Import tzdata2016i.vendor/tzdata/tzdata2016i

Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation

18 files changed, 6712 insertions, 75 deletions

diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING b/CONTRIBUTING
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e40102e693e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+Contributing to the tz code and data
+
+The time zone database is by no means authoritative: governments
+change timekeeping rules erratically and sometimes with little
+warning, the data entries do not cover all of civil time before
+1970, and undoubtedly errors remain in the code and data.  Feel
+free to fill gaps or fix mistakes, and please email improvements
+to tz@iana.org for use in the future.
+
+To email small changes, please run a POSIX shell command like
+'diff -u old/europe new/europe >myfix.patch', and attach
+myfix.patch to the email.
+
+For more-elaborate changes, please read the Theory file and browse
+the mailing list archives <http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/> for
+examples of patches that tend to work well.  Ideally, additions to
+data should contain commentary citing reliable sources as
+justification.
+
+Please submit changes against either the latest release in
+<ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/> or the master branch of the experimental
+Git repository.  If you use Git the following workflow may be helpful:
+
+  * Copy the experimental repository.
+
+      git clone https://github.com/eggert/tz.git
+      cd tz
+
+  * Get current with the master branch.
+
+      git checkout master
+      git pull
+
+  * Switch to a new branch for the changes.  Choose a different
+    branch name for each change set.
+
+      git checkout -b mybranch
+
+  * Edit source files.  Include commentary that justifies the
+    changes by citing reliable sources.
+
+  * Debug the changes, e.g.:
+
+      make check
+      make install
+      ./zdump -v America/Los_Angeles
+
+  * For each separable change, commit it in the new branch, e.g.:
+
+      git add northamerica
+      git commit
+
+    See recent 'git log' output for the commit-message style.
+
+  * Create patch files 0001-*, 0002-*, ...
+
+      git format-patch master
+
+  * After reviewing the patch files, send the patches to tz@iana.org
+    for others to review.
+
+      git send-email master
+
+  * Start anew by getting current with the master branch again
+    (the second step above).
+
+Please do not create issues or pull requests on GitHub, as the
+proper procedure for proposing and distributing patches is via
+email as illustrated above.
+
+-----
+
+This file is in the public domain.
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..148eb232b673
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+With a few exceptions, all files in the tz code and data (including
+this one) are in the public domain.  The exceptions are date.c,
+newstrftime.3, and strftime.c, which contain material derived from BSD
+and which use the BSD 3-clause license.
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..74b950cb58a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,793 @@
+# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
+
+# Package name for the code distribution.
+PACKAGE=	tzcode
+
+# Version number for the distribution, overridden in the 'tarballs' rule below.
+VERSION=	unknown
+
+# Email address for bug reports.
+BUGEMAIL=	tz@iana.org
+
+# Change the line below for your time zone (after finding the zone you want in
+# the time zone files, or adding it to a time zone file).
+# Alternately, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
+#	zic -l rightzone
+# to correct things.
+# Use the command
+#	make zonenames
+# to get a list of the values you can use for LOCALTIME.
+
+LOCALTIME=	GMT
+
+# If you want something other than Eastern United States time as a template
+# for handling POSIX-style time zone environment variables,
+# change the line below (after finding the zone you want in the
+# time zone files, or adding it to a time zone file).
+# (When a POSIX-style environment variable is handled, the rules in the
+# template file are used to determine "spring forward" and "fall back" days and
+# times; the environment variable itself specifies UT offsets of standard and
+# summer time.)
+# Alternately, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
+#	zic -p rightzone
+# to correct things.
+# Use the command
+#	make zonenames
+# to get a list of the values you can use for POSIXRULES.
+# If you want POSIX compatibility, use "America/New_York".
+
+POSIXRULES=	America/New_York
+
+# Also see TZDEFRULESTRING below, which takes effect only
+# if the time zone files cannot be accessed.
+
+# Everything gets put in subdirectories of. . .
+
+TOPDIR=		/usr/local
+
+# "Compiled" time zone information is placed in the "TZDIR" directory
+# (and subdirectories).
+# Use an absolute path name for TZDIR unless you're just testing the software.
+
+TZDIR_BASENAME=	zoneinfo
+TZDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/etc/$(TZDIR_BASENAME)
+
+# Types to try, as an alternative to time_t.  int64_t should be first.
+TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES= int64_t int32_t uint32_t uint64_t
+
+# The "tzselect", "zic", and "zdump" commands get installed in. . .
+
+ETCDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/etc
+
+# If you "make INSTALL", the "date" command gets installed in. . .
+
+BINDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/bin
+
+# Manual pages go in subdirectories of. . .
+
+MANDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/man
+
+# Library functions are put in an archive in LIBDIR.
+
+LIBDIR=		$(TOPDIR)/lib
+
+# If you always want time values interpreted as "seconds since the epoch
+# (not counting leap seconds)", use
+#	REDO=		posix_only
+# below.  If you always want right time values interpreted as "seconds since
+# the epoch" (counting leap seconds)", use
+#	REDO=		right_only
+# below.  If you want both sets of data available, with leap seconds not
+# counted normally, use
+#	REDO=		posix_right
+# below.  If you want both sets of data available, with leap seconds counted
+# normally, use
+#	REDO=		right_posix
+# below.  POSIX mandates that leap seconds not be counted; for compatibility
+# with it, use "posix_only" or "posix_right".
+
+REDO=		posix_right
+
+# If you want out-of-scope and often-wrong data from the file 'backzone', use
+#	PACKRATDATA=	backzone
+# To omit this data, use
+#	PACKRATDATA=
+
+PACKRATDATA=
+
+# Since "." may not be in PATH...
+
+YEARISTYPE=	./yearistype
+
+# Non-default libraries needed to link.
+LDLIBS=
+
+# Add the following to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line as needed.
+#  -DBIG_BANG=-9999999LL if the Big Bang occurred at time -9999999 (see zic.c)
+#  -DHAVE_DECL_ASCTIME_R=0 if <time.h> does not declare asctime_r
+#  -DHAVE_DIRECT_H if mkdir needs <direct.h> (MS-Windows)
+#  -DHAVE_DOS_FILE_NAMES if file names have drive specifiers etc. (MS-DOS)
+#  -DHAVE_GETTEXT=1 if 'gettext' works (e.g., GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris)
+#  -DHAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R=1 if your system's time.h declares
+#	ctime_r and asctime_r incompatibly with the POSIX standard
+#	(Solaris when _POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS is not defined).
+#  -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 if you have a pre-C99 compiler with "inttypes.h"
+#  -DHAVE_LINK=0 if your system lacks a link function
+#  -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_R=0 if your system lacks a localtime_r function
+#  -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ=0 if you do not want zdump to use localtime_rz
+#	This defaults to 1 if a working localtime_rz seems to be available.
+#	localtime_rz can make zdump significantly faster, but is nonstandard.
+#  -DHAVE_POSIX_DECLS=0 if your system's include files do not declare
+#	functions like 'link' or variables like 'tzname' required by POSIX
+#  -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 if you have a pre-C99 compiler with "stdint.h"
+#  -DHAVE_STRFTIME_L=1 if <time.h> declares locale_t and strftime_l
+#	This defaults to 0 if _POSIX_VERSION < 200809, 1 otherwise.
+#  -DHAVE_STRDUP=0 if your system lacks the strdup function
+#  -DHAVE_SYMLINK=0 if your system lacks the symlink function
+#  -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "sys/stat.h"
+#  -DHAVE_SYS_WAIT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "sys/wait.h"
+#  -DHAVE_TZSET=0 if your system lacks a tzset function
+#  -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "unistd.h" (Microsoft C++ 7?)
+#  -DEPOCH_LOCAL=1 if the 'time' function returns local time not UT
+#  -DEPOCH_OFFSET=N if the 'time' function returns a value N greater
+#	than what POSIX specifies, assuming local time is UT.
+#	For example, N is 252460800 on AmigaOS.
+#  -DNO_RUN_TIME_WARNINGS_ABOUT_YEAR_2000_PROBLEMS_THANK_YOU=1
+#	if you do not want run time warnings about formats that may cause
+#	year 2000 grief
+#  -Dssize_t=long on ancient hosts that lack ssize_t
+#  -DTHREAD_SAFE=1 to make localtime.c thread-safe, as POSIX requires;
+#	not needed by the main-program tz code, which is single-threaded.
+#	Append other compiler flags as needed, e.g., -pthread on GNU/Linux.
+#  -Dtime_tz=\"T\" to use T as the time_t type, rather than the system time_t
+#  -DTZ_DOMAIN=\"foo\" to use "foo" for gettext domain name; default is "tz"
+#  -DTZ_DOMAINDIR=\"/path\" to use "/path" for gettext directory;
+#	the default is system-supplied, typically "/usr/lib/locale"
+#  -DTZDEFRULESTRING=\",date/time,date/time\" to default to the specified
+#	DST transitions if the time zone files cannot be accessed
+#  -DUNINIT_TRAP=1 if reading uninitialized storage can cause problems
+#	other than simply getting garbage data
+#  -DUSE_LTZ=0 to build zdump with the system time zone library
+#	Also set TZDOBJS=zdump.o and CHECK_TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES= below.
+#  -DZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN=3
+#	(or some other number) to set the maximum time zone abbreviation length
+#	that zic will accept without a warning (the default is 6)
+#  $(GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS) if you are using recent GCC and want lots of checking
+GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS = -Dlint -g3 -O3 -fno-common -fstrict-aliasing \
+	-Wall -Wextra \
+	-Wbad-function-cast -Wcast-align -Wdate-time \
+	-Wdeclaration-after-statement \
+	-Wdouble-promotion \
+	-Wformat=2 -Winit-self -Wjump-misses-init \
+	-Wlogical-op -Wmissing-prototypes -Wnested-externs \
+	-Wold-style-definition -Woverlength-strings -Wpointer-arith \
+	-Wshadow -Wstrict-prototypes -Wsuggest-attribute=const \
+	-Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn \
+	-Wsuggest-attribute=pure -Wtrampolines \
+	-Wunused -Wwrite-strings \
+	-Wno-address -Wno-format-nonliteral -Wno-sign-compare \
+	-Wno-type-limits -Wno-unused-parameter
+#
+# If you want to use System V compatibility code, add
+#	-DUSG_COMPAT
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  This arrange for "timezone" and "daylight"
+# variables to be kept up-to-date by the time conversion functions.  Neither
+# "timezone" nor "daylight" is described in X3J11's work.
+#
+# If your system has a "GMT offset" field in its "struct tm"s
+# (or if you decide to add such a field in your system's "time.h" file),
+# add the name to a define such as
+#	-DTM_GMTOFF=tm_gmtoff
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  If not defined, the code attempts to
+# guess TM_GMTOFF from other macros; define NO_TM_GMTOFF to suppress this.
+# Similarly, if your system has a "zone abbreviation" field, define
+#	-DTM_ZONE=tm_zone
+# and define NO_TM_ZONE to suppress any guessing.  These two fields are not
+# required by POSIX, but are widely available on GNU/Linux and BSD systems.
+#
+# If you want functions that were inspired by early versions of X3J11's work,
+# add
+#	-DSTD_INSPIRED
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  This arranges for the functions
+# "tzsetwall", "offtime", "timelocal", "timegm", "timeoff",
+# "posix2time", and "time2posix" to be added to the time conversion library.
+# "tzsetwall" is like "tzset" except that it arranges for local wall clock
+# time (rather than the time specified in the TZ environment variable)
+# to be used.
+# "offtime" is like "gmtime" except that it accepts a second (long) argument
+# that gives an offset to add to the time_t when converting it.
+# "timelocal" is equivalent to "mktime".
+# "timegm" is like "timelocal" except that it turns a struct tm into
+# a time_t using UT (rather than local time as "timelocal" does).
+# "timeoff" is like "timegm" except that it accepts a second (long) argument
+# that gives an offset to use when converting to a time_t.
+# "posix2time" and "time2posix" are described in an included manual page.
+# X3J11's work does not describe any of these functions.
+# Sun has provided "tzsetwall", "timelocal", and "timegm" in SunOS 4.0.
+# These functions may well disappear in future releases of the time
+# conversion package.
+#
+# If you don't want functions that were inspired by NetBSD, add
+#	-DNETBSD_INSPIRED=0
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  Otherwise, the functions
+# "localtime_rz", "mktime_z", "tzalloc", and "tzfree" are added to the
+# time library, and if STD_INSPIRED is also defined the functions
+# "posix2time_z" and "time2posix_z" are added as well.
+# The functions ending in "_z" (or "_rz") are like their unsuffixed
+# (or suffixed-by-"_r") counterparts, except with an extra first
+# argument of opaque type timezone_t that specifies the time zone.
+# "tzalloc" allocates a timezone_t value, and "tzfree" frees it.
+#
+# If you want to allocate state structures in localtime, add
+#	-DALL_STATE
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  Storage is obtained by calling malloc.
+#
+# If you want an "altzone" variable (a la System V Release 3.1), add
+#	-DALTZONE
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
+# This variable is not described in X3J11's work.
+#
+# NIST-PCTS:151-2, Version 1.4, (1993-12-03) is a test suite put
+# out by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
+# which claims to test C and Posix conformance.  If you want to pass PCTS, add
+#	-DPCTS
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
+#
+# If you want strict compliance with XPG4 as of 1994-04-09, add
+#	-DXPG4_1994_04_09
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.  This causes "strftime" to always return
+# 53 as a week number (rather than 52 or 53) for those days in January that
+# before the first Monday in January when a "%V" format is used and January 1
+# falls on a Friday, Saturday, or Sunday.
+
+CFLAGS=
+
+# Linker flags.  Default to $(LFLAGS) for backwards compatibility
+# to release 2012h and earlier.
+
+LDFLAGS=	$(LFLAGS)
+
+# For leap seconds, this Makefile uses LEAPSECONDS='-L leapseconds' in
+# submake command lines.  The default is no leap seconds.
+
+LEAPSECONDS=
+
+# The zic command and its arguments.
+
+zic=		./zic
+ZIC=		$(zic) $(ZFLAGS)
+
+ZFLAGS=
+
+# How to use zic to install tz binary files.
+
+ZIC_INSTALL=	$(ZIC) -y $(YEARISTYPE) -d $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR) $(LEAPSECONDS)
+
+# The name of a Posix-compliant 'awk' on your system.
+AWK=		awk
+
+# The full path name of a Posix-compliant shell, preferably one that supports
+# the Korn shell's 'select' statement as an extension.
+# These days, Bash is the most popular.
+# It should be OK to set this to /bin/sh, on platforms where /bin/sh
+# lacks 'select' or doesn't completely conform to Posix, but /bin/bash
+# is typically nicer if it works.
+KSHELL=		/bin/bash
+
+# The path where SGML DTDs are kept and the catalog file(s) to use when
+# validating.  The default should work on both Debian and Red Hat.
+SGML_TOPDIR= /usr
+SGML_DTDDIR= $(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/xml/w3c-sgml-lib/schema/dtd
+SGML_SEARCH_PATH= $(SGML_DTDDIR)/REC-html401-19991224
+SGML_CATALOG_FILES= \
+  $(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/doc/w3-recs/html/www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/HTML4.cat:$(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/sgml/html/4.01/HTML4.cat
+
+# The name, arguments and environment of a program to validate your web pages.
+# See <http://openjade.sourceforge.net/doc/> for a validator, and
+# <https://validator.w3.org/source/> for a validation library.
+VALIDATE = nsgmls
+VALIDATE_FLAGS = -s -B -wall -wno-unused-param
+VALIDATE_ENV = \
+  SGML_CATALOG_FILES=$(SGML_CATALOG_FILES) \
+  SGML_SEARCH_PATH=$(SGML_SEARCH_PATH) \
+  SP_CHARSET_FIXED=YES \
+  SP_ENCODING=UTF-8
+
+# This expensive test requires USE_LTZ.
+# To suppress it, define this macro to be empty.
+CHECK_TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES = check_time_t_alternatives
+
+# SAFE_CHAR is a regular expression that matches a safe character.
+# Some parts of this distribution are limited to safe characters;
+# others can use any UTF-8 character.
+# For now, the safe characters are a safe subset of ASCII.
+# The caller must set the shell variable 'sharp' to the character '#',
+# since Makefile macros cannot contain '#'.
+# TAB_CHAR is a single tab character, in single quotes.
+TAB_CHAR=	'	'
+SAFE_CHARSET1=	$(TAB_CHAR)' !\"'$$sharp'$$%&'\''()*+,./0123456789:;<=>?@'
+SAFE_CHARSET2=	'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\^_`'
+SAFE_CHARSET3=	'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~'
+SAFE_CHARSET=	$(SAFE_CHARSET1)$(SAFE_CHARSET2)$(SAFE_CHARSET3)
+SAFE_CHAR=	'[]'$(SAFE_CHARSET)'-]'
+
+# OK_CHAR matches any character allowed in the distributed files.
+# This is the same as SAFE_CHAR, except that multibyte letters are
+# also allowed so that commentary can contain people's names and quote
+# non-English sources.  For non-letters the sources are limited to
+# ASCII renderings for the convenience of maintainers whose text editors
+# mishandle UTF-8 by default (e.g., XEmacs 21.4.22).
+OK_CHAR=	'[][:alpha:]'$(SAFE_CHARSET)'-]'
+
+# SAFE_LINE matches a line of safe characters.
+# SAFE_SHARP_LINE is similar, except any OK character can follow '#';
+# this is so that comments can contain non-ASCII characters.
+# OK_LINE matches a line of OK characters.
+SAFE_LINE=	'^'$(SAFE_CHAR)'*$$'
+SAFE_SHARP_LINE='^'$(SAFE_CHAR)'*('$$sharp$(OK_CHAR)'*)?$$'
+OK_LINE=	'^'$(OK_CHAR)'*$$'
+
+# Flags to give 'tar' when making a distribution.
+# Try to use flags appropriate for GNU tar.
+GNUTARFLAGS= --numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 --mode=go+u,go-w --sort=name
+TARFLAGS=	`if tar $(GNUTARFLAGS) --version >/dev/null 2>&1; \
+		 then echo $(GNUTARFLAGS); \
+		 else :; \
+		 fi`
+
+# Flags to give 'gzip' when making a distribution.
+GZIPFLAGS=	-9n
+
+###############################################################################
+
+#MAKE=		make
+
+cc=		cc
+CC=		$(cc) -DTZDIR=\"$(TZDIR)\"
+
+AR=		ar
+
+# ':' on typical hosts; 'ranlib' on the ancient hosts that still need ranlib.
+RANLIB=		:
+
+TZCOBJS=	zic.o
+TZDOBJS=	zdump.o localtime.o asctime.o
+DATEOBJS=	date.o localtime.o strftime.o asctime.o
+LIBSRCS=	localtime.c asctime.c difftime.c
+LIBOBJS=	localtime.o asctime.o difftime.o
+HEADERS=	tzfile.h private.h
+NONLIBSRCS=	zic.c zdump.c
+NEWUCBSRCS=	date.c strftime.c
+SOURCES=	$(HEADERS) $(LIBSRCS) $(NONLIBSRCS) $(NEWUCBSRCS) \
+			tzselect.ksh workman.sh
+MANS=		newctime.3 newstrftime.3 newtzset.3 time2posix.3 \
+			tzfile.5 tzselect.8 zic.8 zdump.8
+MANTXTS=	newctime.3.txt newstrftime.3.txt newtzset.3.txt \
+			time2posix.3.txt \
+			tzfile.5.txt tzselect.8.txt zic.8.txt zdump.8.txt \
+			date.1.txt
+COMMON=		CONTRIBUTING LICENSE Makefile NEWS README Theory version
+WEB_PAGES=	tz-art.htm tz-how-to.html tz-link.htm
+DOCS=		$(MANS) date.1 $(MANTXTS) $(WEB_PAGES)
+PRIMARY_YDATA=	africa antarctica asia australasia \
+		europe northamerica southamerica
+YDATA=		$(PRIMARY_YDATA) pacificnew etcetera backward
+NDATA=		systemv factory
+TDATA=		$(YDATA) $(NDATA)
+ZONETABLES=	zone1970.tab zone.tab
+TABDATA=	iso3166.tab leapseconds $(ZONETABLES)
+LEAP_DEPS=	leapseconds.awk leap-seconds.list
+DATA=		$(YDATA) $(NDATA) backzone $(TABDATA) \
+			leap-seconds.list yearistype.sh
+AWK_SCRIPTS=	checklinks.awk checktab.awk leapseconds.awk
+MISC=		$(AWK_SCRIPTS) zoneinfo2tdf.pl
+TZS_YEAR=	2050
+TZS=		to$(TZS_YEAR).tzs
+TZS_NEW=	to$(TZS_YEAR)new.tzs
+TZS_DEPS=	$(PRIMARY_YDATA) asctime.c localtime.c \
+			private.h tzfile.h zdump.c zic.c
+ENCHILADA=	$(COMMON) $(DOCS) $(SOURCES) $(DATA) $(MISC) $(TZS)
+
+# Consult these files when deciding whether to rebuild the 'version' file.
+# This list is not the same as the output of 'git ls-files', since
+# .gitignore is not distributed.
+VERSION_DEPS= \
+		CONTRIBUTING LICENSE Makefile NEWS README Theory \
+		africa antarctica asctime.c asia australasia \
+		backward backzone \
+		checklinks.awk checktab.awk \
+		date.1 date.c difftime.c \
+		etcetera europe factory iso3166.tab \
+		leap-seconds.list leapseconds.awk localtime.c \
+		newctime.3 newstrftime.3 newtzset.3 northamerica \
+		pacificnew private.h \
+		southamerica strftime.c systemv \
+		time2posix.3 tz-art.htm tz-how-to.html tz-link.htm \
+		tzfile.5 tzfile.h tzselect.8 tzselect.ksh \
+		workman.sh yearistype.sh \
+		zdump.8 zdump.c zic.8 zic.c \
+		zone.tab zone1970.tab zoneinfo2tdf.pl
+
+# And for the benefit of csh users on systems that assume the user
+# shell should be used to handle commands in Makefiles. . .
+
+SHELL=		/bin/sh
+
+all:		tzselect yearistype zic zdump libtz.a $(TABDATA)
+
+ALL:		all date $(ENCHILADA)
+
+install:	all $(DATA) $(REDO) $(MANS)
+		mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(ETCDIR) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR) \
+			$(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR) \
+			$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man3 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man5 \
+			$(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man8
+		$(ZIC_INSTALL) -l $(LOCALTIME) -p $(POSIXRULES)
+		cp -f iso3166.tab $(ZONETABLES) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)/.
+		cp tzselect zic zdump $(DESTDIR)$(ETCDIR)/.
+		cp libtz.a $(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR)/.
+		$(RANLIB) $(DESTDIR)$(LIBDIR)/libtz.a
+		cp -f newctime.3 newtzset.3 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man3/.
+		cp -f tzfile.5 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man5/.
+		cp -f tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man8/.
+
+INSTALL:	ALL install date.1
+		mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR) $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man1
+		cp date $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/.
+		cp -f date.1 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man1/.
+
+version:	$(VERSION_DEPS)
+		{ (type git) >/dev/null 2>&1 && \
+		  V=`git describe --match '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][a-z]*' \
+				--abbrev=7 --dirty` || \
+		  V=$(VERSION); } && \
+		printf '%s\n' "$$V" >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+version.h:	version
+		VERSION=`cat version` && printf '%s\n' \
+		  'static char const PKGVERSION[]="($(PACKAGE)) ";' \
+		  "static char const TZVERSION[]=\"$$VERSION\";" \
+		  'static char const REPORT_BUGS_TO[]="$(BUGEMAIL)";' \
+		  >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+zdump:		$(TZDOBJS)
+		$(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(TZDOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
+
+zic:		$(TZCOBJS)
+		$(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(TZCOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
+
+yearistype:	yearistype.sh
+		cp yearistype.sh yearistype
+		chmod +x yearistype
+
+leapseconds:	$(LEAP_DEPS)
+		$(AWK) -f leapseconds.awk leap-seconds.list >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+# Arguments to pass to submakes of install_data.
+# They can be overridden by later submake arguments.
+INSTALLARGS = \
+ DESTDIR=$(DESTDIR) \
+ LEAPSECONDS='$(LEAPSECONDS)' \
+ PACKRATDATA='$(PACKRATDATA)' \
+ TZDIR=$(TZDIR) \
+ YEARISTYPE=$(YEARISTYPE) \
+ ZIC='$(ZIC)'
+
+# 'make install_data' installs one set of tz binary files.
+# It can be tailored by setting LEAPSECONDS, PACKRATDATA, etc.
+install_data:	zic leapseconds yearistype $(PACKRATDATA) $(TDATA)
+		$(ZIC_INSTALL) $(TDATA)
+		$(AWK) '/^Rule/' $(TDATA) | $(ZIC_INSTALL) - $(PACKRATDATA)
+
+posix_only:
+		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) LEAPSECONDS= install_data
+
+right_only:
+		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) LEAPSECONDS='-L leapseconds' \
+			install_data
+
+# In earlier versions of this makefile, the other two directories were
+# subdirectories of $(TZDIR).  However, this led to configuration errors.
+# For example, with posix_right under the earlier scheme,
+# TZ='right/Australia/Adelaide' got you localtime with leap seconds,
+# but gmtime without leap seconds, which led to problems with applications
+# like sendmail that subtract gmtime from localtime.
+# Therefore, the other two directories are now siblings of $(TZDIR).
+# You must replace all of $(TZDIR) to switch from not using leap seconds
+# to using them, or vice versa.
+right_posix:	right_only
+		rm -fr $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-leaps
+		ln -s $(TZDIR_BASENAME) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-leaps || \
+		  $(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-leaps right_only
+		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-posix posix_only
+
+posix_right:	posix_only
+		rm -fr $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-posix
+		ln -s $(TZDIR_BASENAME) $(DESTDIR)$(TZDIR)-posix || \
+		  $(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-posix posix_only
+		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) TZDIR=$(TZDIR)-leaps right_only
+
+# This obsolescent rule is present for backwards compatibility with
+# tz releases 2014g through 2015g.  It should go away eventually.
+posix_packrat:
+		$(MAKE) $(INSTALLARGS) PACKRATDATA=backzone posix_only
+
+zones:		$(REDO)
+
+$(TZS_NEW):	$(TDATA) zdump zic
+		mkdir -p tzs.dir
+		$(zic) -d tzs.dir $(TDATA)
+		$(AWK) '/^Link/{print $$1 "\t" $$2 "\t" $$3}' \
+		   $(TDATA) | LC_ALL=C sort >$@.out
+		wd=`pwd` && \
+		zones=`$(AWK) -v wd="$$wd" \
+				'/^Zone/{print wd "/tzs.dir/" $$2}' $(TDATA) \
+			 | LC_ALL=C sort` && \
+		./zdump -i -c $(TZS_YEAR) $$zones >>$@.out
+		sed 's,^TZ=".*tzs\.dir/,TZ=",' $@.out >$@.sed.out
+		rm -fr tzs.dir $@.out
+		mv $@.sed.out $@
+
+# If $(TZS) does not already exist (e.g., old-format tarballs), create it.
+# If it exists but 'make check_tzs' fails, a maintainer should inspect the
+# failed output and fix the inconsistency, perhaps by running 'make force_tzs'.
+$(TZS):
+		$(MAKE) force_tzs
+
+force_tzs:	$(TZS_NEW)
+		cp $(TZS_NEW) $(TZS)
+
+libtz.a:	$(LIBOBJS)
+		$(AR) ru $@ $(LIBOBJS)
+		$(RANLIB) $@
+
+date:		$(DATEOBJS)
+		$(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(DATEOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
+
+tzselect:	tzselect.ksh version
+		VERSION=`cat version` && sed \
+			-e 's|#!/bin/bash|#!$(KSHELL)|g' \
+			-e 's|AWK=[^}]*|AWK=$(AWK)|g' \
+			-e 's|\(PKGVERSION\)=.*|\1='\''($(PACKAGE)) '\''|' \
+			-e 's|\(REPORT_BUGS_TO\)=.*|\1=$(BUGEMAIL)|' \
+			-e 's|TZDIR=[^}]*|TZDIR=$(TZDIR)|' \
+			-e 's|\(TZVERSION\)=.*|\1='"$$VERSION"'|' \
+			<$@.ksh >$@.out
+		chmod +x $@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+check:		check_character_set check_white_space check_links check_sorted \
+		  check_tables check_tzs check_web
+
+check_character_set: $(ENCHILADA)
+		LC_ALL=en_US.utf8 && export LC_ALL && \
+		sharp='#' && \
+		! grep -Env $(SAFE_LINE) $(MANS) date.1 $(MANTXTS) \
+			$(MISC) $(SOURCES) $(WEB_PAGES) \
+			CONTRIBUTING LICENSE Makefile README version && \
+		! grep -Env $(SAFE_SHARP_LINE) $(TDATA) backzone \
+			leapseconds yearistype.sh zone.tab && \
+		! grep -Env $(OK_LINE) $(ENCHILADA)
+
+check_white_space: $(ENCHILADA)
+		patfmt=' \t|[\f\r\v]' && pat=`printf "$$patfmt\\n"` && \
+		! grep -En "$$pat" $(ENCHILADA)
+		! grep -n '[[:space:]]$$' $(ENCHILADA)
+
+CHECK_CC_LIST = { n = split($$1,a,/,/); for (i=2; i<=n; i++) print a[1], a[i]; }
+
+check_sorted: backward backzone iso3166.tab zone.tab zone1970.tab
+		$(AWK) '/^Link/ {print $$3}' backward | LC_ALL=C sort -cu
+		$(AWK) '/^Zone/ {print $$2}' backzone | LC_ALL=C sort -cu
+		$(AWK) '/^[^#]/ {print $$1}' iso3166.tab | LC_ALL=C sort -cu
+		$(AWK) '/^[^#]/ {print $$1}' zone.tab | LC_ALL=C sort -c
+		$(AWK) '/^[^#]/ {print substr($$0, 1, 2)}' zone1970.tab | \
+		  LC_ALL=C sort -c
+		$(AWK) '/^[^#]/ $(CHECK_CC_LIST)' zone1970.tab | \
+		  LC_ALL=C sort -cu
+
+check_links:	checklinks.awk $(TDATA)
+		$(AWK) -f checklinks.awk $(TDATA)
+
+check_tables:	checktab.awk $(PRIMARY_YDATA) $(ZONETABLES)
+		for tab in $(ZONETABLES); do \
+		  $(AWK) -f checktab.awk -v zone_table=$$tab $(PRIMARY_YDATA) \
+		    || exit; \
+		done
+
+check_tzs:	$(TZS) $(TZS_NEW)
+		diff -u $(TZS) $(TZS_NEW)
+
+check_web:	$(WEB_PAGES)
+		$(VALIDATE_ENV) $(VALIDATE) $(VALIDATE_FLAGS) $(WEB_PAGES)
+
+clean_misc:
+		rm -f core *.o *.out \
+		  date tzselect version.h zdump zic yearistype libtz.a
+clean:		clean_misc
+		rm -fr *.dir tzdb-*/ $(TZS_NEW)
+
+maintainer-clean: clean
+		@echo 'This command is intended for maintainers to use; it'
+		@echo 'deletes files that may need special tools to rebuild.'
+		rm -f leapseconds version $(MANTXTS) $(TZS) *.asc *.tar.*
+
+names:
+		@echo $(ENCHILADA)
+
+public:		check check_public $(CHECK_TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES) \
+		tarballs signatures
+
+date.1.txt:	date.1
+newctime.3.txt:	newctime.3
+newstrftime.3.txt: newstrftime.3
+newtzset.3.txt:	newtzset.3
+time2posix.3.txt: time2posix.3
+tzfile.5.txt:	tzfile.5
+tzselect.8.txt:	tzselect.8
+zdump.8.txt:	zdump.8
+zic.8.txt:	zic.8
+
+$(MANTXTS):	workman.sh
+		LC_ALL=C sh workman.sh `expr $@ : '\(.*\)\.txt$$'` >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+# Set the time stamps to those of the git repository, if available,
+# and if the files have not changed since then.
+# This uses GNU 'touch' syntax 'touch -d@N FILE',
+# where N is the number of seconds since 1970.
+# If git or GNU 'touch' is absent, don't bother to sync with git timestamps.
+# Also, set the timestamp of each prebuilt file like 'leapseconds'
+# to be the maximum of the files it depends on.
+set-timestamps.out: $(ENCHILADA)
+		rm -f $@
+		if (type git) >/dev/null 2>&1 && \
+		   files=`git ls-files $(ENCHILADA)` && \
+		   touch -md @1 test.out; then \
+		  rm -f test.out && \
+		  for file in $$files; do \
+		    if git diff --quiet $$file; then \
+		      time=`git log -1 --format='tformat:%ct' $$file` && \
+		      touch -cmd @$$time $$file; \
+		    else \
+		      echo >&2 "$$file: warning: does not match repository"; \
+		    fi || exit; \
+		  done; \
+		fi
+		touch -cmr `ls -t $(LEAP_DEPS) | sed 1q` leapseconds
+		for file in `ls $(MANTXTS) | sed 's/\.txt$$//'`; do \
+		  touch -cmr `ls -t $$file workman.sh | sed 1q` $$file.txt || \
+		    exit; \
+		done
+		touch -cmr `ls -t $(TZS_DEPS) | sed 1q` $(TZS)
+		touch -cmr `ls -t $(VERSION_DEPS) | sed 1q` version
+		touch $@
+
+# The zics below ensure that each data file can stand on its own.
+# We also do an all-files run to catch links to links.
+
+check_public:
+		$(MAKE) maintainer-clean
+		$(MAKE) "CFLAGS=$(GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS)" ALL
+		mkdir -p public.dir
+		for i in $(TDATA) ; do \
+		  $(zic) -v -d public.dir $$i 2>&1 || exit; \
+		done
+		$(zic) -v -d public.dir $(TDATA)
+		rm -fr public.dir
+
+# Check that the code works under various alternative
+# implementations of time_t.
+check_time_t_alternatives:
+		if diff -q Makefile Makefile 2>/dev/null; then \
+		  quiet_option='-q'; \
+		else \
+		  quiet_option=''; \
+		fi && \
+		wd=`pwd` && \
+		zones=`$(AWK) '/^[^#]/ { print $$3 }' <zone1970.tab` && \
+		for type in $(TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES); do \
+		  mkdir -p time_t.dir/$$type && \
+		  $(MAKE) clean_misc && \
+		  $(MAKE) TOPDIR="$$wd/time_t.dir/$$type" \
+		    CFLAGS='$(CFLAGS) -Dtime_tz='"'$$type'" \
+		    REDO='$(REDO)' \
+		    install && \
+		  diff $$quiet_option -r \
+		    time_t.dir/int64_t/etc/zoneinfo \
+		    time_t.dir/$$type/etc/zoneinfo && \
+		  case $$type in \
+		  int32_t) range=-2147483648,2147483647;; \
+		  uint32_t) range=0,4294967296;; \
+		  int64_t) continue;; \
+		  *u*) range=0,10000000000;; \
+		  *) range=-10000000000,10000000000;; \
+		  esac && \
+		  echo checking $$type zones ... && \
+		  time_t.dir/int64_t/etc/zdump -V -t $$range $$zones \
+		      >time_t.dir/int64_t.out && \
+		  time_t.dir/$$type/etc/zdump -V -t $$range $$zones \
+		      >time_t.dir/$$type.out && \
+		  diff -u time_t.dir/int64_t.out time_t.dir/$$type.out \
+		    || exit; \
+		done
+		rm -fr time_t.dir
+
+tarballs traditional_tarballs signatures traditional_signatures: version
+		VERSION=`cat version` && \
+		$(MAKE) VERSION="$$VERSION" $@_version
+
+tarballs_version: traditional_tarballs_version tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz
+traditional_tarballs_version: \
+  tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz
+signatures_version: traditional_signatures_version tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz.asc
+traditional_signatures_version: \
+  tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc \
+
+tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz: set-timestamps.out
+		LC_ALL=C && export LC_ALL && \
+		tar $(TARFLAGS) -cf - \
+		    $(COMMON) $(DOCS) $(SOURCES) | \
+		  gzip $(GZIPFLAGS) >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz: set-timestamps.out
+		LC_ALL=C && export LC_ALL && \
+		tar $(TARFLAGS) -cf - $(COMMON) $(DATA) $(MISC) | \
+		  gzip $(GZIPFLAGS) >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz: set-timestamps.out
+		rm -fr tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		mkdir tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		ln $(ENCHILADA) tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		touch -cmr `ls -t tzdb-$(VERSION)/* | sed 1q` tzdb-$(VERSION)
+		LC_ALL=C && export LC_ALL && \
+		tar $(TARFLAGS) -cf - tzdb-$(VERSION) | lzip -9 >$@.out
+		mv $@.out $@
+
+tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc: tzcode$(VERSION).tar.gz
+		gpg --armor --detach-sign $?
+
+tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz.asc: tzdata$(VERSION).tar.gz
+		gpg --armor --detach-sign $?
+
+tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz.asc: tzdb-$(VERSION).tar.lz
+		gpg --armor --detach-sign $?
+
+typecheck:
+		$(MAKE) clean
+		for i in "long long" unsigned; \
+		do \
+			$(MAKE) CFLAGS="-DTYPECHECK -D__time_t_defined -D_TIME_T \"-Dtime_t=$$i\"" ; \
+			./zdump -v Europe/Rome ; \
+			$(MAKE) clean ; \
+		done
+
+zonenames:	$(TDATA)
+		@$(AWK) '/^Zone/ { print $$2 } /^Link/ { print $$3 }' $(TDATA)
+
+asctime.o:	private.h tzfile.h
+date.o:		private.h
+difftime.o:	private.h
+localtime.o:	private.h tzfile.h
+strftime.o:	private.h tzfile.h
+zdump.o:	version.h
+zic.o:		private.h tzfile.h version.h
+
+.KEEP_STATE:
+
+.PHONY: ALL INSTALL all
+.PHONY: check check_character_set check_links
+.PHONY: check_public check_sorted check_tables
+.PHONY: check_time_t_alternatives check_tzs check_web check_white_space
+.PHONY: clean clean_misc force_tzs
+.PHONY: install install_data maintainer-clean names
+.PHONY: posix_only posix_packrat posix_right
+.PHONY: public right_only right_posix signatures signatures_version
+.PHONY: tarballs tarballs_version typecheck
+.PHONY: zonenames zones
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..da5c2a5717cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -0,0 +1,3782 @@
+News for the tz database
+
+Release 2016i - 2016-11-01 23:19:52 -0700
+
+  Briefly: Cyprus split into two time zones on 2016-10-30, and Tonga
+  reintroduces DST on 2016-11-06.
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Pacific/Tongatapu begins DST on 2016-11-06 at 02:00, ending on
+    2017-01-15 at 03:00.  Assume future observances in Tonga will be
+    from the first Sunday in November through the third Sunday in
+    January, like Fiji.  (Thanks to Pulu ʻAnau.)  Switch to numeric
+    time zone abbreviations for this zone.
+
+  Changes to past and future time stamps
+
+    Northern Cyprus is now +03 year round, causing a split in Cyprus
+    time zones starting 2016-10-30 at 04:00.  This creates a zone
+    Asia/Famagusta.  (Thanks to Even Scharning and Matt Johnson.)
+
+    Antarctica/Casey switched from +08 to +11 on 2016-10-22.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    Several corrections were made for pre-1975 time stamps in Italy.
+    These affect Europe/Malta, Europe/Rome, Europe/San_Marino, and
+    Europe/Vatican.
+
+    First, the 1893-11-01 00:00 transition in Italy used the new UT
+    offset (+01), not the old (+00:49:56).  (Thanks to Michael
+    Deckers.)
+
+    Second, rules for daylight saving in Italy were changed to agree
+    with Italy's National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM)
+    except for 1944, as follows (thanks to Pierpaolo Bernardi, Brian
+    Inglis, and Michael Deckers):
+
+      The 1916-06-03 transition was at 24:00, not 00:00.
+
+      The 1916-10-01, 1919-10-05, and 1920-09-19 transitions were at
+      00:00, not 01:00.
+
+      The 1917-09-30 and 1918-10-06 transitions were at 24:00, not
+      01:00.
+
+      The 1944-09-17 transition was at 03:00, not 01:00.  This
+      particular change is taken from Italian law as INRiM's table,
+      (which says 02:00) appears to have a typo here.  Also, keep the
+      1944-04-03 transition for Europe/Rome, as Rome was controlled by
+      Germany then.
+
+      The 1967-1970 and 1972-1974 fallback transitions were at 01:00,
+      not 00:00.
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    The code should now be buildable on AmigaOS merely by setting the
+    appropriate Makefile variables.  (From a patch by Carsten Larsen.)
+
+
+Release 2016h - 2016-10-19 23:17:57 -0700
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron end DST on 2016-10-29 at 01:00, not
+    2016-10-21 at 00:00.  (Thanks to Sharef Mustafa.)  Predict that
+    future fall transitions will be on the last Saturday of October
+    at 01:00, which is consistent with predicted spring transitions
+    on the last Saturday of March.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    In Turkey, transitions in 1986-1990 were at 01:00 standard time
+    not at 02:00, and the spring 1994 transition was on March 20, not
+    March 27.  (Thanks to Kıvanç Yazan.)
+
+  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
+
+    Asia/Colombo now uses numeric time zone abbreviations like "+0530"
+    instead of alphabetic ones like "IST" and "LKT".  Various
+    English-language sources use "IST", "LKT" and "SLST", with no
+    working consensus.  (Usage of "SLST" mentioned by Sadika
+    Sumanapala.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic no longer mishandles relativizing file names when creating
+    symbolic links like /etc/localtime, when these symbolic links
+    are outside the usual directory hierarchy.  This fixes a bug
+    introduced in 2016g.  (Problem reported by Andreas Stieger.)
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    New rules 'traditional_tarballs' and 'traditional_signatures' for
+    building just the traditional-format distribution.  (Requested by
+    Deborah Goldsmith.)
+
+    The file 'version' is now put into the tzdata tarball too.
+    (Requested by Howard Hinnant.)
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    The 'Theory' file now has a section on interface stability.
+    (Requested by Paul Koning.)  It also mentions features like
+    tm_zone and localtime_rz that have long been supported by the
+    reference code.
+
+    tz-link.htm has improved coverage of time zone boundaries suitable
+    for geolocation.  (Thanks to heads-ups from Evan Siroky and Matt
+    Johnson.)
+
+    The US commentary now mentions Allen and the "day of two noons".
+
+    The Fiji commentary mentions the government's 2016-10-03 press
+    release.  (Thanks to Raymond Kumar.)
+
+
+Release 2016g - 2016-09-13 08:56:38 -0700
+
+  Changes to future time stamps
+
+    Turkey switched from EET/EEST (+02/+03) to permanent +03,
+    effective 2016-09-07.  (Thanks to Burak AYDIN.)  Use "+03" rather
+    than an invented abbreviation for the new time.
+
+    New leap second 2016-12-31 23:59:60 UTC as per IERS Bulletin C 52.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
+
+  Changes to past time stamps
+
+    For America/Los_Angeles, spring-forward transition times have been
+    corrected from 02:00 to 02:01 in 1948, and from 02:00 to 01:00 in
+    1950-1966.
+
+    For zones using Soviet time on 1919-07-01, transitions to UT-based
+    time were at 00:00 UT, not at 02:00 local time.  The affected
+    zones are Europe/Kirov, Europe/Moscow, Europe/Samara, and
+    Europe/Ulyanovsk.  (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky.)
+
+  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
+
+    The Factory zone now uses the time zone abbreviation -00 instead
+    of a long English-language string, as -00 is now the normal way to
+    represent an undefined time zone.
+
+    Several zones in Antarctica and the former Soviet Union, along
+    with zones intended for ships at sea that cannot use POSIX TZ
+    strings, now use numeric time zone abbreviations instead of
+    invented or obsolete alphanumeric abbreviations.  The affected
+    zones are Antarctica/Casey, Antarctica/Davis,
+    Antarctica/DumontDUrville, Antarctica/Mawson, Antarctica/Rothera,
+    Antarctica/Syowa, Antarctica/Troll, Antarctica/Vostok,
+    Asia/Anadyr, Asia/Ashgabat, Asia/Baku, Asia/Bishkek, Asia/Chita,
+    Asia/Dushanbe, Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Kamchatka, Asia/Khandyga,
+    Asia/Krasnoyarsk, Asia/Magadan, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Sakhalin,
+    Asia/Samarkand, Asia/Srednekolymsk, Asia/Tashkent, Asia/Tbilisi,
+    Asia/Ust-Nera, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yakutsk, Asia/Yekaterinburg,
+    Asia/Yerevan, Etc/GMT-14, Etc/GMT-13, Etc/GMT-12, Etc/GMT-11,
+    Etc/GMT-10, Etc/GMT-9, Etc/GMT-8, Etc/GMT-7, Etc/GMT-6, Etc/GMT-5,
+    Etc/GMT-4, Etc/GMT-3, Etc/GMT-2, Etc/GMT-1, Etc/GMT+1, Etc/GMT+2,
+    Etc/GMT+3, Etc/GMT+4, Etc/GMT+5, Etc/GMT+6, Etc/GMT+7, Etc/GMT+8,
+    Etc/GMT+9, Etc/GMT+10, Etc/GMT+11, Etc/GMT+12, Europe/Kaliningrad,
+    Europe/Minsk, Europe/Samara, Europe/Volgograd, and
+    Indian/Kerguelen.  For Europe/Moscow the invented abbreviation MSM
+    was replaced by +05, whereas MSK and MSD were kept as they are not
+    our invention and are widely used.
+
+  Changes to zone names
+
+    Rename Asia/Rangoon to Asia/Yangon, with a backward compatibility link.
+    (Thanks to David Massoud.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic no longer generates binary files containing POSIX TZ-like
+    strings that disagree with the local time type after the last
+    explicit transition in the data.  This fixes a bug with
+    Africa/Casablanca and Africa/El_Aaiun in some year-2037 time
+    stamps on the reference platform.  (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky
+    for reporting the bug and suggesting a way forward.)
+
+    If the installed localtime and/or posixrules files are symbolic
+    links, zic now keeps them symbolic links when updating them, for
+    compatibility with platforms like OpenSUSE where other programs
+    configure these files as symlinks.
+
+    zic now avoids hard linking to symbolic links, avoids some
+    unnecessary mkdir and stat system calls, and uses shorter file
+    names internally.
+
+    zdump has a new -i option to generate transitions in a
+    more-compact but still human-readable format.  This option is
+    experimental, and the output format may change in future versions.
+    (Thanks to Jon Skeet for suggesting that an option was needed,
+    and thanks to Tim Parenti and Chris Rovick for further comments.)
+
+  Changes to build procedure
+
+    An experimental distribution format is available, in addition
+    to the traditional format which will continue to be distributed.
+    The new format is a tarball tzdb-VERSION.tar.lz with signature
+    file tzdb-VERSION.tar.lz.asc.  It unpacks to a top-level directory
+    tzdb-VERSION containing the code and data of the traditional
+    two-tarball format, along with extra data that may be useful.
+    (Thanks to Antonio Diaz Diaz, Oscar van Vlijmen, and many others
+    for comments about the experimental format.)
+
+    The release version number is now more accurate in the usual case
+    where releases are built from a Git repository.  For example, if
+    23 commits and some working-file changes have been made since
+    release 2016g, the version number is now something like
+    '2016g-23-g50556e3-dirty' instead of the misleading '2016g'.
+    Official releases uses the same version number format as before,
+    e.g., '2016g'.  To support the more-accurate version number, its
+    specification has moved from a line in the Makefile to a new
+    source file 'version'.
+
+    The experimental distribution contains a file to2050.tzs that
+    contains what should be the output of 'zdump -i -c 2050' on
+    primary zones.  If this file is available, 'make check' now checks
+    that zdump generates this output.
+
+    'make check_web' now works on Fedora-like distributions.
+
+  Changes to documentation and commentary
+
+    tzfile.5 now documents the new restriction on POSIX TZ-like
+    strings that is now implemented by zic.
+
+    Comments now cite URLs for some 1917-1921 Russian DST decrees.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky.)
+
+    tz-link.htm mentions JuliaTime (thanks to Curtis Vogt) and Time4J
+    (thanks to Meno Hochschild) and ThreeTen-Extra, and its
+    description of Java 8 has been brought up to date (thanks to
+    Stephen Colebourne).  Its description of local time on Mars has
+    been updated to match current practice, and URLs have been updated
+    and some obsolete ones removed.
+
+
+Release 2016f - 2016-07-05 16:26:51 +0200
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    The Egyptian government changed its mind on short notice, and
+    Africa/Cairo will not introduce DST starting 2016-07-07 after all.
+    (Thanks to Mina Samuel.)
+
+    Asia/Novosibirsk switches from +06 to +07 on 2016-07-24 at 02:00.
+    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes to past and future time stamps
+
+    Asia/Novokuznetsk and Asia/Novosibirsk now use numeric time zone
+    abbreviations instead of invented ones.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Europe/Minsk's 1992-03-29 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 not 00:00.
+    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+
+Release 2016e - 2016-06-14 08:46:16 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Africa/Cairo observes DST in 2016 from July 7 to the end of October.
+    Guess October 27 and 24:00 transitions.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+    For future years, guess April's last Thursday to October's last
+    Thursday except for Ramadan.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Locations while uninhabited now use '-00', not 'zzz', as a
+    placeholder time zone abbreviation.  This is inspired by Internet
+    RFC 3339 and is more consistent with numeric time zone
+    abbreviations already used elsewhere.  The change affects several
+    arctic and antarctic locations, e.g., America/Cambridge_Bay before
+    1920 and Antarctica/Troll before 2005.
+
+    Asia/Baku's 1992-09-27 transition from +04 (DST) to +04 (non-DST) was
+    at 03:00, not 23:00 the previous day.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    zic now outputs a dummy transition at time 2**31 - 1 in zones
+    whose POSIX-style TZ strings contain a '<'.  This mostly works
+    around Qt bug 53071 <https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-53071>.
+    (Thanks to Zhanibek Adilbekov for reporting the Qt bug.)
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    tz-link.htm says why governments should give plenty of notice for
+    time zone or DST changes, and refers to Matt Johnson's blog post.
+
+    tz-link.htm mentions Tzdata for Elixir.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
+
+
+Release 2016d - 2016-04-17 22:50:29 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    America/Caracas switches from -0430 to -04 on 2016-05-01 at 02:30.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev for the heads-up.)
+
+    Asia/Magadan switches from +10 to +11 on 2016-04-24 at 02:00.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev and Matt Johnson.)
+
+    New zone Asia/Tomsk, split off from Asia/Novosibirsk.  It covers
+    Tomsk Oblast, Russia, which switches from +06 to +07 on 2016-05-29
+    at 02:00.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    New zone Europe/Kirov, split off from Europe/Volgograd.  It covers
+    Kirov Oblast, Russia, which switched from +04/+05 to +03/+04 on
+    1989-03-26 at 02:00, roughly a year after Europe/Volgograd made
+    the same change.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+    Russia and nearby locations had daylight-saving transitions on
+    1992-03-29 at 02:00 and 1992-09-27 at 03:00, instead of on
+    1992-03-28 at 23:00 and 1992-09-26 at 23:00.  (Thanks to Stepan
+    Golosunov.)
+
+    Many corrections to historical time in Kazakhstan from 1991
+    through 2005.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)  Replace Kazakhstan's
+    invented time zone abbreviations with numeric abbreviations.
+
+  Changes to commentary
+
+    Mention Internet RFCs 7808 (TZDIST) and 7809 (CalDAV time zone references).
+
+
+Release 2016c - 2016-03-23 00:51:27 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Azerbaijan no longer observes DST.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Chile reverts from permanent to seasonal DST.  (Thanks to Juan
+    Correa for the heads-up, and to Tim Parenti for corrections.)
+    Guess that future transitions are August's and May's second
+    Saturdays at 24:00 mainland time.  Also, call the period from
+    2014-09-07 through 2016-05-14 daylight saving time instead of
+    standard time, as that seems more appropriate now.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Europe/Kaliningrad and Europe/Vilnius changed from +03/+04 to
+    +02/+03 on 1989-03-26, not 1991-03-31.  Europe/Volgograd changed
+    from +04/+05 to +03/+04 on 1988-03-27, not 1989-03-26.
+    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes to commentary
+
+    Several updates and URLs for historical and proposed Russian changes.
+    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov, Matt Johnson, and Alexander Krivenyshev.)
+
+
+Release 2016b - 2016-03-12 17:30:14 -0800
+
+  Compatibility note
+
+    Starting with release 2016b, some data entries cause zic implementations
+    derived from tz releases 2005j through 2015e to issue warnings like
+    "time zone abbreviation differs from POSIX standard (+03)".
+    These warnings should not otherwise affect zic's output and can safely be
+    ignored on today's platforms, as the warnings refer to a restriction in
+    POSIX.1-1988 that was removed in POSIX.1-2001.  One way to suppress the
+    warnings is to upgrade to zic derived from tz releases 2015f and later.
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    New zones Europe/Astrakhan and Europe/Ulyanovsk for Astrakhan and
+    Ulyanovsk Oblasts, Russia, both of which will switch from +03 to +04 on
+    2016-03-27 at 02:00 local time.  They need distinct zones since their
+    post-1970 histories disagree.  New zone Asia/Barnaul for Altai Krai and
+    Altai Republic, Russia, which will switch from +06 to +07 on the same date
+    and local time.  The Astrakhan change is already official; the others have
+    passed the first reading in the State Duma and are extremely likely.
+    Also, Asia/Sakhalin moves from +10 to +11 on 2016-03-27 at 02:00.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev for the heads-up, and to Matt Johnson
+    and Stepan Golosunov for followup.)
+
+    As a trial of a new system that needs less information to be made up,
+    the new zones use numeric time zone abbreviations like "+04"
+    instead of invented abbreviations like "ASTT".
+
+    Haiti will not observe DST in 2016.  (Thanks to Jean Antoine via
+    Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Palestine's spring-forward transition on 2016-03-26 is at 01:00, not 00:00.
+    (Thanks to Hannah Kreitem.) Guess future transitions will be March's last
+    Saturday at 01:00, not March's last Friday at 24:00.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Europe/Chisinau observed DST during 1990, and switched from +04 to
+    +03 at 1990-05-06 02:00, instead of switching from +03 to +02.
+    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+    1991 abbreviations in Europe/Samara should be SAMT/SAMST, not
+    KUYT/KUYST.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    tzselect's diagnostics and checking, and checktab.awk's checking,
+    have been improved.  (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
+
+    tzcode now builds under MinGW.  (Thanks to Ian Abbott and Esben Haabendal.)
+
+    tzselect now tests Julian-date TZ settings more accurately.
+    (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
+
+  Changes to commentary
+
+    Comments in zone tables have been improved.  (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
+
+    tzselect again limits its menu comments so that menus fit on a
+    24x80 alphanumeric display.
+
+    A new web page tz-how-to.html.  (Thanks to Bill Seymour.)
+
+    In the Theory file, the description of possible time zone abbreviations in
+    tzdata has been cleaned up, as the old description was unclear and
+    inconsistent.  (Thanks to Alain Mouette for reporting the problem.)
+
+
+Release 2016a - 2016-01-26 23:28:02 -0800
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    America/Cayman will not observe daylight saving this year after all.
+    Revert our guess that it would.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
+
+    Asia/Chita switches from +0800 to +0900 on 2016-03-27 at 02:00.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)
+
+    Asia/Tehran now has DST predictions for the year 2038 and later,
+    to be March 21 00:00 to September 21 00:00.  This is likely better
+    than predicting no DST, albeit off by a day every now and then.
+
+  Changes affecting past and future time stamps
+
+    America/Metlakatla switched from PST all year to AKST/AKDT on
+    2015-11-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    America/Santa_Isabel has been removed, and replaced with a
+    backward compatibility link to America/Tijuana.  Its contents were
+    apparently based on a misreading of Mexican legislation.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Asia/Karachi's two transition times in 2002 were off by a minute.
+    (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
+
+  Changes affecting build procedure
+
+    An installer can now combine leap seconds with use of the backzone file,
+    e.g., with 'make PACKRATDATA=backzone REDO=posix_right zones'.
+    The old 'make posix_packrat' rule is now marked as obsolescent.
+    (Thanks to Ian Abbott for an initial implementation.)
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    A new file LICENSE makes it easier to see that the code and data
+    are mostly public-domain.  (Thanks to James Knight.)  The three
+    non-public-domain files now use the current (3-clause) BSD license
+    instead of older versions of that license.
+
+    tz-link.htm mentions the BDE library (thanks to Andrew Paprocki),
+    CCTZ (thanks to Tim Parenti), TimeJones.com, and has a new section
+    on editing tz source files (with a mention of Sublime zoneinfo,
+    thanks to Gilmore Davidson).
+
+    The Theory and asia files now mention the 2015 book "The Global
+    Transformation of Time, 1870-1950", and cite a couple of reviews.
+
+    The America/Chicago entry now documents the informal use of US
+    central time in Fort Pierre, South Dakota.  (Thanks to Rick
+    McDermid, Matt Johnson, and Steve Jones.)
+
+
+Release 2015g - 2015-10-01 00:39:51 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Turkey's 2015 fall-back transition is scheduled for Nov. 8, not Oct. 25.
+    (Thanks to Fatih.)
+
+    Norfolk moves from +1130 to +1100 on 2015-10-04 at 02:00 local time.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)
+
+    Fiji's 2016 fall-back transition is scheduled for January 17, not 24.
+    (Thanks to Ken Rylander.)
+
+    Fort Nelson, British Columbia will not fall back on 2015-11-01.  It has
+    effectively been on MST (-0700) since it advanced its clocks on 2015-03-08.
+    New zone America/Fort_Nelson.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Norfolk observed DST from 1974-10-27 02:00 to 1975-03-02 02:00.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    localtime no longer mishandles America/Anchorage after 2037.
+    (Thanks to Bradley White for reporting the bug.)
+
+    On hosts with signed 32-bit time_t, localtime no longer mishandles
+    Pacific/Fiji after 2038-01-16 14:00 UTC.
+
+    The localtime module allows the variables 'timezone', 'daylight',
+    and 'altzone' to be in common storage shared with other modules,
+    and declares them in case the system <time.h> does not.
+    (Problems reported by Kees Dekker.)
+
+    On platforms with tm_zone, strftime.c now assumes it is not NULL.
+    This simplifies the code and is consistent with zdump.c.
+    (Problem reported by Christos Zoulas.)
+
+  Changes affecting documentation
+
+   The tzfile man page now documents that transition times denote the
+   starts (not the ends) of the corresponding time periods.
+   (Ambiguity reported by Bill Seymour.)
+
+
+Release 2015f - 2015-08-10 18:06:56 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    North Korea switches to +0830 on 2015-08-15.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+    The abbreviation remains "KST".  (Thanks to Robert Elz.)
+
+    Uruguay no longer observes DST.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen
+    and Pablo Camargo.)
+
+  Changes affecting past and future time stamps
+
+    Moldova starts and ends DST at 00:00 UTC, not at 01:00 UTC.
+    (Thanks to Roman Tudos.)
+
+  Changes affecting data format and code
+
+    zic's '-y YEARISTYPE' option is no longer documented.  The TYPE
+    field of a Rule line should now be '-'; the old values 'even',
+    'odd', 'uspres', 'nonpres', 'nonuspres' were already undocumented.
+    Although the implementation has not changed, these features do not
+    work in the default installation, they are not used in the data,
+    and they are now considered obsolescent.
+
+    zic now checks that two rules don't take effect at the same time.
+    (Thanks to Jon Skeet and Arthur David Olson.)  Constraints on
+    simultaneity are now documented.
+
+    The two characters '%z' in a zone format now stand for the UTC
+    offset, e.g., '-07' for seven hours behind UTC and '+0530' for
+    five hours and thirty minutes ahead.  This better supports time
+    zone abbreviations conforming to POSIX.1-2001 and later.
+
+  Changes affecting installed data files
+
+    Comments for America/Halifax and America/Glace_Bay have been improved.
+    (Thanks to Brian Inglis.)
+
+    Data entries have been simplified for Atlantic/Canary, Europe/Simferopol,
+    Europe/Sofia, and Europe/Tallinn.  This yields slightly smaller
+    installed data files for Europe/Simferopol and Europe/Tallinn.
+    It does not affect timestamps.  (Thanks to Howard Hinnant.)
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    zdump and zic no longer warn about valid time zone abbreviations
+    like '-05'.
+
+    Some Visual Studio 2013 warnings have been suppressed.
+    (Thanks to Kees Dekker.)
+
+    'date' no longer sets the time of day and its -a, -d, -n and -t
+    options have been removed.  Long obsolescent, the implementation
+    of these features had porting problems.  Builders no longer need
+    to configure HAVE_ADJTIME, HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY, or HAVE_UTMPX_H.
+    (Thanks to Kees Dekker for pointing out the problem.)
+
+  Changes affecting documentation
+
+    The Theory file mentions naming issues earlier, as these seem to be
+    poorly publicized (thanks to Gilmore Davidson for reporting the problem).
+
+    tz-link.htm mentions Time Zone Database Parser (thanks to Howard Hinnant).
+
+    Mention that Herbert Samuel introduced the term "Summer Time".
+
+
+Release 2015e - 2015-06-13 10:56:02 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Morocco will suspend DST from 2015-06-14 03:00 through 2015-07-19 02:00,
+    not 06-13 and 07-18 as we had guessed.  (Thanks to Milamber.)
+
+    Assume Cayman Islands will observe DST starting next year, using US rules.
+    Although it isn't guaranteed, it is the most likely.
+
+  Changes affecting data format
+
+    The file 'iso3166.tab' now uses UTF-8, so that its entries can better
+    spell the names of Åland Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, and Réunion.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    When displaying data, tzselect converts it to the current locale's
+    encoding if the iconv command works.  (Problem reported by random832.)
+
+    tzselect no longer mishandles Dominica, fixing a bug introduced
+    in Release 2014f.  (Problem reported by Owen Leibman.)
+
+    zic -l no longer fails when compiled with -DTZDEFAULT=\"/etc/localtime\".
+    This fixes a bug introduced in Release 2014f.
+    (Problem reported by Leonardo Chiquitto.)
+
+
+Release 2015d - 2015-04-24 08:09:46 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Egypt will not observe DST in 2015 and will consider canceling it
+    permanently.  For now, assume no DST indefinitely.
+    (Thanks to Ahmed Nazmy and Tim Parenti.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    America/Whitehorse switched from UT -09 to -08 on 1967-05-28, not
+    1966-07-01.  Also, Yukon's time zone history is documented better.
+    (Thanks to Brian Inglis and Dennis Ferguson.)
+
+  Change affecting past and future time zone abbreviations
+
+    The abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian standard and daylight times
+    have been changed from HAST/HADT to HST/HDT, as per US Government
+    Printing Office style.  This affects only America/Adak since 1983,
+    as America/Honolulu was already using the new style.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+   zic has some minor performance improvements.
+
+
+Release 2015c - 2015-04-11 08:55:55 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Egypt's spring-forward transition is at 24:00 on April's last Thursday,
+    not 00:00 on April's last Friday.  2015's transition will therefore be on
+    Thursday, April 30 at 24:00, not Friday, April 24 at 00:00.  Similar fixes
+    apply to 2026, 2037, 2043, etc.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    The following changes affect some pre-1991 Chile-related time stamps
+    in America/Santiago, Antarctica/Palmer, and Pacific/Easter.
+
+      The 1910 transition was January 10, not January 1.
+
+      The 1918 transition was September 10, not September 1.
+
+      The UT -04 time observed from 1932 to 1942 is now considered to
+      be standard time, not year-round DST.
+
+      Santiago observed DST (UT -03) from 1946-07-15 through
+      1946-08-31, then reverted to standard time, then switched to -05
+      on 1947-04-01.
+
+      Assume transitions before 1968 were at 00:00, since we have no data
+      saying otherwise.
+
+      The spring 1988 transition was 1988-10-09, not 1988-10-02.
+      The fall 1990 transition was 1990-03-11, not 1990-03-18.
+
+      Assume no UTC offset change for Pacific/Easter on 1890-01-01,
+      and omit all transitions on Pacific/Easter from 1942 through 1946
+      since we have no data suggesting that they existed.
+
+    One more zone has been turned into a link, as it differed
+    from an existing zone only for older time stamps.  As usual,
+    this change affects UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    The zone's old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
+    The affected zone is America/Montreal.
+
+  Changes affecting commentary
+
+    Mention the TZUpdater tool.
+
+    Mention "The Time Now".  (Thanks to Brandon Ramsey.)
+
+
+Release 2015b - 2015-03-19 23:28:11 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Mongolia will start observing DST again this year, from the last
+    Saturday in March at 02:00 to the last Saturday in September at 00:00.
+    (Thanks to Ganbold Tsagaankhuu.)
+
+    Palestine will start DST on March 28, not March 27.  Also,
+    correct the fall 2014 transition from September 26 to October 24.
+    Adjust future predictions accordingly.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    The 1982 zone shift in Pacific/Easter has been corrected, fixing a 2015a
+    regression.  (Thanks to Stuart Bishop for reporting the problem.)
+
+    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
+    from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
+    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
+    The affected zones are: America/Antigua, America/Cayman,
+    Pacific/Midway, and Pacific/Saipan.
+
+  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations
+
+    Correct the 1992-2010 DST abbreviation in Volgograd from "MSK" to "MSD".
+    (Thanks to Hank W.)
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    Fix integer overflow bug in reference 'mktime' implementation.
+    (Problem reported by Jörg Richter.)
+
+    Allow -Dtime_tz=time_t compilations, and allow -Dtime_tz=... libraries
+    to be used in the same executable as standard-library time_t functions.
+    (Problems reported by Bradley White.)
+
+  Changes affecting commentary
+
+    Cite the recent Mexican decree changing Quintana Roo's time zone.
+    (Thanks to Carlos Raúl Perasso.)
+
+    Likewise for the recent Chilean decree.  (Thanks to Eduardo Romero Urra.)
+
+    Update info about Mars time.
+
+
+Release 2015a - 2015-01-29 22:35:20 -0800
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    The Mexican state of Quintana Roo, represented by America/Cancun,
+    will shift from Central Time with DST to Eastern Time without DST
+    on 2015-02-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Gwillim Law.)
+
+    Chile will not change clocks in April or thereafter; its new standard time
+    will be its old daylight saving time.  This affects America/Santiago,
+    Pacific/Easter, and Antarctica/Palmer.  (Thanks to Juan Correa.)
+
+    New leap second 2015-06-30 23:59:60 UTC as per IERS Bulletin C 49.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Iceland observed DST in 1919 and 1921, and its 1939 fallback
+    transition was Oct. 29, not Nov. 29.  Remove incorrect data from
+    Shanks about time in Iceland between 1837 and 1908.
+
+    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
+    from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
+    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
+    The affected zones are: Asia/Aden, Asia/Bahrain, Asia/Kuwait,
+    and Asia/Muscat.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    tzalloc now scrubs time zone abbreviations compatibly with the way
+    that tzset always has, by replacing invalid bytes with '_' and by
+    shortening too-long abbreviations.
+
+    tzselect ports to POSIX awk implementations, no longer mishandles
+    POSIX TZ settings when GNU awk is used, and reports POSIX TZ
+    settings to the user.  (Thanks to Stefan Kuhn.)
+
+  Changes affecting build procedure
+
+    'make check' now checks for links to links in the data.
+    One such link (for Africa/Asmera) has been fixed.
+    (Thanks to Stephen Colebourne for pointing out the problem.)
+
+  Changes affecting commentary
+
+    The leapseconds file commentary now mentions the expiration date.
+    (Problem reported by Martin Burnicki.)
+
+    Update Mexican Library of Congress URL.
+
+
+Release 2014j - 2014-11-10 17:37:11 -0800
+
+  Changes affecting current and future time stamps
+
+    Turks & Caicos' switch from US eastern time to UT -04 year-round
+    did not occur on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.  It's currently scheduled
+    for 2015-11-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Chris Walton.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Many pre-1989 time stamps have been corrected for Asia/Seoul and
+    Asia/Pyongyang, based on sources for the Korean-language Wikipedia
+    entry for time in Korea.  (Thanks to Sanghyuk Jung.)  Also, no
+    longer guess that Pyongyang mimicked Seoul time after World War II,
+    as this is politically implausible.
+
+    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
+    from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
+    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
+    The affected zones are: Africa/Addis_Ababa, Africa/Asmara,
+    Africa/Dar_es_Salaam, Africa/Djibouti, Africa/Kampala,
+    Africa/Mogadishu, Indian/Antananarivo, Indian/Comoro, and
+    Indian/Mayotte.
+
+  Changes affecting commentary
+
+    The commentary is less enthusiastic about Shanks as a source,
+    and is more careful to distinguish UT from UTC.
+
+
+Release 2014i - 2014-10-21 22:04:57 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Pacific/Fiji will observe DST from 2014-11-02 02:00 to 2015-01-18 03:00.
+    (Thanks to Ken Rylander for the heads-up.)  Guess that future
+    years will use a similar pattern.
+
+    A new Zone Pacific/Bougainville, for the part of Papua New Guinea
+    that plans to switch from UT +10 to +11 on 2014-12-28 at 02:00.
+    (Thanks to Kiley Walbom for the heads-up.)
+
+  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations
+
+    Since Belarus is not changing its clocks even though Moscow is,
+    the time zone abbreviation in Europe/Minsk is changing from FET
+    to its more-traditional value MSK on 2014-10-26 at 01:00.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Bokovoy for the heads-up about Belarus.)
+
+    The new abbreviation IDT stands for the pre-1976 use of UT +08 in
+    Indochina, to distinguish it better from ICT (+07).
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Many time stamps have been corrected for Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh before 1976
+    (thanks to Trần Ngọc Quân for an indirect pointer to Trần Tiến Bình's
+    authoritative book).  Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh has been added to
+    zone1970.tab, to give tzselect users in Vietnam two choices,
+    since north and south Vietnam disagreed after our 1970 cutoff.
+
+    Asia/Phnom_Penh and Asia/Vientiane have been turned into links, as
+    they differed from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As
+    usual, these changes affect pre-1970 time stamps only.  Their old
+    contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    The time-related library functions now set errno on failure, and
+    some crashes in the new tzalloc-related library functions have
+    been fixed.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas for reporting most of
+    these problems and for suggesting fixes.)
+
+    If USG_COMPAT is defined and the requested time stamp is standard time,
+    the tz library's localtime and mktime functions now set the extern
+    variable timezone to a value appropriate for that time stamp; and
+    similarly for ALTZONE, daylight saving time, and the altzone variable.
+    This change is a companion to the tzname change in 2014h, and is
+    designed to make timezone and altzone more compatible with tzname.
+
+    The tz library's functions now set errno to EOVERFLOW if they fail
+    because the result cannot be represented.  ctime and ctime_r now
+    return NULL and set errno when a time stamp is out of range, rather
+    than having undefined behavior.
+
+    Some bugs associated with the new 2014g functions have been fixed.
+    This includes a bug that largely incapacitated the new functions
+    time2posix_z and posix2time_z.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas.)
+    It also includes some uses of uninitialized variables after tzalloc.
+    The new code uses the standard type 'ssize_t', which the Makefile
+    now gives porting advice about.
+
+  Changes affecting commentary
+
+    Updated URLs for NRC Canada (thanks to Matt Johnson and Brian Inglis).
+
+
+Release 2014h - 2014-09-25 18:59:03 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    America/Jamaica's 1974 spring-forward transition was Jan. 6, not Apr. 28.
+
+    Shanks says Asia/Novokuznetsk switched from LMT (not "NMT") on 1924-05-01,
+    not 1920-01-06.  The old entry was based on a misinterpretation of Shanks.
+
+    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
+    from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
+    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
+    The affected zones are: Africa/Blantyre, Africa/Bujumbura,
+    Africa/Gaborone, Africa/Harare, Africa/Kigali, Africa/Lubumbashi,
+    Africa/Lusaka, Africa/Maseru, and Africa/Mbabane.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    zdump -V and -v now output gmtoff= values on all platforms,
+    not merely on platforms defining TM_GMTOFF.
+
+    The tz library's localtime and mktime functions now set tzname to a value
+    appropriate for the requested time stamp, and zdump now uses this
+    on platforms not defining TM_ZONE, fixing a 2014g regression.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
+
+    The tz library no longer sets tzname if localtime or mktime fails.
+
+    zdump -c no longer mishandles transitions near year boundaries.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
+
+    An access to uninitialized data has been fixed.
+    (Thanks to Jörg Richter for reporting the problem.)
+
+    When THREAD_SAFE is defined, the code ports to the C11 memory model.
+    A memory leak has been fixed if ALL_STATE and THREAD_SAFE are defined
+    and two threads race to initialize data used by gmtime-like functions.
+    (Thanks to Andy Heninger for reporting the problems.)
+
+  Changes affecting build procedure
+
+    'make check' now checks better for properly-sorted data.
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    zdump's gmtoff=N output is now documented, and its isdst=D output
+    is now documented to possibly output D values other than 0 or 1.
+
+    zdump -c's treatment of years is now documented to use the
+    Gregorian calendar and Universal Time without leap seconds,
+    and its behavior at cutoff boundaries is now documented better.
+    (Thanks to Arthur David Olson and Tim Parenti for reporting the problems.)
+
+    Programs are now documented to use the proleptic Gregorian calendar.
+    (Thanks to Alan Barrett for the suggestion.)
+
+    Fractional-second GMT offsets have been documented for civil time
+    in 19th-century Chennai, Jakarta, and New York.
+
+
+Release 2014g - 2014-08-28 12:31:23 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Turks & Caicos is switching from US eastern time to UT -04
+    year-round, modeled as a switch on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.
+    [As noted in 2014j, this switch was later delayed.]
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Time in Russia or the USSR before 1926 or so has been corrected by
+    a few seconds in the following zones: Asia/Irkutsk,
+    Asia/Krasnoyarsk, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Samarkand, Asia/Tbilisi,
+    Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yakutsk, Europe/Riga, Europe/Samara.  For
+    Asia/Yekaterinburg the correction is a few minutes.  (Thanks to
+    Vladimir Karpinsky.)
+
+    The Portuguese decree of 1911-05-26 took effect on 1912-01-01.
+    This affects 1911 time stamps in Africa/Bissau, Africa/Luanda,
+    Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira.  Also, Lisbon's pre-1912
+    GMT offset was -0:36:45 (rounded from -0:36:44.68), not -0:36:32.
+    (Thanks to Stephen Colebourne for pointing to the decree.)
+
+    Asia/Dhaka ended DST on 2009-12-31 at 24:00, not 23:59.
+
+    A new file 'backzone' contains data which may appeal to
+    connoisseurs of old time stamps, although it is out of scope for
+    the tz database, is often poorly sourced, and contains some data
+    that is known to be incorrect.  The new file is not recommended
+    for ordinary use and its entries are not installed by default.
+    (Thanks to Lester Caine for the high-quality Jersey, Guernsey, and
+    Isle of Man entries.)
+
+    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
+    from existing zones only for older time stamps.  As usual,
+    these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.
+    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
+    The affected zones are: Africa/Bangui, Africa/Brazzaville,
+    Africa/Douala, Africa/Kinshasa, Africa/Libreville, Africa/Luanda,
+    Africa/Malabo, Africa/Niamey, and Africa/Porto-Novo.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    Unless NETBSD_INSPIRED is defined to 0, the tz library now
+    supplies functions for creating and using objects that represent
+    time zones. The new functions are tzalloc, tzfree, localtime_rz,
+    mktime_z, and (if STD_INSPIRED is also defined) posix2time_z and
+    time2posix_z.  They are intended for performance: for example,
+    localtime_rz (unlike localtime_r) is trivially thread-safe without
+    locking.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas for proposing NetBSD-inspired
+    functions, and to Alan Barrett and Jonathan Lennox for helping to
+    debug the change.)
+
+    zdump now builds with the tz library unless USE_LTZ is defined to 0,
+    This lets zdump use tz features even if the system library lacks them.
+    To build zdump with the system library, use 'make CFLAGS=-DUSE_LTZ=0
+    TZDOBJS=zdump.o CHECK_TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES='.
+
+    zdump now uses localtime_rz if available, as it's significantly faster,
+    and it can help zdump better diagnose invalid time zone names.
+    Define HAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ to 0 to suppress this.  HAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ
+    defaults to 1 if NETBSD_INSPIRED && USE_LTZ.  When localtime_rz is
+    not available, zdump now uses localtime_r and tzset if available,
+    as this is a bit cleaner and faster than plain localtime.  Compile
+    with -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_R=0 and/or -DHAVE_TZSET=0 if your system
+    lacks these two functions.
+
+    If THREAD_SAFE is defined to 1, the tz library is now thread-safe.
+    Although not needed for tz's own applications, which are single-threaded,
+    this supports POSIX better if the tz library is used in multithreaded apps.
+
+    Some crashes have been fixed when zdump or the tz library is given
+    invalid or outlandish input.
+
+    The tz library no longer mishandles leap seconds on platforms with
+    unsigned time_t in time zones that lack ordinary transitions after 1970.
+
+    The tz code now attempts to infer TM_GMTOFF and TM_ZONE if not
+    already defined, to make it easier to configure on common platforms.
+    Define NO_TM_GMTOFF and NO_TM_ZONE to suppress this.
+
+    Unless the new macro UNINIT_TRAP is defined to 1, the tz code now
+    assumes that reading uninitialized memory yields garbage values
+    but does not cause other problems such as traps.
+
+    If TM_GMTOFF is defined and UNINIT_TRAP is 0, mktime is now
+    more likely to guess right for ambiguous time stamps near
+    transitions where tm_isdst does not change.
+
+    If HAVE_STRFTIME_L is defined to 1, the tz library now defines
+    strftime_l for compatibility with recent versions of POSIX.
+    Only the C locale is supported, though.  HAVE_STRFTIME_L defaults
+    to 1 on recent POSIX versions, and to 0 otherwise.
+
+    tzselect -c now uses a hybrid distance measure that works better
+    in Africa.  (Thanks to Alan Barrett for noting the problem.)
+
+    The C source code now ports to NetBSD when GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS is used,
+    or when time_tz is defined.
+
+    When HAVE_UTMPX_H is set the 'date' command now builds on systems
+    whose <utmpx.h> file does not define WTMPX_FILE, and when setting
+    the date it updates the wtmpx file if _PATH_WTMPX is defined.
+    This affects GNU/Linux and similar systems.
+
+    For easier maintenance later, some C code has been simplified,
+    some lint has been removed, and the code has been tweaked so that
+    plain 'make' is more likely to work.
+
+    The C type 'bool' is now used for boolean values, instead of 'int'.
+
+    The long-obsolete LOCALE_HOME code has been removed.
+
+    The long-obsolete 'gtime' function has been removed.
+
+  Changes affecting build procedure
+
+    'zdump' no longer links in ialloc.o, as it's not needed.
+
+    'make check_time_t_alternatives' no longer assumes GNU diff.
+
+  Changes affecting distribution tarballs
+
+    The files checktab.awk and zoneinfo2tdf.pl are now distributed in
+    the tzdata tarball instead of the tzcode tarball, since they help
+    maintain the data.  The NEWS and Theory files are now also
+    distributed in the tzdata tarball, as they're relevant for data.
+    (Thanks to Alan Barrett for pointing this out.)  Also, the
+    leapseconds.awk file is no longer distributed in the tzcode
+    tarball, since it belongs in the tzdata tarball (where 2014f
+    inadvertently also distributed it).
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    A new file CONTRIBUTING is distributed.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for
+    suggesting a CONTRIBUTING file, and to Tony Finch and Walter Harms
+    for debugging it.)
+
+    The man pages have been updated to use function prototypes,
+    to document thread-safe variants like localtime_r, and to document
+    the NetBSD-inspired functions tzalloc, tzfree, localtime_rz, and
+    mktime_z.
+
+    The fields in Link lines have been renamed to be more descriptive
+    and more like the parameters of 'ln'.  LINK-FROM has become TARGET,
+    and LINK-TO has become LINK-NAME.
+
+    tz-link.htm mentions the IETF's tzdist working group; Windows
+    Runtime etc. (thanks to Matt Johnson); and HP-UX's tztab.
+
+    Some broken URLs have been fixed in the commentary.  (Thanks to
+    Lester Caine.)
+
+    Commentary about Philippines DST has been updated, and commentary
+    on pre-1970 time in India has been added.
+
+
+Release 2014f - 2014-08-05 17:42:36 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    Russia will subtract an hour from most of its time zones on 2014-10-26
+    at 02:00 local time.  (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)
+    There are a few exceptions: Magadan Oblast (Asia/Magadan) and Zabaykalsky
+    Krai are subtracting two hours; conversely, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
+    (Asia/Anadyr), Kamchatka Krai (Asia/Kamchatka), Kemerovo Oblast
+    (Asia/Novokuznetsk), and the Samara Oblast and the Udmurt Republic
+    (Europe/Samara) are not changing their clocks.  The changed zones are
+    Europe/Kaliningrad, Europe/Moscow, Europe/Simferopol, Europe/Volgograd,
+    Asia/Yekaterinburg, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Novosibirsk, Asia/Krasnoyarsk,
+    Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Yakutsk, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Khandyga,
+    Asia/Sakhalin, and Asia/Ust-Nera; Asia/Magadan will have two hours
+    subtracted; and Asia/Novokuznetsk's time zone abbreviation is affected,
+    but not its UTC offset.  Two zones are added: Asia/Chita (split
+    from Asia/Yakutsk, and also with two hours subtracted) and
+    Asia/Srednekolymsk (split from Asia/Magadan, but with only one hour
+    subtracted).  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for much of the above.)
+
+  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations
+
+    Australian eastern time zone abbreviations are now AEST/AEDT not EST,
+    and similarly for the other Australian zones.  That is, for eastern
+    standard and daylight saving time the abbreviations are AEST and AEDT
+    instead of the former EST for both; similarly, ACST/ACDT, ACWST/ACWDT,
+    and AWST/AWDT are now used instead of the former CST, CWST, and WST.
+    This change does not affect UTC offsets, only time zone abbreviations.
+    (Thanks to Rich Tibbett and many others.)
+
+    Asia/Novokuznetsk shifts from NOVT to KRAT (remaining on UT +07)
+    effective 2014-10-26 at 02:00 local time.
+
+    The time zone abbreviation for Xinjiang Time (observed in Ürümqi)
+    has been changed from URUT to XJT.  (Thanks to Luther Ma.)
+
+    Prefer MSK/MSD for Moscow time in Russia, even in other cities.
+    Similarly, prefer EET/EEST for eastern European time in Russia.
+
+    Change time zone abbreviations in (western) Samoa to use "ST" and
+    "DT" suffixes, as this is more likely to match common practice.
+    Prefix "W" to (western) Samoa time when its standard-time offset
+    disagrees with that of American Samoa.
+
+    America/Metlakatla now uses PST, not MeST, to abbreviate its time zone.
+
+    Time zone abbreviations have been updated for Japan's two time
+    zones used 1896-1937.  JWST now stands for Western Standard
+    Time, and JCST for Central Standard Time (formerly this was CJT).
+    These abbreviations are now used for time in Korea, Taiwan,
+    and Sakhalin while controlled by Japan.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    China's five zones have been simplified to two, since the post-1970
+    differences in the other three seem to have been imaginary.  The
+    zones Asia/Harbin, Asia/Chongqing, and Asia/Kashgar have been
+    removed; backwards-compatibility links still work, albeit with
+    different behaviors for time stamps before May 1980.  Asia/Urumqi's
+    1980 transition to UT +08 has been removed, so that it is now at
+    +06 and not +08.  (Thanks to Luther Ma and to Alois Treindl;
+    Treindl sent helpful translations of two papers by Guo Qingsheng.)
+
+    Some zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing
+    zones only for older UTC offsets where data entries were likely invented.
+    These changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only.  This is
+    similar to the change in release 2013e, except this time for western
+    Africa.  The affected zones are: Africa/Bamako, Africa/Banjul,
+    Africa/Conakry, Africa/Dakar, Africa/Freetown, Africa/Lome,
+    Africa/Nouakchott, Africa/Ouagadougou, Africa/Sao_Tome, and
+    Atlantic/St_Helena.  This also affects the backwards-compatibility
+    link Africa/Timbuktu.  (Thanks to Alan Barrett, Stephen Colebourne,
+    Tim Parenti, and David Patte for reporting problems in earlier
+    versions of this change.)
+
+    Asia/Shanghai's pre-standard-time UT offset has been changed from
+    8:05:57 to 8:05:43, the location of Xujiahui Observatory.  Its
+    transition to standard time has been changed from 1928 to 1901.
+
+    Asia/Taipei switched to JWST on 1896-01-01, then to JST on 1937-10-01,
+    then to CST on 1945-09-21 at 01:00, and did not observe DST in 1945.
+    In 1946 it observed DST from 05-15 through 09-30; in 1947
+    from 04-15 through 10-31; and in 1979 from 07-01 through 09-30.
+    (Thanks to Yu-Cheng Chuang.)
+
+    Asia/Riyadh's transition to standard time is now 1947-03-14, not 1950.
+
+    Europe/Helsinki's 1942 fall-back transition was 10-04 at 01:00, not
+    10-03 at 00:00.  (Thanks to Konstantin Hyppönen.)
+
+    Pacific/Pago_Pago has been changed from UT -11:30 to -11 for the
+    period from 1911 to 1950.
+
+    Pacific/Chatham has been changed to New Zealand standard time plus
+    45 minutes for the period before 1957, reflecting a 1956 remark in
+    the New Zealand parliament.
+
+    Europe/Budapest has several pre-1946 corrections: in 1918 the transition
+    out of DST was on 09-16, not 09-29; in 1919 it was on 11-24, not 09-15; in
+    1945 it was on 11-01, not 11-03; in 1941 the transition to DST was 04-08
+    not 04-06 at 02:00; and there was no DST in 1920.
+
+    Africa/Accra is now assumed to have observed DST from 1920 through 1935.
+
+    Time in Russia before 1927 or so has been corrected by a few seconds in
+    the following zones: Europe/Moscow, Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Tbilisi,
+    Asia/Tashkent, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yekaterinburg, Europe/Helsinki, and
+    Europe/Riga.  Also, Moscow's location has been changed to its Kilometer 0
+    point.  (Thanks to Vladimir Karpinsky for the Moscow changes.)
+
+  Changes affecting data format
+
+    A new file 'zone1970.tab' supersedes 'zone.tab' in the installed data.
+    The new file's extended format allows multiple country codes per zone.
+    The older file is still installed but is deprecated; its format is
+    not changing and it will still be distributed for a while, but new
+    applications should use the new file.
+
+    The new file format simplifies maintenance of obscure locations.
+    To test this, it adds coverage for the Crozet Islands and the
+    Scattered Islands.  (Thanks to Tobias Conradi and Antoine Leca.)
+
+    The file 'iso3166.tab' is planned to switch from ASCII to UTF-8.
+    It is still ASCII now, but commentary about the switch has been added.
+    The new file 'zone1970.tab' already uses UTF-8.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    'localtime', 'mktime', etc. now use much less stack space if ALL_STATE
+    is defined.  (Thanks to Elliott Hughes for reporting the problem.)
+
+    'zic' no longer mishandles input when ignoring case in locales that
+    are not compatible with English, e.g., unibyte Turkish locales when
+    compiled with HAVE_GETTEXT.
+
+    Error diagnostics of 'zic' and 'yearistype' have been reworded so that
+    they no longer use ASCII '-' as if it were a dash.
+
+    'zic' now rejects output file names that contain '.' or '..' components.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
+
+    'zic -v' now warns about output file names that do not follow
+    POSIX rules, or that contain a digit or '.'.  (Thanks to Arthur
+    David Olson for starting the ball rolling on this.)
+
+    Some lint has been removed when using GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS with GCC 4.9.0.
+
+  Changes affecting build procedure
+
+    'zic' no longer links in localtime.o and asctime.o, as they're not needed.
+    (Thanks to John Cochran.)
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    The 'Theory' file documents legacy names, the longstanding
+    exceptions to the POSIX-inspired file name rules.
+
+    The 'zic' documentation clarifies the role of time types when
+    interpreting dates.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+    Documentation and commentary now prefer UTF-8 to US-ASCII,
+    allowing the use of proper accents in foreign words and names.
+    Code and data have not changed because of this.  (Thanks to
+    Garrett Wollman, Ian Abbott, and Guy Harris for helping to debug
+    this.)
+
+    Non-HTML documentation and commentary now use plain-text URLs instead of
+    HTML insertions, and are more consistent about bracketing URLs when they
+    are not already surrounded by white space.  (Thanks to suggestions by
+    Steffen Nurpmeso.)
+
+    There is new commentary about Xujiahui Observatory, the five time-zone
+    project in China from 1918 to 1949, timekeeping in Japanese-occupied
+    Shanghai, and Tibet Time in the 1950s.  The sharp-eyed can spot the
+    warlord Jin Shuren in the data.
+
+    Commentary about the coverage of each Russian zone has been standardized.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti).
+
+    There is new commentary about contemporary timekeeping in Ethiopia.
+
+    Obsolete comments about a 2007 proposal for DST in Kuwait has been removed.
+
+    There is new commentary about time in Poland in 1919.
+
+    Proper credit has been given to DST inventor George Vernon Hudson.
+
+    Commentary about time in Metlakatla, AK and Resolute, NU has been
+    improved, with a new source for the former.
+
+    In zone.tab, Pacific/Easter no longer mentions Salas y Gómez, as it
+    is uninhabited.
+
+    Commentary about permanent Antarctic bases has been updated.
+
+    Several typos have been corrected.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for
+    contributing some of these fixes.)
+
+    tz-link.htm now mentions the JavaScript libraries Moment Timezone,
+    TimezoneJS.Date, Walltime-js, and Timezone.  (Thanks to a heads-up
+    from Matt Johnson.)  Also, it mentions the Go 'latlong' package.
+    (Thanks to a heads-up from Dirkjan Ochtman.)
+
+    The files usno1988, usno1989, usno1989a, usno1995, usno1997, and usno1998
+    have been removed.  These obsolescent US Naval Observatory entries were no
+    longer helpful for maintenance.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for the suggestion.)
+
+
+Release 2014e - 2014-06-12 21:53:52 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+
+    Egypt's 2014 Ramadan-based transitions are June 26 and July 31 at 24:00.
+    (Thanks to Imed Chihi.)  Guess that from 2015 on Egypt will temporarily
+    switch to standard time at 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and
+    back to DST at 00:00 the first Friday after Ramadan.
+
+    Similarly, Morocco's are June 28 at 03:00 and August 2 at 02:00.  (Thanks
+    to Milamber Space Network.)  Guess that from 2015 on Morocco will
+    temporarily switch to standard time at 03:00 the last Saturday before
+    Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after Ramadan.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    The abbreviation "MSM" (Moscow Midsummer Time) is now used instead of
+    "MSD" for Moscow's double daylight time in summer 1921.  Also, a typo
+    "VLASST" has been repaired to be "VLAST" for Vladivostok summer time
+    in 1991.  (Thanks to Hank W. for reporting the problems.)
+
+  Changes affecting commentary
+
+    tz-link.htm now cites RFC 7265 for jCal, mentions PTP and the
+    draft CalDAV extension, updates URLs for TSP, TZInfo, IATA, and
+    removes stale pointers to World Time Explorer and WORLDTIME.
+
+
+Release 2014d - 2014-05-27 21:34:40 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    zic no longer generates files containing time stamps before the Big Bang.
+    This works around GNOME bug 730332
+    <https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=730332>.
+    (Thanks to Leonardo Chiquitto for reporting the bug, and to
+    Arthur David Olson and James Cloos for suggesting improvements to the fix.)
+
+  Changes affecting documentation
+
+    tz-link.htm now mentions GNOME.
+
+
+Release 2014c - 2014-05-13 07:44:13 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+
+    Egypt observes DST starting 2014-05-15 at 24:00.
+    (Thanks to Ahmad El-Dardiry and Gunther Vermier.)
+    Details have not been announced, except that DST will not be observed
+    during Ramadan.  Guess that DST will stop during the same Ramadan dates as
+    Morocco, and that Egypt's future spring and fall transitions will be the
+    same as 2010 when it last observed DST, namely April's last Friday at
+    00:00 to September's last Thursday at 23:00 standard time.  Also, guess
+    that Ramadan transitions will be at 00:00 standard time.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    zic now generates transitions for minimum time values, eliminating guesswork
+    when handling low-valued time stamps.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+    Port to Cygwin sans glibc.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+  Changes affecting commentary and documentation
+
+    Remove now-confusing comment about Jordan.  (Thanks to Oleksii Nochovnyi.)
+
+
+Release 2014b - 2014-03-24 21:28:50 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+
+    Crimea switches to Moscow time on 2014-03-30 at 02:00 local time.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)  Move its zone.tab entry from UA to RU.
+
+    New entry for Troll station, Antarctica.  (Thanks to Paul-Inge Flakstad and
+    Bengt-Inge Larsson.)  This is currently an approximation; a better version
+    will require the zic and localtime fixes mentioned below, and the plan is
+    to wait for a while until at least the zic fixes propagate.
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    'zic' and 'localtime' no longer reject locations needing four transitions
+    per year for the foreseeable future.  (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram).)
+    Also, 'zic' avoids some unlikely failures due to integer overflow.
+
+  Changes affecting build procedure
+
+    'make check' now detects Rule lines defined but never used.
+    The NZAQ rules, an instance of this problem, have been removed.
+
+  Changes affecting commentary and documentation
+
+    Fix Tuesday/Thursday typo in description of time in Israel.
+    (Thanks to Bert Katz via Pavel Kharitonov and Mike Frysinger.)
+
+    Microsoft Windows 8.1 doesn't support tz database names.  (Thanks
+    to Donald MacQueen.)  Instead, the Microsoft Windows Store app
+    library supports them.
+
+    Add comments about Johnston Island time in the 1960s.
+    (Thanks to Lyle McElhaney.)
+
+    Morocco's 2014 DST start will be as predicted.
+    (Thanks to Sebastien Willemijns.)
+
+
+Release 2014a - 2014-03-07 23:30:29 -0800
+
+  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+
+    Turkey begins DST on 2014-03-31, not 03-30.  (Thanks to Faruk Pasin for
+    the heads-up, and to Tim Parenti for simplifying the update.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Fiji ended DST on 2014-01-19 at 02:00, not the previously-scheduled 03:00.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Ukraine switched from Moscow to Eastern European time on 1990-07-01
+    (not 1992-01-01), and observed DST during the entire next winter.
+    (Thanks to Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl.)
+
+    In 1988 Israel observed DST from 04-10 to 09-04, not 04-09 to 09-03.
+    (Thanks to Avigdor Finkelstein.)
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    A uninitialized-storage bug in 'localtime' has been fixed.
+    (Thanks to Logan Chien.)
+
+  Changes affecting the build procedure
+
+    The settings for 'make check_web' now default to Ubuntu 13.10.
+
+  Changes affecting commentary and documentation
+
+    The boundary of the US Pacific time zone is given more accurately.
+    (Thanks to Alan Mintz.)
+
+    Chile's 2014 DST will be as predicted.  (Thanks to José Miguel Garrido.)
+
+    Paraguay's 2014 DST will be as predicted.  (Thanks to Carlos Raúl Perasso.)
+
+    Better descriptions of countries with same time zone history as
+    Trinidad and Tobago since 1970.  (Thanks to Alan Barrett for suggestion.)
+
+    Several changes affect tz-link.htm, the main web page.
+
+      Mention Time.is (thanks to Even Scharning) and WX-now (thanks to
+      David Braverman).
+
+      Mention xCal (Internet RFC 6321) and jCal.
+
+      Microsoft has some support for tz database names.
+
+      CLDR data formats include both XML and JSON.
+
+      Mention Maggiolo's map of solar vs standard time.
+      (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+      Mention TZ4Net.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
+
+      Mention the timezone-olson Haskell package.
+
+      Mention zeitverschiebung.net.  (Thanks to Martin Jäger.)
+
+      Remove moribund links to daylight-savings-time.info and to
+      Simple Timer + Clocks.
+
+      Update two links.  (Thanks to Oscar van Vlijmen.)
+
+      Fix some formatting glitches, e.g., remove random newlines from
+      abbr elements' title attributes.
+
+
+Release 2013i - 2013-12-17 07:25:23 -0800
+
+  Changes affecting near-future time stamps:
+
+    Jordan switches back to standard time at 00:00 on December 20, 2013.
+    The 2006-2011 transition schedule is planned to resume in 2014.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps:
+
+    In 2004, Cuba began DST on March 28, not April 4.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    The compile-time flag NOSOLAR has been removed, as nowadays the
+    benefit of slightly shrinking runtime table size is outweighed by the
+    cost of disallowing potential future updates that exceed old limits.
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    The files solar87, solar88, and solar89 are no longer distributed.
+    They were a negative experiment - that is, a demonstration that
+    tz data can represent solar time only with some difficulty and error.
+    Their presence in the distribution caused confusion, as Riyadh
+    civil time was generally not solar time in those years.
+
+    tz-link.htm now mentions Noda Time.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
+
+
+Release 2013h - 2013-10-25 15:32:32 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+
+    Libya has switched its UT offset back to +02 without DST, instead
+    of +01 with DST.  (Thanks to Even Scharning.)
+
+    Western Sahara (Africa/El_Aaiun) uses Morocco's DST rules.
+    (Thanks to Gwillim Law.)
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps:
+
+    Acre and (we guess) western Amazonas will switch from UT -04 to -05
+    on 2013-11-10.  This affects America/Rio_Branco and America/Eirunepe.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Add entries for DST transitions in Morocco in the year 2038.
+    This avoids some year-2038 glitches introduced in 2013g.
+    (Thanks to Yoshito Umaoka for reporting the problem.)
+
+  Changes affecting API
+
+    The 'tzselect' command no longer requires the 'select' command,
+    and should now work with /bin/sh on more platforms.  It also works
+    around a bug in BusyBox awk before version 1.21.0.  (Thanks to
+    Patrick 'P. J.' McDermott and Alan Barrett.)
+
+  Changes affecting code
+
+    Fix localtime overflow bugs with 32-bit unsigned time_t.
+
+    zdump no longer assumes sscanf returns maximal values on overflow.
+
+  Changes affecting the build procedure
+
+    The builder can specify which programs to use, if any, instead of
+    'ar' and 'ranlib', and libtz.a is now built locally before being
+    installed.  (Thanks to Michael Forney.)
+
+    A dependency typo in the 'zdump' rule has been fixed.
+    (Thanks to Andrew Paprocki.)
+
+    The Makefile has been simplified by assuming that 'mkdir -p' and 'cp -f'
+    work as specified by POSIX.2-1992 or later; this is portable nowadays.
+
+    'make clean' no longer removes 'leapseconds', since it's
+    host-independent and is part of the distribution.
+
+    The unused makefile macros TZCSRCS, TZDSRCS, DATESRCS have been removed.
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    tz-link.htm now mentions TC TIMEZONE's draft time zone service protocol
+    (thanks to Mike Douglass) and TimezoneJS.Date (thanks to Jim Fehrle).
+
+    Update URLs in tz-link page.  Add URLs for Microsoft Windows, since
+    8.1 introduces tz support.  Remove URLs for Tru64 and UnixWare (no
+    longer maintained) and for old advisories.  SOFA now does C.
+
+Release 2013g - 2013-09-30 21:08:26 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting current and near-future time stamps
+
+    Morocco now observes DST from the last Sunday in March to the last
+    Sunday in October, not April to September respectively.  (Thanks
+    to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes affecting 'zic'
+
+    'zic' now runs on platforms that lack both hard links and symlinks.
+    (Thanks to Theo Veenker for reporting the problem, for MinGW.)
+    Also, fix some bugs on platforms that lack hard links but have symlinks.
+
+    'zic -v' again warns that Asia/Tehran has no POSIX environment variable
+    to predict the far future, fixing a bug introduced in 2013e.
+
+  Changes affecting the build procedure
+
+    The 'leapseconds' file is again put into the tzdata tarball.
+    Also, 'leapseconds.awk', so tzdata is self-contained.  (Thanks to
+    Matt Burgess and Ian Abbott.)  The timestamps of these and other
+    dependent files in tarballs are adjusted more consistently.
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    The README file is now part of the data tarball as well as the code.
+    It now states that files are public domain unless otherwise specified.
+    (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram) for asking for clarifications.)
+    Its details about the 1989 release moved to a place of honor near
+    the end of NEWS.
+
+
+Release 2013f - 2013-09-24 23:37:36 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+
+    Tocantins will very likely not observe DST starting this spring.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Jordan will likely stay at UT +03 indefinitely, and will not fall
+    back this fall.
+
+    Palestine will fall back at 00:00, not 01:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Changes affecting API
+
+    The types of the global variables 'timezone' and 'altzone' (if present)
+    have been changed back to 'long'.  This is required for 'timezone'
+    by POSIX, and for 'altzone' by common practice, e.g., Solaris 11.
+    These variables were originally 'long' in the tz code, but were
+    mistakenly changed to 'time_t' in 1987; nobody reported the
+    incompatibility until now.  The difference matters on x32, where
+    'long' is 32 bits and 'time_t' is 64.  (Thanks to Elliott Hughes.)
+
+  Changes affecting the build procedure
+
+    Avoid long strings in leapseconds.awk to work around a mawk bug.
+    (Thanks to Cyril Baurand.)
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    New file 'NEWS' that contains release notes like this one.
+
+    Paraguay's law does not specify DST transition time; 00:00 is customary.
+    (Thanks to Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo.)
+
+    Minor capitalization fixes.
+
+  Changes affecting version-control only
+
+    The experimental GitHub repository now contains annotated and
+    signed tags for recent releases, e.g., '2013e' for Release 2013e.
+    Releases are tagged starting with 2012e; earlier releases were
+    done differently, and tags would either not have a simple name or
+    not exactly match what was released.
+
+    'make set-timestamps' is now simpler and a bit more portable.
+
+
+Release 2013e - 2013-09-19 23:50:04 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting near-future time stamps
+
+    This year Fiji will start DST on October 27, not October 20.
+    (Thanks to David Wheeler for the heads-up.)  For now, guess that
+    Fiji will continue to spring forward the Sunday before the fourth
+    Monday in October.
+
+  Changes affecting current and future time zone abbreviations
+
+    Use WIB/WITA/WIT rather than WIT/CIT/EIT for alphabetic Indonesian
+    time zone abbreviations since 1932.  (Thanks to George Ziegler,
+    Priyadi Iman Nurcahyo, Zakaria, Jason Grimes, Martin Pitt, and
+    Benny Lin.)  This affects Asia/Dili, Asia/Jakarta, Asia/Jayapura,
+    Asia/Makassar, and Asia/Pontianak.
+
+    Use ART (UT -03, standard time), rather than WARST (also -03, but
+    daylight saving time) for San Luis, Argentina since 2009.
+
+  Changes affecting Godthåb time stamps after 2037 if version mismatch
+
+    Allow POSIX-like TZ strings where the transition time's hour can
+    range from -167 through 167, instead of the POSIX-required 0
+    through 24.  E.g., TZ='FJT-12FJST,M10.3.1/146,M1.3.4/75' for the
+    new Fiji rules.  This is a more-compact way to represent
+    far-future time stamps for America/Godthab, America/Santiago,
+    Antarctica/Palmer, Asia/Gaza, Asia/Hebron, Asia/Jerusalem,
+    Pacific/Easter, and Pacific/Fiji.  Other zones are unaffected by
+    this change.  (Derived from a suggestion by Arthur David Olson.)
+
+    Allow POSIX-like TZ strings where daylight saving time is in
+    effect all year.  E.g., TZ='WART4WARST,J1/0,J365/25' for Western
+    Argentina Summer Time all year.  This supports a more-compact way
+    to represent the 2013d data for America/Argentina/San_Luis.
+    Because of the change for San Luis noted above this change does not
+    affect the current data.  (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram) for
+    suggestions that improved this change.)
+
+    Where these two TZ changes take effect, there is a minor extension
+    to the tz file format in that it allows new values for the
+    embedded TZ-format string, and the tz file format version number
+    has therefore been increased from 2 to 3 as a precaution.
+    Version-2-based client code should continue to work as before for
+    all time stamps before 2038.  Existing version-2-based client code
+    (tzcode, GNU/Linux, Solaris) has been tested on version-3-format
+    files, and typically works in practice even for time stamps after
+    2037; the only known exception is America/Godthab.
+
+  Changes affecting time stamps before 1970
+
+    Pacific/Johnston is now a link to Pacific/Honolulu.  This corrects
+    some errors before 1947.
+
+    Some zones have been turned into links, when they differ from existing
+    zones only in older data entries that were likely invented or that
+    differ only in LMT or transitions from LMT.  These changes affect
+    only time stamps before 1943.  The affected zones are:
+    Africa/Juba, America/Anguilla, America/Aruba, America/Dominica,
+    America/Grenada, America/Guadeloupe, America/Marigot,
+    America/Montserrat, America/St_Barthelemy, America/St_Kitts,
+    America/St_Lucia, America/St_Thomas, America/St_Vincent,
+    America/Tortola, and Europe/Vaduz.  (Thanks to Alois Treindl for
+    confirming that the old Europe/Vaduz zone was wrong and the new
+    link is better for WWII-era times.)
+
+    Change Kingston Mean Time from -5:07:12 to -5:07:11.  This affects
+    America/Cayman, America/Jamaica and America/Grand_Turk time stamps
+    from 1890 to 1912.
+
+    Change the UT offset of Bern Mean Time from 0:29:44 to 0:29:46.
+    This affects Europe/Zurich time stamps from 1853 to 1894.  (Thanks
+    to Alois Treindl).
+
+    Change the date of the circa-1850 Zurich transition from 1849-09-12
+    to 1853-07-16, overriding Shanks with data from Messerli about
+    postal and telegraph time in Switzerland.
+
+  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations before 1970
+
+    For Asia/Jakarta, use BMT (not JMT) for mean time from 1923 to 1932,
+    as Jakarta was called Batavia back then.
+
+  Changes affecting API
+
+    The 'zic' command now outputs a dummy transition when far-future
+    data can't be summarized using a TZ string, and uses a 402-year
+    window rather than a 400-year window.  For the current data, this
+    affects only the Asia/Tehran file.  It does not affect any of the
+    time stamps that this file represents, so zdump outputs the same
+    information as before.  (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram).)
+
+    The 'date' command has a new '-r' option, which lets you specify
+    the integer time to display, a la FreeBSD.
+
+    The 'tzselect' command has two new options '-c' and '-n', which lets you
+    select a zone based on latitude and longitude.
+
+    The 'zic' command's '-v' option now warns about constructs that
+    require the new version-3 binary file format.  (Thanks to Arthur
+    David Olson for the suggestion.)
+
+    Support for floating-point time_t has been removed.
+    It was always dicey, and POSIX no longer requires it.
+    (Thanks to Eric Blake for suggesting to the POSIX committee to
+    remove it, and thanks to Alan Barrett, Clive D.W. Feather, Andy
+    Heninger, Arthur David Olson, and Alois Treindl, for reporting
+    bugs and elucidating some of the corners of the old floating-point
+    implementation.)
+
+    The signatures of 'offtime', 'timeoff', and 'gtime' have been
+    changed back to the old practice of using 'long' to represent UT
+    offsets.  This had been inadvertently and mistakenly changed to
+    'int_fast32_t'.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas.)
+
+    The code avoids undefined behavior on integer overflow in some
+    more places, including gmtime, localtime, mktime and zdump.
+
+  Changes affecting the zdump utility
+
+    zdump now outputs "UT" when referring to Universal Time, not "UTC".
+    "UTC" does not make sense for time stamps that predate the introduction
+    of UTC, whereas "UT", a more-generic term, does.  (Thanks to Steve Allen
+    for clarifying UT vs UTC.)
+
+  Data changes affecting behavior of tzselect and similar programs
+
+    Country code BQ is now called the more-common name "Caribbean Netherlands"
+    rather than the more-official "Bonaire, St Eustatius & Saba".
+
+    Remove from zone.tab the names America/Montreal, America/Shiprock,
+    and Antarctica/South_Pole, as they are equivalent to existing
+    same-country-code zones for post-1970 time stamps.  The data entries for
+    these names are unchanged, so the names continue to work as before.
+
+  Changes affecting code internals
+
+    zic -c now runs way faster on 64-bit hosts when given large numbers.
+
+    zic now uses vfprintf to avoid allocating and freeing some memory.
+
+    tzselect now computes the list of continents from the data,
+    rather than have it hard-coded.
+
+    Minor changes pacify GCC 4.7.3 and GCC 4.8.1.
+
+  Changes affecting the build procedure
+
+    The 'leapseconds' file is now generated automatically from a
+    new file 'leap-seconds.list', which is a copy of
+    <ftp://time.nist.gov/pub/leap-seconds.list>.
+    A new source file 'leapseconds.awk' implements this.
+    The goal is simplification of the future maintenance of 'leapseconds'.
+
+    When building the 'posix' or 'right' subdirectories, if the
+    subdirectory would be a copy of the default subdirectory, it is
+    now made a symbolic link if that is supported.  This saves about
+    2 MB of file system space.
+
+    The links America/Shiprock and Antarctica/South_Pole have been
+    moved to the 'backward' file.  This affects only nondefault builds
+    that omit 'backward'.
+
+  Changes affecting version-control only
+
+    .gitignore now ignores 'date'.
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
+
+    Changes to the 'tzfile' man page
+
+      It now mentions that the binary file format may be extended in
+      future versions by appending data.
+
+      It now refers to the 'zdump' and 'zic' man pages.
+
+    Changes to the 'zic' man page
+
+      It lists conditions that elicit a warning with '-v'.
+
+      It says that the behavior is unspecified when duplicate names
+      are given, or if the source of one link is the target of another.
+
+      Its examples are updated to match the latest data.
+
+      The definition of white space has been clarified slightly.
+      (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
+
+    Changes to the 'Theory' file
+
+      There is a new section about the accuracy of the tz database,
+      describing the many ways that errors can creep in, and
+      explaining why so many of the pre-1970 time stamps are wrong or
+      misleading (thanks to Steve Allen, Lester Caine, and Garrett
+      Wollman for discussions that contributed to this).
+
+      The 'Theory' file describes LMT better (this follows a
+      suggestion by Guy Harris).
+
+      It refers to the 2013 edition of POSIX rather than the 2004 edition.
+
+      It's mentioned that excluding 'backward' should not affect the
+      other data, and it suggests at least one zone.tab name per
+      inhabited country (thanks to Stephen Colebourne).
+
+      Some longstanding restrictions on names are documented, e.g.,
+      'America/New_York' precludes 'America/New_York/Bronx'.
+
+      It gives more reasons for the 1970 cutoff.
+
+      It now mentions which time_t variants are supported, such as
+      signed integer time_t.  (Thanks to Paul Goyette for reporting
+      typos in an experimental version of this change.)
+
+      (Thanks to Philip Newton for correcting typos in these changes.)
+
+    Documentation and commentary is more careful to distinguish UT in
+    general from UTC in particular.  (Thanks to Steve Allen.)
+
+    Add a better source for the Zurich 1894 transition.
+    (Thanks to Pierre-Yves Berger.)
+
+    Update shapefile citations in tz-link.htm.  (Thanks to Guy Harris.)
+
+
+Release 2013d - 2013-07-05 07:38:01 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps:
+
+    Morocco's midsummer transitions this year are July 7 and August 10,
+    not July 9 and August 8.  (Thanks to Andrew Paprocki.)
+
+    Israel now falls back on the last Sunday of October.
+    (Thanks to Ephraim Silverberg.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps:
+
+    Specify Jerusalem's location more precisely; this changes the pre-1880
+    times by 2 s.
+
+  Changing affecting metadata only:
+
+    Fix typos in the entries for country codes BQ and SX.
+
+  Changes affecting code:
+
+    Rework the code to fix a bug with handling Australia/Macquarie on
+    32-bit hosts (thanks to Arthur David Olson).
+
+    Port to platforms like NetBSD, where time_t can be wider than long.
+
+    Add support for testing time_t types other than the system's.
+    Run 'make check_time_t_alternatives' to try this out.
+    Currently, the tests fail for unsigned time_t;
+    this should get fixed at some point.
+
+  Changes affecting documentation and commentary:
+
+    Deemphasize the significance of national borders.
+
+    Update the zdump man page.
+
+    Remove obsolete NOID comment (thanks to Denis Excoffier).
+
+    Update several URLs and comments in the web pages.
+
+    Spelling fixes (thanks to Kevin Lyda and Jonathan Leffler).
+
+    Update URL for CLDR Zone->Tzid table (thanks to Yoshito Umaoka).
+
+
+Release 2013c - 2013-04-19 16:17:40 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+
+    Palestine observed DST starting March 29, 2013.  (Thanks to
+    Steffen Thorsen.)  From 2013 on, Gaza and Hebron both observe DST,
+    with the predicted rules being the last Thursday in March at 24:00
+    to the first Friday on or after September 21 at 01:00.
+
+    Assume that the recent change to Paraguay's DST rules is permanent,
+    by moving the end of DST to the 4th Sunday in March every year.
+    (Thanks to Carlos Raúl Perasso.)
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps:
+
+    Fix some historical data for Palestine to agree with that of
+    timeanddate.com, as follows:
+
+	  The spring 2008 change in Gaza and Hebron was on 00:00 Mar 28, not
+	  00:00 Apr 1.
+
+	  The fall 2009 change in Gaza and Hebron on Sep 4 was at 01:00, not
+	  02:00.
+
+	  The spring 2010 change in Hebron was 00:00 Mar 26, not 00:01 Mar 27.
+
+	  The spring 2011 change in Gaza was 00:01 Apr 1, not 12:01 Apr 2.
+
+	  The spring 2011 change in Hebron on Apr 1 was at 00:01, not 12:01.
+
+	  The fall 2011 change in Hebron on Sep 30 was at 00:00, not 03:00.
+
+    Fix times of habitation for Macquarie to agree with the Tasmania
+    Parks & Wildlife Service history, which indicates that permanent
+    habitation was 1899-1919 and 1948 on.
+
+  Changing affecting metadata only:
+
+    Macquarie Island is politically part of Australia, not Antarctica.
+    (Thanks to Tobias Conradi.)
+
+    Sort Macquarie more-consistently with other parts of Australia.
+    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
+
+
+Release 2013b - 2013-03-10 22:33:40 -0700
+
+  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+
+    Haiti uses US daylight-saving rules this year, and presumably future years.
+    This changes time stamps starting today.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Paraguay will end DST on March 24 this year.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)  For now, assume it's just this year.
+
+    Morocco does not observe DST during Ramadan;
+    try to predict Ramadan in Morocco as best we can.
+    (Thanks to Erik Homoet for the heads-up.)
+
+  Changes affecting commentary:
+
+    Update URLs in tz-link page.  Add URLs for webOS, BB10, iOS.
+    Update URL for Solaris.  Mention Internet RFC 6557.
+    Update Internet RFCs 2445->5545, 2822->5322.
+    Switch from FTP to HTTP for Internet RFCs.
+
+
+Release 2013a - 2013-02-27 09:20:35 -0800
+
+  Change affecting binary data format:
+
+    The zone offset at the end of version-2-format zone files is now
+    allowed to be 24:00, as per POSIX.1-2008.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+  Changes affecting current and future time stamps:
+
+    Chile's 2013 rules, and we guess rules for 2014 and later, will be
+    the same as 2012, namely Apr Sun>=23 03:00 UTC to Sep Sun>=2 04:00 UTC.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Robert Elz.)
+
+    New Zones Asia/Khandyga, Asia/Ust-Nera, Europe/Busingen.
+    (Thanks to Tobias Conradi and Arthur David Olson.)
+
+  Many changes affect historical time stamps before 1940.
+  These were deduced from: Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899
+  Feb;13(2):173-94 <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+
+  Changes affecting the code:
+
+    Fix zic bug that mishandled Egypt's 2010 changes (this also affected
+    the data).  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+    Fix localtime bug when time_t is unsigned and data files were generated
+    by a signed time_t system.  (Thanks to Doug Bailey for reporting and
+    to Arthur David Olson for fixing.)
+
+    Allow the email address for bug reports to be set by the packager.
+    The default is tz@iana.org, as before.  (Thanks to Joseph S. Myers.)
+
+    Update HTML checking to be compatible with Ubuntu 12.10.
+
+    Check that files are a safe subset of ASCII.  At some point we may
+    relax this requirement to a safe subset of UTF-8.  Without the
+    check, some non-UTF-8 encodings were leaking into the distribution.
+
+  Commentary changes:
+
+    Restore a comment about copyright notices that was inadvertently deleted.
+    (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+    Improve the commentary about which districts observe what times
+    in Russia.  (Thanks to Oscar van Vlijmen and Arthur David Olson).
+
+    Add web page links to tz.js.
+
+    Add "Run by the Monkeys" to tz-art.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
+
+
+Release 2012j - 2012-11-12 18:34:49 -0800
+
+  Libya moved to CET this weekend, but with DST planned next year.
+  (Thanks to Even Scharning, Steffen Thorsen, and Tim Parenti.)
+
+  Signatures now have the extension .asc, not .sign, as that's more
+  standard.  (Thanks to Phil Pennock.)
+
+  The output of 'zdump --version', and of 'zic --version', now
+  uses a format that is more typical for --version.
+  (Thanks to Joseph S. Myers.)
+
+  The output of 'tzselect --help', 'zdump --help', and 'zic --help'
+  now uses tz@iana.org rather than the old elsie address.
+
+  zic -v now complains about abbreviations that are less than 3
+  or more than 6 characters, as per Posix.  Formerly, it checked
+  for abbreviations that were more than 3.
+
+  'make public' no longer puts its temporary directory under /tmp,
+  and uses the just-built zic rather than the system zic.
+
+  Various fixes to documentation and commentary.
+
+
+Release 2012i - 2012-11-03 12:57:09 -0700
+
+  Cuba switches from DST tomorrow at 01:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Linker flags can now be specified via LDFLAGS.
+  AWK now defaults to 'awk', not 'nawk'.
+  The shell in tzselect now defaults to /bin/bash, but this can
+  be overridden by specifying KSHELL.
+  The main web page now mentions the unofficial GitHub repository.
+  (Thanks to Mike Frysinger.)
+
+  Tarball signatures can now be built by running 'make signatures'.
+  There are also new makefile rules 'tarballs', 'check_public', and
+  separate makefile rules for each tarball and signature file.
+  A few makefile rules are now more portable to strict POSIX.
+
+  The main web page now lists the canonical IANA URL.
+
+
+Release 2012h - 2012-10-26 22:49:10 -0700
+
+  Bahia no longer has DST.  (Thanks to Kelley Cook.)
+
+  Tocantins has DST.  (Thanks to Rodrigo Severo.)
+
+  Israel has new DST rules next year.  (Thanks to Ephraim Silverberg.)
+
+  Jordan stays on DST this winter.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Web page updates.
+
+  More C modernization, except that at Arthur David Olson's suggestion
+  the instances of 'register' were kept.
+
+
+Release 2012g - 2012-10-17 20:59:45 -0700
+
+  Samoa fall 2012 and later.  (Thanks to Nicholas Pereira and Robert Elz.)
+
+  Palestine fall 2012.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  Assume C89.
+
+  To attack the version-number problem, this release ships the file
+  'Makefile' (which contains the release number) in both the tzcode and
+  the tzdata tarballs.  The two Makefiles are identical, and should be
+  identical in any matching pair of tarballs, so it shouldn't matter
+  which order you extract the tarballs.  Perhaps we can come up with a
+  better version-number scheme at some point; this scheme does have the
+  virtue of not adding more files.
+
+
+Release 2012f - 2012-09-12 23:17:03 -0700
+
+  * australasia (Pacific/Fiji): Fiji DST is October 21 through January
+    20 this year.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+
+Release 2012e - 2012-08-02 20:44:55 -0700
+
+  * australasia (Pacific/Fakaofo): Tokelau is UT +13, not +14.
+    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+  * Use a single version number for both code and data.
+
+  * .gitignore: New file.
+
+  * Remove trailing white space.
+
+
+Release code2012c-data2012d - 2012-07-19 16:35:33 -0700
+
+  Changes for Morocco's time stamps, which take effect in a couple of
+  hours, along with infrastructure changes to accommodate how the tz
+  code and data are released on IANA.
+
+
+Release data2012c - 2012-03-27 12:17:25 -0400
+
+  africa
+	Summer time changes for Morocco (to start late April 2012)
+
+  asia
+	Changes for 2012 for Gaza & the West Bank (Hebron) and Syria
+
+  northamerica
+	Haiti following US/Canada rules for 2012 (and we're assuming,
+	for now anyway, for the future).
+
+
+Release 2012b - 2012-03-02 12:29:15 +0700
+
+  There is just one change to tzcode2012b (compared with 2012a):
+  the Makefile that was accidentally included with 2012a has been
+  replaced with the version that should have been there, which is
+  identical with the previous version (from tzcode2011i).
+
+  There are just two changes in tzdata2012b compared with 2012a.
+
+  Most significantly, summer time in Cuba has been delayed 3 weeks
+  (now starts April 1 rather than March 11).   Since Mar 11 (the old start
+  date, as listed in 2012a) is just a little over a week away, this
+  change is urgent.
+
+  Less importantly, an excess tab in one of the changes in zone.tab
+  in 2012a has been removed.
+
+
+Release 2012a - 2012-03-01 18:28:10 +0700
+
+  The changes in tzcode2012a (compared to the previous version, 2011i)
+  are entirely to the README and tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm files, if
+  none of those concern you, you can ignore the code update.  The changes
+  reflect the changed addresses for the mailing list and the code and
+  data distribution points & methods (and a link to DateTime::TimeZone::Tzfile
+  has been added to tz-link.htm).
+
+  In tzdata2012a (compared to the previous release, which was 2011n)
+  the major changes are:
+	Chile 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 summer time date adjustments.
+	Falkland Islands onto permanent summer time (we're assuming for the
+		foreseeable future, though 2012 is all we're fairly certain of.)
+	Armenia has abolished Summer Time.
+	Tokelau jumped the International Date Line back last December
+		(just the same as their near neighbour, Samoa).
+	America/Creston is a new zone for a small area of British Columbia
+	There will be a leapsecond 2012-06-30 23:59:60 UTC.
+
+  Other minor changes are:
+	Corrections to 1918 Canadian summer time end dates.
+	Updated URL for UK time zone history (in comments)
+	A few typos in Le Corre's list of free French place names (comments)
+
+
+Release data2011n - 2011-10-30 14:57:54 +0700
+
+  There are three changes of note - most urgently, Cuba (America/Havana)
+  has extended summer time by two weeks, now to end on Nov 13, rather than
+  the (already past) Oct 30.   Second, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
+  (Europe/Tiraspol) decided not to split from the rest of Moldova after
+  all, and consequently that zone has been removed (again) and reinstated
+  in the "backward" file as a link to Europe/Chisinau.   And third, the
+  end date for Fiji's summer time this summer was moved forward from the
+  earlier planned Feb 26, to Jan 22.
+
+  Apart from that, Moldova (MD) returns to a single entry in zone.tab
+  (and the incorrect syntax that was in the 2011m version of that file
+  is so fixed - it would have been fixed in a different way had this
+  change not happened - that's the "missing" sccs version id).
+
+
+Release data2011m - 2011-10-24 21:42:16 +0700
+
+  In particular, the typos in comments in the data (2011-11-17 should have
+  been 2011-10-17 as Alan Barrett noted, and spelling of Tiraspol that
+  Tim Parenti noted) have been fixed, and the change for Ukraine has been
+  made in all 4 Ukrainian zones, rather than just Kiev (again, thanks to
+  Tim Parenti, and also Denys Gavrysh)
+
+  In addition, I added Europe/Tiraspol to zone.tab.
+
+  This time, all the files have new version numbers...  (including the files
+  otherwise unchanged in 2011m that were changed in 2011l but didn't get new
+  version numbers there...)
+
+
+Release data2011l - 2011-10-10 11:15:43 +0700
+
+  There are just 2 changes that cause different generated tzdata files from
+  zic, to Asia/Hebron and Pacific/Fiji - the possible change for Bahia, Brazil
+  is included, but commented out.  Compared with the diff I sent out last week,
+  this version also includes attributions for the sources for the changes
+  (in much the same format as ado used, but the html tags have not been
+  checked, verified, or used in any way at all, so if there are errors there,
+  please let me know.)
+
+
+Release data2011k - 2011-09-20 17:54:03 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2011j - 2011-09-12 09:22:49 -0400
+
+  (contemporary changes for Samoa; past changes for Kenya, Uganda, and
+  Tanzania); there are also two spelling corrections to comments in
+  the australasia file (with thanks to Christos Zoulas).
+
+
+Release 2011i - 2011-08-29 05:56:32 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2011h - 2011-06-15 18:41:48 -0400
+
+  Russia and Curaçao changes
+
+
+Release 2011g - 2011-04-25 09:07:22 -0400
+
+  update the rules for Egypt to reflect its abandonment of DST this year
+
+
+Release 2011f - 2011-04-06 17:14:53 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2011e - 2011-03-31 16:04:38 -0400
+
+  Morocco, Chile, and tz-link changes
+
+
+Release 2011d - 2011-03-14 09:18:01 -0400
+
+  changes that impact present-day time stamps in Cuba, Samoa, and Turkey
+
+
+Release 2011c - 2011-03-07 09:30:09 -0500
+
+  These do affect current time stamps in Chile and Annette Island, Canada.
+
+
+Release 2011b - 2011-02-07 08:44:50 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2011a - 2011-01-24 10:30:16 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2010o - 2010-11-01 09:18:23 -0400
+
+  change to the end of DST in Fiji in 2011
+
+
+Release 2010n - 2010-10-25 08:19:17 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2010m - 2010-09-27 09:24:48 -0400
+
+  Hong Kong, Vostok, and zic.c changes
+
+
+Release 2010l - 2010-08-16 06:57:25 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2010k - 2010-07-26 10:42:27 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2010j - 2010-05-10 09:07:48 -0400
+
+  changes for Bahía de Banderas and for version naming
+
+
+Release data2010i - 2010-04-16 18:50:45 -0400
+
+  the end of DST in Morocco on 2010-08-08
+
+
+Release data2010h - 2010-04-05 09:58:56 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2010g - 2010-03-24 11:14:53 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2010f - 2010-03-22 09:45:46 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2010e - 2010-03-08 14:24:27 -0500
+
+  corrects the Dhaka bug found by Danvin Ruangchan
+
+
+Release data2010d - 2010-03-06 07:26:01 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2010c - 2010-03-01 09:20:58 -0500
+
+  changes including KRE's suggestion for earlier initialization of
+  "goahead" and "goback" structure elements
+
+
+Release code2010a - 2010-02-16 10:40:04 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2010b - 2010-01-20 12:37:01 -0500
+
+  Mexico changes
+
+
+Release data2010a - 2010-01-18 08:30:04 -0500
+
+  changes to Dhaka
+
+
+Release data2009u - 2009-12-26 08:32:28 -0500
+
+  changes to DST in Bangladesh
+
+
+Release 2009t - 2009-12-21 13:24:27 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2009s - 2009-11-14 10:26:32 -0500
+
+  (cosmetic) Antarctica change and the DST-in-Fiji-in-2009-and-2010 change
+
+
+Release 2009r - 2009-11-09 10:10:31 -0500
+
+  "antarctica" and "tz-link.htm" changes
+
+
+Release 2009q - 2009-11-02 09:12:40 -0500
+
+  with two corrections as reported by Eric Muller and Philip Newton
+
+
+Release data2009p - 2009-10-23 15:05:27 -0400
+
+  Argentina (including San Luis) changes (with the correction from
+  Mariano Absatz)
+
+
+Release data2009o - 2009-10-14 16:49:38 -0400
+
+  Samoa (commentary only), Pakistan, and Bangladesh changes
+
+
+Release data2009n - 2009-09-22 15:13:38 -0400
+
+  added commentary for Argentina and a change to the end of DST in
+  2009 in Pakistan
+
+
+Release data2009m - 2009-09-03 10:23:43 -0400
+
+  Samoa and Palestine changes
+
+
+Release data2009l - 2009-08-14 09:13:07 -0400
+
+  Samoa (comments only) and Egypt
+
+
+Release 2009k - 2009-07-20 09:46:08 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2009j - 2009-06-15 06:43:59 -0400
+
+  Bangladesh change (with a short turnaround since the DST change is
+  impending)
+
+
+Release 2009i - 2009-06-08 09:21:22 -0400
+
+  updating for DST in Bangladesh this year
+
+
+Release 2009h - 2009-05-26 09:19:14 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2009g - 2009-04-20 16:34:07 -0400
+
+  Cairo
+
+
+Release data2009f - 2009-04-10 11:00:52 -0400
+
+  correct DST in Pakistan
+
+
+Release 2009e - 2009-04-06 09:08:11 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2009d - 2009-03-23 09:38:12 -0400
+
+  Morocco, Tunisia, Argentina, and American Astronomical Society changes
+
+
+Release data2009c - 2009-03-16 09:47:51 -0400
+
+  change to the start of Cuban DST
+
+
+Release 2009b - 2009-02-09 11:15:22 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2009a - 2009-01-21 10:09:39 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data2008i - 2008-10-21 12:10:25 -0400
+
+  southamerica and zone.tab files, with Argentina DST rule changes and
+  United States zone reordering and recommenting
+
+
+Release 2008h - 2008-10-13 07:33:56 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2008g - 2008-10-06 09:03:18 -0400
+
+  Fix a broken HTML anchor and update Brazil's DST transitions;
+  there's also a slight reordering of information in tz-art.htm.
+
+
+Release data2008f - 2008-09-09 22:33:26 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2008e - 2008-07-28 14:11:17 -0400
+
+  changes by Arthur David Olson and Jesper Nørgaard Welen
+
+
+Release data2008d - 2008-07-07 09:51:38 -0400
+
+  changes by Arthur David Olson, Paul Eggert, and Rodrigo Severo
+
+
+Release data2008c - 2008-05-19 17:48:03 -0400
+
+  Pakistan, Morocco, and Mongolia
+
+
+Release data2008b - 2008-03-24 08:30:59 -0400
+
+  including renaming Asia/Calcutta to Asia/Kolkata, with a backward
+  link provided
+
+
+Release 2008a - 2008-03-08 05:42:16 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 2007k - 2007-12-31 10:25:22 -0500
+
+  most importantly, changes to the "southamerica" file based on
+  Argentina's readoption of daylight saving time
+
+
+Release 2007j - 2007-12-03 09:51:01 -0500
+
+  1. eliminate the "P" (parameter) macro;
+
+  2. the "noncontroversial" changes circulated on the time zone
+  mailing list (less the changes to "logwtmp.c");
+
+  3. eliminate "too many transition" errors when "min" is used in time
+  zone rules;
+
+  4. changes by Paul Eggert (including updated information for Venezuela).
+
+
+Release data2007i - 2007-10-30 10:28:11 -0400
+
+  changes for Cuba and Syria
+
+
+Release 2007h - 2007-10-01 10:05:51 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert, as well as an updated link to the ICU
+  project in tz-link.htm
+
+
+Release 2007g - 2007-08-20 10:47:59 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  The "leapseconds" file has been updated to incorporate the most
+  recent International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
+  (IERS) bulletin.
+
+  There's an addition to tz-art.htm regarding the television show "Medium".
+
+
+Release 2007f - 2007-05-07 10:46:46 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (including Haiti, Turks and Caicos, and New
+  Zealand)
+
+  changes to zic.c to allow hour values greater than 24 (along with
+  Paul's improved time value overflow checking)
+
+
+Release 2007e - 2007-04-02 10:11:52 -0400
+
+  Syria and Honduras changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  zic.c variable renaming changes by Arthur David Olson
+
+
+Release 2007d - 2007-03-20 08:48:30 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  the elimination of white space at the ends of lines
+
+
+Release 2007c - 2007-02-26 09:09:37 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2007b - 2007-02-12 09:34:20 -0500
+
+  Paul Eggert's proposed change to the quotation handling logic in zic.c.
+
+  changes to the commentary in "leapseconds" reflecting the IERS
+  announcement that there is to be no positive leap second at the end
+  of June 2007.
+
+
+Release 2007a - 2007-01-08 12:28:29 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  Derick Rethan's Asmara change
+
+  Oscar van Vlijmen's Easter Island local mean time change
+
+  symbolic link changes
+
+
+Release 2006p - 2006-11-27 08:54:27 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2006o - 2006-11-06 09:18:07 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2006n - 2006-10-10 11:32:06 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2006m - 2006-10-02 15:32:35 -0400
+
+  changes for Uruguay, Palestine, and Egypt by Paul Eggert
+
+  (minimalist) changes to zic.8 to clarify "until" information
+
+
+Release data2006l - 2006-09-18 12:58:11 -0400
+
+  Paul's best-effort work on this coming weekend's Egypt time change
+
+
+Release 2006k - 2006-08-28 12:19:09 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2006j - 2006-08-21 09:56:32 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release code2006i - 2006-08-07 12:30:55 -0400
+
+  localtime.c fixes
+
+  Ken Pizzini's conversion script
+
+
+Release code2006h - 2006-07-24 09:19:37 -0400
+
+  adds public domain notices to four files
+
+  includes a fix for transition times being off by a second
+
+  adds a new recording to the "arts" file (information courtesy Colin Bowern)
+
+
+Release 2006g - 2006-05-08 17:18:09 -0400
+
+  northamerica changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2006f - 2006-05-01 11:46:00 -0400
+
+  a missing version number problem is fixed (with thanks to Bradley
+  White for catching the problem)
+
+
+Release 2006d - 2006-04-17 14:33:43 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  added new items to tz-arts.htm that were found by Paul
+
+
+Release 2006c - 2006-04-03 10:09:32 -0400
+
+  two sets of data changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  a fencepost error fix in zic.c
+
+  changes to zic.c and the "europe" file to minimize differences
+  between output produced by the old 32-bit zic and the new 64-bit
+  version
+
+
+Release 2006b - 2006-02-20 10:08:18 -0500
+  [tz32code2006b + tz64code2006b + tzdata2006b]
+
+  64-bit code
+
+  All SCCS IDs were bumped to "8.1" for this release.
+
+
+Release 2006a - 2006-01-30 08:59:31 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (in particular, Indiana time zone moves)
+
+  an addition to the zic manual page to describe how special-case
+  transitions are handled
+
+
+Release 2005r - 2005-12-27 09:27:13 -0500
+
+  Canadian changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  They also add "<pre>" directives to time zone data files and reflect
+  changes to warning message logic in "zdump.c" (but with calls to
+  "gettext" kept unbundled at the suggestion of Ken Pizzini).
+
+
+Release 2005q - 2005-12-13 09:17:09 -0500
+
+  Nothing earth-shaking here:
+	1.  Electronic mail addresses have been removed.
+	2.  Casts of the return value of exit have been removed.
+	3.  Casts of the argument of is.* macros have been added.
+	4.  Indentation in one section of zic.c has been fixed.
+	5.  References to dead URLs in the data files have been dealt with.
+
+
+Release 2005p - 2005-12-05 10:30:53 -0500
+
+  "systemv", "tz-link.htm", and "zdump.c" changes
+  (less the casts of arguments to the is* macros)
+
+
+Release 2005o - 2005-11-28 10:55:26 -0500
+
+  Georgia, Cuba, Nicaragua, and Jordan changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  zdump.c lint fixes by Arthur David Olson
+
+
+Release 2005n - 2005-10-03 09:44:09 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (both the Uruguay changes and the Kyrgyzstan
+  et al. changes)
+
+
+Release 2005m - 2005-08-29 12:15:40 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (with a small tweak to the tz-art change)
+
+  a declaration of an unused variable has been removed from zdump.c
+
+
+Release 2005l - 2005-08-22 12:06:39 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  overflow/underflow checks by Arthur David Olson, minus changes to
+  the "Theory" file about the pending addition of 64-bit data (I grow
+  less confident of the changes being accepted with each passing day,
+  and the changes no longer increase the data files nine-fold--there's
+  less than a doubling in size by my local Sun's reckoning)
+
+
+Release 2005k - 2005-07-14 14:14:24 -0400
+
+  The "leapseconds" file has been edited to reflect the recently
+  announced leap second at the end of 2005.
+
+  I've also deleted electronic mail addresses from the files as an
+  anti-spam measure.
+
+
+Release 2005j - 2005-06-13 14:34:13 -0400
+
+  These reflect changes to limit the length of time zone abbreviations
+  and the characters used in those abbreviations.
+
+  There are also changes to handle POSIX-style "quoted" time zone
+  environment variables.
+
+  The changes were circulated on the time zone mailing list; the only
+  change since then was the removal of a couple of minimum-length of
+  abbreviation checks.
+
+
+Release data2005i - 2005-04-21 15:04:16 -0400
+
+  changes (most importantly to Nicaragua and Haiti) by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2005h - 2005-04-04 11:24:47 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  minor changes to Makefile and zdump.c to produce more useful output
+  when doing a "make typecheck"
+
+
+Release 2005g - 2005-03-14 10:11:21 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (a change to current DST rules in Uruguay and
+  an update to a link to time zone software)
+
+
+Release 2005f - 2005-03-01 08:45:32 -0500
+
+  data and documentation changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2005e - 2005-02-10 15:59:44 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release code2005d - 2005-01-31 09:21:47 -0500
+
+  make zic complain about links to links if the -v flag is used
+
+  have "make public" do more code checking
+
+  add an include to "localtime.c" for the benefit of gcc systems
+
+
+Release 2005c - 2005-01-17 18:36:29 -0500
+
+  get better results when mktime runs on a system where time_t is double
+
+  changes to the data files (most importantly to Paraguay)
+
+
+Release 2005b - 2005-01-10 09:19:54 -0500
+
+  Get localtime and gmtime working on systems with exotic time_t types.
+
+  Update the leap second commentary in the "leapseconds" file.
+
+
+Release 2005a - 2005-01-01 13:13:44 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release code2004i - 2004-12-14 13:42:58 -0500
+
+  Deal with systems where time_t is unsigned.
+
+
+Release code2004h - 2004-12-07 11:40:18 -0500
+
+  64-bit-time_t changes
+
+
+Release 2004g - 2004-11-02 09:06:01 -0500
+
+  update to Cuba (taking effect this weekend)
+
+  other changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  correction of the spelling of Oslo
+
+  changed versions of difftime.c and private.h
+
+
+Release code2004f - 2004-10-21 10:25:22 -0400
+
+  Cope with wide-ranging tm_year values.
+
+
+Release 2004e - 2004-10-11 14:47:21 -0400
+
+  Brazil/Argentina/Israel changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  changes to tz-link.htm by Paul
+
+  one small fix to Makefile
+
+
+Release 2004d - 2004-09-22 08:27:29 -0400
+
+  Avoid overflow problems when TM_YEAR_BASE is added to an integer.
+
+
+Release 2004c - 2004-08-11 12:06:26 -0400
+
+  asctime-related changes
+
+  (variants of) some of the documentation changes suggested by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2004b - 2004-07-19 14:33:35 -0400
+
+  data changes by Paul Eggert - most importantly, updates for Argentina
+
+
+Release 2004a - 2004-05-27 12:00:47 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  Handle DST transitions that occur at the end of a month in some
+  years but at the start of the following month in other years.
+
+  Add a copy of the correspondence that's the basis for claims about
+  DST in the Navajo Nation.
+
+
+Release 2003e - 2003-12-15 09:36:47 -0500
+
+  changes by Arthur David Olson (primarily code changes)
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (primarily data changes)
+
+  minor changes to "Makefile" and "northamerica" (in the latter case,
+  optimization of the "Toronto" rules)
+
+
+Release 2003d - 2003-10-06 09:34:44 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2003c - 2003-09-16 10:47:05 -0400
+
+  Fix bad returns in zic.c's inleap function.
+  Thanks to Bradley White for catching the problem!
+
+
+Release 2003b - 2003-09-16 07:13:44 -0400
+
+  Add a "--version" option (and documentation) to the zic and zdump commands.
+
+  changes to overflow/underflow checking in zic
+
+  a localtime typo fix.
+
+  Update the leapseconds and tz-art.htm files.
+
+
+Release 2003a - 2003-03-24 09:30:54 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  a few additions and modifications to the tz-art.htm file
+
+
+Release 2002d - 2002-10-15 13:12:42 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert, less the "Britain (UK)" change in iso3166.tab
+
+  There's also a new time zone quote in "tz-art.htm".
+
+
+Release 2002c - 2002-04-04 11:55:20 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  Change zic.c to avoid creating symlinks to files that don't exist.
+
+
+Release 2002b - 2002-01-28 12:56:03 -0500
+
+  [These change notes are for Release 2002a, which was corrupted.
+  2002b was a corrected version of 2002a.]
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  Update the "leapseconds" file to note that there'll be no leap
+  second at the end of June, 2002.
+
+  Change "zic.c" to deal with a problem in handling the "Asia/Bishkek" zone.
+
+  Change to "difftime.c" to avoid sizeof problems.
+
+
+Release 2001d - 2001-10-09 13:31:32 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2001c - 2001-06-05 13:59:55 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert and Andrew Brown
+
+
+Release 2001b - 2001-04-05 16:44:38 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (modulo jnorgard's typo fix)
+
+  tz-art.htm has been HTMLified.
+
+
+Release 2001a - 2001-03-13 12:57:44 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  An addition to the "leapseconds" file: comments with the text of the
+  latest IERS leap second notice.
+
+  Trailing white space has been removed from data file lines, and
+  repeated spaces in "Rule Jordan" lines in the "asia" file have been
+  converted to tabs.
+
+
+Release 2000h - 2000-12-14 15:33:38 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  one typo fix in the "art" file
+
+  With providence, this is the last update of the millennium.
+
+
+Release 2000g - 2000-10-10 11:35:22 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  correction of John Mackin's name submitted by Robert Elz
+
+  Garry Shandling's Daylight Saving Time joke (!?!) from the recent
+  Emmy Awards broadcast.
+
+
+Release 2000f - 2000-08-10 09:31:58 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  Added information in "tz-art.htm" on a Seinfeld reference to DST.
+
+  Error checking and messages in the "yearistype" script have been
+  improved.
+
+
+Release 2000e - 2000-07-31 09:27:54 -0400
+
+  data changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  a change to the default value of the defined constant HAVE_STRERROR
+
+  the addition of a Dave Barry quote on DST to the tz-arts file
+
+
+Release 2000d - 2000-04-20 15:43:04 -0400
+
+  changes to the documentation and code of strftime for C99 conformance
+
+  a bug fix for date.c
+
+  These are based on (though modified from) changes by Paul Eggert.
+
+
+Release 2000c - 2000-03-04 10:31:43 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 2000b - 2000-02-21 12:16:29 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert and Joseph Myers
+
+  modest tweaks to the tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm files
+
+
+Release 2000a - 2000-01-18 09:21:26 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  The two hypertext documents have also been renamed.
+
+
+Release code1999i-data1999j - 1999-11-15 18:43:22 -0500
+
+  Paul Eggert's changes
+
+  additions to the "zic" manual page and the "Arts.htm" file
+
+
+Release code1999h-data1999i - 1999-11-08 14:55:21 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release data1999h - 1999-10-07 03:50:29 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert to "europe" (most importantly, fixing
+  Lithuania and Estonia)
+
+
+Release 1999g - 1999-09-28 11:06:18 -0400
+
+  data changes by Paul Eggert (most importantly, the change for
+  Lebanon that buys correctness for this coming Sunday)
+
+  The "code" file contains changes to "Makefile" and "checktab.awk" to
+  allow better checking of time zone files before they are published.
+
+
+Release 1999f - 1999-09-23 09:48:14 -0400
+
+  changes by Arthur David Olson and Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release 1999e - 1999-08-17 15:20:54 -0400
+
+  changes circulated by Paul Eggert, although the change to handling
+  of DST-specifying time zone names has been commented out for now
+  (search for "XXX" in "localtime.c" for details).  These files also
+  do not make any changes to the start of DST in Brazil.
+
+  In addition to Paul's changes, there are updates to "Arts.htm" and
+  cleanups of URLs.
+
+
+Release 1999d - 1999-03-30 11:31:07 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  The Makefile's "make public" rule has also been changed to do a test
+  compile of each individual time zone data file (which should help
+  avoid problems such as the one we had with Nicosia).
+
+
+Release 1999c - 1999-03-25 09:47:47 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert, most importantly the change for Chile.
+
+
+Release 1999b - 1999-02-01 17:51:44 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  code changes (suggested by Mani Varadarajan, mani at be.com) for
+  correct handling of symbolic links when building using a relative directory
+
+  code changes to generate correct messages for failed links
+
+  updates to the URLs in Arts.htm
+
+
+Release 1999a - 1999-01-19 16:20:29 -0500
+
+  error message internationalizations and corrections in zic.c and
+  zdump.c (as suggested by Vladimir Michl, vladimir.michl at upol.cz,
+  to whom thanks!)
+
+
+Release code1998h-data1998i - 1998-10-01 09:56:10 -0400
+
+  changes for Brazil, Chile, and Germany
+
+  support for use of "24:00" in the input files for the time zone compiler
+
+
+Release code1998g-data1998h - 1998-09-24 10:50:28 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  correction to a define in the "private.h" file
+
+
+Release data1998g - 1998-08-11 03:28:35 -0000
+  [tzdata1998g.tar.gz is missing!]
+
+  Lithuanian change provided by mgedmin at pub.osf.it
+
+  Move creation of the GMT link with Etc/GMT to "etcetera" (from
+  "backward") to ensure that the GMT file is created even where folks
+  don't want the "backward" links (as suggested by Paul Eggert).
+
+
+Release data1998f - 1998-07-20 13:50:00 -0000
+  [tzdata1998f.tar.gz is missing!]
+
+  Update the "leapseconds" file to include the newly-announced
+  insertion at the end of 1998.
+
+
+Release code1998f - 1998-06-01 10:18:31 -0400
+
+  addition to localtime.c by Guy Harris
+
+
+Release 1998e - 1998-05-28 09:56:26 -0400
+
+  The Makefile is changed to produce zoneinfo-posix rather than
+  zoneinfo/posix, and to produce zoneinfo-leaps rather than
+  zoneinfo/right.
+
+  data changes by Paul Eggert
+
+  changes from Guy Harris to provide asctime_r and ctime_r
+
+  A usno1998 file (substantially identical to usno1997) has been added.
+
+
+Release 1998d - 1998-05-14 11:58:34 -0400
+
+  changes to comments (in particular, elimination of references to CIA maps).
+  "Arts.htm", "WWW.htm", "asia", and "australasia" are the only places
+  where changes occur.
+
+
+Release 1998c - 1998-02-28 12:32:26 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert (save the "French correction," on which I'll
+  wait for the dust to settle)
+
+  symlink changes
+
+  changes and additions to Arts.htm
+
+
+Release 1998b - 1998-01-17 14:31:51 -0500
+
+  URL cleanups and additions
+
+
+Release 1998a - 1998-01-13 12:37:35 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release code1997i-data1997k - 1997-12-29 09:53:41 -0500
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert, with minor modifications from Arthur David
+  Olson to make the files more browser friendly
+
+
+Release code1997h-data1997j - 1997-12-18 17:47:35 -0500
+
+  minor changes to put "TZif" at the start of each time zone information file
+
+  a rule has also been added to the Makefile so you can
+	make zones
+  to just recompile the zone information files (rather than doing a
+  full "make install" with its other effects).
+
+
+Release data1997i - 1997-10-07 08:45:38 -0400
+
+  changes to Africa by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release code1997g-data1997h - 1997-09-04 16:56:54 -0400
+
+  corrections for Uruguay (and other locations)
+
+  Arthur David Olson's simple-minded fix allowing mktime to both
+  correctly handle leap seconds and correctly handle tm_sec values
+  upon which arithmetic has been performed.
+
+
+Release code1997f-data1997g - 1997-07-19 13:15:02 -0400
+
+  Paul Eggert's updates
+
+  a small change to a function prototype;
+
+  "Music" has been renamed "Arts.htm", HTMLified, and augmented to
+  include information on Around the World in Eighty Days.
+
+
+Release code1997e-data1997f - 1997-05-03 18:52:34 -0400
+
+  fixes to zic's error handling
+
+  changes inspired by the item circulated on Slovenia
+
+  The description of Web resources has been HTMLified for browsing
+  convenience.
+
+  A new piece of tz-related music has been added to the "Music" file.
+
+
+Release code1997d-data1997e - 1997-03-29 12:48:52 -0500
+
+  Paul Eggert's latest suggestions
+
+
+Release code1997c-data1997d - 1997-03-07 20:37:54 -0500
+
+  changes to "zic.c" to correct performance of the "-s" option
+
+  a new file "usno1997"
+
+
+Release data1997c - 1997-03-04 09:58:18 -0500
+
+  changes in Israel
+
+
+Release 1997b - 1997-02-27 18:34:19 -0500
+
+  The data file incorporates the 1997 leap second.
+
+  The code file incorporates Arthur David Olson's take on the
+  zic/multiprocessor/directory-creation situation.
+
+
+Release 1997a - 1997-01-21 09:11:10 -0500
+
+  Paul Eggert's Antarctica (and other changes)
+
+  Arthur David Olson finessed the "getopt" issue by checking against
+  both -1 and EOF (regardless of POSIX, SunOS 4.1.1's manual says -1
+  is returned while SunOS 5.5's manual says EOF is returned).
+
+
+Release code1996o-data1996n - 1996-12-27 21:42:05 -0500
+
+  Paul Eggert's latest changes
+
+
+Release code1996n - 1996-12-16 09:42:02 -0500
+
+  link snapping fix from Bruce Evans (via Garrett Wollman)
+
+
+Release data1996m - 1996-11-24 02:37:34 -0000
+  [tzdata1996m.tar.gz is missing!]
+
+  Paul Eggert's batch of changes
+
+
+Release code1996m-data1996l - 1996-11-05 14:00:12 -0500
+
+  No functional changes here; the files have simply been changed to
+  make more use of ISO style dates in comments. The names of the above
+  files now include the year in full.
+
+
+Release code96l - 1996-09-08 17:12:20 -0400
+
+  tzcode96k was missing a couple of pieces.
+
+
+Release 96k - 1996-09-08 16:06:22 -0400
+
+  the latest round of changes from Paul Eggert
+
+  the recent Year 2000 material
+
+
+Release code96j - 1996-07-30 13:18:53 -0400
+
+  Set sp->typecnt as suggested by Timothy Patrick Murphy.
+
+
+Release code96i - 1996-07-27 20:11:35 -0400
+
+  Paul's suggested patch for strftime %V week numbers
+
+
+Release data96i - 1996-07-01 18:13:04 -0400
+
+  "northamerica" and "europe" changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release code96h - 1996-06-05 08:02:21 -0400
+
+  fix for handling transitions specified in Universal Time
+
+  Some "public domain" notices have also been added.
+
+
+Release code96g - 1996-05-16 14:00:26 -0400
+
+  fix for the simultaneous-DST-and-zone-change challenge
+
+
+Release data96h - 1996-05-09 17:40:51 -0400
+
+  changes by Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release code96f-data96g - 1996-05-03 03:09:59 -0000
+  [tzcode96f.tar.gz + tzdata96g.tar.gz are both missing!]
+
+  The changes get us some of the way to fixing the problems noted in Paul
+  Eggert's letter yesterday (in addition to a few others).  The approach
+  has been to make zic a bit smarter about figuring out what time zone
+  abbreviations apply just after the time specified in the "UNTIL" part
+  of a zone line.  Putting the smarts in zic means avoiding having
+  transition times show up in both "Zone" lines and "Rule" lines, which
+  in turn avoids multiple transition time entries in time zone files.
+  (This also makes the zic input files such as "europe" a bit shorter and
+  should ease maintenance.)
+
+
+Release data96f - 1996-04-19 19:20:03 -0000
+  [tzdata96f.tar.gz is missing!]
+
+  The only changes are to the "northamerica" file; the time zone
+  abbreviation for Denver is corrected to MST (and MDT), and the
+  comments for Mexico have been updated.
+
+
+Release data96e - 1996-03-19 17:37:26 -0500
+
+  Proposals by Paul Eggert, in particular the Portugal change that
+  comes into play at the end of this month.
+
+
+Release data96d - 1996-03-18 20:49:39 -0500
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release code96e - 1996-02-29 15:43:27 -0000
+  [tzcode96e.tar.gz is missing!]
+
+  internationalization changes and the fix to the documentation for strftime
+
+
+Release code96d-data96c - 1996-02-12 11:05:27 -0500
+
+  The "code" file simply updates Bob Kridle's electronic address.
+
+  The "data" file updates rules for Mexico.
+
+
+Release data96b - 1996-01-27 15:44:42 -0500
+
+  Kiribati change
+
+
+Release code96c - 1996-01-16 16:58:15 -0500
+
+  leap-year streamlining and binary-search changes
+
+  fix to newctime.3
+
+
+Release code96b - 1996-01-10 20:42:39 -0500
+
+  fixes and enhancements from Paul Eggert, including code that
+  emulates the behavior of recent versions of the SunOS "date"
+  command.
+
+
+Release 96a - 1996-01-06 09:08:24 -0500
+
+  Israel updates
+
+  fixes to strftime.c for correct ISO 8601 week number generation,
+  plus support for two new formats ('G' and 'g') to give ISO 8601 year
+  numbers (which are not necessarily the same as calendar year numbers)
+
+
+Release code95i-data95m - 1995-12-21 12:46:47 -0500
+
+  The latest revisions from Paul Eggert are included, the usno1995
+  file has been updated, and a new file ("WWW") covering useful URLs
+  has been added.
+
+
+Release code95h-data95l - 1995-12-19 18:10:12 -0500
+
+  A simplification of a macro definition, a change to data for Sudan,
+  and (for last minute shoppers) notes in the "Music" file on the CD
+  "Old Man Time".
+
+
+Release code95g-data95k - 1995-10-30 10:32:47 -0500
+
+  (slightly reformatted) 8-bit-clean proposed patch
+
+  minor patch: US/Eastern -> America/New_York
+
+  snapshot of the USNO's latest data ("usno1995")
+
+  some other minor cleanups
+
+
+Release code95f-data95j - 1995-10-28 21:01:34 -0000
+  [tzcode95f.tar.gz + tzdata95j.tar.gz are both missing!]
+
+  European cleanups
+
+  support for 64-bit time_t's
+
+  optimization in localtime.c
+
+
+Release code95e - 1995-10-13 13:23:57 -0400
+
+  the mktime change to scan from future to past when trying to find time zone
+  offsets
+
+
+Release data95i - 1995-09-26 10:43:26 -0400
+
+  For Canada/Central, guess that the Sun customer's "one week too
+  early" was just a approximation, and the true error is one month
+  too early.  This is consistent with the rest of Canada.
+
+
+Release data95h - 1995-09-21 11:26:48 -0400
+
+  latest changes from Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release code95d - 1995-09-14 11:14:45 -0400
+
+  the addition of a "Music" file, which documents four recorded
+  versions of the tune "Save That Time".
+
+
+Release data95g - 1995-09-01 17:21:36 -0400
+
+  "yearistype" correction
+
+
+Release data95f - 1995-08-28 20:46:56 -0400
+
+  Paul Eggert's change to the australasia file
+
+
+Release data95e - 1995-07-08 18:02:34 -0400
+
+  The only change is a leap second at the end of this year.
+  Thanks to Bradley White for forwarding news on the leap second.
+
+
+Release data95d - 1995-07-03 13:26:22 -0400
+
+  Paul Eggert's changes
+
+
+Release data95c - 1995-07-02 19:19:28 -0400
+
+  changes to "asia", "backward", "europe", and "southamerica"
+  (read: northamericacentrics need not apply)
+
+
+Release code95c - 1995-03-13 14:00:46 -0500
+
+  one-line fix for sign extension problems in detzcode
+
+
+Release 95b - 1995-03-04 11:22:38 -0500
+
+  Minor changes in both:
+
+  The "code" file contains a workaround for the lack of "unistd.h" in
+  Microsoft C++ version 7.
+
+  The "data" file contains a fixed "Link" for America/Shiprock.
+
+
+Release 94h - 1994-12-10 12:51:14 -0500
+
+  The files:
+
+  *	incorporate the changes to "zdump" and "date" to make changes to
+	the "TZ" environment variable permanent;
+
+  *	incorporate the table changes by Paul Eggert;
+
+  *	include (and document) support for universal time specifications in
+	data files - but do not (yet) include use of this feature in the
+	data files.
+
+  Think of this as "TZ Classic" - the software has been set up not to break if
+  universal time shows up in its input, and data entries have been
+  left as is so as not to break existing implementations.
+
+
+Release data94f - 1994-08-20 12:56:09 -0400
+
+  (with thanks!) the latest data updates from Paul Eggert
+
+
+Release data94e - 1994-06-04 13:13:53 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release code94g - 1994-05-05 12:14:07 -0400
+
+  fix missing "optind.c" and a reference to it in the Makefile
+
+
+Release code94f - 1994-05-05 13:00:33 -0000
+  [tzcode94f.tar.gz is missing!]
+
+  changes to avoid overflow in difftime, as well as changes to cope
+  with the 52/53 challenge in strftime
+
+
+Release code94e - 1994-03-30 23:32:59 -0500
+
+  change for the benefit of PCTS
+
+
+Release 94d - 1994-02-24 15:42:25 -0500
+
+  Avoid clashes with POSIX semantics for zones such as GMT+4.
+
+  Some other very minor housekeeping is also present.
+
+
+Release code94c - 1994-02-10 08:52:40 -0500
+
+  Fix bug where mkdirs was broken unless you compile with
+  -fwritable-strings (which is generally losing to do).
+
+
+Release 94b - 1994-02-07 10:04:33 -0500
+
+  work by Paul Eggert who notes:
+
+  I found another book of time zone histories by E W Whitman; it's not
+  as extensive as Shanks but has a few goodies of its own.  I used it
+  to update the tables.  I also fixed some more as a result of
+  correspondence with Adam David and Peter Ilieve, and move some stray
+  links from 'europe' to 'backward'.  I corrected some scanning errors
+  in usno1989.
+
+  As far as the code goes, I fixed zic to allow years in the range
+  INT_MIN to INT_MAX; this fixed a few boundary conditions around 1900.
+  And I cleaned up the zic documentation a little bit.
+
+
+Release data94a - 1994-02-03 08:58:54 -0500
+
+  It simply incorporates the recently announced leap second into the
+  "leapseconds" file.
+
+
+Release 93g - 1993-11-22 17:28:27 -0500
+
+  Paul Eggert has provided a good deal of historic information (based
+  on Shanks), and there are some code changes to deal with the buglets
+  that crawled out in dealing with the new information.
+
+
+Release 93f - 1993-10-15 12:27:46 -0400
+
+  Paul Eggert's changes
+
+
+Release 93e - 1993-09-05 21:21:44 -0400
+
+  This has updated data for Israel, England, and Kwajalein.  There's
+  also an update to "zdump" to cope with Kwajalein's 24-hour jump.
+  Thanks to Paul Eggert and Peter Ilieve for the changes.
+
+
+Release 93d - 1993-06-17 23:34:17 -0400
+
+  new fix and new data on Israel
+
+
+Release 93c - 1993-06-06 19:31:55 -0400
+
+  [not summarized]
+
+
+Release 93b - 1993-02-02 14:53:58 -0500
+
+  updated "leapseconds" file
+
+
+Release 93 - 1993-01-08 07:01:06 -0500
+
+  At kre's suggestion, the package has been split in two - a code piece
+  (which also includes documentation) that's only of use to folks who
+  want to recompile things and a data piece useful to anyone who can
+  run "zic".
+
+  The new version has a few changes to the data files, a few
+  portability changes, and an off-by-one fix (with thanks to
+  Tom Karzes at deshaw.com for providing a description and a
+  solution).
+
+
+Release 92c - 1992-11-21 17:35:36 -0000
+  [tz92c.tar.Z is missing!]
+
+  The fallout from the latest round of DST transitions.
+
+  There are changes for Portugal, Saskatchewan, and "Pacific-New";
+  there's also a change to "zic.c" that makes it portable to more systems.
+
+
+Release 92 - 1992-04-25 18:17:03 -0000
+  [tz92.tar.Z is missing!]
+
+  By popular demand (well, at any rate, following a request by kre at munnari)
+
+
+The 1989 update of the time zone package featured:
+
+  *	POSIXization (including interpretation of POSIX-style TZ environment
+	variables, provided by Guy Harris),
+  *	ANSIfication (including versions of "mktime" and "difftime"),
+  *	SVIDulation (an "altzone" variable)
+  *	MACHination (the "gtime" function)
+  *	corrections to some time zone data (including corrections to the rules
+	for Great Britain and New Zealand)
+  *	reference data from the United States Naval Observatory for folks who
+	want to do additional time zones
+  *	and the 1989 data for Saudi Arabia.
+
+  (Since this code will be treated as "part of the implementation" in some
+  places and as "part of the application" in others, there's no good way to
+  name functions, such as timegm, that are not part of the proposed ANSI C
+  standard; such functions have kept their old, underscore-free names in this
+  update.)
+
+  And the "dysize" function has disappeared; it was present to allow
+  compilation of the "date" command on old BSD systems, and a version of "date"
+  is now provided in the package.  The "date" command is not created when you
+  "make all" since it may lack options provided by the version distributed with
+  your operating system, or may not interact with the system in the same way
+  the native version does.
+
+  Since POSIX frowns on correct leap second handling, the default behavior of
+  the "zic" command (in the absence of a "-L" option) has been changed to omit
+  leap second information from its output files.
+
+
+-----
+Notes
+
+This file contains copies of the part of each release announcement
+that talks about the changes in that release.  The text has been
+adapted and reformatted for the purposes of this file.
+
+Traditionally a release R consists of a pair of tarball files,
+tzcodeR.tar.gz and tzdataR.tar.gz.  However, some releases (e.g.,
+code2010a, data2012c) consist of just one or the other tarball, and a
+few (e.g., code2012c-data2012d) have tarballs with mixed version
+numbers.  Recent releases also come in an experimental format
+consisting of a single tarball tzdb-R.tar.lz with extra data.
+
+Release time stamps are taken from the release's commit (for newer,
+Git-based releases), from the newest file in the tarball (for older
+releases, where this info is available) or from the email announcing
+the release (if all else fails; these are marked with a time zone of
+-0000 and an "is missing!" comment).
+
+Earlier versions of the code and data were not announced on the tz
+list and are not summarized here.
+
+This file is in the public domain.
+
+Local Variables:
+coding: utf-8
+End:
diff --git a/README b/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8a09aa2cb9f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+README for the tz distribution
+
+"What time is it?" -- Richard Deacon as The King
+"Any time you want it to be." -- Frank Baxter as The Scientist
+					(from the Bell System film "About Time")
+
+The Time Zone Database (often called tz or zoneinfo) contains code and
+data that represent the history of local time for many representative
+locations around the globe.  It is updated periodically to reflect
+changes made by political bodies to time zone boundaries, UTC offsets,
+and daylight-saving rules.
+
+Here is a recipe for acquiring, building, installing, and testing the
+tz distribution on a GNU/Linux or similar host.
+
+To acquire the distribution, run the following shell commands:
+
+	mkdir tz
+	cd tz
+	wget --retr-symlinks 'ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tz*-latest.tar.gz'
+	gzip -dc tzcode-latest.tar.gz | tar -xf -
+	gzip -dc tzdata-latest.tar.gz | tar -xf -
+
+Alternatively, the following shell commands acquire the same
+distribution, with extra data useful for regression testing:
+
+	wget --retr-symlinks 'ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tzdb-latest.tar.lz'
+	lzip -dc tzdb-latest.tar.lz | tar -xf -
+
+Be sure to read the comments in "Makefile" and make any changes needed
+to make things right for your system, especially if you are using some
+platform other than GNU/Linux.  Then run the following commands,
+substituting your desired installation directory for "$HOME/tzdir":
+
+	make TOPDIR=$HOME/tzdir install
+	$HOME/tzdir/etc/zdump -v America/Los_Angeles
+
+Historical local time information has been included here to:
+
+*	provide a compendium of data about the history of civil time
+	that is useful even if not 100% accurate;
+
+*	give an idea of the variety of local time rules that have
+	existed in the past and thus an idea of the variety that may be
+	expected in the future;
+
+*	provide a test of the generality of the local time rule description
+	system.
+
+The information in the time zone data files is by no means authoritative;
+fixes and enhancements are welcome.  Please see the file CONTRIBUTING
+for details.
+
+Thanks to these Time Zone Caballeros who've made major contributions to the
+time conversion package: Keith Bostic; Bob Devine; Paul Eggert; Robert Elz;
+Guy Harris; Mark Horton; John Mackin; and Bradley White.  Thanks also to
+Michael Bloom, Art Neilson, Stephen Prince, John Sovereign, and Frank Wales
+for testing work, and to Gwillim Law for checking local mean time data.
+Thanks in particular to Arthur David Olson, the project's founder and first
+maintainer, to whom the time zone community owes the greatest debt of all.
+None of them are responsible for remaining errors.
+
+Look in <ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/> for updated versions of these files.
+
+Please send comments or information to tz@iana.org.
+
+-----
+
+This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2009-05-17 by
+Arthur David Olson.  The other files in this distribution are either
+public domain or BSD licensed; see the file LICENSE for details.
diff --git a/Theory b/Theory
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..677baf6f8c72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Theory
@@ -0,0 +1,840 @@
+Theory and pragmatics of the tz code and data
+
+
+----- Outline -----
+
+	Scope of the tz database
+	Names of time zone rules
+	Time zone abbreviations
+	Accuracy of the tz database
+	Time and date functions
+	Calendrical issues
+	Time and time zones on Mars
+
+
+----- Scope of the tz database -----
+
+The tz database attempts to record the history and predicted future of
+all computer-based clocks that track civil time.  To represent this
+data, the world is partitioned into regions whose clocks all agree
+about time stamps that occur after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff point
+of the POSIX Epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC).  For each such region,
+the database records all known clock transitions, and labels the region
+with a notable location.  Although 1970 is a somewhat-arbitrary
+cutoff, there are significant challenges to moving the cutoff earlier
+even by a decade or two, due to the wide variety of local practices
+before computer timekeeping became prevalent.
+
+Clock transitions before 1970 are recorded for each such location,
+because most systems support time stamps before 1970 and could
+misbehave if data entries were omitted for pre-1970 transitions.
+However, the database is not designed for and does not suffice for
+applications requiring accurate handling of all past times everywhere,
+as it would take far too much effort and guesswork to record all
+details of pre-1970 civil timekeeping.
+
+As described below, reference source code for using the tz database is
+also available.  The tz code is upwards compatible with POSIX, an
+international standard for UNIX-like systems.  As of this writing, the
+current edition of POSIX is:
+
+  The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7
+  IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition
+  <http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/>
+
+
+
+----- Names of time zone rules -----
+
+Each of the database's time zone rules has a unique name.
+Inexperienced users are not expected to select these names unaided.
+Distributors should provide documentation and/or a simple selection
+interface that explains the names; for one example, see the 'tzselect'
+program in the tz code.  The Unicode Common Locale Data Repository
+<http://cldr.unicode.org/> contains data that may be useful for other
+selection interfaces.
+
+The time zone rule naming conventions attempt to strike a balance
+among the following goals:
+
+ * Uniquely identify every region where clocks have agreed since 1970.
+   This is essential for the intended use: static clocks keeping local
+   civil time.
+
+ * Indicate to experts where that region is.
+
+ * Be robust in the presence of political changes.  For example, names
+   of countries are ordinarily not used, to avoid incompatibilities
+   when countries change their name (e.g. Zaire->Congo) or when
+   locations change countries (e.g. Hong Kong from UK colony to
+   China).
+
+ * Be portable to a wide variety of implementations.
+
+ * Use a consistent naming conventions over the entire world.
+
+Names normally have the form AREA/LOCATION, where AREA is the name
+of a continent or ocean, and LOCATION is the name of a specific
+location within that region.  North and South America share the same
+area, 'America'.  Typical names are 'Africa/Cairo', 'America/New_York',
+and 'Pacific/Honolulu'.
+
+Here are the general rules used for choosing location names,
+in decreasing order of importance:
+
+	Use only valid POSIX file name components (i.e., the parts of
+		names other than '/').  Do not use the file name
+		components '.' and '..'.  Within a file name component,
+		use only ASCII letters, '.', '-' and '_'.  Do not use
+		digits, as that might create an ambiguity with POSIX
+		TZ strings.  A file name component must not exceed 14
+		characters or start with '-'.  E.g., prefer 'Brunei'
+		to 'Bandar_Seri_Begawan'.  Exceptions: see the discussion
+		of legacy names below.
+	A name must not be empty, or contain '//', or start or end with '/'.
+	Do not use names that differ only in case.  Although the reference
+		implementation is case-sensitive, some other implementations
+		are not, and they would mishandle names differing only in case.
+	If one name A is an initial prefix of another name AB (ignoring case),
+		then B must not start with '/', as a regular file cannot have
+		the same name as a directory in POSIX.  For example,
+		'America/New_York' precludes 'America/New_York/Bronx'.
+	Uninhabited regions like the North Pole and Bouvet Island
+		do not need locations, since local time is not defined there.
+	There should typically be at least one name for each ISO 3166-1
+		officially assigned two-letter code for an inhabited country
+		or territory.
+	If all the clocks in a region have agreed since 1970,
+		don't bother to include more than one location
+		even if subregions' clocks disagreed before 1970.
+		Otherwise these tables would become annoyingly large.
+	If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative;
+		e.g. many cities are named San José and Georgetown, so
+		prefer 'Costa_Rica' to 'San_Jose' and 'Guyana' to 'Georgetown'.
+	Keep locations compact.  Use cities or small islands, not countries
+		or regions, so that any future time zone changes do not split
+		locations into different time zones.  E.g. prefer 'Paris'
+		to 'France', since France has had multiple time zones.
+	Use mainstream English spelling, e.g. prefer 'Rome' to 'Roma', and
+		prefer 'Athens' to the Greek 'Αθήνα' or the Romanized 'Athína'.
+		The POSIX file name restrictions encourage this rule.
+	Use the most populous among locations in a zone,
+		e.g. prefer 'Shanghai' to 'Beijing'.  Among locations with
+		similar populations, pick the best-known location,
+		e.g. prefer 'Rome' to 'Milan'.
+	Use the singular form, e.g. prefer 'Canary' to 'Canaries'.
+	Omit common suffixes like '_Islands' and '_City', unless that
+		would lead to ambiguity.  E.g. prefer 'Cayman' to
+		'Cayman_Islands' and 'Guatemala' to 'Guatemala_City',
+		but prefer 'Mexico_City' to 'Mexico' because the country
+		of Mexico has several time zones.
+	Use '_' to represent a space.
+	Omit '.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer 'St_Helena'
+		to 'St._Helena'.
+	Do not change established names if they only marginally
+		violate the above rules.  For example, don't change
+		the existing name 'Rome' to 'Milan' merely because
+		Milan's population has grown to be somewhat greater
+		than Rome's.
+	If a name is changed, put its old spelling in the 'backward' file.
+		This means old spellings will continue to work.
+
+The file 'zone1970.tab' lists geographical locations used to name time
+zone rules.  It is intended to be an exhaustive list of names for
+geographic regions as described above; this is a subset of the names
+in the data.  Although a 'zone1970.tab' location's longitude
+corresponds to its LMT offset with one hour for every 15 degrees east
+longitude, this relationship is not exact.
+
+Older versions of this package used a different naming scheme,
+and these older names are still supported.
+See the file 'backward' for most of these older names
+(e.g., 'US/Eastern' instead of 'America/New_York').
+The other old-fashioned names still supported are
+'WET', 'CET', 'MET', and 'EET' (see the file 'europe').
+
+Older versions of this package defined legacy names that are
+incompatible with the first rule of location names, but which are
+still supported.  These legacy names are mostly defined in the file
+'etcetera'.  Also, the file 'backward' defines the legacy names
+'GMT0', 'GMT-0', 'GMT+0' and 'Canada/East-Saskatchewan', and the file
+'northamerica' defines the legacy names 'EST5EDT', 'CST6CDT',
+'MST7MDT', and 'PST8PDT'.
+
+Excluding 'backward' should not affect the other data.  If
+'backward' is excluded, excluding 'etcetera' should not affect the
+remaining data.
+
+
+----- Time zone abbreviations -----
+
+When this package is installed, it generates time zone abbreviations
+like 'EST' to be compatible with human tradition and POSIX.
+Here are the general rules used for choosing time zone abbreviations,
+in decreasing order of importance:
+
+	Use three or more characters that are ASCII alphanumerics or '+' or '-'.
+		Previous editions of this database also used characters like
+		' ' and '?', but these characters have a special meaning to
+		the shell and cause commands like
+			set `date`
+		to have unexpected effects.
+		Previous editions of this rule required upper-case letters,
+		but the Congressman who introduced Chamorro Standard Time
+		preferred "ChST", so lower-case letters are now allowed.
+		Also, POSIX from 2001 on relaxed the rule to allow '-', '+',
+		and alphanumeric characters from the portable character set
+		in the current locale.  In practice ASCII alphanumerics and
+		'+' and '-' are safe in all locales.
+
+		In other words, in the C locale the POSIX extended regular
+		expression [-+[:alnum:]]{3,} should match the abbreviation.
+		This guarantees that all abbreviations could have been
+		specified by a POSIX TZ string.
+
+	Use abbreviations that are in common use among English-speakers,
+		e.g. 'EST' for Eastern Standard Time in North America.
+		We assume that applications translate them to other languages
+		as part of the normal localization process; for example,
+		a French application might translate 'EST' to 'HNE'.
+
+	For zones whose times are taken from a city's longitude, use the
+		traditional xMT notation, e.g. 'PMT' for Paris Mean Time.
+		The only name like this in current use is 'GMT'.
+
+	Use 'LMT' for local mean time of locations before the introduction
+		of standard time; see "Scope of the tz database".
+
+	If there is no common English abbreviation, use numeric offsets like
+		-05 and +0830 that are generated by zic's %z notation.
+
+    [The remaining guidelines predate the introduction of %z.
+    They are problematic as they mean tz data entries invent
+    notation rather than record it.  These guidelines are now
+    deprecated and the plan is to gradually move to %z for
+    inhabited locations and to "-00" for uninhabited locations.]
+
+	If there is no common English abbreviation, abbreviate the English
+		translation of the usual phrase used by native speakers.
+		If this is not available or is a phrase mentioning the country
+		(e.g. "Cape Verde Time"), then:
+
+		When a country is identified with a single or principal zone,
+			append 'T' to the country's ISO	code, e.g. 'CVT' for
+			Cape Verde Time.  For summer time append 'ST';
+			for double summer time append 'DST'; etc.
+		Otherwise, take the first three letters of an English place
+			name identifying each zone and append 'T', 'ST', etc.
+			as before; e.g. 'VLAST' for VLAdivostok Summer Time.
+
+	Use UT (with time zone abbreviation '-00') for locations while
+		uninhabited.  The leading '-' is a flag that the time
+		zone is in some sense undefined; this notation is
+		derived from Internet RFC 3339.
+
+Application writers should note that these abbreviations are ambiguous
+in practice: e.g. 'CST' has a different meaning in China than
+it does in the United States.  In new applications, it's often better
+to use numeric UT offsets like '-0600' instead of time zone
+abbreviations like 'CST'; this avoids the ambiguity.
+
+
+----- Accuracy of the tz database -----
+
+The tz database is not authoritative, and it surely has errors.
+Corrections are welcome and encouraged; see the file CONTRIBUTING.
+Users requiring authoritative data should consult national standards
+bodies and the references cited in the database's comments.
+
+Errors in the tz database arise from many sources:
+
+ * The tz database predicts future time stamps, and current predictions
+   will be incorrect after future governments change the rules.
+   For example, if today someone schedules a meeting for 13:00 next
+   October 1, Casablanca time, and tomorrow Morocco changes its
+   daylight saving rules, software can mess up after the rule change
+   if it blithely relies on conversions made before the change.
+
+ * The pre-1970 entries in this database cover only a tiny sliver of how
+   clocks actually behaved; the vast majority of the necessary
+   information was lost or never recorded.  Thousands more zones would
+   be needed if the tz database's scope were extended to cover even
+   just the known or guessed history of standard time; for example,
+   the current single entry for France would need to split into dozens
+   of entries, perhaps hundreds.  And in most of the world even this
+   approach would be misleading due to widespread disagreement or
+   indifference about what times should be observed.  In her 2015 book
+   "The Global Transformation of Time, 1870-1950", Vanessa Ogle writes
+   "Outside of Europe and North America there was no system of time
+   zones at all, often not even a stable landscape of mean times,
+   prior to the middle decades of the twentieth century".  See:
+   Timothy Shenk, Booked: A Global History of Time. Dissent 2015-12-17
+   https://www.dissentmagazine.org/blog/booked-a-global-history-of-time-vanessa-ogle
+
+ * Most of the pre-1970 data entries come from unreliable sources, often
+   astrology books that lack citations and whose compilers evidently
+   invented entries when the true facts were unknown, without
+   reporting which entries were known and which were invented.
+   These books often contradict each other or give implausible entries,
+   and on the rare occasions when they are checked they are
+   typically found to be incorrect.
+
+ * For the UK the tz database relies on years of first-class work done by
+   Joseph Myers and others; see <http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/>.
+   Other countries are not done nearly as well.
+
+ * Sometimes, different people in the same city would maintain clocks
+   that differed significantly.  Railway time was used by railroad
+   companies (which did not always agree with each other),
+   church-clock time was used for birth certificates, etc.
+   Often this was merely common practice, but sometimes it was set by law.
+   For example, from 1891 to 1911 the UT offset in France was legally
+   0:09:21 outside train stations and 0:04:21 inside.
+
+ * Although a named location in the tz database stands for the
+   containing region, its pre-1970 data entries are often accurate for
+   only a small subset of that region.  For example, Europe/London
+   stands for the United Kingdom, but its pre-1847 times are valid
+   only for locations that have London's exact meridian, and its 1847
+   transition to GMT is known to be valid only for the L&NW and the
+   Caledonian railways.
+
+ * The tz database does not record the earliest time for which a zone's
+   data entries are thereafter valid for every location in the region.
+   For example, Europe/London is valid for all locations in its
+   region after GMT was made the standard time, but the date of
+   standardization (1880-08-02) is not in the tz database, other than
+   in commentary.  For many zones the earliest time of validity is
+   unknown.
+
+ * The tz database does not record a region's boundaries, and in many
+   cases the boundaries are not known.  For example, the zone
+   America/Kentucky/Louisville represents a region around the city of
+   Louisville, the boundaries of which are unclear.
+
+ * Changes that are modeled as instantaneous transitions in the tz
+   database were often spread out over hours, days, or even decades.
+
+ * Even if the time is specified by law, locations sometimes
+   deliberately flout the law.
+
+ * Early timekeeping practices, even assuming perfect clocks, were
+   often not specified to the accuracy that the tz database requires.
+
+ * Sometimes historical timekeeping was specified more precisely
+   than what the tz database can handle.  For example, from 1909 to
+   1937 Netherlands clocks were legally UT +00:19:32.13, but the tz
+   database cannot represent the fractional second.
+
+ * Even when all the timestamp transitions recorded by the tz database
+   are correct, the tz rules that generate them may not faithfully
+   reflect the historical rules.  For example, from 1922 until World
+   War II the UK moved clocks forward the day following the third
+   Saturday in April unless that was Easter, in which case it moved
+   clocks forward the previous Sunday.  Because the tz database has no
+   way to specify Easter, these exceptional years are entered as
+   separate tz Rule lines, even though the legal rules did not change.
+
+ * The tz database models pre-standard time using the proleptic Gregorian
+   calendar and local mean time (LMT), but many people used other
+   calendars and other timescales.  For example, the Roman Empire used
+   the Julian calendar, and had 12 varying-length daytime hours with a
+   non-hour-based system at night.
+
+ * Early clocks were less reliable, and data entries do not represent
+   this unreliability.
+
+ * As for leap seconds, civil time was not based on atomic time before
+   1972, and we don't know the history of earth's rotation accurately
+   enough to map SI seconds to historical solar time to more than
+   about one-hour accuracy.  See: Morrison LV, Stephenson FR.
+   Historical values of the Earth's clock error Delta T and the
+   calculation of eclipses. J Hist Astron. 2004;35:327-36
+   <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2004JHA....35..327M>;
+   Historical values of the Earth's clock error. J Hist Astron. 2005;36:339
+   <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2005JHA....36..339M>.
+
+ * The relationship between POSIX time (that is, UTC but ignoring leap
+   seconds) and UTC is not agreed upon after 1972.  Although the POSIX
+   clock officially stops during an inserted leap second, at least one
+   proposed standard has it jumping back a second instead; and in
+   practice POSIX clocks more typically either progress glacially during
+   a leap second, or are slightly slowed while near a leap second.
+
+ * The tz database does not represent how uncertain its information is.
+   Ideally it would contain information about when data entries are
+   incomplete or dicey.  Partial temporal knowledge is a field of
+   active research, though, and it's not clear how to apply it here.
+
+In short, many, perhaps most, of the tz database's pre-1970 and future
+time stamps are either wrong or misleading.  Any attempt to pass the
+tz database off as the definition of time should be unacceptable to
+anybody who cares about the facts.  In particular, the tz database's
+LMT offsets should not be considered meaningful, and should not prompt
+creation of zones merely because two locations differ in LMT or
+transitioned to standard time at different dates.
+
+
+----- Time and date functions -----
+
+The tz code contains time and date functions that are upwards
+compatible with those of POSIX.
+
+POSIX has the following properties and limitations.
+
+*	In POSIX, time display in a process is controlled by the
+	environment variable TZ.  Unfortunately, the POSIX TZ string takes
+	a form that is hard to describe and is error-prone in practice.
+	Also, POSIX TZ strings can't deal with other (for example, Israeli)
+	daylight saving time rules, or situations where more than two
+	time zone abbreviations are used in an area.
+
+	The POSIX TZ string takes the following form:
+
+		stdoffset[dst[offset][,date[/time],date[/time]]]
+
+	where:
+
+	std and dst
+		are 3 or more characters specifying the standard
+		and daylight saving time (DST) zone names.
+		Starting with POSIX.1-2001, std and dst may also be
+		in a quoted form like "<UTC+10>"; this allows
+		"+" and "-" in the names.
+	offset
+		is of the form '[+-]hh:[mm[:ss]]' and specifies the
+		offset west of UT.  'hh' may be a single digit; 0<=hh<=24.
+		The default DST offset is one hour ahead of standard time.
+	date[/time],date[/time]
+		specifies the beginning and end of DST.  If this is absent,
+		the system supplies its own rules for DST, and these can
+		differ from year to year; typically US DST rules are used.
+	time
+		takes the form 'hh:[mm[:ss]]' and defaults to 02:00.
+		This is the same format as the offset, except that a
+		leading '+' or '-' is not allowed.
+	date
+		takes one of the following forms:
+		Jn (1<=n<=365)
+			origin-1 day number not counting February 29
+		n (0<=n<=365)
+			origin-0 day number counting February 29 if present
+		Mm.n.d (0[Sunday]<=d<=6[Saturday], 1<=n<=5, 1<=m<=12)
+			for the dth day of week n of month m of the year,
+			where week 1 is the first week in which day d appears,
+			and '5' stands for the last week in which day d appears
+			(which may be either the 4th or 5th week).
+			Typically, this is the only useful form;
+			the n and Jn forms are rarely used.
+
+	Here is an example POSIX TZ string, for US Pacific time using rules
+	appropriate from 1987 through 2006:
+
+		TZ='PST8PDT,M4.1.0/02:00,M10.5.0/02:00'
+
+	This POSIX TZ string is hard to remember, and mishandles time stamps
+	before 1987 and after 2006.  With this package you can use this
+	instead:
+
+		TZ='America/Los_Angeles'
+
+*	POSIX does not define the exact meaning of TZ values like "EST5EDT".
+	Typically the current US DST rules are used to interpret such values,
+	but this means that the US DST rules are compiled into each program
+	that does time conversion.  This means that when US time conversion
+	rules change (as in the United States in 1987), all programs that
+	do time conversion must be recompiled to ensure proper results.
+
+*	The TZ environment variable is process-global, which makes it hard
+	to write efficient, thread-safe applications that need access
+	to multiple time zones.
+
+*	In POSIX, there's no tamper-proof way for a process to learn the
+	system's best idea of local wall clock.  (This is important for
+	applications that an administrator wants used only at certain times -
+	without regard to whether the user has fiddled the "TZ" environment
+	variable.  While an administrator can "do everything in UTC" to get
+	around the problem, doing so is inconvenient and precludes handling
+	daylight saving time shifts - as might be required to limit phone
+	calls to off-peak hours.)
+
+*	POSIX provides no convenient and efficient way to determine the UT
+	offset and time zone abbreviation of arbitrary time stamps,
+	particularly for time zone settings that do not fit into the
+	POSIX model.
+
+*	POSIX requires that systems ignore leap seconds.
+
+*	The tz code attempts to support all the time_t implementations
+	allowed by POSIX.  The time_t type represents a nonnegative count of
+	seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, ignoring leap seconds.
+	In practice, time_t is usually a signed 64- or 32-bit integer; 32-bit
+	signed time_t values stop working after 2038-01-19 03:14:07 UTC, so
+	new implementations these days typically use a signed 64-bit integer.
+	Unsigned 32-bit integers are used on one or two platforms,
+	and 36-bit and 40-bit integers are also used occasionally.
+	Although earlier POSIX versions allowed time_t to be a
+	floating-point type, this was not supported by any practical
+	systems, and POSIX.1-2013 and the tz code both require time_t
+	to be an integer type.
+
+These are the extensions that have been made to the POSIX functions:
+
+*	The "TZ" environment variable is used in generating the name of a file
+	from which time zone information is read (or is interpreted a la
+	POSIX); "TZ" is no longer constrained to be a three-letter time zone
+	name followed by a number of hours and an optional three-letter
+	daylight time zone name.  The daylight saving time rules to be used
+	for a particular time zone are encoded in the time zone file;
+	the format of the file allows U.S., Australian, and other rules to be
+	encoded, and allows for situations where more than two time zone
+	abbreviations are used.
+
+	It was recognized that allowing the "TZ" environment variable to
+	take on values such as "America/New_York" might cause "old" programs
+	(that expect "TZ" to have a certain form) to operate incorrectly;
+	consideration was given to using some other environment variable
+	(for example, "TIMEZONE") to hold the string used to generate the
+	time zone information file name.  In the end, however, it was decided
+	to continue using "TZ": it is widely used for time zone purposes;
+	separately maintaining both "TZ" and "TIMEZONE" seemed a nuisance;
+	and systems where "new" forms of "TZ" might cause problems can simply
+	use TZ values such as "EST5EDT" which can be used both by
+	"new" programs (a la POSIX) and "old" programs (as zone names and
+	offsets).
+
+*	The code supports platforms with a UT offset member in struct tm,
+	e.g., tm_gmtoff.
+
+*	The code supports platforms with a time zone abbreviation member in
+	struct tm, e.g., tm_zone.
+
+*	Since the "TZ" environment variable can now be used to control time
+	conversion, the "daylight" and "timezone" variables are no longer
+	needed.  (These variables are defined and set by "tzset"; however, their
+	values will not be used by "localtime.")
+
+*	Functions tzalloc, tzfree, localtime_rz, and mktime_z for
+	more-efficient thread-safe applications that need to use
+	multiple time zones.  The tzalloc and tzfree functions
+	allocate and free objects of type timezone_t, and localtime_rz
+	and mktime_z are like localtime_r and mktime with an extra
+	timezone_t argument.  The functions were inspired by NetBSD.
+
+*	A function "tzsetwall" has been added to arrange for the system's
+	best approximation to local wall clock time to be delivered by
+	subsequent calls to "localtime."  Source code for portable
+	applications that "must" run on local wall clock time should call
+	"tzsetwall();" if such code is moved to "old" systems that don't
+	provide tzsetwall, you won't be able to generate an executable program.
+	(These time zone functions also arrange for local wall clock time to be
+	used if tzset is called - directly or indirectly - and there's no "TZ"
+	environment variable; portable applications should not, however, rely
+	on this behavior since it's not the way SVR2 systems behave.)
+
+*	Negative time_t values are supported, on systems where time_t is signed.
+
+*	These functions can account for leap seconds, thanks to Bradley White.
+
+Points of interest to folks with other systems:
+
+*	Code compatible with this package is already part of many platforms,
+	including GNU/Linux, Android, the BSDs, Chromium OS, Cygwin, AIX, iOS,
+	BlackBery 10, macOS, Microsoft Windows, OpenVMS, and Solaris.
+	On such hosts, the primary use of this package
+	is to update obsolete time zone rule tables.
+	To do this, you may need to compile the time zone compiler
+	'zic' supplied with this package instead of using the system 'zic',
+	since the format of zic's input is occasionally extended,
+	and a platform may still be shipping an older zic.
+
+*	The UNIX Version 7 "timezone" function is not present in this package;
+	it's impossible to reliably map timezone's arguments (a "minutes west
+	of GMT" value and a "daylight saving time in effect" flag) to a
+	time zone abbreviation, and we refuse to guess.
+	Programs that in the past used the timezone function may now examine
+	tzname[localtime(&clock)->tm_isdst] to learn the correct time
+	zone abbreviation to use.  Alternatively, use
+	localtime(&clock)->tm_zone if this has been enabled.
+
+*	The 4.2BSD gettimeofday function is not used in this package.
+	This formerly let users obtain the current UTC offset and DST flag,
+	but this functionality was removed in later versions of BSD.
+
+*	In SVR2, time conversion fails for near-minimum or near-maximum
+	time_t values when doing conversions for places that don't use UT.
+	This package takes care to do these conversions correctly.
+	A comment in the source code tells how to get compatibly wrong
+	results.
+
+The functions that are conditionally compiled if STD_INSPIRED is defined
+should, at this point, be looked on primarily as food for thought.  They are
+not in any sense "standard compatible" - some are not, in fact, specified in
+*any* standard.  They do, however, represent responses of various authors to
+standardization proposals.
+
+Other time conversion proposals, in particular the one developed by folks at
+Hewlett Packard, offer a wider selection of functions that provide capabilities
+beyond those provided here.  The absence of such functions from this package
+is not meant to discourage the development, standardization, or use of such
+functions.  Rather, their absence reflects the decision to make this package
+contain valid extensions to POSIX, to ensure its broad acceptability.  If
+more powerful time conversion functions can be standardized, so much the
+better.
+
+
+----- Interface stability -----
+
+The tz code and data supply the following interfaces:
+
+ * A set of zone names as per "Names of time zone rules" above.
+
+ * Library functions described in "Time and date functions" above.
+
+ * The programs tzselect, zdump, and zic, documented in their man pages.
+
+ * The format of zic input files, documented in the zic man page.
+
+ * The format of zic output files, documented in the tzfile man page.
+
+ * The format of zone table files, documented in zone1970.tab.
+
+ * The format of the country code file, documented in iso3166.tab.
+
+When these interfaces are changed, an effort is made to preserve
+backward compatibility.  For example, tz data files typically do not
+rely on recently-added zic features, so that users can run older zic
+versions to process newer data files.
+
+Interfaces not listed above are less stable.  For example, users
+should not rely on particular UT offsets or abbreviations for time
+stamps, as data entries are often based on guesswork and these guesses
+may be corrected or improved.
+
+
+----- Calendrical issues -----
+
+Calendrical issues are a bit out of scope for a time zone database,
+but they indicate the sort of problems that we would run into if we
+extended the time zone database further into the past.  An excellent
+resource in this area is Nachum Dershowitz and Edward M. Reingold,
+Calendrical Calculations: Third Edition, Cambridge University Press (2008)
+<http://emr.cs.iit.edu/home/reingold/calendar-book/third-edition/>.
+Other information and sources are given below.  They sometimes disagree.
+
+
+France
+
+Gregorian calendar adopted 1582-12-20.
+French Revolutionary calendar used 1793-11-24 through 1805-12-31,
+and (in Paris only) 1871-05-06 through 1871-05-23.
+
+
+Russia
+
+From Chris Carrier (1996-12-02):
+On 1929-10-01 the Soviet Union instituted an "Eternal Calendar"
+with 30-day months plus 5 holidays, with a 5-day week.
+On 1931-12-01 it changed to a 6-day week; in 1934 it reverted to the
+Gregorian calendar while retaining the 6-day week; on 1940-06-27 it
+reverted to the 7-day week.  With the 6-day week the usual days
+off were the 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th and 30th of the month.
+(Source: Evitiar Zerubavel, _The Seven Day Circle_)
+
+
+Mark Brader reported a similar story in "The Book of Calendars", edited
+by Frank Parise (1982, Facts on File, ISBN 0-8719-6467-8), page 377.  But:
+
+From: Petteri Sulonen (via Usenet)
+Date: 14 Jan 1999 00:00:00 GMT
+...
+
+If your source is correct, how come documents between 1929 and 1940 were
+still dated using the conventional, Gregorian calendar?
+
+I can post a scan of a document dated December 1, 1934, signed by
+Yenukidze, the secretary, on behalf of Kalinin, the President of the
+Executive Committee of the Supreme Soviet, if you like.
+
+
+
+Sweden (and Finland)
+
+From: Mark Brader
+Subject: Re: Gregorian reform - a part of locale?
+<news:1996Jul6.012937.29190@sq.com>
+Date: 1996-07-06
+
+In 1700, Denmark made the transition from Julian to Gregorian.  Sweden
+decided to *start* a transition in 1700 as well, but rather than have one of
+those unsightly calendar gaps :-), they simply decreed that the next leap
+year after 1696 would be in 1744 - putting the whole country on a calendar
+different from both Julian and Gregorian for a period of 40 years.
+
+However, in 1704 something went wrong and the plan was not carried through;
+they did, after all, have a leap year that year.  And one in 1708.  In 1712
+they gave it up and went back to Julian, putting 30 days in February that
+year!...
+
+Then in 1753, Sweden made the transition to Gregorian in the usual manner,
+getting there only 13 years behind the original schedule.
+
+(A previous posting of this story was challenged, and Swedish readers
+produced the following references to support it: "Tideräkning och historia"
+by Natanael Beckman (1924) and "Tid, en bok om tideräkning och
+kalenderväsen" by Lars-Olof Lodén (1968).
+
+
+Grotefend's data
+
+From: "Michael Palmer" [with one obvious typo fixed]
+Subject: Re: Gregorian Calendar (was Re: Another FHC related question
+Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.german
+Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 02:32:48 -800
+...
+
+The following is a(n incomplete) listing, arranged chronologically, of
+European states, with the date they converted from the Julian to the
+Gregorian calendar:
+
+04/15 Oct 1582 - Italy (with exceptions), Spain, Portugal, Poland (Roman
+                 Catholics and Danzig only)
+09/20 Dec 1582 - France, Lorraine
+
+21 Dec 1582/
+   01 Jan 1583 - Holland, Brabant, Flanders, Hennegau
+10/21 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Liege (Lüttich)
+13/24 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Augsburg
+04/15 Oct 1583 - electorate of Trier
+05/16 Oct 1583 - Bavaria, bishoprics of Freising, Eichstedt, Regensburg,
+                 Salzburg, Brixen
+13/24 Oct 1583 - Austrian Oberelsaß and Breisgau
+20/31 Oct 1583 - bishopric of Basel
+02/13 Nov 1583 - duchy of Jülich-Berg
+02/13 Nov 1583 - electorate and city of Köln
+04/15 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Würzburg
+11/22 Nov 1583 - electorate of Mainz
+16/27 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Strassburg and the margraviate of Baden
+17/28 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Münster and duchy of Cleve
+14/25 Dec 1583 - Steiermark
+
+06/17 Jan 1584 - Austria and Bohemia
+11/22 Jan 1584 - Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn
+12/23 Jan 1584 - Silesia and the Lausitz
+22 Jan/
+   02 Feb 1584 - Hungary (legally on 21 Oct 1587)
+      Jun 1584 - Unterwalden
+01/12 Jul 1584 - duchy of Westfalen
+
+16/27 Jun 1585 - bishopric of Paderborn
+
+14/25 Dec 1590 - Transylvania
+
+22 Aug/
+   02 Sep 1612 - duchy of Prussia
+
+13/24 Dec 1614 - Pfalz-Neuburg
+
+          1617 - duchy of Kurland (reverted to the Julian calendar in
+                 1796)
+
+          1624 - bishopric of Osnabrück
+
+          1630 - bishopric of Minden
+
+15/26 Mar 1631 - bishopric of Hildesheim
+
+          1655 - Kanton Wallis
+
+05/16 Feb 1682 - city of Strassburg
+
+18 Feb/
+   01 Mar 1700 - Protestant Germany (including Swedish possessions in
+                 Germany), Denmark, Norway
+30 Jun/
+   12 Jul 1700 - Gelderland, Zutphen
+10 Nov/
+   12 Dec 1700 - Utrecht, Overijssel
+
+31 Dec 1700/
+   12 Jan 1701 - Friesland, Groningen, Zürich, Bern, Basel, Geneva,
+                 Turgau, and Schaffhausen
+
+          1724 - Glarus, Appenzell, and the city of St. Gallen
+
+01 Jan 1750    - Pisa and Florence
+
+02/14 Sep 1752 - Great Britain
+
+17 Feb/
+   01 Mar 1753 - Sweden
+
+1760-1812      - Graubünden
+
+The Russian empire (including Finland and the Baltic states) did not
+convert to the Gregorian calendar until the Soviet revolution of 1917.
+
+Source: H. Grotefend, _Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des deutschen
+Mittelalters und der Neuzeit_, herausgegeben von Dr. O. Grotefend
+(Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1941), pp. 26-28.
+
+
+----- Time and time zones on Mars -----
+
+Some people's work schedules use Mars time.  Jet Propulsion Laboratory
+(JPL) coordinators have kept Mars time on and off at least since 1997
+for the Mars Pathfinder mission.  Some of their family members have
+also adapted to Mars time.  Dozens of special Mars watches were built
+for JPL workers who kept Mars time during the Mars Exploration
+Rovers mission (2004).  These timepieces look like normal Seikos and
+Citizens but use Mars seconds rather than terrestrial seconds.
+
+A Mars solar day is called a "sol" and has a mean period equal to
+about 24 hours 39 minutes 35.244 seconds in terrestrial time.  It is
+divided into a conventional 24-hour clock, so each Mars second equals
+about 1.02749125 terrestrial seconds.
+
+The prime meridian of Mars goes through the center of the crater
+Airy-0, named in honor of the British astronomer who built the
+Greenwich telescope that defines Earth's prime meridian.  Mean solar
+time on the Mars prime meridian is called Mars Coordinated Time (MTC).
+
+Each landed mission on Mars has adopted a different reference for
+solar time keeping, so there is no real standard for Mars time zones.
+For example, the Mars Exploration Rover project (2004) defined two
+time zones "Local Solar Time A" and "Local Solar Time B" for its two
+missions, each zone designed so that its time equals local true solar
+time at approximately the middle of the nominal mission.  Such a "time
+zone" is not particularly suited for any application other than the
+mission itself.
+
+Many calendars have been proposed for Mars, but none have achieved
+wide acceptance.  Astronomers often use Mars Sol Date (MSD) which is a
+sequential count of Mars solar days elapsed since about 1873-12-29
+12:00 GMT.
+
+The tz database does not currently support Mars time, but it is
+documented here in the hopes that support will be added eventually.
+
+Sources:
+
+Michael Allison and Robert Schmunk,
+"Technical Notes on Mars Solar Time as Adopted by the Mars24 Sunclock"
+<http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/help/notes.html> (2012-08-08).
+
+Jia-Rui Chong, "Workdays Fit for a Martian", Los Angeles Times
+<http://articles.latimes.com/2004/jan/14/science/sci-marstime14>
+(2004-01-14), pp A1, A20-A21.
+
+Tom Chmielewski, "Jet Lag Is Worse on Mars", The Atlantic (2015-02-26)
+<http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/02/jet-lag-is-worse-on-mars/386033/>
+
+-----
+
+This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2009-05-17 by
+Arthur David Olson.
+
+-----
+Local Variables:
+coding: utf-8
+End:
diff --git a/antarctica b/antarctica
index 0995835752c1..6da1aef87f17 100644
--- a/antarctica
+++ b/antarctica
@@ -64,13 +64,18 @@
 # Background:
 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
 
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28):
+# Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time
+# zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016".
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Antarctica/Casey	0	-	-00	1969
 			8:00	-	+08	2009 Oct 18  2:00
 			11:00	-	+11	2010 Mar  5  2:00
 			8:00	-	+08	2011 Oct 28  2:00
 			11:00	-	+11	2012 Feb 21 17:00u
-			8:00	-	+08
+			8:00	-	+08	2016 Oct 22
+			11:00	-	+11
 Zone Antarctica/Davis	0	-	-00	1957 Jan 13
 			7:00	-	+07	1964 Nov
 			0	-	-00	1969 Feb
diff --git a/asia b/asia
index b2c993085319..67164b3d8930 100644
--- a/asia
+++ b/asia
@@ -771,9 +771,19 @@ Zone	Asia/Macau	7:34:20 -	LMT	1912 Jan  1
 ###############################################################################
 
 # Cyprus
-#
+
 # Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00.  Stick with LMT.
+# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-09):
+# Yesterday's Cyprus Mail reports that Northern Cyprus followed Turkey's
+# lead and switched from +02/+03 to +03 year-round.
+# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/09/08/two-time-zones-cyprus-turkey-will-not-turn-clocks-back-next-month/
 #
+# From Even Scharning (2016-10-31):
+# Looks like the time zone split in Cyprus went through last night.
+# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/10/30/cyprus-new-division-two-time-zones-now-reality/
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Apr	13	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Oct	12	0:00	0	-
@@ -788,7 +798,10 @@ Rule	Cyprus	1981	1998	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
 Zone	Asia/Nicosia	2:13:28 -	LMT	1921 Nov 14
 			2:00	Cyprus	EE%sT	1998 Sep
 			2:00	EUAsia	EE%sT
-# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
+Zone	Asia/Famagusta	2:15:48	-	LMT	1921 Nov 14
+			2:00	Cyprus	EE%sT	1998 Sep
+			2:00	EUAsia	EE%sT	2016 Sep  8
+			3:00	-	+03
 
 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
diff --git a/australasia b/australasia
index 85d363295b88..0bca53e2ee3f 100644
--- a/australasia
+++ b/australasia
@@ -702,11 +702,13 @@ Rule	Tonga	1999	only	-	Oct	 7	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Tonga	2000	only	-	Mar	19	2:00s	0	-
 Rule	Tonga	2000	2001	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Tonga	2001	2002	-	Jan	lastSun	2:00	0	-
+Rule	Tonga	2016	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Tonga	2017	max	-	Jan	Sun>=15	3:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu	12:19:20 -	LMT	1901
-			12:20	-	TOT	1941 # Tonga Time
-			13:00	-	TOT	1999
-			13:00	Tonga	TO%sT
+			12:20	-	+1220	1941
+			13:00	-	+13	1999
+			13:00	Tonga	+13/+14
 
 # Tuvalu
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -1712,9 +1714,17 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one
 # hour to 1:00am.
 
-# From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05):
+# From Pulu ʻAnau (2002-11-05):
 # The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed.  It wasn't.
 
+# From Pulu ʻAnau (2016-10-27):
+# http://mic.gov.to/news-today/press-releases/6375-daylight-saving-set-to-run-from-6-november-2016-to-15-january-2017
+# Cannot find anyone who knows the rules, has seen the duration or has seen
+# the cabinet decision, but it appears we are following Fiji's rule set.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2016-10-26):
+# Assume Tonga will observe DST from the first Sunday in November at 02:00
+# through the third Sunday in January at 03:00, like Fiji, for now.
 
 # Wake
 
diff --git a/backzone b/backzone
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4a5085f42295
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backzone
@@ -0,0 +1,677 @@
+# Zones that go back beyond the scope of the tz database
+
+# This file is in the public domain.
+
+# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know
+# better, go ahead and edit it (and please send any changes to
+# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
+# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
+
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
+
+# This file contains data outside the normal scope of the tz database,
+# in that its zones do not differ from normal tz zones after 1970.
+# Links in this file point to zones in this file, superseding links in
+# the file 'backward'.
+
+# Although zones in this file may be of some use for analyzing
+# pre-1970 time stamps, they are less reliable, cover only a tiny
+# sliver of the pre-1970 era, and cannot feasibly be improved to cover
+# most of the era.  Because the zones are out of normal scope for the
+# database, less effort is put into maintaining this file.  Many of
+# the zones were formerly in other source files, but were removed or
+# replaced by links as their data entries were questionable and/or they
+# differed from other zones only in pre-1970 time stamps.
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
+
+# This file is not intended to be compiled standalone, as it
+# assumes rules from other files.  In the tz distribution, use
+# 'make PACKRATDATA=backzone zones' to compile and install this file.
+
+# Zones are sorted by zone name.  Each zone is preceded by the
+# name of the country that the zone is in, along with any other
+# commentary and rules associated with the entry.
+#
+# As explained in the zic man page, the zone columns are:
+# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
+
+# Ethiopia
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31):
+# Like the Swahili of Kenya and Tanzania, many Ethiopians keep a
+# 12-hour clock starting at our 06:00, so their "8 o'clock" is our
+# 02:00 or 14:00.  Keep this in mind when you ask the time in Amharic.
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time
+# zones between 1870 and 1890, that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in
+# 1890, and that they switched to 3:00 on 1936-05-05.  Perhaps 38E50
+# was for Adis Dera.  Quite likely the Shanks data entries are wrong
+# anyway.
+Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa	2:34:48 -	LMT	1870
+			2:35:20	-	ADMT	1936 May  5 # Adis Dera MT
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Eritrea
+Zone	Africa/Asmara	2:35:32 -	LMT	1870
+			2:35:32	-	AMT	1890        # Asmara Mean Time
+			2:35:20	-	ADMT	1936 May  5 # Adis Dera MT
+			3:00	-	EAT
+Link Africa/Asmara Africa/Asmera
+
+# Mali (southern)
+Zone	Africa/Bamako	-0:32:00 -	LMT	1912
+			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
+			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Jun 20
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Central African Republic
+Zone	Africa/Bangui	1:14:20	-	LMT	1912
+			1:00	-	WAT
+
+# Gambia
+Zone	Africa/Banjul	-1:06:36 -	LMT	1912
+			-1:06:36 -	BMT	1935 # Banjul Mean Time
+			-1:00	-	WAT	1964
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Malawi
+Zone	Africa/Blantyre	2:20:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
+			2:00	-	CAT
+
+# Republic of the Congo
+Zone Africa/Brazzaville	1:01:08 -	LMT	1912
+			1:00	-	WAT
+
+# Burundi
+Zone Africa/Bujumbura	1:57:28	-	LMT	1890
+			2:00	-	CAT
+
+# Guinea
+Zone	Africa/Conakry	-0:54:52 -	LMT	1912
+			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
+			-1:00	-	WAT	1960
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Senegal
+Zone	Africa/Dakar	-1:09:44 -	LMT	1912
+			-1:00	-	WAT	1941 Jun
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Tanzania
+Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 -	LMT	1931
+			3:00	-	EAT	1948
+			2:45	-	BEAUT	1961
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Djibouti
+Zone	Africa/Djibouti	2:52:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Cameroon
+# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Zone	Africa/Douala	0:38:48	-	LMT	1912
+			1:00	-	WAT
+# Sierra Leone
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
+# The following table is from Shanks & Pottenger, but it can't be right.
+# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on.
+# The International Hydrographic Bulletin, 1932-33, p 63 says that
+# Sierra Leone would advance its clocks by 20 minutes on 1933-10-01.
+# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
+Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Jun	 1	0:00	0:40	SLST
+Rule	SL	1935	1942	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	WAT
+Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	SLST
+Rule	SL	1957	1962	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0	GMT
+Zone	Africa/Freetown	-0:53:00 -	LMT	1882
+			-0:53:00 -	FMT	1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
+			-1:00	SL	%s	1957
+			 0:00	SL	%s
+
+# Botswana
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
+# Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899;
+# assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did.
+Zone	Africa/Gaborone	1:43:40 -	LMT	1885
+			1:30	-	SAST	1903 Mar
+			2:00	-	CAT	1943 Sep 19  2:00
+			2:00	1:00	CAST	1944 Mar 19  2:00
+			2:00	-	CAT
+
+# Zimbabwe
+Zone	Africa/Harare	2:04:12 -	LMT	1903 Mar
+			2:00	-	CAT
+
+# South Sudan
+Zone	Africa/Juba	2:06:24 -	LMT	1931
+			2:00	Sudan	CA%sT	2000 Jan 15 12:00
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Uganda
+Zone	Africa/Kampala	2:09:40 -	LMT	1928 Jul
+			3:00	-	EAT	1930
+			2:30	-	BEAT	1948
+			2:45	-	BEAUT	1957
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Rwanda
+Zone	Africa/Kigali	2:00:16 -	LMT	1935 Jun
+			2:00	-	CAT
+
+# Democratic Republic of the Congo (west)
+Zone Africa/Kinshasa	1:01:12 -	LMT	1897 Nov  9
+			1:00	-	WAT
+
+# Gabon
+Zone Africa/Libreville	0:37:48 -	LMT	1912
+			1:00	-	WAT
+
+# Togo
+Zone	Africa/Lome	0:04:52 -	LMT	1893
+			0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Angola
+#
+# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
+# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
+# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
+# with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01.
+#
+Zone	Africa/Luanda	0:52:56	-	LMT	1892
+			0:52:04	-	AOT	1912 Jan  1 # Angola Time
+			1:00	-	WAT
+
+# Democratic Republic of the Congo (east)
+Zone Africa/Lubumbashi	1:49:52 -	LMT	1897 Nov 9
+			2:00	-	CAT
+
+# Zambia
+Zone	Africa/Lusaka	1:53:08 -	LMT	1903 Mar
+			2:00	-	CAT
+
+# Equatorial Guinea
+#
+# Although Shanks says that Malabo switched from UT +00 to +01 on 1963-12-15,
+# a Google Books search says that London Calling, Issues 432-465 (1948), p 19,
+# says that Spanish Guinea was at +01 back then.  The Shanks data entries
+# are most likely wrong, but we have nothing better; use them here for now.
+#
+Zone	Africa/Malabo	0:35:08 -	LMT	1912
+			0:00	-	GMT	1963 Dec 15
+			1:00	-	WAT
+
+# Lesotho
+Zone	Africa/Maseru	1:50:00 -	LMT	1903 Mar
+			2:00	-	SAST	1943 Sep 19  2:00
+			2:00	1:00	SAST	1944 Mar 19  2:00
+			2:00	-	SAST
+
+# Swaziland
+Zone	Africa/Mbabane	2:04:24 -	LMT	1903 Mar
+			2:00	-	SAST
+
+# Somalia
+Zone Africa/Mogadishu	3:01:28 -	LMT	1893 Nov
+			3:00	-	EAT	1931
+			2:30	-	BEAT	1957
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Niger
+Zone	Africa/Niamey	 0:08:28 -	LMT	1912
+			-1:00	-	WAT	1934 Feb 26
+			 0:00	-	GMT	1960
+			 1:00	-	WAT
+
+# Mauritania
+Zone Africa/Nouakchott	-1:03:48 -	LMT	1912
+			 0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
+			-1:00	-	WAT	1960 Nov 28
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Burkina Faso
+Zone Africa/Ouagadougou	-0:06:04 -	LMT	1912
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Benin
+# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Zone Africa/Porto-Novo	0:10:28	-	LMT	1912 Jan  1
+			0:00	-	GMT	1934 Feb 26
+			1:00	-	WAT
+
+# São Tomé and Príncipe
+Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
+			-0:36:32 -	LMT	1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Mali (northern)
+Zone	Africa/Timbuktu	-0:12:04 -	LMT	1912
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Anguilla
+Zone America/Anguilla	-4:12:16 -	LMT	1912 Mar  2
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# Antigua and Barbuda
+Zone	America/Antigua	-4:07:12 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
+			-5:00	-	EST	1951
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# Chubut, Argentina
+# The name "Comodoro Rivadavia" exceeds the 14-byte POSIX limit.
+Zone America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia -4:30:00 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
+			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
+			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
+			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
+			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
+			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
+			-3:00	-	ART
+
+# Aruba
+Zone	America/Aruba	-4:40:24 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
+			-4:30	-	ANT	1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# Cayman Is
+Zone	America/Cayman	-5:25:32 -	LMT	1890     # Georgetown
+			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+			-5:00	-	EST
+
+# Canada
+Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 -	LMT	1884
+			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1946
+			-5:00	-	EST
+
+# Dominica
+Zone America/Dominica	-4:05:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul  1  0:01 # Roseau
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# Baja California
+# See 'northamerica' for why this entry is here rather than there.
+Zone America/Ensenada	-7:46:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:13:32
+			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
+			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 16
+			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr
+			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
+			-8:00	-	PST	1996
+			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT
+
+# Grenada
+Zone	America/Grenada	-4:07:00 -	LMT	1911 Jul # St George's
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# Guadeloupe
+Zone America/Guadeloupe	-4:06:08 -	LMT	1911 Jun  8 # Pointe-à-Pitre
+			-4:00	 -	AST
+
+# Canada
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
+# Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto; see
+# America/Toronto.  However, earlier versions of the tz database
+# mistakenly relied on data from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec
+# differed from Ontario after 1970, and the following rules and zone
+# were created for most of Quebec from the incorrect Shanks &
+# Pottenger data.  The post-1970 entries have been corrected, but the
+# pre-1970 entries are unchecked and probably have errors.
+#
+# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
+Rule	Mont	1917	only	-	Mar	25	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1917	only	-	Apr	24	0:00	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1919	only	-	Mar	31	2:30	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1919	only	-	Oct	25	2:30	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:30	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1920	1922	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:30	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1921	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1922	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1924	only	-	May	17	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1924	1926	-	Sep	lastSun	2:30	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1925	1926	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1927	1937	-	Apr	lastSat	24:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1927	1937	-	Sep	lastSat	24:00	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1946	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Mont	1945	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1949	1950	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Mont	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
+Zone America/Montreal	-4:54:16 -	LMT	1884
+			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1918
+			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
+			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
+			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
+			-5:00	Mont	E%sT	1974
+			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
+
+# Montserrat
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
+# world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
+Zone America/Montserrat	-4:08:52 -	LMT	1911 Jul  1  0:01 # Cork Hill
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# Argentina
+# This entry was intended for the following areas, but has been superseded by
+# more detailed zones.
+# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
+# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
+Zone America/Rosario	-4:02:40 -	LMT	1894 Nov
+			-4:16:44 -	CMT	1920 May
+			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
+			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Jul
+			-3:00	-	ART	1999 Oct  3  0:00
+			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3  0:00
+			-3:00	-	ART
+
+# St Kitts-Nevis
+Zone America/St_Kitts	-4:10:52 -	LMT	1912 Mar  2 # Basseterre
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# St Lucia
+Zone America/St_Lucia	-4:04:00 -	LMT	1890 # Castries
+			-4:04:00 -	CMT	1912 # Castries Mean Time
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# Virgin Is
+Zone America/St_Thomas	-4:19:44 -	LMT	1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# St Vincent and the Grenadines
+Zone America/St_Vincent	-4:04:56 -	LMT	1890 # Kingstown
+			-4:04:56 -	KMT	1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# British Virgin Is
+Zone America/Tortola	-4:18:28 -	LMT	1911 Jul # Road Town
+			-4:00	-	AST
+
+# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12
+Zone Antarctica/McMurdo	0	-	-00	1956
+			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
+Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole
+
+# Yemen
+# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
+# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
+Zone	Asia/Aden	2:59:54	-	LMT	1950
+			3:00	-	AST
+
+# Bahrain
+Zone	Asia/Bahrain	3:22:20 -	LMT	1920     # Manamah
+			4:00	-	GST	1972 Jun
+			3:00	-	AST
+
+# India
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
+# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 305 says that Madras
+# civil time was 5:20:57.3.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-21):
+# In tomorrow's The Hindu, Nitya Menon reports that India had two civil time
+# zones starting in 1884, one in Bombay and one in Calcutta, and that railways
+# used a third time zone based on Madras time (80 deg. 18'30" E).  Also,
+# in 1881 Bombay briefly switched to Madras time, but switched back.  See:
+# http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/madras-375-when-madras-clocked-the-time/article6339393.ece
+#Zone	  Asia/Chennai  [not enough info to complete]
+
+# China
+# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
+# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
+# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
+# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
+# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
+Zone	Asia/Chongqing	7:06:20	-	LMT	1928     # or Chungking
+			7:00	-	LONT	1980 May # Long-shu Time
+			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+Link Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking
+
+# Vietnam
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
+# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for this data.
+# Trần's book says the 1954-55 transition to 07:00 in Hanoi was in
+# October 1954, with exact date and time unspecified.
+Zone	Asia/Hanoi	7:03:24 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
+			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1
+			7:00	-	ICT	1942 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	IDT	1945 Mar 14 23:00
+			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  2
+			7:00	-	ICT	1947 Apr  1
+			8:00	-	IDT	1954 Oct
+			7:00	-	ICT
+
+# China
+# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
+# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
+Zone	Asia/Harbin	8:26:44	-	LMT	1928     # or Haerbin
+			8:30	-	CHAT	1932 Mar # Changbai Time
+			8:00	-	CST	1940
+			9:00	-	CHAT	1966 May
+			8:30	-	CHAT	1980 May
+			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+
+# far west China
+Zone	Asia/Kashgar	5:03:56	-	LMT	1928     # or Kashi or Kaxgar
+			5:30	-	KAST	1940     # Kashgar Time
+			5:00	-	KAST	1980 May
+			8:00	PRC	C%sT
+
+# Kuwait
+Zone	Asia/Kuwait	3:11:56 -	LMT	1950
+			3:00	-	AST
+
+
+# Oman
+# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory.
+Zone	Asia/Muscat	3:54:24 -	LMT	1920
+			4:00	-	GST
+
+# India
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne:
+# According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26)
+# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
+# Portuguese India switched to UT +05 on 1912-01-01.
+#Zone	Asia/Panaji	[not enough info to complete]
+
+# Cambodia
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11):
+# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data.  Also, guess
+# (1) Cambodia reverted to UT +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did, and
+# (2) they also reverted to +07 on 1953-11-09, the date of independence.
+# These guesses are probably wrong but they're better than guessing no
+# transitions there.
+Zone	Asia/Phnom_Penh	6:59:40 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
+			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1
+			7:00	-	ICT	1942 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	IDT	1945 Mar 14 23:00
+			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  2
+			7:00	-	ICT	1947 Apr  1
+			8:00	-	IDT	1953 Nov  9
+			7:00	-	ICT
+
+# Israel
+Zone	Asia/Tel_Aviv	2:19:04 -	LMT	1880
+			2:21	-	JMT	1918
+			2:00	Zion	I%sT
+
+# Laos
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11):
+# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data.
+# Trần's book says that Laos reverted to UT +07 on 1955-04-15.
+# Also, guess that Laos reverted to +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did;
+# this is probably wrong but it's better than guessing no transition.
+Zone	Asia/Vientiane	6:50:24 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
+			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1
+			7:00	-	ICT	1942 Dec 31 23:00
+			8:00	-	IDT	1945 Mar 14 23:00
+			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  2
+			7:00	-	ICT	1947 Apr  1
+			8:00	-	IDT	1955 Apr 15
+			7:00	-	ICT
+
+# Jan Mayen
+# From Whitman:
+Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen	-1:00	-	EGT
+
+# St Helena
+Zone Atlantic/St_Helena	-0:22:48 -	LMT	1890 # Jamestown
+			-0:22:48 -	JMT	1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
+			 0:00	-	GMT
+
+# Northern Ireland
+Zone	Europe/Belfast	-0:23:40 -	LMT	1880 Aug  2
+			-0:25:21 -	DMT	1916 May 21  2:00
+						# DMT = Dublin/Dunsink MT
+			-0:25:21 1:00	IST	1916 Oct  1  2:00s
+						# IST = Irish Summer Time
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
+			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
+			 0:00	EU	GMT/BST
+
+# Guernsey
+# Data from Joseph S. Myers
+# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
+# References to be added
+# LMT Location - 49.27N -2.33E - St.Peter Port
+Zone	Europe/Guernsey	-0:09:19 -	LMT	1913 Jun 18
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1940 Jul  2
+			 1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
+			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
+			 0:00	EU	GMT/BST
+
+# Isle of Man
+#
+# From Lester Caine (2013-09-04):
+# The Isle of Man legislation is now on-line at
+# <http://www.legislation.gov.im>, starting with the original Statutory
+# Time Act in 1883 and including additional confirmation of some of
+# the dates of the 'Summer Time' orders originating at
+# Westminster.  There is a little uncertainty as to the starting date
+# of the first summer time in 1916 which may have be announced a
+# couple of days late.  There is still a substantial number of
+# documents to work through, but it is thought that every GB change
+# was also implemented on the island.
+#
+# AT4 of 1883 - The Statutory Time et cetera Act 1883 -
+# LMT Location - 54.1508N -4.4814E - Tynwald Hill ( Manx parliament )
+Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man	-0:17:55 -	LMT	1883 Mar 30  0:00s
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
+			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
+			 0:00	EU	GMT/BST
+
+# Jersey
+# Data from Joseph S. Myers
+# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
+# References to be added
+# LMT Location - 49.187N -2.107E - St. Helier
+Zone	Europe/Jersey	-0:08:25 -	LMT	1898 Jun 11 16:00u
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1940 Jul  2
+			 1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1968 Oct 27
+			 1:00	-	BST	1971 Oct 31  2:00u
+			 0:00	GB-Eire	%s	1996
+			 0:00	EU	GMT/BST
+
+# Slovenia
+Zone Europe/Ljubljana	0:58:04	-	LMT	1884
+			1:00	-	CET	1941 Apr 18 23:00
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8  2:00s
+			1:00	1:00	CEST	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
+			1:00	-	CET	1982 Nov 27
+			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
+# Bosnia and Herzegovina
+Zone	Europe/Sarajevo	1:13:40	-	LMT	1884
+			1:00	-	CET	1941 Apr 18 23:00
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8  2:00s
+			1:00	1:00	CEST	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
+			1:00	-	CET	1982 Nov 27
+			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
+# Macedonia
+Zone	Europe/Skopje	1:25:44	-	LMT	1884
+			1:00	-	CET	1941 Apr 18 23:00
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8  2:00s
+			1:00	1:00	CEST	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
+			1:00	-	CET	1982 Nov 27
+			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
+# Moldova / Transnistria
+Zone	Europe/Tiraspol	1:58:32	-	LMT	1880
+			1:55	-	CMT	1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
+			1:44:24	-	BMT	1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
+			2:00	Romania	EE%sT	1940 Aug 15
+			2:00	1:00	EEST	1941 Jul 17
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Aug 24
+			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1991 Mar 31  2:00
+			2:00	Russia	EE%sT	1992 Jan 19  2:00
+			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD
+
+# Liechtenstein
+Zone	Europe/Vaduz	0:38:04 -	LMT	1894 Jun
+			1:00	-	CET	1981
+			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
+# Croatia
+Zone	Europe/Zagreb	1:03:52	-	LMT	1884
+			1:00	-	CET	1941 Apr 18 23:00
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 May  8  2:00s
+			1:00	1:00	CEST	1945 Sep 16  2:00s
+			1:00	-	CET	1982 Nov 27
+			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
+# Madagascar
+Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul
+			3:00	-	EAT	1954 Feb 27 23:00s
+			3:00	1:00	EAST	1954 May 29 23:00s
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Comoros
+Zone	Indian/Comoro	2:53:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# Mayotte
+Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
+			3:00	-	EAT
+
+# US minor outlying islands
+Zone Pacific/Johnston	-10:00	-	HST
+
+# US minor outlying islands
+#
+# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):
+# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies,
+# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3]
+# reproduced a Pan American Airways timetable from 1936, for their weekly
+# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting
+# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast.  As it uses some time zone
+# designations that I've never seen before:....
+# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I.   H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun.
+#  "   3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A  "
+#
+Zone Pacific/Midway	-11:49:28 -	LMT	1901
+			-11:00	-	NST	1956 Jun  3
+			-11:00	1:00	NDT	1956 Sep  2
+			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr    # N=Nome
+			-11:00	-	BST	1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
+			-11:00	-	SST	            # S=Samoa
+
+# N Mariana Is
+Zone Pacific/Saipan	-14:17:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
+			 9:43:00 -	LMT	1901
+			 9:00	-	MPT	1969 Oct    # N Mariana Is Time
+			10:00	-	MPT	2000 Dec 23
+			10:00	-	ChST	# Chamorro Standard Time
diff --git a/checklinks.awk b/checklinks.awk
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5b3e1571d9f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/checklinks.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Check links in tz tables.
+
+# Contributed by Paul Eggert.  This file is in the public domain.
+
+BEGIN {
+    # Special marker indicating that the name is defined as a Zone.
+    # It is a newline so that it cannot match a valid name.
+    # It is not null so that its slot does not appear unset.
+    Zone = "\n"
+}
+
+/^Zone/ {
+    if (defined[$2]) {
+	if (defined[$2] == Zone) {
+	    printf "%s: Zone has duplicate definition\n", $2
+	} else {
+	    printf "%s: Link with same name as Zone\n", $2
+	}
+	status = 1
+    }
+    defined[$2] = Zone
+}
+
+/^Link/ {
+    if (defined[$3]) {
+	if (defined[$3] == Zone) {
+	    printf "%s: Link with same name as Zone\n", $3
+	} else if (defined[$3] == $2) {
+	    printf "%s: Link has duplicate definition\n", $3
+	} else {
+	    printf "%s: Link to both %s and %s\n", $3, defined[$3], $2
+	}
+	status = 1
+    }
+    used[$2] = 1
+    defined[$3] = $2
+}
+
+END {
+    for (tz in used) {
+	if (defined[tz] != Zone) {
+	    printf "%s: Link to non-zone\n", tz
+	    status = 1
+	}
+    }
+
+    exit status
+}
diff --git a/checktab.awk b/checktab.awk
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2397673e92a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/checktab.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+# Check tz tables for consistency.
+
+# Contributed by Paul Eggert.  This file is in the public domain.
+
+BEGIN {
+	FS = "\t"
+
+	if (!iso_table) iso_table = "iso3166.tab"
+	if (!zone_table) zone_table = "zone1970.tab"
+	if (!want_warnings) want_warnings = -1
+
+	while (getline <iso_table) {
+		iso_NR++
+		if ($0 ~ /^#/) continue
+		if (NF != 2) {
+			printf "%s:%d: wrong number of columns\n", \
+				iso_table, iso_NR >>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+		cc = $1
+		name = $2
+		if (cc !~ /^[A-Z][A-Z]$/) {
+			printf "%s:%d: invalid country code '%s'\n", \
+				iso_table, iso_NR, cc >>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+		if (cc <= cc0) {
+			if (cc == cc0) {
+				s = "duplicate";
+			} else {
+				s = "out of order";
+			}
+
+			printf "%s:%d: country code '%s' is %s\n", \
+				iso_table, iso_NR, cc, s \
+				>>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+		cc0 = cc
+		if (name2cc[name]) {
+			printf "%s:%d: '%s' and '%s' have the same name\n", \
+				iso_table, iso_NR, name2cc[name], cc \
+				>>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+		name2cc[name] = cc
+		cc2name[cc] = name
+		cc2NR[cc] = iso_NR
+	}
+
+	cc0 = ""
+
+	while (getline <zone_table) {
+		zone_NR++
+		if ($0 ~ /^#/) continue
+		if (NF != 3 && NF != 4) {
+			printf "%s:%d: wrong number of columns\n", \
+				zone_table, zone_NR >>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+		split($1, cca, /,/)
+		cc = cca[1]
+		coordinates = $2
+		tz = $3
+		comments = $4
+		if (cc < cc0) {
+			printf "%s:%d: country code '%s' is out of order\n", \
+				zone_table, zone_NR, cc >>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+		cc0 = cc
+		tztab[tz] = 1
+		tz2comments[tz] = comments
+		tz2NR[tz] = zone_NR
+		for (i in cca) {
+		    cc = cca[i]
+		    cctz = cc tz
+		    cctztab[cctz] = 1
+		    if (cc2name[cc]) {
+			cc_used[cc]++
+		    } else {
+			printf "%s:%d: %s: unknown country code\n", \
+				zone_table, zone_NR, cc >>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		    }
+		}
+		if (coordinates !~ /^[-+][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9][-+][01][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9]$/ \
+		    && coordinates !~ /^[-+][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9][0-5][0-9][-+][01][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9][0-5][0-9]$/) {
+			printf "%s:%d: %s: invalid coordinates\n", \
+				zone_table, zone_NR, coordinates >>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (cctz in cctztab) {
+		cc = substr (cctz, 1, 2)
+		tz = substr (cctz, 3)
+		if (1 < cc_used[cc]) {
+			comments_needed[tz] = cc
+		}
+	}
+	for (cctz in cctztab) {
+	  cc = substr (cctz, 1, 2)
+	  tz = substr (cctz, 3)
+	  if (!comments_needed[tz] && tz2comments[tz]) {
+	    printf "%s:%d: unnecessary comment '%s'\n", \
+		zone_table, tz2NR[tz], tz2comments[tz] \
+		>>"/dev/stderr"
+	    tz2comments[tz] = 0
+	    status = 1
+	  } else if (comments_needed[tz] && !tz2comments[tz]) {
+	    printf "%s:%d: missing comment for %s\n", \
+	      zone_table, tz2NR[tz], comments_needed[tz] \
+	      >>"/dev/stderr"
+	    tz2comments[tz] = 1
+	    status = 1
+	  }
+	}
+	FS = " "
+}
+
+$1 ~ /^#/ { next }
+
+{
+	tz = rules = ""
+	if ($1 == "Zone") {
+		tz = $2
+		ruleUsed[$4] = 1
+	} else if ($1 == "Link" && zone_table == "zone.tab") {
+		# Ignore Link commands if source and destination basenames
+		# are identical, e.g. Europe/Istanbul versus Asia/Istanbul.
+		src = $2
+		dst = $3
+		while ((i = index(src, "/"))) src = substr(src, i+1)
+		while ((i = index(dst, "/"))) dst = substr(dst, i+1)
+		if (src != dst) tz = $3
+	} else if ($1 == "Rule") {
+		ruleDefined[$2] = 1
+	} else {
+		ruleUsed[$2] = 1
+	}
+	if (tz && tz ~ /\//) {
+		if (!tztab[tz]) {
+			printf "%s: no data for '%s'\n", zone_table, tz \
+				>>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+		zoneSeen[tz] = 1
+	}
+}
+
+END {
+	for (tz in ruleDefined) {
+		if (!ruleUsed[tz]) {
+			printf "%s: Rule never used\n", tz
+			status = 1
+		}
+	}
+	for (tz in tztab) {
+		if (!zoneSeen[tz]) {
+			printf "%s:%d: no Zone table for '%s'\n", \
+				zone_table, tz2NR[tz], tz >>"/dev/stderr"
+			status = 1
+		}
+	}
+	if (0 < want_warnings) {
+		for (cc in cc2name) {
+			if (!cc_used[cc]) {
+				printf "%s:%d: warning: " \
+					"no Zone entries for %s (%s)\n", \
+					iso_table, cc2NR[cc], cc, cc2name[cc]
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	exit status
+}
diff --git a/europe b/europe
index a7dc350d1ebf..4709cc742c1a 100644
--- a/europe
+++ b/europe
@@ -1500,73 +1500,84 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik	-1:28	-	LMT	1908
 # But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
 # so record only the time in Rome.
 #
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and
-# F. Pollastri
-# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03)
-# http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html
-# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
-# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
-#
-# year	FP	Shanks&P. (S)	Whitman (W)	Go with:
-# 1916	06-03	06-03 24:00	06-03 00:00	FP & W
-#	09-30	09-30 24:00	09-30 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1917	04-01	03-31 24:00	03-31 00:00	FP & S
-#	09-30	09-29 24:00	09-30 01:00	FP & W
-# 1918	03-09	03-09 24:00	03-09 00:00	FP & S
-#	10-06	10-05 24:00	10-06 01:00	FP & W
-# 1919	03-01	03-01 24:00	03-01 00:00	FP & S
-#	10-04	10-04 24:00	10-04 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1920	03-20	03-20 24:00	03-20 00:00	FP & S
-#	09-18	09-18 24:00	10-01 01:00	FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1944	04-02	04-03 02:00			S (see C-Eur)
-#	09-16	10-02 03:00			FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1945	09-14	09-16 24:00			FP; guess 24:00s
-# 1970	05-21	05-31 00:00			S
-#	09-20	09-27 00:00			S
+# From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24):
+# http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10
+# ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into
+# force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in
+# the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...."
+#
+# From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20):
+# The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological
+# institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at
+# http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml
+# (2016-10-24):
+# http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/
+# has still different data for 1944.  It divides Italy in two, as
+# there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic
+# Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south
+# of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies.
+#
+# From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23):
+# Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219.
+# Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ...
+# Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is
+# advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ...
+# Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27):
+# Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944
+# for the Kingdom of Italy.  This is consistent with Renzo Baldini.
+# Model Rome's occupation by using using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10
+# to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it
+# was effectively controlled by Germany.
 #
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
-Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Jun	 3	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Sep	30	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Mar	10	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1918	1919	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Mar	 2	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Mar	21	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Sep	19	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1940	only	-	Jun	15	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1944	only	-	Sep	17	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Sep	15	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Mar	17	2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Oct	 6	2:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Mar	16	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Oct	 5	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Feb	29	2:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Oct	 3	2:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1966	1968	-	May	Sun>=22	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1966	1969	-	Sep	Sun>=22	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1969	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	May	31	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1971	1972	-	May	Sun>=22	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1971	only	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1972	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1973	only	-	Jun	 3	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1973	1974	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1974	only	-	May	26	0:00	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1975	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1975	1977	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1976	only	-	May	30	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1977	1979	-	May	Sun>=22	0:00s	1:00	S
-Rule	Italy	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00s	0	-
-Rule	Italy	1979	only	-	Sep	30	0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1916	only	-	Jun	 3	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1916	1917	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1917	only	-	Mar	31	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Mar	 9	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1918	only	-	Oct	 6	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Mar	 1	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1919	only	-	Oct	 4	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1920	only	-	Sep	18	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1940	only	-	Jun	14	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1942	only	-	Nov	 2	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1943	only	-	Mar	29	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1943	only	-	Oct	 4	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1944	only	-	Apr	 2	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1944	only	-	Sep	17	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Apr	 2	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1945	only	-	Sep	15	 1:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Mar	17	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1946	only	-	Oct	 6	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Mar	16	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1947	only	-	Oct	 5	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Feb	29	 2:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1948	only	-	Oct	 3	 2:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1966	1968	-	May	Sun>=22	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1966	only	-	Sep	24	24:00	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1967	1969	-	Sep	Sun>=22	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1969	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	May	31	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1970	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1971	1972	-	May	Sun>=22	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1971	only	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1972	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1973	only	-	Jun	 3	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1973	1974	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1974	only	-	May	26	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1975	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1975	1977	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1976	only	-	May	30	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1977	1979	-	May	Sun>=22	 0:00s	1:00	S
+Rule	Italy	1978	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00s	0	-
+Rule	Italy	1979	only	-	Sep	30	 0:00s	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Sep 22
-			0:49:56	-	RMT	1893 Nov  1  0:00s # Rome Mean
-			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1942 Nov  2  2:00s
-			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Jul
+			0:49:56	-	RMT	1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean
+			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1943 Sep 10
+			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Jun  4
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1980
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
@@ -1765,6 +1776,10 @@ Zone Europe/Luxembourg	0:24:36 -	LMT	1904 Jun
 # See Europe/Belgrade.
 
 # Malta
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21):
+# Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Malta	1973	only	-	Mar	31	0:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Malta	1973	only	-	Sep	29	0:00s	0	-
@@ -1775,8 +1790,6 @@ Rule	Malta	1975	1980	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
 Rule	Malta	1980	only	-	Mar	31	2:00	1:00	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2  0:00s # Valletta
-			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1942 Nov  2  2:00s
-			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 Apr  2  2:00s
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1973 Mar 31
 			1:00	Malta	CE%sT	1981
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
@@ -1908,7 +1921,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Monaco	0:29:32 -	LMT	1891 Mar 15
 # Amsterdam mean time.
 
 # The data entries before 1945 are taken from
-# http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm
+# http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Neth	1916	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	NST	# Netherlands Summer Time
diff --git a/leapseconds.awk b/leapseconds.awk
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..21fe540791b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leapseconds.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Generate the 'leapseconds' file from 'leap-seconds.list'.
+
+# This file is in the public domain.
+
+BEGIN {
+  print "# Allowance for leap seconds added to each time zone file."
+  print ""
+  print "# This file is in the public domain."
+  print ""
+  print "# This file is generated automatically from the data in the public-domain"
+  print "# leap-seconds.list file available from most NIST time servers."
+  print "# If the URL <ftp://time.nist.gov/pub/leap-seconds.list> does not work,"
+  print "# you should be able to pick up leap-seconds.list from a secondary NIST server."
+  print "# See <http://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi> for a list of secondary servers."
+  print "# For more about leap-seconds.list, please see"
+  print "# The NTP Timescale and Leap Seconds"
+  print "# http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/leap.html"
+  print ""
+  print "# The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service"
+  print "# periodically uses leap seconds to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1"
+  print "# (which measures the true angular orientation of the earth in space); see"
+  print "# Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time,"
+  print "# Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.84965>."
+  print "# There were no leap seconds before 1972, because the official mechanism"
+  print "# accounting for the discrepancy between atomic time and the earth's rotation"
+  print "# did not exist until the early 1970s."
+  print ""
+  print "# The correction (+ or -) is made at the given time, so lines"
+  print "# will typically look like:"
+  print "#	Leap	YEAR	MON	DAY	23:59:60	+	R/S"
+  print "# or"
+  print "#	Leap	YEAR	MON	DAY	23:59:59	-	R/S"
+  print ""
+  print "# If the leapsecond is Rolling (R) the given time is local time."
+  print "# If the leapsecond is Stationary (S) the given time is UTC."
+  print ""
+  print "# Leap	YEAR	MONTH	DAY	HH:MM:SS	CORR	R/S"
+}
+
+/^ *$/ { next }
+
+/^#\tUpdated through/ || /^#\tFile expires on:/ {
+    last_lines = last_lines $0 "\n"
+}
+
+/^#/ { next }
+
+{
+    NTP_timestamp = $1
+    TAI_minus_UTC = $2
+    hash_mark = $3
+    one = $4
+    month = $5
+    year = $6
+    if (old_TAI_minus_UTC) {
+	if (old_TAI_minus_UTC < TAI_minus_UTC) {
+	    sign = "23:59:60\t+"
+	} else {
+	    sign = "23:59:59\t-"
+	}
+	if (month == "Jan") {
+	    year--;
+	    month = "Dec";
+	    day = 31
+	} else if (month == "Jul") {
+	    month = "Jun";
+	    day = 30
+	}
+	printf "Leap\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\tS\n", year, month, day, sign
+    }
+    old_TAI_minus_UTC = TAI_minus_UTC
+}
+
+END {
+    printf "\n%s", last_lines
+}
diff --git a/version b/version
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bc96124d710f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/version
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2016i
diff --git a/zone.tab b/zone.tab
index cf774b5dc20c..f4969d29b838 100644
--- a/zone.tab
+++ b/zone.tab
@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ CU	+2308-08222	America/Havana
 CV	+1455-02331	Atlantic/Cape_Verde
 CW	+1211-06900	America/Curacao
 CX	-1025+10543	Indian/Christmas
-CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia
+CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia	Cyprus (most areas)
+CY	+3507+03357	Asia/Famagusta	Northern Cyprus
 CZ	+5005+01426	Europe/Prague
 DE	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas)
 DE	+4742+00841	Europe/Busingen	Busingen
diff --git a/zone1970.tab b/zone1970.tab
index b7372cf671b8..f48f7a6b56be 100644
--- a/zone1970.tab
+++ b/zone1970.tab
@@ -144,7 +144,8 @@ CU	+2308-08222	America/Havana
 CV	+1455-02331	Atlantic/Cape_Verde
 CW,AW,BQ,SX	+1211-06900	America/Curacao
 CX	-1025+10543	Indian/Christmas
-CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia
+CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia	Cyprus (most areas)
+CY	+3507+03357	Asia/Famagusta	Northern Cyprus
 CZ,SK	+5005+01426	Europe/Prague
 DE	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas)
 DK	+5540+01235	Europe/Copenhagen
diff --git a/zoneinfo2tdf.pl b/zoneinfo2tdf.pl
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..e05ec010082a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/zoneinfo2tdf.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#! /usr/bin/perl -w
+
+# Courtesy Ken Pizzini.
+
+use strict;
+
+#This file released to the public domain.
+
+# Note: error checking is poor; trust the output only if the input
+# has been checked by zic.
+
+my $contZone = '';
+while (<>) {
+  my $origline = $_;
+  my @fields = ();
+  while (s/^\s*((?:"[^"]*"|[^\s#])+)//) {
+    push @fields, $1;
+  }
+  next unless @fields;
+
+  my $type = lc($fields[0]);
+  if ($contZone) {
+    @fields >= 3 or warn "bad continuation line";
+    unshift @fields, '+', $contZone;
+    $type = 'zone';
+  }
+
+  $contZone = '';
+  if ($type eq 'zone') {
+    # Zone  NAME  GMTOFF  RULES/SAVE  FORMAT  [UNTIL]
+    my $nfields = @fields;
+    $nfields >= 5 or warn "bad zone line";
+    if ($nfields > 6) {
+      #this splice is optional, depending on one's preference
+      #(one big date-time field, or componentized date and time):
+      splice(@fields, 5, $nfields-5, "@fields[5..$nfields-1]");
+    }
+    $contZone = $fields[1] if @fields > 5;
+  } elsif ($type eq 'rule') {
+    # Rule  NAME  FROM  TO  TYPE  IN  ON  AT  SAVE  LETTER/S
+    @fields == 10 or warn "bad rule line";
+  } elsif ($type eq 'link') {
+    # Link  TARGET  LINK-NAME
+    @fields == 3 or warn "bad link line";
+  } elsif ($type eq 'leap') {
+    # Leap  YEAR  MONTH  DAY  HH:MM:SS  CORR  R/S
+    @fields == 7 or warn "bad leap line";
+  } else {
+    warn "Fubar at input line $.: $origline";
+  }
+  print join("\t", @fields), "\n";
+}