The fuser utility shall write to stdout the process IDs of processes that have one or more named files open. For block and character special devices, all processes using files on that device are listed. A file is considered open by a process if it was explicitly opened, is the working directory, root directory, jail root directory, active executable text, kernel trace file for that process or controlling tty of the process. The fuser(1) utility is defined in IEEE Std 1003.1-2004 standard, but doesn't included in standard FreeBSD distribution. WWW: http://mbsd.msk.ru/stas/fuser.html