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<h1 class="TITLE"><a id="AEN2" name="AEN2">FreeBSD 5.4-STABLE ǨÒÆÖ¸ÄÏ</a></h1>

<div class="AUTHORGROUP"><a id="AEN4" name="AEN4"></a>
<h3 class="CORPAUTHOR">The FreeBSD Release Engineering Team</h3>
</div>

<p class="COPYRIGHT">°æȨ &copy; 2002, 2003, 2004 The FreeBSD Release Engineering
Team</p>

<p class="PUBDATE">$FreeBSD: src/release/doc/zh_CN.GB2312/early-adopter/article.sgml,v
1.1 2004/10/15 06:43:44 delphij Exp $<br />
</p>

<div class="LEGALNOTICE"><a id="TRADEMARKS" name="TRADEMARKS"></a>
<p>FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.</p>

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<p>Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their
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<div>
<div class="ABSTRACT"><a id="AEN23" name="AEN23"></a>
<p>ÕâƪÎÄÕ´ÓÓû§»ò¹ÜÀíÔ±µÄÊÓ½ÇÃèÊöÁË FreeBSD 4.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ºÍ
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FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> °æ±¾Öб»³ÆΪ ``Early Adopters
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</div>
</div>

<hr />
</div>

<div class="SECT1">
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="INTRO" name="INTRO">1 ½éÉÜ</a></h2>

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<div class="SECT1">
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µÄ˵Ã÷¡£ ͬÈκΠFreeBSD Éý¼¶Ò»Ñù£¬ ÔĶÁ·¢²¼ËµÃ÷ÒÔ¼°ÄǸö°æ±¾µÄ·¢Ðа濱Îó£¬
ÒÔ¼°ÔÚÔ´´úÂëÉý¼¶Ê±ÔĶÁ <tt class="FILENAME">src/UPDATING</tt> Îļþ¶¼ÊÇÖÁ¹ØÖØÒªµÄ¡£</p>

<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN272" name="AEN272">5.1 ʹÓÃÔ¤±àÒëµÄ°æ±¾Éý¼¶</a></h3>

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<p>׫д±¾ÎÄʱ£¬ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>
ÖÐʹÓÃÔ¤±àÒë°æ±¾Éý¼¶µÄÑ¡ÏûÓÐÕë¶Ô¿çÖ÷Òª°æ±¾µÄÉý¼¶½øÐÐÑϸñµÄ²âÊÔ¡£
²»ÍƼöÄúʹÓÃÕâ¸ö¹¦ÄÜ¡£</p>

<p>һЩ±ä»¯¶ÔÓÚÄÇЩʹÓÃÈíÅÌÒýµ¼ºÍ°²×° FreeBSD 4.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>
µÄÓû§À´ËµÏ൱Õñ·ÜÈËÐÄ¡£ °²×°ÈíÅÌ (µ±È»ÊÇÔÚÖ§³ÖËüÃǵÄƽ̨ÉÏ£¬ ÀýÈç i386)£¬
ÔÚ×éÖ¯½á¹¹ÉÏÓë¹ýÈ¥Ïà±È×÷ÁË´ó·ù¶È¸Ä½ø¡£ ÔÚ 4.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>
°æ±¾ÖУ¬ ÈíÅÌÖаüº¬Ò»¸öÖ»ÌṩÁË×ãÒÔ½«ÏµÍ³°²×°ÉϵŦÄܵÄÄںˡ£
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FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE ¿ªÊ¼£¬ °²×°ÈíÅÌÖÐÒ²²ÉÓÃÁ˱ê×¼µÄ <tt class="LITERAL">GENERIC</tt>
Äںˣ¬ Ëü±»Çзֳɶà¸öƬ¶Ï·ÅÔÚ¶àÕÅÈíÅÌÉÏ£¬ Òýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷»áÔÚÐèҪʱÌáʾ²åÈëÐèÒªµÄÆäËû´ÅÅÌ¡£
ÏÂÔØÈíÅ̾µÏñµÄÓû§ (¿ÉÄÜ×¼±¸½øÐÐÍøÂç°²×°) ÐèҪעÒâÆô¶¯ÈíÅÌÏÖÔÚ±ä³ÉÁËÈýÕÅ£º <tt
class="FILENAME">boot.flp</tt>£¬ <tt class="FILENAME">kern1.flp</tt>£¬ ÒÔ¼° <tt
class="FILENAME">kern2.flp</tt>¡£</p>

<p>ÔÚ i386 ¼Ü¹¹É쵀 CDROM ÏÖÔÚ²ÉÓÃÁË ``no-emulation'' Òýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷¡£ ³ýÁËÆäËûºÃ´¦Ö®Í⣬
ÕâÑùʹµÃÖ±½ÓʹÓà <tt class="LITERAL">GENERIC</tt>
Äں˶ø²»ÊÇÏÈÇ°°æ±¾ÖÐÈíÅ̾µÏñµÄÄǸöÏ÷¼õ¹ýµÄÄں˳ÉΪ¿ÉÄÜ¡£ Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ£¬ Äܹ»´Ó <span
class="TRADEMARK">Microsoft</span> <span
class="TRADEMARK">Windows&nbsp;NT</span>&reg;&nbsp;4, <span
class="TRADEMARK">Windows</span>&nbsp;2000, »ò <span
class="TRADEMARK">Windows</span>&nbsp;XP °²×° CDROM µÄ»úÆ÷Ó¦¸ÃÄܹ»ÕýȷʹÓà FreeBSD 5.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> CDROM¡£</p>
</div>

<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN295" name="AEN295">5.2 Ô´´úÂëÉý¼¶</a></h3>

<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>×¢Òâ:</b> Ðí¶àÓû§ºÍ¿ª·¢ÈËÔ±»á¾õµÃ±¸·ÝÈ«²¿Êý¾ÝºÍÅäÖÃÎļþ
(ÕâÊÇÔ¤·ÀÈκÎÒâÍâµÄºÃÏ°¹ß)£¬ Íê³ÉʹÓÃÔ¤±àÒë°æ±¾µÄÉý¼¶£¬ (ÀýÈç´Ó CDROM)£¬
È»ºó»Ö¸´Êý¾ÝÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¸ü·½±ãµÄ×ö·¨¡£ ÓëÔ´´úÂëÉý¼¶Ïà±È£¬ ÕâÖÖ·½Ê½²»ÐèÒª´¦Àí´ÅÅÌÉÏÒÅÁôµÄÎļþ£¬
²¢Ê¹µÃϵͳÄܹ»´ÓеÄÎļþϵͳ£¬ Èç UFS2 ÖÐÊÜÒæ¡£</p>

<p>²»ÊìϤ <tt class="LITERAL">buildworld</tt>/<tt class="LITERAL">installworld</tt>
¹ý³ÌµÄÓû§ÔÚÉý¼¶ FreeBSD µÄʱºò <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">²»</i></span>
Ó¦¸Ã³¢ÊÔÔ´´úÂëÉý¼¶£¬ ËûÃÇÓ¦¸Ã¿¼ÂÇʹÓÃÔ¤±àÒë°æ±¾µÄÉý¼¶¡£</p>
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<tt class="LITERAL">buildworld</tt>/<tt class="LITERAL">installworld</tt> À´Íê³ÉµÄ£¬
ͨ³£±»ÊìÁ·µÄ FreeBSD Óû§ÓÃÒÔ×·×Ù¿ª·¢·ÖÖ§ (ÀýÈç FreeBSD-STABLE »òÕß FreeBSD-CURRENT)¡£
Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ£¬ ÕâÒ»¹ý³ÌÒª±È´ÓÔ¤±àÒëµÄ°²×°°üÉý¼¶Â鷳һЩ£¬
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Ô´´úÂëÉý¼¶¶ÔÓÚÖ»ÄÜ´ÓÔ¶³Ì²Ù×Ý·þÎñÆ÷µÄ¹ÜÀíÔ±Ò²ÓÈΪÓÐÓà (ÒòΪÕâÖÖÇé¿öÎÞ·¨Ê¹Óð²×°½éÖÊ)¡£</p>

<p>Ò»¶¨Òª¼ÇµÃÔĶÁ <tt class="FILENAME">src/UPDATING</tt>¡£ ±êÌâΪ ``To upgrade in-place
from 4.x-stable to current'' µÄ²¿·Ö°üº¬ÁËÈçºÎÒ»²½Ò»²½µØ½øÐиüеĹý³Ì£¬
±ØÐëÑϸñµØ°´ÕÕËüÀ´²Ù×÷£¬ ¶ø²»Òª×ßijЩÓû§Å¼¶û»áÓÃµÄ ``½Ý¾¶''¡£
ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»¸ö´ø×¢Ê͵ÄÉý¼¶²½Öè¸ÅÊö£º</p>

<ol type="1">
<li>
<p>ÖÆ×÷±¸·Ý¡£</p>

<p>ÕâÒ»²½µÄÖØÒªÐÔ¾ø²»ÊÇ¿ä´óÆä´Ç¡£ ±¸·ÝËùÓÐÓû§Êý¾ÝºÍÅäÖÃÎļþ·Ç³£µÄÖØÒª¡£ ͨ¹ý <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">dump</span>(8)</span></a>
½øÐÐÁ㼶µÄת´¢ÊÇÒ»¸öÍê³ÉÕâÏ×÷µÄºÃ°ì·¨£¬ µ±È»£¬ Ò²»¹Óкܶà¿ÉÓõÄÆäËû·½·¨¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>È·±£ÓÐ 30MB µÄÊ£Óà´ÅÅÌ¿Õ¼äÔÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/</tt> ÎļþϵͳÉÏ¡£</p>

<p>FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ÐèҪʹÓÃ±È FreeBSD 4.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ¸ü¶àµÄ´ÅÅ̿ռ䡣 Èç¹û <tt class="FILENAME">/tmp</tt>
Ŀ¼ÊÇÔÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/</tt> ÎļþϵͳÉ쵀 (ÕâÊǷdz£³£¼ûµÄÇé¿ö)£¬
ɾ³ýÆäÖеÄËùÓÐÄÚÈݽ«»áÓÐÖúÓÚÊÍ·ÅËùÐèµÄ¿Õ¼ä¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>Èç¹ûÐèÒª£¬ ÐÞÕý <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/fstab</tt>¡£</p>

<p>ÕâÖ»Ó°Ïìµ½½ÏÀ쵀 FreeBSD/i386 ϵͳ¡£ ÕâЩϵͳ²ÉÓà MBR-·ç¸ñµÄ´ÅÅÌ slice£¬ FreeBSD
¹ýÈ¥Ö§³Ö ``¼æÈÝ slices''£¬ Ò²¾ÍÊÇ¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÐÎÈç <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/ad0a</tt> µÄÃû×Ö
(¶ø²»Ã÷È·Ö¸¶¨ slice µÄÃû×Ö)¡£ ÕâÒ»ÌØÐÔ²»ÔÙ±»Ö§³ÖÁË£» ´ÅÅÌ·ÖÇøµÄÃû×Ö±ØÐë·ûºÏÀàËÆ <tt
class="FILENAME">/dev/ad0s1a</tt> µÄÑù×Ó¡£ »»ÑÔÖ®£¬ ÏÖÔÚ´ÅÅÌ·ÖÇø±ØÐëÃ÷È·Ö¸¶¨´ÅÅÌÉ豸¡¢
slice ºÅ£¬ ÒÔ¼°·ÖÇø×Öĸ¡£</p>

<p>Çë×¢Òâ ``¼æÈÝ slices'' ´Ó FreeBSD 2.2.6-RELEASE ¿ªÊ¼ÒѾ­²»ÊÇĬÈϵÄÁË¡£
ÕâÒ»ÄÚÈÝÒ²²»ÊÊÓÃÓÚ FreeBSD/alpha£¬ »òʹÓà ``ΣÏÕ¶ÀÕ¼ (dangerously dediated)'' ģʽ¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ʹÓà <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cvs&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable"><span
 class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cvs</span>(1)</span></a>
»òÆäËûµÈ¼ÛµÄ¹¤¾ßÀ´»ñÈ¡ FreeBSD »ù±¾ÏµÍ³Ô´´úÂëµÄ¸±±¾ (<tt class="FILENAME">src/</tt>
Ä£¿é)¡£ Òª´Ó CVS ´úÂë¿âÌáÈ¡ 5.3-RELEASE£¬ ʹÓà <tt
class="LITERAL">RELENG_5_3_0_RELEASE</tt> tag¡£ Èç¹ûÏëµÃµ½ 5.3 ·¢ÐаæºÍ°²È«·ÖÖ§µÄ¸üУ¬
ʹÓà <tt class="LITERAL">RELENG_5_3</tt> tag¡£ ÒªÊÇÓà FreeBSD 5-STABLE ¿ª·¢·ÖÖ§£¬
ÔòÓ¦²ÉÓà <tt class="LITERAL">RELENG_5</tt> ·ÖÖ§ tag¡£ µ±Ê¹Óà CVS ÌáÈ¡´úÂëÊ÷ʱ£¬ ʹÓà CVS
µÄ <code class="OPTION">-P</code> ²ÎÊýºÜÓÐÓ㬠Ëü½«×Ô¶¯É¾³ý¿ÕµÄĿ¼¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>
ÐèÒªÔÚϵͳµÄ¿ÚÁîºÍÓû§×éÃèÊöÎļþÖÐÔö¼ÓһЩеÄÏ ÒÔÊÊÓ¦¸÷ÖÖϵͳ·þÎñµÄÐèÒª¡£
ÕâЩӦ¸ÃʹÓãº</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mergemaster -p</kbd>
</pre>

<p>À´°²×°¡£ ÕâÒ»²½ÖèÊDZØÐëµÄ£¬ Ëü½«È·±£ÏµÍ³ÖÐÓÐËùÐèµÄÓû§ºÍ×éÉí·Ý¡£</p>

<p>×¢ÒâÔÚ FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ÖУ¬ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nologin&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nologin</span>(8)</span></a>
¹¤¾ßµÄλÖÃ´Ó <tt class="FILENAME">/sbin/nologin</tt> ±ä³ÉÁË <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/sbin/nologin</tt>¡£ ÓÉÓÚÐí¶àαÓû§Ê¹Óà <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nologin&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nologin</span>(8)</span></a>
×÷ΪËüÃǵĵǼ shell£¬ ÕâÒ»±ä¶¯ÐèÒª¶Ô <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/passwd</tt>
½øÐиü¶àµÄÐ޸ġ£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>Áª±àÕû¸öϵͳËùÐèµÄÖ´ÐÐÎļþºÍ¿â£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd /usr/src</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make buildworld</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Èç¹û <code class="VARNAME">CPUTYPE</code> ÔÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/make.conf</tt>
ÖнøÐÐÁ˶¨Ò壬 ÔòÓ¦²ÉÓà <tt class="LITERAL">?=</tt> ²Ù×÷·û£¬ ÕâÑù <tt
class="LITERAL">buildworld</tt> ¹ý³ÌÄܹ»ÔÚÐèҪʱ²ÉÓÃÆäËûÉèÖá£</p>

<p>×¢Òâ <code class="VARNAME">MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX</code> ¾ø¶Ô <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">²»Äܹ»</i></span> ÔÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/make.conf</tt>
Öж¨Òå¡£</p>

<p>»ù±¾ÉÏ£¬ ¾ø´ó¶àÊý <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/make.conf</tt> Öж¨ÒåµÄ ``¿ª¹Ø''
¶¼Ó¦±»×¢Ê͵ô»òɾ³ý¡£ ÌرðÊÇ¿ÉÄÜ»áÓ°Ïì FreeBSD Áª±à»ò»ù±¾²Ù×÷µÄÄÇЩ£¬ ÀýÈç <code
class="VARNAME">NO_TOOLCHAIN</code>¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ʹÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁîÁª±à²¢°²×°ÐµÄÄںˣº</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make buildkernel</kbd>
</pre>

<p>×¢ÒâÄú±ØÐëʹÓà <tt class="LITERAL">buildkernel</tt> <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">make</span>(1)</span></a>
¶ÔÏóÀ´È·±£±àÒëµÄÄں˲ÉÓÃÁËÉÏÃæ <tt class="LITERAL">buildworld</tt> ¹ý³ÌÖÐÉú³ÉµÄ±àÒ빤¾ß¡£
ÊÖ¹¤Ê¹Óà <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=config&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">config</span>(8)</span></a>
À´´´½¨ÄÚºËÁª±àÇøÓò²¢³¢ÊÔÁª±àËü¿ÉÄܻ᲻Õý³£¡£</p>

<p>ËäÈ»Áª±à (ÒÔ¼°ÔÚ°²×°Ö®ºó) Ò»¸ö¶¨ÖƵÄÄÚºËÊÇ¿ÉÐеģ¬ µ«Ê¹Óà <tt
class="LITERAL">GENERIC</tt> Äں˲¢Ëæºó°²×°¶¨ÖƵÄÄÚºËÅäÖÃÄܹ»¹æ±Ü·çÏÕ¡£
µ±³¢ÊÔÊ״ζ¨ÖÆÄÚºËʱ£¬ Ç¿ÁÒ½¨Òé²ÉÓà FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> µÄ
<tt class="LITERAL">GENERIC</tt> ×÷Ϊģ°å£¬ ÒòΪ´óÁ¿µÄÉ豸ºÍÑ¡ÏîºÍ 4.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ÖÐÓÐÏ൱´óµÄ²»Í¬¡£ ÔÚÅäÖÃÎļþÖмÓÈë <tt
class="LITERAL">COMPAT_FREEBSD4</tt> ¶ÔÓڳɹ¦µÄÉý¼¶ÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ʹÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁîΪ ISA É豸ÅäÖÃÉ豸ÏßË÷Îļþ¡£ ÄúÐèҪʹÓÃÊʵ±µÄÓ²¼þ¼Ü¹¹Ãû³Æ (ÀýÈç <tt
class="LITERAL">i386</tt>) À´»»µô <tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>MACHINE</i></tt>¡£</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cp sys/<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>MACHINE</i></tt>/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints</kbd>
</pre>

<p>ËäȻ˵¿ÕµÄÉ豸ÏßË÷Îļþ¶ÔÓÚÏÖ´úµÄÓ²¼þÓ¦¸ÃÊÇ×ã¹»ÁË£¬ ISA ÏßË÷¶ÔÓÚÊÊÓö¨ÖÆµÄ ISA ·ÇPNP¿¨
(¿ÉÄÜ»¹ÐèÒª¶¨ÖƵÄÏßË÷) À´ËµÈÔÈ»ÊÇÐèÒªµÄ£¬ ÌرðÊÇÄÇЩûÓвÉÓà PNPBIOS µÄϵͳ£¬
»òÕßÈíÇýÎÞ·¨ÅäºÏ PNPBIOS ϵͳÕý³£¹¤×÷µÄ»úÆ÷ÉÏ¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁî°²×°ÐÂÄںˣº</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make installkernel</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Çë×¢Ò⾡¹Ü FreeBSD 4.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ÄÚºËĬÈϻᰲװ³É <tt
class="FILENAME">/kernel</tt>£¬ FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>
µÄÄں˻ᰲװµ½ <tt class="FILENAME">/boot/kernel/kernel</tt>¡£ ÔÚ 4.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ÖÐÄÚºËÄ£¿éÒ»°ãÊÇ°²×°µ½ <tt
class="FILENAME">/modules</tt> Ŀ¼£¬ ¶øÔÚ 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>
ÖÐËüÃǻᱻ°²×°µ½ <tt class="FILENAME">/boot/kernel</tt>¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ʹÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁîÀ´°²×° FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> Òýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd /usr/src/sys/boot</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make STRIP="" install</kbd>
</pre>

<p>ËäÈ»ÕâÒ»²½ÊÇ¿ÉÑ¡µÄ£¬ µ«Ç¿ÁÒ½¨ÒéÄúÕâô×ö¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>½ûÓõÚÈý·½Ä£¿é (ÀýÈçÓÃÓÚ VMware µÄÄÇЩ) ÒÔ±ÜÃâÓÉÓÚÄÚºË ABIs
»òÆäËû²»¼æÈÝËùÔì³ÉµÄ±ÀÀ£¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ÖØÐÂÒýµ¼½øÈëµ¥Óû§Ä£Ê½¡£ ´Ëʱ±ØÐëÖØÐÂÆô¶¯£¬
ÒòΪеÄÄÚºËÊÇÔËÐÐÐÂÁª±àºÃµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐòËù±ØÐëµÄ¡£
ÔÚµ¥Óû§Ä£Ê½Äܹ»¼«´óµØ¼õÉÙÔÚÆäËû³ÌÐòÕýÔÚÔËÐеÄͬʱ½øÐÐÉý¼¶Ëù¿ÉÄÜ´øÀ´µÄÎÊÌâ¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁîÀ´¹Ò½ÓÐèÒªµÄÎļþϵͳ£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">fsck -p</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mount -uw /</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mount -at ufs</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Çë×¢ÒâÖ´ÐÐ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fsck</span>(8)</span></a> ÊÇÉý¼¶µ½
FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> Ëù±ØÐëµÄ²½Ö裬
Ëü½«Ð޸ĴÅÅ̵ij¬¼¶¿éÖеÄͳ¼ÆÊý¾Ý¡£ Èç¹ûϵͳʱÖÓʹÓõÄÊDZ¾µØʱ¼ä¶ø·Ç UTC ʱ¼ä£¬
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<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">adjkerntz -i</kbd>
</pre>

<p>ÕâÒ»²½ÖУ¬ Äú¿ÉÄÜ»áÔÚ¿ØÖÆ̨ÉÏ¿´µ½ÕâÑùµÄÐÅÏ¢ (»áÓкܶà´Î)£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
WARNING: userland calling deprecated sysctl, please rebuild world
</pre>

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<li>
<p>ʹÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁîɾ³ý C++ Í·Îļþ£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">rm -rf /usr/include/g++</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Õ⽫·ÀÖ¹ÒÔºóµÄ±àÒë¹ý³Ì´íÎóµØʹÓà <b class="APPLICATION">GCC</b> 2.95 C++
±àÒëÆ÷¸½´øµÄ¾ÉµÄÍ·Îļþ¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>°²×°ÐµĿÉÖ´ÐÐÎļþºÍ¿âÒÔ¼°ÆäËûÊý¾Ý£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd /usr/src</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make installworld</kbd>
</pre>
</li>

<li>
<p>ÔÚÔËÐÐ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=named&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">named</span>(8)</span></a>
µÄϵͳÉÏ£¬ ËüµÄÅäÖÃÎļþÐèҪŲµ½ <tt class="FILENAME">/var/named</tt> µÄ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chroot&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">chroot</span>(8)</span></a>
ÇøÓòÖС£ Èç¹ûÔÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/var/named</tt> ÖÐÓÐÓÐÓõÄÎļþ£¬
ÔòÓ¦¸Ã½øÐб¸·Ý¡£</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd /etc</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mv named named.bak</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mkdir -p /var/named/etc/namedb</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">cp -Rp named.bak/* /var/named/etc/namedb</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Èç¹ûÅäÖÃÖÐʹÓÃÁËÉú³ÉµÄ <tt class="FILENAME">localhost</tt> Îļþ£¬
ÐèÒªÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁîÀ´ÖØÐÂÉú³ÉËüÃÇ£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd /var/named/etc/namedb</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">/bin/sh make-localhost</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">rm -f localhost-v6.rev localhost.rev</kbd>
</pre>
</li>

<li>
<p>ÔËÐÐÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁî¸üÐÂϵͳÅäÖÃÎļþ£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mergemaster -i</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Õâ²½²»ÊÇ¿ÉÑ¡µÄ¡£ ±ØÐëÈà <tt class="FILENAME">/etc</tt>
ÖеÄÆô¶¯½Å±¾ºÍÅäÖÃÎļþÓëеÄÄں˼°Óû§Ö´ÐÐÎļþÆ¥Åä¡£</p>

<p>ÔÚÖ´ÐÐÁË <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mergemaster&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-stable">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mergemaster</span>(8)</span></a>
Ö®ºó£¬ ×îºÃÊÇ¿´Ò»¿´ (²¢Êʵ±µØÐÞ¸Ä) <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/rc.conf</tt>¡£
Õâ¸öÎļþÖÐËù¶¨ÒåµÄÐí¶à±äÁ¿µÄĬÈÏÖµ·¢ÉúÁ˱仯£» ÌرðÊÇÐí¶àÔÚ 4.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ÖÐĬÈÏ¿ªÆôµÄ·þÎñÔÚ 5.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> Öв»ÔÙĬÈÏ¿ªÆôÁË¡£</p>
</li>

<li>
<p>ɾ³ýÒÅÁôµÄ <b class="APPLICATION">BIND 8</b> Îļþ£º</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">rm /usr/bin/dnskeygen /usr/bin/dnsquery</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">rm /usr/libexec/named-xfer</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">rm /usr/sbin/named.restart /usr/sbin/ndc</kbd>
</pre>
</li>

<li>
<p>ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯¡£</p>
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class="APPLICATION">Perl</b> ÏÖÔÚ²»ÔÙÊÇ»ù±¾ÏµÍ³µÄÒ»²¿·ÖÁË£¬ ÐèÒª´Ó Ports Collection
(¾ßÌåÀ´Ëµ£¬ <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/lang/perl5.8/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">lang/perl5.8</tt></a> port) »ò package °²×°¡£ °²×°Ö®ºó£¬ ËùÓÐÒÀÀµ <b
class="APPLICATION">Perl</b> µÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò¶¼Ó¦ÖØа²×°¡£</p>

<p>ÔËÐÐ FreeBSD 4.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> µÄ¿ÉÖ´ÐÐÎļþÐèҪһϵÁмæÈÝ¿â¡£
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href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/misc/compat4x/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">misc/compat4x</tt></a> package/port À´°²×°¡£</p>

<p>¾ÍÏñÇ°Ò»½ÚÖÐËùÌáµ½µÄÄÇÑù£¬ <b class="APPLICATION">Xorg</b> ÊÇϵͳÖÐĬÈ쵀 X Window
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class="APPLICATION">Xorg</b>£¬ Çë²Î¿¼ FreeBSD ÊÖ²áÖÐµÄ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-install.html"
target="_top">°²×° X11</a> Ò»½Ú¡£</p>
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</div>

<div class="SECT1">
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<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="SUMMARY" name="SUMMARY">6 ×ܽá</a></h2>

<p>ÕâƪÎĵµ½éÉÜÁË FreeBSD 5.<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> ÖÐ×îÖµµÃ×¢ÒâµÄÐÂÌØÐÔ£¬
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<h3 class="FOOTNOTES">±¸×¢</h3>

<table border="0" class="FOOTNOTES" width="100%">
<tr>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP" width="5%"><a id="FTN.AEN159" name="FTN.AEN159"
href="#AEN159"><span class="footnote">[1]</span></a></td>
<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP" width="95%">
<p>Ó¦µ±ËµÃ÷µÄÊÇÔÚ i386 ºÍ pc98 ÉÏÖ´ÐÐ <tt class="FILENAME">a.out</tt>
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Collection ÖеÄijЩ±àÒëÆ÷ (ÀýÈ磬 <a
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</td>
</tr>
</table>

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