Nana provides improved support for assertion checking and logging in C, C++ using GDB. In particular it provides: o Operations can be implemented directly in C or by generating debugger commands which do the checking and logging only if the application is run under the debugger. The debugger based calls require are very space efficient (0 or 1 bytes per call). o Support for checking real time constraints. o Support for assertion (invariant checking) including: + Space and time efficient (at least versus ) For example: assert(i>=0) uses 53 bytes on a i386 vs an optimised nana call which uses 10 bytes per call. + Checking can be turned on or off at compile or run time. + The action taken when an error is detected can be modified on a global and per/call basis. o Support for logging (printf style debugging) including: + Logging can be turned on and off at compile or run time. + Logging to files, processes or circular buffers in memory with optional time stamping. o Support for the quantifiers of predicate calculus (forall, exists). o Support for before and after state saving and checking (x, x').