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<!--
     The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project

     $FreeBSD$
     $FreeBSDru: frdp/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/serialcomms/chapter.sgml,v 1.16 2006/06/25 08:59:40 marck Exp $

     Original revision: 1.113
-->

<chapter id="serialcomms">
  <chapterinfo>
    <authorgroup>
      <author>
	<firstname>äÅÎÉÓ</firstname>
	<surname>ðÅÐÌÉÎ</surname>
	<contrib>ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÎÁ ÒÕÓÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË: </contrib>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>
  </chapterinfo>
  <title>ðÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ</title>

  <sect1 id="serial-synopsis">
    <title>ëÒÁÔËÏÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ</title>

    <indexterm><primary>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ</primary></indexterm>
    <para>÷ &unix; ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÂÙÌÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ.
      æÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ, ÓÁÍÙÅ ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ &unix; ÍÁÛÉÎÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ
      ÌÉÎÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÏÇÏ ××ÏÄÁ/×Ù×ÏÄÁ.  íÎÏÇÏÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÏÓØ Ó ÔÅÈ
      ÐÏÒ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÓÒÅÄÎÅÓÔÁÔÉÓÔÉÞÅÓËÉÊ <quote>ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ</quote> ÓÏÓÔÏÑÌ ÉÚ
      10-ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×-×-ÓÅËÕÎÄÕ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÉÎÔÅÒÁ É ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ.
      üÔÁ ÇÌÁ×Á ÒÁÓÓËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ Ï ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁÈ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ FreeBSD
      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ.</para>

    <para>ðÒÏÞÉÔÁ× ÜÔÕ ÇÌÁ×Õ, ×Ù ÕÚÎÁÅÔÅ:</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem><para>ëÁË ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÉÔØ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ Ë ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ
	  FreeBSD.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>ëÁË ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÄÌÑ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ ÎÁ
	  ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÈÏÓÔÙ.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>ëÁË ÒÁÚÒÅÛÉÔØ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ
	  ×ÈÏÄÉÔØ × ×ÁÛÕ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ.</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>ëÁË ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ Ó ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ
	  ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.</para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>ðÅÒÅÄ ÐÒÏÞÔÅÎÉÅÍ ÜÔÏÊ ÇÌÁ×Ù ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ:</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem><para>õÚÎÁÔØ ËÁË ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÔØ É ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÎÏ×ÏÅ ÑÄÒÏ (<xref
	linkend="kernelconfig">).</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>ðÏÎÑÔØ, ÞÔÏ ÔÁËÏÅ ÐÒÁ×Á ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ É ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÙ &unix; (<xref
	linkend="basics">).</para></listitem>
      <listitem><para>ëÒÏÍÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÅÈÎÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ÎÁ
	ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÅ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ (ÍÏÄÅÍ ÉÌÉ ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÕÀ ËÁÒÔÕ),
	ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ Ó FreeBSD.</para></listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="serial">
    <title>÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</title>

    <!-- XXX Write me! -->

    <sect2 id="serial-terminology">
      <title>ôÅÒÍÉÎÏÌÏÇÉÑ</title>

      <variablelist>
	<indexterm><primary>bits-per-second</primary></indexterm>
	<indexterm><primary>ÂÉÔ-×-ÓÅËÕÎÄÕ</primary></indexterm>
	<varlistentry>
	  <term>bps</term>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>âÉÔ × ÓÅËÕÎÄÕ (Bits per Second) &mdash; ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ
	      ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ</para>
	  </listitem>
	</varlistentry>

	<varlistentry>
	  <term>DTE</term>
	  <indexterm><primary>DTE</primary></indexterm>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>ôÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÅ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ (Data Terminal Equipment)
	      &mdash; ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ×ÁÛ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ</para>
	  </listitem>
	</varlistentry>

	<varlistentry>
	  <term>DCE</term>
	  <indexterm><primary>DCE</primary></indexterm>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>ïÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ Ó×ÑÚÉ (Data Communications Equipment)
	      &mdash; ×ÁÛ ÍÏÄÅÍ</para>
	  </listitem>
	</varlistentry>

	<varlistentry>
	  <term>RS-232</term>
	  <indexterm><primary>ËÁÂÅÌÉ RS-232C</primary></indexterm>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>óÔÁÎÄÁÒÔ EIA ÄÌÑ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÙÈ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ
	      ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ</para>
	  </listitem>
	</varlistentry>
      </variablelist>

      <para>ðÒÉ ÕÐÏÍÉÎÁÎÉÉ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, × ÜÔÏÊ ÇÌÁ×Å
	ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎ <quote>ÂÏÄ</quote> (<quote>baud</quote>).
	âÏÄ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï ÜÌÅËÔÒÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÉÍÐÕÌØÓÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ
	ÂÙÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÎÙ ÚÁ ÐÅÒÉÏÄ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ, Á <quote>bps</quote> ÜÔÏ
	<emphasis>ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÙÊ</emphasis> ÔÅÒÍÉÎ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
	(ÏÎ ÈÏÔÑ ÂÙ ÎÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔ ÓÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ËÁË ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÊ).</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="serial-cables-ports">
      <title>ëÁÂÅÌÉ É ÐÏÒÔÙ</title>

      <para>äÌÑ ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ ÉÌÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ Ë ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD
	ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ É ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ
	ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÖÅ ÚÎÁÅÔÅ Ï
	ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÍ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÉ É ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÙÈ ËÁÂÅÌÑÈ, ÍÏÖÅÔÅ
	ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÜÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ.</para>

      <sect3 id="term-cables">
	<title>ëÁÂÅÌÉ</title>

	<para>åÓÔØ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ×ÉÄÏ× ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ËÁÂÅÌÅÊ.  ä×Á
	  ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ × ÎÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÉ ÔÉÐÁ ÜÔÏ ÎÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ
	  É ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ (<quote>ÐÒÑÍÏÊ</quote>) RS-232 ËÁÂÅÌØ.  äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ
	  ÎÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÏÇÏ ËÁÂÅÌÑ.</para>

	<sect4 id="term-cables-null">
	  <title>îÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÅ ËÁÂÅÌÉ</title>

	  <indexterm>
	    <primary>ÎÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ</primary>
	  </indexterm>
	  <para>îÕÌØ ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ ÐÒÏÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË
	    <quote>Signal Ground</quote>, ÎÁÐÒÑÍÕÀ, Á ÄÒÕÇÉÅ
	    <quote>ÚÁ×ÏÒÁÞÉ×ÁÅÔ</quote>.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ËÏÎÔÁËÔ
	    <quote>Transmitted Data</quote> ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÍ ËÏÎÃÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ Ó ËÏÎÔÁËÔÏÍ
	    <quote>Received Data</quote> ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ.</para>

	  <para>÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ
	    ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ó ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁÍÉ.  üÔÁ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÁ
	    ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÁÚ×ÁÎÉÑ
	    <link linkend="serialcomms-signal-names">ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ× RS-232C</link>
	    É ÎÏÍÅÒÁ ËÏÎÔÁËÔÏ× ÎÁ ÒÁÚßÅÍÅ DB-25.  úÁÍÅÔÉÍ, ÞÔÏ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔ
	    ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ËÏÎÔÁËÔÏ× ÎÏÍÅÒ 1 ËÁË ÓÉÇÎÁÌ
	    <emphasis>Protective Ground</emphasis>, ÎÏ ÅÇÏ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÎÅ ÄÅÌÁÀÔ.
	    îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁÍ ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ× ÎÁ ËÏÎÔÁËÔÁÈ 2, 3 É 7;
	    ÄÒÕÇÉÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÂÏÌØÛÅÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ×, ËÁË ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÏ ÎÁ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÁÈ
	    ÎÉÖÅ:</para>

	  <table frame="none" pgwide="1">
	    <title>îÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ DB-25 - DB-25</title>
	    <tgroup cols="5">
	      <thead>
		<row>
		  <entry align="left">óÉÇÎÁÌ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">ëÏÎÔÁËÔ</entry>
		  <entry></entry>
		  <entry align="left">ëÏÎÔÁËÔ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">óÉÇÎÁÌ</entry>
		</row>
	      </thead>

	      <tbody>
		<row>
		  <entry>SG</entry>
		  <entry>7</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>7</entry>
		  <entry>SG</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>TD</entry>
		  <entry>2</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>3</entry>
		  <entry>RD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>RD</entry>
		  <entry>3</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>2</entry>
		  <entry>TD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>RTS</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>5</entry>
		  <entry>CTS</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>CTS</entry>
		  <entry>5</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>RTS</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		  <entry>20</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>6</entry>
		  <entry>DSR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		  <entry>20</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>8</entry>
		  <entry>DCD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DSR</entry>
		  <entry>6</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>20</entry>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DCD</entry>
		  <entry>8</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>20</entry>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		</row>
	      </tbody>
	    </tgroup>
	  </table>

	  <para>÷ÏÔ ÅÝÅ Ä×Å ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÎÙÅ × ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÓÈÅÍÙ.</para>

	  <table frame="none" pgwide="1">
	    <title>îÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ DB-9 - DB-9</title>

	    <tgroup cols="5">
	      <thead>
		<row>
		  <entry align="left">óÉÇÎÁÌ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">ëÏÎÔÁËÔ</entry>
		  <entry></entry>
		  <entry align="left">ëÏÎÔÁËÔ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">óÉÇÎÁÌ</entry>
		</row>
	      </thead>

	      <tbody>
		<row>
		  <entry>RD</entry>
		  <entry>2</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>3</entry>
		  <entry>TD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>TD</entry>
		  <entry>3</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>2</entry>
		  <entry>RD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>6</entry>
		  <entry>DSR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>1</entry>
		  <entry>DCD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>SG</entry>
		  <entry>5</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>5</entry>
		  <entry>SG</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DSR</entry>
		  <entry>6</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DCD</entry>
		  <entry>1</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>RTS</entry>
		  <entry>7</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>8</entry>
		  <entry>CTS</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>CTS</entry>
		  <entry>8</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>7</entry>
		  <entry>RTS</entry>
		</row>
	      </tbody>
	    </tgroup>
	  </table>

	  <table frame="none" pgwide="1">
	    <title>îÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ DB-9 - DB-25</title>

	    <tgroup cols="5">
	      <thead>
		<row>
		  <entry align="left">óÉÇÎÁÌ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">ëÏÎÔÁËÔ</entry>
		  <entry></entry>
		  <entry align="left">ëÏÎÔÁËÔ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">óÉÇÎÁÌ</entry>
		</row>
	      </thead>

	      <tbody>
		<row>
		  <entry>RD</entry>
		  <entry>2</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>2</entry>
		  <entry>TD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>TD</entry>
		  <entry>3</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>3</entry>
		  <entry>RD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>6</entry>
		  <entry>DSR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>8</entry>
		  <entry>DCD</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>SG</entry>
		  <entry>5</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>7</entry>
		  <entry>SG</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DSR</entry>
		  <entry>6</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>20</entry>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>DCD</entry>
		  <entry>1</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>20</entry>
		  <entry>DTR</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>RTS</entry>
		  <entry>7</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>5</entry>
		  <entry>CTS</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry>CTS</entry>
		  <entry>8</entry>
		  <entry>ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ Ó</entry>
		  <entry>4</entry>
		  <entry>RTS</entry>
		</row>
	      </tbody>
	    </tgroup>
	  </table>

 	  <note>
	    <para>äÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ËÏÎÔÁËÔÁ Ó ÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÙ Ó Ä×ÕÍÑ
	      ËÏÎÔÁËÔÁÍÉ ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÐÁÒÕ ËÏÎÔÁËÔÏ× ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÅ
	      ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÀÔ ËÏÒÏÔËÉÍ ÐÒÏ×ÏÄÏÍ, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ÏÄÉÎ ÉÚ ÎÉÈ &mdash;
	      ÄÌÉÎÎÙÍ Ó ÅÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÍ ËÏÎÔÁËÔÏÍ ÎÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÅ.</para>
 	  </note>

	  <para>ðÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÎÙÅ ÄÉÁÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÀÔ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÐÕÌÑÒÎÙÅ ÓÈÅÍÙ
	    ÒÁÓÐÁÊËÉ.  ÷ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÁÈ (ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÈ × ËÎÉÇÅ <emphasis>RS-232
	    Made Easy</emphasis>) SG ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ Ó SG, TD ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ Ó RD, RTS
	    É CTS ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÀÔÓÑ Ó DCD, DTR ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ Ó DSR, É ÎÁÏÂÏÒÏÔ.</para>
 	</sect4>

	<sect4 id="term-cables-std">
	  <title>óÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ ËÁÂÅÌÉ RS-232C</title>
	  <indexterm><primary>ËÁÂÅÌÉ RS-232C</primary></indexterm>

	  <para>óÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ ÐÒÏÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ RS-232C
	    ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ ÎÁÐÒÑÍÕÀ.  ôÁË, <quote>send data</quote> ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÍ ËÏÎÃÅ
	    ËÁÂÅÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ Ó ËÏÎÔÁËÔÏÍ <quote>send data</quote> ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ
	    ËÏÎÃÅ.  üÔÏÔ ÔÉÐ ËÁÂÅÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ,
	    Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ ÄÌÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.</para>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="term-ports">
	<title>ðÏÒÔÙ</title>

	<para>ðÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ ÜÔÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á, ÞÅÒÅÚ ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ
	  ÐÅÒÅÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÍÅÖÄÕ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏÍ Ó FreeBSD É ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏÍ.  üÔÏÔ
	  ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÔÉÐÙ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× É ÉÈ ÁÄÒÅÓÁÃÉÀ ×
	  FreeBSD.</para>

	<sect4 id="term-portkinds">
	  <title>ôÉÐÙ ÐÏÒÔÏ×</title>

	  <para>óÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÔÉÐÏ× ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×.  ðÅÒÅÄ
	    ÉÚÇÏÔÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ ËÁÂÅÌÑ, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÂÅÄÉÔØÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎ
	    ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ Ë ÐÏÒÔÁÍ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ É ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ FreeBSD.</para>

	  <para>âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÐÏÒÔÙ DB25.  ðÅÒÓÏÎÁÌØÎÙÅ
	    ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ PC ÐÏÄ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ FreeBSD, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÐÏÒÔÙ
	    DB25 ÉÌÉ DB9.  åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÁÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ
	    ËÁÒÔÁ ÄÌÑ PC, ÔÁÍ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ RJ-12 ÉÌÉ RJ-45 ÐÏÒÔÙ.</para>

	  <para>ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÐÒÏ×ÏÖÄÁÀÝÅÊ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ ÎÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
	    ÚÁ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ Ï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÁÈ.  íÏÖÎÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ
	    ÔÉÐ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÐÏ ÉÈ ×ÎÅÛÎÅÍÕ ×ÉÄÕ.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4 id="term-portnames">
	  <title>éÍÅÎÁ ÐÏÒÔÏ×</title>

	  <para>÷ FreeBSD ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ËÁÖÄÏÍÕ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÒÔÕ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ
	    ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÆÁÊÌ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>/dev</filename>.
	    åÓÔØ Ä×Á ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÔÉÐÁ ÆÁÊÌÏ×:</para>

	  <itemizedlist>
	    <listitem>
	      <para>ðÏÒÔÙ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ (dial-in) ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ
		<filename>/dev/ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>,
		ÇÄÅ <replaceable>N</replaceable> ÜÔÏ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÐÏÒÔÁ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÑ
		Ó ÎÕÌÑ.  ïÂÙÞÎÏ, ÐÏÒÔÙ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ
		ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.  äÌÑ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÜÔÉÍ ÐÏÒÔÁÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ,
		ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÌ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ data carrier
		detect (DCD).</para>
	    </listitem>

	    <listitem>
	      <para>ðÏÒÔÙ ÉÓÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ (call-out) ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ
		<filename>/dev/cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>.
		ïÎÉ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÎÅ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×, Á ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ
		ÍÏÄÅÍÏ×.  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÜÔÉ ÐÏÒÔÙ ÅÓÌÉ
		ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ ÉÌÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ
		DCD.</para>

	      <note><para>Call-out ÐÏÒÔÙ × &os;&nbsp;5.X É ÒÁÎÅÅ ÉÍÅÎÕÀÔÓÑ
		<filename>/dev/cuaa<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>.
	      </para></note>
	    </listitem>
	  </itemizedlist>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÏÅÄÉÎÉÌÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ Ó ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÐÏÒÔÏÍ
	    (<devicename>COM1</devicename> × &ms-dos;), ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
	    <filename>/dev/ttyd0</filename> ÄÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÕ.  åÓÌÉ
	    ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎ ÓÏ ×ÔÏÒÙÍ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÐÏÒÔÏÍ (ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÍ
	    ÔÁËÖÅ ËÁË <devicename>COM2</devicename>), ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
	    <filename>/dev/ttyd1</filename>, É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ.</para>

	</sect4>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÑÄÒÁ</title>

      <para>FreeBSD c ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÍÉ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
	ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ.  ÷ ÍÉÒÅ &ms-dos; ÏÎÉ ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙ ËÁË
	<devicename>COM1</devicename>,
	<devicename>COM2</devicename>,
	<devicename>COM3</devicename>, É
	<devicename>COM4</devicename>.  îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ × FreeBSD
	ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ËÁË <quote>ÐÒÏÓÔÙÈ</quote> ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÙÈ
	ËÁÒÔ Ó ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍÉ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÍÉ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË
	BocaBoard 1008 É 2016, ÔÁË É ÂÏÌÅÅ <quote>ÕÍÎÙÈ</quote>
	ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÙÈ ËÁÒÔ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ ËÁÒÔ Digiboard É
	Stallion Technologies.  ôÅÍ ÎÅ ÍÅÎÅÅ, ÑÄÒÏ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
	ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ COM ÐÏÒÔÙ.</para>

      <para>þÔÏÂÙ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ, ËÁË ÑÄÒÏ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ
	ÐÏÒÔÙ, ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ, ×Ù×ÏÄÉÍÙÅ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÑÄÒÁ,
	ÉÌÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ <command>/sbin/dmesg</command> ÄÌÑ
	×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÑÄÒÁ ÅÝÅ ÒÁÚ.  ÷ ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ
	ÎÁ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ Ó ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
	<literal>sio</literal>.</para>

      <tip><para>äÌÑ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÁ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÔÅÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ
	ÓÌÏ×Ï <literal>sio</literal>, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>/sbin/dmesg | grep 'sio'</userinput></screen>
      </tip>

      <para>îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ Ó ÞÅÔÙÒØÍÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍÉ ÐÏÒÔÁÍÉ,
	ÐÏÑ×ÑÔÓÑ ÔÁËÉÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×
	ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ:</para>

      <screen>sio0 at 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 on isa
sio0: type 16550A
sio1 at 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa
sio1: type 16550A
sio2 at 0x3e8-0x3ef irq 5 on isa
sio2: type 16550A
sio3 at 0x2e8-0x2ef irq 9 on isa
sio3: type 16550A</screen>

      <para>åÓÌÉ ÑÄÒÏ ÎÅ ÒÁÓÐÏÚÎÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ,
	×ÁÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ÑÄÒÏ FreeBSD, ÉÚÍÅÎÉ× ÆÁÊÌ
	<filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>.  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ
	ÚÁËÏÍÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÌÉ ×Ï×ÓÅ ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë
	ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍ Õ ×ÁÓ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÍ.</para>

	<para>ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ
	&man.sio.4; ÚÁ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ Ï ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÅ
	ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× É ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÙÈ ËÁÒÔ. âÕÄØÔÅ
	ÏÓÔÏÒÏÖÎÙ ÐÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÌÉ
	× ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ FreeBSD, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÆÌÁÇÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×
	É ÓÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÉÓØ × ÎÏ×ÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ.</para>

      <note>
	<para><literal>port IO_COM1</literal> ÜÔÏ ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍ ÄÌÑ
	  <literal>port 0x3f8</literal>, <literal>IO_COM2</literal> ÄÌÑ
	  <literal>0x2f8</literal>, <literal>IO_COM3</literal> ÄÌÑ
	  <literal>0x3e8</literal>, É <literal>IO_COM4</literal> ÄÌÑ
	  <literal>0x2e8</literal>.  üÔÏ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ
	  ÄÌÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÁÄÒÅÓÁ.
	  îÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÑ 4, 3, 5, É 9.
	  éÍÅÊÔÅ ××ÉÄÕ, ÞÔÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ <emphasis>ÎÅ
	  ÍÏÇÕÔ</emphasis> ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÁ ISA PC
	  (ÎÁ ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÙÈ ËÁÒÔÁÈ ÅÓÔØ ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÉËÁ, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÁÑ ×ÓÅÍ
	  ÞÉÐÁÍ 16550A ÎÁ ÐÌÁÔÅ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÄÎÏ ÉÌÉ Ä×Á
	  IRQ).</para>
      </note>

    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>óÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×</title>

      <para>ë ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Õ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÑÄÒÁ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÞÅÒÅÚ
	<quote>ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×</quote>, ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÎÙÅ ×
	ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>/dev</filename>.  ë ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÍ
	<devicename>sio</devicename> ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÞÅÒÅÚ
	<filename>/dev/ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
	(ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ×ÙÚÏ×Ï×, dial-in)
	É <filename>/dev/cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
	(ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÉÓÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ×ÙÚÏ×Ï×, call-out).
	FreeBSD ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ
	(<filename>/dev/ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable>.init</filename> É
	<filename>/dev/cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable>.init</filename>
	× ÓÌÕÞÁÅ &os;&nbsp;6.X,
	<filename>/dev/ttyid<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> É
	<filename>/dev/cuaia<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> ÄÌÑ
	&os;&nbsp;5.X),
	ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ
	(<filename>/dev/ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable>.lock</filename> É
	<filename>/dev/cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable>.lock</filename>
	× ÓÌÕÞÁÅ &os;&nbsp;6.X,
	<filename>/dev/ttyld<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> É
	<filename>/dev/cuala<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename> ÄÌÑ
	&os;&nbsp;5.X).
	ðÅÒ×ÙÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÐÏÒÔÁ ÐÒÉ
	ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÅÇÏ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÉ (ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË <literal>crtscts</literal>
	ÄÌÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ×, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÈ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ <literal>RTS/CTS</literal>
	ÄÌÑ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÔÏËÏÍ).  õÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ
	ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÆÌÁÇÁ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ ÎÁ ÐÏÒÔ É ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ
	ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍÉ ÉÌÉ
	ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ; ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÍ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.termios.4;,
	&man.sio.4; É &man.stty.1; ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÚÁ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ Ï
	ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁÈ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ, ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ É ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× É
	ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="serial-hw-config">
      <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×</title>

    <indexterm><primary><devicename>ttyd</devicename></primary></indexterm>
    <indexterm><primary><devicename>cuad</devicename></primary></indexterm>

    <para>õÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï <devicename>ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable></devicename>
      (ÉÌÉ
      <devicename>cuad<replaceable>N</replaceable></devicename>) ÜÔÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÏÅ
      ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÔËÒÙÔØ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ.  ëÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ
      ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÀÔÓÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ××ÏÄÁ/×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÐÏ
      ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÅÔØ ÜÔÉ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ</para>

    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>stty -a -f /dev/ttyd1</userinput></screen>

    <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á, ÏÎÉ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÄÅÊÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ ÄÏ ÅÇÏ
      ÚÁËÒÙÔÉÑ.  ðÏÓÌÅ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÏÇÏ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÑ, ÏÎÏ ×ÅÒÎÅÔÓÑ Ë ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÍ ÐÏ
      ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.  äÌÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÏÔËÒÙÔØ É
      ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ <quote>ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÑ</quote> ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.
      îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ <option>CLOCAL</option>,
      8-ÂÉÔÎÏÇÏ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ É ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ <option>XON/XOFF</option> ÄÌÑ
      <devicename>ttyd5</devicename>, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ:</para>

    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>stty -f /dev/ttyd5.init clocal cs8 ixon ixoff</userinput></screen>

    <indexterm>
      <primary>rc files</primary>
      <secondary><filename>rc.serial</filename></secondary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>éÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ
      ÆÁÊÌÏÍ <filename>/etc/rc.d/serial</filename>.  üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ
      ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÐÏ
      ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.</para>

    <para>äÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏË,
      ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊÔÅ <quote>ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ</quote> ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.
      îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ
      <devicename>ttyd5</devicename> × 57600&nbsp;bps, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ:</para>

    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>stty -f /dev/ttyd5.lock 57600</userinput></screen>

    <para>ôÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÅ, ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÀÝÅÅ <devicename>ttyd5</devicename> É
      ÐÙÔÁÀÝÅÅÓÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÏÒÔÁ, ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ
      57600&nbsp;bps.</para>

    <para>é ËÏÎÅÞÎÏ, ÓÄÅÌÁÊÔÅ ÚÁÐÉÓØ ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÙÈ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ É ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÑ
      ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÊ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÕÞÅÔÎÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ
      <username>root</username>.</para>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="term">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Sean</firstname>
	  <surname>Kelly</surname>
	  <contrib>ðÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÉÌ </contrib>
	</author>
	<!-- 28 July 1996 -->
      </authorgroup>
    </sect1info>
    <title>ôÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ</title>

    <indexterm><primary>ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ</primary></indexterm>

    <para>ôÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔ ÕÄÏÂÎÙÊ É ÄÅÛÅ×ÙÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë
      ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD, ËÏÇÄÁ ×Ù ÎÅ ÓÉÄÉÔÅ ÚÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌØÀ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ É
      ÎÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÙ Ë ÓÅÔÉ.  üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
      ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× × FreeBSD.</para>

    <sect2 id="term-uses">
      <title>ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ É ÔÉÐÙ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×</title>

      <para>÷ ÐÅÒ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ &unix; ÎÅ ÂÙÌÏ ËÏÎÓÏÌÅÊ.  ÷ÍÅÓÔÏ ÜÔÏÇÏ,
	ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ×ÈÏÄÉÌÉ É ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
	ÂÙÌÉ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÙ Ë ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÐÏÒÔÁÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏ×.  üÔÏ ÏÞÅÎØ
	ÐÏÈÏÖÅ ÎÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ É ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ
	ÄÌÑ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ ÄÏ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ É ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ-ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÏÊ
	ÒÁÂÏÔÙ.</para>

      <para>ëÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ PC ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ×ÙÓÏËÏËÁÞÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÕÀ ÇÒÁÆÉËÕ,
	ÎÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ×ÈÏÄÁ ÐÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÒÔÕ ÎÁ ÓÅÇÏÄÎÑÛÎÉÊ
	ÄÅÎØ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÁ ÐÏÞÔÉ × ËÁÖÄÏÊ &unix; ÐÏÄÏÂÎÏÊ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ
	ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ; FreeBSD ÎÅ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ. éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ, ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÊ Ë
	ÎÅÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÏÍÕ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÒÔÕ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÏÊÔÉ É ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ
	ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÕÀ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ, ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔÅ × ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
	ÉÌÉ × ÏËÎÅ <command>xterm</command> ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ X Window.</para>

      <para>äÌÑ ËÏÒÐÏÒÁÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÉÔØ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï
	ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× Ë ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD É ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÉÈ ÎÁ ÓÔÏÌÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ.
	äÌÑ ÄÏÍÁÛÎÅÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÕÓÔÁÒÅ×ÛÉÊ IBM PC ÉÌÉ &macintosh; ÍÏÖÅÔ
	ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ Ë ÂÏÌÅÅ ÍÏÝÎÏÍÕ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ
	ÐÏÄ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ FreeBSD.  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÅ×ÒÁÔÉÔØ ÏÄÎÏÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÊ
	ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ × ÍÏÝÎÕÀ ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ.</para>

      <para>÷ FreeBSD ÔÒÉ ×ÉÄÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
	<listitem>
	  <para><link linkend="term-dumb">ðÒÏÓÔÙÅ (dumb) ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ</link></para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para><link linkend="term-pcs">PC, ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÉÅ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×</link></para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para><link linkend="term-x">X ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ</link></para>
	</listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>÷ ÏÓÔÁ×ÛÅÊÓÑ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ×ÉÄ.</para>

      <sect3 id="term-dumb">
	<title>ðÒÏÓÔÙÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ</title>

	<para>ðÒÏÓÔÙÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ ÜÔÏ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÅ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ,
	  ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÅÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÔØ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ
	  ÌÉÎÉÉ.  ïÎÉ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ <quote>ÐÒÏÓÔÙÍÉ</quote>, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
	  ÉÈ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ È×ÁÔÁÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ
	  ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ, ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ É ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÔÅËÓÔÁ.  ÷Ù ÎÅ ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ
	  ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÎÁ ÎÉÈ ÎÉËÁËÉÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ.  ëÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ, Ë ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ
	  ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ, ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ×ÓÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ
	  ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÈ ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒÏ×, ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÔÏÒÏ×, ÐÏÞÔÏ×ÙÈ
	  ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÉÇÒ É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ.</para>

	<para>åÓÔØ ÓÏÔÎÉ ×ÉÄÏ× ÐÒÏÓÔÙÈ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×, ÉÚÇÏÔÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÈ
	  ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍÉ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌÑÍÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ DEC VT-100 É
	  Wyse WY-75.  ðÏÞÔÉ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó
	  FreeBSD.  îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ high-end ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ ÄÁÖÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÔØ
	  ÇÒÁÆÉËÕ, ÎÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ
	  ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÏÔ ÜÔÉÈ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ.</para>

	<para>ðÒÏÓÔÙÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ ÐÏÐÕÌÑÒÎÙ × ÒÁÂÏÞÅÊ ÓÒÅÄÅ, ÇÄÅ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	  ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÍ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑÍ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÔÅÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
	  ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ X Window.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="term-pcs">
	<title>PC, ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÉÅ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×</title>

	<para>åÓÌÉ <link linkend="term-dumb">ÐÒÏÓÔÙÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ</link> ÍÏÇÕÔ
	  ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÔØ, ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÔØ É ÐÏÌÕÞÁÔØ ÔÅËÓÔ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ
	  ÁÂÓÏÌÀÔÎÏ ÌÀÂÏÇÏ ÐÅÒÓÏÎÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ È×ÁÔÉÔ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ
	  × ÒÏÌÉ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÇÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.  ÷ÓÅ, ÞÔÏ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ, ÜÔÏ
	  ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ É ËÁËÁÑ-ÎÉÂÕÄØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ <emphasis>ÜÍÕÌÑÔÏÒÁ
	  ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ</emphasis>.</para>

	<para>üÔÏ ÐÏÐÕÌÑÒÎÁÑ ÄÏÍÁÛÎÑÑ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ËÏÇÄÁ ×ÁÛÁ
	  ×ÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÏÌÏ×ÉÎÁ ÚÁÎÑÔÁ ÒÁÂÏÔÏÊ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ FreeBSD,
	  ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ-ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÕÀ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ
	  Ó ÍÅÎÅÅ ÍÏÝÎÏÇÏ ÐÅÒÓÏÎÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ, ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÇÏ Ë
	  ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="term-x">
	<title>X ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ</title>

	<para>X ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ ÜÔÏ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÊ ÔÉÐ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.
	  ÷ÍÅÓÔÏ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ Ë ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÒÔÕ, ÏÎÉ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ
	  ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÁÀÔÓÑ Ë ÓÅÔÉ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ Ethernet. ÷ÍÅÓÔÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ó
	  ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÍÉ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑÍÉ, ÏÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÔØ ÌÀÂÏÅ X
	  ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÅ.</para>

	<para>íÙ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍ X ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÄÉ ÐÏÌÎÏÔÙ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÑ.
	  ôÅÍ ÎÅ ÍÅÎÅÅ, ÜÔÁ ÇÌÁ×Á <emphasis>ÎÅ</emphasis> ÏÈ×ÁÔÙ×ÁÅÔ
	  ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ, ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÕ ÉÌÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ X ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="term-config">
      <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ</title>

      <para>üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
	FreeBSD É ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ×ÈÏÄÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ.
	ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÕÖÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÉÌÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ É ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÌÉ ÑÄÒÏ
	ÄÌÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ, Ë ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ ÏÎ
	ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ.</para>

      <para>ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÇÌÁ×Å <xref linkend="boot"> ÚÁ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ Ï
	ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ <command>init</command>, ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÀÝÅÍ ÚÁ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÎÁÄ
	×ÓÅÍÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁÍÉ É ÚÁ ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ.
	ïÄÎÁ ÉÚ ÚÁÄÁÞ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ <command>init</command> &mdash;
	ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> É ÚÁÐÕÓË ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ
	<command>getty</command> ÎÁ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÈ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁÈ.  ðÒÏÃÅÓÓ
	<command>getty</command> ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÅÔ ÚÁ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÉÍÅÎÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ
	É ÚÁÐÕÓË ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ <command>login</command>.</para>

      <para>ôÁËÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ÄÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD
	ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÐÏÄ
	<username>root</username>:</para>

      <procedure>
	<step>
	  <para>äÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÕ Ë <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> ÄÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ
	    ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <filename>/dev</filename>, ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÝÅÇÏ
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ, ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÅÝÅ ÎÅÔ.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>îÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ÚÁÐÕÓË ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <command>/usr/libexec/getty</command>
	    ÎÁ ÜÔÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ É ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÔÉÐ
	    <replaceable>getty</replaceable> × ÆÁÊÌÅ
	    <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>õËÁÚÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÐÏÒÔ × ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ <quote>on</quote>
	    (<quote>×ËÌÀÞÅÎ</quote>)</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>õËÁÚÁÔØ, ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÌÉ ÐÏÒÔ ÂÙÔØ
	    <quote>secure</quote> (<quote>ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÙÍ</quote>)</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>úÁÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ <command>init</command> ÐÅÒÅÞÉÔÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ
	    <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>.</para>
	</step>
      </procedure>

      <para>ïÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ Ó×ÏÊ ÔÉÐ
	<replaceable>getty</replaceable> ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÛÁÇÅ 2,
	ÄÏÂÁ×É× ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ × ÆÁÊÌ <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>.
	úÁ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÅÍ ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÍ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ
	&man.gettytab.5; É &man.getty.8;.</para>

      <sect3 id="term-etcttys">
	<title>äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ × <filename>/etc/ttys</filename></title>

	<para>÷ ÆÁÊÌÅ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÓÐÉÓÏË ×ÓÅÈ
	  ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ FreeBSD, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÅÎ ×ÈÏÄ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÔÁÍ
	  ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÐÅÒ×ÁÑ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ <filename>ttyv0</filename>.
	  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÏÊÔÉ ÎÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÜÔÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ.
	  æÁÊÌ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ É ÄÌÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÈ ËÏÎÓÏÌÅÊ,
	  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×, É ÐÓÅ×ÄÏ-ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.  îÁÚ×ÁÎÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ
	  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <filename>/dev</filename>
	  ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÂÅÚ ÐÒÅÆÉËÓÁ <filename>/dev</filename> (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ,
	  ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï <filename>/dev/ttyv0</filename> ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁÐÉÓÁÎÏ
	  ËÁË <devicename>ttyv0</devicename>).</para>

	<para>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ FreeBSD ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÆÁÊÌ
	  <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> Ó ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÏÊ ÐÅÒ×ÙÈ ÞÅÔÙÒÅÈ
	  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×: ÏÔ <filename>ttyd0</filename> ÄÏ
	  <filename>ttyd3</filename>.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÁÅÔÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ
	  Ë ÏÄÎÏÍÕ ÉÚ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×, ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× ÎÅ
	  ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ.</para>

	<example id="ex-etc-ttys">
	  <title>äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÚÁÐÉÓÅÊ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× ×
	    <filename>/etc/ttys</filename></title>

	  <para>ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÏÖÉÍ, ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔØ Ä×Á ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ Ë
	    ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ: Wyse-50 É ÓÔÁÒÙÊ 286 IBM PC Ó ÜÍÕÌÑÔÏÒÏÍ
	    ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ VT-100.  íÙ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÁÅÍ Wyse Ë ×ÔÏÒÏÍÕ
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÒÔÕ É 286 Ë ÛÅÓÔÏÍÕ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ
	    ÐÏÒÔÕ (ÐÏÒÔ ÎÁ ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÏÊ ËÁÒÔÅ).  óÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ
	    ÓÔÒÏËÉ × <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> ÂÕÄÕÔ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÅÔØ
	    ÔÁË:</para>

	  <programlisting>ttyd1<co
	      id="co-ttys-line1col1">  "/usr/libexec/getty std.38400"<co
	      id="co-ttys-line1col2">  wy50<co
	      id="co-ttys-line1col3">  on<co
	      id="co-ttys-line1col4">  insecure<co
	      id="co-ttys-line1col5">
ttyd5   "/usr/libexec/getty std.19200"  vt100  on  insecure
	  </programlisting>

	  <calloutlist>
	    <callout arearefs="co-ttys-line1col1">
	      <para>ðÅÒ×ÏÅ ÐÏÌÅ, ËÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ, ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÉÍÑ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏÇÏ
		ÆÁÊÌÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ, × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó ÅÇÏ ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ×
	      <filename>/dev</filename>.</para>
	    </callout>
	    <callout arearefs="co-ttys-line1col2">

	      <para>÷ÔÏÒÏÅ ÐÏÌÅ &mdash; ÜÔÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ, ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÁÑ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ
		ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ, ÏÂÙÞÎÏ &man.getty.8;.  <command>getty</command>
		ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÉÒÕÅÔ É ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ÌÉÎÉÀ, ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÅÅ
		ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ, ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÁÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ Ë ××ÏÄÕ
		ÉÍÅÎÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ
		&man.login.1;.</para>

	      <para>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ <command>getty</command> ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔ ÏÄÉÎ
		(ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙÊ) ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ × ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ, ÔÉÐ
		<replaceable>getty</replaceable>.  ôÉÐ
		<replaceable>getty</replaceable> ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÈÁÒÁËÔÅÒÉÓÔÉËÉ
		ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÊ ÌÉÎÉÉ, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ bps É ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔØ.
		ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ <command>getty</command> ÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÅÔ ÜÔÉ ÈÁÒÁËÔÅÒÉÓÔÉËÉ
		ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>.</para>

	      <para>æÁÊÌ <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ
		ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÚÁÐÉÓÅÊ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×, ËÁË ÄÌÑ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ÔÁË É ÄÌÑ
		ÎÏ×ÙÈ.  ðÏÞÔÉ ×Ï ×ÓÅÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ ÚÁÐÉÓØ, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÝÁÑÓÑ Ó
		ÔÅËÓÔÁ <literal>std</literal>, ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ
		Ó ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÙÍÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁÍÉ.  üÔÉ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔØ.
		úÁÐÉÓØ <literal>std</literal> ÅÓÔØ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ
		bps ÏÔ 110 ÄÏ 115200.  ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ
		ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÅ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × ÜÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ.  óÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ
		&man.gettytab.5; ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ.</para>

	      <para>ðÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÔÉÐÁ <replaceable>getty</replaceable>
		× ÆÁÊÌÅ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ × ÎÁÌÉÞÉÉ
		ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.</para>

	      <para>îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, Wyse-50 ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔØ É ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ
		38400&nbsp;bps.  286&nbsp;PC ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔØ É
		ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ 19200&nbsp;bps.</para>

	    </callout>

	    <callout arearefs="co-ttys-line1col3">

	      <para>ôÒÅÔØÅ ÐÏÌÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ, ÏÂÙÞÎÏ
		ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÁÅÍÏÇÏ Ë ÜÔÏÊ ÌÉÎÉÉ tty.  äÌÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ
		ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ
		<literal>unknown</literal> ÉÌÉ <literal>dialup</literal>,
		ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ
		ÌÀÂÏÊ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ.  äÌÑ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÙÈ
		ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× ÔÉÐ ÎÅ ÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ
		× ÜÔÏ ÐÏÌÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÉÚ ÂÁÚÙ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
		&man.termcap.5;.</para>

	      <para>îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, Wyse-50 ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÒÅÁÌØÎÙÊ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ,
		Á 286 PC, ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÉÊ Ó <application>Procomm</application>,
		ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎ ÎÁ ÜÍÕÌÑÃÉÀ VT-100.</para>

	    </callout>

	    <callout arearefs="co-ttys-line1col4">
	      <para>þÅÔ×ÅÒÔÏÅ ÐÏÌÅ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÌÉ ÐÏÒÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ.
		òÁÚÍÅÝÅÎÉÅ ÚÄÅÓØ <literal>on</literal> ÕËÁÖÅÔ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÕ
		<command>init</command> ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ, ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÕÀ
		×Ï ×ÔÏÒÏÍ ÐÏÌÅ, <command>getty</command>.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù
		ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ <literal>off</literal> × ÜÔÏ ÐÏÌÅ, ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ
		<command>getty</command> ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎÁ É ×ÈÏÄ
		ÎÁ ÜÔÏÔ ÐÏÒÔ ÓÔÁÎÅÔ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÅÎ.</para>
	    </callout>

	    <callout arearefs="co-ttys-line1col5">
	      <para>ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÅ ÐÏÌÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ, Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
		ÌÉ ÐÏÒÔ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÙÍ.  ðÏÍÅÔËÁ ÐÏÒÔÁ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÙÍ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ,
		ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÄÏ×ÅÒÑÅÔÅ ÅÍÕ ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÉÔØ
		ÕÞÅÔÎÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ <username>root</username> (ÉÌÉ ÌÀÂÏÊ
		ÕÞÅÔÎÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ Ó UID 0) ×ÈÏÄÉÔØ Ó ÜÔÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ.  îÅÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÙÅ
		ÐÏÒÔÙ ÎÅ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÔ ×ÈÏÄ <username>root</username>.
		îÁ ÎÅÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ×ÏÊÔÉ Ó
		ÞÅÒÅÚ ÎÅÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÕÀ ÕÞÅÔÎÕÀ ÚÁÐÉÓØ, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ
		ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ &man.su.1; ÉÌÉ ÐÏÄÏÂÎÙÊ ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍ ÄÌÑ
		ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÊ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.</para>

	      <para>îÁÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
		<quote>insecure</quote> ÄÁÖÅ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×, ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÉÈÓÑ ÚÁ
		ÚÁËÒÙÔÙÍÉ Ä×ÅÒÑÍÉ.  äÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ÌÅÇËÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
		<command>su</command> ÐÏÓÌÅ ×ÈÏÄÁ, ÅÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ
		ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÉ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.</para>
	    </callout>
	  </calloutlist>
	</example>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="term-hup">
	<title>úÁÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ <command>init</command> ÐÅÒÅÞÉÔÁÔØ
	  <filename>/etc/ttys</filename></title>

	<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × ÆÁÊÌÅ
	  <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ
	  SIGHUP (hangup) ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÕ <command>init</command>, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ
	  ÅÇÏ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÔÁÔØ ÅÇÏ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>kill -HUP 1</userinput></screen>

	<note>
	  <para><command>init</command> ÜÔÏ ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÉÚ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÈ ×
	    × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ×, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÅÇÏ PID ×ÓÅÇÄÁ 1.</para>
	</note>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×ÓÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ, ×ÓÅ ËÁÂÅÌÉ ÎÁ ÍÅÓÔÅ É
	  ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÙ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ, ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ <command>getty</command> ÄÏÌÖÅÎ
	  ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÅ É ×Ù Õ×ÉÄÉÔÅ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ
	  ËÏ ×ÈÏÄÕ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÅ.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="term-debug">
      <title>òÅÛÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ Ó ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅÍ</title>

      <para>äÁÖÅ ÐÒÉ ÓÁÍÏÍ ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍ ÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÉ Ë ÄÅÔÁÌÑÍ, ÐÒÉ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÅ
	ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ×ÓÅ ÖÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÕÔØ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ.  ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ
	ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÓÉÍÐÔÏÍÏ× É ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÊ.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>îÅ ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ËÏ ×ÈÏÄÕ</title>

	<para>õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ É ÅÇÏ ÐÉÔÁÎÉÅ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÏ.
	  õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÜÍÕÌÑÔÏÒ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÍ
	  ÐÏÒÔÕ.</para>

	<para>õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ËÁÂÅÌØ ÈÏÒÏÛÏ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ É Ë ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÕ É Ë
	  ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ Ó FreeBSD.  õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ×ÙÂÒÁÎ ÔÉÐ
	  ËÁÂÅÌÑ.</para>

	<para>õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ É FreeBSD ÉÍÅÀÔ ÏÄÉÎÁËÏ×ÙÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
	  ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ bps É ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ.  åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ×ÉÄÅÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ,
	  ÞÔÏ ËÏÎÔÒÁÓÔ É ÑÒËÏÓÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ.  åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÐÒÉÎÔ-ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ,
	  ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÂÕÍÁÇÁ É ÞÅÒÎÉÌÁ × ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ.</para>

	<para>õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ <command>getty</command> ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ
	  É ÏÂÓÌÕÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÐÉÓËÁ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÈ
	  ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ× <command>getty</command> Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <command>ps</command>,
	  ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ:</para>

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ps -axww|grep getty</userinput></screen>

	<para>÷Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÕ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.
	  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ <command>getty</command> ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎÁ ÎÁ ×ÔÏÒÏÍ
	  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ <literal>ttyd1</literal> É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ
	  ÚÁÐÉÓØ <literal>std.38400</literal> ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ
	  <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>, ÏÔÏÂÒÁÚÉÔÓÑ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ:</para>

	<screen>22189  d1  Is+    0:00.03 /usr/libexec/getty std.38400 ttyd1</screen>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ <command>getty</command> ÎÅ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ,
	  ÞÔÏ ×Ù ×ËÌÀÞÉÌÉ ÐÏÒÔ × <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>.  îÅ ÚÁÂÕÄØÔÅ
	  ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ <command>kill -HUP 1</command> ÐÏÓÌÅ
	  ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ <filename>ttys</filename>.</para>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ <command>getty</command> ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ, ÎÏ ÎÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÅ
	  ÐÏ-ÐÒÅÖÎÅÍÕ ÎÅ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ËÏ ×ÈÏÄÕ, ÉÌÉ ÅÓÌÉ
	  ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÅÔÓÑ, ÎÏ ×ÏÊÔÉ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ
	  ÉÌÉ ËÁÂÅÌØ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ Ë×ÉÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ Ó×ÑÚÉ.
	  ðÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÐÏÌÅ × <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>
	  Ó <literal>std.38400</literal> ÎÁ <literal>3wire.38400</literal>.
	  úÁÐÉÓØ <literal>3wire</literal> ÐÏÈÏÖÁ ÎÁ
	  <literal>std</literal>, ÎÏ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔ Ë×ÉÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ Ó×ÑÚÉ.
	  ÷ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÕÍÅÎØÛÉÔØ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ
	  ×ËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÊ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÐÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ
	  <literal>3wire</literal> ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÊ
	  ÂÕÆÅÒÁ.</para>

      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>÷ÍÅÓÔÏ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ ËÏ ×ÈÏÄÕ ÎÁ ÜËÒÁÎÅ ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
	  <quote>ÍÕÓÏÒ</quote></title>

	<para>õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ É FreeBSD ÉÍÅÀÔ ÏÄÉÎÁËÏ×ÙÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
	  ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ bps É ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ.  ðÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ
	  <command>getty</command>, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÂÅÄÉÔØÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ
	  ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ÔÉÐ <replaceable>getty</replaceable>.  åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÎÅ ÔÁË,
	  ÏÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÕÊÔÅ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> É ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ
	  <command>kill -HUP 1</command>.</para>

      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>óÉÍ×ÏÌÙ ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ Ä×ÁÖÄÙ, ÐÁÒÏÌØ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÉ
	  ××ÏÄÅ</title>

	<para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ (ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÜÍÕÌÑÔÏÒÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ)
	  Ó <quote>half duplex</quote> ÉÌÉ <quote>local echo</quote> ÎÁ
	  <quote>full duplex</quote>.</para>

      </sect3>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="dialup">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Guy</firstname>
	  <surname>Helmer</surname>
	  <contrib>ðÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÉÌ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Sean</firstname>
	  <surname>Kelly</surname>
	  <contrib>äÏÐÏÌÎÉÌ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
    </sect1info>
    <title>÷ÈÏÄÑÝÉÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÍÏÄÅÍÕ</title>
    <indexterm><primary>×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ</primary></indexterm>

    <para>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ FreeBSD ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ
      ÏÞÅÎØ ÐÏÈÏÖÁ ÎÁ ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÔÏÇÏ,
      ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔÅ Ó ÍÏÄÅÍÁÍÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.</para>

      <sect2>
	<title>÷ÎÅÛÎÉÅ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÉÅ ÍÏÄÅÍÙ</title>

	<para>÷ÎÅÛÎÉÅ ÍÏÄÅÍÙ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÕÄÏÂÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÌÅÇËÏ ÍÏÇÕÔ
	  ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÙ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×, ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÅÍÙÈ × ÜÎÅÒÇÏÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÊ
	  ÐÁÍÑÔÉ.  îÁ ÎÉÈ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÅÓÔØ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒÙ, ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÀÝÉÅ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ
	  ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ RS-232 ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ×.  íÉÇÁÀÝÉÅ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒÙ ×ÐÅÞÁÔÌÑÀÔ,
	  ÎÏ ËÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ ÏÎÉ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÞÅÎØ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÉÎÄÉËÁÃÉÉ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏÊ
	  ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ.</para>

	<para>÷ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÉÅ ÍÏÄÅÍÙ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÅ ÓÎÁÂÖÁÀÔÓÑ ÜÎÅÒÇÏÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÊ
	  ÐÁÍÑÔØÀ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÉÈ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÉ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ
	  DIP ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌÅÊ.  åÓÌÉ ÎÁ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÍ ÍÏÄÅÍÅ ÅÓÔØ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒÙ,
	  ÉÈ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÓÌÏÖÎÏ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ÐÒÉ ÚÁËÒÙÔÏÊ ËÒÙÛËÅ ËÏÒÐÕÓÁ.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>íÏÄÅÍÙ É ËÁÂÅÌÉ</title>
	<indexterm><primary>ÍÏÄÅÍ</primary></indexterm>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ×ÎÅÛÎÉÊ ÍÏÄÅÍ, ÎÅÓÏÍÎÅÎÎÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	  ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ.  óÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ RS-232C ËÁÂÅÌØ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÐÏÄÏÊÔÉ, ÅÓÌÉ
	  ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ×ÓÅ ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ:</para>

	  <table frame="none" pgwide="1" id="serialcomms-signal-names">
	    <title>îÁÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ×</title>

	    <tgroup cols="3">
	      <thead>
		<row>
		  <entry align="left">óÏËÒÁÝÅÎÉÅ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">îÁÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÉÅ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">îÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ</entry>
		</row>
	      </thead>

	      <tbody>
		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>RD</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Received Data</entry>
		  <entry>ðÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÍÙÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>TD</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Transmitted Data</entry>
		  <entry>ðÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>DTR</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Data Terminal Ready</entry>
		  <entry>çÏÔÏ×ÎÏÓÔØ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>DSR</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Data Set Ready</entry>
		  <entry>çÏÔÏ×ÎÏÓÔØ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>DCD</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Data Carrier Detect</entry>
		  <entry>îÁÌÉÞÉÅ ÎÅÓÕÝÅÊ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>SG</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Signal Ground</entry>
		  <entry>óÉÇÎÁÌØÎÁÑ ÚÅÍÌÑ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>RTS</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Request to Send</entry>
		  <entry>úÁÐÒÏÓ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÙÌËÕ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><acronym>CTS</acronym></entry>
		  <entry>Clear to Send</entry>
		  <entry>çÏÔÏ×ÎÏÓÔØ Ë ÐÒÉÅÍÕ</entry>
		</row>
	       </tbody>
	     </tgroup>
	  </table>

	<para>FreeBSD ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ <acronym>RTS</acronym> É
	  <acronym>CTS</acronym> ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÎÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÑÈ ×ÙÛÅ
	  2400&nbsp;bps, ÓÉÇÎÁÌ <acronym>CD</acronym> ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ, ÂÙÌ ÌÉ
	  ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÎÁ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÉÚÏÛÌÏ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÌÉÎÉÉ, É ÓÉÇÎÁÌ
	  <acronym>DTR</acronym> ÄÌÑ ÓÂÒÏÓÁ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÑ
	  ÓÅÓÓÉÉ.  îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ËÁÂÅÌÉ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ×ÓÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ
	  ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÔÏÌËÎÕÌÉÓØ Ó ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÍÉ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ,
	  ÅÓÌÉ ÓÅÓÓÉÑ ÎÅ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÏÔÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÌÉÎÉÉ, ÐÒÉÞÉÎÏÊ
	  ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ Ñ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ Ó ËÁÂÅÌÅÍ.</para>

	<para>ëÁË É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ &unix; ÐÏÄÏÂÎÙÅ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, FreeBSD
	  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÙÅ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÙ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÂÙÌ ÌÉ
	  ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÎÁ Ú×ÏÎÏË ÉÌÉ ÌÉÎÉÑ ÂÙÌÁ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÁ É ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	  ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÔØ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ É ÓÂÒÏÓÉÔØ ÅÇÏ × ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÅ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ.
	  FreeBSD ÉÚÂÅÇÁÅÔ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÍÏÄÅÍÕ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÔØ
	  ÏÔÞÅÔÙ Ï ÓÔÁÔÕÓÅ ÏÔ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÚÎÁËÏÍÙ Ó ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÏÊ
	  BBS, ÜÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØÓÑ ÎÅÕÄÏÂÎÙÍ.</para>
      </sect3>
      </sect2>

      <sect2>
	<title>òÅËÏÍÅÎÄÁÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÍ</title>

	<para>FreeBSD ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÙ, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÎÁ NS8250, NS16450,
	  NS16550, É NS16550A EIA RS-232C (CCITT V.24).  õÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á 8250 É
	  16450 ÓÎÁÂÖÅÎÙ ÏÄÎÏÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÂÕÆÅÒÏÍ.  õÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï 16550 ÓÎÁÂÖÅÎÏ
	  16-ÔÉ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÂÕÆÅÒÏÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏ×ÙÛÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ
	  ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.  (ïÛÉÂËÉ × 16550 ÄÅÌÁÀÔ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
	  16-ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÏÇÏ ÂÕÆÅÒÁ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ 16550A ÅÓÌÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ).
	  ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á Ó ÏÄÎÏÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÂÕÆÅÒÏÍ ÐÒÅÄßÑ×ÌÑÀÔ ÂÏÌØÛÉÅ
	  ÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ë ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ, ÞÅÍ Ó 16-ÔÉ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÂÕÆÅÒÏÍ,
	  ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÔÉÔÅÌØÎÙ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÎÁ 16550A.  åÓÌÉ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÍÎÏÇÏ
	  ÁËÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÉÌÉ ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÁ ×ÅÌÉËÁ,
	  ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÎÁ 16550A ÌÕÞÛÅ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÔ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ Ó
	  ÍÁÌÙÍ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×ÏÍ ÏÛÉÂÏË.</para>
      </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>ëÒÁÔËÉÊ ÏÂÚÏÒ</title>

      <indexterm><primary>getty</primary></indexterm>
      <para>ëÁË É Ó ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁÍÉ, <command>init</command> ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ
	<command>getty</command> ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÎÏÍ ÄÌÑ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ
	Ú×ÏÎËÏ× ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ
	Ë <filename>/dev/ttyd0</filename>, ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ <command>ps ax</command>
	ÍÏÖÅÔ ×Ù×ÅÓÔÉ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ:</para>

      <screen> 4850 ??  I      0:00.09 /usr/libexec/getty V19200 ttyd0</screen>

      <para>ëÏÇÄÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ ÄÏÚ×ÁÎÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÄÅÍ, ÍÏÄÅÍ
	×ÙÄÁÅÔ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ <acronym>CD</acronym> (Carrier Detect).
	ñÄÒÏ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÎÅÓÕÝÁÑ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÁ É ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÅÔ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÅ ÐÏÒÔÁ
	ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ <command>getty</command>.  <command>getty</command>
	ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ <prompt>login:</prompt> ÎÁ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ.
	<command>getty</command> ÏÖÉÄÁÅÔ × ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×, É, ËÁË
	ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ, ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔ ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ (ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÜÔÏ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ
	ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ ÏÔÌÉÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÏÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ
	<command>getty</command>).  <command>getty</command> ÐÒÏÂÕÅÔ
	ÐÏÄÏÂÒÁÔØ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÌÉÎÉÉ ÄÏ ÔÅÈ ÐÏÒ, ÐÏËÁ ÎÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÙÊ
	ÎÁÂÏÒ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×.</para>

      <indexterm>
	<primary><command>/usr/bin/login</command></primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ÂÕÄÅÔ ××ÅÄÅÎÏ ÉÍÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ,
	<command>getty</command> ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ
	<filename>/usr/bin/login</filename>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÅÔ ×ÈÏÄ,
	ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÑ ÐÁÒÏÌØ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ É ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÑ ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÕ.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>æÁÊÌÙ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ</title>

      <para>åÓÔØ ÔÒÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
	<filename>/etc</filename>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	ÏÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ ÐÏ ÍÏÄÅÍÕ × FreeBSD.
	ðÅÒ×ÙÊ, <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ
	ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÅ ÄÁÅÍÏÎÁ <filename>/usr/libexec/getty</filename>.
	÷ÔÏÒÏÊ, <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ,
	ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÕÀ <filename>/sbin/init</filename> ÎÁ ËÁËÉÈ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÈ
	<filename>tty</filename> ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎÙ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÙ
	<command>getty</command>.  îÁËÏÎÅÃ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ
	ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× × ÓËÒÉÐÔ /etc/rc.d/serial.</para>

      <para>÷ &unix; ÅÓÔØ Ä×Å ÛËÏÌÙ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ× ÄÌÑ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ.
	ïÄÎÁ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÔØ ÍÏÄÅÍÙ É ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÔÁË, ÞÔÏ ÎÅ
	×ÁÖÎÏ ÎÁ ËÁËÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ.
	ìÏËÁÌØÎÙÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ RS-232 ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ-ÍÏÄÅÍ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÖÅÓÔËÏ
	ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ.  ðÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÜÔÏÊ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ × ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ
	ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÓÒÁÚÕ ×ÉÄÉÔ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ËÏ ×ÈÏÄÕ.
	ïÂÒÁÔÎÁÑ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÁ × ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÎÅ ÚÎÁÅÔ, ËÁËÏ×Á ÎÁ ÓÁÍÏÍ
	ÄÅÌÅ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÐÏÌÎÏÜËÒÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ,
	ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË Emacs, ÎÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÀÔ Ó×ÏÉ ÍÅÔÏÄÙ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÜËÒÁÎÅ
	ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÍÅÄÌÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑÍÉ.</para>

      <para>äÒÕÇÁÑ ÛËÏÌÁ ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ RS-232 ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÏÊ
	ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ
	ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ× ÐÏ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÕ V.32bis
	(14.4&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó) ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÏÒÔÁ RS-232 ÒÁ×ÎÏÊ
	19.2&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó, Á ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ÎÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ 2400&nbsp;ÂÉÔ/Ó
	ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ RS-232 ÒÁ×ÎÏÊ 2400&nbsp;ÂÉÔ/Ó. ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
	<command>getty</command> ÎÅ ÐÏÎÉÍÁÅÔ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ Ï
	ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ, <command>getty</command> ×ÙÄÁÅÔ
	ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ <prompt>login:</prompt> ÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
	ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ É ÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÅÔ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ, ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÙÅ × ÏÔ×ÅÔÅ. åÓÌÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ
	×ÉÄÉÔ <quote>ÍÕÓÏÒ</quote> ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ ËÏ ×ÈÏÄÕ, ÜÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ,
	ÞÔÏ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÎÁÖÉÍÁÔØ <keycode>Enter</keycode> ÄÏ ÔÅÈ ÐÏÒ, ÐÏËÁ ÎÅ
	ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ËÏ ×ÈÏÄÕ.  åÓÌÉ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÎÅ ÓÏ×ÐÁÄÁÀÔ,
	<command>getty</command> ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ, ÞÔÏ ××ÏÄÉÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ, ×
	×ÉÄÅ <quote>ÍÕÓÏÒÁ</quote>, ÐÒÏÂÕÅÔ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÉÔØÓÑ ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÕÀ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ
	É ×ÙÄÁÅÔ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ <prompt>login:</prompt> ÏÐÑÔØ.  üÔÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ
	ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÔØÓÑ ÄÏ ÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ, ÎÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÄÎÏ ÉÌÉ Ä×Á
	ÎÁÖÁÔÉÑ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÉ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÐÏÑ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÑÝÅÇÏ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ.
	ïÞÅ×ÉÄÎÏ, ÜÔÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ ×ÈÏÄÁ ÎÅ ÔÁË ÈÏÒÏÛÁ, ËÁË ÍÅÔÏÄ
	Ó ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ, ÎÏ ÐÒÉ ÎÉÚËÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ
	ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó ÐÏÌÎÏÜËÒÁÎÎÙÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ ÓÔÁÎÅÔ ÐÒÏÝÅ.</para>

      <para>÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÐÙÔËÁ ÄÁÔØ ÓÂÁÌÁÎÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ
	ÄÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ, ÎÏ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÏÔÄÁÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ
	ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ Ó ÍÏÄÅÍÏÍ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÅ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title><filename>/etc/gettytab</filename></title>

  <indexterm>
    <primary><filename>/etc/gettytab</filename></primary>
  </indexterm>
	<para><filename>/etc/gettytab</filename> ÜÔÏ ÆÁÊÌ × ÓÔÉÌÅ
	  &man.termcap.5;, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÅ &man.getty.8;.
	  ðÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.gettytab.5;
	  ÚÁ ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ Ï ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ É ÚÁ ÓÐÉÓËÏÍ
	  ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ <command>getty</command>.</para>

	<sect4>
	  <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ</title>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÚÁÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ ÎÁ
	    ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ, ÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ
	    <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename> ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÎÅ
	    ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÍÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ</title>

	<para>÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ ×
	    <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename> ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
	    <command>getty</command> ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÑÈ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
	    ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ.  åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ
	    2400&nbsp;ÂÉÔ/Ó ÍÏÄÅÍ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ÐÏÄÏÊÄÅÔ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÁÑ
	    ÚÁÐÉÓØ <literal>D2400</literal>.</para>

	  <programlisting>#
# Fast dialup terminals, 2400/1200/300 rotary (can start either way)
#
D2400|d2400|Fast-Dial-2400:\
        :nx=D1200:tc=2400-baud:
3|D1200|Fast-Dial-1200:\
        :nx=D300:tc=1200-baud:
5|D300|Fast-Dial-300:\
        :nx=D2400:tc=300-baud:</programlisting>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÎÏÊ ÍÏÄÅÍ, ×ÁÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	    ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ × <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>; ×ÏÔ ÚÁÐÉÓØ,
	    ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ 14.4&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó ÍÏÄÅÍÁ Ó
	    ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁ 19.2&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó:</para>

	  <programlisting>#
# Additions for a V.32bis Modem
#
um|V300|High Speed Modem at 300,8-bit:\
        :nx=V19200:tc=std.300:
un|V1200|High Speed Modem at 1200,8-bit:\
        :nx=V300:tc=std.1200:
uo|V2400|High Speed Modem at 2400,8-bit:\
        :nx=V1200:tc=std.2400:
up|V9600|High Speed Modem at 9600,8-bit:\
        :nx=V2400:tc=std.9600:
uq|V19200|High Speed Modem at 19200,8-bit:\
        :nx=V9600:tc=std.19200:</programlisting>

	  <para>üÔÁ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ 8-ÂÉÔÎÙÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ
	    ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ.</para>

	  <para>÷ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ×ÙÛÅ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÏÒÔÁ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔØÓÑ × ÃÉËÌÅ
	    ÎÁÞÉÎÁÑ Ó 19.2&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó (ÄÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ V.32bis), ÚÁÔÅÍ
	    9600&nbsp;ÂÉÔ/Ó (ÄÌÑ V.32), 2400&nbsp;ÂÉÔ/Ó, 1200&nbsp;ÂÉÔ/Ó,
	    300&nbsp;ÂÉÔ/Ó, É ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏ ÎÁ 19.2&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó.
	    ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÅÊ × ÃÉËÌÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÏ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
	    <literal>nx=</literal> (<quote>next table</quote>).
	    ëÁÖÄÁÑ ÉÚ ÌÉÎÉÊ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ <literal>tc=</literal> (<quote>table
	    continuation</quote>) ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ <quote>ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÈ</quote>
	    (std) ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ.</para>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ 28.8&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó ÍÏÄÅÍ É/ÉÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ
	    ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÏÔ ÓÖÁÔÉÑ ÎÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ 14.4&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ
	    ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ×ÙÛÅ, ÞÅÍ 19.2&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó.  ÷ÏÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÉÚ
	    <filename>gettytab</filename> ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ
	    57.6&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó:</para>

	  <programlisting>#
# Additions for a V.32bis or V.34 Modem
# Starting at 57.6 Kbps
#
vm|VH300|Very High Speed Modem at 300,8-bit:\
        :nx=VH57600:tc=std.300:
vn|VH1200|Very High Speed Modem at 1200,8-bit:\
        :nx=VH300:tc=std.1200:
vo|VH2400|Very High Speed Modem at 2400,8-bit:\
        :nx=VH1200:tc=std.2400:
vp|VH9600|Very High Speed Modem at 9600,8-bit:\
        :nx=VH2400:tc=std.9600:
vq|VH57600|Very High Speed Modem at 57600,8-bit:\
        :nx=VH9600:tc=std.57600:</programlisting>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÍÅÄÌÅÎÎÙÊ CPU ÉÌÉ ÓÉÌØÎÏ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎÎÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ
	    ÂÅÚ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÎÁ ÂÁÚÅ 16550A, ÎÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ
	    57.6&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÕÔØ ÏÛÉÂËÉ
	    <errorname>sio</errorname> <quote>silo</quote>.</para>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="dialup-ttys">
	<title><filename>/etc/ttys</filename></title>
	<indexterm>
	  <primary><filename>/etc/ttys</filename></primary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÆÁÊÌÁ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>
	  ÂÙÌÁ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÁ × <xref linkend="ex-etc-ttys">.
	  îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ× ÐÏÈÏÖÁ, ÎÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÔØ
	  <command>getty</command> ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ É
	  ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÔÉÐÙ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.  ïÂÝÉÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ
	  ÄÌÑ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ É ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÔÁËÏÊ:</para>

	<programlisting>ttyd0   "/usr/libexec/getty <replaceable>xxx</replaceable>"   dialup on</programlisting>

	<para>ðÅÒ×ÙÊ ÐÕÎËÔ × ÓÔÒÏËÅ ×ÙÛÅ ÜÔÏ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÄÌÑ
	  ÜÔÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ &mdash; <literal>ttyd0</literal> ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ,
	  ÞÔÏ <command>getty</command> ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎÁ ÎÁ
	  <filename>/dev/ttyd0</filename>.  ÷ÔÏÒÏÊ ÐÕÎËÔ,
	  <literal>"/usr/libexec/getty
	    <replaceable>xxx</replaceable>"</literal>
	  (<replaceable>xxx</replaceable> ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁÍÅÝÅÎÏ ÎÁ ÚÁÐÉÓØ ÉÚ
	  <filename>gettytab</filename> ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ), ÜÔÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ,
	  ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎ ÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÏÍ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Å.  ôÒÅÔÉÊ ÐÕÎËÔ,
	  <literal>dialup</literal>, ÜÔÏ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.
	  þÅÔ×ÅÒÔÙÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ, <literal>on</literal>, ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ
	  <command>init</command>, ÞÔÏ ÌÉÎÉÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ.  íÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÑÔÙÊ
	  ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ, <literal>secure</literal>, ÎÏ ÏÎ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ
	  ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÆÉÚÉÞÅÓËÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÙ (ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË
	  ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ).</para>

	<para>ôÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ (<literal>dialup</literal> × ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ
	  ×ÙÛÅ) ÍÏÖÅÔ ÚÁ×ÉÓÅÔØ ÏÔ ÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÔÅÎÉÊ.
	  <literal>dialup</literal> ÜÔÏ ÔÒÁÄÉÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÐÏ
	  ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÁ ÌÉÎÉÑÈ ÄÌÑ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ,
	  ÚÎÁÑ ÞÔÏ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ <literal>dialup</literal>, Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ
	  ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÔØ Ó×ÏÊ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.  ïÄÎÁËÏ, Á×ÔÏÒ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ
	  ÌÅÇËÉÍ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÅ <literal>vt102</literal> × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÔÉÐÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ
	  ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÔ ÎÁ Ó×ÏÉÈ
	  ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ Ó ÜÍÕÌÑÔÏÒÏÍ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ VT102.</para>

	<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>,
	  ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÕ <command>init</command> ÓÉÇÎÁÌ
	  <acronym>HUP</acronym> ÐÅÒÅÞÉÔÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ.  éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ

	<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>kill -HUP 1</userinput></screen>

	  ÄÌÑ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÅÔÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ × ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÒÁÚ,
	  ÔÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÚÁÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÐÏÄÏÖÄÁÔØ, ÐÏËÁ ÍÏÄÅÍ(Ù) ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ
	  ÎÁÓÔÒÏÑÔÓÑ É ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÔÓÑ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÏÊ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ
	  <command>init</command>.</para>

	<sect4>
	  <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ</title>

	  <para>äÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ Ó ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ, × ÆÁÊÌÅ
	    <filename>ttys</filename> ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ Ó ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ
	    ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ ÄÌÑ <command>getty</command>.  äÌÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ, ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÏÒÔÁ
	    ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ ÎÁ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÉ 19.2&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó, ÓÔÒÏËÁ ×
	    <filename>ttys</filename> ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÅÔØ ÔÁË:</para>

	  <programlisting>ttyd0   "/usr/libexec/getty std.19200"   dialup on</programlisting>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÉ,
	    ÐÏÄÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ×
	    <literal>std.<replaceable>speed</replaceable></literal>
	    ×ÍÅÓÔÏ <literal>std.19200</literal>.  õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù
	    ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÔÉÐ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÊ ×
	    <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>.</para>
	</sect4>

	<sect4>
	  <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ</title>

	  <para>÷ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÅ Ó ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ, ÚÁÐÉÓØ ×
	    <filename>ttys</filename> ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÔØÓÑ Ë ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ
	    <quote>auto-baud</quote> (sic) ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ×
	    <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔÅ
	    ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÎÕÀ ×ÙÛÅ ÚÁÐÉÓØ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ Ó ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
	    ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔÓÑ Ó 19.2&nbsp;ëÂÉÔ/Ó (ÚÁÐÉÓØ ×
	    <filename>gettytab</filename> ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔÓÑ Ó
	    <literal>V19200</literal>), ÚÁÐÉÓØ ×
	    <filename>ttys</filename> ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÅÔØ ÔÁË:</para>

	  <programlisting>ttyd0   "/usr/libexec/getty V19200"   dialup on</programlisting>
	</sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title><filename>/etc/rc.d/serial</filename></title>
	<indexterm>
	  <primary>ÆÁÊÌÙ rc</primary>
	  <secondary><filename>rc.serial</filename></secondary>
	</indexterm>

	<para>äÌÑ ×ÙÓÏËÏÓËÏÒÏÓÔÎÙÈ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ×, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË V.32, V.32bis É V.34,
	  ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÇÏ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ
	  (<literal>RTS/CTS</literal>).  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ
	  <command>stty</command> Ë ÆÁÊÌÕ <filename>/etc/rc.d/serial</filename>
	  ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÆÌÁÇÁ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÇÏ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ × ÑÄÒÅ
	  FreeBSD ÄÌÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×.

	<para>îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÆÌÁÇÁ <literal>termios</literal>
	  <varname>crtscts</varname> ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ ÎÏÍÅÒ 1
	  (<devicename>COM2</devicename>) ÐÒÉ ÉÎÉÃÉÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×
	  ÄÌÑ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÅÊ É ÉÓÈÏÄÑÝÅÊ Ó×ÑÚÉ, ×
	  <filename>/etc/rc.d/serial</filename>ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ
	  ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ:</para>
	<programlisting># Serial port initial configuration
stty -f /dev/ttyd1.init crtscts
stty -f /dev/cuad1.init crtscts</programlisting>

      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ</title>

      <para>åÓÌÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÙ ×
	ÜÎÅÒÇÏÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
	ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÕÀ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, Telix ÐÏÄ &ms-dos; ÉÌÉ
	<command>tip</command> ÐÏÄ FreeBSD) ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
	ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×.  ðÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÍÏÄÅÍÕ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÔÕ ÖÅ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ
	ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ, ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ <command>getty</command> ×
	ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ, É ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊÔÅ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÄÌÑ
	ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÑ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ ÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÎÉÑÍ:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
	<listitem>
	  <para><acronym>CD</acronym> ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para><acronym>DTR</acronym> ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ; ÓÂÒÏÓ DTR
	    ÏÔËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÌÉÎÉÀ É ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔ ÍÏÄÅÍ × ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÅ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para><acronym>CTS</acronym> ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ëÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÐÏÔÏËÁ <acronym>XON/XOFF</acronym> ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para><acronym>RTS</acronym> ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÐÒÉÎÑÔÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para><quote>ôÉÈÉÊ</quote> ÒÅÖÉÍ (ÂÅÚ ËÏÄÏ× ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ)</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>üÈÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÏ</para>
	</listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>ðÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ÎÁ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ËÁËÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ
	É/ÉÌÉ DIP ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌÉ ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÜÔÉ
	ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ.</para>

      <para>îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ×ÙÛÅÕËÁÚÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÎÁ ×ÎÅÛÎÅÍ
	14,400 ÍÏÄÅÍÅ &usrobotics; &sportster;, ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ
	ÍÏÄÅÍÕ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</para>

      <programlisting>ATZ
AT&amp;C1&amp;D2&amp;H1&amp;I0&amp;R2&amp;W</programlisting>

      <para>÷Ù, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ÚÁÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ,
	ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÓÖÁÔÉÑ V.42bis É/ÉÌÉ MNP5.</para>

      <para>÷ÎÅÛÎÉÊ &usrobotics; &sportster; 14,400 ÍÏÄÅÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÎÁÂÖÅÎ
	ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ DIP ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌÑÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ;
	ÄÌÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ× ÜÔÉ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ×
	ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÒÉÍÅÒÁ:</para>

      <itemizedlist>
	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 1: ××ÅÒÈ &mdash; ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÙÊ DTR</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 2: N/A (×ÉÚÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ËÏÄÙ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ/ÞÉÓÌÏ×ÙÅ ËÏÄÙ
	    ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ)</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 3: ××ÅÒÈ &mdash; ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ËÏÄÏ× ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 4: ×ÎÉÚ &mdash; ÂÅÚ ÜÈÏ, offline ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 5: ××ÅÒÈ &mdash; Á×ÔÏ ÏÔ×ÅÔ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 6: ××ÅÒÈ &mdash; ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÙÊ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ
	    ÎÅÓÕÝÅÊ</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 7: ××ÅÒÈ &mdash; ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÏ
	    ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÉÚ NVRAM</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌØ 8: N/A (Smart/Dumb ÒÅÖÉÍÙ)</para>
	</listitem>
      </itemizedlist>

      <para>ëÏÄÙ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÙ/ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ
	ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÕÔØ, ÅÓÌÉ <command>getty</command>
	ÏÛÉÂÏÞÎÏ ×ÙÄÁÓÔ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ <prompt>login:</prompt> ÍÏÄÅÍÕ ×
	ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ É ÍÏÄÅÍ ×ÅÒÎÅÔ (echo) ÜÔÕ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ ÉÌÉ ËÏÄ
	×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ.  üÔÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ
	É ÂÅÓÓÍÙÓÌÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÏÂÍÅÎÕ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁÍÉ ÍÅÖÄÕ <command>getty</command>
	É ÍÏÄÅÍÏÍ.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ</title>

	<para>äÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍ Ó ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÏÊ ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÏÂÍÅÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÍÉ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍ-ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ ÏÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ.  îÁ ×ÎÅÛÎÅÍ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍÅ &usrobotics; &sportster; 14,400 ÜÔÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÚÁÆÉËÓÉÒÕÀÔ
	  ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÍÏÄÅÍ-ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ ÎÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ
	  ÐÒÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</para>

	<programlisting>ATZ
AT&amp;B1&amp;W</programlisting>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ</title>

	<para>äÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ÍÏÄÅÍ
	  Ó ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÏÊ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ
	  ÐÏÒÔ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ.  óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ
	  ÚÁÆÉËÓÉÒÕÀÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ Ó ËÏÒÒÅËÃÉÅÊ ÏÛÉÂÏË ×ÎÅÛÎÅÇÏ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍÁ &usrobotics; &sportster; 14,400 ÎÁ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ
	  ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÏ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ, ÎÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÀÔ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ
	  ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ ÂÅÚ ËÏÒÒÅËÃÉÉ
	  ÏÛÉÂÏË:</para>

	<programlisting>ATZ
AT&amp;B2&amp;W</programlisting>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ðÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË ÍÏÄÅÍÁ</title>

	<para>âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ×ÙÓÏËÏÓËÏÒÏÓÔÎÙÈ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ× ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÄÌÑ
	  ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÁ ÔÅËÕÝÉÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÍÏÄÅÍÁ × ×ÉÄÅ, ÏÔÞÁÓÔÉ ÐÒÉÓÐÏÓÏÂÌÅÎÎÏÍ
	  ÄÌÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ.  äÌÑ ×ÎÅÛÎÉÈ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ× &usrobotics; &sportster; 14,400
	  ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ <command>ATI5</command> ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÅÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÎÙÅ ×
	  ÜÎÅÒÇÏÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ.  äÌÑ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÁ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×
	  ÍÏÄÅÍÁ (Ó ÕÞÅÔÏÍ ÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ DIP ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔÅÌÅÊ), ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
	  ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ <command>ATZ</command>, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ <command>ATI4</command>.</para>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÛ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌÑ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï
	  Ë ÍÏÄÅÍÕ ÄÌÑ ÁËËÕÒÁÔÎÏÊ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>òÅÛÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ</title>

      <para>÷ÏÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÛÁÇÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÕÖÎÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ
	ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>ðÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ FreeBSD</title>

	<para>ðÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÉÔÅ ÍÏÄÅÍ Ë ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD, ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, É,
	  ÅÓÌÉ ÎÁ ÍÏÄÅÍÅ ÅÓÔØ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒÙ, ÐÏÓÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ, ÚÁÇÏÒÅÌÓÑ ÌÉ
	  ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒ <acronym>DTR</acronym> ÐÒÉ ÐÏÑ×ÌÅÎÉÉ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ
	  <prompt>login:</prompt> ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ &mdash; ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎ
	  ÚÁÇÏÒÅÌÓÑ, ÜÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ FreeBSD ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÌÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ
	  <command>getty</command> ÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÍ ËÏÍÍÕÎÉËÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÍ
	  ÐÏÒÔÕ É ÍÏÄÅÍ ÏÖÉÄÁÅÔ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÅÇÏ Ú×ÏÎËÁ.</para>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒ <acronym>DTR</acronym> ÎÅ ÚÁÇÏÒÅÌÓÑ, ×ÏÊÄÉÔÅ
	  ÎÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ FreeBSD É ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ <command>ps
	  ax</command>, ÞÔÏÂÙ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ, ÐÙÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÌÉ FreeBSD ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ
	  <command>getty</command> ÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ.  ÷Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ
	  Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ×ÒÏÄÅ ÜÔÉÈ ÓÒÅÄÉ ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ×:</para>

	<screen>  114 ??  I      0:00.10 /usr/libexec/getty V19200 ttyd0
  115 ??  I      0:00.10 /usr/libexec/getty V19200 ttyd1</screen>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÉÄÉÔÅ ÞÔÏ-ÔÏ ÄÒÕÇÏÅ, ×ÒÏÄÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ:</para>

	  <screen>  114 d0  I      0:00.10 /usr/libexec/getty V19200 ttyd0</screen>

	<para>É ÍÏÄÅÍ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔ Ú×ÏÎÏË, ÜÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ
	  <command>getty</command> ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÌÁ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÅ ËÏÍÍÕÎÉËÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÇÏ
	  ÐÏÒÔÁ.  üÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÔØ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÕ Ó ËÁÂÅÌÅÍ ÉÌÉ ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÕÀ
	  ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÕ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ <command>getty</command> ÎÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ
	  ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÔØ ËÏÍÍÕÎÉËÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ, ÐÏËÁ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔ
	  <acronym>CD</acronym> (ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÉÅ ÎÅÓÕÝÅÊ).</para>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ×ÉÄÉÔÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ× <command>getty</command>, ÏÖÉÄÁÀÝÉÈ
	  ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ
	  <filename>ttyd<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>,
	  ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>
	  É ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÏÛÉÂËÉ, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÅÓÔØ.  ðÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ ÌÏÇ ÆÁÊÌ
	  <filename>/var/log/messages</filename>, ÎÅÔ ÌÉ ÔÁÍ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÏÔ
	  <command>init</command> ÉÌÉ <command>getty</command>, ÉÍÅÀÝÉÈ
	  ÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÅ Ë ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÅ.  åÓÌÉ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÅÓÔØ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÅÝÅ ÒÁÚ
	  ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> É
	  <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename>, ËÁË É ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ
	  ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× <filename>/dev/ttydN</filename>, ÞÔÏÂÙ
	  ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉÔØ ÏÛÉÂËÉ, ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÉÌÉ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ
	  ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×.</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ðÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÎÉÔØ ÎÁ ÍÏÄÅÍ</title>

	<para>ðÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÉÔØÓÑ ÄÏ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ; ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ
	  8 ÂÉÔ ÂÅÚ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ É 1 ÓÔÏÐ ÂÉÔ ÎÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ.  åÓÌÉ
	  ×Ù ÎÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔÅ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ÓÒÁÚÕ, ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔÅ ÓÌÕÞÁÊÎÙÅ
	  ÄÁÎÎÙÅ, ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÎÁÖÉÍÁÔØ <keycode>Enter</keycode> ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ
	  ÒÁÚ × ÓÅËÕÎÄÕ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ×ÉÄÉÔÅ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ
	  <prompt>login:</prompt> ÐÏÓÌÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÐÏÐÙÔÏË, ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ
	  ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ <command>BREAK</command>.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ
	  ÄÌÑ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ ×ÙÓÏËÏÓËÏÒÏÓÔÎÏÊ ÍÏÄÅÍ, ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÎÉÔØ ÅÝÅ ÒÁÚ
	  ÐÏÓÌÅ ÆÉËÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁ ÄÏÚ×ÁÎÉ×ÁÀÝÅÇÏÓÑ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ
	  (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <command>AT&amp;B1</command> ÄÌÑ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍÁ &usrobotics; &sportster;).</para>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ
	  <prompt>login:</prompt>, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ
	  <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename> ÅÝÅ ÒÁÚ É ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ,
	  ÞÔÏ</para>

	<itemizedlist>
	  <listitem>
	    <para>éÍÑ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ <command>getty</command>, ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ ×
	      <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>, ÓÏ×ÐÁÄÁÅÔ Ó ÉÍÅÎÅÍ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ×
	      <filename>/etc/gettytab</filename></para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>ëÁÖÄÁÑ ÚÁÐÉÓØ <literal>nx=</literal> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
	      ÉÍÅÎÉ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × <filename>gettytab</filename></para>
	  </listitem>

	  <listitem>
	    <para>ëÁÖÄÁÑ ÚÁÐÉÓØ <literal>tc=</literal> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
	      ÉÍÅÎÉ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × <filename>gettytab</filename></para>
	  </listitem>
	</itemizedlist>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ FreeBSD ÎÅ ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÅÔ ÎÁ Ú×ÏÎÏË, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÏÔ×ÅÔÁ ÎÁ Ú×ÏÎÏË ÐÒÉ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÉ
	  <acronym>DTR</acronym>.  åÓÌÉ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ,
	  ÞÔÏ <acronym>DTR</acronym> ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ, ×ÚÇÌÑÎÕ× ÎÁ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒÙ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍÁ (ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÅÓÔØ).</para>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÌÉ ×ÓÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÚ É ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÄÏÂÉÌÉÓØ
	  ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÁ, ÓÄÅÌÁÊÔÅ ÐÅÒÅÒÙ× É ×ÅÒÎÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÍ ÐÏÚÖÅ.
	  åÓÌÉ ÏÐÑÔØ ÎÉÞÅÇÏ ÎÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÌÏÓØ, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	  ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ÐÉÓØÍÏ × &a.questions;, ÏÐÉÓÁ× ÍÏÄÅÍ
	  É ×ÏÚÎÉËÛÕÀ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÕ, ÕÞÁÓÔÎÉËÉ ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÀÔ ÐÏÍÏÞØ
	  ×ÁÍ.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="dialout">
    <title>éÓÈÏÄÑÝÉÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÍÏÄÅÍÕ</title>
    <indexterm><primary>ÉÓÈÏÄÑÝÉÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ</primary></indexterm>

    <para>ôÅËÓÔ, ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÎÙÊ ÎÉÖÅ, ÜÔÏ ÓÏ×ÅÔÙ, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ×ÁÛ
      ÈÏÓÔ ÄÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÍÏÄÅÍ.  ïÎÉ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÔ
      ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓÅÓÓÉÉ Ó ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÍ ÈÏÓÔÏÍ.</para>

    <para>üÔÏ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ ÄÌÑ ×ÈÏÄÁ ÎÁ BBS.</para>

    <para>üÔÏÔ ×ÉÄ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÏÞÅÎØ ×ÙÒÕÞÉÔØ, ÅÓÌÉ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
      ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÆÁÊÌ ÉÚ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ É ÅÓÔØ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ Ó PPP.  åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ
      ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÚÁÊÔÉ ËÕÄÁ-ÔÏ ÐÏ FTP, Á PPP ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
      ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÕÀ ÓÅÓÓÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÏ FTP.  úÁÔÅÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
      zmodem ÄÌÑ ÓÂÒÏÓÁ ÅÇÏ ÎÁ Ó×ÏÊ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ.</para>

    <sect2>
      <title>íÏÊ ÍÏÄÅÍ Stock Hayes ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ Ñ ÍÏÇÕ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ?</title>

      <para>îÁ ÓÁÍÏÍ ÄÅÌÅ, ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á ÄÌÑ <command>tip</command>
	ÕÓÔÁÒÅÌÁ.  ÷ÓÔÒÏÅÎÎÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ generic Hayes ÕÖÅ ÅÓÔØ. éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
	<literal>at=hayes</literal> × ÆÁÊÌÅ
	<filename>/etc/remote</filename>.</para>

      <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ Hayes ÎÅ ÕÍÅÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÍÉ
	×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÑÍÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÍÏÄÅÍÏ× &mdash; ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ×ÒÏÄÅ
	<literal>BUSY</literal>, <literal>NO DIALTONE</literal>, ÉÌÉ
	<literal>CONNECT 115200</literal>.  ÷Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÏÔËÌÀÞÉÔØ
	ÜÔÉ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ <command>tip</command> (Ó
	ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <command>ATX0&amp;W</command>).</para>

      <para>ôÁÊÍÁÕÔ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ ÄÌÑ <command>tip</command> ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ 60 ÓÅËÕÎÄ.
	÷ÁÛ ÍÏÄÅÍ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÍÅÎØÛÅÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ, ÉÌÉ <command>tip</command>
	ÒÅÛÉÔ, ÞÔÏ ×ÏÚÎÉËÌÉ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ ÓÏ Ó×ÑÚØÀ.  ðÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ
	<command>ATS7=45&amp;W</command>.</para>

      <note>
	<para>ïÒÉÇÉÎÁÌØÎÁÑ <command>tip</command> ÎÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
	  ÍÏÄÅÍÙ Hayes.  òÅÛÉÔØ ÜÔÏ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÕ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÏÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×Á× ÆÁÊÌ
	  <filename>tipconf.h</filename> × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
	  <filename>/usr/src/usr.bin/tip/tip</filename>.  ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ
	  ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÔÅËÓÔÙ.</para>

	<para>úÁÍÅÎÉÔÅ ÓÔÒÏËÕ <literal>#define HAYES 0</literal> ÎÁ
	  <literal>#define HAYES 1</literal>.  úÁÔÅÍ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ
	  <command>make</command> É <command>make install</command>.  ðÏÓÌÅ
	  ÜÔÏÇÏ ×ÓÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÏÔÌÉÞÎÏ.</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="direct-at">
      <title>ëÁË ÎÕÖÎÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ AT?</title>

      <indexterm>
	<primary><filename>/etc/remote</filename></primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>óÄÅÌÁÊÔÅ ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ <quote>ÐÒÑÍÏÊ</quote> ÚÁÐÉÓØÀ ×
	ÆÁÊÌÅ <filename>/etc/remote</filename>.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ÍÏÄÅÍ
	ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ Ë ÐÅÒ×ÏÍÕ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÒÔÕ,
	<filename>/dev/cuad0</filename>, ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ:</para>

      <programlisting>cuad0:dv=/dev/cuad0:br#19200:pa=none</programlisting>

      <para>éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÄÌÑ br ÎÁÉÂÏÌØÛÅÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ bps, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÅ
	ÍÏÄÅÍÏÍ.  äÌÑ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ Ë ÍÏÄÅÍÕ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ
	<command>tip cuad0</command>.</para>

      <para>éÌÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ <command>cu</command> ÐÏÄ
	<username>root</username> ÔÁË:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cu -l<replaceable>line</replaceable> -s<replaceable>speed</replaceable></userinput></screen>

      <para><replaceable>line</replaceable> ÜÔÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ
	(ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <filename>/dev/cuad0</filename>), Á
	<replaceable>speed</replaceable> ÜÔÏ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ
	(ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <literal>57600</literal>).  ðÏÓÌÅ ××ÏÄÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄ AT
	ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ <keycap>~.</keycap> ÄÌÑ ×ÙÈÏÄÁ.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>úÎÁË <literal>@</literal> ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÄÌÑ pn!</title>

      <para>úÎÁË <literal>@</literal> × ÔÅÌÅÆÏÎÎÏÍ ÎÏÍÅÒÅ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ
	<command>tip</command> ×ÚÑÔØ ÔÅÌÅÆÏÎÎÙÊ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÉÚ
	<filename>/etc/phones</filename>.  îÏ ÚÎÁË <literal>@</literal>
	ÜÔÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÊ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ × ÔÁËÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÁÈ ËÁË
	<filename>/etc/remote</filename>.  üËÒÁÎÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÅÇÏ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
	ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏÊ ËÏÓÏÊ ÞÅÒÔÙ:</para>

      <programlisting>pn=\@</programlisting>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>ëÁË Ñ ÍÏÇÕ ÐÏÚ×ÏÎÉÔØ ÐÏ ÔÅÌÅÆÏÎÎÏÍÕ ÎÏÍÅÒÕ ÉÚ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ
	ÓÔÒÏËÉ?</title>

      <para>ðÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ ÔÁË ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÍÕÀ <quote>generic</quote> ÚÁÐÉÓØ × ÆÁÊÌ
	<filename>/etc/remote</filename>.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</para>

      <programlisting>tip115200|Dial any phone number at 115200 bps:\
        :dv=/dev/cuad0:br#115200:at=hayes:pa=none:du:
tip57600|Dial any phone number at 57600 bps:\
        :dv=/dev/cuad0:br#57600:at=hayes:pa=none:du:</programlisting>

      <para>úÁÔÅÍ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>tip -115200 5551234</userinput></screen>

      <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÉÔÁÅÔÅ <command>cu</command> ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ
	<command>tip</command>, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ generic ÚÁÐÉÓØ ÄÌÑ
	<literal>cu</literal>:</para>

      <programlisting>cu115200|Use cu to dial any number at 115200bps:\
        :dv=/dev/cuad1:br#57600:at=hayes:pa=none:du:</programlisting>

      <para>É ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ:</para>

      <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cu 5551234 -s 115200</userinput></screen>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>äÏÌÖÅÎ ÌÉ Ñ ××ÏÄÉÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ bps ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÒÁÚ?</title>

      <para>óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÚÁÐÉÓØ <literal>tip1200</literal> ÉÌÉ
	<literal>cu1200</literal>, ÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ bps, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ
	ÚÁÐÉÓÁÎÏ × ÐÏÌÅ br.  <command>tip</command> ÓÞÉÔÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÈÏÒÏÛÅÅ
	ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÜÔÏ 1200&nbsp;bps, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÅÔÓÑ Ë
	ÚÁÐÉÓÉ <literal>tip1200</literal>.  ôÅÍ ÎÅ ÍÅÎÅÅ, ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ bps
	ÂÕÄÅÔ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>ñ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÀ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ËÏ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Õ ÈÏÓÔÏ× ÞÅÒÅÚ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÙÊ
	ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ</title>

      <para>÷ÍÅÓÔÏ ÏÖÉÄÁÎÉÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ É ××ÏÄÁ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÒÁÚ
	<command>CONNECT &lt;host&gt;</command>, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ
	<command>tip</command> <literal>cm</literal>.  ÷ÏÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ×
	<filename>/etc/remote</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>pain|pain.deep13.com|Forrester's machine:\
        :cm=CONNECT pain\n:tc=deep13:
muffin|muffin.deep13.com|Frank's machine:\
        :cm=CONNECT muffin\n:tc=deep13:
deep13:Gizmonics Institute terminal server:\
        :dv=/dev/cuad2:br#38400:at=hayes:du:pa=none:pn=5551234:</programlisting>

      <para>ïÎÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔ ×ÁÍ ××ÏÄÉÔØ <command>tip pain</command> ÉÌÉ
	<command>tip muffin</command> ÄÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ Ó ÈÏÓÔÁÍÉ pain ÉÌÉ
	muffin, É <command>tip deep13</command> ÄÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÍÕ
	ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>íÏÖÅÔ ÌÉ tip ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÔØÓÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÏÄÎÕ ÌÉÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ
	ÓÁÊÔÁ?</title>

      <para>üÔÁ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ ÞÁÓÔÏ ×ÏÚÎÉËÁÅÔ × ÕÎÉ×ÅÒÓÉÔÅÔÅ, ÇÄÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ
	ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÈ ÌÉÎÉÊ É ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÔÙÓÑÞ ÓÔÕÄÅÎÔÏ×, ÐÙÔÁÀÝÉÈÓÑ ÉÈ
	ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ.</para>

      <para>óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÚÁÐÉÓØ ÄÌÑ ÕÎÉ×ÅÒÓÉÔÅÔÁ ×
	<filename>/etc/remote</filename> É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ <literal>@</literal>
	ÄÌÑ <literal>pn</literal>:</para>

      <programlisting>big-university:\
        :pn=\@:tc=dialout
dialout:\
        :dv=/dev/cuad3:br#9600:at=courier:du:pa=none:</programlisting>

      <para>úÁÔÅÍ, ÓÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÔÅÌÅÆÏÎÏ× ÄÌÑ ÕÎÉ×ÅÒÓÉÔÅÔÁ ×
	<filename>/etc/phones</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>big-university 5551111
big-university 5551112
big-university 5551113
big-university 5551114</programlisting>

      <para><command>tip</command> ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÅÔ Ó×ÑÚÁÔØÓÑ Ó ËÁÖÄÙÍ × ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÍ
	ÐÏÒÑÄËÅ, ÚÁÔÅÍ ÐÒÅËÒÁÔÉÔ ÐÏÐÙÔËÉ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÔØ
	ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÔØÓÑ, ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ <command>tip</command> × ÃÉËÌÅ.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>ðÏÞÅÍÕ Ñ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ Ä×ÁÖÄÙ ÎÁÖÁÔØ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
	  <keycap>P</keycap>
	</keycombo>
	ÄÌÑ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
	  <keycap>P</keycap>
	</keycombo>
	ÏÄÉÎ ÒÁÚ?</title>

      <para><keycombo action="simul"><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>P</keycap></keycombo>
	ÜÔÏ <quote>ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÊ</quote> ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÊ
	ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ <command>tip</command> ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÄÁÌÅÅ ÉÄÕÔ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ
	ÄÁÎÎÙÅ.  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÍ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
	ÜËÒÁÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <command>~s</command>, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ
	<quote>ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ</quote>.</para>

      <para>÷×ÅÄÉÔÅ
	<command>~sforce=<replaceable>single-char</replaceable></command>,
	ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉ× ××ÏÄ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÏÊ.  <replaceable>single-char</replaceable>
	ÜÔÏ ÌÀÂÏÊ ÏÄÉÎÏÞÎÙÊ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ××ÅÄÅÔÅ
	<replaceable>single-char</replaceable>, ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÍ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏÍ ÓÔÁÎÅÔ
	nul, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ, ××ÅÄÑ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>2</keycap>
	</keycombo>
	ÉÌÉ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Space</keycap>
	</keycombo>.
	èÏÒÏÛÅÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ <replaceable>single-char</replaceable> ÜÔÏ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Shift</keycap>
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
	  <keycap>6</keycap>
	</keycombo>, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÙÈ
	ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÈ.</para>

      <para>÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÅÇÏ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÁ ×ÓÅ, ÞÔÏ
	ÚÁÈÏÔÉÔÅ, ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉ× ÅÇÏ × ÆÁÊÌ
	<filename>&#36;HOME/.tiprc</filename>:</para>

      <programlisting>force=&lt;single-char&gt;</programlisting>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>ðÏÞÅÍÕ ×ÓÅ, ÞÔÏ Ñ ××ÏÖÕ, ×ÄÒÕÇ ÓÔÁÌÏ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÔØÓÑ × ×ÅÒÈÎÅÍ
	ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÅ??</title>

      <para>÷Ù ÎÁÖÁÌÉ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>
	  <keycap>A</keycap>
	</keycombo>, <quote>ÐÏ×ÙÛÁÀÝÉÊ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ</quote> <command>tip</command>,
	ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÂÙÌ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ××ÅÄÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÈ, Õ ËÏÇÏ ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÁ
	caps-lock.  éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ <command>~s</command> ËÁË × ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ×ÙÛÅ
	ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <literal>raisechar</literal> × ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÅÅ
	ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ.  æÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÅÅ × ÔÏ ÖÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ
	É ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÊ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌ, ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅ ÓÏÂÉÒÁÅÔÅÓØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÉ ÏÄÉÎ ÉÚ
	ÎÉÈ.</para>

      <para>÷ÏÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ .tiprc, ÏÔÌÉÞÎÏ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ
	<application>Emacs</application>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ××ÏÄÉÔØ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>2</keycap>
	</keycombo>
	É
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>A</keycap>
	</keycombo>:</para>

      <programlisting>force=^^
raisechar=^^</programlisting>

      <para>óÉÍ×ÏÌ ^^ ÜÔÏ
	<keycombo action="simul">
	  <keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>6</keycap>
	</keycombo>.</para>

    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÐÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <command>tip</command>?</title>

      <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÏÅÄÉÎÑÅÔÅÓØ Ó ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ &unix;, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÁ
	É ÐÒÉÅÍ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <command>~p</command> (put) É
	<command>~t</command> (take).  üÔÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÀÔ
	<command>cat</command> É <command>echo</command> × ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ
	ÄÌÑ ÐÒÉÅÍÁ É ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×.  óÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ:</para>

      <cmdsynopsis>
	<command>~p</command>
	<arg choice="plain">local-file</arg>
	<arg choice="opt">remote-file</arg>
      </cmdsynopsis>

      <cmdsynopsis>
	<command>~t</command>
	<arg choice="plain">remote-file</arg>
	<arg choice="opt">local-file</arg>
      </cmdsynopsis>

      <para>ëÏÒÒÅËÃÉÉ ÏÛÉÂÏË ÎÅÔ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ
	ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ zmodem.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2>
      <title>ëÁË ÍÎÅ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ zmodem Ó <command>tip</command>?</title>

      <para>äÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÕÀ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÎÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ
	ÓÔÏÒÏÎÅ.  úÁÔÅÍ, ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ <command>~C rz</command> ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ
	ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÉÅÍÁ ÆÁÊÌÁ.</para>

      <para>äÌÑ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÀÝÕÀ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÎÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ
	ÓÔÏÒÏÎÅ.  úÁÔÅÍ, ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ
	<command>~C sz <replaceable>ÆÁÊÌÙ</replaceable></command> ÄÌÑ
	ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÉÈ ÎÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ.</para>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="serialconsole-setup">
    <sect1info>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Kazutaka</firstname>
	  <surname>YOKOTA</surname>
	  <contrib>ðÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÉÌ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
      <authorgroup>
	<author>
	  <firstname>Bill</firstname>
	  <surname>Paul</surname>
	  <contrib>ïÒÉÇÉÎÁÌØÎÙÊ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÌ </contrib>
	</author>
      </authorgroup>
    </sect1info>
    <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</title>
    <indexterm><primary>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ</primary></indexterm>

    <sect2 id="serialconsole-intro">
      <title>÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</title>

      <para>FreeBSD ÍÏÖÅÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÔØÓÑ ÐÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
	ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÏÇÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ.  ôÁËÁÑ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ
	ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÁ × Ä×ÕÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ: ÄÌÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÏ×,
	ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÝÉÈ FreeBSD ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ ÂÅÚ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÈ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ
	ÉÌÉ ÍÏÎÉÔÏÒÁ, É ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ×, ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÏÔÌÁÄËÕ ÑÄÒÁ ÉÌÉ
	ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×.</para>

      <para>ëÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × <xref linkend="boot">, ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ FreeBSD
	ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ÉÚ ÔÒÅÈ ÓÔÁÄÉÊ.  ðÅÒ×ÙÅ Ä×Å ÓÔÁÄÉÉ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ × ÂÌÏËÅ
	ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÅÍÓÑ × ÎÁÞÁÌÅ ÓÌÁÊÓÁ FreeBSD ÎÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÍ
	ÄÉÓËÅ.  îÁ ÔÒÅÔÅÊ ÓÔÁÄÉÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË
	(<filename>/boot/loader</filename>).</para>

      <para>äÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ
	ÂÌÏË ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË É ÑÄÒÏ.</para>

    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="serialconsole-howto-fast">
      <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ, ËÒÁÔËÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ</title>

      <para>÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ
	ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
	É ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ËÒÁÔËÉÊ ÏÂÚÏÒ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ
	ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.</para>

      <procedure>

	<step>
	  <para>óÏÅÄÉÎÉÔÅ ËÁÂÅÌÅÍ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ COM1 É ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÉÊ
	    ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>äÌÑ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ × ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÌÉÓØ
	    × ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ ÏÔ ÉÍÅÎÉ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ
	    ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ</para>
	  <screen>&prompt.root; echo 'console="comconsole"' &gt;&gt; /boot/loader.conf</screen>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>ïÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÕÊÔÅ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> É ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔÅ
	    <literal>off</literal> ÎÁ <literal>on</literal> É
	    <literal>dialup</literal> ÎÁ <literal>vt100</literal> ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ
	    <literal>ttyd0</literal>.  ÷ ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÄÌÑ ×ÈÏÄÁ Ó
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÁÒÏÌØ, ÞÔÏ
	    ÍÏÖÅÔ Ñ×ÌÑÔØÓÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÏÊ Ó ÔÏÞËÉ ÚÒÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>ðÅÒÅÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ É ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ
	    ËÏÎÓÏÌØ ÁËÔÉ×ÉÒÏ×ÁÌÁÓØ.</para>
	</step>

      </procedure>

      <para>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÎÁÑ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÂÏÌÅÅ
	ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÍÕ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÉÀ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ
	<xref linkend="serialconsole-howto">.</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="serialconsole-howto">
      <title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</title>

      <procedure>
	<step>
	  <para>ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ØÔÅ ËÁÂÅÌØ.</para>

	  <indexterm><primary>ÎÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ</primary></indexterm>
	  <para>÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ÉÌÉ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ É ÎÕÌØ-ÍÏÄÅÍÎÙÊ ÁÄÁÐÔÅÒ.  ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë
	    <xref linkend="serial-cables-ports">, ÇÄÅ ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ËÁÂÅÌÉ.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>ïÔËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ.</para>

	  <para>âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓÉÓÔÅÍ PC ÔÅÓÔÉÒÕÀÔ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ
	    (POST) É ×ÙÄÁÀÔ ÏÛÉÂËÕ ÅÓÌÉ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÎÅ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÁ.  îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
	    ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÐÒÉ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÉÉ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ ×ÙÄÁÀÔ Ú×ÕËÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ É ÎÅ
	    ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÏËÁ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÁ.</para>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÔ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÅ, ÎÏ ×ÓÅ ÖÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ,
	    ×ÁÍ ÎÅ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÅÌÁÔØ ÞÔÏ-ÔÏ ÅÝÅ.  (îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ
	    Ó Phoenix BIOS ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÀÔ <errorname>Keyboard
	    failed</errorname> É ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÀÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ).</para>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ ÎÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÂÅÚ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	    ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ BIOS ÔÁË, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÉÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÌÏÓØ
	    (ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ).  ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÒÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Õ ÐÏ ÍÁÔÅÒÉÎÓËÏÊ
	    ÐÌÁÔÅ ÚÁ ÄÅÔÁÌÑÍÉ Ï ÔÏÍ, ËÁË ÜÔÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ.</para>

	  <tip>
	    <para>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ × ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÈ BIOS × ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ
	      <quote>Not installed</quote>.  ðÒÉ ÜÔÏÍ ×Ù ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÔØ
	      ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ.  ÷ÓÅ, ÞÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÜÔÏÔ
	      ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ &mdash; ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ BIOS ÎÅ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ ×Ï
	      ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÅÅ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÉÅ ÎÅ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÏÛÉÂËÉ.
	      ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÏÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ, ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ Ó ÆÌÁÇÏÍ
	      <quote>Not installed</quote>, É ÏÎÁ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ
	      ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ.</para>
	  </tip>

	  <note>
	    <para>åÓÌÉ × Ë ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÁ &ps2; ÍÙÛØ, ÏÔËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ÅÅ, ËÁË
	      É ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ.  íÙÛØ &ps2; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÞÁÓÔØ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
	      ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ Ó ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÏÊ, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÅÓÌÉ ÏÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÅÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ,
	      ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÏÛÉÂÏÞÎÏ ×ÙÄÁÔØ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÅ
	      ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÊ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ Gateway 2000 Pentium 90&nbsp;MHz
	      ×ÅÄÅÔ ÓÅÂÑ ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÔÁË.  ë ÔÏÍÕ ÖÅ, ÜÔÏ ÎÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
	      ÍÙÛØ ÂÅÚ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ ËÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ ÎÅ ÎÕÖÎÁ.</para>
	  </note>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>ðÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÊ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ Ë <devicename>COM1</devicename>
	    (<devicename>sio0</devicename>).</para>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÎÅÔ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÏÇÏ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÊ PC/XT
	    Ó ÍÏÄÅÍÎÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ, ÉÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ
	    ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ &unix;.  åÓÌÉ ÐÏÒÔÁ <devicename>COM1</devicename>
	    (<devicename>sio0</devicename>) ÎÅÔ, ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ÅÇÏ.  îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ
	    ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÎÅÔ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÐÏÒÔ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
	    <devicename>COM1</devicename> ÂÅÚ ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ
	    ÂÌÏËÏ×.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÖÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ <devicename>COM1</devicename>
	    ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á, ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ ÕÄÁÌÉÔÅ ÜÔÏ
	    ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË É ÑÄÒÏ ËÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ
	    FreeBSD ÚÁÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ.  (ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ
	    <devicename>COM1</devicename> ÂÕÄÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÎÁ
	    ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÍ/×ÙÞÉÓÌÉÔÅÌØÎÏÍ/ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÍ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÅ × ÌÀÂÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ;
	    ÅÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ <devicename>COM1</devicename>
	    ÄÌÑ ÞÅÇÏ-ÔÏ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ (É ×Ù ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÜÔÏ ÎÁ
	    <devicename>COM2</devicename> (<devicename>sio1</devicename>)),
	    ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÅ ÓÔÏÉÔ ÂÅÓÐÏËÏÉÔØÓÑ Ï ÜÔÏÍ ÓÅÊÞÁÓ.)</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ × ÆÁÊÌÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÑÄÒÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ
	    ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÆÌÁÇÉ ÄÌÑ <devicename>COM1</devicename>
	    (<devicename>sio0</devicename>).</para>

	  <para>ðÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÅ ÆÌÁÇÉ ÔÁËÉÅ:</para>

	  <variablelist>
	    <varlistentry>
	      <term><literal>0x10</literal></term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>÷ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.  åÓÌÉ
		  ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÜÔÏÔ ÆÌÁÇ, ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ.  îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ
		  ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÎÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ
		  ÞÅÍ ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÍ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Å; ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÔÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ (×
		  ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó ÐÏÒÑÄËÏÍ × ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÅ) Ó
		  ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÆÌÁÇÁ.  üÔÁ ÏÐÃÉÑ ÓÁÍÁ ÐÏ ÓÅÂÅ ÎÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÅÔ
		  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ ËÏÎÓÏÌØÀ.  õÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ
		  ÆÌÁÇ ÉÌÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-h</option>,
		  ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÕÀ ÎÉÖÅ, ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÜÔÉÍ ÆÌÁÇÏÍ.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term><literal>0x20</literal></term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>÷ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÎÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Å (ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅÔ
		  ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ Ó ÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÙÓÏËÉÍ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔÏÍ), ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ
		  ÏÔ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÑ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÍÏÊ ÎÉÖÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ <option>-h</option>.
		  æÌÁÇ <literal>0x20</literal> ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ
		  Ó ÆÌÁÇÏÍ <option>0x10</option>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term><literal>0x40</literal></term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>òÅÚÅÒ×ÉÒÕÅÔ ÜÔÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï (ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ Ó ÆÌÁÇÏÍ
		  <literal>0x10</literal>) É ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ÎÅÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÍ
		  ÄÌÑ ÏÂÙÞÎÏÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ.  ÷Ù ÎÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
		  ÜÔÏÔ ÆÌÁÇ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ,
		  ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ
		  ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.  éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÜÔÏÔ ÆÌÁÇ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï
		  ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ ÑÄÒÁ.  ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ
		  Ë <ulink
		  url="&url.books.developers-handbook;/index.html">òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Õ
		  ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÏ×</ulink> ÚÁ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ
		  ÐÏ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÏÔÌÁÄËÅ.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>
	  </variablelist>

	  <para>ðÒÉÍÅÒ:</para>

	  <programlisting>device sio0 at isa? port IO_COM1 flags 0x10 irq 4</programlisting>

	  <para>ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.sio.4; ÚÁ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÓÔÑÍÉ.</para>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ ÆÌÁÇÉ ÎÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ
	    UserConfig (ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ) ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÓÏÂÒÁÔØ ÑÄÒÏ.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ <filename>boot.config</filename> × ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
	    ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ <literal>a</literal> ÎÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ.</para>

	  <para>üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÍÕ ÂÌÏËÕ ÓÐÏÓÏÂ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.
	    äÌÑ ÁËÔÉ×ÁÃÉÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÄÎÁ ÉÌÉ
	    ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÏÐÃÉÊ &mdash; ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÏÐÃÉÊ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ
	    ÕËÁÚÁÎÙ ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ:</para>

	  <variablelist>
	    <varlistentry>
	      <term><option>-h</option></term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÀÀ É ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ.  ÷Ù
		  ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÅÅ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.
		  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÐÒÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ Ó ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÊ (×ÉÄÅÏ) ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ, ×Ù
		  ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ <option>-h</option> ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ
		  ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ É ÑÄÒÁ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ
		  × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.  ðÒÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ Ó
		  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÐÃÉÀ
		  <option>-h</option> ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÕ É ÑÄÒÕ
		  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ×ÉÄÅÏ ÄÉÓÐÌÅÊ.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term><option>-D</option></term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>ðÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÏÄÎÏ- É Ä×ÕÈËÏÎÓÏÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ. ÷
		  ÏÄÎÏËÏÎÓÏÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÌÉÂÏ
		  ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÊ (×ÉÄÅÏ ÄÉÓÐÌÅÊ), ÌÉÂÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÐÏÒÔÏÍ,
		  × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÑ ÏÐÃÉÉ <option>-h</option>.
		  ÷ Ä×ÕÈËÏÎÓÏÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ É ×ÉÄÅÏ ÄÉÓÐÌÅÊ É
		  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ ÓÔÁÎÕÔ ËÏÎÓÏÌÑÍÉ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ,
		  ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ ÏÔ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÑ ÏÐÃÉÉ <option>-h</option>.
		  éÍÅÊÔÅ ××ÉÄÕ, ÞÔÏ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ Ó Ä×ÕÍÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌÑÍÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ
		  ÔÏÌØËÏ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ.  ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ
		  ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÉÔ Ë ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÕ, ÏÓÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÄÎÁ
		  ËÏÎÓÏÌØ, ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÁÑ ÏÐÃÉÅÊ <option>-h</option>.</para>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>

	    <varlistentry>
	      <term><option>-P</option></term>

	      <listitem>
		<para>õËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÍÕ ÂÌÏËÕ ÐÒÏÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ.
		  åÓÌÉ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ, Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ
		  ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ <option>-D</option> É
		  <option>-h</option>.</para>

		<note>
		  <para>ðÏ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÅ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÊ ÎÁ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ × ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ
		    ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ, ÏÐÃÉÑ <option>-P</option>
		    ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÏÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ.
		    ëÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ Ó ÍÅÎÅÅ ÞÅÍ 101 ËÌÁ×ÉÛÁÍÉ (É ÂÅÚ ËÌÁ×ÉÛ F11
		    É F12) ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÅ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÙ.  ëÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ
		    ÌÜÐÔÏÐÏ× ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÙ ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÑ.
		    åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÓÌÕÞÉÌÏÓØ, ×Ù ÎÅ ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÐÃÉÀ
		    <option>-P</option>.  ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ, ÎÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
		    ÏÂÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÐÕÔÉ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÑ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ.</para>
		</note>
	      </listitem>
	    </varlistentry>
	  </variablelist>

	  <para>éÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÉÌÉ ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-P</option> ÄÌÑ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ
	    ×ÙÂÏÒÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ, ÉÌÉ ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-h</option> ÄÌÑ ÁËÔÉ×ÁÃÉÉ
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.</para>

	  <para>÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ ×
	    &man.boot.8;.</para>

	  <para>ïÐÃÉÉ, ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ <option>-P</option>, ÂÕÄÕÔ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÎÙ
	    ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÕ (<filename>/boot/loader</filename>).  úÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË
	    ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÌÉ ËÏÎÓÏÌØÀ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÅ ×ÉÄÅÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ÉÌÉ
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉ× ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ
	    <option>-h</option>.  üÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ×
	    <filename>/boot.config</filename> ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-D</option>, ÎÏ
	    ÎÅ <option>-h</option>, ÔÏ ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ ÔÏÌØËÏ
	    ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ; ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË ÂÕÄÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
	    ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÅ ×ÉÄÅÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.</para>
	</step>

	<step>
	  <para>úÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ.</para>

	  <para>ëÏÇÄÁ ×Ù ×ËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ FreeBSD, ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË ×Ù×ÅÄÅÔ
	    ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ <filename>/boot.config</filename> ÎÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ.
	    îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</para>

	  <screen>/boot.config: -P
Keyboard: no</screen>

	  <para>÷ÔÏÒÁÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ
	    <option>-P</option> × <filename>/boot.config</filename> É
	    ÏÔÒÁÖÁÅÔ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÅ/ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÉÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ.  üÔÉ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ
	    ×Ù×ÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÌÉÂÏ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ, ÌÉÂÏ ÎÁ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÀÀ
	    ËÏÎÓÏÌØ, ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÏÂÅ, × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ×
	    <filename>/boot.config</filename>.</para>

	  <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="1">
	    <tgroup cols="2">
	      <thead>
		<row>
		  <entry align="left">ïÐÃÉÉ</entry>
		  <entry align="left">óÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ×Ù×ÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÎÁ</entry>
		</row>
	      </thead>

	      <tbody>
		<row>
		  <entry>ÎÅÔ</entry>
		  <entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><option>-h</option></entry>
		  <entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><option>-D</option></entry>
		  <entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><option>-Dh</option></entry>
		  <entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><option>-P</option>, ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ</entry>
		  <entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ</entry>
		</row>

		<row>
		  <entry><option>-P</option>, ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ</entry>
		  <entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ</entry>
		</row>
	      </tbody>
	    </tgroup>
	  </informaltable>

	  <para>ðÏÓÌÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ×ÙÛÅÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÎÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ, ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÁÑ
	    ÐÁÕÚÁ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË É ÎÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
	    ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ.  ÷ ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÅ
	    ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ × ÜÔÏÔ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ, ÎÏ ÜÔÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ
	    ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÂÅÄÉÔØÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ×ÓÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ.</para>

	  <para>îÁÖÍÉÔÅ ÎÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÌÀÂÕÀ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÕ ËÒÏÍÅ
	    <keycode>Enter</keycode> ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ.
	    úÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË ×ÙÄÁÓÔ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ Ë ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÉÍ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑÍ.
	    ïÎÏ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË:</para>

	  <screen>&gt;&gt; FreeBSD/i386 BOOT
Default: 0:ad(0,a)/boot/loader
boot:</screen>

	  <para>õÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ ×ÙÛÅ ÐÏÑ×ÉÌÏÓØ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ,
	    ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÏÂÅÉÈ, × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÏÐÃÉÊ ×
	    <filename>/boot.config</filename>.  åÓÌÉ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÑ×ÉÌÏÓØ ÔÁÍ,
	    ÇÄÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔØÓÑ, ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ <keycode>Enter</keycode> ÄÌÑ
	    ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ.</para>

	  <para>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ, ÎÏ ÎÁ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÅ ÎÅ
	    ×ÉÄÎÏ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ, ÜÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ Ó ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÍÉ.  ÷×ÅÄÉÔÅ
	    <option>-h</option> É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ Enter/Return (ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ) ÄÌÑ
	    ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÍÕ ÂÌÏËÕ (Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÕ É ÑÄÒÕ) ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ
	    ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.  ëÏÇÄÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ
	    ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÓÑ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÅÝÅ ÒÁÚ É ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ÂÙÌÏ
	    ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ.</para>
	</step>
      </procedure>

      <para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ É ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÁ × ÔÒÅÔØÀ ÓÔÁÄÉÀ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ
	ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ×Ù ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÉÔØÓÑ ÍÅÖÄÕ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌØÀ
	É ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌØÀ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ
	ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ × ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÅ.  ïÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÒÁÚÄÅÌÕ
	<xref linkend="serialconsole-loader">.</para>
    </sect2>

  <sect2 id="serialconsole-summary">
    <title>éÔÏÇÉ</title>

      <para>úÄÅÓØ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÙ ËÒÁÔËÉÅ ÉÔÏÇÉ ÐÏ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÍ,
	ÒÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÎÙÍ × ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ É ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÍÙÍ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó
	ÎÉÍÉ ËÏÎÓÏÌÑÍ.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>÷ÁÒÉÁÎÔ 1: ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ ÄÌÑ
	  <devicename>sio0</devicename> ÆÌÁÇÉ 0x10</title>

	<programlisting>device sio0 at isa? port IO_COM1 flags 0x10 irq 4</programlisting>

	<informaltable frame="none" pgwide="1">
	  <tgroup cols="4">
	    <thead>
	      <row>
		<entry align="left">ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ × /boot.config</entry>
		<entry align="left">ëÏÎÓÏÌØ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ</entry>
		<entry align="left">ëÏÎÓÏÌØ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ</entry>
		<entry align="left">ëÏÎÓÏÌØ ÄÌÑ ÑÄÒÁ</entry>
	      </row>
	    </thead>

	    <tbody>
	      <row>
		<entry>ÎÅÔ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-h</option></entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-D</option></entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-Dh</option></entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-P</option>, ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-P</option>, ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>
	    </tbody>
	  </tgroup>
	</informaltable>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>÷ÁÒÉÁÎÔ 2: ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ ÄÌÑ
	  <devicename>sio0</devicename> ÆÌÁÇÉ 0x30</title>

	<programlisting>device sio0 at isa? port IO_COM1 flags 0x30 irq 4</programlisting>

	<informaltable frame="none" pgwide="1">
	  <tgroup cols="4">
	    <thead>
	      <row>
		<entry align="left">ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ × /boot.config</entry>
		<entry align="left">ëÏÎÓÏÌØ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ</entry>
		<entry align="left">ëÏÎÓÏÌØ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ</entry>
		<entry align="left">ëÏÎÓÏÌØ ÄÌÑ ÑÄÒÁ</entry>
	      </row>
	    </thead>

	    <tbody>
	      <row>
		<entry>ÎÅÔ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-h</option></entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-D</option></entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-Dh</option></entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-P</option>, ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>

	      <row>
		<entry><option>-P</option>, ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÁ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÑÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
		<entry>ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ</entry>
	      </row>
	    </tbody>
	  </tgroup>
	</informaltable>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="serialconsole-tips">
      <title>ðÒÉÅÍÙ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌØÀ</title>

      <sect3>
	<title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÙÓÏËÏÊ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÒÔÁ</title>

	<para>ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎ ÔÁË: 9600 ÂÉÔ/Ó,
	  8 ÂÉÔ, ÂÅÚ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ, 1 ÓÔÏÐ ÂÉÔ.  åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ
	  ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÑ ËÁË ÍÉÎÉÍÕÍ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ
	  ÂÌÏËÏ×.  äÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ Ë
	  <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> É ÓËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÎÏ×ÙÊ
	  ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË:</para>

	<programlisting>BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=19200</programlisting>

	<para>ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë <xref linkend="serialconsole-com2"> ÚÁ
	  ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÙÍÉ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÑÍÉ ÐÏ ÓÂÏÒËÅ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ
	  ÂÌÏËÏ×.</para>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÅ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
	  ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ <option>-h</option>, ÉÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ,
	  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÁÑ ÑÄÒÏÍ, ÏÔÌÉÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÏÔ ÔÏÊ, ÞÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ
	  ÂÌÏËÏÍ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÏÐÃÉÉ Ë ÆÁÊÌÕ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÑÄÒÁ
	  É ÓÏÂÒÁÔØ ÎÏ×ÏÅ ÑÄÒÏ:</para>

	<programlisting>options CONSPEED=19200</programlisting>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="serialconsole-com2">
	<title>éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ
	  ×ÍÅÓÔÏ <devicename>sio0</devicename></title>

	<para>éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
	  <devicename>sio0</devicename> ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ËÏÅ-ËÁËÏÊ
	  ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏ ËÁËÉÍ-ÌÉÂÏ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÁÍ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
	  ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ, ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË,
	  ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË É ÑÄÒÏ ÓÏÇÌÁÓÎÏ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÎÏÊ ÎÉÖÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ.</para>

	<procedure>
	  <step>
	    <para>ðÏÌÕÞÉÔÅ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÅ ÔÅËÓÔÙ ÑÄÒÁ (ÇÌÁ×Á
	      <xref linkend="cutting-edge">)</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>ïÔÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÕÊÔÅ <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> É
	      ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ <literal>BOOT_COMCONSOLE_PORT</literal> ×
	      ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó ÁÄÒÅÓÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
	      (0x3F8, 0x2F8, 0x3E8 ÉÌÉ 0x2E8).  íÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÙ
	      ÔÏÌØËÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÏÔ <devicename>sio0</devicename> ÄÏ
	      <devicename>sio3</devicename> (ÏÔ <devicename>COM1</devicename>
	      ÄÏ <devicename>COM4</devicename>); ÍÕÌØÔÉÐÏÒÔÏ×ÙÅ
	      ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ËÁÒÔÙ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ.  õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ
	      ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÊ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÑÄÒÁ É ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ
	      ÆÌÁÇÉ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÒÔÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÌÁÎÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ,
	      ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
	      <devicename>sio1</devicename>
	      (<devicename>COM2</devicename>):</para>

	    <programlisting>device sio1 at isa? port IO_COM2 flags 0x10 irq 3</programlisting>

	    <para>ÉÌÉ</para>

	    <programlisting>device sio1 at isa? port IO_COM2 flags 0x30 irq 3</programlisting>

	    <para>æÌÁÇÉ ÄÌÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÎÅ
	      ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÊÔÅ.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>óÏÂÅÒÉÔÅ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË É
	      ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË:</para>

	    <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /sys/boot</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make clean</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>óÏÂÅÒÉÔÅ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÑÄÒÏ.</para>
	  </step>

	  <step>
	    <para>úÁÐÉÛÉÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË ÎÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÊ ÄÉÓË Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
	      &man.bsdlabel.8; É ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅÓØ Ó ÎÏ×ÙÍ ÑÄÒÏÍ.</para>
	  </step>
	</procedure>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="serialconsole-ddb">
	<title>÷ÈÏÄ × ÏÔÌÁÄÞÉË DDB Ó ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÌÉÎÉÉ</title>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ×ÏÊÔÉ × ÏÔÌÁÄÞÉË ÑÄÒÁ Ó ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
	  (ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉËÉ, ÎÏ ÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ××ÅÄÅÔÅ
	  ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÙÊ BREAK ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ!), ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
	  ÓÏÂÒÁÔØ ÑÄÒÏ ÓÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁÍÉ:</para>

	<programlisting>options BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER
options DDB</programlisting>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>ðÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</title>

	<para>èÏÔÑ ÜÔÏ ÎÅ ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ, ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ
	  <emphasis>login</emphasis> ÐÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÌÉÎÉÉ, × ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ
	  Ë ÕÖÅ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÍ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÍ É ÏÔÌÁÄÏÞÎÏÊ ÓÅÓÓÉÉ ÑÄÒÁ.
	  úÄÅÓØ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ ËÁË ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ.</para>

	<para>ïÔËÒÏÊÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
	  ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒÁ É ÎÁÊÄÉÔÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ:</para>

      <programlisting>ttyd0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown off secure
ttyd1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown off secure
ttyd2 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown off secure
ttyd3 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown off secure</programlisting>

	<para>óÔÒÏËÉ ÏÔ <literal>ttyd0</literal> ÄÏ <literal>ttyd3</literal>
	  ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÔ ÐÏÒÔÁÍ ÏÔ <devicename>COM1</devicename> ÄÏ
	  <devicename>COM4</devicename>.  éÚÍÅÎÉÔÅ <literal>off</literal> ÎÁ
	  <literal>on</literal> ÄÌÑ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÉ
	  ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ, ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ
	  <literal>std.9600</literal> ÄÌÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÑ ÔÅËÕÝÉÍ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÍ,
	  ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <literal>std.19200</literal>.</para>

	<para>÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ×Ù ÚÁÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÚÁÍÅÎÉÔØ ÔÉÐ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ
	  <literal>unknown</literal> ÎÁ ÔÉÐ ÒÅÁÌØÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÏÇÏ
	  ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.</para>

	<para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÒÅÄÁËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ
	  <command>kill -HUP 1</command> ÄÌÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="serialconsole-loader">
      <title>éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÉÚ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ</title>

      <para>ðÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÊ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÕ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
	ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅÍ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ.  üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ,
	ËÁË ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ, ××ÏÄÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ É ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ
	ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ.  ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ
	ÂÌÏËÁ, ÎÁ ÔÒÅÔØÅÊ ÓÔÁÄÉÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ, ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ
	ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ ÐÒÅ×ÁÌÉÒÕÀÔ ÎÁÄ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁÍÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ.</para>

      <sect3>
	<title>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</title>

	<para>÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÑÍÏ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÕ É ÑÄÒÕ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
	  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ, ÚÁÐÉÓÁ× ÏÄÎÕ ÓÔÒÏËÕ ×
	  <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename>:</para>

	<programlisting>set console="comconsole"</programlisting>

	<para>üÔÏ ÓÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ ÏÔ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ,
	  ÒÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÎÙÈ × ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ.</para>

	<para>ðÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ ÜÔÕ ÓÔÒÏËÕ × ÓÁÍÏÅ ÎÁÞÁÌÏ
	  <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename>, ÞÔÏÂÙ Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ÎÁ
	  ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ×ÓÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ.</para>

	<para>÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÀÀ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ:</para>

	<programlisting>set console="vidconsole"</programlisting>

	<para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ
	  <envar>console</envar>, ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ É ÑÄÒÏ ÂÕÄÕÔ
	  ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÕ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ
	  <option>-h</option> ÄÌÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ.</para>

	<para>÷ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ 3.2 ÉÌÉ ×ÙÛÅ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ ×
	  <filename>/boot/loader.conf.local</filename> ÉÌÉ
	  <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
	  <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename>.  ó ÜÔÉÍ ÍÅÔÏÄÏÍ
	  <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename> ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÅÔØ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ
	  ÔÁË:</para>

	<programlisting>include /boot/loader.4th
start</programlisting>

	<para>úÁÔÅÍ, ÓÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ <filename>/boot/loader.conf.local</filename> É
	  ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ ÔÕÄÁ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ.</para>

	<programlisting>console=comconsole</programlisting>

	<para>ÉÌÉ</para>

	<programlisting>console=vidconsole</programlisting>

	<para>ïÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë &man.loader.conf.5; ÚÁ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ
	  ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ.</para>

	<note>
	  <para>îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ Õ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ ÎÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ, ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÏÇÏ
	    ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÕ <option>-P</option> ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÂÌÏËÁ É ÎÅÔ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁ
	    Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÅÊ É ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
	    × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÑ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ.</para>
	</note>
      </sect3>

      <sect3>
	<title>éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÏÔÌÉÞÎÏÇÏ ÏÔ
	  <devicename>sio0</devicename> ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ</title>

	<para>÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉË ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
	  ÏÔÌÉÞÎÏÇÏ ÏÔ <devicename>sio0</devicename> ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÒÔÁ
	  × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.  óÌÅÄÕÊÔÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÅ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÏÊ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ
	  <xref linkend="serialconsole-com2">.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="serialconsole-caveats">
      <title>ðÒÅÄÏÓÔÅÒÅÖÅÎÉÑ</title>

      <para>éÄÅÑ × ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ
	ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÄÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÎÏÊ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ. ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ,
	ÈÏÔÑ ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÎÙ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ ÂÅÚ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ, ÅÓÔØ ÓÏ×ÓÅÍ
	ÎÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ, ÓÐÏÓÏÂÎÙÈ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ ÂÅÚ ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÁÄÁÐÔÅÒÁ.
	ëÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ Ó AMI BIOS ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÂÅÚ
	ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÁÄÁÐÔÅÒÁ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ CMOS
	<quote>graphics adapter</quote> × ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ <quote>Not
	installed</quote>.</para>

<!-- tip about installing AMI BIOS was removed from translation (dangerous) -->
      <para>ïÄÎÁËÏ, ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÜÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ É ÎÅ
	ÓÍÏÇÕÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ ÂÅÚ ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ.  äÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ
	ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏ× ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ ÌÀÂÕÀ
	ÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÕÀ ËÁÒÔÕ (ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÓÔÁÒÁÑ ÍÏÎÏ ËÁÒÔÁ),
	ÈÏÔÑ ÍÏÎÉÔÏÒ É ÎÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ.</para>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>
</chapter>

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