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.\" $Id: curs_add_wch.3x,v 1.14 2011/01/15 15:27:43 tom Exp $
.TH curs_add_wch 3X ""
.de bP
.IP \(bu 4
..
.SH NAME
\fBadd_wch\fP,
\fBwadd_wch\fP,
\fBmvadd_wch\fP,
\fBmvwadd_wch\fP,
\fBecho_wchar\fP,
\fBwecho_wchar\fP \- add a complex character and rendition to a \fBcurses\fR window, then advance the cursor
.SH SYNOPSIS
.PP
\fB#include <curses.h>\fP
.sp
.B "int add_wch( const cchar_t *\fIwch\fB );"
.br
.B "int wadd_wch( WINDOW *\fIwin\fP, const cchar_t *\fIwch\fB );"
.br
.B "int mvadd_wch( int \fIy\fP, int \fIx\fP, const cchar_t *\fIwch\fB );"
.br
.B "int mvwadd_wch( WINDOW *\fIwin\fP, int \fIy\fP, int \fIx\fP, const cchar_t *\fIwch\fB );"
.br
.B "int echo_wchar( const cchar_t *\fIwch\fB );"
.br
.B "int wecho_wchar( WINDOW *\fIwin\fP, const cchar_t *\fIwch\fB );"
.br
.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
The
\fBadd_wch\fP,
\fBwadd_wch\fP,
\fBmvadd_wch\fP, and
\fBmvwadd_wch\fP
functions put the complex character \fIwch\fP into the given
window at its current position,
which is then advanced.
These functions perform
wrapping and special-character processing as follows:
.bP
If \fIwch\fP refers to a spacing character,
then any previous character at that location is removed.
A new character specified by \fIwch\fP is
placed at that location with rendition specified by \fIwch\fP.
The cursor then advances to
the next spacing character on the screen.
.bP
If \fIwch\fP refers to a non-spacing character,
all previous characters at that location are preserved.
The non-spacing characters of \fIwch\fP
are added to the spacing complex character,
and the rendition specified by \fIwch\fP is ignored.
.bP
If the character part of \fIwch\fP is
a tab, newline, backspace or other control character,
the window is updated and the cursor moves as if \fBaddch\fR were called.
.PP
The \fBecho_wchar\fP
function is functionally equivalent to a call to
\fBadd_wch\fP
followed by a call to
\fBrefresh\fP.
Similarly, the
\fBwecho_wchar\fP
is functionally equivalent to a call to
\fBwadd_wch\fP
followed by a call to
\fBwrefresh\fP.
The knowledge
that only a single character is being output is taken into consideration and,
for non-control characters, a considerable performance gain might be seen
by using the *\fBecho\fP* functions instead of their equivalents.
.SS Line Graphics
Like \fBaddch\fP(3X),
\fBaddch_wch\fP accepts symbols which make it simple to draw lines and other
frequently used special characters.
These symbols correspond to the same VT100 line-drawing set as
\fBaddch\fP(3X).
.PP
.TS
l l l l
_ _ _ _
lw(1.5i) lw7 lw7 lw20.
\fIName\fR \fIUnicode\fP \fIDefault\fR \fIDescription\fR
WACS_BLOCK 0x25ae # solid square block
WACS_BOARD 0x2592 # board of squares
WACS_BTEE 0x2534 + bottom tee
WACS_BULLET 0x00b7 o bullet
WACS_CKBOARD 0x2592 : checker board (stipple)
WACS_DARROW 0x2193 v arrow pointing down
WACS_DEGREE 0x00b0 ' degree symbol
WACS_DIAMOND 0x25c6 + diamond
WACS_GEQUAL 0x2265 > greater-than-or-equal-to
WACS_HLINE 0x2500 \- horizontal line
WACS_LANTERN 0x2603 # lantern symbol
WACS_LARROW 0x2190 < arrow pointing left
WACS_LEQUAL 0x2264 < less-than-or-equal-to
WACS_LLCORNER 0x2514 + lower left-hand corner
WACS_LRCORNER 0x2518 + lower right-hand corner
WACS_LTEE 0x2524 + left tee
WACS_NEQUAL 0x2260 ! not-equal
WACS_PI 0x03c0 * greek pi
WACS_PLMINUS 0x00b1 # plus/minus
WACS_PLUS 0x253c + plus
WACS_RARROW 0x2192 > arrow pointing right
WACS_RTEE 0x251c + right tee
WACS_S1 0x23ba \- scan line 1
WACS_S3 0x23bb \- scan line 3
WACS_S7 0x23bc \- scan line 7
WACS_S9 0x23bd \&_ scan line 9
WACS_STERLING 0x00a3 f pound-sterling symbol
WACS_TTEE 0x252c + top tee
WACS_UARROW 0x2191 ^ arrow pointing up
WACS_ULCORNER 0x250c + upper left-hand corner
WACS_URCORNER 0x2510 + upper right-hand corner
WACS_VLINE 0x2502 | vertical line
.TE
.PP
The wide-character configuration of ncurses also defines symbols
for thick- and double-lines:
.PP
.TS
l l l l
_ _ _ _
lw(1.5i) lw7 lw7 lw20.
\fIName\fR \fIUnicode\fP \fIDefault\fR \fIDescription\fR
WACS_T_ULCORNER 0x250f + thick upper left corner
WACS_T_LLCORNER 0x2517 + thick lower left corner
WACS_T_URCORNER 0x2513 + thick upper right corner
WACS_T_LRCORNER 0x251b + thick lower right corner
WACS_T_LTEE 0x252b + thick tee pointing right
WACS_T_RTEE 0x2523 + thick tee pointing left
WACS_T_BTEE 0x253b + thick tee pointing up
WACS_T_TTEE 0x2533 + thick tee pointing down
WACS_T_HLINE 0x2501 - thick horizontal line
WACS_T_VLINE 0x2503 | thick vertical line
WACS_T_PLUS 0x254b + thick large plus or crossover
WACS_D_ULCORNER 0x2554 + double upper left corner
WACS_D_LLCORNER 0x255a + double lower left corner
WACS_D_URCORNER 0x2557 + double upper right corner
WACS_D_LRCORNER 0x255d + double lower right corner
WACS_D_RTEE 0x2563 + double tee pointing left
WACS_D_LTEE 0x2560 + double tee pointing right
WACS_D_BTEE 0x2569 + double tee pointing up
WACS_D_TTEE 0x2566 + double tee pointing down
WACS_D_HLINE 0x2550 - double horizontal line
WACS_D_VLINE 0x2551 | double vertical line
WACS_D_PLUS 0x256c + double large plus or crossover
.TE
.SH RETURN VALUES
.PP
All routines return the integer \fBERR\fR upon failure and \fBOK\fR on success.
.PP
Functions with a "mv" prefix first perform a cursor movement using
\fBwmove\fP, and return an error if the position is outside the window,
or if the window pointer is null.
.SH NOTES
.PP
Note that
\fBadd_wch\fP,
\fBmvadd_wch\fP,
\fBmvwadd_wch\fP, and
\fBecho_wchar\fP
may be macros.
.SH PORTABILITY
.PP
All of these functions are described in the XSI Curses standard, Issue 4.
The defaults specified for line-drawing characters apply in the POSIX locale.
.PP
X/Open Curses makes it clear that the WACS_ symbols should be defined as
a pointer to \fBcchar_t\fP data, e.g., in the discussion of \fBborder_set\fR.
A few implementations are problematic:
.bP
NetBSD curses defines the symbols as a \fBwchar_t\fP within a \fBcchar_t\fP.
.bP
HPUX curses equates some of the \fIACS_\fP symbols
to the analogous \fIWACS_\fP symbols as if the \fIACS_\fP symbols were
wide characters.
The misdefined symbols are the arrows
and other symbols which are not used for line-drawing.
.PP
X/Open Curses does not define symbols for thick- or double-lines.
SVr4 curses implementations defined their line-drawing symbols in
terms of intermediate symbols.
This implementation extends those symbols, providing new definitions
which are not in the SVr4 implementations.
.SH SEE ALSO
.PP
\fBcurses\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_addch\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_attr\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_clear\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_outopts\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_refresh\fR(3X),
\fBputwc\fR(3)
