1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
5517
5518
5519
5520
5521
5522
5523
5524
5525
5526
5527
5528
5529
5530
5531
5532
5533
5534
5535
5536
5537
5538
5539
5540
5541
5542
5543
5544
5545
5546
5547
5548
5549
5550
5551
5552
5553
5554
5555
5556
5557
5558
5559
5560
5561
5562
5563
5564
5565
5566
5567
5568
5569
5570
5571
5572
5573
5574
5575
5576
5577
5578
5579
5580
5581
5582
5583
5584
5585
5586
5587
5588
5589
5590
5591
5592
5593
5594
5595
5596
5597
5598
5599
5600
5601
5602
5603
5604
5605
5606
5607
5608
5609
5610
5611
5612
5613
5614
5615
5616
5617
5618
5619
5620
5621
5622
5623
5624
5625
5626
5627
5628
5629
5630
5631
5632
5633
5634
5635
5636
5637
5638
5639
5640
5641
5642
5643
5644
5645
5646
5647
5648
5649
5650
5651
5652
5653
5654
5655
5656
5657
5658
5659
5660
5661
5662
5663
5664
5665
5666
5667
5668
5669
5670
5671
5672
5673
5674
5675
5676
5677
5678
5679
5680
5681
5682
5683
5684
5685
5686
5687
5688
5689
5690
5691
5692
5693
5694
5695
5696
5697
5698
5699
5700
5701
5702
5703
5704
5705
5706
5707
5708
5709
5710
5711
5712
5713
5714
5715
5716
5717
5718
5719
5720
5721
5722
5723
5724
5725
5726
5727
5728
5729
5730
5731
5732
5733
5734
5735
5736
5737
5738
5739
5740
5741
5742
5743
5744
5745
5746
5747
5748
5749
5750
5751
5752
5753
5754
5755
5756
5757
5758
5759
5760
5761
5762
5763
5764
5765
5766
5767
5768
5769
5770
5771
5772
5773
5774
5775
5776
5777
5778
5779
5780
5781
5782
5783
5784
5785
5786
5787
5788
5789
5790
5791
5792
5793
5794
5795
5796
5797
5798
5799
5800
5801
5802
5803
5804
5805
5806
5807
5808
5809
5810
5811
5812
5813
5814
5815
5816
5817
5818
5819
5820
5821
5822
5823
5824
5825
5826
5827
5828
5829
5830
5831
5832
5833
5834
5835
5836
5837
5838
5839
5840
5841
5842
5843
5844
5845
5846
5847
5848
5849
5850
5851
5852
5853
5854
5855
5856
5857
5858
5859
5860
5861
5862
5863
5864
5865
5866
5867
5868
5869
5870
5871
5872
5873
5874
5875
5876
5877
5878
5879
5880
5881
5882
5883
5884
5885
5886
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891
5892
5893
5894
5895
5896
5897
5898
5899
5900
5901
5902
5903
5904
5905
5906
5907
5908
5909
5910
5911
5912
5913
5914
5915
5916
5917
5918
5919
5920
5921
5922
5923
5924
5925
5926
5927
5928
5929
5930
5931
5932
5933
5934
5935
5936
5937
5938
5939
5940
5941
5942
5943
5944
5945
5946
5947
5948
5949
5950
5951
5952
5953
5954
5955
5956
5957
5958
5959
5960
5961
5962
5963
5964
5965
5966
5967
5968
5969
5970
5971
5972
5973
5974
5975
5976
5977
5978
5979
5980
5981
5982
5983
5984
5985
5986
5987
5988
5989
5990
5991
5992
5993
5994
5995
5996
5997
5998
5999
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6032
6033
6034
6035
6036
6037
6038
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6044
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
6123
6124
6125
6126
6127
6128
6129
6130
6131
6132
6133
6134
6135
6136
6137
6138
6139
6140
6141
6142
6143
6144
6145
6146
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
6153
6154
6155
6156
6157
6158
6159
6160
6161
6162
6163
6164
6165
6166
6167
6168
6169
6170
6171
6172
6173
6174
6175
6176
6177
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
<title>FreeBSD/alpha 4.8-RELEASE Hardware Notes</title>
<meta name="GENERATOR"
content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.73 " />
<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" />
</head>
<body class="ARTICLE" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"
link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
<div class="ARTICLE">
<div class="TITLEPAGE">
<h1 class="TITLE"><a id="AEN2" name="AEN2">FreeBSD/alpha
4.8-RELEASE Hardware Notes</a></h1>
<h3 class="CORPAUTHOR">The FreeBSD Documentation
Project</h3>
<p class="COPYRIGHT">Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002,
2003 by The FreeBSD Documentation Project</p>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="TOC">
<dl>
<dt><b>Table of Contents</b></dt>
<dt>1 <a href="#AEN11">Introduction</a></dt>
<dt>2 <a href="#AEN16">Supported processors and
motherboards</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.1 <a href="#AEN25">Overview</a></dt>
<dt>2.2 <a href="#AEN44">In general, what do you need
to run FreeBSD on an Alpha?</a></dt>
<dt>2.3 <a href="#AEN105">System-specific
information</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.3.1 <a href="#AEN110">AXPpci33
(``NoName'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.2 <a href="#AEN184">Universal Desktop Box
(UDB or ``Multia'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.3 <a href="#AEN270">Personal Workstation
(``Miata'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.4 <a href="#AEN380">DEC3000 family (the
``Bird'' machines)</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.5 <a href="#AEN551">Evaluation Board 64
family</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.6 <a href="#AEN605">Evaluation Board 164
(``EB164, PC164, PC164LX, PC164SX'')
family</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.7 <a href="#AEN672">AlphaStation 200
(``Mustang'') and 400 (``Avanti'')
series</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.8 <a href="#AEN737">AlphaStation 500 and
600 (``Alcor'' & ``Maverick'' for EV5,
``Bret'' for EV56)</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.9 <a href="#AEN848">AlphaServer 1000
(``Mikasa''), 1000A (``Noritake'') and
800(``Corelle'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.10 <a href="#AEN904">DS10/VS10/XP900
(``Webbrick'') / XP1000 (``Monet'') / DS10L
(``Slate'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.11 <a href="#AEN1055">DS20/DS20E
(``Goldrush'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.12 <a href="#AEN1124">AlphaPC 264DP /
UP2000</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.13 <a href="#AEN1170">AlphaServer 2000
(``DemiSable''), 2100 (``Sable''), 2100A
(``Lynx'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.14 <a href="#AEN1241">AlphaServer 4x00
(``Rawhide'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.15 <a href="#AEN1272">AlphaServer 1200
(``Tincup'') and AlphaStation 1200
(``DaVinci'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.16 <a href="#AEN1302">AlphaServer 8200
and 8400 (``TurboLaser'')</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.17 <a href="#AEN1345">Alpha Processor
Inc. UP1000</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.18 <a href="#AEN1394">Alpha Processor
Inc. UP1100</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.19 <a href="#AEN1442">Alpha Processor
Inc. CS20, Compaq DS20L</a></dt>
<dt>2.3.20 <a href="#AEN1489">Compaq AlphaServer
ES40 (``Clipper'')</a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>2.4 <a href="#AEN1526">Supported Hardware
Overview</a></dt>
<dt>2.5 <a href="#AEN1558">Acknowledgments</a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>3 <a href="#AEN1599">Supported Devices</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>3.1 <a href="#AEN1605">Disk Controllers</a></dt>
<dt>3.2 <a href="#ETHERNET">Ethernet
Interfaces</a></dt>
<dt>3.3 <a href="#AEN2903">FDDI Interfaces</a></dt>
<dt>3.4 <a href="#AEN2913">ATM Interfaces</a></dt>
<dt>3.5 <a href="#AEN2955">Wireless Network
Interfaces</a></dt>
<dt>3.6 <a href="#AEN3083">Miscellaneous
Networks</a></dt>
<dt>3.7 <a href="#AEN3093">ISDN Interfaces</a></dt>
<dt>3.8 <a href="#AEN3157">Multi-port Serial
Interfaces</a></dt>
<dt>3.9 <a href="#AEN3257">Audio Devices</a></dt>
<dt>3.10 <a href="#AEN3360">Camera and Video Capture
Devices</a></dt>
<dt>3.11 <a href="#USB">USB Devices</a></dt>
<dt>3.12 <a href="#FIREWIRE">IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
Devices</a></dt>
<dt>3.13 <a href="#AEN3619">Cryptographic
Accelerators</a></dt>
<dt>3.14 <a href="#AEN3644">Miscellaneous</a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="AEN11" name="AEN11">1
Introduction</a></h1>
<p>This document contains the hardware compatability notes
for FreeBSD 4.8-RELEASE on the Alpha/AXP hardware platform
(also referred to as FreeBSD/alpha 4.8-RELEASE). It lists
devices known to work on this platform, as well as some
notes on boot-time kernel customization that may be useful
when attempting to configure support for new devices.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> This document includes information
specific to the Alpha/AXP hardware platform. Versions
of the hardware compatability notes for other
architectures will differ in some details.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="AEN16" name="AEN16">2 Supported
processors and motherboards</a></h1>
<i class="AUTHORGROUP"><span class="CONTRIB">Maintained
by</span> Wilko Bulte.</i>
<p>Additions, corrections and constructive criticism are
invited. In particular, information on system quirks is
more than welcome.</p>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN25" name="AEN25">2.1
Overview</a></h2>
<p>This document tries to provide a starting point for
those who want to run FreeBSD on an Alpha-based machine.
It is aimed at providing background information on the
various hardware designs. It is not a replacement for the
systems manuals.</p>
<p>The information is structured as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>general hardware requirements to run FreeBSD on
alpha;</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>system specific information for each of the
systems/boards supported by FreeBSD;</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>information on expansion boards for FreeBSD,
including things that differ from what is in the
generic supported hardware list.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> You will see references to DEC,
Digital Equipment Corporation and Compaq used more or
less interchangeably. Now that Compaq has acquired
Digital Equipment it would be more correct to refer
to Compaq only. Given the fact that you will see the
mix of names everywhere, I don't bother.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> SRM commands will be in <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>UPPER CASE</b></tt>. Lower case
input is also acceptable to SRM. Upper case is used
for clarity.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> Compaq has put information on the Web
for Linux developers that is also very useful for
FreeBSD users. Please check at <a
href="http://www.support.compaq.com/alpha-tools/"
target="_top">Linux Alpha Power tools</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN44" name="AEN44">2.2 In
general, what do you need to run FreeBSD on an
Alpha?</a></h2>
<p>Obviously you will need an Alpha machine that FreeBSD
knows about. Alpha machines are NOT like PCs. There are
considerable differences between the various core logic
chip sets and mainboard designs. This means that a kernel
needs to know the intimate details of a particular
machine before it can run on it. Throwing some odd <tt
class="FILENAME">GENERIC</tt> kernel at unknown hardware
is almost guaranteed to fail miserably.</p>
<p>For a machine even to be considered for FreeBSD use
please make sure it has the SRM console firmware
installed. Or at least make sure that SRM console
firmware is available for the particular machine type. If
FreeBSD does not currently support your machine type,
there is a good chance that this will change at some
point in time, assuming SRM is available. All bets are
off when SRM console firmware is not available.</p>
<p>Machines with the ARC or AlphaBIOS console firmware
were intended for WindowsNT. Some have SRM console
firmware available in the system ROMs which you only have
to select (via an ARC or AlphaBIOS menu). In other cases
you will have to re-flash the ROMs with SRM code. Check
on http://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/Alpha/firmware to see
what is available for your particular system. In any
case: no SRM means <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">no</i></span> FreeBSD (or NetBSD,
OpenBSD, Tru64 Unix or OpenVMS for that matter). With the
demise of WindowsNT/alpha a lot of former NT boxes are
sold on the second hand market. They have little or no
trade-in value when they are NT-only from the console
firmware perspective. So, be suspicious if the price
appears too good.</p>
<p>Known non-SRM machines are:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Digital XL series</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Digital XLT series</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Samsung PC164UX (``Ruffian'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Samsung 164B</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Machines that have SRM but are not supported by
FreeBSD are:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>DECpc 150 (``Jensen'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DEC 2000/300 (``Jensen'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DEC 2000/500 (``Culzean'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AXPvme series (``Medulla'')</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>To complicate things a bit further: Digital used to
have so called ``white-box'' Alpha machines destined as
NT-only and ``blue-box'' Alpha machines destined for
OpenVMS and Digital Unix. These names are based on the
color of the cabinets, ``FrostWhite'' and ``TopGunBlue''
respectively. Although you could put the SRM console
firmware on a whitebox, OpenVMS and Digital Unix will
refuse to boot on them. FreeBSD in post-4.0-RELEASE will
run on both the white and the blue-box variants. Before
someone asks: the white ones had a rather different
(read: cheaper) Digital price tag.</p>
<p>As part of the SRM you will get the so called OSF/1
PAL code (OSF/1 being the initial name of Digital's UNIX
offering on Alpha). The PAL code can be thought of as a
software abstraction layer between the hardware and the
operating system. It uses normal CPU instruction plus a
handful of privileged instructions specific for PAL use.
PAL is not microcode. The ARC console firmware contains a
different PAL code, geared towards WinNT and in no way
suitable for use by FreeBSD (or more generic: Unix or
OpenVMS). Before someone asks: Linux/alpha brings its own
PAL code, allowing it to boot on ARC and AlphaBIOS. There
are various reasons why this is not a very good idea in
the eyes of the *BSD folks. I don't want to go into
details here. If you are interested in the gory details
search the FreeBSD and NetBSD web sites.</p>
<p>There is another pitfall ahead: you will need a disk
adapter that the SRM console firmware recognizes in order
to be able to boot from a disk. What is acceptable to SRM
as a boot adapter is unfortunately highly system and SRM
version dependent. For older PCI based machines it means
you will need either a NCR/Symbios 53C810 based adapter,
or a Qlogic 1020/1040 based adapter. Some machines come
with a SCSI chip embedded on the mainboard. Newer machine
designs and SRM versions will be able to work with more
modern SCSI chips/adapters. Check out the machine
specific info below. Please note that the rest of this
discussion only refers to Symbios chips, this is meant to
include the older chips that still have NCR stamped on
them. Symbios bought NCR sometime.</p>
<p>The problem might bite those who have machines that
started their lives as WindowsNT boxes. The ARC or
AlphaBIOS knows about <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">other</i></span> adapter types that it
can boot from than the SRM. For example you can boot from
an Adaptec 2940UW with ARC/AlphaBios but (generally) not
with SRM. Some newer machine types have introduced
Adaptec boot support. Please consult the machine specific
section for details.</p>
<p>Most adapters that cannot be booted from work fine for
data-only disks. The differences between SRM and ARC
could also get you pre-packaged IDE CDROMs and hard
drives in some (former WindowsNT) systems. SRM versions
exist (depends on the machine type) that can boot from
IDE disks and CDROMs. Check the machine specific section
for details.</p>
<p>FreeBSD 4.0 and later can be booted from the
distribution CDROM. Earlier versions needed booting from
a 2 disk floppy set.</p>
<p>In order to be bootable the root partition (partition
a) must be at offset 0 of the disk drive. This means you
have to use the installer's partitioning menu and start
with assigning partition a at offset 0 to the root
partition. Subsequently layout the rest of the partitions
to your liking. If you do not adhere to this rule the
install will proceed just fine, but the system will not
be bootable from the freshly installed disk.</p>
<p>If you don't have/want a local disk drive you can boot
via the Ethernet. This assumes an Ethernet adapter/chip
that is recognized by the SRM console. Generally speaking
this boils down to either a 21040 or 21142 or 21143 based
Ethernet interface. Older machines or SRM versions may
not recognize the 21142 / 21143 Fast Ethernet chips, you
are then limited to using 10Mbit Ethernet for net booting
those machines. Non-DEC cards based on said chips will
generally (but are not guaranteed to) work. Note that
Intel took over the 21x4x chips when it bought Digital
Semiconductor. So you might see an Intel logo on them
these days. Recent machine designs have SRM support for
Intel 8255x Ethernet chips.</p>
<p>Alpha machines can be run with SRM on a graphics
console or on a serial console. ARC can also be run on a
serial consoles if need be. VT100 emulation with 8 bit
controls should at least allow you to switch from
ARC/AlphaBIOS to SRM mode without having to install a
graphics card first.</p>
<p>If you want to run your Alpha machine without a
monitor/graphics card just don't connect a keyboard/mouse
to the machine. Instead hook up a serial
terminal[emulator] to serial port #1. The SRM will talk
9600N81 to you. This can also be really practical for
debugging purposes. Beware: some/most (?) SRMs will also
present you with a console prompt at serial port #2. The
booting kernel, however, will display the boot messages
on serial port #1 and will also put the console there.
<span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">This can be
extremely confusing.</i></span></p>
<p>Most PCI based Alphas can use ordinary PC-type VGA
cards. The SRM contains enough smarts to make that work.
It does not, however, mean that each and every PCI VGA
card out on the street will work in an Alpha machine.
Things like S3 Trio64, Mach64, and Matrox Millennium
generally work. Old ET4000 based ISA cards have also
worked for me. But ask around first before buying.</p>
<p>Most PCI devices from the PC-world will also work in
FreeBSD PCI-based machines. Check the <tt
class="FILENAME">/sys/alpha/conf/GENERIC</tt> file for
the latest word on this. Check the appropriate machine
type's discussion in case you want to use PCI cards that
have PCI bridge chips on them. In some cases you might
encounter problems with PCI cards not handling PCI parity
correctly. This can lead to panics. PCI parity checking
can be disabled using the following SRM command:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET PCI_PARITY OFF</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>This is not a FreeBSD problem, all operating systems
running on Alpha hardware will need this workaround.</p>
<p>If your system (also) contains EISA expansion slots
you will need to run the EISA Configuration Utility (ECU)
after you have installed EISA cards or after you have
upgraded your console firmware.</p>
<p>For Alpha CPUs you will find multiple generations. The
original Alpha design is the 21064. It was produced in a
chip process called MOS4, chips made in this process are
nicknamed EV4. Newer CPUs are 21164, 21264 etc. You will
see designations like EV4S, EV45, EV5, EV56, EV6, EV67,
EV68. The EVs with double digit numbers are slightly
improved versions. For example EV45 has an improved FPU
and 16 kByte on-chip separate I & D caches compared
to the EV4 on which it is based. Rule of thumb: the
higher the digit immediately following ``EV'' the more
desirable (read: faster / more modern).</p>
<p>For memory you want at least 32 Mbytes. I have had
FreeBSD run on a 16 Mbyte system but you will not enjoy
that. Kernel build times halved when I went to 32 Mbytes.
Note that the SRM console steals 2Mbyte from the total
system memory (and keeps it). For more serious work 64
Mbytes or more are recommended.</p>
<p>While on the subject of memory: pay close attention to
the type of memory your machine uses. There are very
different memory configurations and requirements for the
various machines.</p>
<p>Final word: I expect the above to sound a bit daunting
to the first-time Alpha user. Don't be daunted too much.
And do feel free to ask questions if something is not
clear after reading this document.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN105" name="AEN105">2.3
System-specific information</a></h2>
<p>Below is an overview of the hardware that FreeBSD runs
on. This list will definitely grow, a look in <tt
class="FILENAME">/sys/alpha/conf/GENERIC</tt> can be
enlightening.</p>
<p>Alpha machines are often best known by their project
code name. Where known these are listed below in
parentheses.</p>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN110" name="AEN110">2.3.1
AXPpci33 (``NoName'')</a></h3>
<p>The NoName is a baby-AT mainboard based on the 21066
LCA (Low Cost Alpha) processor. NoName was originally
designed for OEM-use. The LCA chip includes almost all
of the logic to drive a PCI bus and the memory
subsystem. All of this makes for a low-priced
design.</p>
<p>Due to the limited memory interface the system is
not particularly fast in case of cache misses. As long
as you stay inside the on-chip cache the CPU is
comparable to a 21064 (first generation Alpha). These
boards should be very cheap to obtain these days. It is
a full-fledged 64 bit CPU, just don't expect miracles
as far as speed goes.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21066 Alpha CPU at 166 MHz or 21066A CPU at
233MHz. 21068 CPUs are also possible, but are even
slower.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 0, 256k or 1 Mbyte
(uses DIL chips)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port OR 5pin DIN
keyboard (2 mainboard models)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>bus width: 64 bits</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style 72 pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode
SIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>70ns or better</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>installed in pairs of 2</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>4 SIMM sockets</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>uses ECC</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>512kB Flash ROM for the console code.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>floppy interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 embedded IDE interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>3 32 bit PCI slots (1 shared with ISA)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>5 ISA slots (1 shared with PCI)</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded Fast SCSI using a Symbios 53C810
chip</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>NoNames can either have SRM <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">or</i></span> ARC
console firmware in their Flash ROM. The Flash ROM is
not big enough to hold both ARC and SRM at the same
time and allow software selection of alternate console
code. But you only need SRM anyway.</p>
<p>Cache for the NoNames are 15 or 20 ns DIL chips. For
a 256 kByte cache you want to check your junked 486
mainboard. Chips for a 1 Mbyte cache are a rarer breed
unfortunately. Getting at least a 256kByte cache is
recommended performance wise. Cache-less they are
really slow.</p>
<p>The NoName mainboard has a PC/AT-standard power
connector. It also has a power connector for 3.3 Volts.
No need to rush out to get a new power supply. The 3.3
Volts is only needed in case you run 3.3 Volts PCI
expansion boards. These are quite rare.</p>
<p>The IDE interface is supported by FreeBSD and
requires a line in the kernel configuration file as
follows:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
</pre>
<p>The SRM console unfortunately <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">cannot
boot</i></span> from IDE disks. This means you will
have to use a SCSI disk as the boot device.</p>
<p>The NoName is somewhat stubborn when it comes to
serial consoles. It needs</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE SERIAL</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>before it goes for a serial console. Pulling the
keyboard from the machine is not sufficient, like it is
on most other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical
console needs</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>at the serial console.</p>
<p>There have been reports that you sometimes need to
press <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b>-<b
class="KEYCAP">Alt</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">Del</b> to
capture the SRM's attention. I have never seen this
myself, but it is worth trying if you are greeted by a
blank screen after powerup.</p>
<p>Make sure you use true 36 bit SIMMs, and only FPM
(Fast Page Mode) DRAM. EDO DRAM or SIMMs with fake
parity <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">will
not work</i></span>. The board uses the 4 extra bits
for ECC. 33 bit FPM SIMMs will for the same reason not
work.</p>
<p>Given the choice, get the PS/2-variant mainboard.
Apart from giving you a mouse port as bonus it is
directly supported by Tru64 Unix in case you ever want
or need to run it. The ``DIN-plug''-variant should work
OK for FreeBSD.</p>
<p>The <a
href="ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/axppci/design_guide.ps"
target="_top">OEM manual</a> is recommended
reading.</p>
<p>The kernel configuration file for a NoName kernel
must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_AXPPCI_33
cpu EV4
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN184" name="AEN184">2.3.2
Universal Desktop Box (UDB or ``Multia'')</a></h3>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> Multia can be either Intel or Alpha
CPU based. We assume Alpha based ones here for
obvious reasons.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>Multia is a small desktop box intended as a sort of
personal workstation. They come in a considerable
number of variations, check closely what you get.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21066 Alpha CPU at 166 MHz or 21066A CPU at
233MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board Bcache / L2 cache: COAST-like 256 kByte
cache module; 233MHz models have 512kByte of cache;
166MHz models have soldered-on 256kB caches</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>bus width: 64 bits</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style 72 pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode
SIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>70ns or better</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SIMMs are installed in pairs of 2</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>4 SIMM sockets</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>uses ECC</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>floppy interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 embedded 21040 based 10Mbit Ethernet, AUI and
10base2 connector</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>1 32 bit PCI slot</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 PCMCIA slots</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board Crystal CS4231 or AD1848 sound chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded Fast SCSI, using a Symbios 53C810[A]
chip on the PCI riser card</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Multia has enough Flash ROM to store both SRM and
ARC code at the same time and allow software selection
of one of them.</p>
<p>The embeded TGA video adapter is <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span>
currently usable as a FreeBSD console. You will need to
use a serial console.</p>
<p>Multia has only one 32 bit PCI slot for expansion,
and it is only suitable for a small form factor PCI
card. By sacrificing the PCI slot space you can mount a
3.5" hard disk drive. Mounting stuff may have come
with your Multia. Adding a 3.5" disk is <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span> a
recommended upgrade due to the limited power rating of
the power supply and the extremely marginal cooling of
the system box.</p>
<p>Multia also has 2 PCMCIA expansion slots. These are
currently not supported by FreeBSD.</p>
<p>The CPU might or might not be socketed, check this
before considering CPU upgrade hacks. The low-end
Multias have a soldered-in CPU.</p>
<p>Multia has 2 serial ports but routes both of them to
the outside world on a single 25 pin sub-D connector.
The Multia FAQ explains how to build your own Y-cable
to allow both ports to be used.</p>
<p>Although the Multia SRM supports booting from floppy
this can be problematic. Typically the errors look
like:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
*** Soft Error - Error #10 - FDC: Data overrun or underrun
</pre>
<p>This is not a FreeBSD problem, it is a SRM problem.
The best available workaround to install FreeBSD is to
boot from a SCSI CDROM.</p>
<p>There have been reports that you sometimes need to
press <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b>-<b
class="KEYCAP">Alt</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">Del</b> to
capture the SRM's attention. I have never seen this
myself, but it is worth trying when you are greeted by
a blank screen after powerup.</p>
<p>Sound works fine using <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pcm&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">pcm</span>(4)</span></a> driver
and a line in the kernel configuration file as follows
for the Crystal CS4231 chip:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
device pcm0 at isa? port 0x530 irq 9 drq 3 flags 0x15
</pre>
<p>I have not yet been successful in getting my Multia
with the AD1848 to play any sound.</p>
<p>While verifying playback I was reminded of the lack
of CPU power of the 166MHz CPU. MP3 only plays
acceptable using 22kHz down-sampling.</p>
<p>Multias are somewhat notorious for dying of heat
strokes. The very compact box does not really allow
access to cooling air. Please use the Multia on its
vertical stand, don't put it horizontally (``pizza
style''). Replacing the fan with something which pushes
around more air is really recommended. You can also cut
one of the wires to the fan speed sensor. Once cut, the
fan runs at a (loud) full speed. Beware of PCI cards
with high power consumption. If your system has died
you might want to check the Multia-Heat-Death pages at
the <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/"
target="_top">NetBSD Web site</a> for help in reviving
it.</p>
<p>The Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge enables the use
of an IDE disk. This requires a line in the kernel
configuration file as follows:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
</pre>
<p>The IDE connector pin spacing is thought for
2.5" laptop disks. A 3.5" IDE disk would not
fit in the case anyway. At least not without
sacrificing your only PCI slot. The SRM console
unfortunately does not know how to boot from IDE disks.
You will need to use a SCSI disk as the boot disk.</p>
<p>In case you want to change the internal hard drive:
the internal flat cable running from the PCI riser
board to the <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">2.5"</i></span> hard drive has a
finer pitch than the standard SCSI flat cables.
Otherwise it would not fit on the 2.5" drives.
There are also riser cards that have a standard-pitch
SCSI cable attached to it, which will fit an ordinary
SCSI disk.</p>
<p>Again, I recommend against trying to cram a
replacement hard disk inside. Use the external SCSI
connector and put your disk in an external enclosure.
Multias run hot enough as-is. In most cases you will
have the external high density 50-pin SCSI connector
but some Multia models came without disk and may lack
the connector. Something to check before buying
one.</p>
<p>The kernel configuration file for a Multia kernel
must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_AXPPCI_33
cpu EV4
</pre>
<p>Recommended reading on Multia can be found at <a
href="http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.html"
target="_top">http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.html</a>
or <a
href="http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/computers/udb.html"
target="_top">http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/computers/udb.html</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN270" name="AEN270">2.3.3
Personal Workstation (``Miata'')</a></h3>
<p>The Miata is a small tower machine intended to be
put under a desk. There are multiple Miata variants.
The original Miata is the MX5 model. Because it suffers
from a number of hardware design flaws a redesign was
done, yielding the MiataGL. Unfortunately the variants
are not easily distinguishable at first sight from the
outside of the case. An easy check is to see if the
back of the machine sports two USB connectors. If yes,
it is a MiataGL. MX5 models tend to be more common in
the used system market place.</p>
<p>System designations look like ``Personal Workstation
433a''. Personal Workstation, being a bit of a
mouthful, is often abbreviated to PWS. This means it
has a 433 MHz CPU, and started life as a WinNT
workstation (the trailing ``a''). Systems designated
from day 1 to run Tru64 Unix or OpenVMS will sport
``433au''. WinNT-Miatas are likely to come
pre-configured with an IDE CDROM drive. So, in general
systems are named like PWS[433,500,600]a[u].</p>
<p>There was also a Miata model with a special CPU
cooling system by Kryotech. The Kryotech has a special
cooling system and is housed in a different
enclosure.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21164A EV56 Alpha CPU at 433, 500 or 600MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21174 core logic (``Pyxis'') chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board Bcache / L3 cache: 0, 2 or 4 Mbytes
(uses a cache module)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>bus width: 128 bits wide, ECC protected</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>unbuffered 72 bit wide SDRAMs DIMMs,
installed in pairs of 2</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>6 DIMM sockets</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>maximum memory 1.5 GBytes</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board Fast Ethernet:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>MX5 uses a 21142 or 21143 Ethernet chip,
dependent on the version of the PCI riser
card</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MiataGL has a 21143 chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>the bulkhead can be 10/100 Mbit UTP, or 10
Mbit UTP/BNC</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 on-board [E]IDE disk interfaces, based on the
CMD646 (MX5) or the Cypress 82C693 (MiataGL)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 Ultra-Wide SCSI Qlogic 1040 [MiataGL only]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 64-bit PCI slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3 32-bit PCI slots (behind a DEC PCI-PCI bridge
chip)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3 ISA slots (physically shared with the 32 bit
PCI slots, via an Intel 82378IB PCI to ISA bridge
chip)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 keyboard & mouse port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>USB interface [MiataGL only]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded sound based on an ESS1888 chip</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The Miata logic is divided into two printed circuit
boards. The lower board in the bottom of the machine
has the PCI and ISA slots and things like the sound
chip etc. The top board has the CPU, the Pyxis chip,
memory etc. Note that MX5 and the MiataGL use a
different PCI riser board. This means that you cannot
just upgrade to a MiataGL CPU board (with the newer
Pyxis chip) but that you will also need a different
riser board. Apparently an MX5 riser with a MiataGL CPU
board will work but it is definitely not a supported or
tested configuration. Everything else (cabinet, wiring,
etc.) is identical for MX5 and MiataGL.</p>
<p>MX5 has problems with DMA via the 2 64-bit PCI slots
when this DMA crosses a page boundary. The 32 bit slots
don't have this problem because the PCI-PCI bridge chip
does not allow the offending transfers. The SRM code
knows about the problem and refuses to start the system
if there is a PCI card in one of the 64bit slots that
it does not know about. Cards that are ``known good''
to the SRM are allowed to be used in the 64bit
slots.</p>
<p>If you want to fool the SRM you can type <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>set pci_device_override</b></tt>
at the SRM prompt. Just don't complain if your data
mysteriously gets mangled.</p>
<p>The complete command is:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE <tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i><vendor_id></i></tt><tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i><device_id></i></tt></b></tt>
</pre>
<p>For example:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE 88c15333</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>The most radical approach is to use:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE -1</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>This disables PCI ID checking altogether, so that
you can install any PCI card without its ID getting
checked. For this to work you need a reasonable current
SRM version.</p>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>Important:</b> Do this on your own risk..</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>The FreeBSD kernel reports it when it sees a buggy
Pyxis chip:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: Pyxis, pass 1
Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: extended capabilities: 1<BWEN>
Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: WARNING: Pyxis pass 1 DMA bug; no bets...
</pre>
<p>A MiataGL probes as:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: cia0: Pyxis, pass 1
Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: cia0: extended capabilities: 1<BWEN>
Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: pcib0: <2117x PCI host bus adapter> on cia0
</pre>
<p>MiataGL does not have the DMA problems of the MX5.
PCI cards that make the MX5 SRM choke when installed in
the 64bit slots are accepted without problems by the
MiataGL SRM.</p>
<p>The latest mainboard revisions of MX5 contain a
hardware workaround for the bug. The SRM does not know
about the ECO and will complain about unknown cards as
before. So does the FreeBSD kernel by the way.</p>
<p>The Miata SRM can boot from IDE CDROM drives. IDE
hard disk boot is known to work for both MiataGL and
MX5 disks, so you can root FreeBSD from an IDE disk.
Speeds on MX5 are around 14 Mbytes/sec assuming a
suitable drive. Miata's CMD646 chip will support up to
WDMA2 mode as the chip is too buggy for use with
UDMA.</p>
<p>Miata MX5s generally use Qlogic 1040 based SCSI
adapters. These are bootable by the SRM console. Note
that Adaptec cards are <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span> bootable by the Miata
SRM console.</p>
<p>The MiataGL has a faster PCI-PCI bridge chip on the
PCI riser card than some of the MX5 riser card
versions. Some of the MX5 risers have the <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">same</i></span>
chip as the MiataGL. All in all there is a lot of
variation.</p>
<p>Not all VGA cards will work behind the PCI-PCI
bridge. This manifests itself as no video at all.
Workaround is to put the VGA card ``before'' the
bridge, in one of the 64 bit PCI slots. Graphics
performance using a 64 bit slot is generally
substantially better.</p>
<p>Both MX5 and MiataGL have an on-board sound chip, an
ESS1888. It emulates a SoundBlaster and can be enabled
by putting</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
device pcm0
device sbc0
</pre>
<p>in your kernel configuration file:</p>
<p>in case your Miata has the optional cache board
installed make sure it is firmly seated. A slightly
loose cache has been observed to cause weird crashes
(not surprising obviously, but maybe not so obvious
when troubleshooting). The cache module is identical
between MX5 and MiataGL.</p>
<p>Installing a 2Mb cache module achieves, apart from a
10-15% speed increase (based on buildworld elapsed
time), a <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">decrease</i></span> for PCI DMA read
bandwidth from 64bit PCI cards. A benchmark on a 64-bit
Myrinet card resulted in a decrease from 149 Mbytes/sec
to 115 Mbytes/sec. Something to keep in mind when doing
really high speed things with 64 bit PCI adapters.</p>
<p>Although the hardware allows you to install up to
1.5Gbyte of memory, FreeBSD is limited to 1Gbyte
because the DMA code does not correctly handle memory
above 1Gbyte.</p>
<p>Moving to a faster CPU is quite simple, swap out the
CPU chip and set the clock multiplier dipswitch to the
speed of the new CPU.</p>
<p>If you experience SRM errors like</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
ERROR: scancode 0xa3 not supported on PCXAL
</pre>
<p>after halting FreeBSD you should update your SRM
firmware to V7.2-1 or later. This SRM version is first
available on the Firmware Update CD V5.7, or on <a
href="http://www.compaq.com/"
target="_top">http://www.compaq.com/</a> This SRM
problem is fixed on both Miata MX5 and Miata GL.</p>
<p>USB is supported by FreeBSD 4.1 and later.</p>
<p>Disconnect the power cord before dismantling the
machine, the soft-power switch keeps part of the logic
powered <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">even</i></span> when the machine is
switched off.</p>
<p>The kernel configuration file for a Miata kernel
must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_ST550
cpu EV5
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN380" name="AEN380">2.3.4
DEC3000 family (the ``Bird'' machines)</a></h3>
<p>The DEC3000 series were among the first Alpha
machines ever produced. They are based on an I/O bus
called the TurboChannel (TC) bus. These machines are
built like tanks (watch your back).</p>
<p>DEC3000 can be subdivided in DEC3000/500-class and
DEC3000/300-class. The DEC3000/500-class is the early
high-end workstation/server Alpha family. Servers use
serial consoles, workstations have graphics tubes.
DEC3000/300-class is the lower-cost workstation
class.</p>
<p>DEC3000/500-class are quite fast (considering their
age) thanks to the good memory design. DEC3000/300 is
crippled compared to DEC3000/500 because of its much
narrower memory bus.</p>
<p>They are called ``Birds'' because their internal DEC
code names were bird names:</p>
<div class="INFORMALTABLE">
<a id="AEN388" name="AEN388"></a>
<table border="1" class="CALSTABLE">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/400</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Sandpiper</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
133MHz CPU, desktop</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/500</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Flamingo</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
150MHz CPU, floor standing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/500X</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">Hot
Pink</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
200MHz CPU, floor standing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/600</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Sandpiper+</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
175MHz CPU, desktop</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/700</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Sandpiper45</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
225MHz CPU, floor standing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/800</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Flamingo Ultra</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
200MHz CPU, floor standing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/900</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Flamingo45</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
275MHz CPU, floor standing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/300</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Pelican</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
150MHz CPU, desktop, 2 TC slots</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/300X</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Pelican+</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
175MHz CPU, desktop, 2 TC slots</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/300LX</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Pelican+</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
125MHz CPU, desktop, 2 TC slots</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
DEC3000/300L</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
100MHz CPU, desktop, no TC slots</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21064 CPU (100 to 200 MHz) or 21064A CPU (225 to
275 MHz)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory DEC3000/500 class:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>bus width: 256 bit, with ECC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>proprietary 100pin SIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>installed in sets of 8</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory DEC3000/300 class:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>bus width: 64 bit, with ECC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style 72pin 36 bit FPM SIMMs 70ns or
better</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>used in pairs of 2</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>Bcache / L2 cache: varying sizes, 512 kB to 2
Mbyte</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>built-in 10Mbit Ethernet based on a Lance 7990
chip, AUI and UTP</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>one or two SCSI buses based on a NCR53C94 or a
NCR53CF94-2 chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 serial ports based on Zilog 8530 (one usable
as a serial console)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded ISDN interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board 8 bit sound</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>8 bit graphics on-board or via a TC card
(depending on model)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Currently DEC3000 machines can only be used diskless
on FreeBSD. The reason for this is that the SCSI
drivers needed for the TC SCSI adapters were not
brought into CAM that the recent FreeBSD versions use.
TC option cards for single (PMAZ-A) or dual fast SCSI
(PMAZC-AA) are also available. These cards currently
have no drivers on FreeBSD either.</p>
<p>DEC3000/300 has 5 MBytes/sec SCSI on-board. This bus
is used for both internal and external devices.
DEC3000/500 has 2 SCSI buses. One is for internal
devices only, the other one is for external devices
only.</p>
<p>Floppy devices found in the DEC3000s are attached to
the SCSI bus (via a bridge card). This makes it
possible to boot from them using the same device names
as ordinary SCSI hard-disks, for example:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>BOOT DKA300</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>The 3000/300 series has a half-speed TurboChannel
compared to the other 3000 machines. Some TC expansion
cards have troubles with the half-speed bus. Caveat
emptor.</p>
<p>The embedded ISDN interface is not supported on
FreeBSD.</p>
<p>DEC3000/300-class uses standard 36 bit, 72 pin Fast
Page Mode SIMMs. EDO SIMMs, 32 or 33 bit SIMMs all will
not work in Pelicans. For 32Mbyte SIMMs to work on the
DEC3000/300-class the presence detect bits/pins of the
SIMM must correspond to what the machine expects. If
they don't, the SIMM is ``seen'' as a 8 Mbyte SIMM. 8
Mbyte and 32 Mbyte SIMMs can be mixed, as long as the
pairs themselves are identical.</p>
<p>When you find yourself in need of fixing 32Mbyte
SIMMs that lack correct presence bits the following
info might be of use:</p>
<p>There are four presence detection bits on PS/2
SIMMs. Two of the bits indicate the access time. The
other two indicate the memory size.</p>
<p>At one end of the SIMM there are two rows of four
solder pads. One row is connected to Vss (GND) and the
other is connected to pins 67 (PRD1), 68 (PRD2), 69
(PRD3), 70 (PRD4).</p>
<p>If you bridge a pair of pads with a small resistor
or a drop of solder you ground that particular bit.</p>
<div class="INFORMALTABLE">
<a id="AEN488" name="AEN488"></a>
<table border="1" class="CALSTABLE">
<thead>
<tr>
<th width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
PRD1</th>
<th width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
PRD2</th>
<th width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Memory Size</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">4 or
64 Mbyte</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">2 or
32 Mbyte</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">1 or
16 Mbyte</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">8
Mbyte</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="INFORMALTABLE">
<a id="AEN515" name="AEN515"></a>
<table border="1" class="CALSTABLE">
<thead>
<tr>
<th width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
PRD3</th>
<th width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
PRD4</th>
<th width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Access Time</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">50 or
100 nsec</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">80
nsec</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
GND</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">70
nsec</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="25%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">
Open</td>
<td width="50%" align="LEFT" valign="TOP">60
nsec</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>DEC3000/500-class can use 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 Mbyte
100pin SIMMs. Note that the maximum memory size varies
from system to system, desktop machines have sacrificed
box size for less memory SIMM sockets. Given enough
sockets and enough SIMMs you can get to 512 Mbytes
maximum. This is one of the main differences between
floor standing and desktop machines, the latter have
far less SIMM sockets.</p>
<p>The sound hardware is not supported on any of the
Birds.</p>
<p>There is no X-Windows version available for the TC
machines. DEC3000/300 needs a serial console.
DEC3000/500-class might work with a graphical console.
I ran mine with a serial console so I cannot verify
this.</p>
<p>Birds can be obtained from surplus sales etc. As
they are not PCI based they are no longer actively
maintained. TC expansion boards can be difficult to
obtain these days and support for them is not too good
unless you write/debug the code yourself. Programming
information for TC boards is hard to find. Birds are
recommended only if a. you can get them cheap and b. if
you prepared to work on the code to support them
better.</p>
<p>For the DEC3000/[4-9]00 series machines the kernel
config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_3000_500
cpu EV4
</pre>
<p>For the DEC3000/300 (``Pelican'') machines the
kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_3000_300
cpu EV4
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN551" name="AEN551">2.3.5
Evaluation Board 64 family</a></h3>
<p>In its attempts to popularize the Alpha CPU DEC
produced a number of so called Evaluation Boards.
Members of this family are EB64, EB64+, AlphaPC64
(codename ``Cabriolet''). A non-DEC member of this
family is the Aspen Alpine. The EB64 family of
evaluation boards has the following feature set:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21064 or 21064A CPU, 150 to 275 MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>memory buswidth: 128 bit</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style 72 pin 33 bit Fast Page Mode
SIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>70ns or better</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>installed in sets of 4</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>8 SIMM sockets</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>uses parity memory</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>Bcache / L2 cache: 0, 512 kByte, 1 Mbyte or 2
Mbytes</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21072 (``APECS'') chip set</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge chip
(``Saturn'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>dual 16550A serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>parallel printer port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Symbios 53C810 Fast-SCSI (not on AlphaPC64)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>IDE interface (only on AlphaPC64)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded 10 Mbit Ethernet (not on AlphaPC64)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 PCI slots (4 slots on AlphaPC64)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3 ISA slots</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Aspen Alpine is slightly different, but is close
enough to the EB64+ to run an EB64+ SRM EPROM (mine
did..). The Aspen Alpine does not have an embedded
Ethernet, has 3 instead of 2 PCI slots. It comes with 2
Mbytes of cache already soldered onto the mainboard. It
has jumpers to select the use of 60, 70 or 80ns SIMM
speeds.</p>
<p>36 bits SIMMs work fine, 3 bits simply remain
unused. Note the systems use Fast Page Mode memory, not
EDO memory.</p>
<p>The EB64+ SRM console code is housed in an
UV-erasable EPROM. No easy flash SRM upgrades for the
EB64+ The latest SRM version available for EB64+ is
quite ancient anyway.</p>
<p>The EB64+ SRM can boot both 53C810 and Qlogic1040
SCSI adapters. Pitfall for the Qlogic is that the
firmware that is down-loaded by the SRM onto the Qlogic
chip is very old. There are no updates for the EB64+
SRM available. So you are stuck with old Qlogic bits
too. I have had quite some problems when I wanted to
use Ultra-SCSI drives on the Alpine with Qlogic. The
FreeBSD kernel can be compiled to include a much newer
Qlogic firmware revision. This is not the default
because it adds hundreds of kBytes worth of bloat to
the kernel. In FreeBSD 4.1 and later the isp firmware
is contained in a kernel loadable module. All of this
might mean that you need to use a non-Qlogic adapter to
boot from.</p>
<p>AlphaPC64 boards generally come with ARC console
firmware. SRM console code can be loaded from floppy
into the Flash ROM.</p>
<p>The IDE interface of the AlphaPC64 is not bootable
from the SRM console. Enabling it requires the
following line in the kernel configuration file:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14
</pre>
<p>Note that the boards require a power supply that
supplies 3.3 Volts for the CPU.</p>
<p>For the EB64 family machines the kernel config file
must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_EB64PLUS
cpu EV4
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN605" name="AEN605">2.3.6
Evaluation Board 164 (``EB164, PC164, PC164LX,
PC164SX'') family</a></h3>
<p>EB164 is a newer design evaluation board, based on
the 21164A CPU. This design has been used to ``spin
off'' multiple variations, some of which are used by
OEM manufacturers/assembly shops. Samsung did its own
PC164LX which has only 32 bit PCI, whereas the Digital
variant has 64 bit PCI.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21164A, multiple speed variants [EB164, PC164,
PC164LX]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21164PC [only on PC164SX]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21171 (Alcor) chip set [EB164]</p>
<p>21172 (Alcor2) chip set [PC164]</p>
<p>21174 (Pyxis) chip [164LX, 164SX]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Bcache / L3 cache: EB164 uses special
cache-SIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 128 bit / 256 bit</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style SIMMs in sets of 4 or 8</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>36 bit, Fast Page Mode, uses ECC, [EB164 /
PC164]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SDRAM DIMMs in sets of 2, uses ECC [PC164SX
/ PC164LX]</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>floppy controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>32 bits PCI</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>64 bits PCI [some models]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ISA slots via an Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge
chip</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Using 8 SIMMs for a 256bit wide memory can yield
interesting speedups over a 4 SIMM/128bit wide memory.
Obviously all 8 SIMMs must be of the same type to make
this work. The system must be explicitly setup to use
the 8 SIMM memory arrangement. You must have 8 SIMMs, 4
SIMMs distributed over 2 banks will not work. For the
AlphaPC164 you can have a maximum of 1Gbyte of RAM,
using 8 128Mbyte SIMMs. The manual indicates the
maximum is 512 Mbyte.</p>
<p>The SRM can boot from Qlogic 10xx boards or the
Symbios 53C810[A]. Newer Symbios 810 revisions like the
Symbios 810AE are not recognized by the SRM on PC164.
PC164 SRM does not appear to recognize a Symbios 53C895
based host adapter (tested with a Tekram DC-390U2W). On
the other hand some no-name Symbios 53C985 board has
been reported to work. Cards like the Tekram DC-390F
(Symbios875 based) have been confirmed to work fine on
the PC164. Unfortunately this seems to be dependent on
the actual version of the chip/board.</p>
<p>Symbios 53C825[a] will also work as boot adapter.
Diamond FirePort, although based on Symbios chips, is
not bootable by the PC164SX SRM. PC164SX is reported to
boot fine with Symbios825, Symbios875, Symbios895 and
Symbios876 based cards. In addition, Adaptec 2940U and
2940UW are reported to work for booting (verified on
SRM V5.7-1). Adaptec 2930U2 and 2940U2[W] do not
work.</p>
<p>164LX and 164SX with SRM firmware version 5.8 or
later can boot from Adaptec 2940-series adapters.</p>
<p>In summary: this family of machines is ``blessed''
with a challenging compatibility as far as SCSI
adapters go.</p>
<p>On 164SX you can have a maximum of 1 Gbyte of RAM. 4
regular 256MB PC133 ECC DIMMs are reported to work just
fine. Whether 512MB DIMMs will also work is currently
unknown.</p>
<p>PCI bridge chips are sometimes not appreciated by
the 164SX, they cause SRM errors and kernel panics in
those cases. This seems to depend on the fact if the
card is recognised, and therefore correctly
initialised, by the SRM console. The 164SX' onboard IDE
interface is quite slow, a Promise card gives a 3-4
times speed improvement.</p>
<p>On PC164 the SRM sometimes seems to loose its
variable settings. ``For PC164, current superstition
says that, to avoid losing settings, you want to first
downgrade to SRM 4.x and then upgrade to 5.x.'' One
sample error that was observed was:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
ERROR: ISA table corrupt!
</pre>
<p>A sequence of a downgrade to SRM4.9, an</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>ISACFG -INIT</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>followed by</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>INIT</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>made the problem go away. Some PC164 owners report
they have never seen the problem.</p>
<p>On PC164SX the AlphaBIOS allows you a selection to
select SRM to be used as console on the next power up.
This selection does not appear to have any effect. In
other words, you will get the AlphaBIOS regardless of
what you select. The fix is to reflash the console ROM
with the SRM code for PC164SX. This will overwrite the
AlphaBIOS and will get you the SRM console you desire.
The SRM code can be found on the Compaq Web site.</p>
<p>164LX can either have the SRM console code or the
AlphaBIOS code in its flash ROM because the flash ROM
is too small to hold both at the same time.</p>
<p>PC164 can boot from IDE disks assuming your SRM
version is recent enough.</p>
<p>EB164 needs a power supply that supplies 3.3 Volts.
PC164 does not implement the PS_ON signal that ATX
power supplies need to switch on. A simple switch
pulling this signal to ground allows you to run a
standard ATX power supply.</p>
<p>For the EB164 class machines the kernel config file
must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_EB164
cpu EV5
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN672" name="AEN672">2.3.7
AlphaStation 200 (``Mustang'') and 400 (``Avanti'')
series</a></h3>
<p>The Digital AlphaStation 200 and 400 series systems
are early low end PCI based workstations. The 200 and
250 series are desktop boxes, the 400 series is a
desk-side mini-tower.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21064 or 21064A CPU at speeds of 166 up to 333
MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DECchip 21071-AA core logic chip set</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Bcache / L2 cache: 512 Kbytes (200 and 400
series) or 2048KBytes (250 series)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>64 bit bus width</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>8 to 384 MBytes of RAM</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>70 ns or better Fast Page DRAM</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>in three pairs (200 and 400 series)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>in two quads, so banks of four. (250
series)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>the memory subsystem uses parity</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 keyboard and mouse port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>two 16550 serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>floppy disk interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>32 bit PCI expansion slots (3 for the
AS400-series, 2 for the AS200 & 250-series)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ISA expansion slots (4 for the AS400-series, 2
for the AS200 & 250-series) (some ISA/PCI slots
are physically shared)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded 21040-based Ethernet (200 & 250
series)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded Symbios 53c810 Fast SCSI-2 chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82378IB (``Saturn'') PCI-ISA bridge
chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>graphics is embedded TGA or PCI VGA (model
dependent)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>16 bit sound (on 200 & 250 series)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The systems use parity memory SIMMs, but these do
not need 36 bit wide SIMMs. 33 bit wide SIMMs are
sufficient, 36 bit SIMMs are acceptable too. EDO or 32
bit SIMMs will not work. 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 Mbyte
SIMMs are supported.</p>
<p>The AS200 & AS250 sound hardware is reported to
work OK assuming you have the following line in your
kernel config file:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
device pcm0 at isa? port 0x530 irq 10 drq 0 flags 0x10011
</pre>
<p>AlphaStation 200 & 250 series have an automatic
SCSI terminator. This means that as soon as you plug a
cable onto the external SCSI connector the internal
terminator of the system is disabled. It also means
that you should not leave unterminated cables plugged
into the machine.</p>
<p>AlphaStation 400 series have an SRM variable that
controls termination. In case you have external SCSI
devices connected you must set this SRM variable
using</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONTROL_SCSI_TERM EXTERNAL</b></tt>.
</pre>
<p>If only internal SCSI devices are present use:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONTROL_SCSI_TERM INTERNAL</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>For the AlphaStation-[24][05]00 machines the kernel
config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_2100_A50
cpu EV4
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN737" name="AEN737">2.3.8
AlphaStation 500 and 600 (``Alcor'' & ``Maverick''
for EV5, ``Bret'' for EV56)</a></h3>
<p>AS500 and 600 were the high-end EV5 / PCI based
workstations. EV6 based machines have in the meantime
taken their place as front runners. AS500 is a desktop
in a dark blue case (TopGun blue), AS600 is a sturdy
desk-side box. AS600 has a nice LCD panel to observe
the early stages of SRM startup.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21164 EV5 CPU at 266, 300, 333, 366, 400, 433,
466, or 500 MHz (AS500) or at 266, 300 or 333 MHz
(AS600)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21171 (Alcor) or 21172 (Alcor2) core logic chip
set</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cache:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>2 or 4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 266 MHz)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 300 MHz)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 or 8 Mb L3 / Bcache (8 Mb on 500 MHz
version only)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 to 16 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600; 3 cache-SIMM
slots)</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory buswidth: 256 bits</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AS500 memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>industry standard 72 bit wide buffered Fast
Page Mode DIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>8 DIMM slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>installed in sets of 4</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>maximum memory is 1 GB (512 Mb max on 333
MHz CPUs)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>uses ECC</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>AS600 memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>industry standard 36 bit Fast Page Mode
SIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>32 SIMM slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>installed in sets of 8</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>maximum memory is 1 GB</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>uses ECC</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>Qlogic 1020 based wide SCSI bus (1 bus/chip for
AS500, 2 buses/chip for AS600)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21040 based 10 Mbit Ethernet adapter, both
Thinwire and UTP connectors</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>AS500:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>3 32-bit PCI slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 64-bit PCI slot</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>AS600:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>2 32-bit PCI slot</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3 64-bit PCI slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 PCI/EISA physically shared slot</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3 EISA slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 PCI and 1 EISA slot are occupied by
default</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>21050 PCI-to-PCI bridge chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82375EB PCI-EISA bridge (AS600 only)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>16 bit audio Windows Sound System, in a
dedicated slot (AS500) in EISA slot (AS600, this is
an ISA card)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 keyboard and mouse port</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Early machines had Fast SCSI interfaces, later ones
are Ultra SCSI capable. AS500 shares its single SCSI
bus with internal and external devices. For a Fast SCSI
bus you are limited to 1.8 meters bus length external
to the box. The AS500 Qlogic ISP1020A chip can be set
to run in Ultra mode by setting a SRM variable. FreeBSD
however follows the Qlogic chip errata and limits the
bus speed to Fast.</p>
<p>Beware of ancient SRM versions on AS500. When you
see weird SCSI speeds being reported by FreeBSD
like</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
cd0 at isp0 bus 0 target 4 lun 0
cd0: <DEC RRD45 DEC 0436> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-2 device
cd0: 250.000MB/s transfers (250.000MHz, offset 12)
</pre>
<p>it is time to do a SRM console firmware upgrade.</p>
<p>AS600 has one Qlogic SCSI chip dedicated to the
internal devices whereas the other Qlogic SCSI chip is
dedicated to external SCSI devices.</p>
<p>In AS500 DIMMs are installed in sets of 4, in
``physically interleaved'' layout. So, a bank of 4
DIMMs is <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span> 4 physically adjacent
DIMMs. Note that the DIMMs are <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span>
SDRAM DIMMs.</p>
<p>In AS600 the memory SIMMs are placed onto two memory
daughter cards. SIMMs are installed in sets of 8. Both
memory daughter cards must be populated
identically.</p>
<p>Note that both AS500 and AS600 are EISA machines.
This means you have to run the EISA Configuration
Utility (ECU) from floppy after adding EISA cards or to
change things like the configuration settings of the
onboard I/O. For AS500 which does not have a physical
EISA slot the ECU is used to configure the onboard
sound interface etc.</p>
<p>AS500 onboard sound can be used by adding a line
like</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
device pcm0 at isa? port? irq 10 drq 0 flags 0x10011
</pre>
<p>to the kernel configuration file.</p>
<p>Using the ECU I configured my AS500 to use IRQ 10,
port 0x530, and drq 0. Note the uncommon flags in the
kernel configuration.</p>
<p>AS600 has a peculiarity for its PCI slots. AS600 (or
rather the PCI expansion card containing the SCSI
adapters) does not allow I/O port mapping, therefore
all devices behind it must use memory mapping. If you
have problems getting the Qlogic SCSI adapters to work,
add the following option to <tt
class="FILENAME">/boot/loader.rc</tt>:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
set isp_mem_map=0xff
</pre>
<p>This may need to be typed at the boot loader prompt
before booting the installation kernel.</p>
<p>For the AlphaStation-[56]00 machines the kernel
config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_KN20AA
cpu EV5
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN848" name="AEN848">2.3.9
AlphaServer 1000 (``Mikasa''), 1000A (``Noritake'') and
800(``Corelle'')</a></h3>
<p>The AlphaServer 1000 and 800 range of machines are
intended as departmental servers. They come in quite
some variations in packaging and mainboard/cpu.
Generally speaking there are 21064 (EV4) CPU based
machines and 21164 (EV5) based ones. The CPU is on a
daughter card, and the type of CPU (EV4 or EV5) must
match the mainboard in use.</p>
<p>AlphaServer 800 has a much smaller mini tower case,
it lacks the StorageWorks SCSI hot-plug chassis. The
main difference between AS1000 and AS1000A is that
AS1000A has 7 PCI slots whereas AS1000 only has 3 PCI
slots and has EISA slots instead.</p>
<p>AS800 with an EV5/400 MHz CPU was later re-branded
to become a ``DIGITAL Server 3300[R]'', AS800 with an
EV5/500 MHz CPU was later re-branded to become a
``DIGITAL Server 3305[R]''.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21064 EV4[5] CPU at 200, 233 or 266 MHz 21164
EV5[6] CPU at 300, 333 or 400 MHz (or 500 MHz for
AS800 only)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>buswidth: 128 bit with ECC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AS1000[A]:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>72pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode SIMMs, 70ns
or better</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>16 (EV5 machines) or 20 (EV4 machines)
SIMM slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>max memory is 1 GB</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>uses ECC</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>AS800: Uses 60ns 3.3 Volts EDO DIMMs</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded VGA (on some mainboard models)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3 PCI, 2 EISA, 1 64-bit PCI/EISA combo
(AS800)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>7 PCI, 2 EISA (AS1000A)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 PCI, 1 EISA/PCI, 7 EISA (AS1000)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded SCSI based on Symbios 810 [AS1000] or
Qlogic 1020 [AS1000A]</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>AS1000 based machines come in multiple enclosure
types. Floor standing, rack-mount, with or without
StorageWorks SCSI chassis etc. The electronics are the
same.</p>
<p>AS1000-systems: All EV4 based machines use standard
PS/2 style 36 bit 72pin SIMMs in sets of 5. The fifth
SIMM is used for ECC. All EV5 based machines use
standard PS/2 style 36 bit 72pin SIMMs in sets of 4.
The ECC is done based on the 4 extra bits per SIMM (4
bits out of 36). The EV5 mainboards have 16 SIMM slots,
the EV4 mainboards have 20 slots.</p>
<p>AS800 machines use DIMMs in sets of 4. DIMM
installation must start in slots marked bank 0. A bank
is four physically adjacent slots. The biggest size
DIMMs must be installed in bank 0 in case 2 banks of
different DIMM sizes are used. Max memory size is 2GB.
Note that these are EDO DIMMs.</p>
<p>The AS1000/800 are somewhat stubborn when it comes
to serial consoles. They need</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE SERIAL</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>before they go for a serial console. Pulling the
keyboard from the machine is not sufficient, like it is
on most other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical
console needs</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>at the serial console.</p>
<p>For AS800 you want to check if your Ultra-Wide SCSI
is indeed in Ultra mode. This can be done using the <tt
class="FILENAME">EEROMCFG.EXE</tt> utility that is on
the Console Firmware Upgrade CDROM.</p>
<p>For the AlphaServer1000/1000A/800 machines the
kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_1000A
cpu EV4 # depends on the CPU model installed
cpu EV5 # depends on the CPU model installed
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN904" name="AEN904">2.3.10
DS10/VS10/XP900 (``Webbrick'') / XP1000 (``Monet'') /
DS10L (``Slate'')</a></h3>
<p>Webbrick and Monet are high performance
workstations/servers based on the EV6 CPU and the
Tsunami chipset. Tsunami is also used in much
higher-end systems and as such has plenty of
performance to offer. DS10, VS10 and XP900 are
different names for essentially the same system. The
differences are the software and options that are
supported. DS10L is a DS10 based machine in a 1U high
rackmount enclosure. DS10L is intended for ISPs and for
HPTC clusters (e.g. Beowulf)</p>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT4"><a id="AEN910"
name="AEN910">2.3.10.1 ``Webbrick / Slate''</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264 EV6 CPU at 466 MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>L2 / Bcache: 2MB, ECC protected</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 128 bit via crossbar, 1.3GB/sec
memory bandwidth</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>industry standard 200 pin 83 MHz buffered
ECC SDRAM DIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>4 DIMM slots for DS10; 2GB max memory</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 DIMM slots for DS10L; 1GB max memory</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DIMMs are installed in pairs of 2</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>21271 Core Logic chipset (``Tsunami'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 on-board 21143 Fast Ethernet controllers</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AcerLabs M5237 (Aladdin-V) USB controller
(disabled)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AcerLabs M1533 PCI-ISA bridge</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AcerLabs Aladdin ATA-33 controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded dual EIDE</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion: 3 64-bit PCI slots and 1 32-bit PCI
slot. DS10L has a single 64bit PCI slot</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 USB</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 keyboard & mouse port</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The system has a smart power controller. This
means that parts of the system remain powered when it
is switched off (like an ATX-style PC power supply).
Before servicing the machine remove the power
cord.</p>
<p>The smart power controller is called the RMC. When
enabled, typing <b class="KEYCAP">Escape</b><b
class="KEYCAP">Escape</b>RMC on serial port 1 will
bring you to the RMC prompt. RMC allows you to
powerup or powerdown, reset the machine, monitor and
set temperature trip levels etc. RMC has its own
builtin help.</p>
<p>Webbrick is shipped in a desktop-style case
similar to the older 21164 ``Maverick'' workstations
but this case offers much better access to the
components. If you intend to build a farm you can
rackmount them in a 19-inch rack; they are 3U high.
Slate is 1U high but has only one PCI slot.</p>
<p>DS10 has 4 DIMM slots. DIMMs are installed as
pairs. Please note that DIMM pairs are not installed
in adjacent DIMM sockets but rather physically
interleaved. DIMM sizes of 32, 64, 128, 256 and 512
Mbytes are supported.</p>
<p>When 2 pairs of identical-sized DIMMs are
installed DS10 will use memory interleaving for
increased performance. DS10L, which has only 2 DIMM
slots cannot do interleaving.</p>
<p>Starting with SRM firmware version 5.9 you can
boot from Adaptec 2940-series adapters in addition to
the usual set of Qlogic and Symbios/NCR adapters.</p>
<p>The base model comes with a FUJITSU 9.5GB ATA disk
as its boot device. FreeBSD works just fine using
EIDE disks on Webbrick. DS10 has 2 IDE interfaces on
the mainboard. Machines destined for Tru64 Unix or
VMS are standard equipped with Qlogic-driven
Ultra-SCSI disks</p>
<p>On the PCI bus 32 and 64 bit cards are supported,
in 3.3V and 5V variants.</p>
<p>The USB ports are not supported and are disabled
by the SRM console in all recent SRM versions.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_ST6600
cpu EV5
</pre>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> Contrary to expectation there is
no <tt class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for
inclusion in the kernel config file. The <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT4"><a id="AEN975"
name="AEN975">2.3.10.2 ``Monet''</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264 EV6 at 500 MHz 21264 EV67 at 500 or 667
MHz (XP1000G, codenamed Brisbane) CPU is mounted
on a daughter-card which is field-upgradable</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>L2 / Bcache: 4MB, ECC protected</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 256 bit</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory: 128 or 256 Mbytes 100 MHz (PC100) 168
pin JEDEC standard, registered ECC SDRAM
DIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21271 core logic chip set (``Tsunami'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 on-board 21143 Ethernet controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cypress 82C693 USB controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cypress 82C693 PCI-ISA bridge</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cypress 82C693 controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion: 2 independent PCI buses, driven by
high-speed I/O channels called ``hoses'':</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>hose 0: (the upper 3 slots) 2 64-bit PCI
slots 1 32-bit PCI slot</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>hose 1: (the bottom 2 slots) 2 32-bit PCI
slots (behind a 21154 PCI-PCI bridge)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 of the 64-bit PCI slots are for
full-length cards</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>all of the 32-bit PCI slots are for short
cards</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 of the 32-bit PCI slots is physically
shared with an ISA slot</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>all PCI slots run at 33MHz</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 Ultra-Wide SCSI port based on a Qlogic 1040
chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 keyboard & mouse port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded 16-bit ESS ES1888 sound chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 USB ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>graphics options: ELSA Gloria Synergy or
DEC/Compaq PowerStorm 3D accelerator cards</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Monet is housed in a mini-tower like enclosure
quite similar to the Miata box.</p>
<p>The on-board Qlogic UW-SCSI chip supports up to 4
internal devices. There is no external connector for
the on-board SCSI.</p>
<p>For 500 MHz CPUs 83 MHz DIMMs will do. Compaq
specifies PC100 DIMMs for all CPU speeds. DIMMs are
installed in sets of 4, starting with the DIMM slots
marked ``0'' Memory capacity is max 4 GB. DIMMs are
installed ``physically interleaved'', note the
markings of the slots. Memory bandwidth of Monet is
twice that of Webbrick. The DIMMs live on the CPU
daughter-card. Note that the system uses ECC RAM so
you need DIMMs with 72 bits (not the generic PC-class
64 bit DIMMs)</p>
<p>The EIDE interface is usable / SRM bootable so
FreeBSD can be rooted on an EIDE disk. Although the
Cypress chip has potential for 2 EIDE channels Monet
uses only one of them.</p>
<p>The USB interface is supported by FreeBSD.If you
experience problems trying to use the USB interface
please check if the SRM variable <tt
class="VARNAME">usb_enable</tt> is set to <tt
class="LITERAL">on</tt>. You can change this by
performing:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET USB_ENABLE ON</b></tt>
</pre>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>Important:</b> Don"t try to use
Symbios-chip based SCSI adapters in the PCI slots
connected to hose 1. There is a not-yet-found
FreeBSD bug that prevents this from working
correctly.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>Important:</b> Not all VGA cards will work
behind the PCI-PCI bridge (so in slots 4 and 5).
Only cards that implement VGA-legacy addressing
correctly will work. Workaround is to put the VGA
card ``before'' the bridge.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>The sound chip is not currently supported with
FreeBSD.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_ST6600
cpu EV5
</pre>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> Contrary to expectation there is
no <tt class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for
inclusion in the kernel config file. The <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1055" name="AEN1055">2.3.11
DS20/DS20E (``Goldrush'')</a></h3>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264 EV6 CPU at 500 or 670 MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>dual CPU capable machine</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>L2 / Bcache: 4 Mbytes per CPU</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: dual 256 bit wide with crossbar
switch</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>SDRAM DIMMs</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>installed in sets of 4</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>16 DIMM slots, max. 4GB</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>uses ECC</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>21271 core logic chip set (``Tsunami'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded Adaptec ? Wide Ultra SCSI</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>2 independent PCI buses, driven by
high-speed I/O channels called ``hoses''</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>6 64-bit PCI slots, 3 per hose</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 ISA slot</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>DS20 needs</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE SERIAL</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>before it goes for a serial console. Pulling the
keyboard from the machine is not sufficient. Going back
to a graphical console needs</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>at the serial console. Confusing is the fact that
you will get SRM console output on the graphics console
with the console set to serial, but when FreeBSD boots
it honors the <tt class="LITERAL">CONSOLE</tt> variable
setting and all the boot messages as well as the login
prompt will go to the serial port.</p>
<p>The DS20 is housed in a fat cube-like enclosure. The
enclosure also contains a StorageWorks SCSI hot-swap
shelf for a maximum of seven 3.5" SCSI devices.
The DS20E is in a sleeker case, and lacks the
StorageWorks shelf.</p>
<p>The system has a smart power controller. This means
that parts of the system remain powered when it is
switched off (like an ATX-style PC power supply).
Before servicing the machine remove the power
cord(s).</p>
<p>The smart power controller is called the RMC. When
enabled, typing <b class="KEYCAP">Escape</b><b
class="KEYCAP">Escape</b>RMC on serial port 1 will
bring you to the RMC prompt. RMC allows you to powerup
or powerdown, reset the machine, monitor and set
temperature trip levels etc. RMC has its own builtin
help.</p>
<p>The embedded Adaptec SCSI chip on the DS20 is
disabled and is therefore not usable under FreeBSD.</p>
<p>Starting with SRM firmware version 5.9 you can boot
from Adaptec 2940-series adapters in addition to the
usual set of Qlogic and Symbios/NCR adapters. This
unfortunately does not include the embedded Adaptec
SCSI chips.</p>
<p>If you are using banks of DIMMs of different sizes
the biggest DIMMs should be installed in the DIMM slots
marked <tt class="LITERAL">0</tt> on the mainboard. The
DIMM slots should be filled ``in order'' so after bank
0 install in bank 1 and so on.</p>
<p>Don't try to use Symbios-chip based SCSI adapters in
the PCI slots connected to hose 1. There is a
not-yet-found FreeBSD bug that prevents this from
working correctly. DS20 ships by default with a Symbios
on hose 1 so you have to move this card before you can
install/boot FreeBSD on it.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_ST6600
cpu EV5
</pre>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> Contrary to expectation there is no
<tt class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for
inclusion in the kernel config file. The <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1124" name="AEN1124">2.3.12
AlphaPC 264DP / UP2000</a></h3>
<p>UP2000 is built by Alpha Processor Inc.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264 EV6 CPU at 670 MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>dual CPU capable</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>L2 / Bcache: 4 Mbytes per CPU</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 256 bit</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory: SDRAM DIMMs installed in sets of 4, uses
ECC, 16 DIMM slots, max. 4GB</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21272 core logic chip set (``Tsunami'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded Adaptec AIC7890/91 Wide Ultra SCSI</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 embedded IDE based on Cypress 82C693 chips</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded USB via Cypress 82C693</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>2 independent PCI buses, driven by
high-speed I/O channels called ``hoses''</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>6 64-bit PCI slots, 3 per hose</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 ISA slot</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Currently a maximum of 2GB memory is supported by
FreeBSD.</p>
<p>The on-board Adaptec is not bootable but works with
FreeBSD 4.0 and later as a datadisk-only SCSI bus.</p>
<p>Busmaster DMA is supported on the first IDE
interface only.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_ST6600
cpu EV5
</pre>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> Contrary to expectation there is no
<tt class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for
inclusion in the kernel config file. The <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1170" name="AEN1170">2.3.13
AlphaServer 2000 (``DemiSable''), 2100 (``Sable''),
2100A (``Lynx'')</a></h3>
<p>The AlphaServer 2[01]00 machines are intended as
departmental servers. This is medium iron. They are
multi-CPU machines, up to 2 CPUs (AS2000) or 4 CPUs
(2100[A]) can be installed. Both floor-standing and
19" rackmount boxes exist. Rackmount variations
have different numbers of I/O expansion slots,
different max number of CPUs and different maximum
memory size. Some of the boxes come with an integral
StorageWorks shelf to house hot-swap SCSI disks. There
was an upgrade program available to convert your Sable
machine into a Lynx by swapping the I/O backplane (the
C-bus backplane remains). CPU upgrades were available
as well.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21064 EV4[5] CPU[s] at 200, 233, 275 MHz or
21164 EV5[6] CPU[s]s at 250, 300, 375, 400 MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>cache: varies in size with the CPU model; 1, 4
or 8Mbyte per CPU</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded floppy controller driving a 2.88 Mbytes
drive</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded 10Mbit 21040 Ethernet [AS2100 only]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The CPUs spec-ed as 200 MHz are in reality running
at 190 MHz. Maximum number of CPUs is 4. All CPUs must
be of the same type/speed.</p>
<p>If any of the processors are ever marked as failed,
they will remain marked as failed even after they have
been replaced (or reseated) until you issue the
command</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>CLEAR_ERROR ALL</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>on the SRM console and power-cycle the machine. This
may be true for other modules (IO and memory) as well,
but it has not been verified.</p>
<p>The machines use dedicated memory boards. These
boards live on a 128 bit C-bus shared with the CPU
boards. DemiSable supports up to 1GB, Sable up to 2GB.
One of the memory bus slots can either hold a CPU or a
memory card. A 4 CPU machine can have a maximum of 2
memory boards.</p>
<p>Some memory board models house SIMMs. These are
called SIMM carriers. There are also memory modules
that have soldered-on memory chips instead of SIMMs.
These are called ``flat memory modules''.</p>
<p>SIMM boards are used in sets of eight 72-pin 36 bit
FPM memory of 70ns or faster. SIMM types supported are
1M x36 bit (4 Mbyte), 2M x36bit (8 Mbyte) and 4M x36
bit (16 Mbyte). Each memory board can house 4 banks of
SIMMs. SIMM sizes can not be mixed on a single memory
board. The first memory module must be filled with
SIMMs before starting to fill the next memory module.
Note that the spacing between the slots is not that
big, so make sure your SIMMs fit physically (before
buying them..)</p>
<p>Both Lynx and Sable are somewhat stubborn when it
comes to serial consoles. They need</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE SERIAL</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>before they go for a serial console. Pulling the
keyboard from the machine is not sufficient, like it is
on many other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical
console needs</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>at the serial console. On Lynx keep the VGA card in
one of the primary PCI slots. EISA VGA cards are not
slot sensitive.</p>
<p>The machines are equipped with a small OCP (Operator
Control Panel) LCD screen. On this screen the self-test
messages are displayed during system initialization.
You can put your own little text there by using the
SRM:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET OCP_TEXT "FreeBSD"
</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>The SRM</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SHOW FRU</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>command produces an overview of your configuration
with module serial numbers, hardware revisions and
error log counts.</p>
<p>Both Sable, DemiSable and Lynx have Symbios 810
based Fast SCSI on-board. Check if it is set to Fast
SCSI speed by</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SHOW PKA0_FAST</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>When set to 1 it is negotiating for Fast speeds.</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>SET PKA0_FAST 1</b></tt>
</pre>
<p>enables Fast SCSI speeds.</p>
<p>AS2100[A] come equipped with a StorageWorks 7 slot
SCSI cage. A second cage can be added inside the
cabinet. AS2000 has a single 7 slot SCSI cage, which
cannot be expanded with an additional one. Note that
the slot locations in these cages map differently to
SCSI IDs compared to the standard StorageWorks shelves.
Slot IDs from top to bottom are 0, 4, 1, 5, 2, 6, 3
when using a single bus configuration.</p>
<p>The cage can also be set to provide two independent
SCSI buses. This is used for embedded RAID controllers
like the KZPSC (Mylex DAC960). Slot ID assignments for
split bus are, from top to bottom: 0A, 0B, 1A, 1B, 2A,
2B, 3A, 3B. Where A and B signify a SCSI bus. In a
single bus configuration the terminator module on the
back of the SCSI cage is on the TOP. The jumper module
is on the BOTTOM. For split bus operation these two
modules are reversed. The terminator can be
distinguished from the jumper by noting the chips on
the terminator. The jumper does not have any active
components on it.</p>
<p>DemiSable has 7 EISA slots and 3 PCI slots. Sable
has 8 EISA and 3 PCI slots. Lynx, being newer, has 8
PCI and 3 EISA slots. The Lynx PCI slots are grouped in
sets of 4. The 4 PCI slots closest to the CPU/memory
slots are the primary slots, so logically before the
PCI bridge chip. Note that contrary to expectation the
primary PCI slots are the highest numbered ones (PCI4 -
PCI7).</p>
<p>Make sure you run the EISA Configuration Utility
(from floppy) when adding/change expansion cards in
EISA slots or after upgrading your console firmware.
This is done by inserting the ECU floppy and typing</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="PROMPT">>>></tt> <tt
class="USERINPUT"><b>RUNECU</b></tt>
</pre>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> EISA slots are currently
unsupported, but the Compaq Qvision EISA VGA
adapter is treated as an ISA device. It therefore
works OK as a console.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>A special Extended I/O module for use on the C-bus
was planned-for. If they ever saw daylight is unknown.
In any case FreeBSD has never been verified with an
ExtIO module.</p>
<p>The machines can be equipped with redundant power
supplies. Note that the enclosure is equipped with
interlock switches that switch off power when the
enclosure is opened. The system's cooling fans are
speed controlled. When the machine has more than 2 CPUs
and more than 1 memory board dual power supplies are
mandatory.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_2100_A500
cpu EV4 #dependent on CPU model installed
cpu EV5 #dependent on CPU model installed
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1241" name="AEN1241">2.3.14
AlphaServer 4x00 (``Rawhide'')</a></h3>
<p>The AlphaServer 4x00 machines are intended as small
enterprise servers. Expect a 30" high pedestal
cabinet or alternatively the same system box in a
19" rack. This is medium iron, not a typical
hobbyist system. Rawhides are multi-CPU machines, up to
4 CPUs can be in a single machine. Basic disk storage
is housed in one or two StorageWorks shelves at the
bottom of the pedestal. The Rawhides intended for the
NT market are designated DIGITAL Server 7300 (5/400
CPU), DIGITAL Server 7305 (5/533 CPU). A trailing R on
the part-number means a rackmount variant.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21164 EV5 CPUs at 266, 300 MHz or 21164A EV56
CPUs at 400, 466, 533, 600 and 666 Mhz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>cache: 4 Mbytes per CPU. EV5 300 MHz was also
available cache-less. 8 Mbytes for EV5 600Mhz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 128 bit with ECC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded floppy controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Rawhide uses a maximum of 8 RAM modules. These
modules are used in pairs and supply 72 bits to the bus
(this includes ECC bits). Memory can be EDO RAM or
synchronous DRAM. A fully populated Rawhide has 4 pairs
of memory modules. Given the choice use SDRAM for best
performance. The highest capacity memory board must be
in memory slot 0. A mix of memory board sizes is
allowed. A mix of EDO and SDRAM is also reported as
working (assuming you don't try to mix EDO and SDRAM in
one module pair). A mix of EDO and SDRAM results in the
<span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">entire</i></span> memory subsystem
running at the slower EDO timing</p>
<p>Rawhide has an embedded Symbios 810 chip that gives
you a narrow fast-SCSI bus. Generally only the SCSI
CDROM is driven by this interface.</p>
<p>Rawhides are available with a 8 64-bit PCI / 3 EISA
slot expansion backplanes (called ``Saddle'' modules).
There are 2 separate PCI buses, PCI0 and PCI1. PCI0 has
1 dedicated PCI slot and (shared) 3 PCI/EISA slots.
PCI0 also has a PCI/EISA bridge that drives things like
the serial and parallel ports, keyboard/mouse etc. PCI1
has 4 PCI slots and an Symbios 810 SCSI chip. VGA
console cards must be installed in a slot connected to
PCI0.</p>
<p>The current FreeBSD implementation has problems in
handling PCI bridges. There is currently a limited fix
in place which allows for single level, single device
PCI bridges. The fix allows the use of the Digital
supplied Qlogic SCSI card which sits behind a 21054 PCI
bridge chip.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> EISA slots are currently
unsupported, but the Compaq Qvision EISA VGA
adapter is treated as an ISA device. It therefore
works OK as a console.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>Rawhide employs an I2C based power controller
system. If you want to be sure all power is removed
from the system remove the mains cables from the
system.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_KN300
cpu EV5
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1272" name="AEN1272">2.3.15
AlphaServer 1200 (``Tincup'') and AlphaStation 1200
(``DaVinci'')</a></h3>
<p>The AlphaServer 1200 machine is the successor to the
AlphaServer 1000A. It uses the same enclosure the 1000A
uses, but the logic is based on the AlphaServer 4000
design. These are multi-CPU machines, up to 2 CPUs can
be in a single machine. Basic disk storage is housed in
a StorageWorks shelves The AS1200 intended for the NT
market were designated DIGITAL Server 5300 (5/400 CPU)
and DIGITAL Server 5305 (5/533 CPU).</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21164A EV56 CPUs at 400 or 533 Mhz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>cache: 4 Mbytes per CPU</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 128 bit with ECC, DIMM memory on two
memory daughter boards</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded floppy controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 serial ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>AS1200 uses 2 memory daughter cards. On each of
these cards are 8 DIMM slots. DIMMs must be installed
in pairs. The maximum memory size is 4 GBytes. Slots
must be filled in order and slot 0 must contain the
largest size DIMM if different sized DIMMs are used.
AS1200 employs fixed starting addresses for DIMMs, each
DIMM pair starts at a 512 Mbyte boundary. This means
that if DIMMs smaller than 256 Mbyte are used the
system's physical memory map will contain ``holes''.
Supported DIMM sizes are 64 Mbytes and 256 Mbytes. The
DIMMs are 72 bit SDRAM based, as the system employs
ECC.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> FreeBSD currently supports up to
2GBytes</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>AS1200 has an embedded Symbios 810 drive Fast SCSI
bus.</p>
<p>Tincup has 5 64-bit PCI slots, one 1 32-bit PCI slot
and one EISA slot (which is physically shared with one
of the 64-bit PCI slots). There are 2 separate PCI
buses, PCI0 and PCI1. PCI0 has the 32-bit PCI slot and
the 2 top-most 64-bit PCI slots. PCI0 also has an Intel
82375EB PCI/EISA bridge that drives things like the
serial and parallel ports, keyboard/mouse etc. PCI1 has
4 64-bit PCI slots and an Symbios 810 SCSI chip. VGA
console cards must be installed in a slot connected to
PCI0.</p>
<p>The system employs an I2C based power controller
system. If you want to be sure all power is removed
from the system remove the mains cables from the
system. Tincup uses dual power supplies in load-sharing
mode and not as a redundancy pair.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_KN300
cpu EV5
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1302" name="AEN1302">2.3.16
AlphaServer 8200 and 8400 (``TurboLaser'')</a></h3>
<p>The AlphaServer 8200 and 8400 machines are
enterprise servers. Expect a tall 19" cabinet
(8200) or fat (8400) 19" rack. This is big iron,
not a hobbyist system. TurboLasers are multi-CPU
machines, up to 12 CPUs can be in a single machine. The
TurboLaser System Bus (TLSB) allows 9 nodes on the
AS8400 and 5 nodes on the AS8200. TLSB is 256 bit data,
40 bit address allowing 2.1 GBytes/sec. Nodes on the
TLSB can be CPUs, memory or I/O. A maximum of 3 I/O
ports are supported on a TLSB.</p>
<p>Basic disk storage is housed in a StorageWorks
shelf. AS8400 uses 3 phase power, AS8200 uses single
phase power.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21164 EV5/EV56 CPUs at up to 467 MHz or 21264
EV67 CPUs at up to 625 MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>one or two CPUs per CPU module</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>cache: 4Mbytes B-cache per CPU</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 256 bit with ECC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory: big memory modules that plug into the
TLSB, which in turn hold special SIMM modules.
Memory modules come in varying sizes, up to 4
GBytes a piece. Uses ECC (8 bits per 64 bits of
data) 7 memory modules max for AS8400, 3 modules
max for AS8200. Maximum memory is 28 GBytes.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion: 3 system ``I/O ports'' that allow up
to 12 I/O channels each I/O channel can connect to
XMI, Futurebus+ or PCI boxes</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>FreeBSD supports (and has been tested with) up to 2
GBytes of memory on TurboLaser. There is a trade-off to
be made between TLSB slots occupied by memory modules
and TLSB slots occupied by CPU modules. For example you
can have 28GBytes of memory but only 2 CPUs (1 module)
at the same time.</p>
<p>Only PCI expansion is supported on FreeBSD. XMI or
Futurebus+ (which are AS8400 only) are both
unsupported.</p>
<p>The I/O port modules are designated KFTIA or KFTHA.
The I/O port modules supply so called ``hoses'' that
connect to up to 4 (KFTHA) PCI buses or 1 PCI bus
(KFTIA). KFTIA has embedded dual 10baseT Ethernet,
single FDDI, 3 SCSI Fast Wide Differential SCSI buses
and a single Fast Wide Single Ended SCSI bus. The FWSE
SCSI is intended for the CDROM.</p>
<p>KFTHA can drive via each of its 4 hoses a DWLPA or
DWLPB box. The DWLPx house a 12 slots 32 bit PCI
backplane. Physically the 12 slots are 3 4-slot buses
but to the software it appears as a single 12 slots PCI
bus. A fully expanded AS8x00 can have 3 (I/O ports)
times 4 (hoses) times 12 (PCI slots/DWLPx) = 144 PCI
slots. The maximum bandwidth per KFTHA is 500
Mbytes/second. DWLPA can also house 8 EISA cards, 2
slots are PCI-only, 2 slots are EISA only. Of the 12
slots 2 are always occupied by an I/O and connector
module. DWLPB are the prefered I/O boxes.</p>
<p>For best performance distribute high bandwidth
(FibreChannel, Gigabit Ethernet) over multiple hoses
and/or multiple KFTHA/KFTIA.</p>
<p>Currently PCI expansion cards containing PCI bridges
are not usable with FreeBSD. Don't use them at this
time.</p>
<p>The single ended narrow SCSI bus on the KFTIA will
turn up as the <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">fourth</i></span> SCSI bus. The 3
fast-wide differential SCSI buses of the KFTIA precede
it.</p>
<p>AS8x00 are generally run with serial consoles. Some
newer machines might have a graphical console of some
sorts but FreeBSD has only been tested on a serial
console.</p>
<p>For serial console usage either change <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/ttys</tt> to have:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
console "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown on secure
</pre>
<p>as the console entry, or add</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
zs0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown on secure
</pre>
<p>For the AlphaServer 8x00 machines the kernel config
file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_KN8AE # Alpha 8200/8400 (Turbolaser)
cpu EV5
</pre>
<p>Contrary to expectation there is no <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for inclusion in
the kernel config file. The <tt class="LITERAL">cpu
EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1345" name="AEN1345">2.3.17
Alpha Processor Inc. UP1000</a></h3>
<p>The UP1000 is an ATX mainboard based on the 21264a
CPU which itself lives in a Slot B module. It is
normally housed in an ATX tower enclosure.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264a Alpha CPU at 600 or 700 MHz in a Slot B
module (includes cooling fans)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 128 bits to the L2 cache, 64 bits
from Slot B to the AMD-751</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 2MB (600Mhz) or 4MB
(700Mhz)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AMD AMD-751 (``Irongate'') system controller
chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Acer Labs M1543C PCI-ISA bridge controller /
super-IO chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory: 168-pin PC100 unbuffered SDRAM DIMMS, 3
DIMM slots DIMM sizes supported are 64, 128 or 256
Mb in size</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>floppy interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 embedded Ultra DMA33 IDE interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 USB ports</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>4 32 bit PCI slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 ISA slots</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 AGP slot</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Slot B is a box-like enclosure that houses a
daughter-board for the CPU and cache. It has 2 small
fans for cooling. Loud fans..</p>
<p>The machine needs ECC capable DIMMs, so 72 bit ones.
This does not appear to be documented in the UP1000
docs. The system accesses the serial EEPROM on the
DIMMs via the SM bus. Note that if only a single DIMM
is used it must be installed in slot <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">2</i></span>. This
is a bit counter-intuitive.</p>
<p>The UP1000 needs a 400Watt ATX power supply
according to the manufacturer. This might be a bit
overly conservative/pessimistic judging from the power
consumption of the board & cpu. But as always you
will have to take your expansion cards and peripherals
into account. The M1543C chip contains power management
functionality & temperature monitoring (via I2C /
SM bus).</p>
<p>Chances are that your UP1000 comes by default with
AlphaBios only. The SRM console firmware is available
from the Alpha Processor Inc. web site. It is currently
available in a beta version which was successfully used
during the port of FreeBSD to the UP1000.</p>
<p>The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by
the SRM console.</p>
<p>UP1000 SRM can boot off an Adaptec 294x adapter.
Under high I/O load conditions machine lockups have
been observed using the Adaptec 294x. A Symbios 875
based card works just fine, using the sym driver. Most
likely other cards based on the Symbios chips that the
sym driver supports will work as well.</p>
<p>The USB interfaces are disabled by the SRM console
and have not (yet) been tested with FreeBSD.</p>
<p>For the UP1000 the kernel config file must
contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options API_UP1000 # UP1000, UP1100 (Nautilus)
cpu EV5
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1394" name="AEN1394">2.3.18
Alpha Processor Inc. UP1100</a></h3>
<p>The UP1100 is an ATX mainboard based on the 21264a
CPU running at 600 MHz. It is normally housed in an ATX
tower enclosure.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264a Alpha EV6 CPU at 600 or 700 MHz</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 100MHz 64-bit (PC-100 SDRAM), 800
MB/s memory bandwidth</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 2Mb</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AMD AMD-751 (``Irongate'') system controller
chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Acer Labs M1535D PCI-ISA bridge controller /
super-IO chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory: 168-pin PC100 unbuffered SDRAM DIMMS, 3
DIMM slots DIMM sizes supported are 64, 128 or 256
Mb in size</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>floppy interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 embedded Ultra DMA66 IDE interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 USB port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion: 3 32 bit PCI slots and 1 AGP2x
slot</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>SRM console code comes standard with the UP1100. The
SRM lives in 2Mbytes of flash ROM.</p>
<p>The machine needs ECC capable DIMMs, so 72 bit ones.
This does not appear to be documented in the UP1100
docs. The system accesses the serial EEPROM on the
DIMMs via the SM bus. Note that if only a single DIMM
is used it must be installed in slot <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">2</i></span>. This
is a bit counter-intuitive.</p>
<p>The UP1100 needs a 400Watt ATX power supply
according to the manufacturer. This might be a bit
overly conservative/pessimistic judging from the power
consumption of the board & cpu. But as always you
will have to take your expansion cards and peripherals
into account. The M1535D chip contains power management
functionality & temperature monitoring (via I2C /
SM bus using a LM75 thermal sensor).</p>
<p>The UP1100 has an on-board 21143 10/100Mbit Ethernet
interface.</p>
<p>The UP1100 is equipped with a SoundBlaster
compatible audio interface. Whether it works with
FreeBSD is as of yet unknown.</p>
<p>The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by
the SRM console.</p>
<p>The UP1100 has 3 USB ports, 2 going external and one
connected to the AGP port.</p>
<p>For the UP1100 the kernel config file must
contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options API_UP1000 # UP1000, UP1100 (Nautilus)
cpu EV5
</pre>
<p>Contrary to expectation there is no <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for inclusion in
the kernel config file. The <tt class="LITERAL">cpu
EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1442" name="AEN1442">2.3.19
Alpha Processor Inc. CS20, Compaq DS20L</a></h3>
<p>The CS20 is a 19", 1U high rackmount server
based on the 21264[ab] CPU. It can have a maximum of 2
CPUs. Compaq sells the CS20 rebranded as the
AlphaServer DS20L. DS20L has 833MHz CPUs.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264a Alpha CPU at 667 MHz or 21264b 833 MHz
(max. 2 CPUs)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 100MHz 256-bit wide</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21271 Core Logic chipset (``Tsunami'')</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Acer Labs M1533 PCI-ISA bridge controller /
super-IO chip</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory: 168-pin PC100 PLL buffered/registered
SDRAM DIMMS, 8 DIMM slots, uses ECC memory, min 256
Mbytes / max 2 GBytes of memory</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ALI M1543C Ultra DMA66 IDE interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded dual Intel 82559 10/100Mbit
Ethernet</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>embedded Symbios 53C1000 Ultra160 SCSI
controller</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion: 2 64 bit PCI slots (2/3 length)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>SRM console code comes standard with the CS20. The
SRM lives in 2Mbytes of flash ROM.</p>
<p>The CS20 needs ECC capable DIMMs. Note that it uses
<span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">buffered</i></span> DIMMs.</p>
<p>The CS20 has an I2C based internal monitoring system
for things like temperature, fans, voltages etc. The
I2C also supports ``wake on LAN''.</p>
<p>Each PCI slot is connected to its own independent
PCI bus on the Tsunami.</p>
<p>The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by
the SRM console.</p>
<p>The CS20 has an embedded slim-line IDE CD drive.
There is a front-accessible bay for a 1" high
3.5" SCSI hard-disk drive with SCA connector.</p>
<p>Note that there is no floppy disk drive (or a
connector to add one).</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_ST6600
cpu EV5
</pre>
<p>Contrary to expectation there is no <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for inclusion in
the kernel config file. The <tt class="LITERAL">cpu
EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN1489" name="AEN1489">2.3.20
Compaq AlphaServer ES40 (``Clipper'')</a></h3>
<p>The ES40 is a SMP system that can have 1 - 4 21264
Alpha CPUs. With the maximum configuration of 32GB of
memory these systems are often deployed as heavy
database servers and are also found in HPTC compute
farm environments.</p>
<p>Features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>21264 Alpha CPU at 500 (EV6), 667 (EV67) or 833
MHz (EV68) (max. 4 CPUs)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory bus: 256-bit wide</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>21272 Core Logic chipset</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>memory: 200-pin JEDEC standard SDRAM DIMMS, max
32 GBytes of memory</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>2 16550A serial port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ALI M1543C Ultra DMA66 IDE interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>expansion: 2 64 bit PCI buses</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>SRM console code comes standard with the ES40.</p>
<p>ES40 comes with an ATA CDROM drive, but uses SCSI
harddisks.</p>
<p>Memory is divided in 4 memory arrays which each
contain a set of 4 SDRAM DIMMs. Each DIMM is 72 bit
wide and of the 100MHz speed variant. An array can
contain 2 sets, so 8 DIMMs max per array. The DIMMs
live on Memory Mother Boards (MMBs). There are 2 MMB
models, with 4 and 8 DIMM sockets respectively. Each
MMB provides half of the 256 bit memory bus width to
the CPUs. Given the myriad options for the memory
configuration it is advisable to check the system
documentation for the optimum memory configuration.</p>
<p>Dependent on the model variation the ES40 has 6 or
10 64 bit PCI slots. This is basically just means the
same backplane with less connectors mounted.</p>
<p>ES40 has the same RMC remote power control as DS10
and DS20. See the description of the RMC in the DS10
section of this document. Most variations of ES40 have
multiple power supplies, allowing for N+1 redundancy.
When installing CPU cards you must unplug all power
cords, the CPU cards receive standby power from the
power supplies. Maximum memory configurations need more
than the default number of powersupplies.</p>
<p>The kernel config file must contain:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
options DEC_ST6600
cpu EV5
</pre>
<p>Contrary to expectation there is no <tt
class="LITERAL">cpu EV6</tt> defined for inclusion in
the kernel config file. The <tt class="LITERAL">cpu
EV5</tt> is mandatory to keep <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
happy.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN1526" name="AEN1526">2.4
Supported Hardware Overview</a></h2>
<p>A word of caution: the installed base for FreeBSD is
not nearly as large as for FreeBSD/Intel. This means that
the enormous variation of PCI/ISA expansion cards out
there has much less chance of having been tested on alpha
than on Intel. This is not to imply they are doomed to
fail, just that the chance of running into something
never tested before is much higher. <tt
class="FILENAME">GENERIC</tt> contains things that are
known to work on Alpha only.</p>
<p>The PCI and ISA expansion busses are fully supported.
Turbo Channel is not in <tt class="FILENAME">GENERIC</tt>
and has limited support (see the relevant machine model
info). The MCA bus is not supported. The EISA bus is not
supported for use with EISA expansion cards as the EISA
support code is lacking. ISA cards in EISA slots are
reported to work. The Compaq Qvision EISA VGA card is
driven in ISA mode and works OK as a console.</p>
<p>1.44 Mbyte and 1.2 Mbyte floppy drives are supported.
2.88 Mbyte drives sometimes found in Alpha machines are
supported up to 1.44Mbyte.</p>
<p>ATA and ATAPI (IDE) devices are supported via the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ata&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ata</span>(4)</span></a> driver
framework. As most people run their Alphas with SCSI
disks it is not as well tested as SCSI. Be aware of
boot-ability restrictions for IDE disks. See the machine
specific information.</p>
<p>There is full SCSI support via the CAM layer for
Adaptec 2940x (AIC7xxx chip-based), Qlogic family and
Symbios. Be aware of the machine-specific boot-ability
issues for the various adapter types.</p>
<p>The Qlogic QL2x00 FibreChannel host adapters are fully
supported.</p>
<p>If you want to boot your Alpha over the Ethernet you
will obviously need an Ethernet card that the SRM console
recognizes. This generally means you need a board with an
21x4x Ethernet chip as that is what Digital used. These
chips are driven by the FreeBSD <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=de&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">de</span>(4)</span></a> (older
driver) or <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> (newer
driver). Some new SRM versions are known to recognize the
Intel 8255x Ethernet chips as driven by the FreeBSD <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a> driver.
But beware: the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a> driver is
reported not to work correctly with FreeBSD (although it
works excellently on FreeBSD/x86).</p>
<p>DEC DEFPA PCI FDDI network adapters are supported on
alpha.</p>
<p>In general the SRM console emulates a
VGA-compatibility mode on PCI VGA cards. This is,
however, not guaranteed to work by Compaq/DEC for each
and every card type out there. When the SRM thinks the
VGA is acceptable FreeBSD will be able to use it. The
console driver works just like on a FreeBSD/intel
machine. Please note that VESA modes are not supported on
Alpha, so that leaves you with 80x25 consoles.</p>
<p>In some Alpha machines you will find video adapters
based on TGA chips. The plain TGA adapter does not
emulate VGA and is therefore not usable for a FreeBSD
console. TGA2 cards have a basic VGA compatibility mode
and work fine as FreeBSD consoles.</p>
<p>The ``PC standard'' serial ports found on most Alphas
are supported. For TurboChannel machines the serial ports
are also supported.</p>
<p>ISDN (i4b) is not supported on FreeBSD/alpha.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN1558" name="AEN1558">2.5
Acknowledgments</a></h2>
<p>In compiling this file I used multiple information
sources, but <a href="http://www.netbsd.org/"
target="_top">the NetBSD Web site</a> proved to be an
invaluable source of information. If it wasn't for
NetBSD/alpha there probably would not be a FreeBSD/alpha
in the first place.</p>
<p>People who kindly helped me create this section:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Andrew Gallatin <tt class="EMAIL"><<a
href="mailto:gallatin@FreeBSD.org">gallatin@FreeBSD.org</a>></tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Chuck Robey <tt class="EMAIL"><<a
href="mailto:chuckr@FreeBSD.org">chuckr@FreeBSD.org</a>></tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Matthew Jacob <tt class="EMAIL"><<a
href="mailto:mjacob@FreeBSD.org">mjacob@FreeBSD.org</a>></tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Michael Smith <tt class="EMAIL"><<a
href="mailto:msmith@FreeBSD.org">msmith@FreeBSD.org</a>></tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>David O'Brien <tt class="EMAIL"><<a
href="mailto:obrien@FreeBSD.org">obrien@FreeBSD.org</a>></tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Christian Weisgerber</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Kazutaka YOKOTA</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Nick Maniscalco</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Eric Schnoebelen</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Peter van Dijk</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Peter Jeremy</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dolf de Waal</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Wim Lemmers, ex-Compaq</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Wouter Brackman, Compaq</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Lodewijk van den Berg, Compaq</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="AEN1599" name="AEN1599">3
Supported Devices</a></h1>
$FreeBSD:
src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/hardware/common/dev.sgml,v
1.13.2.79 2003/03/09 04:28:04 bmah Exp $
<p>This section describes the devices currently known to be
supported by with FreeBSD on the Alpha/AXP platform. Other
configurations may also work, but simply have not been
tested yet. Feedback, updates, and corrections to this list
are encouraged.</p>
<p>Where possible, the drivers applicable to each device or
class of devices is listed. If the driver in question has a
manual page in the FreeBSD base distribution (most should),
it is referenced here.</p>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN1605" name="AEN1605">3.1 Disk
Controllers</a></h2>
<p>IDE/ATA controllers (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ata&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ata</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Acerlabs Aladdin</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AMD 756 ATA66, 766 ATA100, 768 ATA100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cenatek Rocket Drive</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>CMD 646, 648 ATA66, and 649 ATA100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cypress 82C693</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cyrix 5530 ATA33</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>HighPoint HPT366 ATA66, HPT370 ATA100, HPT372
ATA133, HPT374 ATA133</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel ICH ATA66, ICH2 ATA100, ICH3 ATA100, ICH4
ATA100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>nVidia nForce ATA100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Promise ATA100 OEM chip (pdc20265)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Promise ATA133 OEM chip (pdc20269)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Promise Fasttrak-33, -66, -100, -100 TX2/TX4, -133
TX2/TX2000</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Promise Ultra-33, -66, -100, -133 TX2/TX2000</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ServerWorks ROSB4 ATA33</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ServerWorks CSB5 ATA66/ATA100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Sil 0680 UDMA6</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SiS 530, 540, 620</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SiS 630, 633, 635, 645, 730, 733, 735, 740, 745,
750</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SiS 5591 ATA100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>VIA 82C586 ATA33, 82C596 ATA66, 82C686a ATA66,
82C686b ATA100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>VIA 8233, 8235 ATA133</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Adaptec SCSI Controllers</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Adaptec
19160/291x/2920/2930/2940/2950/29160/3940/3950/3960/39160/398x/494x
series PCI SCSI controllers, including
Narrow/Wide/Twin/Ultra/Ultra2 variants (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ahc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ahc</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Adaptec AIC7770, AIC7850, AIC7860, AIC7870,
AIC7880, and AIC789x on-board SCSI controllers (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ahc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ahc</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>AMI MegaRAID Express and Enterprise family RAID
controllers (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=amr&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">amr</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Series 418</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Enterprise 1200 (Series 428)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Enterprise 1300 (Series 434)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Enterprise 1400 (Series 438)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Enterprise 1500 (Series 467)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Enterprise 1600 (Series 471)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Elite 1500 (Series 467)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Elite 1600 (Series 493)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Express 100 (Series 466WS)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Express 200 (Series 466)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Express 300 (Series 490)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MegaRAID Express 500 (Series 475)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell PERC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell PERC 2/SC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell PERC 2/DC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell PERC 3/DCL</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>HP NetRaid-1si</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>HP NetRaid-3si</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>HP Embedded NetRaid</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p>Booting from these controllers is not supported
due to SRM limitations.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p>Mylex DAC960 and DAC1100 RAID controllers with 2.x,
3.x, 4.x and 5.x firmware (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mlx&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">mlx</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>DAC960P</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DAC960PD</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DAC960PDU</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DAC960PL</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DAC960PJ</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DAC960PG</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AcceleRAID 150</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AcceleRAID 250</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>eXtremeRAID 1100</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p>Booting from these controllers is not supported
due to SRM limitations. This list includes
controllers sold by Digital/Compaq in Alpha systems
in the StorageWorks family, e.g. KZPSC or KZPAC.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p>LSI/SymBios (formerly NCR) 53C810, 53C810a, 53C815,
53C825, 53C825a, 53C860, 53C875, 53C875a, 53C876, 53C885,
53C895, 53C895a, 53C896, 53C1010-33, 53C1010-66, 53C1000,
53C1000R PCI SCSI controllers, either embedded on
motherboard or on add-on boards (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ncr&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ncr</span>(4)</span></a> and <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sym&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sym</span>(4)</span></a>
drivers)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>ASUS SC-200, SC-896</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Data Technology DTC3130 (all variants)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DawiControl DC2976UW</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Diamond FirePort (all)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NCR cards (all)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Symbios cards (all)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Tekram DC390W, 390U, 390F, 390U2B, 390U2W, 390U3D,
and 390U3W</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Tyan S1365</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Qlogic controllers and variants (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=isp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">isp</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Qlogic 1020, 1040 SCSI and Ultra SCSI host
adapters</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Qlogic 1240 dual Ultra SCSI controllers</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Qlogic 1080 Ultra2 LVD and 1280 Dual Ultra2 LVD
controllers</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Qlogic 12160 Ultra3 LVD controllers</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Qlogic 2100 and Qlogic 2200 Fibre Channel SCSI
controllers</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Qlogic 2300 and Qlogic 2312 2-Gigabit Fibre
Channel SCSI controllers</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Performance Technology SBS440 ISP1000 variants</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Performance Technology SBS450 ISP1040 variants</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Performance Technology SBS470 ISP2100 variants</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Antares Microsystems P-0033 ISP2100 variants</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>LSI Logic Fusion/MP architecture Fiber Channel
controllers (mpt driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>LSI FC909, FC929</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>LSI 53c1020, 53c1030</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>With all supported SCSI controllers, full support is
provided for SCSI-I, SCSI-II, and SCSI-III peripherals,
including hard disks, optical disks, tape drives
(including DAT, 8mm Exabyte, Mammoth, and DLT), medium
changers, processor target devices and CD-ROM drives.
WORM devices that support CD-ROM commands are supported
for read-only access by the CD-ROM drivers (such as <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cd&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">cd</span>(4)</span></a>).
WORM/CD-R/CD-RW writing support is provided by <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cdrecord&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+Ports">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">cdrecord</span>(1)</span></a>,
which is a part of the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/sysutils/cdrtools/pkg-descr">
<tt class="FILENAME">sysutils/cdrtools</tt></a> port in
the Ports Collection.</p>
<p>The following CD-ROM type systems are supported at
this time:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>SCSI interface (also includes ProAudio Spectrum
and SoundBlaster SCSI) (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cd&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">cd</span>(4)</span></a>)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ATAPI IDE interface (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acd&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">acd</span>(4)</span></a>)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="ETHERNET" name="ETHERNET">3.2
Ethernet Interfaces</a></h2>
<p>Adaptec Duralink PCI Fast Ethernet adapters based on
the Adaptec AIC-6915 Fast Ethernet controller chip (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sf&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sf</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>ANA-62011 64-bit single port 10/100baseTX
adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ANA-62022 64-bit dual port 10/100baseTX
adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ANA-62044 64-bit quad port 10/100baseTX
adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ANA-69011 32-bit single port 10/100baseTX
adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ANA-62020 64-bit single port 100baseFX adapter</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>AMD PCnet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lnc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">lnc</span>(4)</span></a> and <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pcn&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">pcn</span>(4)</span></a>
drivers)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>AMD PCnet/PCI (79c970 & 53c974 or 79c974)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AMD PCnet/FAST</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Isolan AT 4141-0 (16 bit)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Isolink 4110 (8 bit)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PCnet/FAST+</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PCnet/FAST III</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PCnet/PRO</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PCnet/Home</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>HomePNA</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>National Semiconductor DS8390-based Ethernet NICs,
including Novell NE2000 and clones (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ed&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ed</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>3C503 Etherlink II (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ed&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ed</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NetVin 5000</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Novell NE1000, NE2000, and NE2100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>RealTek 8029</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SMC Elite 16 WD8013 Ethernet interface</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SMC Elite Ultra</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SMC WD8003E, WD8003EBT, WD8003W, WD8013W, WD8003S,
WD8003SBT and WD8013EBT and clones</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Surecom NE-34</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>VIA VT86C926</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Winbond W89C940</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>RealTek 8129/8139 Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">rl</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Accton ``Cheetah'' EN1207D (MPX 5030/5038; RealTek
8139 clone)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Allied Telesyn AT2550</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Allied Telesyn AT2500TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>D-Link DFE-530TX+, DFE-538TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Farallon NetLINE 10/100 PCI</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Genius GF100TXR (RTL8139)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NDC Communications NE100TX-E</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Netronix Inc. EA-1210 NetEther 10/100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>OvisLink LEF-8129TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>OvisLink LEF-8139TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SMC EZ Card 10/100 PCI 1211-TX</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Lite-On 82c168/82c169 PNIC Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Kingston KNE110TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Matrox FastNIC 10/100</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NetGear FA310-TX Rev. D1</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Macronix 98713, 98713A, 98715, 98715A and 98725 Fast
Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Accton EN1217 (98715A)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Adico AE310TX (98715A)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Compex RL100-TX (98713 or 98713A)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>CNet Pro120A (98713 or 98713A)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>CNet Pro120B (98715)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NDC Communications SFA100A (98713A)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SVEC PN102TX (98713)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Macronix/Lite-On PNIC II LC82C115 Fast Ethernet NICs
(<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX Version 2</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Winbond W89C840F Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wb&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">wb</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Trendware TE100-PCIE</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>VIA Technologies VT3043 ``Rhine I'', VT86C100A ``Rhine
II'', and VT86C105/VT86C105M ``Rhine III'' Fast Ethernet
NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vr&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">vr</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>AOpen/Acer ALN-320</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>D-Link DFE-530TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Hawking Technologies PN102TX</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900 and SiS 7016 PCI
Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sis&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sis</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>SiS 630, 635 and 735 motherboard chipsets</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>National Semiconductor DP83815 Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sis&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sis</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>NetGear FA311-TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NetGear FA312-TX</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Sundance Technologies ST201 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ste&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ste</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>D-Link DFE-550TX</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>SysKonnect SK-984x PCI Gigabit Ethernet cards (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sk&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sk</span>(4)</span></a>
drivers)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>SK-9821 1000baseT copper, single port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SK-9822 1000baseT copper, dual port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SK-9841 1000baseLX single mode fiber, single
port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SK-9842 1000baseLX single mode fiber, dual
port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SK-9843 1000baseSX multimode fiber, single
port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SK-9844 1000baseSX multimode fiber, dual port</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Texas Instruments ThunderLAN PCI NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">tl</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Compaq Netelligent 10, 10/100, 10/100
Dual-Port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Compaq Netelligent 10/100 TX Embedded UTP, 10 T
PCI UTP/Coax, 10/100 TX UTP</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Compaq NetFlex 3P, 3P Integrated, 3P w/BNC</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Olicom OC-2135/2138, OC-2325, OC-2326 10/100 TX
UTP</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Racore 8165 10/100baseTX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Racore 8148 10baseT/100baseTX/100baseFX
multi-personality</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>ADMtek Inc. AL981-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<p>ADMtek Inc. AN985-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX v4.0/4.1</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>ASIX Electronics AX88140A PCI NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Alfa Inc. GFC2204</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>CNet Pro110B</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>DEC DC21040, DC21041, DC21140, DC21141, DC21142, and
DC21143 based NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=de&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">de</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Asante</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cogent EM100FX and EM440TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DEC DE425, DE435, DE450, and DE500</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SMC Etherpower 8432T, 9332, and 9334</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ZYNX ZX 3xx</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>DEC/Intel 21143 based Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>DEC DE500</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Compaq Presario 7900 series built-in Ethernet</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>D-Link DFE-570TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Kingston KNE100TX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>LinkSys EtherFast 10/100 Instant GigaDrive
built-in Ethernet</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Davicom DM9009, DM9100 and DM9102 PCI Fast Ethernet
NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Jaton Corporation XpressNet</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Intel 82557- or 82559-based Fast Ethernet NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B PCI Fast Ethernet</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel InBusiness 10/100 PCI Network Adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel PRO/100+ Management Adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel Pro/100 VE Desktop Adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel Pro/100 M Desktop Adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel Pro/100 S Desktop, Server and Dual-Port
Server Adapters</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>On-board Ethernet NICs on many Intel
motherboards.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>3Com Etherlink XL-based NICs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">xl</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>3C900/905/905B/905C PCI</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3C556/556B MiniPCI</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3C450-TX HomeConnect adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3c980/3c980B Fast Etherlink XL server adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3cSOHO100-TX OfficeConnect adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell Optiplex GX1 on-board 3C918</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell On-board 3C920</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell Precision on-board 3C905B</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Dell Latitude laptop docking station embedded
3C905-TX</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Ethernet and Fast Ethernet NICs based on the 3Com 3XP
Typhoon/Sidewinder (3CR990) chipset (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=txp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">txp</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>3Com 3CR990-TX-95</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3Com 3CR990-TX-97</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3Com 3CR990B-SRV</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3Com 3CR990B-TXM</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3Com 3CR990SVR95</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>3Com 3CR990SVR97</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the Intel 82542 and
82543 controller chips (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wx&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">wx</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gx&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">gx</span>(4)</span></a> and <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a> drivers),
plus NICs supported by the Intel 82540EM, 82544, 82545EM,
and 82546EB controller chips (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a> driver
only)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> The <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wx&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">wx</span>(4)</span></a> driver
is deprecated.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> The <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a> driver
is officially supported by Intel, but is only
supported on the i386.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN2903" name="AEN2903">3.3 FDDI
Interfaces</a></h2>
<p>DEC DEFPA PCI (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fpa&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">fpa</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN2913" name="AEN2913">3.4 ATM
Interfaces</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN2955" name="AEN2955">3.5
Wireless Network Interfaces</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3083" name="AEN3083">3.6
Miscellaneous Networks</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3093" name="AEN3093">3.7 ISDN
Interfaces</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3157" name="AEN3157">3.8
Multi-port Serial Interfaces</a></h2>
<p>AST 4 port serial card using shared IRQ</p>
<p>Comtrol Rocketport card (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">rp</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3257" name="AEN3257">3.9
Audio Devices</a></h2>
<p>ESS</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>ES1868, ES1869, ES1879 and ES1888 (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sbc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sbc</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Maestro-1, Maestro-2, and Maestro-2E</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Maestro-3/Allegro</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> The Maestro-3/Allegro cannot be
compiled into the FreeBSD kernel due to licensing
restrictions. To use this driver, add the
following line to <tt
class="FILENAME">/boot/loader.conf</tt>:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<tt class="USERINPUT"><b>snd_maestro3_load="YES"</b></tt>
</pre>
</blockquote>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>MSS/WSS Compatible DSPs (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pcm&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">pcm</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<p>Creative Technologies SoundBlaster series (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sbc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sbc</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>SoundBlaster</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SoundBlaster Pro</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SoundBlaster AWE-32</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SoundBlaster AWE-64</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SoundBlaster AWE-64 GOLD</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SoundBlaster ViBRA-16</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3360" name="AEN3360">3.10
Camera and Video Capture Devices</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="USB" name="USB">3.11 USB
Devices</a></h2>
<p>A range of USB peripherals are supported; devices
known to work are listed in this section. Owing to the
generic nature of most USB devices, with some exceptions
any device of a given class will be supported, even if
not explicitly listed here.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> USB Ethernet adapters can be found in
the section listing <a href="#ETHERNET">Ethernet
interfaces</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>Host Controllers (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ohci&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ohci</span>(4)</span></a> and <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uhci&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">uhci</span>(4)</span></a>
drivers)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>ALi Aladdin-V</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>AMD-756</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>CMD Tech 670 & 673</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82371SB (PIIX3)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82371AB and EB (PIIX4)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82801AA (ICH)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82801AB (ICH0)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Intel 82443MX</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NEC uPD 9210</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>OPTi 82C861 (FireLink)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>SiS 5571</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>VIA 83C572 USB</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>UHCI or OHCI compliant motherboard chipsets (no
exceptions known)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Hubs</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Andromeda hub</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MacAlly self powered hub (4 ports)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NEC hub</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Keyboards (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ukbd&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ukbd</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Apple iMac keyboard</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>BTC BTC7935 keyboard with PS/2 mouse port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cherry G81-3504 keyboard</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Logitech M2452 keyboard</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MacAlly iKey keyboard</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Microsoft keyboard</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Sun Microsystems Type 6 USB keyboard</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Mice (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ums&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ums</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Agiler Mouse 29UO</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Apple iMac Mouse</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Belkin Mouse</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Chic mouse</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Cypress mouse</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Genius Niche mouse</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Kensington Mouse-in-a-Box</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Logitech wheel mouse (3 buttons)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Logitech PS/2 / USB mouse (3 buttons)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>MacAlly mouse (3 buttons)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Microsoft IntelliMouse (3 buttons)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Sun Microsystems Type 6 USB Mouse</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Trust Ami Mouse (3 buttons)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Printers and parallel printer conversion cables (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ulpt&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ulpt</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>ATen parallel printer adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Belkin F5U002 parallel printer adapter</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Entrega USB-to-parallel printer adapter</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Storage (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=umass&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">umass</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Matshita CF-VFDU03 floppy drive</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Microtech USB-SCSI-HD 50 USB to SCSI cable</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Panasonic floppy drive</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Y-E Data floppy drive (720/1.44/2.88Mb)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="FIREWIRE" name="FIREWIRE">3.12
IEEE 1394 (Firewire) Devices</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3619" name="AEN3619">3.13
Cryptographic Accelerators</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3644" name="AEN3644">3.14
Miscellaneous</a></h2>
<p>Floppy drives (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fd&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">fd</span>(4)</span></a> driver)</p>
<p>Keyboards including:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>AT-style keyboards</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>PS/2 keyboards</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>USB keyboards (specific instances are listed in
the section describing <a href="#USB">USB
devices</a>)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>Mice including:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>PS/2 mice (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=psm&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">psm</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Serial mice</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>USB mice (specific instances are listed in the
section describing <a href="#USB">USB
devices</a>)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<p>``PC standard'' parallel ports (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ppc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">ppc</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
<p>``PC standard'' 8250, 16450, and 16550-based serial
ports (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sio&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+4.8-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">sio</span>(4)</span></a>
driver)</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
<p align="center"><small>This file, and other release-related
documents, can be downloaded from <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the
<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a>
before contacting <<a
href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small><small>All users of FreeBSD 4-STABLE
should subscribe to the <<a
href="mailto:stable@FreeBSD.org">stable@FreeBSD.org</a>>
mailing list.</small></small></p>
<p align="center">For questions about this documentation,
e-mail <<a
href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</p>
<br />
<br />
</body>
</html>
|
