aboutsummaryrefslogblamecommitdiff
path: root/tools/tools/netmap/pkt-gen.c
blob: 747bd9dde00b6d2c3d1eee18c57cd4fda06a6125 (plain) (tree)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021




























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































                                                                                        
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2011 Matteo Landi, Luigi Rizzo. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * $FreeBSD$
 * $Id: pkt-gen.c 9638 2011-11-07 18:07:43Z luigi $
 *
 * Example program to show how to build a multithreaded packet
 * source/sink using the netmap device.
 *
 * In this example we create a programmable number of threads
 * to take care of all the queues of the interface used to
 * send or receive traffic.
 *
 */

const char *default_payload="netmap pkt-gen Luigi Rizzo and Matteo Landi\n"
	"http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/ ";

#include <errno.h>
#include <pthread.h>	/* pthread_* */
#include <pthread_np.h>	/* pthread w/ affinity */
#include <signal.h>	/* signal */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>	/* strcmp */
#include <fcntl.h>	/* open */
#include <unistd.h>	/* close */
#include <ifaddrs.h>	/* getifaddrs */

#include <sys/mman.h>	/* PROT_* */
#include <sys/ioctl.h>	/* ioctl */
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>	/* sockaddr.. */
#include <arpa/inet.h>	/* ntohs */
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/cpuset.h>	/* cpu_set */
#include <sys/sysctl.h>	/* sysctl */
#include <sys/time.h>	/* timersub */

#include <net/ethernet.h>
#include <net/if.h>	/* ifreq */
#include <net/if_dl.h>	/* LLADDR */

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/udp.h>

#include <net/netmap.h>
#include <net/netmap_user.h>
#include <pcap/pcap.h>


static inline int min(int a, int b) { return a < b ? a : b; }

/* debug support */
#define D(format, ...)				\
	fprintf(stderr, "%s [%d] " format "\n", 	\
	__FUNCTION__, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__)

#ifndef EXPERIMENTAL
#define EXPERIMENTAL 0
#endif

int verbose = 0;
#define MAX_QUEUES 64	/* no need to limit */

#define SKIP_PAYLOAD 1 /* do not check payload. */

#if EXPERIMENTAL
/* Wrapper around `rdtsc' to take reliable timestamps flushing the pipeline */ 
#define netmap_rdtsc(t) \
	do { \
		u_int __regs[4];					\
									\
		do_cpuid(0, __regs);					\
		(t) = rdtsc();						\
	} while (0)

static __inline void
do_cpuid(u_int ax, u_int *p)
{
	__asm __volatile("cpuid"
			 : "=a" (p[0]), "=b" (p[1]), "=c" (p[2]), "=d" (p[3])
			 :  "0" (ax));
}

static __inline uint64_t
rdtsc(void)
{
	uint64_t rv;

	__asm __volatile("rdtsc" : "=A" (rv));
	return (rv);
}
#define MAX_SAMPLES 100000
#endif /* EXPERIMENTAL */


struct pkt {
	struct ether_header eh;
	struct ip ip;
	struct udphdr udp;
	uint8_t body[NETMAP_BUF_SIZE];
} __attribute__((__packed__));

/*
 * global arguments for all threads
 */
struct glob_arg {
	const char *src_ip;
	const char *dst_ip;
	const char *src_mac;
	const char *dst_mac;
	int pkt_size;
	int burst;
	int npackets;	/* total packets to send */
	int nthreads;
	int cpus;
	int use_pcap;
	pcap_t *p;
};

struct mystat {
	uint64_t containers[8];
};

/*
 * Arguments for a new thread. The same structure is used by
 * the source and the sink
 */
struct targ {
	struct glob_arg *g;
	int used;
	int completed;
	int fd;
	struct nmreq nmr;
	struct netmap_if *nifp;
	uint16_t	qfirst, qlast; /* range of queues to scan */
	uint64_t count;
	struct timeval tic, toc;
	int me;
	pthread_t thread;
	int affinity;

	uint8_t	dst_mac[6];
	uint8_t	src_mac[6];
	u_int dst_mac_range;
	u_int src_mac_range;
	uint32_t dst_ip;
	uint32_t src_ip;
	u_int dst_ip_range;
	u_int src_ip_range;

	struct pkt pkt;
};


static struct targ *targs;
static int global_nthreads;

/* control-C handler */
static void
sigint_h(__unused int sig)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < global_nthreads; i++) {
		/* cancel active threads. */
		if (targs[i].used == 0)
			continue;

		D("Cancelling thread #%d\n", i);
		pthread_cancel(targs[i].thread);
		targs[i].used = 0;
	}

	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
}


/* sysctl wrapper to return the number of active CPUs */
static int
system_ncpus(void)
{
	int mib[2], ncpus;
	size_t len;

	mib[0] = CTL_HW;
	mib[1] = HW_NCPU;
	len = sizeof(mib);
	sysctl(mib, 2, &ncpus, &len, NULL, 0);

	return (ncpus);
}

/*
 * locate the src mac address for our interface, put it
 * into the user-supplied buffer. return 0 if ok, -1 on error.
 */
static int
source_hwaddr(const char *ifname, char *buf)
{
	struct ifaddrs *ifaphead, *ifap;
	int l = sizeof(ifap->ifa_name);

	if (getifaddrs(&ifaphead) != 0) {
		D("getifaddrs %s failed", ifname);
		return (-1);
	}

	for (ifap = ifaphead; ifap; ifap = ifap->ifa_next) {
		struct sockaddr_dl *sdl =
			(struct sockaddr_dl *)ifap->ifa_addr;
		uint8_t *mac;

		if (!sdl || sdl->sdl_family != AF_LINK)
			continue;
		if (strncmp(ifap->ifa_name, ifname, l) != 0)
			continue;
		mac = (uint8_t *)LLADDR(sdl);
		sprintf(buf, "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
			mac[0], mac[1], mac[2],
			mac[3], mac[4], mac[5]);
		if (verbose)
			D("source hwaddr %s", buf);
		break;
	}
	freeifaddrs(ifaphead);
	return ifap ? 0 : 1;
}


/* set the thread affinity. */
static int
setaffinity(pthread_t me, int i)
{
	cpuset_t cpumask;

	if (i == -1)
		return 0;

	/* Set thread affinity affinity.*/
	CPU_ZERO(&cpumask);
	CPU_SET(i, &cpumask);

	if (pthread_setaffinity_np(me, sizeof(cpuset_t), &cpumask) != 0) {
		D("Unable to set affinity");
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

/* Compute the checksum of the given ip header. */
static uint16_t
checksum(const void *data, uint16_t len)
{
        const uint8_t *addr = data;
        uint32_t sum = 0;

        while (len > 1) {
                sum += addr[0] * 256 + addr[1];
                addr += 2;
                len -= 2;
        }

        if (len == 1)
                sum += *addr * 256;

        sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);
        sum += (sum >> 16);

        sum = htons(sum);

        return ~sum;
}

/*
 * Fill a packet with some payload.
 */
static void
initialize_packet(struct targ *targ)
{
	struct pkt *pkt = &targ->pkt;
	struct ether_header *eh;
	struct ip *ip;
	struct udphdr *udp;
	uint16_t paylen = targ->g->pkt_size - sizeof(*eh) - sizeof(*ip);
	int i, l, l0 = strlen(default_payload);
	char *p;

	for (i = 0; i < paylen;) {
		l = min(l0, paylen - i);
		bcopy(default_payload, pkt->body + i, l);
		i += l;
	}
	pkt->body[i-1] = '\0';

	udp = &pkt->udp;
	udp->uh_sport = htons(1234);
        udp->uh_dport = htons(4321);
	udp->uh_ulen = htons(paylen);
	udp->uh_sum = 0; // checksum(udp, sizeof(*udp));

	ip = &pkt->ip;
        ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
        ip->ip_hl = 5;
        ip->ip_id = 0;
        ip->ip_tos = IPTOS_LOWDELAY;
	ip->ip_len = ntohs(targ->g->pkt_size - sizeof(*eh));
        ip->ip_id = 0;
        ip->ip_off = htons(IP_DF); /* Don't fragment */
        ip->ip_ttl = IPDEFTTL;
	ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_UDP;
	inet_aton(targ->g->src_ip, (struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src);
	inet_aton(targ->g->dst_ip, (struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst);
	targ->dst_ip = ip->ip_dst.s_addr;
	targ->src_ip = ip->ip_src.s_addr;
	p = index(targ->g->src_ip, '-');
	if (p) {
		targ->dst_ip_range = atoi(p+1);
		D("dst-ip sweep %d addresses", targ->dst_ip_range);
	}
	ip->ip_sum = checksum(ip, sizeof(*ip));

	eh = &pkt->eh;
	bcopy(ether_aton(targ->g->src_mac), targ->src_mac, 6);
	bcopy(targ->src_mac, eh->ether_shost, 6);
	p = index(targ->g->src_mac, '-');
	if (p)
		targ->src_mac_range = atoi(p+1);

	bcopy(ether_aton(targ->g->dst_mac), targ->dst_mac, 6);
	bcopy(targ->dst_mac, eh->ether_dhost, 6);
	p = index(targ->g->dst_mac, '-');
	if (p)
		targ->dst_mac_range = atoi(p+1);
	eh->ether_type = htons(ETHERTYPE_IP);
}

/* Check the payload of the packet for errors (use it for debug).
 * Look for consecutive ascii representations of the size of the packet.
 */
static void
check_payload(char *p, int psize)
{
	char temp[64];
	int n_read, size, sizelen;

	/* get the length in ASCII of the length of the packet. */
	sizelen = sprintf(temp, "%d", psize) + 1; // include a whitespace

	/* dummy payload. */
	p += 14; /* skip packet header. */
	n_read = 14;
	while (psize - n_read >= sizelen) {
		sscanf(p, "%d", &size);
		if (size != psize) {
			D("Read %d instead of %d", size, psize);
			break;
		}

		p += sizelen;
		n_read += sizelen;
	}
}


/*
 * create and enqueue a batch of packets on a ring.
 * On the last one set NS_REPORT to tell the driver to generate
 * an interrupt when done.
 */
static int
send_packets(struct netmap_ring *ring, struct pkt *pkt, 
		int size, u_int count, int fill_all)
{
	u_int sent, cur = ring->cur;

	if (ring->avail < count)
		count = ring->avail;

	for (sent = 0; sent < count; sent++) {
		struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[cur];
		char *p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);

		if (fill_all)
			memcpy(p, pkt, size);

		slot->len = size;
		if (sent == count - 1)
			slot->flags |= NS_REPORT;
		cur = NETMAP_RING_NEXT(ring, cur);
	}
	ring->avail -= sent;
	ring->cur = cur;

	return (sent);
}

static void *
sender_body(void *data)
{
	struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;

	struct pollfd fds[1];
	struct netmap_if *nifp = targ->nifp;
	struct netmap_ring *txring;
	int i, n = targ->g->npackets / targ->g->nthreads, sent = 0;
	int fill_all = 1;

	if (setaffinity(targ->thread, targ->affinity))
		goto quit;
	/* setup poll(2) machanism. */
	memset(fds, 0, sizeof(fds));
	fds[0].fd = targ->fd;
	fds[0].events = (POLLOUT);

	/* main loop.*/
	gettimeofday(&targ->tic, NULL);
    if (targ->g->use_pcap) {
	int size = targ->g->pkt_size;
	void *pkt = &targ->pkt;
	pcap_t *p = targ->g->p;

	for (; sent < n; sent++) {
		if (pcap_inject(p, pkt, size) == -1)
			break;
	}
    } else {
	while (sent < n) {

		/*
		 * wait for available room in the send queue(s)
		 */
		if (poll(fds, 1, 2000) <= 0) {
			D("poll error/timeout on queue %d\n", targ->me);
			goto quit;
		}
		/*
		 * scan our queues and send on those with room
		 */
		if (sent > 100000)
			fill_all = 0;
		for (i = targ->qfirst; i < targ->qlast; i++) {
			int m, limit = MIN(n - sent, targ->g->burst);

			txring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, i);
			if (txring->avail == 0)
				continue;
			m = send_packets(txring, &targ->pkt, targ->g->pkt_size,
					 limit, fill_all);
			sent += m;
			targ->count = sent;
		}
	}
	/* Tell the interface that we have new packets. */
	ioctl(fds[0].fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);

	/* final part: wait all the TX queues to be empty. */
	for (i = targ->qfirst; i < targ->qlast; i++) {
		txring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, i);
		while (!NETMAP_TX_RING_EMPTY(txring)) {
			ioctl(fds[0].fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);
			usleep(1); /* wait 1 tick */
		}
	}
    }

	gettimeofday(&targ->toc, NULL);
	targ->completed = 1;
	targ->count = sent;

quit:
	/* reset the ``used`` flag. */
	targ->used = 0;

	return (NULL);
}


static void
receive_pcap(u_char *user, __unused const struct pcap_pkthdr * h,
	__unused const u_char * bytes)
{
	int *count = (int *)user;
	(*count)++;
}

static int
receive_packets(struct netmap_ring *ring, u_int limit, int skip_payload)
{
	u_int cur, rx;

	cur = ring->cur;
	if (ring->avail < limit)
		limit = ring->avail;
	for (rx = 0; rx < limit; rx++) {
		struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[cur];
		char *p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);

		if (!skip_payload)
			check_payload(p, slot->len);

		cur = NETMAP_RING_NEXT(ring, cur);
	}
	ring->avail -= rx;
	ring->cur = cur;

	return (rx);
}

static void *
receiver_body(void *data)
{
	struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;
	struct pollfd fds[1];
	struct netmap_if *nifp = targ->nifp;
	struct netmap_ring *rxring;
	int i, received = 0;

	if (setaffinity(targ->thread, targ->affinity))
		goto quit;

	/* setup poll(2) machanism. */
	memset(fds, 0, sizeof(fds));
	fds[0].fd = targ->fd;
	fds[0].events = (POLLIN);

	/* unbounded wait for the first packet. */
	for (;;) {
		i = poll(fds, 1, 1000);
		if (i > 0 && !(fds[0].revents & POLLERR))
			break;
		D("waiting for initial packets, poll returns %d %d", i, fds[0].revents);
	}

	/* main loop, exit after 1s silence */
	gettimeofday(&targ->tic, NULL);
    if (targ->g->use_pcap) {
	for (;;) {
		pcap_dispatch(targ->g->p, targ->g->burst, receive_pcap, NULL);
	}
    } else {
	while (1) {
		/* Once we started to receive packets, wait at most 1 seconds
		   before quitting. */
		if (poll(fds, 1, 1 * 1000) <= 0) {
			gettimeofday(&targ->toc, NULL);
			targ->toc.tv_sec -= 1; /* Substract timeout time. */
			break;
		}

		for (i = targ->qfirst; i < targ->qlast; i++) {
			int m;

			rxring = NETMAP_RXRING(nifp, i);
			if (rxring->avail == 0)
				continue;

			m = receive_packets(rxring, targ->g->burst,
					SKIP_PAYLOAD);
			received += m;
			targ->count = received;
		}

		// tell the card we have read the data
		//ioctl(fds[0].fd, NIOCRXSYNC, NULL);
	}
    }

	targ->completed = 1;
	targ->count = received;

quit:
	/* reset the ``used`` flag. */
	targ->used = 0;

	return (NULL);
}

static void
tx_output(uint64_t sent, int size, double delta)
{
	double amount = 8.0 * (1.0 * size * sent) / delta;
	double pps = sent / delta;
	char units[4] = { '\0', 'K', 'M', 'G' };
	int aunit = 0, punit = 0;

	while (amount >= 1000) {
		amount /= 1000;
		aunit += 1;
	}
	while (pps >= 1000) {
		pps /= 1000;
		punit += 1;
	}

	printf("Sent %llu packets, %d bytes each, in %.2f seconds.\n",
	       sent, size, delta);
	printf("Speed: %.2f%cpps. Bandwidth: %.2f%cbps.\n",
	       pps, units[punit], amount, units[aunit]);
}


static void
rx_output(uint64_t received, double delta)
{

	double pps = received / delta;
	char units[4] = { '\0', 'K', 'M', 'G' };
	int punit = 0;

	while (pps >= 1000) {
		pps /= 1000;
		punit += 1;
	}

	printf("Received %llu packets, in %.2f seconds.\n", received, delta);
	printf("Speed: %.2f%cpps.\n", pps, units[punit]);
}

static void
usage(void)
{
	const char *cmd = "pkt-gen";
	fprintf(stderr,
		"Usage:\n"
		"%s arguments\n"
		"\t-i interface		interface name\n"
		"\t-t pkts_to_send	also forces send mode\n"
		"\t-r pkts_to_receive	also forces receive mode\n"
		"\t-l pkts_size		in bytes excluding CRC\n"
		"\t-d dst-ip		end with %%n to sweep n addresses\n"
		"\t-s src-ip		end with %%n to sweep n addresses\n"
		"\t-D dst-mac		end with %%n to sweep n addresses\n"
		"\t-S src-mac		end with %%n to sweep n addresses\n"
		"\t-b burst size		testing, mostly\n"
		"\t-c cores		cores to use\n"
		"\t-p threads		processes/threads to use\n"
		"\t-T report_ms		milliseconds between reports\n"
		"\t-w wait_for_link_time	in seconds\n"
		"",
		cmd);

	exit(0);
}


int
main(int arc, char **argv)
{
	int i, fd;

	struct glob_arg g;

	struct nmreq nmr;
	void *mmap_addr;		/* the mmap address */
	void *(*td_body)(void *) = receiver_body;
	int ch;
	int report_interval = 1000;	/* report interval */
	char *ifname = NULL;
	int wait_link = 2;
	int devqueues = 1;	/* how many device queues */

	bzero(&g, sizeof(g));

	g.src_ip = "10.0.0.1";
	g.dst_ip = "10.1.0.1";
	g.dst_mac = "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff";
	g.src_mac = NULL;
	g.pkt_size = 60;
	g.burst = 512;		// default
	g.nthreads = 1;
	g.cpus = 1;

	while ( (ch = getopt(arc, argv,
			"i:t:r:l:d:s:D:S:b:c:p:T:w:v")) != -1) {
		switch(ch) {
		default:
			D("bad option %c %s", ch, optarg);
			usage();
			break;
		case 'i':	/* interface */
			ifname = optarg;
			break;
		case 't':	/* send */
			td_body = sender_body;
			g.npackets = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'r':	/* receive */
			td_body = receiver_body;
			g.npackets = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'l':	/* pkt_size */
			g.pkt_size = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'd':
			g.dst_ip = optarg;
			break;
		case 's':
			g.src_ip = optarg;
			break;
		case 'T':	/* report interval */
			report_interval = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'w':
			wait_link = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'b':	/* burst */
			g.burst = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'c':
			g.cpus = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'p':
			g.nthreads = atoi(optarg);
			break;

		case 'P':
			g.use_pcap = 1;
			break;

		case 'D': /* destination mac */
			g.dst_mac = optarg;
	{
		struct ether_addr *mac = ether_aton(g.dst_mac);
		D("ether_aton(%s) gives %p", g.dst_mac, mac);
	}
			break;
		case 'S': /* source mac */
			g.src_mac = optarg;
			break;
		case 'v':
			verbose++;
		}
	}

	if (ifname == NULL) {
		D("missing ifname");
		usage();
	}
	{
		int n = system_ncpus();
		if (g.cpus < 0 || g.cpus > n) {
			D("%d cpus is too high, have only %d cpus", g.cpus, n);
			usage();
		}
		if (g.cpus == 0)
			g.cpus = n;
	}
	if (g.pkt_size < 16 || g.pkt_size > 1536) {
		D("bad pktsize %d\n", g.pkt_size);
		usage();
	}

	bzero(&nmr, sizeof(nmr));
	/*
	 * Open the netmap device to fetch the number of queues of our
	 * interface.
	 *
	 * The first NIOCREGIF also detaches the card from the
	 * protocol stack and may cause a reset of the card,
	 * which in turn may take some time for the PHY to
	 * reconfigure.
	 */
	fd = open("/dev/netmap", O_RDWR);
	if (fd == -1) {
		D("Unable to open /dev/netmap");
		// fail later
	} else {
		if ((ioctl(fd, NIOCGINFO, &nmr)) == -1) {
			D("Unable to get if info without name");
		} else {
			D("map size is %d Kb", nmr.nr_memsize >> 10);
		}
		bzero(&nmr, sizeof(nmr));
		strncpy(nmr.nr_name, ifname, sizeof(nmr.nr_name));
		if ((ioctl(fd, NIOCGINFO, &nmr)) == -1) {
			D("Unable to get if info for %s", ifname);
		}
		devqueues = nmr.nr_numrings;
	}

	/* validate provided nthreads. */
	if (g.nthreads < 1 || g.nthreads > devqueues) {
		D("bad nthreads %d, have %d queues", g.nthreads, devqueues);
		// continue, fail later
	}

	if (td_body == sender_body && g.src_mac == NULL) {
		static char mybuf[20] = "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff";
		/* retrieve source mac address. */
		if (source_hwaddr(ifname, mybuf) == -1) {
			D("Unable to retrieve source mac");
			// continue, fail later
		}
		g.src_mac = mybuf;
	}

	/*
	 * Map the netmap shared memory: instead of issuing mmap()
	 * inside the body of the threads, we prefer to keep this
	 * operation here to simplify the thread logic.
	 */
	D("mmapping %d Kbytes", nmr.nr_memsize>>10);
	mmap_addr = (struct netmap_d *) mmap(0, nmr.nr_memsize,
					    PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ,
					    MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
	if (mmap_addr == MAP_FAILED) {
		D("Unable to mmap %d KB", nmr.nr_memsize >> 10);
		// continue, fail later
	}

	/*
	 * Register the interface on the netmap device: from now on,
	 * we can operate on the network interface without any
	 * interference from the legacy network stack.
	 *
	 * We decide to put the first interface registration here to
	 * give time to cards that take a long time to reset the PHY.
	 */
	if (ioctl(fd, NIOCREGIF, &nmr) == -1) {
		D("Unable to register interface %s", ifname);
		//continue, fail later
	}


	/* Print some debug information. */
	fprintf(stdout,
		"%s %s: %d queues, %d threads and %d cpus.\n",
		(td_body == sender_body) ? "Sending on" : "Receiving from",
		ifname,
		devqueues,
		g.nthreads,
		g.cpus);
	if (td_body == sender_body) {
		fprintf(stdout, "%s -> %s (%s -> %s)\n",
			g.src_ip, g.dst_ip,
			g.src_mac, g.dst_mac);
	}
			
	/* Exit if something went wrong. */
	if (fd < 0) {
		D("aborting");
		usage();
	}


	/* Wait for PHY reset. */
	D("Wait %d secs for phy reset", wait_link);
	sleep(wait_link);
	D("Ready...");

	/* Install ^C handler. */
	global_nthreads = g.nthreads;
	signal(SIGINT, sigint_h);

	if (g.use_pcap) {
		// XXX g.p = pcap_open_live(..);
	}

	targs = calloc(g.nthreads, sizeof(*targs));
	/*
	 * Now create the desired number of threads, each one
	 * using a single descriptor.
 	 */
	for (i = 0; i < g.nthreads; i++) {
		struct netmap_if *tnifp;
		struct nmreq tifreq;
		int tfd;

	    if (g.use_pcap) {
		tfd = -1;
		tnifp = NULL;
	    } else {
		/* register interface. */
		tfd = open("/dev/netmap", O_RDWR);
		if (tfd == -1) {
			D("Unable to open /dev/netmap");
			continue;
		}

		bzero(&tifreq, sizeof(tifreq));
		strncpy(tifreq.nr_name, ifname, sizeof(tifreq.nr_name));
		tifreq.nr_ringid = (g.nthreads > 1) ? (i | NETMAP_HW_RING) : 0;

		/*
		 * if we are acting as a receiver only, do not touch the transmit ring.
		 * This is not the default because many apps may use the interface
		 * in both directions, but a pure receiver does not.
		 */
		if (td_body == receiver_body) {
			tifreq.nr_ringid |= NETMAP_NO_TX_POLL;
		}

		if ((ioctl(tfd, NIOCREGIF, &tifreq)) == -1) {
			D("Unable to register %s", ifname);
			continue;
		}
		tnifp = NETMAP_IF(mmap_addr, tifreq.nr_offset);
	    }
		/* start threads. */
		bzero(&targs[i], sizeof(targs[i]));
		targs[i].g = &g;
		targs[i].used = 1;
		targs[i].completed = 0;
		targs[i].fd = tfd;
		targs[i].nmr = tifreq;
		targs[i].nifp = tnifp;
		targs[i].qfirst = (g.nthreads > 1) ? i : 0;
		targs[i].qlast = (g.nthreads > 1) ? i+1 : tifreq.nr_numrings;
		targs[i].me = i;
		targs[i].affinity = g.cpus ? i % g.cpus : -1;
		if (td_body == sender_body) {
			/* initialize the packet to send. */
			initialize_packet(&targs[i]);
		}

		if (pthread_create(&targs[i].thread, NULL, td_body,
				   &targs[i]) == -1) {
			D("Unable to create thread %d", i);
			targs[i].used = 0;
		}
	}

    {
	uint64_t my_count = 0, prev = 0;
	uint64_t count = 0;
	double delta_t;
	struct timeval tic, toc;

	gettimeofday(&toc, NULL);
	for (;;) {
		struct timeval now, delta;
		uint64_t pps;
		int done = 0;

		delta.tv_sec = report_interval/1000;
		delta.tv_usec = (report_interval%1000)*1000;
		select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &delta);
		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
		timersub(&now, &toc, &toc);
		my_count = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < g.nthreads; i++) {
			my_count += targs[i].count;
			if (targs[i].used == 0)
				done++;
		}
		pps = toc.tv_sec* 1000000 + toc.tv_usec;
		if (pps < 10000)
			continue;
		pps = (my_count - prev)*1000000 / pps;
		D("%llu pps", pps);
		prev = my_count;
		toc = now;
		if (done == g.nthreads)
			break;
	}

	timerclear(&tic);
	timerclear(&toc);
	for (i = 0; i < g.nthreads; i++) {
		/*
		 * Join active threads, unregister interfaces and close
		 * file descriptors.
		 */
		pthread_join(targs[i].thread, NULL);
		ioctl(targs[i].fd, NIOCUNREGIF, &targs[i].nmr);
		close(targs[i].fd);

		if (targs[i].completed == 0)
			continue;

		/*
		 * Collect threads o1utput and extract information about
		 * how log it took to send all the packets.
		 */
		count += targs[i].count;
		if (!timerisset(&tic) || timercmp(&targs[i].tic, &tic, <))
			tic = targs[i].tic;
		if (!timerisset(&toc) || timercmp(&targs[i].toc, &toc, >))
			toc = targs[i].toc;
	}

	/* print output. */
	timersub(&toc, &tic, &toc);
	delta_t = toc.tv_sec + 1e-6* toc.tv_usec;
	if (td_body == sender_body)
		tx_output(count, g.pkt_size, delta_t);
	else
		rx_output(count, delta_t);
    }

	ioctl(fd, NIOCUNREGIF, &nmr);
	munmap(mmap_addr, nmr.nr_memsize);
	close(fd);

	return (0);
}
/* end of file */