åßíáé åäþ êáèáñÜ äéáêïóìçôéêÞ.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 9:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>ËÝåé óôï PPP íá ñùôÞóåé ôçí Üëëç ðëåõñÜ ãéá íá
		  åðéâåâáéþóåé ôéò ôïðéêÝò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ resolver.  Áí
		  åêôåëåßôå ôïðéêü äéáêïìéóôÞ ïíïìÜôùí (DNS), èá ðñÝðåé íá
		  ìåôáôñÝøåôå áõôÞ ôç ãñáììÞ óå ó÷üëéï Þ íá ôçí
		  áöáéñÝóåôå.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 10:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>ÊåíÞ ãñáììÞ þóôå ç áíÜãíùóç ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ íá åßíáé ðéï
		  åýêïëç.  Ïé êåíÝò ãñáììÝò áãíïïýíôáé áðü ôï PPP.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 11:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Áíáãíùñßæåé ôçí êáôá÷þñéóç åíüò ðáñï÷Ýá ìå ôï üíïìá
		  <quote>provider</quote>.  Ìðïñåßôå åäþ íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå
		  ôï üíïìá ôïõ <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò, þóôå áñãüôåñá
		  íá îåêéíÜôå ôç óýíäåóç óáò ìå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
		  <option>load <replaceable>ISP</replaceable></option>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 12:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>ÈÝôåé ôïí áñéèìü êëÞóçò ãéá áõôü ôïí ðáñï÷Ýá.  Ìðïñåßôå
		  íá êáèïñßóåôå ðïëëáðëïýò áñéèìïýò êëÞóçò ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò
		  Üíù-êÜôù ôåëåßá (<literal>:</literal>) Þ ôïí ÷áñáêôÞñá
		  (<literal>|</literal>) ùò äéá÷ùñéóôéêü.  Ç äéáöïñÜ ìåôáîý
		  ôùí äýï äéá÷ùñéóôéêþí ðåñéãñÜöåôáé óôï &man.ppp.8;.
		  ÐåñéëçðôéêÜ, áí èÝëåôå íá äïêéìÜæïíôáé êõêëéêÜ üëïé ïé
		  áñéèìïß, ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôçí Üíù-êÜôù ôåëåßá.  Áí èÝëåôå íá
		  ãßíåôáé ðÜíôïôå áðüðåéñá êëÞóçò ôïõ ðñþôïõ áñéèìïý êáé ïé
		  õðüëïéðïé íá äïêéìÜæïíôáé ìüíï áí ï ðñþôïò áðïôý÷åé,
		  ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï ÷áñáêôÞñá ðáñï÷Ýôåõóçò.  Íá ãñÜöåôå
		  ðÜíôïôå üëï ôï óýíïëï ôùí ôçëåöùíéêþí áñéèìþí ìå ôïí ôñüðï
		  ðïõ öáßíåôáé.</para>

		<para>Áí ï áñéèìüò ôçëåöþíïõ ðåñéÝ÷åé êåíÜ, èá ðñÝðåé íá ôïí
		  ðåñéêëåßóåôå óå åéóáãùãéêÜ (<literal>"</literal>).
		  Ç ðáñÜëåéøç ôïõò, áí êáé åßíáé áðëü óöÜëìá, ìðïñåß íá
		  ðñïêáëÝóåé ðñïâëÞìáôá ðïõ äåí ìðïñïýí íá åíôïðéóôïýí
		  åýêïëá.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÝò 13 &amp; 14:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Áíáãíùñßæåé ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç êáé ôïí êùäéêü ôïõ.  ¼ôáí
		  óõíäÝåóôå ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ðñïôñïðÞ ôýðïõ &unix;, ïé ôéìÝò
		  áõôÝò áíáöÝñïíôáé áðü ôçí åíôïëÞ
		  <command>set login</command> ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôéò ìåôáâëçôÝò
		  \U êáé \P.  ¼ôáí óõíäÝåóôå ìå ÷ñÞóç PAP Þ CHAP, ïé ôéìÝò
		  áõôÝò ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé ôçí þñá ôçò ðéóôïðïßçóçò
		  ôáõôüôçôáò ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 15:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<indexterm><primary>PAP</primary></indexterm>
		<indexterm><primary>CHAP</primary></indexterm>
		<para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå PPP Þ CHAP, äåí èá õðÜñ÷åé óôï óçìåßï
		  áõôü ðñïôñïðÞ åéóüäïõ (login), êáé èá ðñÝðåé íá ìåôáôñÝøåôå
		  ôç ãñáììÞ áõôÞ óå ó÷üëéï Þ íá ôçí áöáéñÝóåôå.  Äåßôå ôçí
		  <link linkend="userppp-PAPnCHAP">Ðéóôïðïßçóç PAP
		  êáé CHAP</link> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ëåðôïìÝñåéåò.</para>

		<para>Ôï áëöáñéèìçôéêü åéóüäïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß óýíôáîç ðáñüìïéá
		  ìå ôï &man.chat.8;, üðùò óõìâáßíåé êáé ìå ôï áëöáñéèìçôéêü
		  êëÞóçò.  Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò, ôï áëöáñéèìçôéêü
		  ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá ìéá õðçñåóßá óôçí ïðïßá ç óõíåäñßá
		  åéóüäïõ ìïéÜæåé ìå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

		<screen>J. Random Provider
login: <replaceable>foo</replaceable>
password: <replaceable>bar</replaceable>
protocol: ppp</screen>

		<para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá áëëÜîåôå áõôü ôï script áíÜëïãá ìå ôéò
		  áíÜãêåò óáò.  ¼ôáí ãñÜöåôå áõôü ôï script ôçí ðñþôç öïñÜ,
		  âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå åíåñãïðïéÞóåé ôï áñ÷åßï êáôáãñáöÞò
		  ãéá ôï <quote>chat</quote> þóôå íá ìðïñåßôå íá ðñïóäéïñßóåôå
		  áí ç äéáäéêáóßá áíáãíþñéóçò ðñï÷ùñÜåé óùóôÜ.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 16:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<indexterm><primary>timeout</primary></indexterm>

		<para>ÈÝôåé ôï ÷ñüíï áäñÜíåéáò (óå äåõôåñüëåðôá) ãéá ôç
		  óýíäåóç.  Åäþ, ç óýíäåóç èá êëåßóåé áõôüìáôá áí äåí õðÜñ÷åé
		  êßíçóç ãéá 300 äåõôåñüëåðôá.  Áí äåí èÝëåôå íá ãßíåôáé
		  ðïôÝ ôåñìáôéóìüò ôçò óýíäåóçò ëüãù áäñÜíåéáò, èÝóôå áõôÞ ôç
		  ôéìÞ óå ìçäÝí, Þ ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
		  <option>-ddial</option> óôç ãñáììÞ åíôïëÞò.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 17:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<indexterm><primary>ISP</primary></indexterm>

		<para>ÈÝôåé ôç äéåýèõíóç ôçò äéåðáöÞò.  Ôï áëöáñéèìçôéêü
		  <replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> èá ðñÝðåé íá
		  áíôéêáôáóôáèåß ìå ôç äéåýèõíóç IP ðïõ óáò Ý÷åé áðïäïèåß áðü
		  ôïí ðáñï÷Ýá óáò.  Ôï áëöáñéèìçôéêü
		  <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> èá ðñÝðåé íá
		  áíôéêáôáóôáèåß ìå ôçí äéåýèõíóç IP ðïõ Ý÷åé êáèïñßóåé ï
		  ISP óáò ùò ðýëç (gateway, ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óôï ïðïßï óõíäÝåóôå).
		  Áí ï ISP óáò äåí óáò Ý÷åé äþóåé äéåýèõíóç ðýëçò,
		  ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôçí <hostid
		    role="netmask">10.0.0.2/0</hostid>.  Áí ðñÝðåé íá
		  ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ìéá IP äéåýèõíóç ðïõ Ý÷åôå
		  <quote>ìáíôÝøåé</quote>, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå äçìéïõñãÞóåé
		  ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç óôï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename>
		  óýìöùíá ìå ôéò ïäçãßåò ãéá ôï <link
		    linkend="userppp-dynamicIP">PPP êáé ÄõíáìéêÝò IP
		    Äéåõèýíóåéò</link>.  Áí ðáñáëåßøåôå áõôÞ ôç ãñáììÞ, ôï
		  <command>ppp</command> äåí èá ìðïñåß íá åêôåëåóôåß óå
		  êáôÜóôáóç <option>-auto</option>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 18:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>ÐñïóèÝóôå ìéá ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç äéáäñïìÞ (default route)
		  ðñïò ôï ìç÷Üíçìá ðýëçò (gateway) ôïõ ISP óáò.  Ç åéäéêÞ ëÝîç
		  <literal>HISADDR</literal> áíôéêáèßóôáôáé ìå ôçí äéåýèõíóç
		  ðýëçò ðïõ êáèïñßæåôáé óôç ãñáììÞ 17.  Åßíáé óçìáíôéêü ç
		  ãñáììÞ áõôÞ íá åìöáíßæåôáé ìåôÜ ôçí ãñáììÞ 17, äéáöïñåôéêÜ
		  ôï <literal>HISADDR</literal> äåí èá Ý÷åé áêüìá ëÜâåé áñ÷éêÞ
		  ôéìÞ.</para>

		<para>Áí äåí åðéèõìåßôå íá åêôåëÝóåôå ôï ppp óå êáôÜóôáóç
		  <option>-auto</option>, èá ðñÝðåé íá ìåôáêéíÞóåôå áõôÞ ôç
		  ãñáììÞ óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>ppp.linkup</filename>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>
	  </variablelist>

	  <para>Äåí åßíáé áðáñáßôçôï íá ðñïóèÝóåôå êáôá÷þñéóç óôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>ppp.linkup</filename> üôáí Ý÷åôå óôáôéêÞ äéåýèõíóç IP
	    êáé åêôåëåßôå ôï ppp óå êáôÜóôáóç <option>-auto</option>.  Óôçí
	    ðåñßðôùóç áõôÞ, ïé êáôá÷ùñßóåéò óáò óôïí ðßíáêá äñïìïëüãçóçò åßíáé
	    óùóôÝò ðñéí êáí óõíäåèåßôå.  ºóùò ùóôüóï íá èÝëåôå íá
	    äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç ãéá íá åêôåëÝóåôå êÜðïéá ðñïãñÜììáôá
	    ìåôÜ ôçí áðïêáôÜóôáóç ôçò óýíäåóçò.  Èá ôï åîçãÞóïõìå áõôü
	    áñãüôåñá óå Ýíá ðáñÜäåéãìá ìå ôï sendmail.</para>

	  <para>Ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå ðáñáäåßãìáôá áñ÷åßùí ñõèìßóåùí óôïí
	    êáôÜëïãï <filename
	      class="directory">usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4 id="userppp-dynamicIP">
	  <title>PPP êáé ÄõíáìéêÝò Äéåõèýíóåéò IP</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>PPP</primary>
	    <secondary>with dynamic IP addresses</secondary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>IPCP</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <para>Áí ï ðáñï÷Ýáò óáò äåí äßíåé óôáôéêÝò äéåõèýíóåéò, ôï
	    <command>ppp</command> ìðïñåß íá ñõèìéóôåß íá äéáðñáãìáôåýåôáé
	    ôçí ôïðéêÞ êáé ôçí áðïìáêñõóìÝíç äéåýèõíóç.  Áõôü ãßíåôáé
	    <quote>ìáíôåýïíôáò</quote> ìéá äéåýèõíóç IP, êáé åðéôñÝðïíôáò óôï
	    <command>ppp</command> íá ôçí èÝóåé Ýðåéôá óùóôÜ, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò
	    ôï ðñùôüêïëëï IPCP (IP Configuration Protocol) ìåôÜ ôç óýíäåóç.
	    Ôï áñ÷åßï ñõèìßóåùí <filename>ppp.conf</filename> åßíáé ôï ßäéï
	    üðùò êáé óôï
	    <link linkend="userppp-staticIP">PPP êáé ÓôáôéêÝò Äéåõèýíóåéò
	    IP</link>, ìå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù ìüíï áëëáãÞ:</para>

	  <programlisting>17      set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0</programlisting>

	  <para>¼ðùò êáé ðñïçãïõìÝíùò, äåí ðñÝðåé íá ðåñéëÜâåôå ôïí áñéèìü
	    ãñáììÞò.  Áðáéôåßôáé åóï÷Þ åíüò ôïõëÜ÷éóôïí êåíïý
	    äéáóôÞìáôïò.</para>

	  <variablelist>
	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 17:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Ï áñéèìüò ìåôÜ ôï ÷áñáêôÞñá <literal>/</literal>
		  åßíáé ôï ðëÞèïò ôùí bits ôçò äéåýèõíóçò ãéá ôï ïðïßï èá
		  åðéìåßíåé ôï ppp.  ºóùò èÝëåôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå áñéèìïýò
		  IP ðéï êáôÜëëçëïõò ãéá ôçí ðåñßóôáóç, áëëÜ ôï ðáñÜäåéãìá
		  ðïõ äßíïõìå ðáñáðÜíù èá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé ðÜíôá.</para>

		<para>Ôï ôåëåõôáßï üñéóìá (ôï <literal>0.0.0.0</literal>) ëÝåé
		  óôï PPP íá áñ÷ßóåé ôéò äéáðñáãìáôåýóåéò ìå ôçí äéåýèõíóç
		  <hostid role="ipaddr">0.0.0.0</hostid> áíôß ãéá ôçí <hostid
		    role="ipaddr">10.0.0.1</hostid>.  Áõôü åßíáé áðáñáßôçôï óå
		  ïñéóìÝíïõò ISP.  Ìç ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï
		  <literal>0.0.0.0</literal> ùò ðñþôï üñéóìá óôçí
		  <command>set ifaddr</command>, êáèþò èá åìðïäßóåé ôçí PPP
		  íá ñõèìßóåé ôçí áñ÷éêÞ äéáäñïìÞ óôçí êáôÜóôáóç
		  <option>-auto</option> .</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>
	  </variablelist>

	  <para>Áí äåí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ <option>-auto</option>,
	    èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç óôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename>.
	    Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>ppp.linkup</filename> ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ìåôÜ
	    ôçí áðïêáôÜóôáóç ôçò óýíäåóçò.  Óôï óçìåßï áõôü, ôï
	    <command>ppp</command> èá Ý÷åé Þäç áðïäþóåé äéåýèõíóç óôçí
	    äéåðáöÞ êáé èá åßíáé ðëÝïí äõíáôüí íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ôéò êáôá÷ùñßóåéò
	    óôïí ðßíáêá äñïìïëüãçóçò:</para>

	  <programlisting>1     provider:
2      add default HISADDR</programlisting>

	  <variablelist>
	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 1:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Ìå ôçí áðïêáôÜóôáóç ôçò óýíäåóçò, ôï
		  <command>ppp</command> èá øÜîåé ãéá ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç óôï
		  <filename>ppp.linkup</filename> óýìöùíá ìå ôïõò ðáñáêÜôù
		  êáíüíåò: Áñ÷éêÜ èá ðñïóðáèÞóåé íá ôáéñéÜîåé ôçí ðñþôç
		  åôéêÝôá ðïõ Ý÷åé ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß óôï áñ÷åßï
		  <filename>ppp.conf</filename>.  Áí áõôü áðïôý÷åé, èá øÜîåé
		  ãéá ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç ãéá ôçí äéåýèõíóç IP ôçò ðýëçò.
		  Ç êáôá÷þñéóç áõôÞ åßíáé ìéá åôéêÝôá ìïñöÞò IP äéåýèõíóçò,
		  ìå ôÝóóåñéò ïêôÜäåò.  Áí äåí Ý÷åé áêüìá âñåèåß ç óùóôÞ
		  êáôá÷þñéóç, èá ãßíåé áíß÷íåõóç ãéá ôçí êáôá÷þñéóç
		  <literal>MYADDR</literal>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 2:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Ç ãñáììÞ áõôÞ ëÝåé óôï <command>ppp</command> íá
		  ðñïóèÝóåé ìéá ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç äéáäñïìÞ ç ïðïßá íá äåß÷íåé óôï
		  <literal>HISADDR</literal>.  Ôï <literal>HISADDR</literal>
		  èá áíôéêáôáóôáèåß ìå ôç äéåýèõíóç IP ôçò ðýëçò üðùò
		  áõôÞ áðïäüèçêå ìÝóù ôïõ ðñùôïêüëëïõ IPCP.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>
	  </variablelist>

	  <para>Äåßôå ôçí êáôá÷þñéóç <literal>pmdemand</literal> óôá áñ÷åßá
	    <filename>/usr/share/examples/ppp/ppp.conf.sample</filename>
	    êáé
	    <filename>/usr/share/examples/ppp/ppp.linkup.sample</filename>
	    ãéá Ýíá ðéï ëåðôïìåñÝò ðáñÜäåéãìá.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>ËÞøç Åéóåñ÷üìåíùí ÊëÞóåùí</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>PPP</primary>
	    <secondary>receiving incoming calls</secondary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>¼ôáí ñõèìßæåôå ôï <application>ppp</application> íá ëáìâÜíåé
	    åéóåñ÷üìåíåò êëÞóåéò óå Ýíá ìç÷Üíçìá ðïõ óõíäÝåôáé óå Ýíá ôïðéêü
	    äßêôõï (LAN), èá ðñÝðåé íá áðïöáóßóåôå áí èÝëåôå íá ðñïùèïýíôáé
	    ðáêÝôá ðñïò áõôü.  Áí íáé, èá ðñÝðåé íá áðïäþóåôå óôï ìç÷Üíçìá
	    ìéá äéåýèõíóç IP ç ïðïßá íá áíÞêåé óôï ßäéï õðïäßêôõï ìå ôï LAN,
	    êáé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>enable proxy</command>
	    óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.  Èá ðñÝðåé
	    åðßóçò íá åðéâåâáéþóåôå üôé ôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>gateway_enable="YES"</programlisting>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Ðïéï getty;</title>

	  <para>Ç åíüôçôá <link linkend="dialup">Õðçñåóßá Åéóüäïõ ìÝóù
	    ÅðéëïãéêÞò Óýíäåóçò (dial in)</link> ðáñÝ÷åé ìéá êáëÞ ðåñéãñáöÞ
	    ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôçí åíåñãïðïßçóç õðçñåóéþí åðéëïãéêþí êëÞóåùí
	    ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí &man.getty.8;.</para>

	  <para>Ìéá åíáëëáêôéêÞ óôçí <command>getty</command> åßíáé ç <ulink
	      url="http://mgetty.greenie.net/">mgetty</ulink> (áðü ôï ðáêÝôï
	    <filename role="package">comms/mgetty+sendfax</filename>),
	    ìéá ðéï Ýîõðíç Ýêäïóç ôçò <command>getty</command>, ç ïðïßá Ý÷åé
	    ó÷åäéáóôåß ãéá íá ëáìâÜíåé õðüøéí ôéò åðéëïãéêÝò ãñáììÝò.</para>

	  <para>Ôá ðëåïíåêôÞìáôá ôçò <command>mgetty</command> åßíáé üôé
	    <emphasis>åðéêïéíùíåß</emphasis> åíåñãÜ ìå ôá modem, ôï ïðïßï
	    óçìáßíåé üôé áí ç èýñá åßíáé áðåíåñãïðïéçìÝíç óôï
	    <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>, ôï modem óáò äåí èá áðáíôÞóåé
	    óôçí êëÞóç.</para>

	  <para>ÌåôáãåíÝóôåñåò åêäüóåéò ôçò <command>mgetty</command>
	    (áðü ôçí 0.99beta êáé ìåôÜ) õðïóôçñßæïõí åðßóçò áõôüìáôç
	    áíß÷íåõóç PPP streams, åðéôñÝðïíôáò óôïõò ðåëÜôåò óáò ðñüóâáóç
	    óôïí åîõðçñåôçôÞ ÷ùñßò ÷ñÞóç scripts.</para>

	  <para>ÄéáâÜóôå ôçí åíüôçôá <link linkend="userppp-mgetty">Mgetty
	    êáé AutoPPP</link> ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôçí
	    <command>mgetty</command>.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>¶äåéåò ãéá ôï <application>PPP</application></title>

	  <para>ÖõóéïëïãéêÜ, ç åêôÝëåóç ôçò åíôïëÞò <command>ppp</command>
	    ðñÝðåé íá ãßíåôáé ùò ÷ñÞóôçò <username>root</username>.  Áí
	    ùóôüóï èÝëåôå íá åðéôñÝøåôå ôçí åêôÝëåóç ôïõ
	    <command>ppp</command> óå êáôÜóôáóç åîõðçñåôçôÞ ùò êáíïíéêüò
	    ÷ñÞóôçò (ìå ôïí ôñüðï ðïõ ðåñéãñÜöåôáé ðáñáêÜôù) èá ðñÝðåé íá
	    äþóåôå óå áõôü ôï ÷ñÞóôç ôá êáôÜëëçëá äéêáéþìáôá ãéá íá
	    åêôåëåß ôï <command>ppp</command>, ðñïóèÝôïíôáò ôïí óôçí ïìÜäá
	    <groupname>network</groupname> óôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/group</filename>.</para>

	  <para>Èá ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá ôïõò äþóåôå ðñüóâáóç óå Ýíá Þ
	    ðåñéóóüôåñá ôìÞìáôá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ ñõèìßóåùí, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí
	    åíôïëÞ <command>allow</command>:</para>

	  <programlisting>allow users fred mary</programlisting>

	  <para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ óôï ôìÞìá
	    <literal>default</literal>, èá äþóåôå óå áõôïýò ôïõò ÷ñÞóôåò
	    ðñüóâáóç óå üëåò ôéò ñõèìßóåéò.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Êåëýöç PPP ãéá ×ñÞóôåò ìå ÄõíáìéêÜ IP</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>PPP shells</primary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå Ýíá áñ÷åßï ìå ôï üíïìá
	    <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp-shell</filename> ôï ïðïßï íá ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá
	    ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
IDENT=`echo $0 | sed -e 's/^.*-\(.*\)$/\1/'`
CALLEDAS="$IDENT"
TTY=`tty`

if [ x$IDENT = xdialup ]; then
        IDENT=`basename $TTY`
fi

echo "PPP for $CALLEDAS on $TTY"
echo "Starting PPP for $IDENT"

exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT</programlisting>

	  <para>Ôï script áõôü èá ðñÝðåé íá ãßíåé åêôåëÝóéìï.  ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå
	    ôþñá Ýíá óõìâïëéêü äåóìü ðïõ íá ïíïìÜæåôáé
	    <filename>ppp-dialup</filename> ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôéò ðáñáêÜôù
	    åíôïëÝò:</para>

	  <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ln -s ppp-shell /etc/ppp/ppp-dialup</userinput></screen>

	  <para>Èá ðñÝðåé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå áõôü ôï script ùò ôï
	    <emphasis>êÝëõöïò</emphasis> ãéá üëïõò ôïõò dialup ÷ñÞóôåò.
	    Åäþ öáßíåôáé Ýíá ðáñÜäåéãìá ôïõ <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
	    ãéá Ýíá ÷ñÞóôç dialup ìå üíïìá
	    <username>pchilds</username> (èõìçèåßôå üôé äåí ðñÝðåé íá
	    ôñïðïðïéåßôå Üìåóá ôï áñ÷åßï ôùí êùäéêþí, áëëÜ ìÝóù ôçò åíôïëÞò
	    &man.vipw.8;).</para>

	  <programlisting>pchilds:*:1011:300:Peter Childs PPP:/home/ppp:/etc/ppp/ppp-dialup</programlisting>

	  <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå Ýíá êáôÜëïãï <filename
	      class="directory">/home/ppp</filename> ðñïóâÜóéìï ãéá áíÜãíùóç
	    áðü üëïõò, ï ïðïßïò èá ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá ðáñáêÜôù êåíÜ áñ÷åßá:</para>

	  <screen>-r--r--r--   1 root     wheel           0 May 27 02:23 .hushlogin
-r--r--r--   1 root     wheel           0 May 27 02:22 .rhosts</screen>

	  <para>ôá ïðïßá åìðïäßæïõí ôçí åìöÜíéóç ôïõ ìçíýìáôïò áðü ôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/motd</filename>.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Êåëýöç PPP ãéá ×ñÞóôåò ìå Óôáôéêü IP</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>PPP shells</primary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>ppp-shell</filename>
	    üðùò öáßíåôáé ðáñáðÜíù, êáé ãéá êÜèå ëïãáñéáóìü ìå óôáôéêü
	    IP, äçìéïõñãÞóôå Ýíá óõìâïëéêü äåóìü ðñïò ôï
	    <filename>ppp-shell</filename>.</para>

	  <para>Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, áí Ý÷åôå ôñåéò ðåëÜôåò dialup, ôïõò
	    <username>fred</username>, <username>sam</username>, êáé
	    <username>mary</username>, óôïõò ïðïßïõò åêôåëåßôå äñïìïëüãçóç
	    /24 CIDR, èá ðñÝðåé íá ãñÜøåôå ôá ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ln -s /etc/ppp/ppp-shell /etc/ppp/ppp-fred</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>ln -s /etc/ppp/ppp-shell /etc/ppp/ppp-sam</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>ln -s /etc/ppp/ppp-shell /etc/ppp/ppp-mary</userinput></screen>

	  <para>Ãéá êÜèå ëïãáñéáóìü ÷ñÞóôç dialup, èá ðñÝðåé íá ñõèìéóôåß
	    ôï êÝëõöïò óôï óõìâïëéêü äåóìü ðïõ äçìéïõñãÞèçêå ðáñáðÜíù (ãéá
	    ðáñÜäåéãìá ï óõìâïëéêüò äåóìüò ãéá ôï êÝëõöïò ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç
	    <username>mary</username> èá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé ï
	    <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp-mary</filename>).</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ <filename>ppp.conf</filename> ãéá ×ñÞóôåò ìå
	    Äõíáìéêü IP</title>

	  <para>Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> èá ðñÝðåé íá
	    ðåñéÝ÷åé êÜôé áíôßóôïé÷ï ìå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>default:
  set debug phase lcp chat
  set timeout 0

ttyu0:
  set ifaddr 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.20 255.255.255.255
  enable proxy

ttyu1:
  set ifaddr 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.21 255.255.255.255
  enable proxy</programlisting>

	  <note>
	    <para>Ç óôïß÷éóç åßíáé óçìáíôéêÞ.</para>
	  </note>

	  <para>Ãéá êÜèå óõíåäñßá, öïñôþíåôáé ç åíüôçôá
	    <literal>default:</literal>.  Ãéá êÜèå ãñáììÞ dialup ðïõ
	    åíåñãïðïéåßôáé óôï <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>, èá ðñÝðåé íá
	    äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç üìïéá ìå áõôÞ ðïõ öáßíåôáé ðáñáðÜíù
	    ãéá ôï <literal>ttyu0:</literal>.  ÊÜèå ãñáììÞ èá ðñÝðåé íá
	    ðáßñíåé ìéá ìïíáäéêÞ äéåýèõíóç IP áðü ôï áðüèåìá ôùí IP
	    äéåõèýíóåùí ðïõ ðñïïñßæïíôáé ãéá ôïõò äõíáìéêïýò ÷ñÞóôåò.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ <filename>ppp.conf</filename> ãéá ×ñÞóôåò ìå
	    Óôáôéêü IP</title>

	  <para>Åêôüò áðü ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôïõ õðïäåßãìáôïò
	    <filename>/usr/share/examples/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> èá ðñÝðåé
	    íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ìéá åíüôçôá ãéá êáèÝíá áðü ôïõò ÷ñÞóôåò dialup
	    óôïõò ïðïßïõò Ý÷åé áðïäïèåß óôáôéêü IP.  Èá óõíå÷ßóïõìå ìå ôï
	    ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò ìå ôïõò ÷ñÞóôåò
	    <username>fred</username>, <username>sam</username>, êáé
	    <username>mary</username>.</para>

	  <programlisting>fred:
  set ifaddr 203.14.100.1 203.14.101.1 255.255.255.255

sam:
  set ifaddr 203.14.100.1 203.14.102.1 255.255.255.255

mary:
  set ifaddr 203.14.100.1 203.14.103.1 255.255.255.255</programlisting>

	  <para>Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename>
	    èá ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá ðåñéÝ÷åé ðëçñïöïñßåò äñïìïëüãçóçò ãéá êÜèå
	    ÷ñÞóôç ìå óôáôéêü IP (áí áðáéôåßôáé).  Ç ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÞ èá
	    ðñïóèÝóåé ìéá äéáäñïìÞ ðñïò ôç äéåýèõíóç äéêôýïõ
	    <hostid role="ipaddr">203.14.101.0/24</hostid>
	    ìÝóù ôçò óýíäåóçò ppp ôïõ ðåëÜôç.</para>

	  <programlisting>fred:
  add 203.14.101.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 HISADDR

sam:
  add 203.14.102.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 HISADDR

mary:
  add 203.14.103.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 HISADDR</programlisting>
	</sect4>

	<sect4 id="userppp-mgetty">
	  <title><command>mgetty</command> êáé AutoPPP</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary><command>mgetty</command></primary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>AutoPPP</primary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>LCP</primary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>Ôï port
	    <filename role="package">comms/mgetty+sendfax</filename>, Ýñ÷åôáé
	    ìå ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ôçí åðéëïãÞ <literal>AUTO_PPP</literal>,
	    åðéôñÝðïíôáò Ýôóé óôçí <command>mgetty</command> íá áíé÷íåýåé ôçí
	    öÜóç LCP ôùí óõíäÝóåùí PPP êáé íá åêôåëåß áõôüìáôá Ýíá êÝëõöïò
	    ppp.  Ùóôüóï, êáèþò ìå áõôü ôïí ôñüðï äåí åíåñãïðïéåßôáé ç
	    ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç áêïëïõèßá ïíüìáôïò ÷ñÞóôç êáé êùäéêïý, åßíáé
	    áðáñáßôçôï íá ãßíåé ðéóôïðïßçóç ôùí ÷ñçóôþí ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç PAP Þ
	    CHAP.</para>

	  <para>Ç åíüôçôá áõôÞ ðñïûðïèÝôåé üôé ï ÷ñÞóôçò Ý÷åé ñõèìßóåé,
	    ìåôáãëùôôßóåé êáé åãêáôáóôÞóåé ìå åðéôõ÷ßá ôï port <filename
	      role="package">comms/mgetty+sendfax</filename> óôï óýóôçìá
	    ôïõ.</para>

	  <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ôï áñ÷åßï óáò
	    <filename>/usr/local/etc/mgetty+sendfax/login.config</filename>
	    ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>/AutoPPP/ -     -		      /etc/ppp/ppp-pap-dialup</programlisting>

	  <para>Áõôü èá ðåé óôçí <command>mgetty</command> íá åêôåëÝóåé ôï
	    script <filename>ppp-pap-dialup</filename> ãéá ôéò PPP óõíäÝóåéò
	    ðïõ áíé÷íåýèçêáí.</para>

	  <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå Ýíá áñ÷åßï ìå ôï üíïìá
	    <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp-pap-dialup</filename> ôï ïðïßï èá ðåñéÝ÷åé
	    ôá áêüëïõèá (ôï áñ÷åßï èá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé åêôåëÝóéìï):</para>

	  <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct pap$IDENT</programlisting>

	  <para>Ãéá êÜèå ãñáììÞ dialup ðïõ åßíáé åíåñãïðïéçìÝíç óôï
	    <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>, äçìéïõñãÞóôå ìéá áíôßóôïé÷ç
	    êáôá÷þñéóç óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.
	    Ç êáôá÷þñéóç áõôÞ ìðïñåß íá óõíõðÜñ÷åé ÷ùñßò ðñüâëçìá ìå áõôÝò
	    ðïõ ïñßóáìå ðáñáðÜíù.</para>

	  <programlisting>pap:
  enable pap
  set ifaddr 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.20-203.14.100.40
  enable proxy</programlisting>

	  <para>ÊÜèå ÷ñÞóôçò ðïõ åéóÝñ÷åôáé ìå áõôü ôïí ôñüðï, èá ðñÝðåé íá
	    äéáèÝôåé üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç/êùäéêü óôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.secret</filename>.  ÅíáëëáêôéêÜ, ìðïñåßôå
	    íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù åðéëïãÞ þóôå íá ãßíåôáé ðéóôïðïßçóç
	    ôùí ÷ñçóôþí ìÝóù PAP ìå âÜóç ôá óôïé÷åßá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
	    <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>.</para>

	  <programlisting>enable passwdauth</programlisting>

	  <para>Áí èÝëåôå íá áðïäþóåôå óôáôéêü IP óå êÜðïéïõò ÷ñÞóôåò,
	    ìðïñåßôå íá êáèïñßóåôå ôçí äéåýèõíóç ùò ôñßôï üñéóìá óôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.secret</filename>.  Ãéá ðáñáäåßãìáôá,
	    äåßôå ôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/usr/share/examples/ppp/ppp.secret.sample</filename>.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>ÅðåêôÜóåéò MS</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>DNS</primary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>NetBIOS</primary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>PPP</primary>
	    <secondary>Microsoft extensions</secondary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>Åßíáé äõíáôüí íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï PPP þóôå íá ðáñÝ÷åé
	    äéåõèýíóåéò DNS êáé NetBIOS êáôÜ áðáßôçóç.</para>

	  <para>Ãéá íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå áõôÝò ôéò åðåêôÜóåéò ìå ôçí Ýêäïóç
	    1.x ôïõ PPP, èá ðñÝðåé íá ðñïóèÝóåôå ôéò ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÝò óôï
	    ó÷åôéêü ôìÞìá ôïõ <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.</para>

	  <programlisting>enable msext
set ns 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.2
set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>

	  <para>Ãéá ôï PPP áðü ôçí Ýêäïóç 2 êáé ðÜíù:</para>

	  <programlisting>accept dns
set dns 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.2
set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>

	  <para>Ôï ðáñáðÜíù èá åíçìåñþóåé ôïõò ðåëÜôåò ãéá ôïí êýñéï êáé
	    äåõôåñåýïíôá åîõðçñåôçôÞ DNS, êáé ãéá ôïí åîõðçñåôçôÞ ïíïìÜôùí
	    NetBIOS.</para>

	  <para>Áðü ôçí Ýêäïóç 2 êáé ðÜíù, áí ðáñáëåéöèåß ç ãñáììÞ
	    <literal>set dns</literal>, ôï PPP èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé ôéò ãñáììÝò
	    ðïõ èá âñåé óôï <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4 id="userppp-PAPnCHAP">
	  <title>Ðéóôïðïßçóç PAP êáé CHAP</title>

	  <indexterm><primary>PAP</primary></indexterm>
	  <indexterm><primary>CHAP</primary></indexterm>
	  <para>ÊÜðïéïé ISP ñõèìßæïõí ôá óõóôÞìáôá ôïõò ìå ôÝôïéï ôñüðï, þóôå
	    ôï êïììÜôé ôçò óýíäåóçò ðïõ áó÷ïëåßôáé ìå ôçí ðéóôïðïßçóç ôïõ
	    ÷ñÞóôç íá ãßíåôáé ìÝóù ôùí ìç÷áíéóìþí PAP Þ CHAP.  Áí óõìâáßíåé
	    áõôü óôç äéêÞ óáò ðåñßðôùóç, ï ISP óáò äåí èá óáò óôåßëåé ðñïôñïðÞ
	    login üôáí óõíäåèåßôå, áëëÜ èá áñ÷ßóåé áðåõèåßáò ôç ìåôÜäïóç
	    PPP.</para>

	  <para>Ôï PAP åßíáé ëéãüôåñï áóöáëÝò áðü ôï CHAP, áëëÜ ç áóöÜëåéá
	    åäþ äåí åßíáé ôüóï óðïõäáßï èÝìá, êáèþò ïé êùäéêïß (áí êáé
	    óôÝëíïíôáé ùò êáíïíéêü êåßìåíï) ìåôáäßäïíôáé ìüíï ìÝóù óåéñéáêÞò
	    ãñáììÞò.  ¸ôóé äåí õðÜñ÷åé ðñáãìáôéêÞ äõíáôüôçôá ôùí crackers
	    íá <quote>êñõöáêïýóïõí</quote>.</para>

	  <para>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ùò áíáöïñÜ ôéò åíüôçôåò <link
	      linkend="userppp-staticIP">PPP êáé ÓôáôéêÝò Äéåõèýíóåéò
	      IP</link> Þ <link linkend="userppp-dynamicIP">PPP êáé ÄõíáìéêÝò
	    Äéåõèýíóåéò IP</link>, èá ðñÝðåé íá ãßíïõí ïé ðáñáêÜôù
	    áëëáãÝò:</para>

	  <programlisting>13      set authname <replaceable>MyUserName</replaceable>
14      set authkey <replaceable>MyPassword</replaceable>
15      set login</programlisting>

	  <variablelist>
	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 13:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Ç ãñáììÞ áõôÞ êáèïñßæåé ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç ãéá ôá PAP/CHAP.
		  Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá åéóÜãåôå ôçí óùóôÞ ôéìÞ ãéá ôï
		  <replaceable>MyUserName</replaceable>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 14:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<indexterm><primary>password</primary></indexterm>

		<para>Ç ãñáììÞ áõôÞ êáèïñßæåé ôïí êùäéêü ãéá ôá PAP/CHAP.  Èá
		  ÷ñåéáóôåß íá åéóÜãåôå ôçí óùóôÞ ôéìÞ ãéá ôï
		  <replaceable>MyPassword</replaceable>.  ºóùò èÝëåôå íá
		  ðñïóèÝóåôå ìéá áêüìá ãñáììÞ, üðùò ôçí ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

		<programlisting>16      accept PAP</programlisting>

		<para>Þ</para>

		<programlisting>16      accept CHAP</programlisting>

		<para>ãéá íá åßíáé öáíåñÞ ç ðñüèåóç óáò, ùóôüóï ôüóï ôï PAP
		  üóï êáé ôï CHAP ãßíïíôáé äåêôÜ áðü ðñïåðéëïãÞ.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term>ÃñáììÞ 15:</term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>Ï ISP óáò äåí èá áðáéôåß öõóéïëïãéêÜ íá åéóÝëèåôå óôïí
		  åîõðçñåôçôÞ áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå PAP Þ CHAP.  Ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü,
		  èá ðñÝðåé íá áðåíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôï áëöáñéèìçôéêü
		  <quote>set login</quote>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>
	  </variablelist>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>ÁëëÜæïíôáò ¶ìåóá ôéò Ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ
	    <command>ppp</command></title>

	  <para>Åßíáé äõíáôüí íá åðéêïéíùíÞóåôå ìå ôï ðñüãñáììá
	    <command>ppp</command> êáèþò åêôåëåßôáé óôïí ðáñáóêÞíéï, áëëÜ
	    ìüíï áí Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé ìéá êáôÜëëçëç äéáãíùóôéêÞ èýñá ãéá áõôü
	    ôï óêïðü.  Ãéá íá ôï êÜíåôå áõôü, ðñïóèÝóôå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÞ
	    óôéò ñõèìßóåéò óáò:</para>

	  <programlisting>set server /var/run/ppp-tun<replaceable>%d</replaceable> DiagnosticPassword 0177</programlisting>

	  <para>Áõôü ïäçãåß ôï PPP íá <quote>áêïýåé</quote> óôï êáèïñéóìÝíï
	    &unix; socket ôïõ ôïìÝá, êáé íá ñùôÜåé ôïõò ðåëÜôåò ãéá ôïí
	    êùäéêü ðïõ Ý÷åé êáèïñéóôåß ðñéí åðéôñÝøåé ôçí ðñüóâáóç.  Ôï
	    <literal>%d</literal> óôï üíïìá, áíôéêáèßóôáôáé ìå ôïí áñéèìü ôçò
	    óõóêåõÞò <devicename>tun</devicename> ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé.</para>

	  <para>Áðü ôç óôéãìÞ ðïõ ñõèìéóôåß ôï socket, ôï ðñüãñáììá
	    &man.pppctl.8; ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß óå scripts ìå ôá ïðïßá
	    åðéèõìåßôå íá äéá÷åéñéóôåßôå ôï ðñüãñáììá <command>ppp</command>
	    ôï ïðïßï åêôåëåßôáé Þäç.</para>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="userppp-nat">
	<title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôç Äõíáôüôçôá ÌåôÜöñáóçò Äéåõèýíóåùí (NAT) ôïõ
	  PPP</title>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>PPP</primary><secondary>NAT</secondary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>Ôï PPP Ý÷åé ôçí éêáíüôçôá íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé äéêü ôïõ åóùôåñéêü
	  NAT, ÷ùñßò íá áðáéôïýíôáé ïé éêáíüôçôåò áíáêáôåýèõíóçò ôïõ ðõñÞíá.
	  Ìðïñåßôå íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå áõôÞ ôç ëåéôïõñãßá ìå ôçí áêüëïõèç
	  ãñáììÞ óôï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>:</para>

	<programlisting>nat enable yes</programlisting>

	<para>ÅíáëëáêôéêÜ, ôï NAT ôïõ PPP ìðïñåß íá åíåñãïðïéçèåß ìå ôçí
	  åðéëïãÞ <literal>-nat</literal> óôçí ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí.  Ìðïñåßôå áêüìá
	  íá âÜëåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ <literal>ppp_nat</literal> óôï áñ÷åßï
	  <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.  Ç åðéëïãÞ áõôÞ åßíáé
	  åíåñãïðïéçìÝíç áðü ðñïåðéëïãÞ.</para>

	<para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå áõôü ôï ÷áñáêôçñéóôéêü, ìÜëëïí èá âñåßôå
	  ÷ñÞóéìåò êáé ôéò ðáñáêÜôù åðéëïãÝò ãéá ôï
	  <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>, ìå ôéò ïðïßåò åíåñãïðïéåßôáé
	  ç ðñïþèçóç åéóåñ÷üìåíùí óõíäÝóåùí:</para>

	<programlisting>nat port tcp 10.0.0.2:ftp ftp
nat port tcp 10.0.0.2:http http</programlisting>

	<para>Þ áí äåí åìðéóôåýåóôå êáèüëïõ ôï åîùôåñéêü äßêôõï:</para>

	<programlisting>nat deny_incoming yes</programlisting>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="userppp-final">
	<title>ÔåëéêÝò Ñõèìßóåéò ÓõóôÞìáôïò</title>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>PPP</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>¸÷åôå ðëÝïí ñõèìßóåé ôï <command>ppp</command>, áëëÜ õðÜñ÷ïõí
	  ìåñéêÜ áêüìá ðñÜãìáôá ðïõ ðñÝðåé íá êÜíåôå ðñéí íá åßíáé Ýôïéìï ãéá
	  ëåéôïõñãßá.  ¼ëá ðåñéëáìâÜíïõí ôçí åðåîåñãáóßá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
	  <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.</para>

	<para>Îåêéíþíôáò áðü ôçí áñ÷Þ ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ áõôïý, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé åßíáé
	  ïñéóìÝíç ç ãñáììÞ <literal>hostname=</literal>, ð.÷.:</para>

	<programlisting>hostname="foo.example.com"</programlisting>

	<para>Áí ï ISP óáò ðáñÝ÷åé óôáôéêÞ IP äéåýèõíóç êáé üíïìá, åßíáé
	  ìÜëëïí êáëýôåñï íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå áõôü ôï üíïìá ùò üíïìá ãéá ôï
	  ìç÷Üíçìá óáò.</para>

	<para>ØÜîôå ãéá ôç ìåôáâëçôÞ <literal>network_interfaces</literal>.
	  Áí èÝëåôå íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï óýóôçìá óáò íá êáëåß ôïí ISP óáò êáôÜ
	  áðáßôçóç, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé õðÜñ÷åé óôç ëßóôá ç óõóêåõÞ
	  <devicename>tun0</devicename>, äéáöïñåôéêÜ áöáéñÝóôå ôçí.</para>

	<programlisting>network_interfaces="lo0 tun0"
ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>

	<note>
	  <para>Ç ìåôáâëçôÞ <literal>ifconfig_tun0</literal> èá ðñÝðåé íá
	    åßíáé Üäåéá, êáé èá ðñÝðåé íá äçìéïõñãçèåß Ýíá áñ÷åßï ìå üíïìá
	    <filename>/etc/start_if.tun0</filename>.  Ôï áñ÷åßï áõôü èá ðñÝðåé
	    íá ðåñéÝ÷åé ôçí ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÞ:</para>

	  <programlisting>ppp -auto mysystem</programlisting>

	  <para>Ôï script áõôü åêôåëåßôáé êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ñýèìéóçò ôïõ
	    äéêôýïõ, îåêéíþíôáò Ýôóé ôï äáßìïíá ppp óå êáôÜóôáóç áõôüìáôçò
	    ëåéôïõñãßáò.  Áí äéáèÝôåôå êÜðïéï ôïðéêü äßêôõï (LAN) ãéá ôï
	    ïðïßï ôï ìç÷Üíçìá áõôü Ý÷åé ôï ñüëï ôçò ðýëçò, ßóùò íá èÝëåôå
	    åðßóçò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ <option>-alias</option>.
	    Äåßôå ôç óåëßäá manual ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ëåðôïìÝñåéåò.</para>
	</note>

	<para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ç ìåôáâëçôÞ ãéá ôï ðñüãñáììá router Ý÷åé ôåèåß
	  óôï <literal>NO</literal> ìÝóù ôçò åðüìåíçò ãñáììÞò óôï
	  <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>

	<programlisting>router_enable="NO"</programlisting>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary><application>routed</application></primary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>Åßíáé óçìáíôéêü íá ìçí îåêéíÞóåé ï äáßìïíáò
	  <command>routed</command>, ï ïðïßïò óõíÞèùò äéáãñÜöåé ôéò
	  ðñïåðéëåãìÝíåò ôéìÝò ôïõ ðßíáêá äñïìïëüãçóçò ðïõ äçìéïõñãïýíôáé áðü
	  ôï <command>ppp</command>.</para>

	<para>Åßíáé ìÜëëïí êáëÞ éäÝá íá åîáóöáëßóåôå üôé ç ãñáììÞ
	  <literal>sendmail_flags</literal> äåí ðåñéëáìâÜíåé ôçí åðéëïãÞ
	  <option>-q</option>, äéáöïñåôéêÜ ôï <command>sendmail</command> èá
	  ðñïóðáèåß êÜèå ôüóï íá êÜíåé áíáæÞôçóç ôïõ äéêôýïõ, ìå ðéèáíü
	  áðïôÝëåóìá ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò íá åêôåëåß ôçëåöùíéêÞ óýíäåóç
	  (dial out).  Ìðïñåßôå íá äïêéìÜóåôå:</para>

	<programlisting>sendmail_flags="-bd"</programlisting>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary><application>sendmail</application></primary>
	</indexterm>
	<para>Ôï ìåéïíÝêôçìá ôïõ ðáñáðÜíù, åßíáé üôé ðñÝðåé íá åîáíáãêÜóåôå ôï
	  <command>sendmail</command> íá åðáíåîåôÜóåé ôçí ïõñÜ ôùí ìçíõìÜôùí,
	  êÜèå öïñÜ ðïõ áðïêáèßóôáôáé ç óýíäåóç ppp, ãñÜöïíôáò:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>/usr/sbin/sendmail -q</userinput></screen>

	<para>ºóùò èÝëåôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ
	  <command>!bg</command> óôï <filename>ppp.linkup</filename> ãéá íá
	  ãßíåôáé ôï ðáñáðÜíù áõôüìáôá:</para>

	<programlisting>1     provider:
2       delete ALL
3       add 0 0 HISADDR
4       !bg sendmail -bd -q30m</programlisting>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>SMTP</primary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>Áí áõôü äåí óáò áñÝóåé, åßíáé äõíáôüí íá ñõèìßóåôå Ýíá
	  <quote>dfilter</quote> ôï ïðïßï íá áðïêüðôåé ôçí êßíçóç SMTP.
	  Äåßôå ôá õðïäåßãìáôá ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ëåðôïìÝñåéåò.</para>

	<para>Ôï ìüíï ðïõ ìÝíåé åßíáé íá åðáíåêêéíÞóåôå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá.  ÌåôÜ
	  ôçí åðáíåêêßíçóç, ìðïñåßôå åßôå íá ãñÜøåôå:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp</userinput></screen>

	<para>êáé Ýðåéôá <command>dial provider</command> ãéá íá îåêéíÞóåôå
	  ôç óõíåäñßá PPP, Þ áí èÝëåôå ôï <command>ppp</command> íá
	  áðïêáèéóôÜ ôéò óõíåäñßåò áõôüìáôá êÜèå öïñÜ ðïõ õðÜñ÷åé êßíçóç
	  ðñïò ôï åîùôåñéêü äßêôõï (êáé äåí Ý÷åôå äçìéïõñãÞóåé ôï script
	  <filename>start_if.tun0</filename>) ìðïñåßôå íá ãñÜøåôå:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp -auto provider</userinput></screen>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>Ðåñßëçøç</title>

	<para>Ãéá íá áíáêåöáëáéþóïõìå, ôá ðáñáêÜôù âÞìáôá åßíáé áðáñáßôçôá
	  üôáí åãêáèéóôÜôå ôï ppp ãéá ðñþôç öïñÜ:</para>

	<para>Áðü ôç ìåñéÜ ôïõ ìç÷áíÞìáôïò-ðåëÜôç:</para>

	<procedure>
	  <step>
	    <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ðåñéëáìâÜíåôáé óôïí ðõñÞíá óáò ç óõóêåõÞ
	      <devicename>tun</devicename>.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé õðÜñ÷åé ôï áñ÷åßï ôçò óõóêåõÞò
	      <filename
		class="devicefile">tun<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
	      óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename
		class="directory">/dev</filename>.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç óôï áñ÷åßï
	      <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.  Ôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ãéá ôï
	      <filename>pmdemand</filename> èá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé åðáñêÝò ãéá
	      ôïõò ðåñéóóüôåñïõò ISPs.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Áí Ý÷åôå äõíáìéêÞ äéåýèõíóç IP, äçìéïõñãÞóôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç
	      óôï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename>.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Åíçìåñþóôå ôï áñ÷åßï
	      <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå ôï script <filename>start_if.tun0</filename> áí
	      ÷ñåéÜæåóôå êëÞóç êáôÜ áðáßôçóç.</para>
	  </step>
	</procedure>

	<para>Áðü ôç ìåñéÜ ôïõ åîõðçñåôçôÞ:</para>

	<procedure>
	  <step>
	    <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ðåñéëáìâÜíåôáé óôïí ðõñÞíá óáò ç óõóêåõÞ
	      <devicename>tun</devicename>.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé õðÜñ÷åé ôï áñ÷åßï ôçò óõóêåõÞò
	      <filename
		class="devicefile">tun<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
	      óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename
		class="directory">/dev</filename>.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç óôï
	      <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> (÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï ðñüãñáììá
	      &man.vipw.8;).</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå Ýíá áñ÷åßï profile óôïí ðñïóùðéêü êáôÜëïãï ôïõ
	      ÷ñÞóôç, ôï ïðïßï íá åêôåëåß ôçí åíôïëÞ
	      <command>ppp -direct direct-server</command> Þ êÜðïéá
	      áíôßóôïé÷ç.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç óôï
	      <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.  Ôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ãéá ôï
	      <filename>direct-server</filename> èá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé
	      åðáñêÝò.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç óôï
	      <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename>.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Åíçìåñþóôå ôï áñ÷åßï
	      <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.</para>
	  </step>
	</procedure>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="ppp">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Gennady B.</firstname>
	  <surname>Sorokopud</surname>
	  <contrib>ÊÜðïéá ôìÞìáôá ðñïÝñ÷ïíôáé áðü áñ÷éêÞ óõíåéóöïñÜ
	    ôùí </contrib>
	</author>

	<author>
	  <firstname>Robert</firstname>
	  <surname>Huff</surname>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
    </sect1info>

    <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï PPP ôïõ ÐõñÞíá</title>

    <warning>
      <para>Ç åíüôçôá áõôÞ åßíáé Ýãêõñç êáé ìðïñåß íá åöáñìïóôåß ìüíï óå
	óõóôÞìáôá &os;&nbsp;7.X.</para>
    </warning>

    <sect2>
      <title>Ñõèìßæïíôáò ôï PPP ôïõ ÐõñÞíá</title>

      <indexterm>
	<primary>PPP</primary>
	<secondary>kernel PPP</secondary>
      </indexterm>

      <para>Ðñéí îåêéíÞóåôå íá ñõèìßæåôå ôï PPP óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò, âåâáéùèåßôå
	üôé ôï <command>pppd</command> âñßóêåôáé óôïí êáôÜëïãï
	<filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename> êáé üôé õðÜñ÷åé ï
	êáôÜëïãïò <filename class="directory">/etc/ppp</filename>.</para>

      <para>Ôï <command>pppd</command> Ý÷åé äýï êáôáóôÜóåéò
	ëåéôïõñãßáò:</para>

      <orderedlist>
	<listitem>
	  <para>Ùò ðåëÜôçò (<quote>client</quote>) &mdash; üôáí èÝëåôå íá
	    óõíäÝóåôå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò ìå ôïí Ýîù êüóìï ìÝóù óåéñéáêÞò óýíäåóçò
	    óýíäåóçò Þ ãñáììÞò modem.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>PPP</primary>
	    <secondary>server</secondary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>Ùò åîõðçñåôçôÞò (<quote>server</quote>) &mdash; ôï ìç÷Üíçìá
	    óáò åßíáé óõíäåìÝíï óôï äßêôõï êáé ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá íá
	    óõíäÝóåé Üëëïõò õðïëïãéóôÝò, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï PPP.</para>
	</listitem>
      </orderedlist>

      <para>Êáé óôéò äýï ðåñéðôþóåéò èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå Ýíá áñ÷åßï
	åðéëïãþí (<filename>/etc/ppp/options</filename> Þ
	<filename>~/.ppprc</filename> áí óôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò õðÜñ÷ïõí
	ðåñéóóüôåñïé áðü Ýíáò ÷ñÞóôåò ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí ôï PPP).</para>

      <para>Èá ÷ñåéáóôåßôå åðßóçò êáé êÜðïéï ëïãéóìéêü ãéá ÷ñÞóç ìå modem
	êáé óåéñéáêÝò óõíäÝóåéò (êáôÜ ðñïôßìçóç ôï <filename
	  role="package">comms/kermit</filename>), þóôå íá ìðïñåßôå íá
	êáëÝóåôå êáé íá áðïêáôáóôÞóåôå ôç óýíäåóç ìå ôïí áðïìáêñõóìÝíï
	åîõðçñåôçôÞ.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <sect2info>
	<authorgroup>
	  <author>
	    <firstname>Trev</firstname>
	    <surname>Roydhouse</surname>
	    <contrib>ÂáóéóìÝíï óå ðëçñïöïñßåò ðïõ ðáñåß÷å ï </contrib>
	    <!-- Trev.Roydhouse@f401.n711.z3.fidonet.org -->
	  </author>
	</authorgroup>
      </sect2info>

      <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï <command>pppd</command> ùò ÐåëÜôçò</title>

      <indexterm>
	<primary>PPP</primary>
	<secondary>client</secondary>
      </indexterm>

      <indexterm>
	<primary>Cisco</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <para>Ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï
	<filename>/etc/ppp/options</filename> ðïõ öáßíåôáé ðáñáêÜôù, ãéá íá
	óõíäåèåßôå óå ìéá ãñáììÞ PPP åíüò åîõðçñåôçôÞ ôåñìáôéêþí (terminal
	server) ôçò Cisco.</para>

      <programlisting>crtscts         # enable hardware flow control
modem           # modem control line
noipdefault     # remote PPP server must supply your IP address
                # if the remote host does not send your IP during IPCP
                # negotiation, remove this option
passive         # wait for LCP packets
domain ppp.foo.com      # put your domain name here

:<replaceable>remote_ip</replaceable>    # put the IP of remote PPP host here
                # it will be used to route packets via PPP link
                # if you didn't specified the noipdefault option
                # change this line to <replaceable>local_ip</replaceable>:<replaceable>remote_ip</replaceable>

defaultroute    # put this if you want that PPP server will be your
                # default router</programlisting>

      <para>Ãéá íá óõíäåèåßôå:</para>

      <indexterm><primary>Kermit</primary></indexterm>
      <indexterm><primary>modem</primary></indexterm>
      <procedure>
	<step>
	  <para>ÊáëÝóôå ôïí áðïìáêñõóìÝíï åîõðçñåôçôÞ ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï
	    <application>Kermit</application> (Þ êÜðïéï Üëëï ðñüãñáììá ãéá
	    modem) êáé åéóÜãåôå ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç êáé ôïí êùäéêü óáò (Þ üôé Üëëï
	    ÷ñåéÜæåôáé ãéá íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôï PPP óôïí áðïìáêñõóìÝíï
	    õðïëïãéóôÞ).</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>Âãåßôå áðü ôï <application>Kermit</application> (÷ùñßò íá
	    êëåßóåôå ôç ãñáììÞ).</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>ÐëçêôñïëïãÞóôå ôá ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>/usr/sbin/pppd <replaceable>/dev/tty01</replaceable> <replaceable>19200</replaceable></userinput></screen>

	  <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôï óùóôü üíïìá óõóêåõÞò êáé
	    ôçí êáôÜëëçëç ôá÷ýôçôá.</para>
	</step>
      </procedure>

      <para>Ï õðïëïãéóôÞò óáò åßíáé ôþñá óõíäåìÝíïò ìÝóù PPP.  Áí ç óýíäåóç
	áðïôý÷åé, ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
	<option>debug</option> óôï áñ÷åßï
	<filename>/etc/ppp/options</filename> êáé íá åëÝãîåôå ôá ìçíýìáôá óôçí
	êïíóüëá ãéá íá áíé÷íåýóåôå ôï ðñüâëçìá.</para>

      <para>Ôï ðáñáêÜôù script <filename>/etc/ppp/pppup</filename>
	áõôïìáôïðïéåß êáé ôá 3 óôÜäéá:</para>

      <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
pgrep -l pppd
pid=`pgrep pppd`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
        kill ${pid}
fi
pgrep -l kermit
pid=`pgrep kermit`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
        kill -9 ${pid}
fi

ifconfig ppp0 down
ifconfig ppp0 delete

kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.dial
pppd /dev/tty01 19200</programlisting>

      <indexterm>
	<primary>Kermit</primary>
      </indexterm>

      <para>Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/ppp/kermit.dial</filename> åßíáé Ýíá
	script ãéá ôï <application>Kermit</application> ôï ïðïßï êÜíåé ôçí
	êëÞóç êáé ôçí ðéóôïðïßçóç ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç óôïí áðïìáêñõóìÝíï õðïëïãéóôÞ
	(óôï ôÝëïò áõôïý ôïõ åããñÜöïõ, èá âñåßôå Ýíá ðáñÜäåéãìá ãéá Ýíá
	ôÝôïéï script).</para>

      <para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï ðáñáêÜôù script
	<filename>/etc/ppp/pppdown</filename> ãéá íá áðïóõíäÝóåôå ôçí ãñáììÞ
	PPP:</para>

      <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
pid=`pgrep pppd`
if [ X${pid} != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
        kill -TERM ${pid}
fi

pgrep -l kermit
pid=`pgrep kermit`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
        kill -9 ${pid}
fi

/sbin/ifconfig ppp0 down
/sbin/ifconfig ppp0 delete
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.hup
/etc/ppp/ppptest</programlisting>

      <para>ÅëÝãîôå áí åêôåëåßôáé áêüìá ôï <command>pppd</command>,
	åêôåëþíôáò ôï <filename>/usr/etc/ppp/ppptest</filename>, ôï ïðïßï èá
	ìïéÜæåé ìå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

      <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
pid=`pgrep pppd`
if [ X${pid} != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'pppd running: PID=' ${pid-NONE}
else
        echo 'No pppd running.'
fi
set -x
netstat -n -I ppp0
ifconfig ppp0</programlisting>

      <para>Ãéá íá êëåßóåôå ôçí ãñáììÞ, åêôåëÝóôå ôï
	<filename>/etc/ppp/kermit.hup</filename>, ôï ïðïßï èá ðñÝðåé íá
	ðåñéÝ÷åé:</para>

      <programlisting>set line /dev/tty01	; put your modem device here
set speed 19200
set file type binary
set file names literal
set win 8
set rec pack 1024
set send pack 1024
set block 3
set term bytesize 8
set command bytesize 8
set flow none

pau 1
out +++
inp 5 OK
out ATH0\13
echo \13
exit</programlisting>

      <para>Ìéá åíáëëáêôéêÞ ìÝèïäïò ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï
	<command>chat</command> áíôß ãéá ôï
	<command>kermit</command>:</para>

      <para>Ôá ðáñáêÜôù äýï áñ÷åßá åðáñêïýí ãéá ôç äçìéïõñãßá ìéáò óýíäåóçò
	<command>pppd</command>.</para>

      <para><filename>/etc/ppp/options</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>/dev/cuad1 115200

crtscts		# enable hardware flow control
modem		# modem control line
connect "/usr/bin/chat -f /etc/ppp/login.chat.script"
noipdefault	# remote PPP serve must supply your IP address
	        # if the remote host doesn't send your IP during
                # IPCP negotiation, remove this option
passive         # wait for LCP packets
domain <replaceable>your.domain</replaceable>	# put your domain name here

:		# put the IP of remote PPP host here
	        # it will be used to route packets via PPP link
                # if you didn't specified the noipdefault option
                # change this line to <replaceable>local_ip</replaceable>:<replaceable>remote_ip</replaceable>

defaultroute	# put this if you want that PPP server will be
	        # your default router</programlisting>

      <para><filename>/etc/ppp/login.chat.script</filename>:</para>

      <note>
	<para>Ôï ðáñáêÜôù èá ðñÝðåé íá ãñáöåß óå ìéá ìüíï ãñáììÞ.</para>
      </note>

      <programlisting>ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' "" AT OK ATDT<replaceable>phone.number</replaceable>
  CONNECT "" TIMEOUT 10 ogin:-\\r-ogin: <replaceable>login-id</replaceable>
  TIMEOUT 5 sword: <replaceable>password</replaceable></programlisting>

      <para>Ìüëéò ôñïðïðïéÞóåôå êáé åãêáôáóôÞóåôå óùóôÜ ôá ðáñáðÜíù áñ÷åßá,
	ôï ìüíï ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá êÜíåôå åßíáé íá åêôåëÝóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ
	<command>pppd</command>, ìå ôïí ôñüðï ðïõ öáßíåôáé ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pppd</userinput></screen>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï <command>pppd</command> ùò ÅîõðçñåôçôÞ</title>

      <para>Ôï <filename>/etc/ppp/options</filename> èá ðñÝðåé íá ðåñéÝ÷åé
	êÜôé áíôßóôïé÷ï ìå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

      <programlisting>crtscts                         # Hardware flow control
netmask 255.255.255.0           # netmask (not required)
192.114.208.20:192.114.208.165  # IP's of local and remote hosts
                                # local ip must be different from one
                                # you assigned to the Ethernet (or other)
                                # interface on your machine.
                                # remote IP is IP address that will be
                                # assigned to the remote machine
domain ppp.foo.com              # your domain
passive                         # wait for LCP
modem                           # modem line</programlisting>

      <para>Ôï script <filename>/etc/ppp/pppserv</filename> ðïõ öáßíåôáé
	ðáñáêÜôù, èá ðåé óôï <application>pppd</application> íá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé
	ùò åîõðçñåôçôÞò:</para>

      <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
pgrep -l pppd
pid=`pgrep pppd`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
        kill ${pid}
fi
pgrep -l kermit
pid=`pgrep kermit`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
        kill -9 ${pid}
fi

# reset ppp interface
ifconfig ppp0 down
ifconfig ppp0 delete

# enable autoanswer mode
kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.ans

# run ppp
pppd /dev/tty01 19200</programlisting>

      <para>×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï ðáñáêÜôù script
	<filename>/etc/ppp/pppservdown</filename> ãéá íá óôáìáôÞóåôå ôïí
	åîõðçñåôçôÞ:</para>

      <programlisting>#!/bin/sh
pgrep -l pppd
pid=`pgrep pppd`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing pppd, PID=' ${pid}
        kill ${pid}
fi
pgrep -l kermit
pid=`pgrep kermit`
if [ "X${pid}" != "X" ] ; then
        echo 'killing kermit, PID=' ${pid}
        kill -9 ${pid}
fi
ifconfig ppp0 down
ifconfig ppp0 delete

kermit -y /etc/ppp/kermit.noans</programlisting>

      <para>Ôï ðáñáêÜôù script ãéá ôï <application>Kermit</application>
	(<filename>/etc/ppp/kermit.ans</filename>) ìðïñåß íá åíåñãïðïéåß êáé
	íá áðåíåñãïðïéåß ôçí ëåéôïõñãßá áõôüìáôçò áðÜíôçóçò óôï modem
	óáò.</para>

      <programlisting>set line /dev/tty01
set speed 19200
set file type binary
set file names literal
set win 8
set rec pack 1024
set send pack 1024
set block 3
set term bytesize 8
set command bytesize 8
set flow none

pau 1
out +++
inp 5 OK
out ATH0\13
inp 5 OK
echo \13
out ATS0=1\13   ; change this to out ATS0=0\13 if you want to disable
                ; autoanswer mode
inp 5 OK
echo \13
exit</programlisting>

      <para>Óôïí áðïìáêñõóìÝíï õðïëïãéóôÞ, ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ôï script
	<filename>/etc/ppp/kermit.dial</filename> ãéá êëÞóç êáé ðéóôïðïßçóç
	ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç.  Èá ðñÝðåé íá ôï ôñïðïðïéÞóåôå óýìöùíá ìå ôéò áíÜãêåò óáò.
	ÂÜëôå ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç êáé ôïí êùäéêü óáò óå áõôü ôï script.
	Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß åðßóçò íá áëëÜîåôå ôçí ãñáììÞ ãéá ôçí åßóïäï (input)
	áíÜëïãá ìå ôéò áðáíôÞóåéò ðïõ äßíåé ôï modem óáò êáé ï áðïìáêñõóìÝíïò
	õðïëïãéóôÞò.</para>

      <programlisting>;
; put the com line attached to the modem here:
;
set line /dev/tty01
;
; put the modem speed here:
;
set speed 19200
set file type binary            ; full 8 bit file xfer
set file names literal
set win 8
set rec pack 1024
set send pack 1024
set block 3
set term bytesize 8
set command bytesize 8
set flow none
set modem hayes
set dial hangup off
set carrier auto                ; Then SET CARRIER if necessary,
set dial display on             ; Then SET DIAL if necessary,
set input echo on
set input timeout proceed
set input case ignore
def \%x 0                       ; login prompt counter
goto slhup

:slcmd                          ; put the modem in command mode
echo Put the modem in command mode.
clear                           ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
pause 1
output +++                      ; hayes escape sequence
input 1 OK\13\10                ; wait for OK
if success goto slhup
output \13
pause 1
output at\13
input 1 OK\13\10
if fail goto slcmd              ; if modem doesn't answer OK, try again

:slhup                          ; hang up the phone
clear                           ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
pause 1
echo Hanging up the phone.
output ath0\13                  ; hayes command for on hook
input 2 OK\13\10
if fail goto slcmd              ; if no OK answer, put modem in command mode

:sldial                         ; dial the number
pause 1
echo Dialing.
output atdt9,550311\13\10               ; put phone number here
assign \%x 0                    ; zero the time counter

:look
clear                           ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
increment \%x                   ; Count the seconds
input 1 {CONNECT }
if success goto sllogin
reinput 1 {NO CARRIER\13\10}
if success goto sldial
reinput 1 {NO DIALTONE\13\10}
if success goto slnodial
reinput 1 {\255}
if success goto slhup
reinput 1 {\127}
if success goto slhup
if &lt; \%x 60 goto look
else goto slhup

:sllogin                        ; login
assign \%x 0                    ; zero the time counter
pause 1
echo Looking for login prompt.

:slloop
increment \%x                   ; Count the seconds
clear                           ; Clear unread characters from input buffer
output \13
;
; put your expected login prompt here:
;
input 1 {Username: }
if success goto sluid
reinput 1 {\255}
if success goto slhup
reinput 1 {\127}
if success goto slhup
if &lt; \%x 10 goto slloop         ; try 10 times to get a login prompt
else goto slhup                 ; hang up and start again if 10 failures

:sluid
;
; put your userid here:
;
output ppp-login\13
input 1 {Password: }
;
; put your password here:
;
output ppp-password\13
input 1 {Entering SLIP mode.}
echo
quit

:slnodial
echo \7No dialtone.  Check the telephone line!\7
exit 1

; local variables:
; mode: csh
; comment-start: "; "
; comment-start-skip: "; "
; end:</programlisting>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="ppp-troubleshoot">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Tom</firstname>
	  <surname>Rhodes</surname>
	  <contrib>ÓõíåéóöïñÜ ôïõ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
      <!-- 13 June 2003 -->
    </sect1info>
    <title>Áíôéìåôþðéóç ÐñïâëçìÜôùí óå ÓõíäÝóåéò
      <acronym>PPP</acronym></title>

    <indexterm>
      <primary>PPP</primary>
      <secondary>troubleshooting</secondary>
    </indexterm>

    <warning>
      <para>Áðü ôï &os;&nbsp;8.0 êáé ìåôÜ, ôï ðñüãñáììá ïäÞãçóçò &man.sio.4;
	áíôéêáôáóôÜèçêå áðü ôï &man.uart.4;.  Ôá ïíüìáôá óõóêåõþí ôùí
	óåéñéáêþí èõñþí Ý÷ïõí áëëÜîåé áðü
	<filename>/dev/cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> óå
	<filename>/dev/cuau<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> êáé áðü
	<filename>/dev/ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> óå
	<filename>/dev/ttyu<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>.
	Ïé ÷ñÞóôåò ôïõ &os;&nbsp;7.X èá ðñÝðåé íá ðñïóáñìüóïõí ôéò ðáñáêÜôù
	ïäçãßåò óýìöùíá ìå áõôÝò ôéò áëëáãÝò.</para>
    </warning>

    <para>Ç åíüôçôá áõôÞ êáëýðôåé ìåñéêÜ áðü ôá ðñïâëÞìáôá ðïõ ìðïñåß íá
      ðáñïõóéáóôïýí üôáí ãßíåôáé ÷ñÞóç ôïõ PPP ìÝóù óýíäåóçò modem.  Ãéá
      ðáñÜäåéãìá, èá ðñÝðåé íá îÝñåôå ìå áêñßâåéá ôá ìçíýìáôá åéóüäïõ ðïõ èá
      åìöáíßóåé ôï óýóôçìá ôï ïðïßï êáëåßôå.  Ìåñéêïß <acronym>ISP</acronym>
      äßíïõí ôçí ðñïôñïðÞ <literal>ssword</literal>, åíþ Üëëïé äßíïõí ôçí
      <literal>password</literal>.  Áí äåí Ý÷åôå ãñÜøåé óùóôÜ ôï script ãéá
      ôï <command>ppp</command>, ç áðüðåéñá åéóüäïõ èá áðïôý÷åé.  Ï ðéï
      óõíçèéóìÝíïò ôñüðïò íá åêóöáëìáôþóåôå ìéá óýíäåóç
      <command>ppp</command>, åßíáé íá óõíäåèåßôå ÷åéñïêßíçôá.  Ïé ðëçñïöïñßåò
      ðïõ åìöáíßæïíôáé ðáñáêÜôù, èá óáò ïäçãÞóïõí âÞìá ðñïò âÞìá óôç
      ÷åéñïêßíçôç áðïêáôÜóôáóç ôçò óýíäåóçò.</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>ÅëÝãîôå ôá Áñ÷åßá Óõóêåõþí</title>

      <para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ðñïóáñìïóìÝíï ðõñÞíá, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åôå
	ðåñéëÜâåé ôçí ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÞ óôï áñ÷åßï ñõèìßóåùí ôïõ ðõñÞíá
	óáò:</para>

      <programlisting>device   uart</programlisting>

      <para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôïí ðõñÞíá <literal>GENERIC</literal>, äåí
	÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá êÜíåôå êÜðïéá áëëáãÞ, êáèþò ç óõóêåýç
	<devicename>uart</devicename> ðåñéëáìâÜíåôáé Þäç óå áõôüí.
	Áðëþò åëÝãîôå ôá ìçíýìáôá ôçò <command>dmesg</command> ãéá ôçí
	óõóêåõÞ modem, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí ðáñáêÜôù åíôïëÞ:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dmesg | grep uart</userinput></screen>

      <para>Èá ðñÝðåé íá äåßôå êÜðïéá Ýîïäï ó÷åôéêÞ ìå ôéò óõóêåõÝò
	<devicename>uart</devicename>.  Ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ôéò èýñåò COM ðïõ
	÷ñåéáæüìáóôå.  Áí ôï modem óáò ëåéôïõñãåß ùò ôõðïðïéçìÝíç óåéñéáêÞ
	èýñá, èá ðñÝðåé íá ôï äåßôå íá áíáöÝñåôáé ùò
	<devicename>uart1</devicename>, Þ <devicename>COM2</devicename>.  Áí
	óõìâáßíåé áõôü, äåí ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá åðáíáìåôáãëùôôßóåôå ôïí ðõñÞíá
	óáò.  Áí ç óåéñéáêÞ èýñá ðïõ áíôéóôïé÷åß óôï modem óáò åßíáé ç
	<devicename>uart1</devicename> Þ <devicename>COM2</devicename> óôï
	DOS, ç áíôßóôïé÷ç óõóêåõÞ modem èá åßíáé ç
	<filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau1</filename>.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>×åéñïêßíçôç Óýíäåóç</title>

      <para>Ç ÷åéñïêßíçôç óýíäåóç óôï Internet ìå ÷ñÞóç ôçò
	<command>ppp</command>, åßíáé Ýíáò ãñÞãïñïò êáé åýêïëïò ôñüðïò íá
	åíôïðßóåôå ôõ÷üí ðñïâëÞìáôá óýíäåóçò, Þ áðëþò íá ðÜñåôå ðëçñïöïñßåò
	ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôï ðùò ï <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò áíôéìåôùðßæåé ôéò
	óõíäÝóåéò ðåëáôþí <command>ppp</command>.  Èá îåêéíÞóïõìå ôçí
	åöáñìïãÞ <application>PPP</application> áðü ôçí ãñáììÞ åíôïëþí.
	Óçìåéþóôå üôé óå üëá ìáò ôá ðáñáäåßãìáôá, èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýìå ôï
	<emphasis>example</emphasis> ùò ôï üíïìá ôïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ ðïõ åêôåëåß
	ôï <application>PPP</application>.  Ìðïñåßôå íá îåêéíÞóåôå ôï
	<command>ppp</command>, ãñÜöïíôáò áðëþò <command>ppp</command>:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp</userinput></screen>

      <para>¸÷ïõìå ôþñá îåêéíÞóåé ôï <command>ppp</command>.</para>

      <screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set device <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau1</filename></userinput></screen>

      <para>ÈÝôïõìå ôç óõóêåõÞ modem.  Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò, åßíáé ç
	<devicename>cuau1</devicename>.</para>

      <screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set speed 115200</userinput></screen>

      <para>ÈÝôïõìå ôçí ôá÷ýôçôá óýíäåóçò, óå áõôÞ ôçí ðåñßðôùóç
	÷ñçóéìïðïéïýìå 115,200 <acronym>kbps</acronym>.</para>

      <screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>enable dns</userinput></screen>

      <para>ËÝìå óôï <command>ppp</command> íá ñõèìßóåé ôïí
	resolver êáé ðñïóèÝôïõìå ôéò êáôÜëëçëåò ãñáììÝò ãéá ôï äéáêïìéóôÞ
	ïíïìÜôùí óôï <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.  Áí ôï
	<command>ppp</command> äåí ìðïñåß íá êáèïñßóåé ôï üíïìá ôïõ
	äéáêïìéóôÞ, ìðïñïýìå íá ôï êáèïñßóïõìå ìå ÷åéñïêßíçôï ôñüðï
	áñãüôåñá.</para>

      <screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>term</userinput></screen>

      <para>ÁëëÜæïõìå óå êáôÜóôáóç <quote>terminal</quote> þóôå íá ìðïñïýìå
	íá åëÝãîïõìå ôï modem ÷åéñïêßíçôá.</para>

      <programlisting>deflink: Entering terminal mode on <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau1</filename>
type '~h' for help</programlisting>

      <screen><userinput>at</userinput>
OK
<userinput>atdt<replaceable>123456789</replaceable></userinput></screen>

      <para>×ñçóéìïðïéïýìå ôï <command>at</command> ãéá íá áñ÷éêïðïéÞóïõìå ôï
	modem, êáé Ýðåéôá ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýìå ôï <command>atdt</command> êáé ôïí
	áñéèìü ôïõ <acronym>ISP</acronym> ãéá íá îåêéíÞóïõìå ôç äéáäéêáóßá
	ôçò êëÞóçò.</para>

      <screen>CONNECT</screen>

      <para>Åäþ Ý÷ïõìå åðéâåâáßùóç ôçò óýíäåóçò.  Áí Ý÷ïõìå ðñïâëÞìáôá
	óýíäåóçò ôá ïðïßá äåí ó÷åôßæïíôáé ìå ôï õëéêü ìáò, åäþ åßíáé ôï óçìåßï
	ðïõ ðñÝðåé íá ðñïóðáèÞóïõìå íá ôá åðéëýóïõìå.</para>

      <screen>ISP Login:<userinput>myusername</userinput></screen>

      <para>Ç ðñïôñïðÞ áõôÞ åßíáé ãéá íá äþóïõìå ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç.
	×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç ðïõ óáò Ý÷åé äïèåß áðü ôïí
	<acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò.</para>

      <screen>ISP Pass:<userinput>mypassword</userinput></screen>

      <para>Ç ðñïôñïðÞ áõôÞ åßíáé ãéá ôïí êùäéêü ðñüóâáóçò.  ÁðáíôÞóôå ìå ôïí
	êùäéêü ðïõ óáò Ý÷åé äïèåß áðü ôïí <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò.
	Ï êùäéêüò áõôüò äåí èá åìöáíéóôåß óôçí ïèüíç óáò, üðùò áêñéâþò
	óõìâáßíåé êáé ìå ôïí êùäéêü óáò üôáí ôïí ãñÜöåôå óôçí ðñïôñïðÞ åéóüäïõ
	ôïõ &os; óõóôÞìáôïò óáò.</para>

      <screen>Shell or PPP:<userinput>ppp</userinput></screen>

      <para>ÁíÜëïãá ìå ôïí <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò, ìðïñåß íá ìçí äåßôå êáé
	êáèüëïõ ôçí ðáñáðÜíù ðñïôñïðÞ.  Óôçí ðáñáðÜíù ðåñßðôùóç ìáò ñùôÜåé
	áí åðéèõìïýìå íá åêôåëÝóïõìå êÜðïéï êÝëõöïò (shell) óôï ìç÷Üíçìá ôïõ
	ðáñï÷Ýá, Þ áí èÝëïõìå íá åêêéíÞóïõìå ôï <command>ppp</command>.
	Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò åðéëÝîáìå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóïõìå
	<command>ppp</command> êáèþò èÝëïõìå íá óõíäåèïýìå óôï
	Internet.</para>

      <screen>Ppp ON example&gt;</screen>

      <para>ÐáñáôçñÞóôå üôé óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ôï ðñþôï <option>p</option>
	åßíáé êåöáëáßï.  Áõôü äåß÷íåé üôé Ý÷ïõìå óõíäåèåß åðéôõ÷þò ìå ôïí
	<acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>

      <screen>PPp ON example&gt;</screen>

      <para>¸÷ïõìå ðéóôïðïéçèåß ìå åðéôõ÷ßá áðü ôïí <acronym>ISP</acronym>
	ìáò, êáé ðåñéìÝíïõìå íá ìáò áðïäïèåß äéåýèõíóç
	<acronym>IP</acronym>.</para>

      <screen>PPP ON example&gt;</screen>

      <para>¸÷åé ðëÝïí êáèïñéóôåß äéåýèõíóç <acronym>IP</acronym>, êáé Ý÷ïõìå
	ïëïêëçñþóåé ôç óýíäåóç ìå åðéôõ÷ßá.</para>

      <screen>PPP ON example&gt;<userinput>add default HISADDR</userinput></screen>

      <para>Åäþ ðñïóèÝôïõìå ôçí ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç äéáäñïìÞ (default route).
	Ôï âÞìá áõôü åßíáé áðáñáßôçôï ðñéí ìðïñÝóïõìå íá åðéêïéíùíÞóïõìå ìå
	ôïí Ýîù êüóìï, êáèþò ôç äåäïìÝíç óôéãìÞ ç ìüíç óýíäåóç ðïõ Ý÷ïõìå
	åßíáé ìå Ýíá õðïëïãéóôÞ áðü ôçí Üëëç ìåñéÜ ôçò ãñáììÞò.  Áí ôï
	ðáñáðÜíù áðïôý÷åé åðåéäÞ õðÜñ÷ïõí Þäç êáèïñéóìÝíåò äéáäñïìÝò,
	ìðïñåßôå íá âÜëåôå Ýíá èáõìáóôéêü <literal>!</literal> ìðñïóôÜ áðü ôï
	<option>add</option>.  ÅíáëëáêôéêÜ, ìðïñåßôå íá êÜíåôå áõôÞ ôç
	ñýèìéóç ðñéí åðé÷åéñÞóåôå ôç óýíäåóç, êáé èá ãßíåé áõôüìáôá
	äéáðñáãìÜôåõóç ôçò íÝáò äéáäñïìÞò.</para>

      <para>Áí üëá ðÞãáí êáëÜ, èá ðñÝðåé ôþñá íá Ý÷åôå åíåñãÞ óýíäåóç ìå ôï
	Internet, ôçí ïðïßá ìðïñåßôå íá ìåôáêéíÞóåôå óôï ðáñáóêÞíéï
	÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï óõíäõáóìü ðëÞêôñùí
	<keycombo action="simul"><keycap>CTRL</keycap>
	<keycap>z</keycap></keycombo>.  Áí ðáñáôçñÞóåôå ôï
	<command>PPP</command> íá ãßíåôáé îáíÜ <command>ppp</command>,
	ç óýíäåóç Ý÷åé äéáêïðåß.  Ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü ìðïñåßôå íá ðáñáêïëïõèåßôå
	ôçí êáôÜóôáóç ôçò óýíäåóç óáò.  Ôá êåöáëáßá P äåß÷íïõí üôé õðÜñ÷åé
	óýíäåóç ìå ôïí <acronym>ISP</acronym> åíþ ôá ìéêñÜ p äåß÷íïõí üôé
	ãéá êÜðïéï ëüãï ç óýíäåóç Ý÷åé ÷áèåß.  Ôï <command>ppp</command> Ý÷åé
	ìüíï áõôÝò ôéò äýï êáôáóôÜóåéò.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>Áíôéìåôþðéóç ÐñïâëçìÜôùí</title>

	<para>Áí Ý÷åôå áðåõèåßáò ãñáììÞ êáé äåí öáßíåôáé íá ìðïñåßôå íá
	  áðïêáôáóôÞóåôå ôç óýíäåóç, áðåíåñãïðïéÞóôå ôïí Ýëåã÷ï ñïÞò ìÝóù
	  õëéêïý (<acronym>CTS/RTS</acronym>) ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí åðéëïãÞ
	  <option>set ctsrts off</option>.  Ôï ðáñáðÜíù óõìâáßíåé óõíÞèùò áí
	  åßóôå óõíäåìÝíïò óå êÜðïéï åîõðçñåôçôÞ ôåñìáôéêþí ìå äõíáôüôçôá
	  <application>PPP</application>, üðïõ ôï
	  <application>PPP</application> óôáìáôÜåé íá áðïêñßíåôáé üôáí
	  ðñïóðáèåß íá ãñÜøåé äåäïìÝíá óôç óýíäåóç óáò.  Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç áõôÞ,
	  óõíÞèùò ðåñéìÝíåé ãéá êÜðïéï óÞìá <acronym>CTS</acronym> (Clear
	  To Send) ôï ïðïßï äåí Ýñ÷åôáé ðïôÝ.  Áí ùóôüóï ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå áõôÞ
	  ôçí åðéëïãÞ, èá ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå êáé ôçí åðéëïãÞ
	  <option>set accmap</option> ç ïðïßá åíäå÷ïìÝíùò áðáéôåßôáé ãéá íá
	  áðïìïíùèåß ôï õëéêü ðïõ åîáñôÜôáé áðü ôç ìåôÜäïóç óõãêåêñéìÝíùí
	  ÷áñáêôÞñùí áðü ôç ìéá Üêñç óôçí Üëëç, óõíÞèùò ìÝóù ôïõ XON/XOFF.
	  Äåßôå ôç óåëßäá manual ôïõ &man.ppp.8; ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò
	  ó÷åôéêÜ ìå áõôÞ ôçí åðéëïãÞ êáé ðùò ìðïñåßôå íá ôçí
	  ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå.</para>

	<para>Áí äéáèÝôåôå Ýíá ðáëáéüôåñï modem, ßóùò ÷ñåéáóôåß íá
	  ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ <option>set parity even</option>.
	  Ç ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç ñýèìéóç åßíáé íá ìçí õðÜñ÷åé éóïôéìßá (parity
	  none), áëëÜ óå ðáëéÜ modems (êáé óå êÜðïéïõò
	  <acronym>ISP</acronym>) ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôáé ãéá Ýëåã÷ï ëáèþí
	  (ç ÷ñÞóç ôçò ðñïêáëåß ùóôüóï ìåãÜëç áýîçóç óôç ìåôáêßíçóç
	  äåäïìÝíùí).  ºóùò ÷ñåéáóôåßôå áõôÞ ôçí åðéëïãÞ, áí ï
	  <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò åßíáé ç Compuserve.</para>

	<para>Ôï <application>PPP</application> ßóùò íá ìçí åðáíÝëèåé óôçí
	  êáôÜóôáóç åíôïëþí, ôï ïðïßï åßíáé óõíÞèùò óöÜëìá äéáðñáãìÜôåõóçò,
	  êáèþò ï <acronym>ISP</acronym> ðåñéìÝíåé áðü ôç äéêÞ óáò ìåñéÜ íá
	  îåêéíÞóåé ôç äéáðñáãìÜôåõóç.  Óôï óçìåßï áõôü, ç ÷ñÞóç ôçò åíôïëÞò
	  <command>~p</command> èá åîáíáãêÜóåé ôï ppp íá áñ÷ßóåé íá óôÝëíåé
	  ôéò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôç ñýèìéóç.</para>

	<para>Áí äåí ðÜñåôå ðïôÝ ðñïôñïðÞ åéóüäïõ, ôï ðéèáíüôåñï åßíáé íá
	  ðñÝðåé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ðéóôïðïßçóç <acronym>PAP</acronym> Þ
	  <acronym>CHAP</acronym> áíôß ãéá ôçí ôýðïõ &unix; ðéóôïðïßçóç ðïõ
	  ðåñéãñÜøáìå óôï ðáñáðÜíù ðáñÜäåéãìá.  Ãéá íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå
	  <acronym>PAP</acronym> Þ <acronym>CHAP</acronym> áðëþò ðñïóèÝóôå ôéò
	  ðáñáêÜôù åðéëïãÝò óôçí åöáñìïãÞ <application>PPP</application>
	  ðñéí âñåèåßôå óå êáôÜóôáóç ôåñìáôéêïý:</para>

	<screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set authname <replaceable>myusername</replaceable></userinput></screen>

	<para>Èá ðñÝðåé íá áíôéêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï
	  <replaceable>myusername</replaceable> ìå ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç ðïõ óáò
	  Ý÷åé äïèåß áðü ôïí <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò.</para>

	<screen>ppp ON example&gt; <userinput>set authkey <replaceable>mypassword</replaceable></userinput></screen>

	<para>Èá ðñÝðåé íá áíôéêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï
	  <replaceable>mypassword</replaceable> ìå ôïí êùäéêü ÷ñÞóôç ðïõ óáò
	  Ý÷åé äïèåß áðü ôïí <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò.</para>

	<para>Áí óõíäÝåóôå êáíïíéêÜ, áëëÜ äåí öáßíåôáé íá ìðïñåßôå íá
	  åðéêïéíùíÞóåôå ìå êáìéÜ äéåýèõíóç, ðñïóðáèÞóôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå
	  ôçí åíôïëÞ &man.ping.8; ìå ìéá äéåýèõíóç <acronym>IP</acronym> ãéá
	  íá äåßôå áí èá ëÜâåôå áðÜíôçóç.  Áí âëÝðåôå áðþëåéá ðáêÝôùí 100%,
	  ôï ðéï ðéèáíü åßíáé üôé äåí Ý÷åôå êáèïñßóåé êÜðïéá ðñïåðéëåãìÝíç
	  äéáäñïìÞ.  ÅëÝãîôå îáíÜ üôé Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé ôçí åðéëïãÞ
	  <option>add default HISADDR</option> êáôÜ ôç äéÜñêåéá ôçò óýíäåóçò.
	  Áí ìðïñåßôå íá åðéêïéíùíÞóåôå ìå ìéá áðïìáêñõóìÝíç äéåýèõíóç
	  <acronym>IP</acronym>, ôï ðéèáíüôåñï åßíáé üôé äåí Ý÷åôå âÜëåé
	  ôç äéåýèõíóç êÜðïéïõ äéáêïìéóôÞ ïíïìÜôùí óôï áñ÷åßï
	  <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.  Ôï áñ÷åßï áõôü èá ðñÝðåé íá
	  ìïéÜæåé ìå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	<programlisting>domain <replaceable>example.com</replaceable>
nameserver <replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable>
nameserver <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable></programlisting>

	<para>¼ðïõ ôá <replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> êáé
	  <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> èá ðñÝðåé íá áíôéêáôáóôáèïýí ìå
	  ôéò äéåõèýíóåéò <acronym>IP</acronym> ôùí äéáêïìéóôþí DNS ôïõ
	  <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò.  Åíäå÷ïìÝíùò ïé ðëçñïöïñßåò áõôÝò íá
	  óáò Ý÷ïõí äïèåß êáôÜ ôçí åããñáöÞ óáò óôçí õðçñåóßá.  Áí ü÷é, èá
	  ìðïñÝóåôå íá ôéò âñåßôå åýêïëá ìå Ýíá ôçëåöþíçìá óôïí
	  <acronym>ISP</acronym> óáò.</para>

	<para>Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôçí êáôáãñáöÞ óõìâÜíôùí ãéá
	  ôçí <application>PPP</application> óýíäåóç óáò, ìÝóù ôïõ
	  &man.syslog.3;.  Áðëþò ðñïóèÝóôå:</para>

	<programlisting>!ppp
*.*     /var/log/ppp.log</programlisting>

	<para>óôï <filename>/etc/syslog.conf</filename>.  Ôéò ðåñéóóüôåñåò
	  öïñÝò, áõôÞ ç ëåéôïõñãßá õðÜñ÷åé Þäç.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="pppoe">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Jim</firstname>
	  <surname>Mock</surname>
	  <contrib>ÓõíåéóöïñÜ (áðü http://node.to/freebsd/how-tos/how-to-freebsd-pppoe.html) ôïõ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
      <!-- 10 Jan 2000 -->
    </sect1info>

    <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò PPP ìÝóù Ethernet (PPPoE)</title>

    <indexterm>
      <primary>PPP</primary>
      <secondary>over Ethernet</secondary>
    </indexterm>

    <indexterm>
      <primary>PPPoE</primary>
      <see>PPP, over Ethernet</see>
    </indexterm>

    <para>Ç åíüôçôá áõôÞ ðåñéãñÜöåé ðùò íá ñõèìßóåôå ìéá óýíäåóç PPP ìÝóù
      Ethernet (<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ ÐõñÞíá</title>

      <para>Äåí áðáéôåßôáé ðëÝïí åéäéêÞ ñýèìéóç ôïõ ðõñÞíá ãéá ôç ëåéôïõñãßá
	PPPoE.  Áí ï ðõñÞíáò óáò äåí ðåñéëáìâÜíåé ôçí áðáñáßôçôç õðïóôÞñéîç
	netgraph, ôï <application>ppp</application> èá ôçí öïñôþóåé áõôüìáôá
	ùò Üñèñùìá.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ <filename>ppp.conf</filename></title>

      <para>ÐáñáêÜôù öáßíåôáé Ýíá õðüäåéãìá áñ÷åßïõ
	<filename>ppp.conf</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>default:
  set log Phase tun command # you can add more detailed logging if you wish
  set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0

name_of_service_provider:
  set device PPPoE:<replaceable>xl1</replaceable> # replace xl1 with your Ethernet device
  set authname YOURLOGINNAME
  set authkey YOURPASSWORD
  set dial
  set login
  add default HISADDR</programlisting>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>ÅêôÝëåóç ôïõ <application>ppp</application></title>

      <para>Ùò ÷ñÞóôçò <username>root</username>, ìðïñåßôå íá
	åêôåëÝóåôå:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp -ddial name_of_service_provider</userinput></screen>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>Åêêßíçóç ôïõ <application>ppp</application> êáôÜ ôçí
	Åêêßíçóç</title>

      <para>ÐñïóèÝóôå ôéò ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÝò óôï áñ÷åßï
	<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>ppp_enable="YES"
ppp_mode="ddial"
ppp_nat="YES"	# if you want to enable nat for your local network, otherwise NO
ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>×ñÞóç ìéáò ÅôéêÝôáò Õðçñåóßáò PPPoE</title>

      <para>ÌåñéêÝò öïñÝò èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ìéá åôéêÝôá
	õðçñåóßáò (service tag) ãéá ôçí áðïêáôÜóôáóç ôçò óýíäåóçò óáò.
	Ïé åôéêÝôåò õðçñåóéþí ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé ãéá ôïí äéá÷ùñéóìü
	ìåôáîý äéáöïñåôéêþí åîõðçñåôçôþí PPPoE ðïõ âñßóêïíôáé óôï ßäéï
	äßêôõï.</para>

      <para>Ç ôåêìçñßùóç ðïõ óáò Ý÷åé äþóåé ï ISP óáò, èá ðñÝðåé íá Ý÷åé ôéò
	áðáéôïýìåíåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ãéá ôçí åôéêÝôá õðçñåóßáò ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæåóôå.
	Áí äåí ìðïñåßôå íá ôçí âñåßôå, ñùôÞóôå ôçí åîõðçñÝôçóç ðåëáôþí ôïõ
	ISP óáò.</para>

      <para>Ùò ôåëåõôáßá ëýóç, èá ìðïñïýóáôå íá äïêéìÜóåôå ôçí ìÝèïäï
	ðïõ óõíßóôáôáé óôï ðñüãñáììá <ulink
	  url="http://www.roaringpenguin.com/pppoe/">Roaring Penguin
	  PPPoE</ulink> ôï ïðïßï ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå óôçí <link
	  linkend="ports">ÓõëëïãÞ ôùí Ports</link>.  Íá Ý÷åôå õðüøç óáò,
	üôé áõôü ìðïñåß íá áðïðñïãñáììáôßóåé êáé íá á÷ñçóôåýóåé ôï modem
	óáò, Ýôóé óêåöôåßôå ôï êáëÜ ðñéí ôï êÜíåôå.  Áðëþò åãêáôáóôÞóôå ôï
	ðñüãñáììá ðïõ äßíåé ï ðáñï÷Ýáò óáò ìáæß ìå ôï modem.  ¸ðåéôá,
	åéóÝëèåôå óôï ìåíïý <guimenu>System</guimenu> ôïõ ðñïãñÜììáôïò.
	Åêåß èá ðñÝðåé íá åßíáé ôï üíïìá ôïõ ðñïößë óáò.  ÓõíÞèùò ãñÜöåé
	<emphasis>ISP</emphasis>.</para>

      <para>Ôï üíïìá ôïõ ðñïößë (åôéêÝôá õðçñåóßáò) èá ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß óôçí
	êáôá÷þñéóç ãéá ôçí ñýèìéóç ôïõ PPPoE óôï áñ÷åßï
	<filename>ppp.conf</filename>, ùò ôï ôìÞìá ðïõ äçëþíåé ôïí ðáñï÷Ýá
	óôçí åíôïëÞ <command>set device</command> (äåßôå ôç óåëßäá manual ôïõ
	&man.ppp.8; ãéá ðëÞñåéò ëåðôïìÝñåéåò).  èá äåß÷íåé üðùò ôï
	ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

      <programlisting>set device PPPoE:<replaceable>xl1</replaceable>:<replaceable>ISP</replaceable></programlisting>

      <para>Ìçí îå÷Üóåôå íá áëëÜîåôå ôï <replaceable>xl1</replaceable>
	ìå ôç óùóôÞ óõóêåõÞ ðïõ áíôéóôïé÷åß óôçí êÜñôá Ethernet ðïõ
	÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå.</para>

      <para>Ìçí îå÷Üóåôå íá áëëÜîåôå ôï <replaceable>ISP</replaceable>
	ìå ôï ðñïößë ðïõ âñÞêáôå ðáñáðÜíù.</para>

      <para>Ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò, äåßôå:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
	<listitem>
	  <para><ulink
	      url="http://renaud.waldura.com/doc/freebsd/pppoe/">Öèçíüôåñåò
	      ÅõñõæùíéêÝò ÓõíäÝóåéò ìÝóù &os; óå ÃñáììÞ DSL</ulink> áðü ôïí
	      Renaud Waldura.</para>
	</listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="ppp-3com">
      <title>Ôï PPPoE óå Modem &tm.3com; <trademark
	  class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark> ADSL Dual Link</title>

      <para>Áõôü ôï modem äåí áêïëïõèåß ôï <ulink
	  url="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2516.html">RFC 2516</ulink>
	(<emphasis>Ìéá ìÝèïäïò ãéá ìåôÜäïóç PPP ìÝóù Ethernet
	(PPPoE)</emphasis>, ãñáììÝíï áðü ôïõò L. Mamakos, K. Lidl, J. Evarts,
	D. Carrel, D. Simone, êáé R. Wheeler).  Áíôßèåôá, ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß
	äéáöïñåôéêïýò ôýðïõò êùäéêþí ðáêÝôùí ãéá ôá ðëáßóéá Ethernet.
	Ðáñáêáëïýìå íá åêöñÜóåôå ôá ðáñÜðïíá óáò óôçí <ulink
	  url="http://www.3com.com/">3Com</ulink> áí íïìßæåôå üôé èá ðñÝðåé
	íá óõììïñöùèåß ìå ôéò ðñïäéáãñáöÝò ôïõ PPPoE.</para>

      <para>Ãéá íá ìðïñåß ôï &os; íá åðéêïéíùíåß ìå áõôÞ ôç óõóêåõÞ, èá ðñÝðåé
	íá ôåèåß Ýíá êáôÜëëçëï sysctl.  Áõôü ìðïñåß íá ãßíåôáé áõôüìáôá êáôÜ
	ôçí åêêßíçóç, ìå ôçí åíçìÝñùóç ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
	<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>net.graph.nonstandard_pppoe=1</programlisting>

      <para>Þ ìðïñåß íá ãßíåé Üìåóá ìå ôçí åíôïëÞ:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>sysctl net.graph.nonstandard_pppoe=1</userinput></screen>

      <para>Äõóôõ÷þò, åðåéäÞ ðñüêåéôáé ãéá ìéá ñýèìéóç ðïõ åðçñåÜæåé ïëüêëçñï
	ôï óýóôçìá, äåí åßíáé äõíáôüí íá åðéêïéíùíåßôå ôáõôü÷ñïíá ìå
	Ýíá êáíïíéêü ðåëÜôç Þ åîõðçñåôçôÞ PPPoE êáé ìå Ýíá ADSL modem
	&tm.3com; <trademark
	  class="registered">HomeConnect</trademark>.</para>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="pppoa">
    <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò <application>PPP</application> ìÝóù ATM
      (PPPoA)</title>

    <indexterm>
      <primary>PPP</primary>
      <secondary>over ATM</secondary>
    </indexterm>

    <indexterm>
      <primary>PPPoA</primary>
      <see>PPP, over ATM</see>
    </indexterm>

    <para>¹ åíüôçôá ðïõ áêïëïõèåß, ðåñéãñÜöåé ðùò íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï PPP ãéá
      ëåéôïõñãßá ìÝóù ATM (PPPoA).  Ôï PPPoA åßíáé ìéá äçìïöéëÞò åðéëïãÞ
      óôïõò ðáñï÷åßò õðçñåóéþí DSL óôçí Åõñþðç.</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò PPPoA ìå ôï Alcatel &speedtouch; USB</title>

      <para>Ç õðïóôÞñéîç PPPooA ãéá áõôÞ ôç óõóêåõÞ, ðáñÝ÷åôáé ùò port óôï
	&os;, êáèþò ôï firmware ôçò óõóêåõÞò äéáíÝìåôáé õðü ôçí Üäåéá
	<ulink url="http://www.speedtouchdsl.com/disclaimer_lx.htm">Alcatel's
	license agreement</ulink> êáé äåí ìðïñåß íá äéáíåìçèåß åëåýèåñá ìå
	ôï âáóéêü óýóôçìá ôïõ &os;.</para>

      <para>Ãéá íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï ëïãéóìéêü, áðëÜ ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôçí
	<link linkend="ports">ÓõëëïãÞ ôùí Ports</link>.  ÅãêáôáóôÞóôå ôï
	port <filename role="package">net/pppoa</filename> êáé áêïëïõèÞóôå ôéò
	ïäçãßåò ðïõ ðåñéëáìâÜíïíôáé óå áõôü.</para>

      <para>¼ðùò ðïëëÝò óõóêåõÝò USB, ôï Alcatel &speedtouch; ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá
	êáôåâÜóåé ôï firmware ôïõ áðü ôïí õðïëïãéóôÞ óôï ïðïßï åßíáé
	óõíäåìÝíï, ðñïêåéìÝíïõ íá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé óùóôÜ.  Ç äéáäéêáóßá áõôÞ
	ìðïñåß íá áõôïìáôïðïéçèåß óôï &os;, þóôå ç ìåôáöïñÜ íá ãßíåôáé êÜèå
	öïñÜ ðïõ óõíäÝåôáé ç óõóêåõÞ óôç èýñá USB.  Ìðïñåßôå íá ðñïóèÝóåôå
	ôéò ðáñáêÜôù ðëçñïöïñßåò óôï áñ÷åßï
	<filename>/etc/usbd.conf</filename> ãéá íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôçí
	áõôüìáôç ìåôáöïñÜ ôïõ firmware.  Èá ðñÝðåé íá åðåîåñãáóôåßôå áõôü ôï
	áñ÷åßï ùò ÷ñÞóôçò <username>root</username>.</para>

      <programlisting>device "Alcatel SpeedTouch USB"
    devname "ugen[0-9]+"
    vendor 0x06b9
    product 0x4061
    attach "/usr/local/sbin/modem_run -f /usr/local/libdata/mgmt.o"</programlisting>

      <para>Ãéá íá åíåñãïðïéÞóåôå ôï <application>usbd</application>, ôï
	äáßìïíá USB, ðñïóèÝóôå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÞ óôï áñ÷åßï
	<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>usbd_enable="YES"</programlisting>

      <para>Ìðïñåß åðßóçò íá ñõèìßóåôå ôï <application>ppp</application> þóôå
	íá åêôåëåß áõôüìáôá êëÞóç êáôÜ ôçí åêêßíçóç ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò.  Ãéá íá
	ãßíåé áõôü, ðñïóèÝóôå ôéò ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÝò óôï
	<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.  Èá ðñÝðåé êáé ðÜëé íá åêôåëÝóåôå
	ôç äéáäéêáóßá áõôÞ ùò <username>root</username>.</para>

      <programlisting>ppp_enable="YES"
ppp_mode="ddial"
ppp_profile="adsl"</programlisting>

      <para>Ãéá íá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé óùóôÜ ôï ðáñáðÜíù, èá ðñÝðåé íá Ý÷åôå
	÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé ôï õðüäåéãìá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ <filename>ppp.conf</filename>
	ôï ïðïßï ðáñÝ÷åôáé ìå ôï port <filename
	  role="package">net/pppoa</filename>.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï mpd</title>

      <para>Ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï <application>mpd</application> ãéá
	íá óõíäåèåßôå óå Ýíá ðëÞèïò õðçñåóéþí, êáé åéäéêüôåñá õðçñåóßåò PPTP.
	Ìðïñåßôå íá âñåßôå ôï <application>mpd</application> óôçí ÓõëëïãÞ ôùí
	Ports, óôï <filename role="package">net/mpd</filename>.  ÐïëëÜ ADSL
	modem áðáéôïýí ôç äçìéïõñãßá åíüò PPTP ôïýíåë ìåôáîý ôïõ modem êáé ôïõ
	õðïëïãéóôÞ.  ¸íá ôÝôïéï modem åßíáé ôï Alcatel &speedtouch;
	Home.</para>

      <para>Ðñþôá ðñÝðåé íá åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï port, êáé ìåôÜ ìðïñåßôå íá
	ñõèìßóåôå ôï <application>mpd</application> þóôå íá êáëýðôåé ôéò
	áðáéôÞóåéò óáò êáé ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ ðáñï÷Ýá óáò.  Ôï port åãêáèéóôÜ
	êÜðïéá ðáñáäåßãìáôá áñ÷åßùí ñõèìßóåùí óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename
	  class="directory"><replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable>/etc/mpd/</filename>.
	Ôá áñ÷åßá áõôÜ ðåñéÝ÷ïõí áñêåôÜ êáëÞ ôåêìçñßùóç ôùí ñõèìßóåùí.
	Óçìåéþóôå åäþ, üôé ôï <replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable> åßíáé ï
	êáôÜëïãïò óôïí ïðïßï åãêáèßóôáíôáé ôá ports, êáé áðü ðñïåðéëïãÞ åßíáé
	ï <filename class="directory">/usr/local/</filename>.  ÌåôÜ ôçí
	åãêáôÜóôáóç ôïõ port, èá âñåßôå Ýíá ðëÞñç ïäçãü ãéá ôç ñýèìéóç ôïõ
	<application>mpd</application> óå ìïñöÞ HTML.  Ç ôåêìçñßùóç
	åãêáèßóôáôáé óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename
	  class="directory"><replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable>/share/doc/mpd/</filename>.
	ÐáñáêÜôù öáßíåôáé Ýíá õðüäåéãìá ñõèìßóåùí ãéá óýíäåóç óå ìéá õðçñåóßá
	ADSL ìÝóù ôïõ <application>mpd</application>.  Ïé ñõèìßóåéò ÷ùñßæïíôáé
	óå äýï áñ÷åßá, ðñþôá äåß÷íïõìå ôï
	<filename>mpd.conf</filename>:</para>

      <note>
	<para>Ôï ðáñáêÜôù õðüäåéãìá <filename>mpd.conf</filename> ëåéôïõñãåß
	  ìüíï ìå ôçí Ýêäïóç 4.X ôïõ <application>mpd</application>.</para>
      </note>

      <programlisting>default:
    load adsl

adsl:
    new -i ng0 adsl adsl
    set bundle authname <replaceable>username</replaceable> <co
    id="co-mpd-ex-user"/>
    set bundle password <replaceable>password</replaceable> <co
    id="co-mpd-ex-pass"/>
    set bundle disable multilink

    set link no pap acfcomp protocomp
    set link disable chap
    set link accept chap
    set link keep-alive 30 10

    set ipcp no vjcomp
    set ipcp ranges 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

    set iface route default
    set iface disable on-demand
    set iface enable proxy-arp
    set iface idle 0

    open</programlisting>

      <calloutlist>
	<callout arearefs="co-mpd-ex-user">
	  <para>Ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç ìå ôï ïðïßï ãßíåôáé ç ðéóôïðïßçóç óôïí
	    ISP óáò.</para>
	</callout>

	<callout arearefs="co-mpd-ex-pass">
	  <para>Ï êùäéêüò ìå ôïí ïðïßï ãßíåôáé ç ðéóôïðïßçóç óôïí ISP
	    óáò.</para>
	</callout>
      </calloutlist>

      <para>Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>mpd.links</filename> ðåñéÝ÷åé ðëçñïöïñßåò
	ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôç óýíäåóç Þ ôéò óõíäÝóåéò ðïõ èá ðñáãìáôïðïéçèïýí.  Ãéá
	ðáñÜäåéãìá, ôï <filename>mpd.links</filename> ðïõ óõíïäåýåé ôï
	ðáñáðÜíù ðáñÜäåéãìá, öáßíåôáé ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

      <programlisting>adsl:
    set link type pptp
    set pptp mode active
    set pptp enable originate outcall
    set pptp self <replaceable>10.0.0.1</replaceable> <co
    id="co-mpd-ex-self"/>
    set pptp peer <replaceable>10.0.0.138</replaceable> <co
    id="co-mpd-ex-peer"/></programlisting>

      <calloutlist>
	<callout arearefs="co-mpd-ex-self">
	  <para>Ç äéåýèõíóç IP ôïõ &os; õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò, óôïí ïðïßï èá
	    ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï <application>mpd</application>.</para>
	</callout>

	<callout arearefs="co-mpd-ex-peer">
	  <para>Ç äéåýèõíóç IP ôïõ ADSL modem óáò.  Ãéá ôï Alcatel
	    &speedtouch; Home, ç äéåýèõíóç áõôÞ åßíáé áðü ðñïåðéëïãÞ ç <hostid
	      role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>.</para>
	</callout>
      </calloutlist>

      <para>Åßíáé äõíáôüí íá áñ÷éêïðïéÞóåôå ôç óýíäåóç åýêïëá, äßíïíôáò ôçí
	ðáñáêÜôù åíôïëÞ ùò <username>root</username>:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mpd -b <replaceable>adsl</replaceable></userinput></screen>

      <para>Ìðïñåßôå íá äåßôå ôçí êáôÜóôáóç ôçò óýíäåóçò ìå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù
	åíôïëÞ:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>ifconfig <replaceable>ng0</replaceable></userinput>
ng0: flags=88d1&lt;UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
     inet 216.136.204.117 --> 204.152.186.171 netmask 0xffffffff</screen>

      <para>Ôï <application>mpd</application> áðïôåëåß ôïí óõíéóôþìåíï ôñüðï
	óýíäåóçò ôïõ &os; ìå ìéá õðçñåóßá ADSL.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï pptpclient</title>

      <para>Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï &os; ãéá íá óõíäåèåßôå óå
	Üëëåò õðçñåóßåò PPPoA ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï
	<filename role="package">net/pptpclient</filename>.</para>

      <para>Ãéá íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôï <filename
	  role="package">net/pptpclient</filename> ãéá íá óõíäåèåßôå óå ìéá
	õðçñåóßá DSL, åãêáôáóôÞóôå ôï port Þ ôï ðáêÝôï, êáé åðåîåñãáóôåßôå ôï
	áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.  Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá åßóôå
	<username>root</username> ãéá íá êÜíåôå êáé ôéò äýï ðáñáðÜíù
	äéáäéêáóßåò.  ÐáñáêÜôù öáßíåôáé Ýíá ðáñÜäåéãìá ìéáò åíüôçôáò ôïõ
	<filename>ppp.conf</filename>.  Ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ
	ìå ôéò åðéëïãÝò ôïõ <filename>ppp.conf</filename>, äåßôå ôç óåëßäá
	manual ôïõ <application>ppp</application>, &man.ppp.8;.</para>

      <programlisting>adsl:
 set log phase chat lcp ipcp ccp tun command
 set timeout 0
 enable dns
 set authname <replaceable>username</replaceable> <co id="co-pptp-ex-user"/>
 set authkey <replaceable>password</replaceable> <co id="co-pptp-ex-pass"/>
 set ifaddr 0 0
 add default HISADDR</programlisting>

      <calloutlist>
	<callout arearefs="co-pptp-ex-user">
	  <para>Ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç ãéá ôïí ëïãáñéáóìü óáò óôïí ðáñï÷Ýá
	    DSL.</para>
	</callout>

	<callout arearefs="co-pptp-ex-pass">
	  <para>Ï êùäéêüò ãéá ôïí ëïãáñéáóìü óáò.</para>
	</callout>
      </calloutlist>

      <warning>
	<para>Êáèþò èá ðñÝðåé íá ãñÜøåôå ôïí êùäéêü óáò ìïñöÞ áðëïý êåéìÝíïõ
	  óôï áñ÷åßï <filename>ppp.conf</filename>, èá ðñÝðåé íá âåâáéùèåßôå
	  üôé êáíÝíáò Üëëïò äåí èá ìðïñåß íá äéáâÜóåé ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá áõôïý
	  ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ.  Ìå ôéò ðáñáêÜôù åíôïëÝò, ìðïñåßôå íá åîáóöáëßóåôå
	  üôé ôï áñ÷åßï èá ìðïñåß íá äéáâáóôåß ìüíï ìÝóá áðü ôï ëïãáñéáóìü
	  ôïõ <username>root</username>.  Äåßôå ôéò óåëßäåò manual ôùí
	  &man.chmod.1; êáé &man.chown.8; ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò.</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>chown root:wheel /etc/ppp/ppp.conf</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>chmod 600 /etc/ppp/ppp.conf</userinput></screen>
      </warning>

      <para>Áõôü èá áíïßîåé Ýíá ôïýíåë ãéá ìéá óõíåäñßá PPP ìå ôïí DSL
	äñïìïëïãçôÞ óáò.  Ôá DSL modem ôýðïõ ethernet Ý÷ïõí ìéá ðñïêáèïñéóìÝíç
	äéåýèõíóç IP óôï ôïðéêü óáò äßêôõï, óôçí ïðïßá ìðïñåßôå íá óõíäåèåßôå.
	Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç ôïõ Alcatel &speedtouch; Home, ç äéåýèõíóç áõôÞ åßíáé
	<hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>.  Ç ôåêìçñßùóç ðïõ äéáèÝôåé
	ï äñïìïëïãçôÞò óáò, èá áíáöÝñåé ðïéá äéåýèõíóç ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ç óõóêåõÞ
	óáò.  Ãéá íá áíïßîåôå ôï ôïýíåë êáé íá îåêéíÞóåôå ìéá óõíåäñßá PPP,
	åêôåëÝóôå ôçí áêüëïõèç åíôïëÞ:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pptp <replaceable>address</replaceable> <replaceable>adsl</replaceable></userinput></screen>

      <tip>
	<para>Åßíáé êáëÞ éäÝá íá ðñïóèÝóåôå Ýíá <quote>&amp;</quote> óôï ôÝëïò
	  ôçò ðñïçãïýìåíçò åíôïëÞò, äéáöïñåôéêÜ ôï
	  <application>pptp</application> äåí èá óáò åðéóôñÝøåé ôïí Ýëåã÷ï
	  (ðñïôñïðÞ) ôïõ ôåñìáôéêïý óáò.</para>
      </tip>

      <para>Èá äçìéïõñãçèåß ìéá óõóêåõÞ <devicename>tun</devicename>
	(åéêïíéêü ôïýíåë) ãéá ôçí áëëçëåðßäñáóç ìåôáîý ôùí äéåñãáóéþí
	<application>pptp</application> êáé <application>ppp</application>.
	Ìüëéò åðéóôñÝøåé ç ðñïôñïðÞ óôï ôåñìáôéêü óáò, Þ ôï
	<application>pptp</application> åðéâåâáéþóåé ôç óýíäåóç, ìðïñåßôå íá
	åîåôÜóåôå ôï ôïýíåë ìå ôïí ôñüðï ðïõ öáßíåôáé ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>ifconfig <replaceable>tun0</replaceable></userinput>
tun0: flags=8051&lt;UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
        inet 216.136.204.21 --> 204.152.186.171 netmask 0xffffff00
        Opened by PID 918</screen>

      <para>Áí äåí ìðïñÝóåôå íá óõíäåèåßôå, åëÝãîôå ôéò ñõèìßóåéò ôïõ
	äñïìïëïãçôÞ óáò, ïé ïðïßåò óõíÞèùò åßíáé ðñïóâÜóéìåò ìÝóù
	<application>telnet</application> Þ ìÝóù êÜðïéïõ öõëëïìåôñçôÞ.
	Áí áêüìá äåí ìðïñåßôå íá óõíäåèåßôå, èá ðñÝðåé íá åîåôÜóåôå ôçí Ýîïäï
	ôçò åíôïëÞò <command>pptp</command> êáé ôá ðåñéå÷üìåíá ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
	êáôáãñáöÞò ôïõ <application>ppp</application>,
	<filename>/var/log/ppp.log</filename> ãéá ðéèáíÜ óôïé÷åßá.</para>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="slip">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Satoshi</firstname>
	  <surname>Asami</surname>
	  <contrib>Áñ÷éêÞ óõíåéóöïñÜ ôïõ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>

      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Guy</firstname>
	  <surname>Helmer</surname>
	  <contrib>Ìå ôç âïÞèåéá ôùí </contrib>
	</author>

	<author>
	  <firstname>Piero</firstname>
	  <surname>Serini</surname>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
    </sect1info>

    <title>×ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï SLIP</title>
    <indexterm><primary>SLIP</primary></indexterm>

    <warning>
      <para>Ç åíüôçôá áõôÞ åöáñìüæåôáé êáé åßíáé Ýãêõñç ìüíï óå óõóôÞìáôá
	&os;&nbsp;7.X.</para>
    </warning>

    <sect2 id="slipc">
      <title>Ñõèìßæïíôáò Ýíá ÐåëÜôç SLIP</title>

      <indexterm>
	<primary>SLIP</primary>
	<secondary>client</secondary>
      </indexterm>

      <para>ÐáñáêÜôù ðáñïõóéÜæïõìå Ýíá ôñüðï íá ñõèìßóåôå Ýíá ìç÷Üíçìá &os;
	ùò ðåëÜôç SLIP óå Ýíá äßêôõï ìå óôáôéêÝò äéåõèýíóåéò.  Ãéá ìç÷áíÞìáôá
	ôá ïðïßá ëáìâÜíïõí üíïìá äõíáìéêÜ (ç äéåýèõíóç ôïõò áëëÜæåé êÜèå öïñÜ
	ðïõ óõíäÝïíôáé), ðéèáíüí íá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá êÜíåôå ðéï ðïëýðëïêåò
	ñõèìßóåéò.</para>

      <para>Áñ÷éêÜ, èá ðñÝðåé íá êáèïñßóåôå óå ðïéá óåéñéáêÞ èýñá åßíáé
	óõíäåìÝíï ôï modem óáò.  Áñêåôïß ÷ñÞóôåò äçìéïõñãïýí Ýíá óõìâïëéêü
	äåóìü ð.÷.  <filename class="devicefile">/dev/modem</filename>, ôï
	ïðïßï äåß÷íåé óôçí ðñáãìáôéêÞ óõóêåõÞ <filename
	  class="devicefile">/dev/cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>.
	Áõôü óáò åðéôñÝðåé íá óõíå÷ßóåôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôï ßäéï üíïìá
	óõóêåõÞò, áêüìá êáé áí ìåôáêéíÞóåôå ôï modem óå äéáöïñåôéêÞ èýñá.
	Åßíáé ìÜëëïí Üâïëï íá ðñÝðåé íá áëëÜîåôå ðëÞèïò áñ÷åßùí óôï
	<filename class="directory">/etc</filename> êáèþò êáé ôá áñ÷åßá
	<filename>.kermrc</filename> óå üëï ôï óýóôçìá!</para>

      <note>
	<para>Ôï <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuad0</filename>
	  åßíáé ç <devicename>COM1</devicename>, ôï <filename
	    class="devicefile">/dev/cuad1</filename> åßíáé ç
	  <devicename>COM2</devicename>, ê.ï.ê.</para>
      </note>

      <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ôï áñ÷åßï ñõèìßóåùí ôïõ ðõñÞíá óáò ðåñéÝ÷åé ôá
	ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

      <programlisting>device   sl</programlisting>

      <para>Ôï ðáñáðÜíù ðåñéëáìâÜíåôáé óôïí ðõñÞíá
	<filename>GENERIC</filename>, êáé áí äåí ôï Ý÷åôå äéáãñÜøåé, äåí èá
	Ý÷åôå ðñüâëçìá.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>Ñõèìßóåéò ðïõ èá ×ñåéáóôåß íá ÊÜíåôå Ìüíï ìéá ÖïñÜ</title>

	<procedure>
	  <step>
	    <para>ÐñïóèÝóôå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò, ôçí ðýëç (gateway) êáé ôïõò
	      äéáêïìéóôÝò ïíïìÜôùí (nameservers) óôï áñ÷åßï
	      <filename>/etc/hosts</filename>.  Óôï ðáñÜäåéãìá ìáò, ôï áñ÷åßï
	      áõôü ìïéÜæåé ìå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	    <programlisting>127.0.0.1               localhost loghost
136.152.64.181          water.CS.Example.EDU water.CS water
136.152.64.1            inr-3.CS.Example.EDU inr-3 slip-gateway
128.32.136.9            ns1.Example.EDU ns1
128.32.136.12           ns2.Example.EDU ns2</programlisting>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ç åíüôçôá <literal>files</literal>
	      âñßóêåôáé ðñéí ôï <literal>dns</literal> óôçí åíüôçôá
	      <literal>hosts:</literal> ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
	      <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename>.  Áí äåí õðÜñ÷ïõí
	      áõôÝò ïé ðáñÜìåôñïé, ìðïñåß íá åìöáíéóôïýí ðáñÜîåíá
	      óõìðôþìáôá.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÔñïðïðïéÞóôå ôï áñ÷åßï
	      <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>.</para>

	    <orderedlist>
	      <listitem>
		<para>Ïñßóôå ôï üíïìá ôïõ õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò, ôñïðïðïéþíôáò ôç
		  ãñáììÞ ðïõ ãñÜöåé:</para>

		<programlisting>hostname="myname.my.domain"</programlisting>

		<para>Èá ðñÝðåé åäþ íá ôïðïèåôÞóåôå ôï ðëÞñåò üíïìá ôïõ
		  õðïëïãéóôÞ óáò.</para>
	      </listitem>

	      <listitem>
		<indexterm><primary>default route</primary></indexterm>

		<para>Ïñßóôå ôïí ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï äñïìïëïãçôÞ, áëëÜæïíôáò ôç
		  ãñáììÞ:</para>

		<programlisting>defaultrouter="NO"</programlisting>

		<para>óå:</para>

		<programlisting>defaultrouter="slip-gateway"</programlisting>
	      </listitem>
	    </orderedlist>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÄçìéïõñãÞóôå Ýíá áñ÷åßï
	      <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> ôï ïðïßï èá
	      ðåñéÝ÷åé:</para>

	    <programlisting>domain CS.Example.EDU
nameserver 128.32.136.9
nameserver 128.32.136.12</programlisting>

	    <indexterm><primary>nameserver</primary></indexterm>
	    <indexterm><primary>domain name</primary></indexterm>
	    <para>¼ðùò ìðïñåßôå íá äåßôå, ôï ðáñáðÜíù ïñßæåé ôïõò äéáêïìéóôÝò
	      DNS.  ÖõóéêÜ, ôá ðñáãìáôéêÜ ïíüìáôá êáé ïé äéåõèýíóåéò ôùí
	      ôïìÝùí åîáñôþíôáé áðü ôï ðåñéâÜëëïí óáò.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>Ñõèìßóôå êùäéêü ðñüóâáóçò ãéá ôïõò ÷ñÞóôåò
	      <username>root</username> êáé
	      <username>toor</username> (êáèþò êáé ãéá üóïõò Üëëïõò
	      ëïãáñéáóìïýò äåí Ý÷ïõí êùäéêü).</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÅðáíåêêéíÞóôå ôï ìç÷Üíçìá óáò, êáé âåâáéùèåßôå üôé Ý÷åé
	      ôåèåß óùóôÜ ôï üíïìá õðïëïãéóôÞ.</para>
	  </step>
	</procedure>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>Äçìéïõñãþíôáò ìéá Óýíäåóç SLIP</title>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>SLIP</primary>
	  <secondary>connecting with</secondary>
	</indexterm>

	<procedure>
	  <step>
	    <para>ÌåôÜ ôçí êëÞóç, ãñÜøôå ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>slip</command>
	      óôçí ðñïôñïðÞ, ãñÜøôå ôï üíïìá ôïõ ìç÷áíÞìáôïò óáò êáé ôïí
	      êùäéêü.  Ôï ôé áêñéâþò ÷ñåéÜæåôáé íá ãñÜøåôå, åîáñôÜôáé áðü
	      ôï ðåñéâÜëëïí óáò.  Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôï
	      <application>Kermit</application>, ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå
	      Ýíá script üðùò ôï áêüëïõèï:</para>

	    <programlisting># kermit setup
set modem hayes
set line /dev/modem
set speed 115200
set parity none
set flow rts/cts
set terminal bytesize 8
set file type binary
# The next macro will dial up and login
define slip dial 643-9600, input 10 =&gt;, if failure stop, -
output slip\x0d, input 10 Username:, if failure stop, -
output silvia\x0d, input 10 Password:, if failure stop, -
output ***\x0d, echo \x0aCONNECTED\x0a</programlisting>

	    <para>ÖõóéêÜ, èá ðñÝðåé íá áëëÜîåôå ôï üíïìá ÷ñÞóôç êáé ôïí
	      êùäéêü þóôå íá ôáéñéÜæïõí ìå ôá äéêÜ óáò.  ÌåôÜ áðü áõôü,
	      ìðïñåßôå áðëþò íá ðëçêôñïëïãÞóåôå <command>slip</command> óôçí
	      ðñïôñïðÞ óýíäåóçò ôïõ <application>Kermit</application>.</para>

	    <note>
	      <para>Ç ýðáñîç ôïõ êùäéêïý óáò óå ìïñöÞ áðëïý êåéìÝíïõ
		óå ïðïéïäÞðïôå óçìåßï åíüò óõóôÞìáôïò áñ÷åßùí, åßíáé ãåíéêÜ
		<emphasis>êáêÞ</emphasis> éäÝá.  Ðñï÷ùñÞóôå ìå äéêÞ óáò
		åõèýíç.</para>
	    </note>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ÁöÞóôå ôï <application>Kermit</application> åêåß (ìðïñåßôå
	      íá ôï óôåßëåôå óôï ðáñáóêÞíéï ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôá ðëÞêôñá
	      <keycombo>
		<keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
		<keycap>z</keycap>
	      </keycombo>) êáé ùò <username>root</username>, ãñÜøôå:</para>

	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>slattach -h -c -s 115200 /dev/modem</userinput></screen>

	    <para>Áí ìðïñåßôå íá êÜíåôå <command>ping</command> óå õðïëïãéóôÝò
	      óôçí Üëëç ìåñéÜ ôïõ äñïìïëïãçôÞ, åßóôå óõíäåìÝíïé!  Áí áõôü
	      äåí äïõëåýåé, äïêéìÜóôå ôçí åðéëïãÞ
	      <option>-a</option> áíôß ãéá ôçí <option>-c</option> ùò üñéóìá
	      óôçí <command>slattach</command>.</para>
	  </step>
	</procedure>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>Ðùò íá Ôåñìáôßóåôå ôçí Óýíäåóç</title>

	<para>ÊÜíôå ôá áêüëïõèá:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>kill -INT `cat /var/run/slattach.modem.pid`</userinput></screen>

	<para>ãéá íá ôåñìáôßóåôå ôï <command>slattach</command>.  Èõìçèåßôå
	  üôé ðñÝðåé íá åßóôå <username>root</username> ãéá íá åêôåëÝóåôå
	  ôï ðáñáðÜíù.  ¸ðåéôá åðáíÝëèåôå óôï <command>kermit</command>
	  (åêôåëþíôáò ôçí <command>fg</command> áí ôï åß÷áôå óôåßëåé óôï
	  ðáñáóêÞíéï) êáé ôåñìáôßóôå ôï (ðéÝæïíôáò <keycap>q</keycap>).</para>

	<para>Ç óåëßäá manual ôïõ &man.slattach.8; áíáöÝñåé üôé ìðïñåßôå íá
	  ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>ifconfig sl0 down</command> ãéá
	  íá äéáêüøåôå ôç óýíäåóç, áëëÜ áõôü äåí öáßíåôáé íá Ý÷åé êáíÝíá
	  áðïôÝëåóìá.  (To <command>ifconfig sl0</command> áíáöÝñåé ôï ßäéï
	  ðñÜãìá.)</para>

	<para>ÌåñéêÝò öïñÝò, ôï modem óáò ìðïñåß íá áñíçèåß íá êëåßóåé ôç
	  ãñáììÞ.  Óôéò ðåñéðôþóåéò áõôÝò, îåêéíÞóôå îáíÜ ôï
	  <command>kermit</command> êáé ôåñìáôßóôå ôï îáíÜ.  Ôç äåýôåñç öïñÜ
	  óõíÞèùò ðåôõ÷áßíåé.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>Áíôéìåôþðéóç ÐñïâëçìÜôùí</title>

	<para>Áí ôï ðáñáðÜíù äåí ëåéôïõñãÞóåé, ñùôÞóôå óôç ëßóôá &a.net.name;.
	  ÌåñéêÜ áðü ôá óõíçèéóìÝíá ðñïâëÞìáôá ôá ïðïßá Ý÷ïõìå ìÝ÷ñé óôéãìÞò
	  áíôéìåôùðßóåé:</para>

	<itemizedlist>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>Íá ìçí Ý÷åé ÷ñçóéìïðïéçèåß ç åðéëïãÞ <option>-c</option>
	      Þ <option>-a</option> óôçí <command>slattach</command> (Áõôü
	      êáíïíéêÜ äåí åßíáé êñßóéìï óöÜëìá, áëëÜ ìåñéêïß ÷ñÞóôåò
	      áíÝöåñáí üôé áõôü Ýëõóå ôá ðñïâëÞìáôá ôïõò.)</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>×ñÞóç ôïõ <option>s10</option> áíôß ãéá
	      <option>sl0</option> (ç äéáöïñÜ ìðïñåß íá åßíáé ðïëý ìéêñÞ
	      óå ìåñéêÝò ãñáììáôïóåéñÝò).</para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>ÄïêéìÜóôå ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>ifconfig sl0</command> ãéá íá
	      äåßôå ôçí êáôÜóôáóç ôçò äéåðáöÞò.  Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ìðïñåß íá
	      äåßôå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ifconfig sl0</userinput>
sl0: flags=10&lt;POINTOPOINT&gt;
        inet 136.152.64.181 --&gt; 136.152.64.1 netmask ffffff00</screen>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>Áí ç åíôïëÞ &man.ping.8; äßíåé ìçíýìáôá
	      <errorname>no route to host</errorname>, ßóùò õðÜñ÷åé ðñüâëçìá
	      ìå ôïí ðßíáêá äñïìïëüãçóçò óáò.  Ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå
	      ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>netstat -r</command> ãéá íá äåßôå ôçí
	      ôñÝ÷ïõóá äñïìïëüãçóç:</para>

	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>netstat -r</userinput>
Routing tables
Destination      Gateway            Flags     Refs     Use  IfaceMTU    Rtt    Netmasks:

(root node)
(root node)

Route Tree for Protocol Family inet:
(root node) =&gt;
default          inr-3.Example.EDU  UG          8   224515  sl0 -      -
localhost.Exampl localhost.Example. UH          5    42127  lo0 -       0.438
inr-3.Example.ED water.CS.Example.E UH          1        0  sl0 -      -
water.CS.Example localhost.Example. UGH        34 47641234  lo0 -       0.438
(root node)</screen>

	    <para>Ôá ðáñáðÜíù ðáñáäåßãìáôá åßíáé áðü Ýíá ó÷åôéêÜ áðáó÷ïëçìÝíï
	      óýóôçìá.  Ïé áñéèìïß èá äéáöÝñïõí óôï óýóôçìá óáò, áíÜëïãá ìå
	      ôç äñáóôçñéüôçôá ôïõ äéêôýïõ.</para>
	  </listitem>
	</itemizedlist>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="slips">
      <title>Ñõèìßæïíôáò ¸íá ÅîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP</title>

      <indexterm>
	<primary>SLIP</primary>
	<secondary>server</secondary>
      </indexterm>

      <para>Ôï êåßìåíï áõôü ðáñÝ÷åé êÜðïéåò õðïäåßîåéò ãéá ôç ñýèìéóç åíüò
	&os; óõóôÞìáôïò ùò åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP.  ÔõðéêÜ áõôü óçìáßíåé üôé ôï
	óýóôçìá óáò èá ñõèìéóôåß íá îåêéíÜ áõôüìáôá ôéò óõíäÝóåéò ìåôÜ ôçí
	åßóïäï áðïìáêñõóìÝíùí ðåëáôþí SLIP.</para>

      <!-- Disclaimer is not necessarily relevant
      <para> The author has written this document based
	on his experience; however, as your system and needs may be
	different, this document may not answer all of your questions, and
	the author cannot be responsible if you damage your system or lose
	data due to attempting to follow the suggestions here.</para>
      -->

      <sect3 id="slips-prereqs">
	<title>ÐñïûðïèÝóåéò</title>
	<indexterm><primary>TCP/IP networking</primary></indexterm>

	<para>Ç åíüôçôá áõôÞ åßíáé éäéáßôåñá ôå÷íéêÞò öýóåùò, êáé ãéá ôï ëüãï
	  áõôü áðáéôåßôáé íá Ý÷åôå ôéò áíôßóôïé÷åò ãíþóåéò ãéá íá ôçí
	  êáôáíïÞóåôå.  ÕðïèÝôïõìå üôé Ý÷åôå ìéá åîïéêåßùóç ìå ôï ðñùôüêïëëï
	  TCP/IP êáé åéäéêüôåñá ìå ôç äéåõèõíóéïäüôçóç êüìâùí, ôéò ìÜóêåò
	  äéêôýùí, ôá õðïäßêôõá, ôç äñïìïëüãçóç êáé ôá ðñùôüêïëëá
	  äñïìïëüãçóçò üðùò ôï RIP.  Ç ñýèìéóç ôùí õðçñåóéþí SLIP óå Ýíá
	  åîõðçñåôçôÞ åðéëïãéêþí óõíäÝóåùí áðáéôåß ãíþóç áõôþí ôùí åííïéþí,
	  êáé áí äåí åßóôå åîïéêåéùìÝíïò ìå áõôÝò, óáò ðáñáêáëïýìå íá
	  äéáâÜóåôå åßôå ôï <emphasis>TCP/IP Network Administration</emphasis>
	  ôïõ Craig Hunt (åêäüóåéò O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc, Áñéèìüò
	  ISBN 0-937175-82-X) Þ êÜðïéï áðü ôá âéâëßá ôïõ Douglas Comer ó÷åôéêÜ
	  ìå ôï ðñùôüêïëëï TCP/IP.</para>

	<indexterm><primary>modem</primary></indexterm>
	<para>ÅðéðëÝïí, õðïèÝôïõìå üôé Þäç Ý÷åôå ñõèìßóåé ôï modem óáò êáé
	  Ý÷åôå ôñïðïðïéÞóåé ôá êáôÜëëçëá áñ÷åßá ñõèìßóåùí ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò
	  þóôå íá åðéôñÝðåôáé ç åßóïäïò óôï óýóôçìá ìÝóù ôùí modem.  Áí äåí
	  Ý÷åôå áêüìá ðñïåôïéìÜóåé ôï óýóôçìá ãéá áõôü, ðáñáêáëïýìå äåßôå ôï
	  <xref linkend="dialup"/> ãéá ëåðôïìÝñåéåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôç ñýèìéóç ôùí
	  åðéëïãéêþí óõíäÝóåùí.  Åíäå÷ïìÝíùò íá èÝëåôå åðßóçò íá äåßôå ôéò
	  óåëßäåò manual ôçò &man.sio.4; ãéá ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôï
	  ðñüãñáììá ïäÞãçóçò ôçò óåéñéáêÞò èýñáò, ôá &man.ttys.5;,
	  &man.gettytab.5;, &man.getty.8;, êáé &man.init.8; ãéá ðëçñïöïñßåò
	  ðïõ ó÷åôßæïíôáé ìå ôç ñýèìéóç ôïõ óõóôÞìáôïò þóôå íá äÝ÷åôáé åßóïäï
	  ÷ñçóôþí ìÝóù modem, êáé ßóùò êáé ôç &man.stty.1; ãéá ðëçñïöïñßåò
	  ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôéò ðáñáìÝôñïõò óåéñéáêþí èõñþí (üðùò ôçí
	  <literal>clocal</literal> ãéá óåéñéáêÝò äéåðáöÝò ðïõ åßíáé áðåõèåßáò
	  óõíäåìÝíåò).</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ÃñÞãïñç Åðéóêüðçóç</title>

	<para>ÔõðéêÜ, Ýíáò åîõðçñåôçôÞò SLIP ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß &os; ëåéôïõñãåß
	  ìå ôïí åîÞò ôñüðï:  Ýíáò ÷ñÞóôçò SLIP êáëåß ôïí
	  åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP, êáé åéóÝñ÷åôáé óôï óýóôçìá ìÝóù åíüò åéäéêïý
	  áíáãíùñéóôéêïý åéóüäïõ ãéá ôï SLIP.  Ôï êÝëõöïò ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç åßíáé ôï
	  <filename>/usr/sbin/sliplogin</filename>.  Ôï ðñüãñáììá
	  <command>sliplogin</command> äéáâÜæåé ôï áñ÷åßï
	  <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.hosts</filename> ãéá íá âñåé ìéá ãñáììÞ
	  ðïõ íá ôáéñéÜæåé ìå ôïí ÷ñÞóôç, êáé áí õðÜñ÷åé, óõíäÝåé ôçí óåéñéáêÞ
	  ãñáììÞ óå ìéá äéáèÝóéìç äéåðáöÞ SLIP êáé Ýðåéôá åêôåëåß ôï script
	  ôïõ êåëýöïõò <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.login</filename> ãéá íá
	  ñõèìßóåé ôç äéåðáöÞ SLIP.</para>

	<sect4>
	  <title>¸íá ÐáñÜäåéãìá Åéóüäïõ óå ÅîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP</title>

	  <para>Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ãéá Ýíá ÷ñÞóôç SLIP ìå ID
	    <username>Shelmerg</username>, ç áíôßóôïé÷ç êáôá÷þñéóç óôï
	    <filename>/etc/master.passwd</filename> èá Ýìïéáæå ìå ôçí
	    ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>Shelmerg:password:1964:89::0:0:Guy Helmer - SLIP:/usr/users/Shelmerg:/usr/sbin/sliplogin</programlisting>

	  <para>¼ôáí åéóÝëèåé ï <username>Shelmerg</username>, ôï
	    <command>sliplogin</command> èá øÜîåé ôï
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.hosts</filename> ãéá ìéá ãñáììÞ ìå
	    ID ÷ñÞóôç ðïõ íá ôáéñéÜæåé.  Ãéá ðáñÜäåéãìá, ìðïñåß íá õðÜñ÷åé
	    ìéá ãñáììÞ óôï <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.hosts</filename> ðïõ
	    íá ãñÜöåé:</para>

	  <programlisting>Shelmerg        dc-slip sl-helmer       0xfffffc00		  autocomp</programlisting>

	  <para>Ôï <command>sliplogin</command> èá âñåé ôç ãñáììÞ áõôÞ,
	    èá óõíäÝóåé ôç óåéñéáêÞ ãñáììÞ óôçí åðüìåíç äéáèÝóéìç äéåðáöÞ
	    SLIP, êáé Ýðåéôá èá åêôåëÝóåé ôï
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.login</filename> üðùò öáßíåôáé
	    ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>/etc/sliphome/slip.login 0 19200 Shelmerg dc-slip sl-helmer 0xfffffc00 autocomp</programlisting>

	  <para>Áí üëá ðÜíå êáëÜ, ôï
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.login</filename> èá åêôåëÝóåé
	    ìéá åíôïëÞ <command>ifconfig</command> ãéá ôç äéåðáöÞ SLIP
	    óôçí ïðïßá Ý÷åé óõíäåèåß ç <command>sliplogin</command> (ç äéåðáöÞ
	    0 óôï ðáñáðÜíù ðáñÜäåéãìá, ç ðñþôç ðáñÜìåôñïò ôçò ëßóôáò ðïõ
	    äßíåôáé óôï <filename>slip.login</filename>) þóôå íá ñõèìéóôïýí
	    ç ôïðéêÞ äéåýèõíóç IP (<hostid>dc-slip</hostid>), ç
	    áðïìáêñõóìÝíç äéåýèõíóç IP (<hostid>sl-helmer</hostid>), ç ìÜóêá
	    äéêôýïõ ãéá ôç äéåðáöÞ SLIP (<hostid
	      role="netmask">0xfffffc00</hostid>), êáé ïðïéåóäÞðïôå ðñüóèåôåò
	    åðéëïãÝò (<literal>autocomp</literal>).  Áí êÜôé ðÜåé óôñáâÜ,
	    èá ìðïñÝóåôå íá ôï åíôïðßóåôå áðü ôá áñ÷åßá êáôáãñáöÞò ôçò
	    <command>sliplogin</command>.  Ç <command>sliplogin</command>
	    êáôáãñÜöåé ôá ìçíýìáôá ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôï äáßìïíá
	    <application>syslogd</application> ï ïðïßïò óõíÞèùò ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß
	    ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/var/log/messages</filename> (äåßôå ôéò
	    óåëßäåò âïÞèåéáò ãéá ôá &man.syslogd.8; êáé &man.syslog.conf.5;
	    êáé åíäå÷ïìÝíùò åëÝãîôå ôï <filename>/etc/syslog.conf</filename>
	    ãéá íá äåßôå ôçí ôïðïèåóßá êáé ôï áñ÷åßï ðïõ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåß ôï
	    <application>syslogd</application> ãéá ôçí êáôáãñáöÞ).</para>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ ÐõñÞíá</title>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>kernel</primary>
	  <secondary>configuration</secondary>
	</indexterm>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>SLIP</primary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>Ï ðñïåðéëåãìÝíïò ðõñÞíáò ôïõ &os;
	  (ï <filename>GENERIC</filename>) äéáèÝôåé åíóùìáôùìÝíç õðïóôÞñéîç
	  SLIP (&man.sl.4;).  Óôçí ðåñßðôùóç ðïõ èÝëåôå íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå
	  ðñïóáñìïóìÝíï ðõñÞíá, ðñïóèÝóôå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù ãñáììÞ óôï áñ÷åßï
	  ñõèìßóåùí ôïõ ðõñÞíá óáò:</para>

	<programlisting>device   sl</programlisting>

	<para>Ôï &os;, áðü ðñïåðéëïãÞ, äåí ðñïùèåß ðáêÝôá.  Áí èÝëåôå ï
	  åîõðçñåôçôÞò óáò íá åíåñãåß ùò äñïìïëïãçôÞò, èá ðñÝðåé íá
	  åðåîåñãáóôåßôå ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> êáé íá
	  áëëÜîåôå ôç ñýèìéóç ôçò ìåôáâëçôÞò <literal>gateway_enable</literal>
	  óå <option>YES</option>.  Ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü, èá åßíáé óßãïõñï üôé
	  ç åðéëïãÞ ôçò äñïìïëüãçóçò èá äéáôçñçèåß ìåôÜ áðü ìéá
	  åðáíåêêßíçóç.</para>

	<para>Èá ðñÝðåé Ýðåéôá íá åðáíåêêéíÞóåôå ãéá íá åíåñãïðïéçèïýí ïé
	  íÝåò ñõèìßóåéò.</para>

	<para>Ãéá íá åöáñìüóåôå áõôÝò ôéò ñõèìßóåéò Üìåóá, ìðïñåßôå íá
	  åêôåëÝóåôå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù åíôïëÞ ùò <username>root</username>:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; /etc/rc.d/routing start</screen>

	<para>Ðáñáêáëïýìå äåßôå ôï <xref linkend="kernelconfig"/> ãéá
	  ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôçí ñýèìéóç ôïõ ðõñÞíá ôïõ
	  &os;.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ Sliplogin</title>

	<para>¼ðùò áíáöÝñèçêå êáé ðñéí, õðÜñ÷ïõí ôñßá áñ÷åßá óôïí êáôÜëïãï
	  <filename class="directory">/etc/sliphome</filename> ôá ïðïßá
	  ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýíôáé óôç ñýèìéóç ôïõ
	  <filename>/usr/sbin/sliplogin</filename> (äåßôå êáé ôç óåëßäá
	  manual ôïõ &man.sliplogin.8;): ôï <filename>slip.hosts</filename>,
	  ôï ïðïßï ïñßæåé ôïõò ÷ñÞóôåò SLIP êáé ôéò áíôßóôïé÷åò IP äéåõèýíóåéò
	  ôïõò, ôï <filename>slip.login</filename> ôï ïðïßï óõíÞèùò ñõèìßæåé
	  áðëÜ ôçí äéåðáöÞ SLIP, êáé ðñïáéñåôéêÜ ôï
	  <filename>slip.logout</filename>, ôï ïðïßï áíáéñåß ôéò áëëáãÝò ôïõ
	  <filename>slip.login</filename> üôáí ôåñìáôßóåé ç óåéñéáêÞ
	  óýíäåóç.</para>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ <filename>slip.hosts</filename></title>

	  <para>Ôï <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.hosts</filename> ðåñéÝ÷åé
	    ãñáììÝò ìå ôÝóóåñá ðåäßá ðïõ ÷ùñßæïíôáé ìåôáîý ôïõò ìå êåíÜ
	    äéáóôÞìáôá:</para>

	  <itemizedlist>
	    <listitem>
	      <para>Ôï áíáãíùñéóôéêü åéóüäïõ ôïõ ÷ñÞóôç SLIP</para>
	    </listitem>

	    <listitem>
	      <para>Ôçí ôïðéêÞ äéåýèõíóç (ôïðéêÞ ùò ðñïò ôïí åîõðçñåôçôÞ
		SLIP) ôçò äéáóýíäåóçò SLIP</para>
	    </listitem>

	    <listitem>
	      <para>Ôçí áðïìáêñõóìÝíç äéåýèõíóç ôçò äéáóýíäåóçò SLIP</para>
	    </listitem>

	    <listitem>
	      <para>Ôç ìÜóêá ôïõ äéêôýïõ</para>
	    </listitem>
	  </itemizedlist>

	  <para>Ç ôïðéêÞ êáé ç áðïìáêñõóìÝíç äéåýèõíóç, ìðïñåß íá åßíáé
	    ïíüìáôá õðïëïãéóôþí (ôá ïðïßá íá ìåôáôñÝðïíôáé óå äéåõèýíóåéò IP
	    ìÝóù ôïõ <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> Þ ìÝóù ôïõ DNS, áíÜëïãá
	    ìå ôéò êáôá÷ùñßóåéò ðïõ õðÜñ÷ïõí óôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename>), êáé ç ìÜóêá äéêôýïõ
	    ìðïñåß íá åßíáé Ýíá üíïìá ôï ïðïßï íá ìðïñåß íá äéåõêñéíéóôåß ìÝóù
	    áíáæÞôçóçò óôï <filename>/etc/networks</filename>.  Óå Ýíá
	    äïêéìáóôéêü óýóôçìá, ôï
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.hosts</filename> ìïéÜæåé ìå ôï
	    ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>#
# login local-addr      remote-addr     mask            opt1    opt2
#                                               (normal,compress,noicmp)
#
Shelmerg  dc-slip       sl-helmerg      0xfffffc00      autocomp</programlisting>

	  <para>Óôï ôÝëïò ôçò ãñáììÞò, âñßóêïíôáé ìéá Þ ðåñéóóüôåñåò áðü ôéò
	    ðáñáêÜôù åðéëïãÝò:</para>

	  <itemizedlist>
	    <listitem>
	      <para><option>normal</option> &mdash; ÷ùñßò óõìðßåóç ôùí
		åðéêåöáëßäùí</para>
	    </listitem>

	    <listitem>
	      <para><option>compress</option> &mdash; ìå óõìðßåóç ôùí
		åðéêåöáëßäùí</para>
	    </listitem>

	    <listitem>
	      <para><option>autocomp</option> &mdash; ìå óõìðßåóç ôùí
		åðéêåöáëßäùí, áí åðéôñÝðåôáé áðü ôïí áðïìáêñõóìÝíï
		õðïëïãéóôÞ</para>
	    </listitem>

	    <listitem>
	      <para><option>noicmp</option> &mdash; áðåíåñãïðïßçóç ôùí
		ðáêÝôùí ICMP (ìå ôïí ôñüðï áõôü ôá ðáêÝôá <quote>ping</quote>
		èá áðïññßðôïíôáé áíôß íá êáôáíáëþíïõí ôï åýñïò æþíçò ôçò
		óýíäåóçò óáò)</para>
	    </listitem>
	  </itemizedlist>

	  <indexterm><primary>SLIP</primary></indexterm>
	  <indexterm><primary>TCP/IP networking</primary></indexterm>
	  <para>Ïé åðéëïãÝò ðïõ Ý÷åôå ãéá ôéò ôïðéêÝò êáé áðïìáêñõóìÝíåò
	    äéåõèýíóåéò ôùí SLIP óõíäÝóåùí óáò, åîáñôþíôáé áðü ôï áí ðñüêåéôáé
	    íá áöéåñþóåôå Ýíá õðïäßêôõï TCP/IP Þ áí ðñüêåéôáé íá
	    ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå <quote>proxy ARP</quote> óôï SLIP åîõðçñåôçôÞ óáò
	    (äåí åßíáé <quote>ðñáãìáôéêü</quote> proxy ARP, áëëÜ óôçí åíüôçôá
	    áõôÞ ðåñéãñÜöåôáé ìå áõôü ôïí üñï).  Áí äåí åßóôå óßãïõñïò ðïéá
	    ìÝèïäï íá åðéëÝîåôå Þ ðùò íá áðïäßäåôå äéåõèýíóåéò IP, ðáñáêáëïýìå
	    áíáôñÝîôå óôá âéâëßá ôïõ TCP/IP ðïõ áíáöÝñïíôáé óôéò
	    ÐñïûðïèÝóåéò SLIP (<xref linkend="slips-prereqs"/>) Þ/êáé
	    óõìâïõëåõèåßôå ôï äéá÷åéñéóôÞ äéêôýïõ óáò.</para>

	  <para>Áí ðñüêåéôáé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå îå÷ùñéóôü õðïäßêôõï ãéá ôïõò
	    SLIP ðåëÜôåò óáò, èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá äéáèÝóåôå ôïí áñéèìü õðïäéêôýïõ
	    áðü ôçí äéåýèõíóç IP ðïõ óáò Ý÷åé áðïäïèåß êáé íá áðïäþóåôå óôïõò
	    ðåëÜôåò SLIP äéåõèýíóåéò ðïõ áíÞêïõí óå áõôü ôï õðïäßêôõï.
	    ¸ðåéôá, èá ÷ñåéáóôåß ìÜëëïí íá êáèïñßóåôå ìéá óôáôéêÞ äéáäñïìÞ
	    óôï õðïäßêôõï SLIP ìÝóù ôïõ åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP óôïí êïíôéíüôåñï
	    óáò äñïìïëïãçôÞ IP.</para>

	  <indexterm><primary>Ethernet</primary></indexterm>
	  <para>ÄéáöïñåôéêÜ, áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôç ìÝèïäï
	    <quote>proxy ARP</quote>, èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá áðïäßäåôå óôïõò SLIP
	    ðåëÜôåò óáò äéåõèýíóåéò IP ðïõ áíÞêïõí óôï õðïäßêôõï Ethernet
	    óôï ïðïßï áíÞêåé ï åîõðçñåôçôÞò SLIP, êáé èá ÷ñåéáóôåß åðßóçò
	    íá ñõèìßóåôå ôá scripts
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.login</filename> êáé
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.logout</filename> íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéïýí
	    ôï &man.arp.8; ãéá íá ÷åéñßæïíôáé ôéò êáôá÷ùñßóåéò
	    <quote>proxy ARP</quote> óôïí ðßíáêá ARP ôïõ åîõðçñåôçôÞ
	    SLIP.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ <filename>slip.login</filename></title>

	  <para>¸íá ôõðéêü <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.login</filename>
	    ìïéÜæåé ìå ôï ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>#!/bin/sh -
#
#       @(#)slip.login  5.1 (Berkeley) 7/1/90

#
# generic login file for a slip line.  sliplogin invokes this with
# the parameters:
#      1        2         3        4          5         6     7-n
#   slipunit ttyspeed loginname local-addr remote-addr mask opt-args
#
/sbin/ifconfig sl$1 inet $4 $5 netmask $6</programlisting>

	  <para>Ôï áñ÷åßï <filename>slip.login</filename> åêôåëåß áðëþò ôï
	    <command>ifconfig</command> ãéá ôçí êáôÜëëçëç äéåðáöÞ SLIP, ìå
	    ôéò ôïðéêÝò êáé áðïìáêñõóìÝíåò äéåõèýíóåéò êáé ôç ìÜóêá äéêôýïõ
	    ôçò äéåðáöÞò áõôÞò.</para>

	  <para>Áí Ý÷åôå áðïöáóßóåé íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí ìÝèïäï
	    <quote>proxy ARP</quote> (áíôß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå äéáöïñåôéêü
	    õðïäßêôõï ãéá ôïõò ðåëÜôåò SLIP), ôï áñ÷åßï
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.login</filename> èá ìïéÜæåé ìå ôï
	    ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <programlisting>#!/bin/sh -
#
#       @(#)slip.login  5.1 (Berkeley) 7/1/90

#
# generic login file for a slip line.  sliplogin invokes this with
# the parameters:
#      1        2         3        4          5         6     7-n
#   slipunit ttyspeed loginname local-addr remote-addr mask opt-args
#
/sbin/ifconfig sl$1 inet $4 $5 netmask $6
# Answer ARP requests for the SLIP client with our Ethernet addr
/usr/sbin/arp -s $5 00:11:22:33:44:55 pub</programlisting>

	  <para>Ç ðñüóèåôç ãñáììÞ óå áõôü ôï
	    <filename>slip.login</filename>, ç <command>arp -s
	    &#36;5 00:11:22:33:44:55 pub</command>, äçìéïõñãåß ìéá êáôá÷þñéóç
	    ARP óôïí ðßíáêá ARP ôïõ åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP.  ÁõôÞ ç êáôá÷þñéóç ARP
	    êÜíåé ôïí åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP íá áðáíôÜ ìå ôçí äéåýèõíóç Ethernet
	    MAC üôáí êÜðïéïò Üëëïò êüìâïò IP óôï Ethernet åðéèõìåß íá
	    åðéêïéíùíÞóåé ìå ôçí äéåýèõíóç IP ôïõ ðåëÜôç SLIP.</para>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>Ethernet</primary>
	    <secondary>MAC address</secondary>
	  </indexterm>

	  <para>¼ôáí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôï ðáñáðÜíù ðáñÜäåéãìá, âåâáéùèåßôå üôé
	    Ý÷åôå áíôéêáôáóôÞóåé ôçí äéåýèõíóç MAC ôïõ Ethernet (<hostid
	      role="mac">00:11:22:33:44:55</hostid>) ìå ôçí áíôßóôïé÷ç ôçò
	    äéêÞò óáò êÜñôáò Ethernet, äéáöïñåôéêÜ ôï <quote>proxy ARP</quote>
	    óßãïõñá äåí èá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé!  Ìðïñåßôå íá áíáêáëýøåôå ôç äéåýèõíóç
	    MAC ôïõ äéêïý óáò åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP êïéôÜæïíôáò ôá áðïôåëÝóìáôá ôçò
	    åíôïëÞò <command>netstat -i</command>.  Ç äåýôåñç ãñáììÞ ôçò
	    åîüäïõ èá ìïéÜæåé ìå ôçí ðáñáêÜôù:</para>

	  <screen>ed0   1500  &lt;Link&gt;0.2.c1.28.5f.4a         191923	0   129457     0   116</screen>

	  <para>Áõôü äåß÷íåé üôé óôï óõãêåêñéìÝíï óýóôçìá ç äéåýèõíóç MAC ôïõ
	    Ethernet åßíáé <hostid role="mac">00:02:c1:28:5f:4a</hostid>.
	    Ïé ôåëåßåò óôçí äéåýèõíóç ðïõ äåß÷íåé ç
	    <command>netstat -i</command> ðñÝðåé íá áíôéêáôáóôáèïýí ìå
	    Üíù-êÜôù ôåëåßåò, êáé êÜèå ìïíü äåêáåîáäéêü øçößï ðñÝðåé íá
	    ìåôáôñáðåß óå äéðëü ðñïóèÝôïíôáò áðü ìðñïóôÜ Ýíá ìçäåíéêü.
	    Ç äéåýèõíóç ìåôáôñÝðåôáé ìå áõôü ôïí ôñüðï óå ìéá ìïñöÞ ðïõ
	    ìðïñåß íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåé ç &man.arp.8;.  Äåßôå ôç óåëßäá manual
	    ôçò &man.arp.8; ãéá ðåñéóóüôåñåò ðëçñïöïñßåò ó÷åôéêÜ ìå ôç ÷ñÞóç
	    ôçò åíôïëÞò áõôÞò.</para>

	  <note>
	    <para>¼ôáí äçìéïõñãåßôå ôï
	      <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.login</filename> êáé ôï
	      <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.logout</filename>, èá ðñÝðåé íá
	      èÝóåôå ôï bit <quote>åêôÝëåóçò</quote> (ð.÷.
	      <command>chmod 755 /etc/sliphome/slip.login
	      /etc/sliphome/slip.logout</command>), äéáöïñåôéêÜ ç
	      <command>sliplogin</command> äåí èá ìðïñåß íá ôá
	      åêôåëÝóåé.</para>
	  </note>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>Ñýèìéóç ôïõ <filename>slip.logout</filename></title>

	  <para>Ôï <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.logout</filename> äåí åßíáé
	    áðüëõôá áðáñáßôçôï (åêôüò áí ðñüêåéôáé íá õëïðïéÞóåôå
	    <quote>proxy ARP</quote>), áëëÜ áí óêïðåýåôå íá ôï äçìéïõñãÞóåôå,
	    ìðïñåßôå íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ùò õðüäåéãìá ôï ðáñáêÜôù áðëü
	    ðáñÜäåéãìá:</para>

	  <programlisting>#!/bin/sh -
#
#       slip.logout

#
# logout file for a slip line.  sliplogin invokes this with
# the parameters:
#      1        2         3        4          5         6     7-n
#   slipunit ttyspeed loginname local-addr remote-addr mask opt-args
#
/sbin/ifconfig sl$1 down</programlisting>

	  <para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå <quote>proxy ARP</quote>, èá èÝëåôå ôï
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.logout</filename> íá äéáãñÜöåé ôçí
	    êáôá÷þñéóç ARP ôïõ ðåëÜôç SLIP:</para>

	  <programlisting>#!/bin/sh -
#
#       @(#)slip.logout

#
# logout file for a slip line.  sliplogin invokes this with
# the parameters:
#      1        2         3        4          5         6     7-n
#   slipunit ttyspeed loginname local-addr remote-addr mask opt-args
#
/sbin/ifconfig sl$1 down
# Quit answering ARP requests for the SLIP client
/usr/sbin/arp -d $5</programlisting>

	  <para>Ç <command>arp -d &#36;5</command> äéáãñÜöåé ôçí êáôá÷þñéóç
	    ARP ðïõ ðñïóôÝèçêå ìå ôçí åêôÝëåóç ôïõ
	    <filename>slip.login</filename> ôïõ <quote>proxy ARP</quote>,
	    êáôÜ ôçí åßóïäï ôïõ ðåëÜôç SLIP.</para>

	  <para>ÐñÝðåé íá ôï åðáíáëÜâïõìå Üëëç ìéá öïñÜ: Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé ôï
	    <filename>/etc/sliphome/slip.logout</filename> Ý÷åé ïñéóôåß ùò
	    åêôåëÝóéìï ìåôÜ ôçí äçìéïõñãßá ôïõ (ð.÷., <command>chmod 755
	    /etc/sliphome/slip.logout</command>).</para>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ÐáñÜãïíôåò ðïõ ÐñÝðåé íá ËÜâåôå Õðüøç óáò óôç
	  Äñïìïëüãçóç</title>

	<indexterm>
	  <primary>SLIP</primary>
	  <secondary>routing</secondary>
	</indexterm>
	<para>Áí äåí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôçí ìÝèïäï <quote>proxy ARP</quote> ãéá íá
	  äñïìïëïãåßôå ðáêÝôá ìåôáîý ôùí ðåëáôþí SLIP êáé ôïõ õðüëïéðïõ
	  äéêôýïõ óáò (êáé åíäå÷ïìÝíùò êáé ôïõ Internet), èá ðñÝðåé ìÜëëïí íá
	  ðñïóèÝóåôå óôáôéêÝò äéáäñïìÝò ðñïò ôïí ðëçóéÝóôåñï óáò
	  ðñïåðéëåãìÝíï äñïìïëïãçôÞ ãéá íá äñïìïëïãåßôå ôï õðïäßêôõï ôùí SLIP
	  ðåëáôþí óáò äéáìÝóïõ ôïõ åîõðçñåôçôÞ SLIP.</para>

	<sect4>
	  <title>ÓôáôéêÝò ÄéáäñïìÝò</title>
	  <indexterm><primary>static routes</primary></indexterm>

	  <para>Ç ðñïóèÞêç óôáôéêþí äéáäñïìþí ðñïò ôïõò ðëçóéÝóôåñïõò óáò
	    ðñïåðéëåãìÝíïõò äñïìïëïãçôÝò, ìðïñåß íá åßíáé ðñïâëçìáôéêÞ (Þ êáé
	    áäýíáôç áí äåí Ý÷åôå ôá êáôÜëëçëá äéêáéþìáôá ðñüóâáóçò).  Áí
	    ç åôáéñßá óáò äéáèÝôåé äßêôõï ìå ðïëëáðëïýò äñïìïëïãçôÝò, êÜðïéá
	    ìïíôÝëá (ð.÷. áðü ôçí Cisco êáé ôçí Proteon), åêôüò üôé ðñÝðåé
	    íá ñõèìéóôïýí ìå ôçí óôáôéêÞ äéáäñïìÞ ðñïò ôï õðïäßêôõï SLIP,
	    ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá ñõèìéóôïýí ìå ôéò óôáôéêÝò äéáäñïìÝò ðïõ èá
	    áíáöÝñïõí óôïõò Üëëïõò äñïìïëïãçôÝò.  Èá ÷ñåéáóôåß íá
	    ðåéñáìáôéóôåßôå êáé íá äïêéìÜóåôå äéÜöïñåò ñõèìßóåéò ãéá íá
	    äïõëÝøåé ç äñïìïëüãçóç ìÝóù óôáôéêþí äéáäñïìþí.</para>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>
</chapter>