Release FreeBSD 1.0upstream/1.0.0_cvsrelease/1.0.0_cvs

This commit was manufactured to restore the state of the 1.0-RELEASE image.
Releases prior to 5.3-RELEASE are omitting the secure/ and crypto/ subdirs.

5 files changed, 9226 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gnu/gcc2/cc/Makefile b/gnu/gcc2/cc/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d5c31592a183
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gnu/gcc2/cc/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#       @(#)Makefile    6.2 (Berkeley) 3/25/91
+
+PROG=           gcc
+SRCS=           gcc.c version.c obstack.c
+MAN1=		gcc.1 g++.1
+BINDIR=		/usr/bin
+CFLAGS+=        -I$(.CURDIR) -I$(.CURDIR)/../lib
+.PATH:          $(.CURDIR)/../lib 
+
+afterinstall:
+	install -c -o $(BINOWN) -g $(BINGRP) -m $(BINMODE) \
+		$(.CURDIR)/g++.script $(DESTDIR)/usr/bin/g++
+	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/cc
+	cd $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR); ln -s gcc cc
+
+.include <bsd.prog.mk>
diff --git a/gnu/gcc2/cc/g++.1 b/gnu/gcc2/cc/g++.1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..38d4410f8000
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gnu/gcc2/cc/g++.1
@@ -0,0 +1,635 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1992 Free Software Foundation              -*-Text-*-
+.\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution
+.\" FIXME: no info here on predefines.  Should there be?  extra for C++...
+.TH G++ 1 "30apr1993" "GNU Tools" "GNU Tools"
+.de BP
+.sp
+.ti \-.2i
+\(**
+..
+.SH NAME
+g++ \- GNU project C++ Compiler (v2.4)
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.RB g++ " [" \c
+.IR option " | " filename " ].\|.\|.
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The C and C++ compilers are integrated;
+.B g++
+is a script to call
+.B gcc with options to recognize C++.  
+.B gcc
+processes input files
+through one or more of four stages: preprocessing, compilation,
+assembly, and linking.  This man page contains full descriptions for 
+.I only
+C++ specific aspects of the compiler, though it also contains
+summaries of some general-purpose options.  For a fuller explanation
+of the compiler, see
+.BR gcc ( 1 ).
+
+C++ source files use one of the suffixes `\|\c
+.B .C\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B .cc\c
+\&\|', or `\|\c
+.B .cxx\c
+\&\|'; preprocessed C++ files use the suffix `\|\c
+.B .ii\c
+\&\|'.
+.SH OPTIONS
+There are many command-line options, including options to control
+details of optimization, warnings, and code generation, which are
+common to both 
+.B gcc
+and
+.B g++\c
+\&.  For full information on all options, see 
+.BR gcc ( 1 ).
+
+Options must be separate: `\|\c
+.B \-dr\c
+\&\|' is quite different from `\|\c
+.B \-d \-r
+\&\|'. 
+
+Most `\|\c
+.B \-f\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-W\c
+\&\|' options have two contrary forms: 
+.BI \-f name
+and
+.BI \-fno\- name\c
+\& (or 
+.BI \-W name
+and
+.BI \-Wno\- name\c
+\&). Only the non-default forms are shown here.
+
+.TP
+.B \-c
+Compile or assemble the source files, but do not link.  The compiler
+output is an object file corresponding to each source file.
+.TP
+.BI \-D macro
+Define macro \c
+.I macro\c
+\& with the string `\|\c
+.B 1\c
+\&\|' as its definition.
+.TP
+.BI \-D macro = defn
+Define macro \c
+.I macro\c
+\& as \c
+.I defn\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-E
+Stop after the preprocessing stage; do not run the compiler proper.  The
+output is preprocessed source code, which is sent to the
+standard output.
+.TP
+.B \-fall\-virtual
+Treat all possible member functions as virtual, implicitly.  All
+member functions (except for constructor functions and
+.B new
+or
+.B delete
+member operators) are treated as virtual functions of the class where
+they appear.
+
+This does not mean that all calls to these member functions will be
+made through the internal table of virtual functions.  Under some
+circumstances, the compiler can determine that a call to a given
+virtual function can be made directly; in these cases the calls are
+direct in any case.
+.TP
+.B \-fdollars\-in\-identifiers
+Permit the use of `\|\c
+.B $\c
+\&\|' in identifiers.
+Traditional C allowed the character `\|\c
+.B $\c
+\&\|' to form part of identifiers; by default, GNU C also
+allows this.  However, ANSI C forbids `\|\c
+.B $\c
+\&\|' in identifiers, and GNU C++ also forbids it by default on most
+platforms (though on some platforms it's enabled by default for GNU
+C++ as well).
+.TP
+.B \-felide\-constructors
+Use this option to instruct the compiler to be smarter about when it can
+elide constructors.  Without this flag, GNU C++ and cfront both
+generate effectively the same code for:
+.sp
+.br
+A\ foo\ ();
+.br
+A\ x\ (foo\ ());\ \ \ //\ x\ initialized\ by\ `foo\ ()',\ no\ ctor\ called
+.br
+A\ y\ =\ foo\ ();\ \ \ //\ call\ to\ `foo\ ()'\ heads\ to\ temporary,
+.br
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ //\ y\ is\ initialized\ from\ the\ temporary.
+.br
+.sp
+Note the difference!  With this flag, GNU C++ initializes `\|\c
+.B y\c
+\&\|' directly
+from the call to 
+.B foo ()
+without going through a temporary.
+.TP
+.B \-fenum\-int\-equiv
+Normally GNU C++ allows conversion of 
+.B enum
+to
+.B int\c
+\&, but not the other way around.  Use this option if you want GNU C++
+to allow conversion of
+.B int
+to 
+.B enum
+as well.  
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-gnu\-linker
+Do not output global initializations (such as C++ constructors and
+destructors) in the form used by the GNU linker (on systems where the GNU
+linker is the standard method of handling them).  Use this option when
+you want to use a non-GNU linker, which also requires using the
+.B collect2
+program to make sure the system linker includes
+constructors and destructors.  (\c
+.B collect2
+is included in the GNU CC distribution.)  For systems which
+.I must
+use
+.B collect2\c
+\&, the compiler driver
+.B gcc
+is configured to do this automatically.
+.TP
+.B \-fmemoize\-lookups
+.TP
+.B \-fsave\-memoized
+These flags are used to get the compiler to compile programs faster
+using heuristics.  They are not on by default since they are only effective
+about half the time.  The other half of the time programs compile more
+slowly (and take more memory).
+
+The first time the compiler must build a call to a member function (or
+reference to a data member), it must (1) determine whether the class
+implements member functions of that name; (2) resolve which member
+function to call (which involves figuring out what sorts of type
+conversions need to be made); and (3) check the visibility of the member
+function to the caller.  All of this adds up to slower compilation.
+Normally, the second time a call is made to that member function (or
+reference to that data member), it must go through the same lengthy
+process again.  This means that code like this
+.sp
+.br
+\ \ cout\ <<\ "This\ "\ <<\ p\ <<\ "\ has\ "\ <<\ n\ <<\ "\ legs.\en";
+.br
+.sp
+makes six passes through all three steps.  By using a software cache,
+a ``hit'' significantly reduces this cost.  Unfortunately, using the
+cache introduces another layer of mechanisms which must be implemented,
+and so incurs its own overhead.  `\|\c
+.B \-fmemoize\-lookups\c
+\&\|' enables
+the software cache.
+
+Because access privileges (visibility) to members and member functions
+may differ from one function context to the next, 
+.B g++
+may need to flush the cache. With the `\|\c
+.B \-fmemoize\-lookups\c
+\&\|' flag, the cache is flushed after every
+function that is compiled.  The `\|\c
+\-fsave\-memoized\c
+\&\|' flag enables the same software cache, but when the compiler
+determines that the context of the last function compiled would yield
+the same access privileges of the next function to compile, it
+preserves the cache. 
+This is most helpful when defining many member functions for the same
+class: with the exception of member functions which are friends of
+other classes, each member function has exactly the same access
+privileges as every other, and the cache need not be flushed.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-default\-inline
+Do not make member functions inline by default merely because they are
+defined inside the class scope.  Otherwise, when you specify
+.B \-O\c
+\&, member functions defined inside class scope are compiled
+inline by default; i.e., you don't need to add `\|\c
+.B inline\c
+\&\|' in front of
+the member function name.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-strict\-prototype
+Consider the declaration \c
+.B int foo ();\c
+\&.  In C++, this means that the
+function \c
+.B foo\c
+\& takes no arguments.  In ANSI C, this is declared
+.B int foo(void);\c
+\&.  With the flag `\|\c
+.B \-fno\-strict\-prototype\c
+\&\|',
+declaring functions with no arguments is equivalent to declaring its
+argument list to be untyped, i.e., \c
+.B int foo ();\c
+\& is equivalent to
+saying \c
+.B int foo (...);\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-fnonnull\-objects
+Normally, GNU C++ makes conservative assumptions about objects reached
+through references.  For example, the compiler must check that `\|\c
+.B a\c
+\&\|' is not null in code like the following:
+.br
+\ \ \ \ obj\ &a\ =\ g\ ();
+.br
+\ \ \ \ a.f\ (2);
+.br
+Checking that references of this sort have non-null values requires
+extra code, however, and it is unnecessary for many programs.  You can
+use `\|\c
+.B \-fnonnull\-objects\c
+\&\|' to omit the checks for null, if your program doesn't require the
+default checking.
+.TP
+.B \-fthis\-is\-variable
+The incorporation of user-defined free store management into C++ has
+made assignment to \c
+.B this\c
+\& an anachronism.  Therefore, by default GNU
+C++ treats the type of \c
+.B this\c
+\& in a member function of \c
+.B class X\c
+\&
+to be \c
+.B X *const\c
+\&.  In other words, it is illegal to assign to
+\c
+.B this\c
+\& within a class member function.  However, for backwards
+compatibility, you can invoke the old behavior by using
+\&`\|\c
+.B \-fthis\-is\-variable\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-g
+Produce debugging information in the operating system's native format
+(for DBX or SDB or DWARF).  GDB also can work with this debugging
+information.  On most systems that use DBX format, `\|\c
+.B \-g\c
+\&\|' enables use
+of extra debugging information that only GDB can use.
+
+Unlike most other C compilers, GNU CC allows you to use `\|\c
+.B \-g\c
+\&\|' with
+`\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|'.  The shortcuts taken by optimized code may occasionally
+produce surprising results: some variables you declared may not exist
+at all; flow of control may briefly move where you did not expect it;
+some statements may not be executed because they compute constant
+results or their values were already at hand; some statements may
+execute in different places because they were moved out of loops.
+
+Nevertheless it proves possible to debug optimized output.  This makes
+it reasonable to use the optimizer for programs that might have bugs.
+.TP
+.BI "\-I" "dir"\c
+\&
+Append directory \c
+.I dir\c
+\& to the list of directories searched for include files.
+.TP
+.BI "\-L" "dir"\c
+\&
+Add directory \c
+.I dir\c
+\& to the list of directories to be searched
+for `\|\c
+.B \-l\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.BI \-l library\c
+\&
+Use the library named \c
+.I library\c
+\& when linking.  (C++ programs often require `\|\c
+\-lg++\c
+\&\|' for successful linking.)
+.TP
+.B \-nostdinc
+Do not search the standard system directories for header files.  Only
+the directories you have specified with
+.B \-I
+options (and the current directory, if appropriate) are searched.
+.TP
+.B \-nostdinc++
+Do not search for header files in the standard directories specific to
+C++, but do still search the other standard directories.  (This option
+is used when building libg++.)
+.TP
+.B \-O
+Optimize.  Optimizing compilation takes somewhat more time, and a lot
+more memory for a large function.
+.TP
+.BI "\-o " file\c
+\&
+Place output in file \c
+.I file\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-S
+Stop after the stage of compilation proper; do not assemble.  The output
+is an assembler code file for each non-assembler input
+file specified.
+.TP
+.B \-traditional
+Attempt to support some aspects of traditional C compilers.
+
+Specifically, for both C and C++ programs:
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+In the preprocessor, comments convert to nothing at all, rather than
+to a space.  This allows traditional token concatenation.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+In the preprocessor, macro arguments are recognized within string
+constants in a macro definition (and their values are stringified,
+though without additional quote marks, when they appear in such a
+context).  The preprocessor always considers a string constant to end
+at a newline.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+The preprocessor does not predefine the macro \c
+.B __STDC__\c
+\& when you use
+`\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|', but still predefines\c
+.B __GNUC__\c
+\& (since the GNU extensions indicated by 
+.B __GNUC__\c
+\& are not affected by
+`\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|').  If you need to write header files that work
+differently depending on whether `\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|' is in use, by
+testing both of these predefined macros you can distinguish four
+situations: GNU C, traditional GNU C, other ANSI C compilers, and
+other old C compilers.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+In the preprocessor, comments convert to nothing at all, rather than
+to a space.  This allows traditional token concatenation.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+In the preprocessor, macro arguments are recognized within string
+constants in a macro definition (and their values are stringified,
+though without additional quote marks, when they appear in such a
+context).  The preprocessor always considers a string constant to end
+at a newline.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+The preprocessor does not predefine the macro \c
+.B __STDC__\c
+\& when you use
+`\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|', but still predefines\c
+.B __GNUC__\c
+\& (since the GNU extensions indicated by 
+.B __GNUC__\c
+\& are not affected by
+`\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|').  If you need to write header files that work
+differently depending on whether `\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|' is in use, by
+testing both of these predefined macros you can distinguish four
+situations: GNU C, traditional GNU C, other ANSI C compilers, and
+other old C compilers.
+.PP
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+String ``constants'' are not necessarily constant; they are stored in
+writable space, and identical looking constants are allocated
+separately.
+
+For C++ programs only (not C), `\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|' has one additional effect: assignment to 
+.B this
+is permitted.  This is the same as the effect of `\|\c
+.B \-fthis\-is\-variable\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.BI \-U macro
+Undefine macro \c
+.I macro\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-Wall
+Issue warnings for conditions which pertain to usage that we recommend
+avoiding and that we believe is easy to avoid, even in conjunction
+with macros. 
+.TP
+.B \-Wenum\-clash
+Warn when converting between different enumeration types.
+.TP
+.B \-Woverloaded\-virtual
+In a derived class, the definitions of virtual functions must match
+the type signature of a virtual function declared in the base class.
+Use this option to request warnings when a derived class declares a
+function that may be an erroneous attempt to define a virtual
+function: that is, warn when a function with the same name as a
+virtual function in the base class, but with a type signature that
+doesn't match any virtual functions from the base class.
+.TP
+.B \-Wtemplate\-debugging
+When using templates in a C++ program, warn if debugging is not yet
+fully available.
+.TP
+.B \-w
+Inhibit all warning messages.
+.TP
+.BI +e N
+Control how virtual function definitions are used, in a fashion
+compatible with
+.B cfront
+1.x.
+.PP
+
+.SH PRAGMAS
+Two `\|\c
+.B #pragma\c
+\&\|' directives are supported for GNU C++, to permit using the same
+header file for two purposes: as a definition of interfaces to a given
+object class, and as the full definition of the contents of that object class.
+.TP
+.B #pragma interface
+Use this directive in header files that define object classes, to save
+space in most of the object files that use those classes.  Normally,
+local copies of certain information (backup copies of inline member
+functions, debugging information, and the internal tables that
+implement virtual functions) must be kept in each object file that
+includes class definitions.  You can use this pragma to avoid such
+duplication.  When a header file containing `\|\c
+.B #pragma interface\c
+\&\|' is included in a compilation, this auxiliary information
+will not be generated (unless the main input source file itself uses
+`\|\c
+.B #pragma implementation\c
+\&\|').  Instead, the object files will contain references to be
+resolved at link time.  
+.tr !"
+.TP
+.B #pragma implementation
+.TP
+.BI "#pragma implementation !" objects .h!
+Use this pragma in a main input file, when you want full output from
+included header files to be generated (and made globally visible).
+The included header file, in turn, should use `\|\c
+.B #pragma interface\c
+\&\|'.  
+Backup copies of inline member functions, debugging information, and
+the internal tables used to implement virtual functions are all
+generated in implementation files.
+
+If you use `\|\c
+.B #pragma implementation\c
+\&\|' with no argument, it applies to an include file with the same
+basename as your source file; for example, in `\|\c
+.B allclass.cc\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B #pragma implementation\c
+\&\|' by itself is equivalent to `\|\c
+.B 
+#pragma implementation "allclass.h"\c
+\&\|'.  Use the string argument if you want a single implementation
+file to include code from multiple header files.  
+
+There is no way to split up the contents of a single header file into
+multiple implementation files. 
+.SH FILES
+.ta \w'LIBDIR/g++\-include 'u
+file.h	C header (preprocessor) file
+.br
+file.i	preprocessed C source file
+.br
+file.C	C++ source file
+.br
+file.cc	C++ source file
+.br
+file.cxx	C++ source file
+.br
+file.s	assembly language file
+.br
+file.o	object file
+.br
+a.out	link edited output
+.br
+\fITMPDIR\fR/cc\(**	temporary files
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/cpp	preprocessor
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/cc1plus	compiler
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/collect	linker front end needed on some machines
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/libgcc.a	GCC subroutine library
+.br
+/lib/crt[01n].o	start-up routine
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/ccrt0	additional start-up routine for C++
+.br
+/lib/libc.a	standard C library, see
+.IR intro (3)
+.br
+/usr/include	standard directory for 
+.B #include
+files
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/include	standard gcc directory for
+.B #include
+files
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/g++\-include	additional g++ directory for
+.B #include
+.sp
+.I LIBDIR
+is usually
+.B /usr/local/lib/\c
+.IR machine / version .
+.br
+.I TMPDIR
+comes from the environment variable 
+.B TMPDIR
+(default
+.B /usr/tmp
+if available, else
+.B /tmp\c
+\&).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+gcc(1), cpp(1), as(1), ld(1), gdb(1), adb(1), dbx(1), sdb(1).
+.br
+.RB "`\|" gcc "\|', `\|" cpp \|', 
+.RB `\| as \|', `\| ld \|',
+and 
+.RB `\| gdb \|'
+entries in
+.B info\c
+\&.
+.br
+.I 
+Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c
+, Richard M. Stallman; 
+.I
+The C Preprocessor\c
+, Richard M. Stallman;
+.I 
+Debugging with GDB: the GNU Source-Level Debugger\c
+, Richard M. Stallman and Roland H. Pesch;
+.I
+Using as: the GNU Assembler\c
+, Dean Elsner, Jay Fenlason & friends;
+.I
+gld: the GNU linker\c
+, Steve Chamberlain and Roland Pesch.
+
+.SH BUGS
+For instructions on how to report bugs, see the GCC manual.
+
+.SH COPYING
+Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.PP
+Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
+this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
+are preserved on all copies.
+.PP
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+permission notice identical to this one.
+.PP
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
+manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
+versions, except that this permission notice may be included in
+translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in
+the original English.
+.SH AUTHORS
+See the GNU CC Manual for the contributors to GNU CC.
diff --git a/gnu/gcc2/cc/g++.script b/gnu/gcc2/cc/g++.script
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d633e1c459ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gnu/gcc2/cc/g++.script
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Compile programs, treating .c files as C++.
+: || exec /bin/sh -f $0 $argv:q
+
+# The compiler name might be different when doing cross-compilation
+# (this should be configured)
+gcc_name=gcc
+speclang=-xnone
+
+# replace the command name by the name of the new command
+progname=`basename $0`
+case "$0" in
+  */*)
+    gcc=`echo $0 | sed -e "s;/[^/]*$;;"`/$gcc_name
+    ;;
+  *)
+    gcc=$gcc_name
+    ;;
+esac
+
+# $first is yes for first arg, no afterwards.
+first=yes
+# If next arg is the argument of an option, $quote is non-empty.
+# More precisely, it is the option that wants an argument.
+quote=
+# $library is made empty to disable use of libg++.
+library=-lg++
+numargs=$#
+
+# ash requires the newline before `do'.
+for arg
+do
+  if [ $first = yes ]
+  then
+    # Need some 1st arg to `set' which does not begin with `-'.
+    # We get rid of it after the loop ends.
+    set gcc
+    first=no
+  fi
+  # If you have to ask what this does, you should not edit this file. :-)
+  # The ``S'' at the start is so that echo -nostdinc does not eat the
+  # -nostdinc.
+  arg=`echo "S$arg" | sed "s/^S//; s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`
+  if [ x$quote != x ]
+  then
+    quote=
+  else
+    quote=
+    case $arg in
+      -nostdlib)
+	# Inhibit linking with -lg++.
+	library=
+	;;
+      -lm | -lmath)
+ 	# Because libg++ uses things from the math library, make sure it
+	# always comes before the math library.  We recognize both -lm
+	# and -lmath, since on some systems (e.g. m88k SVR3), it
+	# doesn't call it libm.a for some reason.
+	set "$@" $library
+	library=""
+	;;
+      -[bBVDUoeTuIYmLiA] | -Tdata)
+	# these switches take following word as argument,
+	# so don't treat it as a file name.
+	quote=$arg
+	;;
+      -[cSEM] | -MM)
+	# Don't specify libraries if we won't link,
+	# since that would cause a warning.
+	library=
+	;;
+      -x*)
+	speclang=$arg
+	;;
+      -v)
+	# catch `g++ -v'
+	if [ $numargs = 1 ] ; then library="" ; fi
+	;;
+      -*)
+	# Pass other options through; they don't need -x and aren't inputs.
+	;;
+      *)
+	# If file ends in .c or .i, put options around it.
+	# But not if a specified -x option is currently active.
+	case "$speclang $arg" in -xnone\ *.[ci])
+	  set "$@" -xc++ "'$arg'" -xnone
+	  continue
+	esac
+	;;
+    esac
+  fi
+  set "$@" "'$arg'"
+done
+
+# Get rid of that initial 1st arg
+if [ $first = no ]; then
+  shift
+else
+  echo "$0: No input files specified."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ x$quote != x ]
+then
+  echo "$0: argument to \`$quote' missing"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+eval $gcc "$@" $library
+
+
diff --git a/gnu/gcc2/cc/gcc.1 b/gnu/gcc2/cc/gcc.1
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..07755f17073b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gnu/gcc2/cc/gcc.1
@@ -0,0 +1,4222 @@
+.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation          -*-Text-*-
+.\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution
+.TH GCC 1 "30apr1993" "GNU Tools" "GNU Tools"
+.de BP
+.sp
+.ti \-.2i
+\(**
+..
+.SH NAME
+gcc, g++ \- GNU project C and C++ Compiler (v2.4)
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.RB gcc " [" \c
+.IR option " | " filename " ].\|.\|.
+.br
+.RB g++ " [" \c
+.IR option " | " filename " ].\|.\|.
+.SH WARNING
+The information in this man page is an extract from the full
+documentation of the GNU C compiler, and is limited to the meaning of
+the options.  This man page is not kept up to date except when
+volunteers want to maintain it.
+
+For complete and current documentation, refer to the Info file `\|\c
+.B gcc\c
+\&\|' or the manual
+.I 
+Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c
+\&.  Both are made from the Texinfo source file
+.BR gcc.texinfo .
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The C and C++ compilers are integrated.  Both process input files
+through one or more of four stages: preprocessing, compilation,
+assembly, and linking.  Source filename suffixes identify the source
+language, but which name you use for the compiler governs default
+assumptions:
+.TP
+.B gcc
+assumes preprocessed (\c
+.B .i\c
+\&) files are C and assumes C style linking.
+.TP
+.B g++
+assumes preprocessed (\c
+.B .i\c
+\&) files are C++ and assumes C++ style linking.
+.PP 
+Suffixes of source file names indicate the language and kind of
+processing to be done:
+
+.ta \w'.cxx 'u
+.B .c\c
+\&	C source; preprocess, compile, assemble 
+.br
+.B .C\c
+\&	C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble
+.br
+.B .cc\c
+\&	C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble
+.br
+.B .cxx\c
+\&	C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble
+.br
+.B .m\c
+\&	Objective-C source; preprocess, compile, assemble
+.br
+.B .i\c
+\&	preprocessed C; compile, assemble
+.br
+.B .ii\c
+\&	preprocessed C++; compile, assemble
+.br
+.B .s\c
+\&	Assembler source; assemble 
+.br
+.B .S\c
+\&	Assembler source; preprocess, assemble 
+.br
+.B .h\c
+\&	Preprocessor file; not usually named on command line
+
+.I ??\c
+\&	Other (unrecognized) files passed to linker. 
+.br
+\&	Common cases:
+.br
+.B .o\c
+\&	Object file
+.br
+.B .a\c
+\&	Archive file
+
+Linking is always the last stage unless you use one of the 
+.BR \-c ,
+.BR \-S ,
+or 
+.B \-E 
+options to avoid it (or unless compilation errors stop the whole
+process).  For the link stage, all 
+.B .o
+files corresponding to source files,
+.B \-l 
+libraries, unrecognized filenames (including named 
+.B .o
+object files and 
+.B .a 
+archives)
+are passed to the linker in command-line order.
+
+.SH OPTIONS
+Options must be separate: `\|\c
+.B \-dr\c
+\&\|' is quite different from `\|\c
+.B \-d \-r
+\&\|'. 
+
+Most `\|\c
+.B \-f\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-W\c
+\&\|' options have two contrary forms: 
+.BI \-f name
+and
+.BI \-fno\- name\c
+\& (or 
+.BI \-W name
+and
+.BI \-Wno\- name\c
+\&). Only the non-default forms are shown here.
+
+Here is a summary of all the options, grouped by type.  Explanations are
+in the following sections.
+
+.hy 0
+.na
+.TP
+.B Overall Options
+.br
+\-c
+\-S
+\-E
+.RI "\-o " file
+\-pipe
+\-v
+.RI "\-x " language
+
+.TP
+.B Language Options
+\-ansi
+\-fall\-virtual
+\-fcond\-mismatch
+\-fdollars\-in\-identifiers
+\-fenum\-int\-equiv
+\-fno\-asm
+\-fno\-builtin
+\-fno\-strict\-prototype
+\-fsigned\-bitfields
+\-fsigned\-char
+\-fthis\-is\-variable
+\-funsigned\-bitfields
+\-funsigned\-char
+\-fwritable\-strings
+\-traditional
+\-traditional\-cpp
+\-trigraphs
+
+.TP
+.B Warning Options
+\-fsyntax\-only
+\-pedantic
+\-pedantic\-errors
+\-w
+\-W
+\-Wall
+\-Waggregate\-return
+\-Wcast\-align
+\-Wcast\-qual
+\-Wchar\-subscript
+\-Wcomment
+\-Wconversion
+\-Wenum\-clash
+\-Werror
+\-Wformat
+.RI \-Wid\-clash\- len
+\-Wimplicit
+\-Winline
+\-Wmissing\-prototypes
+\-Wnested\-externs
+\-Wno\-import
+\-Wparentheses
+\-Wpointer\-arith
+\-Wredundant\-decls
+\-Wreturn\-type
+\-Wshadow
+\-Wstrict\-prototypes
+\-Wswitch
+\-Wtemplate\-debugging
+\-Wtraditional
+\-Wtrigraphs
+\-Wuninitialized
+\-Wunused
+\-Wwrite\-strings
+
+.TP
+.B Debugging Options
+\-a
+.RI \-d letters
+\-fpretend\-float
+\-g
+.RI \-g level
+\-gcoff
+\-gxcoff
+\-gxcoff+
+\-gdwarf
+\-gdwarf+
+\-gstabs
+\-gstabs+
+\-ggdb
+\-p
+\-pg
+\-save\-temps
+\-print\-libgcc\-file\-name
+
+.TP
+.B Optimization Options
+\-fcaller\-saves
+\-fcse\-follow\-jumps
+\-fcse\-skip\-blocks
+\-fdelayed\-branch
+\-felide\-constructors
+\-fexpensive\-optimizations
+\-ffast-\math
+\-ffloat\-store
+\-fforce\-addr
+\-fforce\-mem
+\-finline\-functions
+\-fkeep\-inline\-functions
+\-fmemoize\-lookups
+\-fno\-default\-inline
+\-fno\-defer\-pop
+\-fno\-function\-cse
+\-fno\-inline
+\-fno\-peephole
+\-fomit\-frame\-pointer
+\-frerun\-cse\-after\-loop
+\-fschedule\-insns
+\-fschedule\-insns2
+\-fstrength\-reduce
+\-fthread\-jumps
+\-funroll\-all\-loops
+\-funroll\-loops
+\-O
+\-O2
+
+.TP
+.B Preprocessor Options
+.RI \-A assertion
+\-C
+\-dD
+\-dM
+\-dN
+.RI \-D macro [\|= defn \|]
+\-E
+\-H
+.RI "\-idirafter " dir
+.RI "\-include " file
+.RI "\-imacros " file
+.RI "\-iprefix " file
+.RI "\-iwithprefix " dir
+\-M
+\-MD
+\-MM
+\-MMD
+\-nostdinc
+\-P
+.RI \-U macro
+\-undef
+
+.TP
+.B Assembler Option
+.RI \-Wa, option
+
+.TP
+.B Linker Options
+.RI \-l library
+\-nostartfiles
+\-nostdlib
+\-static
+\-shared
+\-symbolic
+.RI "\-Xlinker\ " option
+.RI \-Wl, option
+.RI "\-u " symbol
+
+.TP
+.B Directory Options
+.RI \-B prefix
+.RI \-I dir
+\-I\-
+.RI \-L dir
+
+.TP
+.B Target Options
+.RI "\-b  " machine
+.RI "\-V " version
+
+.TP
+.B Configuration Dependent Options
+.I M680x0\ Options
+.br
+\-m68000
+\-m68020
+\-m68020\-40
+\-m68030
+\-m68040
+\-m68881
+\-mbitfield
+\-mc68000
+\-mc68020
+\-mfpa
+\-mnobitfield
+\-mrtd
+\-mshort
+\-msoft\-float
+
+.I VAX Options
+.br
+\-mg
+\-mgnu
+\-munix
+
+.I SPARC Options
+.br
+\-mepilogue
+\-mfpu
+\-mhard\-float
+\-mno\-fpu
+\-mno\-epilogue
+\-msoft\-float
+\-msparclite
+\-mv8
+
+.I Convex Options
+.br
+\-margcount
+\-mc1
+\-mc2
+\-mnoargcount
+
+.I AMD29K Options
+.br
+\-m29000
+\-m29050
+\-mbw
+\-mdw
+\-mkernel\-registers
+\-mlarge
+\-mnbw
+\-mnodw
+\-msmall
+\-mstack\-check
+\-muser\-registers
+
+.I M88K Options
+.br
+\-m88000
+\-m88100
+\-m88110
+\-mbig\-pic
+\-mcheck\-zero\-division
+\-mhandle\-large\-shift
+\-midentify\-revision
+\-mno\-check\-zero\-division
+\-mno\-ocs\-debug\-info
+\-mno\-ocs\-frame\-position
+\-mno\-optimize\-arg\-area
+\-mno\-seriazlize\-volatile
+\-mno\-underscores
+\-mocs\-debug\-info
+\-mocs\-frame\-position
+\-moptimize\-arg\-area
+\-mserialize\-volatile
+.RI \-mshort\-data\- num
+\-msvr3
+\-msvr4
+\-mtrap\-large\-shift
+\-muse\-div\-instruction
+\-mversion\-03.00
+\-mwarn\-passed\-structs
+
+.I RS6000 Options
+.br
+\-mfp\-in\-toc
+\-mno\-fop\-in\-toc
+
+.I RT Options
+.br
+\-mcall\-lib\-mul
+\-mfp\-arg\-in\-fpregs
+\-mfp\-arg\-in\-gregs
+\-mfull\-fp\-blocks
+\-mhc\-struct\-return
+\-min\-line\-mul
+\-mminimum\-fp\-blocks
+\-mnohc\-struct\-return
+
+.I MIPS Options
+.br
+\-mcpu=\fIcpu type\fP
+\-mips2
+\-mips3
+\-mint64
+\-mlong64
+\-mlonglong128
+\-mmips\-as
+\-mgas
+\-mrnames
+\-mno\-rnames
+\-mgpopt
+\-mno\-gpopt
+\-mstats
+\-mno\-stats
+\-mmemcpy
+\-mno\-memcpy
+\-mno\-mips\-tfile
+\-mmips\-tfile
+\-msoft\-float
+\-mhard\-float
+\-mabicalls
+\-mno\-abicalls
+\-mhalf\-pic
+\-mno\-half\-pic
+\-G \fInum\fP
+\-nocpp
+
+.I i386 Options
+.br
+\-m486
+\-mno\-486
+\-msoft\-float
+\-mno\-fp\-ret\-in\-387
+
+.I HPPA Options
+.br
+\-mpa\-risc\-1\-0
+\-mpa\-risc\-1\-1
+\-mkernel
+\-mshared\-libs
+\-mno\-shared\-libs
+\-mlong\-calls
+\-mdisable\-fpregs
+\-mdisable\-indexing
+\-mtrailing\-colon
+
+.I i960 Options
+.br
+\-m\fIcpu-type\fP
+\-mnumerics
+\-msoft\-float
+\-mleaf\-procedures
+\-mno\-leaf\-procedures
+\-mtail\-call
+\-mno\-tail\-call
+\-mcomplex\-addr
+\-mno\-complex\-addr
+\-mcode\-align
+\-mno\-code\-align
+\-mic\-compat
+\-mic2.0\-compat
+\-mic3.0\-compat
+\-masm\-compat
+\-mintel\-asm
+\-mstrict\-align
+\-mno\-strict\-align
+\-mold\-align
+\-mno\-old\-align
+
+.I DEC Alpha Options
+.br
+\-mfp\-regs
+\-mno\-fp\-regs
+\-mno\-soft\-float
+\-msoft\-float
+
+.I System V Options
+.br
+\-G
+\-Qy
+\-Qn
+.RI \-YP, paths
+.RI \-Ym, dir
+
+.TP
+.B Code Generation Options
+.RI \-fcall\-saved\- reg
+.RI \-fcall\-used\- reg
+.RI \-ffixed\- reg
+\-finhibit\-size\-directive
+\-fnonnull\-objects
+\-fno\-common
+\-fno\-ident
+\-fno\-gnu\-linker
+\-fpcc\-struct\-return
+\-fpic
+\-fPIC
+\-freg\-struct\-returno
+\-fshared\-data
+\-fshort\-enums
+\-fshort\-double
+\-fvolatile
+\-fvolatile\-global
+\-fverbose\-asm
+.ad b
+.hy 1
+
+.SH OVERALL OPTIONS
+.TP
+.BI "\-x " "language"
+Specify explicitly the 
+.I language\c
+\& for the following input files (rather than choosing a default based
+on the file name suffix) .  This option applies to all following input
+files until the next `\|\c
+.B \-x\c
+\&\|' option.  Possible values of \c
+.I language\c
+\& are
+`\|\c
+.B c\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B objective\-c\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B c\-header\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B c++\c
+\&\|',
+`\|\c
+.B cpp\-output\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B assembler\c
+\&\|', and `\|\c
+.B assembler\-with\-cpp\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-x none
+Turn off any specification of a language, so that subsequent files are
+handled according to their file name suffixes (as they are if `\|\c
+.B \-x\c
+\&\|'
+has not been used at all).
+.PP
+
+If you want only some of the four stages (preprocess, compile,
+assemble, link), you can use
+`\|\c
+.B \-x\c
+\&\|' (or filename suffixes) to tell \c
+.B gcc\c
+\& where to start, and
+one of the options `\|\c
+.B \-c\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B \-S\c
+\&\|', or `\|\c
+.B \-E\c
+\&\|' to say where
+\c
+.B gcc\c
+\& is to stop.  Note that some combinations (for example,
+`\|\c
+.B \-x cpp\-output \-E\c
+\&\|') instruct \c
+.B gcc\c
+\& to do nothing at all.
+.TP
+.B \-c
+Compile or assemble the source files, but do not link.  The compiler
+output is an object file corresponding to each source file.
+
+By default, GCC makes the object file name for a source file by replacing
+the suffix `\|\c
+.B .c\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B .i\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B .s\c
+\&\|', etc., with `\|\c
+.B .o\c
+\&\|'.  Use
+.B \-o\c
+\& to select another name.
+
+GCC ignores any unrecognized input files (those that do not require
+compilation or assembly) with the
+.B \-c
+option.
+.TP
+.B \-S
+Stop after the stage of compilation proper; do not assemble.  The output
+is an assembler code file for each non-assembler input
+file specified.
+
+By default, GCC makes the assembler file name for a source file by
+replacing the suffix `\|\c
+.B .c\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B .i\c
+\&\|', etc., with `\|\c
+.B .s\c
+\&\|'.  Use
+.B \-o\c
+\& to select another name.
+
+
+GCC ignores any input files that don't require compilation.
+.TP
+.B \-E
+Stop after the preprocessing stage; do not run the compiler proper.  The
+output is preprocessed source code, which is sent to the
+standard output.
+
+GCC ignores input files which don't require preprocessing.
+.TP
+.BI "\-o " file\c
+\&
+Place output in file \c
+.I file\c
+\&.  This applies regardless to whatever
+sort of output GCC is producing, whether it be an executable file,
+an object file, an assembler file or preprocessed C code.
+
+Since only one output file can be specified, it does not make sense to
+use `\|\c
+.B \-o\c
+\&\|' when compiling more than one input file, unless you are
+producing an executable file as output.
+
+If you do not specify `\|\c
+.B \-o\c
+\&\|', the default is to put an executable file
+in `\|\c
+.B a.out\c
+\&\|', the object file for `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I source\c
+\&.\c
+.I suffix\c
+\&\c
+\&\|' in
+`\|\c
+.B \c
+.I source\c
+\&.o\c
+\&\|', its assembler file in `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I source\c
+\&.s\c
+\&\|', and
+all preprocessed C source on standard output.
+.TP
+.B \-v
+Print (on standard error output) the commands executed to run the stages
+of compilation.  Also print the version number of the compiler driver
+program and of the preprocessor and the compiler proper.
+.TP
+.B \-pipe
+Use pipes rather than temporary files for communication between the
+various stages of compilation.  This fails to work on some systems where
+the assembler cannot read from a pipe; but the GNU assembler has
+no trouble.
+.PP
+
+.SH LANGUAGE OPTIONS
+The following options control the dialect of C that the compiler
+accepts:
+.TP
+.B \-ansi
+Support all ANSI standard C programs.  
+
+This turns off certain features of GNU C that are incompatible with
+ANSI C, such as the \c
+.B asm\c
+\&, \c
+.B inline\c
+\& and \c
+.B typeof\c
+\&
+keywords, and predefined macros such as \c
+.B unix\c
+\& and \c
+.B vax\c
+\&
+that identify the type of system you are using.  It also enables the
+undesirable and rarely used ANSI trigraph feature, and disallows `\|\c
+.B $\c
+\&\|' as part of identifiers.
+
+The alternate keywords \c
+.B __asm__\c
+\&, \c
+.B __extension__\c
+\&,
+\c
+.B __inline__\c
+\& and \c
+.B __typeof__\c
+\& continue to work despite
+`\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|'.  You would not want to use them in an ANSI C program, of
+course, but it is useful to put them in header files that might be included
+in compilations done with `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|'.  Alternate predefined macros
+such as \c
+.B __unix__\c
+\& and \c
+.B __vax__\c
+\& are also available, with or
+without `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|'.
+
+The `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|' option does not cause non-ANSI programs to be
+rejected gratuitously.  For that, `\|\c
+.B \-pedantic\c
+\&\|' is required in
+addition to `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|'.  
+
+The preprocessor predefines a macro \c
+.B __STRICT_ANSI__\c
+\& when you use the `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|'
+option.  Some header files may notice this macro and refrain
+from declaring certain functions or defining certain macros that the
+ANSI standard doesn't call for; this is to avoid interfering with any
+programs that might use these names for other things.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-asm
+Do not recognize \c
+.B asm\c
+\&, \c
+.B inline\c
+\& or \c
+.B typeof\c
+\& as a
+keyword.  These words may then be used as identifiers.  You can
+use \c
+.B __asm__\c
+\&, \c
+.B __inline__\c
+\& and \c
+.B __typeof__\c
+\& instead.
+`\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|' implies `\|\c
+.B \-fno\-asm\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-builtin
+Don't recognize built-in functions that do not begin with two leading
+underscores. Currently, the functions affected include \c
+.B _exit\c
+\&,
+\c
+.B abort\c
+\&, \c
+.B abs\c
+\&, \c
+.B alloca\c
+\&, \c
+.B cos\c
+\&, \c
+.B exit\c
+\&,
+\c
+.B fabs\c
+\&, \c
+.B labs\c
+\&, \c
+.B memcmp\c
+\&, \c
+.B memcpy\c
+\&, \c
+.B sin\c
+\&,
+\c
+.B sqrt\c
+\&, \c
+.B strcmp\c
+\&, \c
+.B strcpy\c
+\&, and \c
+.B strlen\c
+\&.
+
+The `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|' option prevents \c
+.B alloca\c
+\& and \c
+.B _exit\c
+\& from
+being builtin functions.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-strict\-prototype
+Treat a function declaration with no arguments, such as `\|\c
+.B int foo
+();\c
+\&\|', as C would treat it\(em\&as saying nothing about the number of
+arguments or their types (C++ only).  Normally, such a declaration in
+C++ means that the function \c
+.B foo\c
+\& takes no arguments.
+.TP
+.B \-trigraphs
+Support ANSI C trigraphs.  The `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|' option implies `\|\c
+.B \-trigraphs\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-traditional
+Attempt to support some aspects of traditional C compilers.
+For details, see the GNU C Manual; the duplicate list here
+has been deleted so that we won't get complaints when it
+is out of date.
+
+But one note about C++ programs only (not C).  `\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|' has one additional effect for C++: assignment to 
+.B this
+is permitted.  This is the same as the effect of `\|\c
+.B \-fthis\-is\-variable\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-traditional\-cpp
+Attempt to support some aspects of traditional C preprocessors.
+This includes the items that specifically mention the preprocessor above,
+but none of the other effects of `\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-fdollars\-in\-identifiers
+Permit the use of `\|\c
+.B $\c
+\&\|' in identifiers (C++ only).  You can also use
+`\|\c
+.B \-fno\-dollars\-in\-identifiers\c
+\&\|' to explicitly prohibit use of
+`\|\c
+.B $\c
+\&\|'.  (GNU C++ allows `\|\c
+.B $\c
+\&\|' by default on some target systems
+but not others.)
+.TP
+.B \-fenum\-int\-equiv
+Permit implicit conversion of \c
+.B int\c
+\& to enumeration types (C++
+only).  Normally GNU C++ allows conversion of \c
+.B enum\c
+\& to \c
+.B int\c
+\&,
+but not the other way around.
+.TP
+.B \-fall\-virtual
+Treat all possible member functions as virtual, implicitly.  All
+member functions (except for constructor functions and
+.B new
+or
+.B delete
+member operators) are treated as virtual functions of the class where
+they appear.
+
+This does not mean that all calls to these member functions will be
+made through the internal table of virtual functions.  Under some
+circumstances, the compiler can determine that a call to a given
+virtual function can be made directly; in these cases the calls are
+direct in any case.
+.TP
+.B \-fcond\-mismatch
+Allow conditional expressions with mismatched types in the second and
+third arguments.  The value of such an expression is void.
+.TP
+.B \-fthis\-is\-variable
+Permit assignment to \c
+.B this\c
+\& (C++ only).  The incorporation of
+user-defined free store management into C++ has made assignment to
+`\|\c
+.B this\c
+\&\|' an anachronism.  Therefore, by default it is invalid to
+assign to \c
+.B this\c
+\& within a class member function.  However, for
+backwards compatibility, you can make it valid with
+`\|\c
+.B \-fthis-is-variable\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-funsigned\-char
+Let the type \c
+.B char\c
+\& be unsigned, like \c
+.B unsigned char\c
+\&.
+
+Each kind of machine has a default for what \c
+.B char\c
+\& should
+be.  It is either like \c
+.B unsigned char\c
+\& by default or like
+\c
+.B signed char\c
+\& by default.
+
+Ideally, a portable program should always use \c
+.B signed char\c
+\& or
+\c
+.B unsigned char\c
+\& when it depends on the signedness of an object.
+But many programs have been written to use plain \c
+.B char\c
+\& and
+expect it to be signed, or expect it to be unsigned, depending on the
+machines they were written for.  This option, and its inverse, let you
+make such a program work with the opposite default.
+
+The type \c
+.B char\c
+\& is always a distinct type from each of
+\c
+.B signed char\c
+\& and \c
+.B unsigned char\c
+\&, even though its behavior
+is always just like one of those two.
+
+.TP
+.B \-fsigned\-char
+Let the type \c
+.B char\c
+\& be signed, like \c
+.B signed char\c
+\&.
+
+Note that this is equivalent to `\|\c
+.B \-fno\-unsigned\-char\c
+\&\|', which is
+the negative form of `\|\c
+.B \-funsigned\-char\c
+\&\|'.  Likewise,
+`\|\c
+.B \-fno\-signed\-char\c
+\&\|' is equivalent to `\|\c
+.B \-funsigned\-char\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-fsigned\-bitfields
+.TP
+.B \-funsigned\-bitfields
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-signed\-bitfields
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-unsigned\-bitfields
+These options control whether a bitfield is
+signed or unsigned, when declared with no explicit `\|\c
+.B signed\c
+\&\|' or `\|\c
+.B unsigned\c
+\&\|' qualifier.  By default, such a bitfield is
+signed, because this is consistent: the basic integer types such as
+\c
+.B int\c
+\& are signed types.
+
+However, when you specify `\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|', bitfields are all unsigned
+no matter what.
+.TP
+.B \-fwritable\-strings
+Store string constants in the writable data segment and don't uniquize
+them.  This is for compatibility with old programs which assume they
+can write into string constants.  `\|\c
+.B \-traditional\c
+\&\|' also has this
+effect.
+
+Writing into string constants is a very bad idea; ``constants'' should
+be constant.
+.PP
+
+.SH PREPROCESSOR OPTIONS
+These options control the C preprocessor, which is run on each C source
+file before actual compilation.
+
+If you use the `\|\c
+.B \-E\c
+\&\|' option, GCC does nothing except preprocessing.
+Some of these options make sense only together with `\|\c
+.B \-E\c
+\&\|' because
+they cause the preprocessor output to be unsuitable for actual
+compilation.
+.TP
+.BI "\-include " "file"
+Process \c
+.I file\c
+\& as input before processing the regular input file.
+In effect, the contents of \c
+.I file\c
+\& are compiled first.  Any `\|\c
+.B \-D\c
+\&\|'
+and `\|\c
+.B \-U\c
+\&\|' options on the command line are always processed before
+`\|\c
+.B \-include \c
+.I file\c
+\&\c
+\&\|', regardless of the order in which they are
+written.  All the `\|\c
+.B \-include\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-imacros\c
+\&\|' options are
+processed in the order in which they are written.
+.TP
+.BI "\-imacros " file
+Process \c
+.I file\c
+\& as input, discarding the resulting output, before
+processing the regular input file.  Because the output generated from
+\c
+.I file\c
+\& is discarded, the only effect of `\|\c
+.B \-imacros \c
+.I file\c
+\&\c
+\&\|' is to
+make the macros defined in \c
+.I file\c
+\& available for use in the main
+input.  The preprocessor evaluates any `\|\c
+.B \-D\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-U\c
+\&\|' options
+on the command line before processing `\|\c
+.B \-imacros\c
+.I file\c
+\&\|', regardless of the order in
+which they are written.  All the `\|\c
+.B \-include\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-imacros\c
+\&\|'
+options are processed in the order in which they are written.
+.TP
+.BI "-idirafter " "dir"\c
+\&
+Add the directory \c
+.I dir\c
+\& to the second include path.  The directories
+on the second include path are searched when a header file is not found
+in any of the directories in the main include path (the one that
+`\|\c
+.B \-I\c
+\&\|' adds to).
+.TP
+.BI "-iprefix " "prefix"\c
+\&
+Specify \c
+.I prefix\c
+\& as the prefix for subsequent `\|\c
+.B \-iwithprefix\c
+\&\|'
+options.
+.TP
+.BI "-iwithprefix " "dir"\c
+\&
+Add a directory to the second include path.  The directory's name is
+made by concatenating \c
+.I prefix\c
+\& and \c
+.I dir\c
+\&, where \c
+.I prefix\c
+\&
+was specified previously with `\|\c
+.B \-iprefix\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-nostdinc
+Do not search the standard system directories for header files.  Only
+the directories you have specified with `\|\c
+.B \-I\c
+\&\|' options (and the
+current directory, if appropriate) are searched.   
+
+By using both `\|\c
+.B \-nostdinc\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-I\-\c
+\&\|', you can limit the include-file search file to only those
+directories you specify explicitly.
+.TP
+.B \-nostdinc++
+Do not search for header files in the C++-specific standard directories,
+but do still search the other standard directories.
+(This option is used when building `\|\c
+.B libg++\c
+\&\|'.)
+.TP
+.B \-undef
+Do not predefine any nonstandard macros.  (Including architecture flags).
+.TP
+.B \-E
+Run only the C preprocessor.  Preprocess all the C source files
+specified and output the results to standard output or to the
+specified output file.
+.TP
+.B \-C
+Tell the preprocessor not to discard comments.  Used with the
+`\|\c
+.B \-E\c
+\&\|' option.
+.TP
+.B \-P
+Tell the preprocessor not to generate `\|\c
+.B #line\c
+\&\|' commands.
+Used with the `\|\c
+.B \-E\c
+\&\|' option.
+.TP
+.B \-M
+Tell the preprocessor to output a rule suitable for \c
+.B make\c
+\&
+describing the dependencies of each object file.  For each source file,
+the preprocessor outputs one \c
+.B make\c
+\&-rule whose target is the object
+file name for that source file and whose dependencies are all the files
+`\|\c
+.B #include\c
+\&\|'d in it.  This rule may be a single line or may be
+continued with `\|\c
+.B \e\c
+\&\|'-newline if it is long.  The list of rules is
+printed on standard output instead of the preprocessed C program.
+
+`\|\c
+.B \-M\c
+\&\|' implies `\|\c
+.B \-E\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-MM
+Like `\|\c
+.B \-M\c
+\&\|' but the output mentions only the user header files
+included with `\|\c
+.B #include "\c
+.I file\c
+\&"\c
+\&\|'.  System header files
+included with `\|\c
+.B #include <\c
+.I file\c
+\&>\c
+\&\|' are omitted.
+.TP
+.B \-MD
+Like `\|\c
+.B \-M\c
+\&\|' but the dependency information is written to files with
+names made by replacing `\|\c
+.B .o\c
+\&\|' with `\|\c
+.B .d\c
+\&\|' at the end of the
+output file names.  This is in addition to compiling the file as
+specified\(em\&`\|\c
+.B \-MD\c
+\&\|' does not inhibit ordinary compilation the way
+`\|\c
+.B \-M\c
+\&\|' does.
+
+The Mach utility `\|\c
+.B md\c
+\&\|' can be used to merge the `\|\c
+.B .d\c
+\&\|' files
+into a single dependency file suitable for using with the `\|\c
+.B make\c
+\&\|'
+command.
+.TP
+.B \-MMD
+Like `\|\c
+.B \-MD\c
+\&\|' except mention only user header files, not system
+header files.
+.TP
+.B \-H
+Print the name of each header file used, in addition to other normal
+activities.
+.TP
+.BI "-A" "question" ( answer )
+Assert the answer
+.I answer
+for
+.I question\c
+\&, in case it is tested
+with a preprocessor conditional such as `\|\c
+.BI "#if #" question ( answer )\c
+\&\|'.  `\|\c
+.B \-A\-\c
+\&\|' disables the standard
+assertions that normally describe the target machine.
+.TP
+.BI "-A" "question"\c
+\&(\c
+.I answer\c
+\&)
+Assert the answer \c
+.I answer\c
+\& for \c
+.I question\c
+\&, in case it is tested
+with a preprocessor conditional such as `\|\c
+.B #if
+#\c
+.I question\c
+\&(\c
+.I answer\c
+\&)\c
+\&\|'.  `\|\c
+.B \-A-\c
+\&\|' disables the standard
+assertions that normally describe the target machine.
+.TP
+.BI \-D macro
+Define macro \c
+.I macro\c
+\& with the string `\|\c
+.B 1\c
+\&\|' as its definition.
+.TP
+.BI \-D macro = defn
+Define macro \c
+.I macro\c
+\& as \c
+.I defn\c
+\&.    All instances of `\|\c
+.B \-D\c
+\&\|' on
+the command line are processed before any `\|\c
+.B \-U\c
+\&\|' options.
+.TP
+.BI \-U macro
+Undefine macro \c
+.I macro\c
+\&.  `\|\c
+.B \-U\c
+\&\|' options are evaluated after all `\|\c
+.B \-D\c
+\&\|' options, but before any `\|\c
+.B \-include\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-imacros\c
+\&\|' options.
+.TP
+.B \-dM
+Tell the preprocessor to output only a list of the macro definitions
+that are in effect at the end of preprocessing.  Used with the `\|\c
+.B \-E\c
+\&\|'
+option.
+.TP
+.B \-dD
+Tell the preprocessor to pass all macro definitions into the output, in
+their proper sequence in the rest of the output.
+.TP
+.B \-dN
+Like `\|\c
+.B \-dD\c
+\&\|' except that the macro arguments and contents are omitted.
+Only `\|\c
+.B #define \c
+.I name\c
+\&\c
+\&\|' is included in the output.
+.PP
+
+.SH ASSEMBLER OPTION
+.TP
+.BI "-Wa," "option"\c
+\&
+Pass \c
+.I option\c
+\& as an option to the assembler.  If \c
+.I option\c
+\&
+contains commas, it is split into multiple options at the commas.
+.PP
+
+.SH LINKER OPTIONS
+These options come into play when the compiler links object files into
+an executable output file.  They are meaningless if the compiler is
+not doing a link step.
+.TP
+.I object-file-name
+A file name that does not end in a special recognized suffix is
+considered to name an object file or library.  (Object files are
+distinguished from libraries by the linker according to the file
+contents.)  If GCC does a link step, these object files are used as input
+to the linker.
+.TP
+.BI \-l library\c
+\&
+Use the library named \c
+.I library\c
+\& when linking.
+
+The linker searches a standard list of directories for the library,
+which is actually a file named `\|\c
+.B lib\c
+.I library\c
+\&.a\c
+\&\|'.  The linker
+then uses this file as if it had been specified precisely by name.
+
+The directories searched include several standard system directories
+plus any that you specify with `\|\c
+.B \-L\c
+\&\|'.
+
+Normally the files found this way are library files\(em\&archive files
+whose members are object files.  The linker handles an archive file by
+scanning through it for members which define symbols that have so far
+been referenced but not defined.  However, if the linker finds an
+ordinary object file rather than a library, the object file is linked
+in the usual fashion.  The only difference between using an `\|\c
+.B \-l\c
+\&\|' option and specifying a file
+name is that `\|\c
+.B \-l\c
+\&\|' surrounds 
+.I library
+with `\|\c
+.B lib\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B .a\c
+\&\|' and searches several directories.
+.TP
+.B \-lobjc
+You need this special case of the
+.B \-l
+option in order to link an Objective C program.
+.TP
+.B \-nostartfiles
+Do not use the standard system startup files when linking.
+The standard libraries are used normally.
+.TP
+.B \-nostdlib
+Don't use the standard system libraries and startup files when linking.
+Only the files you specify will be passed to the linker.
+.TP
+.B \-static
+On systems that support dynamic linking, this prevents linking with the shared
+libraries.  On other systems, this option has no effect.
+.TP
+.B \-shared
+Produce a shared object which can then be linked with other objects to
+form an executable.  Only a few systems support this option.
+.TP
+.B \-symbolic
+Bind references to global symbols when building a shared object.  Warn
+about any unresolved references (unless overridden by the link editor
+option `\|\c
+.B
+\-Xlinker \-z \-Xlinker defs\c
+\&\|').  Only a few systems support
+this option.
+.TP
+.BI "-Xlinker " "option"
+Pass \c
+.I option
+as an option to the linker.  You can use this to
+supply system-specific linker options which GNU CC does not know how to
+recognize.
+
+If you want to pass an option that takes an argument, you must use
+`\|\c
+.B \-Xlinker\c
+\&\|' twice, once for the option and once for the argument.
+For example, to pass `\|\c
+.B
+\-assert definitions\c
+\&\|', you must write
+`\|\c
+.B
+\-Xlinker \-assert \-Xlinker definitions\c
+\&\|'.  It does not work to write
+`\|\c
+.B
+\-Xlinker "-assert definitions"\c
+\&\|', because this passes the entire
+string as a single argument, which is not what the linker expects.
+.TP
+.BI "-Wl," "option"\c
+\&
+Pass \c
+.I option\c
+\& as an option to the linker.  If \c
+.I option\c
+\& contains
+commas, it is split into multiple options at the commas.
+.TP
+.BI "-u " "symbol"
+Pretend the symbol
+.I symbol
+is undefined, to force linking of
+library modules to define it.  You can use `\|\c
+.B \-u\c
+\&\|' multiple times with
+different symbols to force loading of additional library modules.
+.PP
+
+.SH DIRECTORY OPTIONS
+These options specify directories to search for header files, for
+libraries and for parts of the compiler:
+.TP
+.BI "\-I" "dir"\c
+\&
+Append directory \c
+.I dir\c
+\& to the list of directories searched for include files.
+.TP
+.B \-I\-
+Any directories you specify with `\|\c
+.B \-I\c
+\&\|' options before the `\|\c
+.B \-I\-\c
+\&\|'
+option are searched only for the case of `\|\c
+.B 
+#include "\c
+.I file\c
+.B
+\&"\c
+\&\|';
+they are not searched for `\|\c
+.B #include <\c
+.I file\c
+\&>\c
+\&\|'.
+
+If additional directories are specified with `\|\c
+.B \-I\c
+\&\|' options after
+the `\|\c
+.B \-I\-\c
+\&\|', these directories are searched for all `\|\c
+.B #include\c
+\&\|'
+directives.  (Ordinarily \c
+.I all\c
+\& `\|\c
+.B \-I\c
+\&\|' directories are used
+this way.)
+
+In addition, the `\|\c
+.B \-I\-\c
+\&\|' option inhibits the use of the current
+directory (where the current input file came from) as the first search
+directory for `\|\c
+.B 
+#include "\c
+.I file\c
+.B
+\&"\c
+\&\|'.  There is no way to
+override this effect of `\|\c
+.B \-I\-\c
+\&\|'.  With `\|\c
+.B \-I.\c
+\&\|' you can specify
+searching the directory which was current when the compiler was
+invoked.  That is not exactly the same as what the preprocessor does
+by default, but it is often satisfactory.
+
+`\|\c
+.B \-I\-\c
+\&\|' does not inhibit the use of the standard system directories
+for header files.  Thus, `\|\c
+.B \-I\-\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-nostdinc\c
+\&\|' are
+independent.
+.TP
+.BI "\-L" "dir"\c
+\&
+Add directory \c
+.I dir\c
+\& to the list of directories to be searched
+for `\|\c
+.B \-l\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.BI "\-B" "prefix"\c
+\&
+This option specifies where to find the executables, libraries and
+data files of the compiler itself.
+
+The compiler driver program runs one or more of the subprograms
+`\|\c
+.B cpp\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B cc1\c
+\&\|' (or, for C++, `\|\c
+.B cc1plus\c
+\&\|'), `\|\c
+.B as\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B ld\c
+\&\|'.  It tries
+\c
+.I prefix\c
+\& as a prefix for each program it tries to run, both with and
+without `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I machine\c
+\&/\c
+.I version\c
+\&/\c
+\&\|'.
+
+For each subprogram to be run, the compiler driver first tries the
+`\|\c
+.B \-B\c
+\&\|' prefix, if any.  If that name is not found, or if `\|\c
+.B \-B\c
+\&\|'
+was not specified, the driver tries two standard prefixes, which are
+`\|\c
+.B /usr/lib/gcc/\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/\c
+\&\|'.  If neither of
+those results in a file name that is found, the compiler driver
+searches for the unmodified program
+name, using the directories specified in your
+`\|\c
+.B PATH\c
+\&\|' environment variable.
+
+The run-time support file `\|\c
+.B libgcc.a\c
+\&\|' is also searched for using the
+`\|\c
+.B \-B\c
+\&\|' prefix, if needed.  If it is not found there, the two
+standard prefixes above are tried, and that is all.  The file is left
+out of the link if it is not found by those means.  Most of the time,
+on most machines, `\|\c
+.B libgcc.a\c
+\&\|' is not actually necessary.
+
+You can get a similar result from the environment variable
+\c
+.B GCC_EXEC_PREFIX\c
+\&; if it is defined, its value is used as a prefix
+in the same way.  If both the `\|\c
+.B \-B\c
+\&\|' option and the
+\c
+.B GCC_EXEC_PREFIX\c
+\& variable are present, the `\|\c
+.B \-B\c
+\&\|' option is
+used first and the environment variable value second.
+.PP
+
+.SH WARNING OPTIONS
+Warnings are diagnostic messages that report constructions which
+are not inherently erroneous but which are risky or suggest there
+may have been an error.
+
+These options control the amount and kinds of warnings produced by GNU
+CC:
+.TP
+.B \-fsyntax\-only
+Check the code for syntax errors, but don't emit any output.
+.TP
+.B \-w
+Inhibit all warning messages.
+.TP
+.B \-Wno\-import
+Inhibit warning messages about the use of
+.BR #import .
+.TP
+.B \-pedantic
+Issue all the warnings demanded by strict ANSI standard C; reject
+all programs that use forbidden extensions.
+
+Valid ANSI standard C programs should compile properly with or without
+this option (though a rare few will require `\|\c
+.B \-ansi\c
+\&\|').  However,
+without this option, certain GNU extensions and traditional C features
+are supported as well.  With this option, they are rejected.  There is
+no reason to \c
+.I use\c
+\& this option; it exists only to satisfy pedants.
+
+`\|\c
+.B \-pedantic\c
+\&\|' does not cause warning messages for use of the
+alternate keywords whose names begin and end with `\|\c
+.B __\c
+\&\|'.  Pedantic
+warnings are also disabled in the expression that follows
+\c
+.B __extension__\c
+\&.  However, only system header files should use
+these escape routes; application programs should avoid them.
+.TP
+.B \-pedantic\-errors
+Like `\|\c
+.B \-pedantic\c
+\&\|', except that errors are produced rather than
+warnings.
+.TP
+.B \-W
+Print extra warning messages for these events:
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+A nonvolatile automatic variable might be changed by a call to
+\c
+.B longjmp\c
+\&.  These warnings are possible only in
+optimizing compilation.
+
+The compiler sees only the calls to \c
+.B setjmp\c
+\&.  It cannot know
+where \c
+.B longjmp\c
+\& will be called; in fact, a signal handler could
+call it at any point in the code.  As a result, you may get a warning
+even when there is in fact no problem because \c
+.B longjmp\c
+\& cannot
+in fact be called at the place which would cause a problem.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+A function can return either with or without a value.  (Falling
+off the end of the function body is considered returning without
+a value.)  For example, this function would evoke such a
+warning:
+.sp
+.br
+foo\ (a)
+.br
+{
+.br
+\ \ if\ (a\ >\ 0)
+.br
+\ \ \ \ return\ a;
+.br
+}
+.br
+.sp
+
+Spurious warnings can occur because GNU CC does not realize that
+certain functions (including \c
+.B abort\c
+\& and \c
+.B longjmp\c
+\&)
+will never return.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+An expression-statement contains no side effects.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+An unsigned value is compared against zero with `\|\c
+.B >\c
+\&\|' or `\|\c
+.B <=\c
+\&\|'.
+.PP
+.TP
+.B \-Wimplicit
+Warn whenever a function or parameter is implicitly declared.
+.TP
+.B \-Wreturn\-type
+Warn whenever a function is defined with a return-type that defaults
+to \c
+.B int\c
+\&.  Also warn about any \c
+.B return\c
+\& statement with no
+return-value in a function whose return-type is not \c
+.B void\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-Wunused
+Warn whenever a local variable is unused aside from its declaration,
+whenever a function is declared static but never defined, and whenever
+a statement computes a result that is explicitly not used.
+.TP
+.B \-Wswitch
+Warn whenever a \c
+.B switch\c
+\& statement has an index of enumeral type
+and lacks a \c
+.B case\c
+\& for one or more of the named codes of that
+enumeration.  (The presence of a \c
+.B default\c
+\& label prevents this
+warning.)  \c
+.B case\c
+\& labels outside the enumeration range also
+provoke warnings when this option is used.
+.TP
+.B \-Wcomment
+Warn whenever a comment-start sequence `\|\c
+.B /*\c
+\&\|' appears in a comment.
+.TP
+.B \-Wtrigraphs
+Warn if any trigraphs are encountered (assuming they are enabled).
+.TP
+.B \-Wformat
+Check calls to \c
+.B printf\c
+\& and \c
+.B scanf\c
+\&, etc., to make sure that
+the arguments supplied have types appropriate to the format string
+specified.
+.TP
+.B \-Wchar\-subscripts
+Warn if an array subscript has type
+.BR char .
+This is a common cause of error, as programmers often forget that this
+type is signed on some machines.
+.TP
+.B \-Wuninitialized
+An automatic variable is used without first being initialized.
+
+These warnings are possible only in optimizing compilation,
+because they require data flow information that is computed only
+when optimizing.  If you don't specify `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|', you simply won't
+get these warnings.
+
+These warnings occur only for variables that are candidates for
+register allocation.  Therefore, they do not occur for a variable that
+is declared \c
+.B volatile\c
+\&, or whose address is taken, or whose size
+is other than 1, 2, 4 or 8 bytes.  Also, they do not occur for
+structures, unions or arrays, even when they are in registers.
+
+Note that there may be no warning about a variable that is used only
+to compute a value that itself is never used, because such
+computations may be deleted by data flow analysis before the warnings
+are printed.
+
+These warnings are made optional because GNU CC is not smart
+enough to see all the reasons why the code might be correct
+despite appearing to have an error.  Here is one example of how
+this can happen:
+
+.sp
+.br
+{
+.br
+\ \ int\ x;
+.br
+\ \ switch\ (y)
+.br
+\ \ \ \ {
+.br
+\ \ \ \ case\ 1:\ x\ =\ 1;
+.br
+\ \ \ \ \ \ break;
+.br
+\ \ \ \ case\ 2:\ x\ =\ 4;
+.br
+\ \ \ \ \ \ break;
+.br
+\ \ \ \ case\ 3:\ x\ =\ 5;
+.br
+\ \ \ \ }
+.br
+\ \ foo\ (x);
+.br
+}
+.br
+.sp
+
+
+If the value of \c
+.B y\c
+\& is always 1, 2 or 3, then \c
+.B x\c
+\& is
+always initialized, but GNU CC doesn't know this.  Here is
+another common case:
+
+.sp
+.br
+{
+.br
+\ \ int\ save_y;
+.br
+\ \ if\ (change_y)\ save_y\ =\ y,\ y\ =\ new_y;
+.br
+\ \ .\|.\|.
+.br
+\ \ if\ (change_y)\ y\ =\ save_y;
+.br
+}
+.br
+.sp
+
+
+This has no bug because \c
+.B save_y\c
+\& is used only if it is set.
+
+Some spurious warnings can be avoided if you declare as
+\c
+.B volatile\c
+\& all the functions you use that never return.
+.TP
+.B \-Wparentheses
+Warn if parentheses are omitted in certain contexts.
+.TP
+.B \-Wtemplate\-debugging
+When using templates in a C++ program, warn if debugging is not yet
+fully available (C++ only).
+.TP
+.B \-Wall
+All of the above `\|\c
+.B \-W\c
+\&\|' options combined.  These are all the
+options which pertain to usage that we recommend avoiding and that we
+believe is easy to avoid, even in conjunction with macros.
+.PP
+
+The remaining `\|\c
+.B \-W.\|.\|.\c
+\&\|' options are not implied by `\|\c
+.B \-Wall\c
+\&\|'
+because they warn about constructions that we consider reasonable to
+use, on occasion, in clean programs.
+.TP
+.B \-Wtraditional
+Warn about certain constructs that behave differently in traditional and
+ANSI C.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+Macro arguments occurring within string constants in the macro body.
+These would substitute the argument in traditional C, but are part of
+the constant in ANSI C.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+A function declared external in one block and then used after the end of
+the block.
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+A \c
+.B switch\c
+\& statement has an operand of type \c
+.B long\c
+\&.
+.PP
+.TP
+.B \-Wshadow
+Warn whenever a local variable shadows another local variable.
+.TP
+.BI "\-Wid\-clash\-" "len"\c
+\&
+Warn whenever two distinct identifiers match in the first \c
+.I len\c
+\&
+characters.  This may help you prepare a program that will compile
+with certain obsolete, brain-damaged compilers.
+.TP
+.B \-Wpointer\-arith
+Warn about anything that depends on the ``size of'' a function type or
+of \c
+.B void\c
+\&.  GNU C assigns these types a size of 1, for
+convenience in calculations with \c
+.B void *\c
+\& pointers and pointers
+to functions.
+.TP
+.B \-Wcast\-qual
+Warn whenever a pointer is cast so as to remove a type qualifier from
+the target type.  For example, warn if a \c
+.B const char *\c
+\& is cast
+to an ordinary \c
+.B char *\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-Wcast\-align
+Warn whenever a pointer is cast such that the required alignment of the
+target is increased.  For example, warn if a \c
+.B char *\c
+\& is cast to
+an \c
+.B int *\c
+\& on machines where integers can only be accessed at
+two- or four-byte boundaries.
+.TP
+.B \-Wwrite\-strings
+Give string constants the type \c
+.B const char[\c
+.I length\c
+\&]\c
+\& so that
+copying the address of one into a non-\c
+.B const\c
+\& \c
+.B char *\c
+\&
+pointer will get a warning.  These warnings will help you find at
+compile time code that can try to write into a string constant, but
+only if you have been very careful about using \c
+.B const\c
+\& in
+declarations and prototypes.  Otherwise, it will just be a nuisance;
+this is why we did not make `\|\c
+.B \-Wall\c
+\&\|' request these warnings.
+.TP
+.B \-Wconversion
+Warn if a prototype causes a type conversion that is different from what
+would happen to the same argument in the absence of a prototype.  This
+includes conversions of fixed point to floating and vice versa, and
+conversions changing the width or signedness of a fixed point argument
+except when the same as the default promotion.
+.TP
+.B \-Waggregate\-return
+Warn if any functions that return structures or unions are defined or
+called.  (In languages where you can return an array, this also elicits
+a warning.)
+.TP
+.B \-Wstrict\-prototypes
+Warn if a function is declared or defined without specifying the
+argument types.  (An old-style function definition is permitted without
+a warning if preceded by a declaration which specifies the argument
+types.)
+.TP
+.B \-Wmissing\-prototypes
+Warn if a global function is defined without a previous prototype
+declaration.  This warning is issued even if the definition itself
+provides a prototype.  The aim is to detect global functions that fail
+to be declared in header files.
+.TP
+.B \-Wredundant-decls
+Warn if anything is declared more than once in the same scope, even in
+cases where multiple declaration is valid and changes nothing.
+.TP
+.B \-Wnested-externs
+Warn if an \c
+.B extern\c
+\& declaration is encountered within an function.
+.TP
+.B \-Wenum\-clash
+Warn about conversion between different enumeration types (C++ only).
+.TP
+.B \-Woverloaded\-virtual
+(C++ only.)
+In a derived class, the definitions of virtual functions must match
+the type signature of a virtual function declared in the base class.
+Use this option to request warnings when a derived class declares a
+function that may be an erroneous attempt to define a virtual
+function: that is, warn when a function with the same name as a
+virtual function in the base class, but with a type signature that
+doesn't match any virtual functions from the base class.
+.TP
+.B \-Winline
+Warn if a function can not be inlined, and either it was declared as inline,
+or else the
+.B \-finline\-functions
+option was given.
+.TP
+.B \-Werror
+Treat warnings as errors; abort compilation after any warning.
+.PP
+
+.SH DEBUGGING OPTIONS
+GNU CC has various special options that are used for debugging
+either your program or GCC:
+.TP
+.B \-g
+Produce debugging information in the operating system's native format
+(stabs, COFF, XCOFF, or DWARF).  GDB can work with this debugging
+information.
+
+On most systems that use stabs format, `\|\c
+.B \-g\c
+\&\|' enables use of extra
+debugging information that only GDB can use; this extra information
+makes debugging work better in GDB but will probably make other debuggers
+crash or
+refuse to read the program.  If you want to control for certain whether
+to generate the extra information, use `\|\c
+.B \-gstabs+\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B \-gstabs\c
+\&\|',
+`\|\c
+.B \-gxcoff+\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B \-gxcoff\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B \-gdwarf+\c
+\&\|', or `\|\c
+.B \-gdwarf\c
+\&\|'
+(see below).
+
+Unlike most other C compilers, GNU CC allows you to use `\|\c
+.B \-g\c
+\&\|' with
+`\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|'.  The shortcuts taken by optimized code may occasionally
+produce surprising results: some variables you declared may not exist
+at all; flow of control may briefly move where you did not expect it;
+some statements may not be executed because they compute constant
+results or their values were already at hand; some statements may
+execute in different places because they were moved out of loops.
+
+Nevertheless it proves possible to debug optimized output.  This makes
+it reasonable to use the optimizer for programs that might have bugs.
+
+The following options are useful when GNU CC is generated with the
+capability for more than one debugging format.
+.TP
+.B \-ggdb
+Produce debugging information in the native format (if that is supported),
+including GDB extensions if at all possible.
+.TP
+.B \-gstabs
+Produce debugging information in stabs format (if that is supported),
+without GDB extensions.  This is the format used by DBX on most BSD
+systems.
+.TP
+.B \-gstabs+
+Produce debugging information in stabs format (if that is supported),
+using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU debugger (GDB).  The
+use of these extensions is likely to make other debuggers crash or
+refuse to read the program.
+.TP
+.B \-gcoff
+Produce debugging information in COFF format (if that is supported).
+This is the format used by SDB on most System V systems prior to
+System V Release 4.
+.TP
+.B \-gxcoff
+Produce debugging information in XCOFF format (if that is supported).
+This is the format used by the DBX debugger on IBM RS/6000 systems.
+.TP
+.B \-gxcoff+
+Produce debugging information in XCOFF format (if that is supported),
+using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU debugger (GDB).  The
+use of these extensions is likely to make other debuggers crash or
+refuse to read the program.
+.TP
+.B \-gdwarf
+Produce debugging information in DWARF format (if that is supported).
+This is the format used by SDB on most System V Release 4 systems.
+.TP
+.B \-gdwarf+
+Produce debugging information in DWARF format (if that is supported),
+using GNU extensions understood only by the GNU debugger (GDB).  The
+use of these extensions is likely to make other debuggers crash or
+refuse to read the program.
+.PP
+.BI "\-g" "level"
+.br
+.BI "\-ggdb" "level"
+.br
+.BI "\-gstabs" "level"
+.br
+.BI "\-gcoff" "level"
+.BI "\-gxcoff" "level"
+.TP
+.BI "\-gdwarf" "level"
+Request debugging information and also use \c
+.I level\c
+\& to specify how
+much information.  The default level is 2.
+
+Level 1 produces minimal information, enough for making backtraces in
+parts of the program that you don't plan to debug.  This includes
+descriptions of functions and external variables, but no information
+about local variables and no line numbers.
+
+Level 3 includes extra information, such as all the macro definitions
+present in the program.  Some debuggers support macro expansion when
+you use `\|\c
+.B \-g3\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-p
+Generate extra code to write profile information suitable for the
+analysis program \c
+.B prof\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-pg
+Generate extra code to write profile information suitable for the
+analysis program \c
+.B gprof\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-a
+Generate extra code to write profile information for basic blocks,
+which will record the number of times each basic block is executed.
+This data could be analyzed by a program like \c
+.B tcov\c
+\&.  Note,
+however, that the format of the data is not what \c
+.B tcov\c
+\& expects.
+Eventually GNU \c
+.B gprof\c
+\& should be extended to process this data.
+.TP
+.BI "\-d" "letters"\c
+\&
+Says to make debugging dumps during compilation at times specified by
+\c
+.I letters\c
+\&.  This is used for debugging the compiler.  The file names
+for most of the dumps are made by appending a word to the source file
+name (e.g.  `\|\c
+.B foo.c.rtl\c
+\&\|' or `\|\c
+.B foo.c.jump\c
+\&\|').
+.TP
+.B \-dM
+Dump all macro definitions, at the end of preprocessing, and write no
+output.
+.TP
+.B \-dN
+Dump all macro names, at the end of preprocessing.
+.TP
+.B \-dD
+Dump all macro definitions, at the end of preprocessing, in addition to
+normal output.
+.TP
+.B \-dy
+Dump debugging information during parsing, to standard error.
+.TP
+.B \-dr
+Dump after RTL generation, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.rtl\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dx
+Just generate RTL for a function instead of compiling it.  Usually used
+with `\|\c
+.B r\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dj
+Dump after first jump optimization, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.jump\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-ds
+Dump after CSE (including the jump optimization that sometimes
+follows CSE), to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.cse\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dL
+Dump after loop optimization, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.loop\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dt
+Dump after the second CSE pass (including the jump optimization that
+sometimes follows CSE), to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.cse2\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-df
+Dump after flow analysis, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.flow\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dc
+Dump after instruction combination, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.combine\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dS
+Dump after the first instruction scheduling pass, to
+`\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.sched\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dl
+Dump after local register allocation, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.lreg\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dg
+Dump after global register allocation, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.greg\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dR
+Dump after the second instruction scheduling pass, to
+`\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.sched2\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dJ
+Dump after last jump optimization, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.jump2\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dd
+Dump after delayed branch scheduling, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.dbr\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-dk
+Dump after conversion from registers to stack, to `\|\c
+.B \c
+.I file\c
+\&.stack\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-da
+Produce all the dumps listed above.
+.TP
+.B \-dm
+Print statistics on memory usage, at the end of the run, to
+standard error.
+.TP
+.B \-dp
+Annotate the assembler output with a comment indicating which
+pattern and alternative was used.
+.TP
+.B \-fpretend\-float
+When running a cross-compiler, pretend that the target machine uses the
+same floating point format as the host machine.  This causes incorrect
+output of the actual floating constants, but the actual instruction
+sequence will probably be the same as GNU CC would make when running on
+the target machine.
+.TP
+.B \-save\-temps
+Store the usual ``temporary'' intermediate files permanently; place them
+in the current directory and name them based on the source file.  Thus,
+compiling `\|\c
+.B foo.c\c
+\&\|' with `\|\c
+.B \-c \-save\-temps\c
+\&\|' would produce files
+`\|\c
+.B foo.cpp\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B foo.s\c
+\&\|', as well as `\|\c
+.B foo.o\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-print\-libgcc\-file\-name
+Print the full absolute name of the library file `\|\c
+.B libgcc.a\c
+\&\|' that
+would be used when linking\(em\&and do not do anything else.  With this
+option, GNU CC does not compile or link anything; it just prints the
+file name.
+.PP
+
+.SH OPTIMIZATION OPTIONS
+These options control various sorts of optimizations:
+.PP
+.B \-O
+.TP
+.B \-O1
+Optimize.  Optimizing compilation takes somewhat more time, and a lot
+more memory for a large function.
+
+Without `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|', the compiler's goal is to reduce the cost of
+compilation and to make debugging produce the expected results.
+Statements are independent: if you stop the program with a breakpoint
+between statements, you can then assign a new value to any variable or
+change the program counter to any other statement in the function and
+get exactly the results you would expect from the source code.
+
+Without `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|', only variables declared \c
+.B register\c
+\& are
+allocated in registers.  The resulting compiled code is a little worse
+than produced by PCC without `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|'.
+
+With `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|', the compiler tries to reduce code size and execution
+time.
+
+When you specify `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B \-fthread\-jumps\c
+\&\|' and
+`\|\c
+.B \-fdelayed\-branch\c
+\&\|' are turned on.  On some machines other
+flags may also be turned on.
+.TP
+.B \-O2
+Optimize even more.  Nearly all supported optimizations that do not
+involve a space-speed tradeoff are performed.  As compared to
+.B \-O\c
+\&,
+this option increases both compilation time and the performance of the
+generated code.
+
+.B \-O2
+turns on all
+.BI \-f flag
+options that enable more optimization, except for
+.B \-funroll\-loops\c
+\&,
+.B \-funroll\-all\-loops
+and
+.BR \-fomit\-frame\-pointer .
+.TP
+.B \-O0
+Do not optimize.
+
+If you use multiple
+.B \-O
+options, with or without level numbers, the last such option is the
+one that is effective.
+.PP
+
+Options of the form `\|\c
+.B \-f\c
+.I flag\c
+\&\c
+\&\|' specify machine-independent
+flags.  Most flags have both positive and negative forms; the negative
+form of `\|\c
+.B \-ffoo\c
+\&\|' would be `\|\c
+.B \-fno\-foo\c
+\&\|'.  The following list shows
+only one form\(em\&the one which is not the default.
+You can figure out the other form by either removing `\|\c
+.B no\-\c
+\&\|' or
+adding it.
+.TP
+.B \-ffloat\-store
+Do not store floating point variables in registers.  This
+prevents undesirable excess precision on machines such as the
+68000 where the floating registers (of the 68881) keep more
+precision than a \c
+.B double\c
+\& is supposed to have.
+
+For most programs, the excess precision does only good, but a few
+programs rely on the precise definition of IEEE floating point.
+Use `\|\c
+.B \-ffloat\-store\c
+\&\|' for such programs.
+.TP
+.B \-fmemoize\-lookups
+.TP
+.B \-fsave\-memoized
+Use heuristics to compile faster (C++ only).  These heuristics are not
+enabled by default, since they are only effective for certain input
+files.  Other input files compile more slowly.
+
+The first time the compiler must build a call to a member function (or
+reference to a data member), it must (1) determine whether the class
+implements member functions of that name; (2) resolve which member
+function to call (which involves figuring out what sorts of type
+conversions need to be made); and (3) check the visibility of the member
+function to the caller.  All of this adds up to slower compilation.
+Normally, the second time a call is made to that member function (or
+reference to that data member), it must go through the same lengthy
+process again.  This means that code like this
+.sp
+.br
+cout\ <<\ "This\ "\ <<\ p\ <<\ "\ has\ "\ <<\ n\ <<\ "\ legs.\en";
+.br
+.sp
+makes six passes through all three steps.  By using a software cache,
+a ``hit'' significantly reduces this cost.  Unfortunately, using the
+cache introduces another layer of mechanisms which must be implemented,
+and so incurs its own overhead.  `\|\c
+.B \-fmemoize\-lookups\c
+\&\|' enables
+the software cache.
+
+Because access privileges (visibility) to members and member functions
+may differ from one function context to the next, 
+.B g++
+may need to flush the cache.  With the `\|\c
+.B \-fmemoize\-lookups\c
+\&\|' flag, the cache is flushed after every
+function that is compiled.  The `\|\c
+\-fsave\-memoized\c
+\&\|' flag enables the same software cache, but when the compiler
+determines that the context of the last function compiled would yield
+the same access privileges of the next function to compile, it
+preserves the cache. 
+This is most helpful when defining many member functions for the same
+class: with the exception of member functions which are friends of
+other classes, each member function has exactly the same access
+privileges as every other, and the cache need not be flushed.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-default\-inline
+Don't make member functions inline by default merely because they are
+defined inside the class scope (C++ only).
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-defer\-pop
+Always pop the arguments to each function call as soon as that
+function returns.  For machines which must pop arguments after a
+function call, the compiler normally lets arguments accumulate on the
+stack for several function calls and pops them all at once.
+.TP
+.B \-fforce\-mem
+Force memory operands to be copied into registers before doing
+arithmetic on them.  This may produce better code by making all
+memory references potential common subexpressions.  When they are
+not common subexpressions, instruction combination should
+eliminate the separate register-load.  I am interested in hearing
+about the difference this makes.
+.TP
+.B \-fforce\-addr
+Force memory address constants to be copied into registers before
+doing arithmetic on them.  This may produce better code just as
+`\|\c
+.B \-fforce\-mem\c
+\&\|' may.  I am interested in hearing about the
+difference this makes.
+.TP
+.B \-fomit\-frame\-pointer
+Don't keep the frame pointer in a register for functions that
+don't need one.  This avoids the instructions to save, set up and
+restore frame pointers; it also makes an extra register available
+in many functions.  \c
+.I It also makes debugging impossible on
+most machines.\c
+\&
+
+On some machines, such as the Vax, this flag has no effect, because
+the standard calling sequence automatically handles the frame pointer
+and nothing is saved by pretending it doesn't exist.  The
+machine-description macro \c
+.B FRAME_POINTER_REQUIRED\c
+\& controls
+whether a target machine supports this flag.  
+.TP
+.B \-finline\-functions
+Integrate all simple functions into their callers.  The compiler
+heuristically decides which functions are simple enough to be worth
+integrating in this way.
+
+If all calls to a given function are integrated, and the function is
+declared \c
+.B static\c
+\&, then GCC normally does not output the function as
+assembler code in its own right.
+.TP
+.B \-fcaller\-saves
+Enable values to be allocated in registers that will be clobbered by
+function calls, by emitting extra instructions to save and restore the
+registers around such calls.  Such allocation is done only when it
+seems to result in better code than would otherwise be produced.
+
+This option is enabled by default on certain machines, usually those
+which have no call-preserved registers to use instead.
+.TP
+.B \-fkeep\-inline\-functions
+Even if all calls to a given function are integrated, and the function
+is declared \c
+.B static\c
+\&, nevertheless output a separate run-time
+callable version of the function.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-function\-cse
+Do not put function addresses in registers; make each instruction that
+calls a constant function contain the function's address explicitly.
+
+This option results in less efficient code, but some strange hacks
+that alter the assembler output may be confused by the optimizations
+performed when this option is not used.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-peephole
+Disable any machine-specific peephole optimizations.
+.TP
+.B \-ffast-math
+This option allows GCC to violate some ANSI or IEEE rules/specifications
+in the interest of optimizing code for speed.  For example, it allows
+the compiler to assume arguments to the \c
+.B sqrt\c
+\& function are 
+non-negative numbers.  
+
+This option should never be turned on by any `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|' option since 
+it can result in incorrect output for programs which depend on 
+an exact implementation of IEEE or ANSI rules/specifications for
+math functions.
+.PP
+
+The following options control specific optimizations.  The `\|\c
+.B \-O2\c
+\&\|'
+option turns on all of these optimizations except `\|\c
+.B \-funroll\-loops\c
+\&\|'
+and `\|\c
+.B \-funroll\-all\-loops\c
+\&\|'.  
+
+The `\|\c
+.B \-O\c
+\&\|' option usually turns on
+the `\|\c
+.B \-fthread\-jumps\c
+\&\|' and `\|\c
+.B \-fdelayed\-branch\c
+\&\|' options, but
+specific machines may change the default optimizations.
+
+You can use the following flags in the rare cases when ``fine-tuning''
+of optimizations to be performed is desired.
+.TP
+.B \-fstrength\-reduce
+Perform the optimizations of loop strength reduction and
+elimination of iteration variables.
+.TP
+.B \-fthread\-jumps
+Perform optimizations where we check to see if a jump branches to a
+location where another comparison subsumed by the first is found.  If
+so, the first branch is redirected to either the destination of the
+second branch or a point immediately following it, depending on whether
+the condition is known to be true or false.
+.TP
+.B \-funroll\-loops
+Perform the optimization of loop unrolling.  This is only done for loops
+whose number of iterations can be determined at compile time or run time.
+.TP
+.B \-funroll\-all\-loops
+Perform the optimization of loop unrolling.  This is done for all loops.
+This usually makes programs run more slowly.
+.TP
+.B \-fcse\-follow\-jumps
+In common subexpression elimination, scan through jump instructions
+when the target of the jump is not reached by any other path.  For
+example, when CSE encounters an \c
+.B if\c
+\& statement with an
+\c
+.B else\c
+\& clause, CSE will follow the jump when the condition
+tested is false.
+.TP
+.B \-fcse\-skip\-blocks
+This is similar to `\|\c
+.B \-fcse\-follow\-jumps\c
+\&\|', but causes CSE to
+follow jumps which conditionally skip over blocks.  When CSE
+encounters a simple \c
+.B if\c
+\& statement with no else clause,
+`\|\c
+.B \-fcse\-skip\-blocks\c
+\&\|' causes CSE to follow the jump around the
+body of the \c
+.B if\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-frerun\-cse\-after\-loop
+Re-run common subexpression elimination after loop optimizations has been
+performed.  
+.TP
+.B \-felide\-constructors
+Elide constructors when this seems plausible (C++ only).  With this
+flag, GNU C++ initializes \c
+.B y\c
+\& directly from the call to \c
+.B foo\c
+\&
+without going through a temporary in the following code:
+
+.sp
+.br
+A\ foo\ ();
+.br
+A\ y\ =\ foo\ ();
+.br
+.sp
+
+Without this option, GNU C++ first initializes \c
+.B y\c
+\& by calling the
+appropriate constructor for type \c
+.B A\c
+\&; then assigns the result of
+\c
+.B foo\c
+\& to a temporary; and, finally, replaces the initial valyue of
+`\|\c
+.B y\c
+\&\|' with the temporary.
+
+The default behavior (`\|\c
+.B \-fno\-elide\-constructors\c
+\&\|') is specified by
+the draft ANSI C++ standard.  If your program's constructors have side
+effects, using `\|\c
+.B \-felide-constructors\c
+\&\|' can make your program act
+differently, since some constructor calls may be omitted.
+.TP
+.B \-fexpensive\-optimizations
+Perform a number of minor optimizations that are relatively expensive.
+.TP
+.B \-fdelayed\-branch
+If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder instructions
+to exploit instruction slots available after delayed branch
+instructions.
+.TP
+.B \-fschedule\-insns
+If supported for the target machine, attempt to reorder instructions to
+eliminate execution stalls due to required data being unavailable.  This
+helps machines that have slow floating point or memory load instructions
+by allowing other instructions to be issued until the result of the load
+or floating point instruction is required.
+.TP
+.B \-fschedule\-insns2
+Similar to `\|\c
+.B \-fschedule\-insns\c
+\&\|', but requests an additional pass of
+instruction scheduling after register allocation has been done.  This is
+especially useful on machines with a relatively small number of
+registers and where memory load instructions take more than one cycle.
+.PP
+
+.SH TARGET OPTIONS
+By default, GNU CC compiles code for the same type of machine that you
+are using.  However, it can also be installed as a cross-compiler, to
+compile for some other type of machine.  In fact, several different
+configurations of GNU CC, for different target machines, can be
+installed side by side.  Then you specify which one to use with the
+`\|\c
+.B \-b\c
+\&\|' option.
+
+In addition, older and newer versions of GNU CC can be installed side
+by side.  One of them (probably the newest) will be the default, but
+you may sometimes wish to use another.
+.TP
+.BI "\-b " "machine"\c
+\&
+The argument \c
+.I machine\c
+\& specifies the target machine for compilation.
+This is useful when you have installed GNU CC as a cross-compiler.
+
+The value to use for \c
+.I machine\c
+\& is the same as was specified as the
+machine type when configuring GNU CC as a cross-compiler.  For
+example, if a cross-compiler was configured with `\|\c
+.B configure
+i386v\c
+\&\|', meaning to compile for an 80386 running System V, then you
+would specify `\|\c
+.B \-b i386v\c
+\&\|' to run that cross compiler.
+
+When you do not specify `\|\c
+.B \-b\c
+\&\|', it normally means to compile for
+the same type of machine that you are using.
+.TP
+.BI "\-V " "version"\c
+\&
+The argument \c
+.I version\c
+\& specifies which version of GNU CC to run.
+This is useful when multiple versions are installed.  For example,
+\c
+.I version\c
+\& might be `\|\c
+.B 2.0\c
+\&\|', meaning to run GNU CC version 2.0.
+
+The default version, when you do not specify `\|\c
+.B \-V\c
+\&\|', is controlled
+by the way GNU CC is installed.  Normally, it will be a version that
+is recommended for general use.
+.PP
+
+.SH MACHINE DEPENDENT OPTIONS
+Each of the target machine types can have its own special options,
+starting with `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|', to choose among various hardware models or
+configurations\(em\&for example, 68010 vs 68020, floating coprocessor or
+none.  A single installed version of the compiler can compile for any
+model or configuration, according to the options specified.
+
+Some configurations of the compiler also support additional special
+options, usually for command-line compatibility with other compilers on
+the same platform.
+
+These are the `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options defined for the 68000 series:
+.TP
+.B \-m68000
+.TP
+.B \-mc68000
+Generate output for a 68000.  This is the default when the compiler is
+configured for 68000-based systems.
+.TP
+.B \-m68020
+.TP
+.B \-mc68020
+Generate output for a 68020 (rather than a 68000).  This is the
+default when the compiler is configured for 68020-based systems.
+.TP
+.B \-m68881
+Generate output containing 68881 instructions for floating point.
+This is the default for most 68020-based systems unless 
+.B \-nfp
+was specified when the compiler was configured.
+.TP
+.B \-m68030
+Generate output for a 68030.  This is the default when the compiler is
+configured for 68030-based systems.
+.TP
+.B \-m68040
+Generate output for a 68040.  This is the default when the compiler is
+configured for 68040-based systems.
+.TP
+.B \-m68020\-40
+Generate output for a 68040, without using any of the new instructions.
+This results in code which can run relatively efficiently on either a
+68020/68881 or a 68030 or a 68040.
+.TP
+.B \-mfpa
+Generate output containing Sun FPA instructions for floating point.
+.TP
+.B \-msoft\-float
+Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
+.I
+WARNING: 
+the requisite libraries are not part of GNU CC.  Normally the
+facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but this can't
+be done directly in cross-compilation.  You must make your own
+arrangements to provide suitable library functions for cross-compilation.
+.TP
+.B \-mshort
+Consider type \c
+.B int\c
+\& to be 16 bits wide, like \c
+.B short int\c
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-mnobitfield
+Do not use the bit-field instructions.  `\|\c
+.B \-m68000\c
+\&\|' implies
+`\|\c
+.B \-mnobitfield\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-mbitfield
+Do use the bit-field instructions.  `\|\c
+.B \-m68020\c
+\&\|' implies
+`\|\c
+.B \-mbitfield\c
+\&\|'.  This is the default if you use the unmodified
+sources.
+.TP
+.B \-mrtd
+Use a different function-calling convention, in which functions
+that take a fixed number of arguments return with the \c
+.B rtd\c
+\&
+instruction, which pops their arguments while returning.  This
+saves one instruction in the caller since there is no need to pop
+the arguments there.
+
+This calling convention is incompatible with the one normally
+used on Unix, so you cannot use it if you need to call libraries
+compiled with the Unix compiler.
+
+Also, you must provide function prototypes for all functions that
+take variable numbers of arguments (including \c
+.B printf\c
+\&);
+otherwise incorrect code will be generated for calls to those
+functions.
+
+In addition, seriously incorrect code will result if you call a
+function with too many arguments.  (Normally, extra arguments are
+harmlessly ignored.)
+
+The \c
+.B rtd\c
+\& instruction is supported by the 68010 and 68020
+processors, but not by the 68000.
+.PP
+
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the Vax:
+.TP
+.B \-munix
+Do not output certain jump instructions (\c
+.B aobleq\c
+\& and so on)
+that the Unix assembler for the Vax cannot handle across long
+ranges.
+.TP
+.B \-mgnu
+Do output those jump instructions, on the assumption that you
+will assemble with the GNU assembler.
+.TP
+.B \-mg
+Output code for g-format floating point numbers instead of d-format.
+.PP
+
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' switches are supported on the SPARC:
+
+.PP
+.B \-mfpu
+.TP
+.B \-mhard\-float
+Generate output containing floating point instructions.  This is the
+default.
+.PP
+.B \-mno\-fpu
+.TP
+.B \-msoft\-float
+Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
+.I Warning:
+there is no GNU floating-point library for SPARC.
+Normally the facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but
+this cannot be done directly in cross-compilation.  You must make your
+own arrangements to provide suitable library functions for
+cross-compilation.
+
+.B \-msoft\-float
+changes the calling convention in the output file;
+therefore, it is only useful if you compile
+.I all
+of a program with this option.
+.PP
+.B \-mno\-epilogue
+.TP
+.B \-mepilogue
+With
+.B \-mepilogue
+(the default), the compiler always emits code for
+function exit at the end of each function.  Any function exit in
+the middle of the function (such as a return statement in C) will
+generate a jump to the exit code at the end of the function.
+
+With
+.BR \-mno\-epilogue ,
+the compiler tries to emit exit code inline at every function exit.
+.PP
+.B \-mv8
+.TP
+.B \-msparclite
+These two options select variations on the SPARC architecture.
+
+By default (unless specifically configured for the Fujitsu SPARClite),
+GCC generates code for the v7 variant of the SPARC architecture.
+
+.B \-mv8
+will give you SPARC v8 code.  The only difference from v7
+code is that the compiler emits the integer multiply and integer
+divide instructions which exist in SPARC v8 but not in SPARC v7.
+
+.B \-msparclite
+will give you SPARClite code.  This adds the integer
+multiply, integer divide step and scan (ffs) instructions which
+exist in SPARClite but not in SPARC v7.
+.PP
+
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the Convex:
+.TP
+.B \-mc1
+Generate output for a C1.  This is the default when the compiler is
+configured for a C1.
+.TP
+.B \-mc2
+Generate output for a C2.  This is the default when the compiler is
+configured for a C2.
+.TP
+.B \-margcount
+Generate code which puts an argument count in the word preceding each
+argument list.  Some nonportable Convex and Vax programs need this word.
+(Debuggers don't, except for functions with variable-length argument
+lists; this info is in the symbol table.)
+.TP
+.B \-mnoargcount
+Omit the argument count word.  This is the default if you use the
+unmodified sources.
+.PP
+
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the AMD Am29000:
+.TP
+.B \-mdw
+Generate code that assumes the DW bit is set, i.e., that byte and
+halfword operations are directly supported by the hardware.  This is the
+default.
+.TP
+.B \-mnodw
+Generate code that assumes the DW bit is not set.
+.TP
+.B \-mbw
+Generate code that assumes the system supports byte and halfword write
+operations.  This is the default.
+.TP
+.B \-mnbw
+Generate code that assumes the systems does not support byte and
+halfword write operations.  This implies `\|\c
+.B \-mnodw\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-msmall
+Use a small memory model that assumes that all function addresses are
+either within a single 256 KB segment or at an absolute address of less
+than 256K.  This allows the \c
+.B call\c
+\& instruction to be used instead
+of a \c
+.B const\c
+\&, \c
+.B consth\c
+\&, \c
+.B calli\c
+\& sequence.
+.TP
+.B \-mlarge
+Do not assume that the \c
+.B call\c
+\& instruction can be used; this is the
+default.
+.TP
+.B \-m29050
+Generate code for the Am29050.
+.TP
+.B \-m29000
+Generate code for the Am29000.  This is the default.
+.TP
+.B \-mkernel\-registers
+Generate references to registers \c
+.B gr64-gr95\c
+\& instead of
+\c
+.B gr96-gr127\c
+\&.  This option can be used when compiling kernel code
+that wants a set of global registers disjoint from that used by
+user-mode code.
+
+Note that when this option is used, register names in `\|\c
+.B \-f\c
+\&\|' flags
+must use the normal, user-mode, names.
+.TP
+.B \-muser\-registers
+Use the normal set of global registers, \c
+.B gr96-gr127\c
+\&.  This is the
+default.
+.TP
+.B \-mstack\-check
+Insert a call to \c
+.B __msp_check\c
+\& after each stack adjustment.  This
+is often used for kernel code.
+.PP
+
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for Motorola 88K architectures:
+.TP
+.B \-m88000
+Generate code that works well on both the m88100 and the
+m88110.
+.TP
+.B \-m88100
+Generate code that works best for the m88100, but that also
+runs on the m88110.
+.TP
+.B \-m88110
+Generate code that works best for the m88110, and may not run
+on the m88100.
+.TP
+.B \-midentify\-revision
+Include an \c
+.B ident\c
+\& directive in the assembler output recording the
+source file name, compiler name and version, timestamp, and compilation
+flags used.
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-underscores
+In assembler output, emit symbol names without adding an underscore
+character at the beginning of each name.  The default is to use an
+underscore as prefix on each name.
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-check\-zero\-division
+.TP
+.B \-mcheck\-zero\-division
+Early models of the 88K architecture had problems with division by zero;
+in particular, many of them didn't trap.  Use these options to avoid
+including (or to include explicitly) additional code to detect division
+by zero and signal an exception.  All GCC configurations for the 88K use
+`\|\c
+.B \-mcheck\-zero\-division\c
+\&\|' by default.
+.TP
+.B \-mocs\-debug\-info
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-ocs\-debug\-info
+Include (or omit) additional debugging information (about
+registers used in each stack frame) as specified in the 88Open Object
+Compatibility Standard, ``OCS''.  This extra information is not needed
+by GDB.  The default for DG/UX, SVr4, and Delta 88 SVr3.2 is to
+include this information; other 88k configurations omit this information
+by default.
+.TP
+.B \-mocs\-frame\-position
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-ocs\-frame\-position
+Force (or do not require) register values to be stored in a particular
+place in stack frames, as specified in OCS.  The DG/UX, Delta88 SVr3.2,
+and BCS configurations use `\|\c
+.B \-mocs\-frame\-position\c
+\&\|'; other 88k
+configurations have the default `\|\c
+.B \-mno\-ocs\-frame\-position\c
+\&\|'.
+.TP
+.B \-moptimize\-arg\-area
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-optimize\-arg\-area
+Control how to store function arguments in stack frames.
+`\|\c
+.B \-moptimize\-arg\-area\c
+\&\|' saves space, but may break some
+debuggers (not GDB).  `\|\c
+.B \-mno\-optimize\-arg\-area\c
+\&\|' conforms better to
+standards.   By default GCC does not optimize the argument area.
+.TP
+.BI "\-mshort\-data\-" "num"\c
+\&
+.I num\c
+\&
+Generate smaller data references by making them relative to \c
+.B r0\c
+\&,
+which allows loading a value using a single instruction (rather than the
+usual two).  You control which data references are affected by
+specifying \c
+.I num\c
+\& with this option.  For example, if you specify
+`\|\c
+.B \-mshort\-data\-512\c
+\&\|', then the data references affected are those
+involving displacements of less than 512 bytes.
+`\|\c
+.B \-mshort\-data\-\c
+.I num\c
+\&\c
+\&\|' is not effective for \c
+.I num\c
+\& greater
+than 64K.
+.PP
+.B \-mserialize-volatile
+.TP
+.B \-mno-serialize-volatile
+Do, or do not, generate code to guarantee sequential consistency of
+volatile memory references.
+
+GNU CC always guarantees consistency by default, for the preferred
+processor submodel.  How this is done depends on the submodel.
+
+The m88100 processor does not reorder memory references and so always
+provides sequential consistency.  If you use `\|\c
+.B \-m88100\c
+\&\|', GNU CC does
+not generate any special instructions for sequential consistency.
+
+The order of memory references made by the m88110 processor does not
+always match the order of the instructions requesting those references.
+In particular, a load instruction may execute before a preceding store
+instruction.  Such reordering violates sequential consistency of
+volatile memory references, when there are multiple processors.  When
+you use `\|\c
+.B \-m88000\c
+\&\|' or `\|\c
+.B \-m88110\c
+\&\|', GNU CC generates special
+instructions when appropriate, to force execution in the proper order.
+
+The extra code generated to guarantee consistency may affect the
+performance of your application.  If you know that you can safely forgo
+this guarantee, you may use the option `\|\c
+.B \-mno-serialize-volatile\c
+\&\|'.
+
+If you use the `\|\c
+.B \-m88100\c
+\&\|' option but require sequential consistency
+when running on the m88110 processor, you should use
+`\|\c
+.B \-mserialize-volatile\c
+\&\|'.
+.PP
+.B \-msvr4
+.TP
+.B \-msvr3
+Turn on (`\|\c
+.B \-msvr4\c
+\&\|') or off (`\|\c
+.B \-msvr3\c
+\&\|') compiler extensions
+related to System V release 4 (SVr4).  This controls the following:
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu 
+Which variant of the assembler syntax to emit (which you can select
+independently using `\|\c
+.B \-mversion\-03.00\c
+\&\|').  
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+`\|\c
+.B \-msvr4\c
+\&\|' makes the C preprocessor recognize `\|\c
+.B #pragma weak\c
+\&\|'
+.TP
+\ \ \ \(bu
+`\|\c
+.B \-msvr4\c
+\&\|' makes GCC issue additional declaration directives used in
+SVr4.  
+.PP
+`\|\c
+.B \-msvr3\c
+\&\|' is the default for all m88K configurations except
+the SVr4 configuration.
+.TP
+.B \-mtrap\-large\-shift
+.TP
+.B \-mhandle\-large\-shift
+Include code to detect bit-shifts of more than 31 bits; respectively,
+trap such shifts or emit code to handle them properly.  By default GCC
+makes no special provision for large bit shifts.
+.TP
+.B \-muse\-div\-instruction
+Very early models of the 88K architecture didn't have a divide
+instruction, so GCC avoids that instruction by default.  Use this option
+to specify that it's safe to use the divide instruction.  
+.TP
+.B \-mversion\-03.00
+In the DG/UX configuration, there are two flavors of SVr4.  This option
+modifies
+.B \-msvr4
+to select whether the hybrid-COFF or real-ELF
+flavor is used.  All other configurations ignore this option.
+.TP
+.B \-mwarn\-passed\-structs
+Warn when a function passes a struct as an argument or result.
+Structure-passing conventions have changed during the evolution of the C
+language, and are often the source of portability problems.  By default,
+GCC issues no such warning.
+.PP
+These options are defined for the IBM RS6000:
+
+.PP
+.B \-mfp\-in\-toc
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-fp\-in\-toc
+Control whether or not floating-point constants go in the Table of
+Contents (TOC), a table of all global variable and function addresses.  By
+default GCC puts floating-point constants there; if the TOC overflows,
+`\|\c
+.B \-mno\-fp\-in\-toc\c
+\&\|' will reduce the size of the TOC, which may avoid
+the overflow.
+
+.PP
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the IBM RT PC:
+.TP
+.B \-min\-line\-mul
+Use an in-line code sequence for integer multiplies.  This is the
+default.
+.TP
+.B \-mcall\-lib\-mul
+Call \c
+.B lmul$$\c
+\& for integer multiples.
+.TP
+.B \-mfull\-fp\-blocks
+Generate full-size floating point data blocks, including the minimum
+amount of scratch space recommended by IBM.  This is the default.
+.TP
+.B \-mminimum\-fp\-blocks
+Do not include extra scratch space in floating point data blocks.  This
+results in smaller code, but slower execution, since scratch space must
+be allocated dynamically.
+.TP
+.B \-mfp\-arg\-in\-fpregs
+Use a calling sequence incompatible with the IBM calling convention in
+which floating point arguments are passed in floating point registers.
+Note that \c
+.B varargs.h\c
+\& and \c
+.B stdargs.h\c
+\& will not work with
+floating point operands if this option is specified.
+.TP
+.B \-mfp\-arg\-in\-gregs
+Use the normal calling convention for floating point arguments.  This is
+the default.
+.TP
+.B \-mhc\-struct\-return
+Return structures of more than one word in memory, rather than in a
+register.  This provides compatibility with the MetaWare HighC (hc)
+compiler.  Use `\|\c
+.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return\c
+\&\|' for compatibility with the
+Portable C Compiler (pcc).
+.TP
+.B \-mnohc\-struct\-return
+Return some structures of more than one word in registers, when
+convenient.  This is the default.  For compatibility with the
+IBM-supplied compilers, use either `\|\c
+.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return\c
+\&\|' or
+`\|\c
+.B \-mhc\-struct\-return\c
+\&\|'.
+.PP
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the MIPS family of computers:
+.TP
+.BI "\-mcpu=" "cpu-type"
+Assume the defaults for the machine type 
+.I cpu-type
+when
+scheduling instructions.  The default
+.I cpu-type
+is
+.BR default ,
+which picks the longest cycles times for any of the machines, in order
+that the code run at reasonable rates on all MIPS cpu's.  Other
+choices for
+.I cpu-type
+are
+.BR r2000 ,
+.BR r3000 ,
+.BR r4000 ,
+and
+.BR r6000 .
+While picking a specific
+.I cpu-type
+will schedule things appropriately for that particular chip, the
+compiler will not generate any code that does not meet level 1 of the
+MIPS ISA (instruction set architecture) without the
+.B \-mips2
+or
+.B \-mips3
+switches being used.
+.TP
+.B \-mips2
+Issue instructions from level 2 of the MIPS ISA (branch likely, square
+root instructions).  The 
+.B \-mcpu=r4000
+or
+.B \-mcpu=r6000
+switch must be used in conjunction with
+.BR \-mips2 .
+.TP
+.B \-mips3
+Issue instructions from level 3 of the MIPS ISA (64 bit instructions).
+The
+.B \-mcpu=r4000
+switch must be used in conjunction with
+.BR \-mips2 .
+.TP
+.B \-mint64
+.TP
+.B \-mlong64
+.TP
+.B \-mlonglong128
+These options don't work at present.
+.TP
+.B \-mmips\-as
+Generate code for the MIPS assembler, and invoke
+.B mips\-tfile
+to add normal debug information.  This is the default for all
+platforms except for the OSF/1 reference platform, using the OSF/rose
+object format.  If any of the
+.BR \-ggdb ,
+.BR \-gstabs ,
+or
+.B \-gstabs+
+switches are used, the
+.B mips\-tfile
+program will encapsulate the stabs within MIPS ECOFF.
+.TP
+.B \-mgas
+Generate code for the GNU assembler.  This is the default on the OSF/1
+reference platform, using the OSF/rose object format.
+.TP
+.B \-mrnames
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-rnames
+The
+.B \-mrnames
+switch says to output code using the MIPS software names for the
+registers, instead of the hardware names (ie, 
+.B a0
+instead of
+.BR $4 ).
+The GNU assembler does not support the
+.B \-mrnames
+switch, and the MIPS assembler will be instructed to run the MIPS C
+preprocessor over the source file.  The
+.B \-mno\-rnames
+switch is default.
+.TP
+.B \-mgpopt
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-gpopt
+The
+.B \-mgpopt
+switch says to write all of the data declarations before the
+instructions in the text section, to all the MIPS assembler to
+generate one word memory references instead of using two words for
+short global or static data items.  This is on by default if
+optimization is selected.
+.TP
+.B \-mstats
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-stats
+For each non-inline function processed, the
+.B \-mstats
+switch causes the compiler to emit one line to the standard error file
+to print statistics about the program (number of registers saved,
+stack size, etc.).
+.TP
+.B \-mmemcpy
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-memcpy
+The
+.B \-mmemcpy
+switch makes all block moves call the appropriate string function
+.RB ( memcpy
+or
+.BR bcopy )
+instead of possibly generating inline code.
+.TP
+.B \-mmips\-tfile
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-mips\-tfile
+The
+.B \-mno\-mips\-tfile
+switch causes the compiler not postprocess the object file with the
+.B mips\-tfile
+program, after the MIPS assembler has generated it to add debug
+support.  If
+.B mips\-tfile
+is not run, then no local variables will be available to the debugger.
+In addition,
+.B stage2
+and
+.B stage3
+objects will have the temporary file names passed to the assembler
+embedded in the object file, which means the objects will not compare
+the same.
+.TP
+.B \-msoft\-float
+Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
+.I
+WARNING: 
+the requisite libraries are not part of GNU CC.  Normally the
+facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but this can't
+be done directly in cross-compilation.  You must make your own
+arrangements to provide suitable library functions for cross-compilation.
+.TP
+.B \-mhard\-float
+Generate output containing floating point instructions.  This is the
+default if you use the unmodified sources.
+.TP
+.B \-mfp64
+Assume that the
+.B FR
+bit in the status word is on, and that there are 32 64-bit floating
+point registers, instead of 32 32-bit floating point registers.  You
+must also specify the
+.B \-mcpu=r4000
+and
+.B \-mips3
+switches.
+.TP
+.B \-mfp32
+Assume that there are 32 32-bit floating point registers.  This is the
+default.
+.PP
+.B \-mabicalls
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-abicalls
+Emit (or do not emit) the
+.BR \&.abicalls ,
+.BR \&.cpload ,
+and
+.B \&.cprestore
+pseudo operations that some System V.4 ports use for position
+independent code.
+.TP
+.B \-mhalf\-pic
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-half\-pic
+The
+.B \-mhalf\-pic
+switch says to put pointers to extern references into the data section
+and load them up, rather than put the references in the text section.
+This option does not work at present.
+.B
+.BI \-G num
+Put global and static items less than or equal to 
+.I num
+bytes into the small data or bss sections instead of the normal data
+or bss section.  This allows the assembler to emit one word memory
+reference instructions based on the global pointer
+.RB ( gp
+or
+.BR $28 ),
+instead of the normal two words used.  By default,
+.I num
+is 8 when the MIPS assembler is used, and 0 when the GNU
+assembler is used.  The
+.BI \-G num
+switch is also passed to the assembler and linker.  All modules should
+be compiled with the same
+.BI \-G num
+value.
+.TP
+.B \-nocpp
+Tell the MIPS assembler to not run it's preprocessor over user
+assembler files (with a `\|\c
+.B .s\c
+\&\|' suffix) when assembling them.
+.PP
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the Intel 80386 family of computers:
+
+.B \-m486
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-486
+Control whether or not code is optimized for a 486 instead of an
+386.  Code generated for a 486 will run on a 386 and vice versa.
+.TP
+.B \-msoft\-float
+Generate output containing library calls for floating point.
+.I Warning:
+the requisite libraries are not part of GNU CC.
+Normally the facilities of the machine's usual C compiler are used, but
+this can't be done directly in cross-compilation.  You must make your
+own arrangements to provide suitable library functions for
+cross-compilation.
+
+On machines where a function returns floating point results in the 80387
+register stack, some floating point opcodes may be emitted even if
+`\|\c
+.B \-msoft-float\c
+\&\|' is used.
+.TP
+.B \-mno-fp-ret-in-387
+Do not use the FPU registers for return values of functions.
+
+The usual calling convention has functions return values of types
+\c
+.B float\c
+\& and \c
+.B double\c
+\& in an FPU register, even if there
+is no FPU.  The idea is that the operating system should emulate
+an FPU.
+
+The option `\|\c
+.B \-mno-fp-ret-in-387\c
+\&\|' causes such values to be returned
+in ordinary CPU registers instead.
+.PP
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the HPPA family of computers:
+.TP
+.B \-mpa-risc-1-0
+Generate code for a PA 1.0 processor.
+.TP
+.B \-mpa-risc-1-1
+Generate code for a PA 1.1 processor.
+.TP
+.B \-mkernel
+Generate code which is suitable for use in kernels.  Specifically, avoid
+\c
+.B add\c
+\& instructions in which one of the arguments is the DP register;
+generate \c
+.B addil\c
+\& instructions instead.  This avoids a rather serious
+bug in the HP-UX linker.
+.TP
+.B \-mshared-libs
+Generate code that can be linked against HP-UX shared libraries.  This option
+is not fully function yet, and is not on by default for any PA target.  Using
+this option can cause incorrect code to be generated by the compiler.
+.TP
+.B \-mno-shared-libs
+Don't generate code that will be linked against shared libraries.  This is
+the default for all PA targets.
+.TP
+.B \-mlong-calls
+Generate code which allows calls to functions greater than 256K away from
+the caller when the caller and callee are in the same source file.  Do
+not turn this option on unless code refuses to link with "branch out of
+range errors" from the linker.
+.TP
+.B \-mdisable-fpregs
+Prevent floating point registers from being used in any manner.  This is
+necessary for compiling kernels which perform lazy context switching of
+floating point registers.  If you use this option and attempt to perform
+floating point operations, the compiler will abort.
+.TP
+.B \-mdisable-indexing
+Prevent the compiler from using indexing address modes.  This avoids some
+rather obscure problems when compiling MIG generated code under MACH.
+.TP
+.B \-mtrailing-colon
+Add a colon to the end of label definitions (for ELF assemblers).
+.PP
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the Intel 80960 family of computers:
+.TP
+.BI "\-m" "cpu-type"
+Assume the defaults for the machine type
+.I cpu-type
+for instruction and addressing-mode availability and alignment.
+The default
+.I cpu-type
+is
+.BR kb ;
+other choices are
+.BR ka ,
+.BR mc ,
+.BR ca ,
+.BR cf ,
+.BR sa ,
+and
+.BR sb .
+.TP
+.B \-mnumerics
+.TP
+.B \-msoft\-float
+The 
+.B \-mnumerics
+option indicates that the processor does support
+floating-point instructions.  The 
+.B \-msoft\-float
+option indicates
+that floating-point support should not be assumed.
+.TP
+.B \-mleaf\-procedures
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-leaf\-procedures
+Do (or do not) attempt to alter leaf procedures to be callable with the
+.I bal
+instruction as well as
+.IR call .
+This will result in more
+efficient code for explicit calls when the
+.I bal
+instruction can be
+substituted by the assembler or linker, but less efficient code in other
+cases, such as calls via function pointers, or using a linker that doesn't
+support this optimization.
+.TP
+.B \-mtail\-call
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-tail\-call
+Do (or do not) make additional attempts (beyond those of the
+machine-independent portions of the compiler) to optimize tail-recursive
+calls into branches.  You may not want to do this because the detection of
+cases where this is not valid is not totally complete.  The default is
+.BR \-mno\-tail\-call .
+.TP
+.B \-mcomplex\-addr
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-complex\-addr
+Assume (or do not assume) that the use of a complex addressing mode is a
+win on this implementation of the i960.  Complex addressing modes may not
+be worthwhile on the K-series, but they definitely are on the C-series.
+The default is currently 
+.B \-mcomplex\-addr
+for all processors except
+the CB and CC.
+.TP
+.B \-mcode\-align
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-code\-align
+Align code to 8-byte boundaries for faster fetching (or don't bother).
+Currently turned on by default for C-series implementations only.
+.TP
+.B \-mic\-compat
+.TP
+.B \-mic2.0\-compat
+.TP
+.B \-mic3.0\-compat
+Enable compatibility with iC960 v2.0 or v3.0.
+.TP
+.B \-masm\-compat
+.TP
+.B \-mintel\-asm
+Enable compatibility with the iC960 assembler.
+.TP
+.B \-mstrict\-align
+.TP
+.B \-mno\-strict\-align
+Do not permit (do permit) unaligned accesses.
+.TP
+.B \-mold\-align
+Enable structure-alignment compatibility with Intel's gcc release version
+1.3 (based on gcc 1.37).  Currently this is buggy in that
+.B #pragma align 1
+is always assumed as well, and cannot be turned off.
+.PP
+These `\|\c
+.B \-m\c
+\&\|' options are defined for the DEC Alpha implementations:
+.TP
+.B \-mno-soft-float
+.TP
+.B \-msoft-float
+Use (do not use) the hardware floating-point instructions for
+floating-point operations.  When \c
+.B \-msoft-float\c
+\& is specified,
+functions in `\|\c
+.B libgcc1.c\c
+\&\|' will be used to perform floating-point
+operations.  Unless they are replaced by routines that emulate the
+floating-point operations, or compiled in such a way as to call such
+emulations routines, these routines will issue floating-point
+operations.   If you are compiling for an Alpha without floating-point
+operations, you must ensure that the library is built so as not to call
+them.
+
+Note that Alpha implementations without floating-point operations are
+required to have floating-point registers.
+.TP
+.B \-mfp-reg
+.TP
+.B \-mno-fp-regs
+Generate code that uses (does not use) the floating-point register set.
+.B \-mno-fp-regs\c
+\& implies \c
+.B \-msoft-float\c
+\&.  If the floating-point
+register set is not used, floating point operands are passed in integer
+registers as if they were integers and floating-point results are passed
+in $0 instead of $f0.  This is a non-standard calling sequence, so any
+function with a floating-point argument or return value called by code
+compiled with \c
+.B \-mno-fp-regs\c
+\& must also be compiled with that
+option.
+
+A typical use of this option is building a kernel that does not use,
+and hence need not save and restore, any floating-point registers.
+.PP
+These additional options are available on System V Release 4 for
+compatibility with other compilers on those systems:
+.TP
+.B \-G
+On SVr4 systems, \c
+.B gcc\c
+\& accepts the option `\|\c
+.B \-G\c
+\&\|' (and passes
+it to the system linker), for compatibility with other compilers.
+However, we suggest you use `\|\c
+.B \-symbolic\c
+\&\|' or `\|\c
+.B \-shared\c
+\&\|' as
+appropriate, instead of supplying linker options on the \c
+.B gcc\c
+\&
+command line.
+.TP
+.B \-Qy
+Identify the versions of each tool used by the compiler, in a
+\c
+.B .ident\c
+\& assembler directive in the output.
+.TP
+.B \-Qn
+Refrain from adding \c
+.B .ident\c
+\& directives to the output file (this is
+the default).
+.TP
+.BI "-YP," "dirs"\c
+\&
+Search the directories \c
+.I dirs\c
+\&, and no others, for libraries
+specified with `\|\c
+.B \-l\c
+\&\|'.  You can separate directory entries in
+\c
+.I dirs\c
+\& from one another with colons.
+.TP
+.BI "-Ym," "dir"\c
+\&
+Look in the directory \c
+.I dir\c
+\& to find the M4 preprocessor.
+The assembler uses this option.
+.PP
+
+.SH CODE GENERATION OPTIONS
+These machine-independent options control the interface conventions
+used in code generation.
+
+Most of them begin with `\|\c
+\-f\c
+\&\|'.  These options have both positive and negative forms; the negative form
+of `\|\c
+.B \-ffoo\c
+\&\|' would be `\|\c
+.B \-fno\-foo\c
+\&\|'.  In the table below, only
+one of the forms is listed\(em\&the one which is not the default.  You
+can figure out the other form by either removing `\|\c
+.B no\-\c
+\&\|' or adding
+it.
+.TP
+.B \-fnonnull\-objects
+Assume that objects reached through references are not null
+(C++ only).
+
+Normally, GNU C++ makes conservative assumptions about objects reached
+through references.  For example, the compiler must check that \c
+.B a\c
+\&
+is not null in code like the following:
+
+.sp
+.br
+obj\ &a\ =\ g\ ();
+.br
+a.f\ (2);
+.br
+.sp
+
+Checking that references of this sort have non-null values requires
+extra code, however, and it is unnecessary for many programs.  You can
+use `\|\c
+.B \-fnonnull-objects\c
+\&\|' to omit the checks for null, if your
+program doesn't require checking.
+.TP
+.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return
+Use the same convention for returning \c
+.B struct\c
+\& and \c
+.B union\c
+\&
+values that is used by the usual C compiler on your system.  This
+convention is less efficient for small structures, and on many
+machines it fails to be reentrant; but it has the advantage of
+allowing intercallability between GCC-compiled code and PCC-compiled
+code.
+.TP
+.B \-freg\-struct\-return
+Use the convention that
+.B struct
+and
+.B union
+values are returned in registers when possible.  This is more
+efficient for small structures than
+.BR \-fpcc\-struct\-return .
+
+If you specify neither
+.B \-fpcc\-struct\-return
+nor
+.BR \-freg\-struct\-return ,
+GNU CC defaults to whichever convention is standard for the target.
+If there is no standard convention, GNU CC defaults to
+.BR \-fpcc\-struct\-return .
+.TP
+.B \-fshort\-enums
+Allocate to an \c
+.B enum\c
+\& type only as many bytes as it needs for the
+declared range of possible values.  Specifically, the \c
+.B enum\c
+\& type
+will be equivalent to the smallest integer type which has enough room.
+.TP
+.B \-fshort\-double
+Use the same size for
+.B double
+as for
+.B float
+\&.
+.TP
+.B \-fshared\-data
+Requests that the data and non-\c
+.B const\c
+\& variables of this
+compilation be shared data rather than private data.  The distinction
+makes sense only on certain operating systems, where shared data is
+shared between processes running the same program, while private data
+exists in one copy per process.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-common
+Allocate even uninitialized global variables in the bss section of the
+object file, rather than generating them as common blocks.  This has the
+effect that if the same variable is declared (without \c
+.B extern\c
+\&) in
+two different compilations, you will get an error when you link them.
+The only reason this might be useful is if you wish to verify that the
+program will work on other systems which always work this way.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-ident
+Ignore the `\|\c
+.B #ident\c
+\&\|' directive.
+.TP
+.B \-fno\-gnu\-linker
+Do not output global initializations (such as C++ constructors and
+destructors) in the form used by the GNU linker (on systems where the GNU
+linker is the standard method of handling them).  Use this option when
+you want to use a non-GNU linker, which also requires using the
+\c
+.B collect2\c
+\& program to make sure the system linker includes
+constructors and destructors.  (\c
+.B collect2\c
+\& is included in the GNU CC
+distribution.)  For systems which \c
+.I must\c
+\& use \c
+.B collect2\c
+\&, the
+compiler driver \c
+.B gcc\c
+\& is configured to do this automatically.
+.TP
+.B \-finhibit-size-directive
+Don't output a \c
+.B .size\c
+\& assembler directive, or anything else that
+would cause trouble if the function is split in the middle, and the 
+two halves are placed at locations far apart in memory.  This option is
+used when compiling `\|\c
+.B crtstuff.c\c
+\&\|'; you should not need to use it
+for anything else.
+.TP
+.B \-fverbose-asm
+Put extra commentary information in the generated assembly code to
+make it more readable.  This option is generally only of use to those
+who actually need to read the generated assembly code (perhaps while
+debugging the compiler itself).
+.TP
+.B \-fvolatile
+Consider all memory references through pointers to be volatile.
+.TP
+.B \-fvolatile\-global
+Consider all memory references to extern and global data items to
+be volatile.
+.TP
+.B \-fpic
+If supported for the target machines, generate position-independent code,
+suitable for use in a shared library.
+.TP
+.B \-fPIC
+If supported for the target machine, emit position-independent code,
+suitable for dynamic linking, even if branches need large displacements.
+.TP
+.BI "\-ffixed\-" "reg"\c
+\&
+Treat the register named \c
+.I reg\c
+\& as a fixed register; generated code
+should never refer to it (except perhaps as a stack pointer, frame
+pointer or in some other fixed role).
+
+\c
+.I reg\c
+\& must be the name of a register.  The register names accepted
+are machine-specific and are defined in the \c
+.B REGISTER_NAMES\c
+\&
+macro in the machine description macro file.
+
+This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a
+three-way choice.
+.TP
+.BI "\-fcall\-used\-" "reg"\c
+\&
+Treat the register named \c
+.I reg\c
+\& as an allocatable register that is
+clobbered by function calls.  It may be allocated for temporaries or
+variables that do not live across a call.  Functions compiled this way
+will not save and restore the register \c
+.I reg\c
+\&.
+
+Use of this flag for a register that has a fixed pervasive role in the
+machine's execution model, such as the stack pointer or frame pointer,
+will produce disastrous results.
+
+This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a
+three-way choice.
+.TP
+.BI "\-fcall\-saved\-" "reg"\c
+\&
+Treat the register named \c
+.I reg\c
+\& as an allocatable register saved by
+functions.  It may be allocated even for temporaries or variables that
+live across a call.  Functions compiled this way will save and restore
+the register \c
+.I reg\c
+\& if they use it.
+
+Use of this flag for a register that has a fixed pervasive role in the
+machine's execution model, such as the stack pointer or frame pointer,
+will produce disastrous results.
+
+A different sort of disaster will result from the use of this flag for
+a register in which function values may be returned.
+
+This flag does not have a negative form, because it specifies a
+three-way choice.
+.PP
+
+.SH PRAGMAS
+Two `\|\c
+.B #pragma\c
+\&\|' directives are supported for GNU C++, to permit using the same
+header file for two purposes: as a definition of interfaces to a given
+object class, and as the full definition of the contents of that object class.
+.TP
+.B #pragma interface
+(C++ only.)
+Use this directive in header files that define object classes, to save
+space in most of the object files that use those classes.  Normally,
+local copies of certain information (backup copies of inline member
+functions, debugging information, and the internal tables that
+implement virtual functions) must be kept in each object file that
+includes class definitions.  You can use this pragma to avoid such
+duplication.  When a header file containing `\|\c
+.B #pragma interface\c
+\&\|' is included in a compilation, this auxiliary information
+will not be generated (unless the main input source file itself uses
+`\|\c
+.B #pragma implementation\c
+\&\|').  Instead, the object files will contain references to be
+resolved at link time.  
+.tr !"
+.TP
+.B #pragma implementation
+.TP
+.BI "#pragma implementation !" objects .h!
+(C++ only.)
+Use this pragma in a main input file, when you want full output from
+included header files to be generated (and made globally visible).
+The included header file, in turn, should use `\|\c
+.B #pragma interface\c
+\&\|'.  
+Backup copies of inline member functions, debugging information, and
+the internal tables used to implement virtual functions are all
+generated in implementation files.
+
+If you use `\|\c
+.B #pragma implementation\c
+\&\|' with no argument, it applies to an include file with the same
+basename as your source file; for example, in `\|\c
+.B allclass.cc\c
+\&\|', `\|\c
+.B #pragma implementation\c
+\&\|' by itself is equivalent to `\|\c
+.B 
+#pragma implementation "allclass.h"\c
+\&\|'.  Use the string argument if you want a single implementation
+file to include code from multiple header files.  
+
+There is no way to split up the contents of a single header file into
+multiple implementation files. 
+.SH FILES
+.ta \w'LIBDIR/g++\-include 'u
+file.c	C source file
+.br
+file.h	C header (preprocessor) file
+.br
+file.i	preprocessed C source file
+.br
+file.C	C++ source file
+.br
+file.cc	C++ source file
+.br
+file.cxx	C++ source file
+.br
+file.m	Objective-C source file
+.br
+file.s	assembly language file
+.br
+file.o	object file
+.br
+a.out	link edited output
+.br
+\fITMPDIR\fR/cc\(**	temporary files
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/cpp	preprocessor
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/cc1	compiler for C
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/cc1plus	compiler for C++
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/collect	linker front end needed on some machines
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/libgcc.a	GCC subroutine library
+.br
+/lib/crt[01n].o	start-up routine
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/ccrt0	additional start-up routine for C++
+.br
+/lib/libc.a	standard C library, see
+.IR intro (3)
+.br
+/usr/include	standard directory for 
+.B #include
+files
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/include	standard gcc directory for
+.B #include
+files
+.br
+\fILIBDIR\fR/g++\-include	additional g++ directory for
+.B #include
+.sp
+.I LIBDIR
+is usually
+.B /usr/local/lib/\c
+.IR machine / version .
+.br
+.I TMPDIR
+comes from the environment variable 
+.B TMPDIR
+(default
+.B /usr/tmp
+if available, else
+.B /tmp\c
+\&).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+cpp(1), as(1), ld(1), gdb(1), adb(1), dbx(1), sdb(1).
+.br
+.RB "`\|" gcc "\|', `\|" cpp \|', 
+.RB `\| as \|', `\| ld \|',
+and 
+.RB `\| gdb \|'
+entries in
+.B info\c
+\&.
+.br
+.I 
+Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c
+, Richard M. Stallman; 
+.I
+The C Preprocessor\c
+, Richard M. Stallman;
+.I 
+Debugging with GDB: the GNU Source-Level Debugger\c
+, Richard M. Stallman and Roland H. Pesch;
+.I
+Using as: the GNU Assembler\c
+, Dean Elsner, Jay Fenlason & friends;
+.I
+ld: the GNU linker\c
+, Steve Chamberlain and Roland Pesch.
+
+.SH BUGS
+For instructions on reporting bugs, see the GCC manual.
+
+.SH COPYING
+Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+.PP
+Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
+this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
+are preserved on all copies.
+.PP
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
+entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+permission notice identical to this one.
+.PP
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
+manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
+versions, except that this permission notice may be included in
+translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in
+the original English.
+.SH AUTHORS
+See the GNU CC Manual for the contributors to GNU CC.
diff --git a/gnu/gcc2/cc/gcc.c b/gnu/gcc2/cc/gcc.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5470d9e7f739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gnu/gcc2/cc/gcc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4242 @@
+/* Compiler driver program that can handle many languages.
+   Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of GNU CC.
+
+GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+any later version.
+
+GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
+the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+
+This paragraph is here to try to keep Sun CC from dying.
+The number of chars here seems crucial!!!!  */
+
+/* This program is the user interface to the C compiler and possibly to
+other compilers.  It is used because compilation is a complicated procedure
+which involves running several programs and passing temporary files between
+them, forwarding the users switches to those programs selectively,
+and deleting the temporary files at the end.
+
+CC recognizes how to compile each input file by suffixes in the file names.
+Once it knows which kind of compilation to perform, the procedure for
+compilation is specified by a string called a "spec".  */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/file.h>   /* May get R_OK, etc. on some systems.  */
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include "obstack.h"
+#include "gvarargs.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#ifndef R_OK
+#define R_OK 4
+#define W_OK 2
+#define X_OK 1
+#endif
+
+/* Define a generic NULL if one hasn't already been defined.  */
+
+#ifndef NULL
+#define NULL 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef GENERIC_PTR
+#if defined (USE_PROTOTYPES) ? USE_PROTOTYPES : defined (__STDC__)
+#define GENERIC_PTR void *
+#else
+#define GENERIC_PTR char *
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NULL_PTR
+#define NULL_PTR ((GENERIC_PTR)0)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USG
+#define vfork fork
+#endif /* USG */
+
+/* On MSDOS, write temp files in current dir
+   because there's no place else we can expect to use.  */
+#if __MSDOS__
+#ifndef P_tmpdir
+#define P_tmpdir "./"
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* Test if something is a normal file.  */
+#ifndef S_ISREG
+#define S_ISREG(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
+#endif
+
+/* Test if something is a directory.  */
+#ifndef S_ISDIR
+#define S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
+#endif
+
+/* By default there is no special suffix for executables.  */
+#ifndef EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX
+#define EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX ""
+#endif
+
+/* By default, colon separates directories in a path.  */
+#ifndef PATH_SEPARATOR
+#define PATH_SEPARATOR ':'
+#endif
+
+#define obstack_chunk_alloc xmalloc
+#define obstack_chunk_free free
+
+extern void free ();
+extern char *getenv ();
+
+extern int errno, sys_nerr;
+extern char *sys_errlist[];
+
+extern int execv (), execvp ();
+
+/* If a stage of compilation returns an exit status >= 1,
+   compilation of that file ceases.  */
+
+#define MIN_FATAL_STATUS 1
+
+/* Flag saying to print the full filename of libgcc.a
+   as found through our usual search mechanism.  */
+
+static int print_libgcc_file_name;
+
+/* Flag indicating whether we should print the command and arguments */
+
+static int verbose_flag;
+
+/* Nonzero means write "temp" files in source directory
+   and use the source file's name in them, and don't delete them.  */
+
+static int save_temps_flag;
+
+/* The compiler version specified with -V */
+
+static char *spec_version;
+
+/* The target machine specified with -b.  */
+
+static char *spec_machine = "";
+
+/* Nonzero if cross-compiling.
+   When -b is used, the value comes from the `specs' file.  */
+
+#ifdef CROSS_COMPILE
+static int cross_compile = 1;
+#else
+static int cross_compile = 0;
+#endif
+
+/* The number of errors that have occurred; the link phase will not be
+   run if this is non-zero.  */
+static int error_count = 0;
+
+/* This is the obstack which we use to allocate many strings.  */
+
+static struct obstack obstack;
+
+/* This is the obstack to build an environment variable to pass to
+   collect2 that describes all of the relevant switches of what to
+   pass the compiler in building the list of pointers to constructors
+   and destructors.  */
+
+static struct obstack collect_obstack;
+
+extern char *version_string;
+
+static void set_spec ();
+static struct compiler *lookup_compiler ();
+static char *find_a_file ();
+static void add_prefix ();
+static char *skip_whitespace ();
+static void record_temp_file ();
+static char *handle_braces ();
+static char *save_string ();
+static char *concat ();
+static int do_spec ();
+static int do_spec_1 ();
+static char *find_file ();
+static int is_directory ();
+static void validate_switches ();
+static void validate_all_switches ();
+static void give_switch ();
+static void pfatal_with_name ();
+static void perror_with_name ();
+static void perror_exec ();
+static void fatal ();
+static void error ();
+void fancy_abort ();
+char *xmalloc ();
+char *xrealloc ();
+
+/* Specs are strings containing lines, each of which (if not blank)
+is made up of a program name, and arguments separated by spaces.
+The program name must be exact and start from root, since no path
+is searched and it is unreliable to depend on the current working directory.
+Redirection of input or output is not supported; the subprograms must
+accept filenames saying what files to read and write.
+
+In addition, the specs can contain %-sequences to substitute variable text
+or for conditional text.  Here is a table of all defined %-sequences.
+Note that spaces are not generated automatically around the results of
+expanding these sequences; therefore, you can concatenate them together
+or with constant text in a single argument.
+
+ %%	substitute one % into the program name or argument.
+ %i     substitute the name of the input file being processed.
+ %b     substitute the basename of the input file being processed.
+	This is the substring up to (and not including) the last period
+	and not including the directory.
+ %g     substitute the temporary-file-name-base.  This is a string chosen
+	once per compilation.  Different temporary file names are made by
+	concatenation of constant strings on the end, as in `%g.s'.
+	%g also has the same effect of %d.
+ %u	like %g, but make the temporary file name unique.
+ %U	returns the last file name generated with %u.
+ %d	marks the argument containing or following the %d as a
+	temporary file name, so that that file will be deleted if CC exits
+	successfully.  Unlike %g, this contributes no text to the argument.
+ %w	marks the argument containing or following the %w as the
+	"output file" of this compilation.  This puts the argument
+	into the sequence of arguments that %o will substitute later.
+ %W{...}
+	like %{...} but mark last argument supplied within
+	as a file to be deleted on failure.
+ %o	substitutes the names of all the output files, with spaces
+	automatically placed around them.  You should write spaces
+	around the %o as well or the results are undefined.
+	%o is for use in the specs for running the linker.
+	Input files whose names have no recognized suffix are not compiled
+	at all, but they are included among the output files, so they will
+	be linked.
+ %p	substitutes the standard macro predefinitions for the
+	current target machine.  Use this when running cpp.
+ %P	like %p, but puts `__' before and after the name of each macro.
+	(Except macros that already have __.)
+	This is for ANSI C.
+ %I	Substitute a -iprefix option made from GCC_EXEC_PREFIX.
+ %s     current argument is the name of a library or startup file of some sort.
+        Search for that file in a standard list of directories
+	and substitute the full name found.
+ %eSTR  Print STR as an error message.  STR is terminated by a newline.
+        Use this when inconsistent options are detected.
+ %x{OPTION}	Accumulate an option for %X.
+ %X	Output the accumulated linker options specified by compilations.
+ %Y	Output the accumulated assembler options specified by compilations.
+ %a     process ASM_SPEC as a spec.
+        This allows config.h to specify part of the spec for running as.
+ %A	process ASM_FINAL_SPEC as a spec.  A capital A is actually
+	used here.  This can be used to run a post-processor after the
+	assembler has done it's job.
+ %D	Dump out a -L option for each directory in startfile_prefix.
+ %l     process LINK_SPEC as a spec.
+ %L     process LIB_SPEC as a spec.
+ %S     process STARTFILE_SPEC as a spec.  A capital S is actually used here.
+ %E     process ENDFILE_SPEC as a spec.  A capital E is actually used here.
+ %c	process SIGNED_CHAR_SPEC as a spec.
+ %C     process CPP_SPEC as a spec.  A capital C is actually used here.
+ %1	process CC1_SPEC as a spec.
+ %2	process CC1PLUS_SPEC as a spec.
+ %|	output "-" if the input for the current command is coming from a pipe.
+ %*	substitute the variable part of a matched option.  (See below.)
+	Note that each comma in the substituted string is replaced by
+	a single space.
+ %{S}   substitutes the -S switch, if that switch was given to CC.
+	If that switch was not specified, this substitutes nothing.
+	Here S is a metasyntactic variable.
+ %{S*}  substitutes all the switches specified to CC whose names start
+	with -S.  This is used for -o, -D, -I, etc; switches that take
+	arguments.  CC considers `-o foo' as being one switch whose
+	name starts with `o'.  %{o*} would substitute this text,
+	including the space; thus, two arguments would be generated.
+ %{S*:X} substitutes X if one or more switches whose names start with -S are
+	specified to CC.  Note that the tail part of the -S option
+	(i.e. the part matched by the `*') will be substituted for each
+	occurrence of %* within X.
+ %{S:X} substitutes X, but only if the -S switch was given to CC.
+ %{!S:X} substitutes X, but only if the -S switch was NOT given to CC.
+ %{|S:X} like %{S:X}, but if no S switch, substitute `-'.
+ %{|!S:X} like %{!S:X}, but if there is an S switch, substitute `-'.
+ %{.S:X} substitutes X, but only if processing a file with suffix S.
+ %{!.S:X} substitutes X, but only if NOT processing a file with suffix S.
+ %(Spec) processes a specification defined in a specs file as *Spec:
+ %[Spec] as above, but put __ around -D arguments
+
+The conditional text X in a %{S:X} or %{!S:X} construct may contain
+other nested % constructs or spaces, or even newlines.  They are
+processed as usual, as described above.
+
+The character | is used to indicate that a command should be piped to
+the following command, but only if -pipe is specified.
+
+Note that it is built into CC which switches take arguments and which
+do not.  You might think it would be useful to generalize this to
+allow each compiler's spec to say which switches take arguments.  But
+this cannot be done in a consistent fashion.  CC cannot even decide
+which input files have been specified without knowing which switches
+take arguments, and it must know which input files to compile in order
+to tell which compilers to run.
+
+CC also knows implicitly that arguments starting in `-l' are to be
+treated as compiler output files, and passed to the linker in their
+proper position among the other output files.  */
+
+/* Define the macros used for specs %a, %l, %L, %S, %c, %C, %1.  */
+
+/* config.h can define ASM_SPEC to provide extra args to the assembler
+   or extra switch-translations.  */
+#ifndef ASM_SPEC
+#define ASM_SPEC ""
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define ASM_FINAL_SPEC to run a post processor after
+   the assembler has run.  */
+#ifndef ASM_FINAL_SPEC
+#define ASM_FINAL_SPEC ""
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define CPP_SPEC to provide extra args to the C preprocessor
+   or extra switch-translations.  */
+#ifndef CPP_SPEC
+#define CPP_SPEC ""
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define CC1_SPEC to provide extra args to cc1 and cc1plus
+   or extra switch-translations.  */
+#ifndef CC1_SPEC
+#define CC1_SPEC ""
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define CC1PLUS_SPEC to provide extra args to cc1plus
+   or extra switch-translations.  */
+#ifndef CC1PLUS_SPEC
+#define CC1PLUS_SPEC ""
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define LINK_SPEC to provide extra args to the linker
+   or extra switch-translations.  */
+#ifndef LINK_SPEC
+#define LINK_SPEC ""
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define LIB_SPEC to override the default libraries.  */
+#ifndef LIB_SPEC
+#define LIB_SPEC "%{g*:-lg} %{!p:%{!pg:-lc}}%{p:-lc_p}%{pg:-lc_p}"
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define STARTFILE_SPEC to override the default crt0 files.  */
+#ifndef STARTFILE_SPEC
+#define STARTFILE_SPEC  \
+  "%{pg:gcrt0.o%s}%{!pg:%{p:mcrt0.o%s}%{!p:crt0.o%s}}"
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define SWITCHES_NEED_SPACES to control passing -o and -L.
+   Make the string nonempty to require spaces there.  */
+#ifndef SWITCHES_NEED_SPACES
+#define SWITCHES_NEED_SPACES ""
+#endif
+
+/* config.h can define ENDFILE_SPEC to override the default crtn files.  */
+#ifndef ENDFILE_SPEC
+#define ENDFILE_SPEC ""
+#endif
+
+/* This spec is used for telling cpp whether char is signed or not.  */
+#ifndef SIGNED_CHAR_SPEC
+/* Use #if rather than ?:
+   because MIPS C compiler rejects like ?: in initializers.  */
+#if DEFAULT_SIGNED_CHAR
+#define SIGNED_CHAR_SPEC "%{funsigned-char:-D__CHAR_UNSIGNED__}"
+#else
+#define SIGNED_CHAR_SPEC "%{!fsigned-char:-D__CHAR_UNSIGNED__}"
+#endif
+#endif
+
+static char *cpp_spec = CPP_SPEC;
+static char *cpp_predefines = CPP_PREDEFINES;
+static char *cc1_spec = CC1_SPEC;
+static char *cc1plus_spec = CC1PLUS_SPEC;
+static char *signed_char_spec = SIGNED_CHAR_SPEC;
+static char *asm_spec = ASM_SPEC;
+static char *asm_final_spec = ASM_FINAL_SPEC;
+static char *link_spec = LINK_SPEC;
+static char *lib_spec = LIB_SPEC;
+static char *endfile_spec = ENDFILE_SPEC;
+static char *startfile_spec = STARTFILE_SPEC;
+static char *switches_need_spaces = SWITCHES_NEED_SPACES;
+
+/* This defines which switch letters take arguments.  */
+
+#ifndef SWITCH_TAKES_ARG
+#define SWITCH_TAKES_ARG(CHAR)      \
+  ((CHAR) == 'D' || (CHAR) == 'U' || (CHAR) == 'o' \
+   || (CHAR) == 'e' || (CHAR) == 'T' || (CHAR) == 'u' \
+   || (CHAR) == 'I' || (CHAR) == 'm' \
+   || (CHAR) == 'L' || (CHAR) == 'A')
+#endif
+
+/* This defines which multi-letter switches take arguments.  */
+
+#define DEFAULT_WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG(STR)		\
+ (!strcmp (STR, "Tdata") || !strcmp (STR, "Ttext")	\
+  || !strcmp (STR, "Tbss") || !strcmp (STR, "include")	\
+  || !strcmp (STR, "imacros") || !strcmp (STR, "aux-info") \
+  || !strcmp (STR, "idirafter") || !strcmp (STR, "iprefix") \
+  || !strcmp (STR, "iwithprefix"))
+
+#ifndef WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG
+#define WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG(STR) DEFAULT_WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (STR)
+#endif
+
+/* Record the mapping from file suffixes for compilation specs.  */
+
+struct compiler
+{
+  char *suffix;			/* Use this compiler for input files
+				   whose names end in this suffix.  */
+
+  char *spec[4];		/* To use this compiler, concatenate these
+				   specs and pass to do_spec.  */
+};
+
+/* Pointer to a vector of `struct compiler' that gives the spec for
+   compiling a file, based on its suffix.
+   A file that does not end in any of these suffixes will be passed
+   unchanged to the loader and nothing else will be done to it.
+
+   An entry containing two 0s is used to terminate the vector.
+
+   If multiple entries match a file, the last matching one is used.  */
+
+static struct compiler *compilers;
+
+/* Number of entries in `compilers', not counting the null terminator.  */
+
+static int n_compilers;
+
+/* The default list of file name suffixes and their compilation specs.  */
+
+static struct compiler default_compilers[] =
+{
+  {".c", "@c"},
+  {"@c",
+   "gcpp -lang-c %{nostdinc*} %{C} %{v} %{A*} %{I*} %{P} %I\
+	%{C:%{!E:%eGNU C does not support -C without using -E}}\
+	%{M} %{MM} %{MD:-MD %b.d} %{MMD:-MMD %b.d}\
+        -undef -D__GNUC__=2 %{ansi:-trigraphs -$ -D__STRICT_ANSI__}\
+	%{!undef:%{!ansi:%p} %P} %{trigraphs} \
+        %c %{O*:%{!O0:-D__OPTIMIZE__}} %{traditional} %{ftraditional:-traditional}\
+        %{traditional-cpp:-traditional}\
+	%{g*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{H} %{d*} %C %{D*} %{U*} %{i*}\
+        %i %{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!pipe:%g.i}}}}%{E:%W{o*}}%{M:%W{o*}}%{MM:%W{o*}} |\n",
+   "%{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:gcc1 %{!pipe:%g.i} %1 \
+		   %{!Q:-quiet} -dumpbase %b.c %{d*} %{m*} %{a}\
+		   %{g*} %{O*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{ansi} \
+		   %{traditional} %{v:-version} %{pg:-p} %{p} %{f*}\
+		   %{aux-info*}\
+		   %{pg:%{fomit-frame-pointer:%e-pg and -fomit-frame-pointer are incompatible}}\
+		   %{S:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %b.s}}%{!S:-o %{|!pipe:%g.s}} |\n\
+              %{!S:as %{R} %{j} %{J} %{h} %{d2} %a %Y\
+		      %{c:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %w%b.o}}%{!c:-o %d%w%u.o}\
+                      %{!pipe:%g.s} %A\n }}}}"},
+  {"-",
+   "%{E:gcpp -lang-c %{nostdinc*} %{C} %{v} %{A*} %{I*} %{P} %I\
+	%{C:%{!E:%eGNU C does not support -C without using -E}}\
+	%{M} %{MM} %{MD:-MD %b.d} %{MMD:-MMD %b.d}\
+        -undef -D__GNUC__=2 %{ansi:-trigraphs -$ -D__STRICT_ANSI__}\
+	%{!undef:%{!ansi:%p} %P} %{trigraphs}\
+        %c %{O*:%{!O0:-D__OPTIMIZE__}} %{traditional} %{ftraditional:-traditional}\
+        %{traditional-cpp:-traditional}\
+	%{g*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{H} %{d*} %C %{D*} %{U*} %{i*}\
+        %i %W{o*}}\
+    %{!E:%e-E required when input is from standard input}"},
+  {".m", "@objective-c"},
+  {"@objective-c",
+   "gcpp -lang-objc %{nostdinc*} %{C} %{v} %{A*} %{I*} %{P} %I\
+	%{C:%{!E:%eGNU C does not support -C without using -E}}\
+	%{M} %{MM} %{MD:-MD %b.d} %{MMD:-MMD %b.d}\
+        -undef -D__OBJC__ -D__GNUC__=2 %{ansi:-trigraphs -$ -D__STRICT_ANSI__}\
+	%{!undef:%{!ansi:%p} %P} %{trigraphs}\
+        %c %{O*:%{!O0:-D__OPTIMIZE__}} %{traditional} %{ftraditional:-traditional}\
+        %{traditional-cpp:-traditional}\
+	%{g*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{H} %{d*} %C %{D*} %{U*} %{i*}\
+        %i %{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!pipe:%g.i}}}}%{E:%W{o*}}%{M:%W{o*}}%{MM:%W{o*}} |\n",
+   "%{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:gcc1obj %{!pipe:%g.i} %1 \
+		   %{!Q:-quiet} -dumpbase %b.m %{d*} %{m*} %{a}\
+		   %{g*} %{O*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{ansi} \
+		   %{traditional} %{v:-version} %{pg:-p} %{p} %{f*} \
+    		   -lang-objc %{gen-decls} \
+		   %{aux-info*}\
+		   %{pg:%{fomit-frame-pointer:%e-pg and -fomit-frame-pointer are incompatible}}\
+		   %{S:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %b.s}}%{!S:-o %{|!pipe:%g.s}} |\n\
+              %{!S:as %{R} %{j} %{J} %{h} %{d2} %a %Y\
+		      %{c:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %w%b.o}}%{!c:-o %d%w%u.o}\
+                      %{!pipe:%g.s} %A\n }}}}"},
+  {".h", "@c-header"},
+  {"@c-header",
+   "%{!E:%eCompilation of header file requested} \
+    gcpp %{nostdinc*} %{C} %{v} %{A*} %{I*} %{P} %I\
+	%{C:%{!E:%eGNU C does not support -C without using -E}}\
+	 %{M} %{MM} %{MD:-MD %b.d} %{MMD:-MMD %b.d} \
+        -undef -D__GNUC__=2 %{ansi:-trigraphs -$ -D__STRICT_ANSI__}\
+	%{!undef:%{!ansi:%p} %P} %{trigraphs}\
+        %c %{O*:%{!O0:-D__OPTIMIZE__}} %{traditional} %{ftraditional:-traditional}\
+        %{traditional-cpp:-traditional}\
+	%{g*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{H} %{d*} %C %{D*} %{U*} %{i*}\
+        %i %W{o*}"},
+  {".cc", "@c++"},
+  {".cxx", "@c++"},
+  {".C", "@c++"},
+  {"@c++",
+   "gcpp -lang-c++ %{nostdinc*} %{C} %{v} %{A*} %{I*} %{P} %I\
+	%{C:%{!E:%eGNU C++ does not support -C without using -E}}\
+	%{M} %{MM} %{MD:-MD %b.d} %{MMD:-MMD %b.d} \
+	-undef -D__GNUC__=2 -D__GNUG__=2 -D__cplusplus \
+	%{ansi:-trigraphs -$ -D__STRICT_ANSI__} %{!undef:%{!ansi:%p} %P}\
+        %c %{O*:%{!O0:-D__OPTIMIZE__}} %{traditional} %{ftraditional:-traditional}\
+        %{traditional-cpp:-traditional} %{trigraphs}\
+	%{g*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{H} %{d*} %C %{D*} %{U*} %{i*}\
+        %i %{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!pipe:%g.i}}}}%{E:%W{o*}}%{M:%W{o*}}%{MM:%W{o*}} |\n",
+   "%{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:gcc1plus %{!pipe:%g.i} %1 %2\
+		   %{!Q:-quiet} -dumpbase %b.cc %{d*} %{m*} %{a}\
+		   %{g*} %{O*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{ansi} %{traditional}\
+		   %{v:-version} %{pg:-p} %{p} %{f*} %{+e*}\
+		   %{aux-info*}\
+		   %{pg:%{fomit-frame-pointer:%e-pg and -fomit-frame-pointer are incompatible}}\
+		   %{S:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %b.s}}%{!S:-o %{|!pipe:%g.s}} |\n\
+              %{!S:as %{R} %{j} %{J} %{h} %{d2} %a %Y\
+		      %{c:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %w%b.o}}%{!c:-o %d%w%u.o}\
+                      %{!pipe:%g.s} %A\n }}}}"},
+  {".i", "@cpp-output"},
+  {"@cpp-output",
+   "gcc1 %i %1 %{!Q:-quiet} %{d*} %{m*} %{a}\
+	%{g*} %{O*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{ansi} %{traditional}\
+	%{v:-version} %{pg:-p} %{p} %{f*}\
+	%{aux-info*}\
+	%{pg:%{fomit-frame-pointer:%e-pg and -fomit-frame-pointer are incompatible}}\
+	%{S:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %b.s}}%{!S:-o %{|!pipe:%g.s}} |\n\
+    %{!S:as %{R} %{j} %{J} %{h} %{d2} %a %Y\
+            %{c:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %w%b.o}}%{!c:-o %d%w%u.o} %{!pipe:%g.s} %A\n }"},
+  {".ii", "@c++-cpp-output"},
+  {"@c++-cpp-output",
+   "gcc1plus %i %1 %2 %{!Q:-quiet} %{d*} %{m*} %{a}\
+	    %{g*} %{O*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{ansi} %{traditional}\
+	    %{v:-version} %{pg:-p} %{p} %{f*} %{+e*}\
+	    %{aux-info*}\
+	    %{pg:%{fomit-frame-pointer:%e-pg and -fomit-frame-pointer are incompatible}}\
+	    %{S:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %b.s}}%{!S:-o %{|!pipe:%g.s}} |\n\
+       %{!S:as %{R} %{j} %{J} %{h} %{d2} %a %Y\
+	       %{c:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %w%b.o}}%{!c:-o %d%w%u.o}\
+	       %{!pipe:%g.s} %A\n }"},
+  {".s", "@assembler"},
+  {"@assembler",
+   "%{!S:as %{R} %{j} %{J} %{h} %{d2} %a %Y\
+            %{c:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %w%b.o}}%{!c:-o %d%w%u.o} %i %A\n }"},
+  {".S", "@assembler-with-cpp"},
+  {"@assembler-with-cpp",
+   "gcpp -lang-asm %{nostdinc*} %{C} %{v} %{A*} %{I*} %{P} %I\
+	%{C:%{!E:%eGNU C does not support -C without using -E}}\
+	%{M} %{MM} %{MD:-MD %b.d} %{MMD:-MMD %b.d} %{trigraphs} \
+        -undef -$ %{!undef:%p %P} -D__ASSEMBLER__ \
+        %c %{O*:%{!O0:-D__OPTIMIZE__}} %{traditional} %{ftraditional:-traditional}\
+        %{traditional-cpp:-traditional}\
+	%{g*} %{W*} %{w} %{pedantic*} %{H} %{d*} %C %{D*} %{U*} %{i*}\
+        %i %{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!pipe:%g.s}}}}%{E:%W{o*}}%{M:%W{o*}}%{MM:%W{o*}} |\n",
+   "%{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!S:as %{R} %{j} %{J} %{h} %{d2} %a %Y\
+                    %{c:%W{o*}%{!o*:-o %w%b.o}}%{!c:-o %d%w%u.o}\
+		    %{!pipe:%g.s} %A\n }}}}"},
+  /* Mark end of table */
+  {0, 0}
+};
+
+/* Number of elements in default_compilers, not counting the terminator.  */
+
+static int n_default_compilers
+  = (sizeof default_compilers / sizeof (struct compiler)) - 1;
+
+/* Here is the spec for running the linker, after compiling all files.  */
+
+/* -u* was put back because both BSD and SysV seem to support it.  */
+/* %{static:} simply prevents an error message if the target machine
+   doesn't handle -static.  */
+#ifdef LINK_LIBGCC_SPECIAL_1
+/* Have gcc do the search for libgcc.a, but generate -L options as usual.  */
+static char *link_command_spec = "\
+%{!fsyntax-only: \
+ %{!c:%{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!S:ld %l %X %{o*} %{A} %{d} %{e*} %{m} %{N} %{n} \
+			%{r} %{s} %{T*} %{t} %{u*} %{x} %{z}\
+			%{!A:%{!nostartfiles:%{!nostdlib:%S}}} %{static:}\
+			%{L*} %D %o %{!nostdlib:libgcc.a%s %L libgcc.a%s %{!A:%E}}\n }}}}}}";
+#else
+#ifdef LINK_LIBGCC_SPECIAL
+/* Have gcc do the search for libgcc.a, and don't generate -L options.  */
+static char *link_command_spec = "\
+%{!fsyntax-only: \
+ %{!c:%{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!S:ld %l %X %{o*} %{A} %{d} %{e*} %{m} %{N} %{n} \
+			%{r} %{s} %{T*} %{t} %{u*} %{x} %{z}\
+			%{!A:%{!nostartfiles:%{!nostdlib:%S}}} %{static:}\
+			%{L*} %o %{!nostdlib:libgcc.a%s %L libgcc.a%s %{!A:%E}}\n }}}}}}";
+#else
+/* Use -L and have the linker do the search for -lgcc.  */
+static char *link_command_spec = "\
+%{!fsyntax-only: \
+ %{!c:%{!M:%{!MM:%{!E:%{!S:ld %l %X %{o*} %{A} %{d} %{e*} %{m} %{N} %{n} \
+			%{r} %{s} %{T*} %{t} %{u*} %{x} %{z}\
+			%{!A:%{!nostartfiles:%{!nostdlib:%S}}} %{static:}\
+			%{L*} %D %o %{!nostdlib:-lgcc %L -lgcc %{!A:%E}}\n }}}}}}";
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* A vector of options to give to the linker.
+   These options are accumulated by -Xlinker and -Wl,
+   and substituted into the linker command with %X.  */
+static int n_linker_options;
+static char **linker_options;
+
+/* A vector of options to give to the assembler.
+   These options are accumulated by -Wa,
+   and substituted into the assembler command with %X.  */
+static int n_assembler_options;
+static char **assembler_options;
+
+/* Define how to map long options into short ones.  */
+
+/* This structure describes one mapping.  */
+struct option_map
+{
+  /* The long option's name.  */
+  char *name;
+  /* The equivalent short option.  */
+  char *equivalent;
+  /* Argument info.  A string of flag chars; NULL equals no options.
+     a => argument required.
+     o => argument optional.
+     j => join argument to equivalent, making one word.
+     * => allow other text after NAME as an argument.  */
+  char *arg_info;
+};
+
+/* This is the table of mappings.  Mappings are tried sequentially
+   for each option encountered; the first one that matches, wins.  */
+
+struct option_map option_map[] =
+ {
+   {"--profile-blocks", "-a", 0},
+   {"--target", "-b", "a"},
+   {"--compile", "-c", 0},
+   {"--dump", "-d", "a"},
+   {"--entry", "-e", 0},
+   {"--debug", "-g", "oj"},
+   {"--include", "-include", "a"},
+   {"--imacros", "-imacros", "a"},
+   {"--include-prefix", "-iprefix", "a"},
+   {"--include-directory-after", "-idirafter", "a"},
+   {"--include-with-prefix", "-iwithprefix", "a"},
+   {"--machine-", "-m", "*j"},
+   {"--machine", "-m", "aj"},
+   {"--no-standard-includes", "-nostdinc", 0},
+   {"--no-standard-libraries", "-nostdlib", 0},
+   {"--no-precompiled-includes", "-noprecomp", 0},
+   {"--output", "-o", "a"},
+   {"--profile", "-p", 0},
+   {"--quiet", "-q", 0},
+   {"--silent", "-q", 0},
+   {"--force-link", "-u", "a"},
+   {"--verbose", "-v", 0},
+   {"--no-warnings", "-w", 0},
+   {"--language", "-x", "a"},
+
+   {"--assert", "-A", "a"},
+   {"--prefix", "-B", "a"},
+   {"--comments", "-C", 0},
+   {"--define-macro", "-D", "a"},
+   {"--preprocess", "-E", 0},
+   {"--trace-includes", "-H", 0},
+   {"--include-directory", "-I", "a"},
+   {"--include-barrier", "-I-", 0},
+   {"--library-directory", "-L", "a"},
+   {"--dependencies", "-M", 0},
+   {"--user-dependencies", "-MM", 0},
+   {"--write-dependencies", "-MD", 0},
+   {"--write-user-dependencies", "-MMD", 0},
+   {"--optimize", "-O", "oj"},
+   {"--no-line-commands", "-P", 0},
+   {"--assemble", "-S", 0},
+   {"--undefine-macro", "-U", "a"},
+   {"--use-version", "-V", "a"},
+   {"--for-assembler", "-Wa", "a"},
+   {"--extra-warnings", "-W", 0},
+   {"--all-warnings", "-Wall", 0},
+   {"--warn-", "-W", "*j"},
+   {"--for-linker", "-Xlinker", "a"},
+
+   {"--ansi", "-ansi", 0},
+   {"--traditional", "-traditional", 0},
+   {"--traditional-cpp", "-traditional-cpp", 0},
+   {"--trigraphs", "-trigraphs", 0},
+   {"--pipe", "-pipe", 0},
+   {"--dumpbase", "-dumpbase", "a"},
+   {"--pedantic", "-pedantic", 0},
+   {"--pedantic-errors", "-pedantic-errors", 0},
+   {"--save-temps", "-save-temps", 0},
+   {"--print-libgcc-file-name", "-print-libgcc-file-name", 0},
+   {"--static", "-static", 0},
+   {"--shared", "-shared", 0},
+   {"--symbolic", "-symbolic", 0},
+   {"--", "-f", "*j"}
+ };
+
+/* Translate the options described by *ARGCP and *ARGVP.
+   Make a new vector and store it back in *ARGVP,
+   and store its length in *ARGVC.  */
+
+static void
+translate_options (argcp, argvp)
+     int *argcp;
+     char ***argvp;
+{
+  int i, j;
+  int argc = *argcp;
+  char **argv = *argvp;
+  char **newv = (char **) xmalloc ((argc + 2) * 2 * sizeof (char *));
+  int newindex = 0;
+
+  i = 0;
+  newv[newindex++] = argv[i++];
+
+  while (i < argc)
+    {
+      /* Translate -- options.  */
+      if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == '-')
+	{
+	  /* Find a mapping that applies to this option.  */
+	  for (j = 0; j < sizeof (option_map) / sizeof (option_map[0]); j++)
+	    {
+	      int optlen = strlen (option_map[j].name);
+	      int complen = strlen (argv[i]);
+	      char *arginfo = option_map[j].arg_info;
+
+	      if (arginfo == 0)
+		arginfo = "";
+	      if (complen > optlen)
+		complen = optlen;
+	      if (!strncmp (argv[i], option_map[j].name, complen))
+		{
+		  int extra = strlen (argv[i]) > optlen;
+		  char *arg = 0;
+
+		  if (extra)
+		    {
+		      /* If the option has an argument, accept that.  */
+		      if (argv[i][optlen] == '=')
+			arg = argv[i] + optlen + 1;
+		      /* If this mapping allows extra text at end of name,
+			 accept that as "argument".  */
+		      else if (index (arginfo, '*') != 0)
+			arg = argv[i] + optlen;
+		      /* Otherwise, extra text at end means mismatch.
+			 Try other mappings.  */
+		      else
+			continue;
+		    }
+		  else if (index (arginfo, '*') != 0)
+		    error ("Incomplete `%s' option", option_map[j].name);
+
+		  /* Handle arguments.  */
+		  if (index (arginfo, 'o') != 0)
+		    {
+		      if (arg == 0)
+			{
+			  if (i + 1 == argc)
+			    error ("Missing argument to `%s' option",
+				   option_map[j].name);
+			  arg = argv[++i];
+			}
+		    }
+		  else if (index (arginfo, 'a') == 0)
+		    {
+		      if (arg != 0)
+			error ("Extraneous argument to `%s' option",
+			       option_map[j].name);
+		      arg = 0;
+		    }
+
+		  /* Store the translation as one argv elt or as two.  */
+		  if (arg != 0 && index (arginfo, 'j') != 0)
+		    newv[newindex++] = concat (option_map[j].equivalent,
+					       arg, "");
+		  else if (arg != 0)
+		    {
+		      newv[newindex++] = option_map[j].equivalent;
+		      newv[newindex++] = arg;
+		    }
+		  else
+		    newv[newindex++] = option_map[j].equivalent;
+
+		  break;
+		}
+	    }
+	  i++;
+	}
+      /* Handle old-fashioned options--just copy them through,
+	 with their arguments.  */
+      else if (argv[i][0] == '-')
+	{
+	  char *p = argv[i] + 1;
+	  int c = *p;
+	  int nskip = 1;
+
+	  if (SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (c) > (p[1] != 0))
+	    nskip += SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (c) - (p[1] != 0);
+	  else if (WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (p))
+	    nskip += WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (p);
+
+	  while (nskip > 0)
+	    {
+	      newv[newindex++] = argv[i++];
+	      nskip--;
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	/* Ordinary operands, or +e options.  */
+	newv[newindex++] = argv[i++];
+    }
+
+  newv[newindex] = 0;
+
+  *argvp = newv;
+  *argcp = newindex;
+}
+
+/* Read compilation specs from a file named FILENAME,
+   replacing the default ones.
+
+   A suffix which starts with `*' is a definition for
+   one of the machine-specific sub-specs.  The "suffix" should be
+   *asm, *cc1, *cpp, *link, *startfile, *signed_char, etc.
+   The corresponding spec is stored in asm_spec, etc.,
+   rather than in the `compilers' vector.
+
+   Anything invalid in the file is a fatal error.  */
+
+static void
+read_specs (filename)
+     char *filename;
+{
+  int desc;
+  struct stat statbuf;
+  char *buffer;
+  register char *p;
+
+  if (verbose_flag)
+    fprintf (stderr, "Reading specs from %s\n", filename);
+
+  /* Open and stat the file.  */
+  desc = open (filename, 0, 0);
+  if (desc < 0)
+    pfatal_with_name (filename);
+  if (stat (filename, &statbuf) < 0)
+    pfatal_with_name (filename);
+
+  /* Read contents of file into BUFFER.  */
+  buffer = xmalloc ((unsigned) statbuf.st_size + 1);
+  read (desc, buffer, (unsigned) statbuf.st_size);
+  buffer[statbuf.st_size] = 0;
+  close (desc);
+
+  /* Scan BUFFER for specs, putting them in the vector.  */
+  p = buffer;
+  while (1)
+    {
+      char *suffix;
+      char *spec;
+      char *in, *out, *p1, *p2;
+
+      /* Advance P in BUFFER to the next nonblank nocomment line.  */
+      p = skip_whitespace (p);
+      if (*p == 0)
+	break;
+
+      /* Find the colon that should end the suffix.  */
+      p1 = p;
+      while (*p1 && *p1 != ':' && *p1 != '\n') p1++;
+      /* The colon shouldn't be missing.  */
+      if (*p1 != ':')
+	fatal ("specs file malformed after %d characters", p1 - buffer);
+      /* Skip back over trailing whitespace.  */
+      p2 = p1;
+      while (p2 > buffer && (p2[-1] == ' ' || p2[-1] == '\t')) p2--;
+      /* Copy the suffix to a string.  */
+      suffix = save_string (p, p2 - p);
+      /* Find the next line.  */
+      p = skip_whitespace (p1 + 1);
+      if (p[1] == 0)
+	fatal ("specs file malformed after %d characters", p - buffer);
+      p1 = p;
+      /* Find next blank line.  */
+      while (*p1 && !(*p1 == '\n' && p1[1] == '\n')) p1++;
+      /* Specs end at the blank line and do not include the newline.  */
+      spec = save_string (p, p1 - p);
+      p = p1;
+
+      /* Delete backslash-newline sequences from the spec.  */
+      in = spec;
+      out = spec;
+      while (*in != 0)
+	{
+	  if (in[0] == '\\' && in[1] == '\n')
+	    in += 2;
+	  else if (in[0] == '#')
+	    {
+	      while (*in && *in != '\n') in++;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    *out++ = *in++;
+	}
+      *out = 0;
+
+      if (suffix[0] == '*')
+	{
+	  if (! strcmp (suffix, "*link_command"))
+	    link_command_spec = spec;
+	  else
+	    set_spec (suffix + 1, spec);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Add this pair to the vector.  */
+	  compilers
+	    = ((struct compiler *)
+	       xrealloc (compilers, (n_compilers + 2) * sizeof (struct compiler)));
+	  compilers[n_compilers].suffix = suffix;
+	  bzero (compilers[n_compilers].spec,
+		 sizeof compilers[n_compilers].spec);
+	  compilers[n_compilers].spec[0] = spec;
+	  n_compilers++;
+	}
+
+      if (*suffix == 0)
+	link_command_spec = spec;
+    }
+
+  if (link_command_spec == 0)
+    fatal ("spec file has no spec for linking");
+}
+
+static char *
+skip_whitespace (p)
+     char *p;
+{
+  while (1)
+    {
+      /* A fully-blank line is a delimiter in the SPEC file and shouldn't
+	 be considered whitespace.  */
+      if (p[0] == '\n' && p[1] == '\n' && p[2] == '\n')
+	return p + 1;
+      else if (*p == '\n' || *p == ' ' || *p == '\t')
+	p++;
+      else if (*p == '#')
+	{
+	  while (*p != '\n') p++;
+	  p++;
+	}
+      else
+	break;
+    }
+
+  return p;
+}
+
+/* Structure to keep track of the specs that have been defined so far.  These
+   are accessed using %(specname) or %[specname] in a compiler or link spec. */
+
+struct spec_list
+{
+  char *name;                 /* Name of the spec. */
+  char *spec;                 /* The spec itself. */
+  struct spec_list *next;     /* Next spec in linked list. */
+};
+
+/* List of specs that have been defined so far. */
+
+static struct spec_list *specs = (struct spec_list *) 0;
+
+/* Change the value of spec NAME to SPEC.  If SPEC is empty, then the spec is
+   removed; If the spec starts with a + then SPEC is added to the end of the
+   current spec. */
+
+static void
+set_spec (name, spec)
+     char *name;
+     char *spec;
+{
+  struct spec_list *sl;
+  char *old_spec;
+
+  /* See if the spec already exists */
+  for (sl = specs; sl; sl = sl->next)
+    if (strcmp (sl->name, name) == 0)
+      break;
+
+  if (!sl)
+    {
+      /* Not found - make it */
+      sl = (struct spec_list *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct spec_list));
+      sl->name = save_string (name, strlen (name));
+      sl->spec = save_string ("", 0);
+      sl->next = specs;
+      specs = sl;
+    }
+
+  old_spec = sl->spec;
+  if (name && spec[0] == '+' && isspace (spec[1]))
+    sl->spec = concat (old_spec, spec + 1, "");
+  else
+    sl->spec = save_string (spec, strlen (spec));
+
+  if (! strcmp (name, "asm"))
+    asm_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "asm_final"))
+    asm_final_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "cc1"))
+    cc1_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "cc1plus"))
+    cc1plus_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "cpp"))
+    cpp_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "endfile"))
+    endfile_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "lib"))
+    lib_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "link"))
+    link_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "predefines"))
+    cpp_predefines = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "signed_char"))
+    signed_char_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "startfile"))
+    startfile_spec = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "switches_need_spaces"))
+    switches_need_spaces = sl->spec;
+  else if (! strcmp (name, "cross_compile"))
+    cross_compile = atoi (sl->spec);
+  /* Free the old spec */
+  if (old_spec)
+    free (old_spec);
+}
+
+/* Accumulate a command (program name and args), and run it.  */
+
+/* Vector of pointers to arguments in the current line of specifications.  */
+
+static char **argbuf;
+
+/* Number of elements allocated in argbuf.  */
+
+static int argbuf_length;
+
+/* Number of elements in argbuf currently in use (containing args).  */
+
+static int argbuf_index;
+
+/* This is the list of suffixes and codes (%g/%u/%U) and the associated
+   temp file.  Used only if MKTEMP_EACH_FILE.  */
+
+static struct temp_name {
+  char *suffix;		/* suffix associated with the code.  */
+  int length;		/* strlen (suffix).  */
+  int unique;		/* Indicates whether %g or %u/%U was used.  */
+  char *filename;	/* associated filename.  */
+  int filename_length;	/* strlen (filename).  */
+  struct temp_name *next;
+} *temp_names;
+
+/* Number of commands executed so far.  */
+
+static int execution_count;
+
+/* Number of commands that exited with a signal.  */
+
+static int signal_count;
+
+/* Name with which this program was invoked.  */
+
+static char *programname;
+
+/* Structures to keep track of prefixes to try when looking for files. */
+
+struct prefix_list
+{
+  char *prefix;               /* String to prepend to the path. */
+  struct prefix_list *next;   /* Next in linked list. */
+  int require_machine_suffix; /* Don't use without machine_suffix.  */
+  /* 2 means try both machine_suffix and just_machine_suffix.  */
+  int *used_flag_ptr;	      /* 1 if a file was found with this prefix.  */
+};
+
+struct path_prefix
+{
+  struct prefix_list *plist;  /* List of prefixes to try */
+  int max_len;                /* Max length of a prefix in PLIST */
+  char *name;                 /* Name of this list (used in config stuff) */
+};
+
+/* List of prefixes to try when looking for executables. */
+
+static struct path_prefix exec_prefix = { 0, 0, "exec" };
+
+/* List of prefixes to try when looking for startup (crt0) files. */
+
+static struct path_prefix startfile_prefix = { 0, 0, "startfile" };
+
+/* Suffix to attach to directories searched for commands.
+   This looks like `MACHINE/VERSION/'.  */
+
+static char *machine_suffix = 0;
+
+/* Suffix to attach to directories searched for commands.
+   This is just `MACHINE/'.  */
+
+static char *just_machine_suffix = 0;
+
+/* Adjusted value of GCC_EXEC_PREFIX envvar.  */
+
+static char *gcc_exec_prefix;
+
+/* Default prefixes to attach to command names.  */
+
+#ifdef CROSS_COMPILE  /* Don't use these prefixes for a cross compiler.  */
+#undef MD_EXEC_PREFIX
+#undef MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX
+#undef MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STANDARD_EXEC_PREFIX
+#define STANDARD_EXEC_PREFIX "/usr/libexec/"
+#endif /* !defined STANDARD_EXEC_PREFIX */
+
+static char *standard_exec_prefix = STANDARD_EXEC_PREFIX;
+static char *standard_exec_prefix_1 = "";
+#ifdef MD_EXEC_PREFIX
+static char *md_exec_prefix = MD_EXEC_PREFIX;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX
+#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX "/usr/lib/"
+#endif /* !defined STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX */
+
+#ifdef MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX
+static char *md_startfile_prefix = MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX;
+#endif
+#ifdef MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1
+static char *md_startfile_prefix_1 = MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1;
+#endif
+static char *standard_startfile_prefix = STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX;
+static char *standard_startfile_prefix_1 = "/lib/";
+static char *standard_startfile_prefix_2 = "/usr/lib/";
+
+#ifndef TOOLDIR_BASE_PREFIX
+#define TOOLDIR_BASE_PREFIX "/usr/local/"
+#endif
+static char *tooldir_base_prefix = TOOLDIR_BASE_PREFIX;
+static char *tooldir_prefix;
+
+/* Clear out the vector of arguments (after a command is executed).  */
+
+static void
+clear_args ()
+{
+  argbuf_index = 0;
+}
+
+/* Add one argument to the vector at the end.
+   This is done when a space is seen or at the end of the line.
+   If DELETE_ALWAYS is nonzero, the arg is a filename
+    and the file should be deleted eventually.
+   If DELETE_FAILURE is nonzero, the arg is a filename
+    and the file should be deleted if this compilation fails.  */
+
+static void
+store_arg (arg, delete_always, delete_failure)
+     char *arg;
+     int delete_always, delete_failure;
+{
+  if (argbuf_index + 1 == argbuf_length)
+    {
+      argbuf = (char **) xrealloc (argbuf, (argbuf_length *= 2) * sizeof (char *));
+    }
+
+  argbuf[argbuf_index++] = arg;
+  argbuf[argbuf_index] = 0;
+
+  if (delete_always || delete_failure)
+    record_temp_file (arg, delete_always, delete_failure);
+}
+
+/* Record the names of temporary files we tell compilers to write,
+   and delete them at the end of the run.  */
+
+/* This is the common prefix we use to make temp file names.
+   It is chosen once for each run of this program.
+   It is substituted into a spec by %g.
+   Thus, all temp file names contain this prefix.
+   In practice, all temp file names start with this prefix.
+
+   This prefix comes from the envvar TMPDIR if it is defined;
+   otherwise, from the P_tmpdir macro if that is defined;
+   otherwise, in /usr/tmp or /tmp.  */
+
+static char *temp_filename;
+
+/* Length of the prefix.  */
+
+static int temp_filename_length;
+
+/* Define the list of temporary files to delete.  */
+
+struct temp_file
+{
+  char *name;
+  struct temp_file *next;
+};
+
+/* Queue of files to delete on success or failure of compilation.  */
+static struct temp_file *always_delete_queue;
+/* Queue of files to delete on failure of compilation.  */
+static struct temp_file *failure_delete_queue;
+
+/* Record FILENAME as a file to be deleted automatically.
+   ALWAYS_DELETE nonzero means delete it if all compilation succeeds;
+   otherwise delete it in any case.
+   FAIL_DELETE nonzero means delete it if a compilation step fails;
+   otherwise delete it in any case.  */
+
+static void
+record_temp_file (filename, always_delete, fail_delete)
+     char *filename;
+     int always_delete;
+     int fail_delete;
+{
+  register char *name;
+  name = xmalloc (strlen (filename) + 1);
+  strcpy (name, filename);
+
+  if (always_delete)
+    {
+      register struct temp_file *temp;
+      for (temp = always_delete_queue; temp; temp = temp->next)
+	if (! strcmp (name, temp->name))
+	  goto already1;
+      temp = (struct temp_file *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct temp_file));
+      temp->next = always_delete_queue;
+      temp->name = name;
+      always_delete_queue = temp;
+    already1:;
+    }
+
+  if (fail_delete)
+    {
+      register struct temp_file *temp;
+      for (temp = failure_delete_queue; temp; temp = temp->next)
+	if (! strcmp (name, temp->name))
+	  goto already2;
+      temp = (struct temp_file *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct temp_file));
+      temp->next = failure_delete_queue;
+      temp->name = name;
+      failure_delete_queue = temp;
+    already2:;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Delete all the temporary files whose names we previously recorded.  */
+
+static void
+delete_temp_files ()
+{
+  register struct temp_file *temp;
+
+  for (temp = always_delete_queue; temp; temp = temp->next)
+    {
+#ifdef DEBUG
+      int i;
+      printf ("Delete %s? (y or n) ", temp->name);
+      fflush (stdout);
+      i = getchar ();
+      if (i != '\n')
+	while (getchar () != '\n') ;
+      if (i == 'y' || i == 'Y')
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+	{
+	  struct stat st;
+	  if (stat (temp->name, &st) >= 0)
+	    {
+	      /* Delete only ordinary files.  */
+	      if (S_ISREG (st.st_mode))
+		if (unlink (temp->name) < 0)
+		  if (verbose_flag)
+		    perror_with_name (temp->name);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  always_delete_queue = 0;
+}
+
+/* Delete all the files to be deleted on error.  */
+
+static void
+delete_failure_queue ()
+{
+  register struct temp_file *temp;
+
+  for (temp = failure_delete_queue; temp; temp = temp->next)
+    {
+#ifdef DEBUG
+      int i;
+      printf ("Delete %s? (y or n) ", temp->name);
+      fflush (stdout);
+      i = getchar ();
+      if (i != '\n')
+	while (getchar () != '\n') ;
+      if (i == 'y' || i == 'Y')
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+	{
+	  if (unlink (temp->name) < 0)
+	    if (verbose_flag)
+	      perror_with_name (temp->name);
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+clear_failure_queue ()
+{
+  failure_delete_queue = 0;
+}
+
+/* Compute a string to use as the base of all temporary file names.
+   It is substituted for %g.  */
+
+static void
+choose_temp_base ()
+{
+  char *base = getenv ("TMPDIR");
+  int len;
+
+  if (base == (char *)0)
+    {
+#ifdef P_tmpdir
+      if (access (P_tmpdir, R_OK | W_OK) == 0)
+	base = P_tmpdir;
+#endif
+      if (base == (char *)0)
+	{
+	  if (access ("/usr/tmp", R_OK | W_OK) == 0)
+	    base = "/usr/tmp/";
+	  else
+	    base = "/tmp/";
+	}
+    }
+
+  len = strlen (base);
+  temp_filename = xmalloc (len + sizeof("/ccXXXXXX"));
+  strcpy (temp_filename, base);
+  if (len > 0 && temp_filename[len-1] != '/')
+    temp_filename[len++] = '/';
+  strcpy (temp_filename + len, "ccXXXXXX");
+
+  mktemp (temp_filename);
+  temp_filename_length = strlen (temp_filename);
+  if (temp_filename_length == 0)
+    abort ();
+}
+
+
+/* Routine to add variables to the environment.  We do this to pass
+   the pathname of the gcc driver, and the directories search to the
+   collect2 program, which is being run as ld.  This way, we can be
+   sure of executing the right compiler when collect2 wants to build
+   constructors and destructors.  Since the environment variables we
+   use come from an obstack, we don't have to worry about allocating
+   space for them.  */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_PUTENV
+
+void
+putenv (str)
+     char *str;
+{
+#ifndef VMS			/* nor about VMS */
+
+  extern char **environ;
+  char **old_environ = environ;
+  char **envp;
+  int num_envs = 0;
+  int name_len = 1;
+  int str_len = strlen (str);
+  char *p = str;
+  int ch;
+
+  while ((ch = *p++) != '\0' && ch != '=')
+    name_len++;
+
+  if (!ch)
+    abort ();
+
+  /* Search for replacing an existing environment variable, and
+     count the number of total environment variables.  */
+  for (envp = old_environ; *envp; envp++)
+    {
+      num_envs++;
+      if (!strncmp (str, *envp, name_len))
+	{
+	  *envp = str;
+	  return;
+	}
+    }
+
+  /* Add a new environment variable */
+  environ = (char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * (num_envs+2));
+  *environ = str;
+  bcopy (old_environ, environ+1, sizeof (char *) * (num_envs+1));
+
+#endif	/* VMS */
+}
+
+#endif	/* HAVE_PUTENV */
+
+
+/* Rebuild the COMPILER_PATH and LIBRARY_PATH environment variables for collect.  */
+
+static void
+putenv_from_prefixes (paths, env_var)
+     struct path_prefix *paths;
+     char *env_var;
+{
+  int suffix_len = (machine_suffix) ? strlen (machine_suffix) : 0;
+  int just_suffix_len
+    = (just_machine_suffix) ? strlen (just_machine_suffix) : 0;
+  int first_time = TRUE;
+  struct prefix_list *pprefix;
+
+  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, env_var, strlen (env_var));
+
+  for (pprefix = paths->plist; pprefix != 0; pprefix = pprefix->next)
+    {
+      int len = strlen (pprefix->prefix);
+
+      if (machine_suffix
+	  && is_directory (pprefix->prefix, machine_suffix, 0))
+	{
+	  if (!first_time)
+	    obstack_1grow (&collect_obstack, PATH_SEPARATOR);
+	    
+	  first_time = FALSE;
+	  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, pprefix->prefix, len);
+	  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, machine_suffix, suffix_len);
+	}
+
+      if (just_machine_suffix
+	  && pprefix->require_machine_suffix == 2
+	  && is_directory (pprefix->prefix, just_machine_suffix, 0))
+	{
+	  if (!first_time)
+	    obstack_1grow (&collect_obstack, PATH_SEPARATOR);
+	    
+	  first_time = FALSE;
+	  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, pprefix->prefix, len);
+	  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, just_machine_suffix,
+			just_suffix_len);
+	}
+
+      if (!pprefix->require_machine_suffix)
+	{
+	  if (!first_time)
+	    obstack_1grow (&collect_obstack, PATH_SEPARATOR);
+
+	  first_time = FALSE;
+	  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, pprefix->prefix, len);
+	}
+    }
+  obstack_1grow (&collect_obstack, '\0');
+  putenv (obstack_finish (&collect_obstack));
+}
+
+
+/* Search for NAME using the prefix list PREFIXES.  MODE is passed to
+   access to check permissions.
+   Return 0 if not found, otherwise return its name, allocated with malloc. */
+
+static char *
+find_a_file (pprefix, name, mode)
+     struct path_prefix *pprefix;
+     char *name;
+     int mode;
+{
+  char *temp;
+  char *file_suffix = ((mode & X_OK) != 0 ? EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX : "");
+  struct prefix_list *pl;
+  int len = pprefix->max_len + strlen (name) + strlen (file_suffix) + 1;
+
+  if (machine_suffix)
+    len += strlen (machine_suffix);
+
+  temp = xmalloc (len);
+
+  /* Determine the filename to execute (special case for absolute paths).  */
+
+  if (*name == '/')
+    {
+      if (access (name, mode))
+	{
+	  strcpy (temp, name);
+	  return temp;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    for (pl = pprefix->plist; pl; pl = pl->next)
+      {
+	if (machine_suffix)
+	  {
+	    strcpy (temp, pl->prefix);
+	    strcat (temp, machine_suffix);
+	    strcat (temp, name);
+	    if (access (temp, mode) == 0)
+	      {
+		if (pl->used_flag_ptr != 0)
+		  *pl->used_flag_ptr = 1;
+		return temp;
+	      }
+	    /* Some systems have a suffix for executable files.
+	       So try appending that.  */
+	    if (file_suffix[0] != 0)
+	      {
+		strcat (temp, file_suffix);
+		if (access (temp, mode) == 0)
+		  {
+		    if (pl->used_flag_ptr != 0)
+		      *pl->used_flag_ptr = 1;
+		    return temp;
+		  }
+	      }
+	  }
+	/* Certain prefixes are tried with just the machine type,
+	   not the version.  This is used for finding as, ld, etc.  */
+	if (just_machine_suffix && pl->require_machine_suffix == 2)
+	  {
+	    strcpy (temp, pl->prefix);
+	    strcat (temp, just_machine_suffix);
+	    strcat (temp, name);
+	    if (access (temp, mode) == 0)
+	      {
+		if (pl->used_flag_ptr != 0)
+		  *pl->used_flag_ptr = 1;
+		return temp;
+	      }
+	    /* Some systems have a suffix for executable files.
+	       So try appending that.  */
+	    if (file_suffix[0] != 0)
+	      {
+		strcat (temp, file_suffix);
+		if (access (temp, mode) == 0)
+		  {
+		    if (pl->used_flag_ptr != 0)
+		      *pl->used_flag_ptr = 1;
+		    return temp;
+		  }
+	      }
+	  }
+	/* Certain prefixes can't be used without the machine suffix
+	   when the machine or version is explicitly specified.  */
+	if (!pl->require_machine_suffix)
+	  {
+	    strcpy (temp, pl->prefix);
+	    strcat (temp, name);
+	    if (access (temp, mode) == 0)
+	      {
+		if (pl->used_flag_ptr != 0)
+		  *pl->used_flag_ptr = 1;
+		return temp;
+	      }
+	    /* Some systems have a suffix for executable files.
+	       So try appending that.  */
+	    if (file_suffix[0] != 0)
+	      {
+		strcat (temp, file_suffix);
+		if (access (temp, mode) == 0)
+		  {
+		    if (pl->used_flag_ptr != 0)
+		      *pl->used_flag_ptr = 1;
+		    return temp;
+		  }
+	      }
+	  }
+      }
+
+  free (temp);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Add an entry for PREFIX in PLIST.  If FIRST is set, it goes
+   at the start of the list, otherwise it goes at the end.
+
+   If WARN is nonzero, we will warn if no file is found
+   through this prefix.  WARN should point to an int
+   which will be set to 1 if this entry is used.
+
+   REQUIRE_MACHINE_SUFFIX is 1 if this prefix can't be used without
+   the complete value of machine_suffix.
+   2 means try both machine_suffix and just_machine_suffix.  */
+
+static void
+add_prefix (pprefix, prefix, first, require_machine_suffix, warn)
+     struct path_prefix *pprefix;
+     char *prefix;
+     int first;
+     int require_machine_suffix;
+     int *warn;
+{
+  struct prefix_list *pl, **prev;
+  int len;
+
+  if (!first && pprefix->plist)
+    {
+      for (pl = pprefix->plist; pl->next; pl = pl->next)
+	;
+      prev = &pl->next;
+    }
+  else
+    prev = &pprefix->plist;
+
+  /* Keep track of the longest prefix */
+
+  len = strlen (prefix);
+  if (len > pprefix->max_len)
+    pprefix->max_len = len;
+
+  pl = (struct prefix_list *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct prefix_list));
+  pl->prefix = save_string (prefix, len);
+  pl->require_machine_suffix = require_machine_suffix;
+  pl->used_flag_ptr = warn;
+  if (warn)
+    *warn = 0;
+
+  if (*prev)
+    pl->next = *prev;
+  else
+    pl->next = (struct prefix_list *) 0;
+  *prev = pl;
+}
+
+/* Print warnings for any prefixes in the list PPREFIX that were not used.  */
+
+static void
+unused_prefix_warnings (pprefix)
+     struct path_prefix *pprefix;
+{
+  struct prefix_list *pl = pprefix->plist;
+
+  while (pl)
+    {
+      if (pl->used_flag_ptr != 0 && !*pl->used_flag_ptr)
+	{
+	  error ("file path prefix `%s' never used",
+		 pl->prefix);
+	  /* Prevent duplicate warnings.  */
+	  *pl->used_flag_ptr = 1;
+	}
+      pl = pl->next;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Get rid of all prefixes built up so far in *PLISTP. */
+
+static void
+free_path_prefix (pprefix)
+     struct path_prefix *pprefix;
+{
+  struct prefix_list *pl = pprefix->plist;
+  struct prefix_list *temp;
+
+  while (pl)
+    {
+      temp = pl;
+      pl = pl->next;
+      free (temp->prefix);
+      free ((char *) temp);
+    }
+  pprefix->plist = (struct prefix_list *) 0;
+}
+
+/* stdin file number.  */
+#define STDIN_FILE_NO 0
+
+/* stdout file number.  */
+#define STDOUT_FILE_NO 1
+
+/* value of `pipe': port index for reading.  */
+#define READ_PORT 0
+
+/* value of `pipe': port index for writing.  */
+#define WRITE_PORT 1
+
+/* Pipe waiting from last process, to be used as input for the next one.
+   Value is STDIN_FILE_NO if no pipe is waiting
+   (i.e. the next command is the first of a group).  */
+
+static int last_pipe_input;
+
+/* Fork one piped subcommand.  FUNC is the system call to use
+   (either execv or execvp).  ARGV is the arg vector to use.
+   NOT_LAST is nonzero if this is not the last subcommand
+   (i.e. its output should be piped to the next one.)  */
+
+#ifndef OS2
+#ifdef __MSDOS__
+
+/* Declare these to avoid compilation error.  They won't be called.  */
+int execv(const char *a, const char **b){}
+int execvp(const char *a, const char **b){}
+
+static int
+pexecute (search_flag, program, argv, not_last)
+     int search_flag;
+     char *program;
+     char *argv[];
+     int not_last;
+{
+  char *scmd;
+  FILE *argfile;
+  int i;
+
+  scmd = (char *)malloc (strlen (program) + strlen (temp_filename) + 6);
+  sprintf (scmd, "%s @%s.gp", program, temp_filename);
+  argfile = fopen (scmd+strlen (program) + 2, "w");
+  if (argfile == 0)
+    pfatal_with_name (scmd + strlen (program) + 2);
+
+  for (i=1; argv[i]; i++)
+  {
+    char *cp;
+    for (cp = argv[i]; *cp; cp++)
+      {
+	if (*cp == '"' || *cp == '\'' || *cp == '\\' || isspace (*cp))
+	  fputc ('\\', argfile);
+	fputc (*cp, argfile);
+      }
+    fputc ('\n', argfile);
+  }
+  fclose (argfile);
+
+  i = system (scmd);
+
+  remove (scmd + strlen (program) + 2);
+  return i << 8;
+}
+
+#else /* not __MSDOS__ */
+
+static int
+pexecute (search_flag, program, argv, not_last)
+     int search_flag;
+     char *program;
+     char *argv[];
+     int not_last;
+{
+  int (*func)() = (search_flag ? execv : execvp);
+  int pid;
+  int pdes[2];
+  int input_desc = last_pipe_input;
+  int output_desc = STDOUT_FILE_NO;
+  int retries, sleep_interval;
+
+  /* If this isn't the last process, make a pipe for its output,
+     and record it as waiting to be the input to the next process.  */
+
+  if (not_last)
+    {
+      if (pipe (pdes) < 0)
+	pfatal_with_name ("pipe");
+      output_desc = pdes[WRITE_PORT];
+      last_pipe_input = pdes[READ_PORT];
+    }
+  else
+    last_pipe_input = STDIN_FILE_NO;
+
+  /* Fork a subprocess; wait and retry if it fails.  */
+  sleep_interval = 1;
+  for (retries = 0; retries < 4; retries++)
+    {
+      pid = vfork ();
+      if (pid >= 0)
+	break;
+      sleep (sleep_interval);
+      sleep_interval *= 2;
+    }
+
+  switch (pid)
+    {
+    case -1:
+#ifdef vfork
+      pfatal_with_name ("fork");
+#else
+      pfatal_with_name ("vfork");
+#endif
+      /* NOTREACHED */
+      return 0;
+
+    case 0: /* child */
+      /* Move the input and output pipes into place, if nec.  */
+      if (input_desc != STDIN_FILE_NO)
+	{
+	  close (STDIN_FILE_NO);
+	  dup (input_desc);
+	  close (input_desc);
+	}
+      if (output_desc != STDOUT_FILE_NO)
+	{
+	  close (STDOUT_FILE_NO);
+	  dup (output_desc);
+	  close (output_desc);
+	}
+
+      /* Close the parent's descs that aren't wanted here.  */
+      if (last_pipe_input != STDIN_FILE_NO)
+	close (last_pipe_input);
+
+      /* Exec the program.  */
+      (*func) (program, argv);
+      perror_exec (program);
+      exit (-1);
+      /* NOTREACHED */
+      return 0;
+
+    default:
+      /* In the parent, after forking.
+	 Close the descriptors that we made for this child.  */
+      if (input_desc != STDIN_FILE_NO)
+	close (input_desc);
+      if (output_desc != STDOUT_FILE_NO)
+	close (output_desc);
+
+      /* Return child's process number.  */
+      return pid;
+    }
+}
+
+#endif /* not __MSDOS__ */
+#else /* not OS2 */
+
+static int
+pexecute (search_flag, program, argv, not_last)
+     int search_flag;
+     char *program;
+     char *argv[];
+     int not_last;
+{
+  return (search_flag ? spawnv : spawnvp) (1, program, argv);
+}
+#endif /* not OS2 */
+
+/* Execute the command specified by the arguments on the current line of spec.
+   When using pipes, this includes several piped-together commands
+   with `|' between them.
+
+   Return 0 if successful, -1 if failed.  */
+
+static int
+execute ()
+{
+  int i;
+  int n_commands;		/* # of command.  */
+  char *string;
+  struct command
+    {
+      char *prog;		/* program name.  */
+      char **argv;		/* vector of args.  */
+      int pid;			/* pid of process for this command.  */
+    };
+
+  struct command *commands;	/* each command buffer with above info.  */
+
+  /* Count # of piped commands.  */
+  for (n_commands = 1, i = 0; i < argbuf_index; i++)
+    if (strcmp (argbuf[i], "|") == 0)
+      n_commands++;
+
+  /* Get storage for each command.  */
+  commands
+    = (struct command *) alloca (n_commands * sizeof (struct command));
+
+  /* Split argbuf into its separate piped processes,
+     and record info about each one.
+     Also search for the programs that are to be run.  */
+
+  commands[0].prog = argbuf[0]; /* first command.  */
+  commands[0].argv = &argbuf[0];
+  string = find_a_file (&exec_prefix, commands[0].prog, X_OK);
+  if (string)
+    commands[0].argv[0] = string;
+
+  for (n_commands = 1, i = 0; i < argbuf_index; i++)
+    if (strcmp (argbuf[i], "|") == 0)
+      {				/* each command.  */
+#ifdef __MSDOS__
+        fatal ("-pipe not supported under MS-DOS");
+#endif
+	argbuf[i] = 0;	/* termination of command args.  */
+	commands[n_commands].prog = argbuf[i + 1];
+	commands[n_commands].argv = &argbuf[i + 1];
+	string = find_a_file (&exec_prefix, commands[n_commands].prog, X_OK);
+	if (string)
+	  commands[n_commands].argv[0] = string;
+	n_commands++;
+      }
+
+  argbuf[argbuf_index] = 0;
+
+  /* If -v, print what we are about to do, and maybe query.  */
+
+  if (verbose_flag)
+    {
+      /* Print each piped command as a separate line.  */
+      for (i = 0; i < n_commands ; i++)
+	{
+	  char **j;
+
+	  for (j = commands[i].argv; *j; j++)
+	    fprintf (stderr, " %s", *j);
+
+	  /* Print a pipe symbol after all but the last command.  */
+	  if (i + 1 != n_commands)
+	    fprintf (stderr, " |");
+	  fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+	}
+      fflush (stderr);
+#ifdef DEBUG
+      fprintf (stderr, "\nGo ahead? (y or n) ");
+      fflush (stderr);
+      i = getchar ();
+      if (i != '\n')
+	while (getchar () != '\n') ;
+      if (i != 'y' && i != 'Y')
+	return 0;
+#endif /* DEBUG */
+    }
+
+  /* Run each piped subprocess.  */
+
+  last_pipe_input = STDIN_FILE_NO;
+  for (i = 0; i < n_commands; i++)
+    {
+      char *string = commands[i].argv[0];
+
+      commands[i].pid = pexecute (string != commands[i].prog,
+				  string, commands[i].argv,
+				  i + 1 < n_commands);
+
+      if (string != commands[i].prog)
+	free (string);
+    }
+
+  execution_count++;
+
+  /* Wait for all the subprocesses to finish.
+     We don't care what order they finish in;
+     we know that N_COMMANDS waits will get them all.  */
+
+  {
+    int ret_code = 0;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < n_commands; i++)
+      {
+	int status;
+	int pid;
+	char *prog;
+
+#ifdef __MSDOS__
+        status = pid = commands[i].pid;
+#else
+	pid = wait (&status);
+#endif
+	if (pid < 0)
+	  abort ();
+
+	if (status != 0)
+	  {
+	    int j;
+	    for (j = 0; j < n_commands; j++)
+	      if (commands[j].pid == pid)
+		prog = commands[j].prog;
+
+	    if ((status & 0x7F) != 0)
+	      {
+		fatal ("Internal compiler error: program %s got fatal signal %d",
+		       prog, (status & 0x7F));
+		signal_count++;
+	      }
+	    if (((status & 0xFF00) >> 8) >= MIN_FATAL_STATUS)
+	      ret_code = -1;
+	  }
+      }
+    return ret_code;
+  }
+}
+
+/* Find all the switches given to us
+   and make a vector describing them.
+   The elements of the vector are strings, one per switch given.
+   If a switch uses following arguments, then the `part1' field
+   is the switch itself and the `args' field
+   is a null-terminated vector containing the following arguments.
+   The `valid' field is nonzero if any spec has looked at this switch;
+   if it remains zero at the end of the run, it must be meaningless.  */
+
+struct switchstr
+{
+  char *part1;
+  char **args;
+  int valid;
+};
+
+static struct switchstr *switches;
+
+static int n_switches;
+
+struct infile
+{
+  char *name;
+  char *language;
+};
+
+/* Also a vector of input files specified.  */
+
+static struct infile *infiles;
+
+static int n_infiles;
+
+/* And a vector of corresponding output files is made up later.  */
+
+static char **outfiles;
+
+/* Create the vector `switches' and its contents.
+   Store its length in `n_switches'.  */
+
+static void
+process_command (argc, argv)
+     int argc;
+     char **argv;
+{
+  register int i;
+  char *temp;
+  char *spec_lang = 0;
+  int last_language_n_infiles;
+
+  gcc_exec_prefix = getenv ("GCC_EXEC_PREFIX");
+
+  n_switches = 0;
+  n_infiles = 0;
+
+  /* Default for -V is our version number, ending at first space.  */
+  spec_version = save_string (version_string, strlen (version_string));
+  for (temp = spec_version; *temp && *temp != ' '; temp++);
+  if (*temp) *temp = '\0';
+
+  /* Set up the default search paths.  */
+
+  if (gcc_exec_prefix)
+    {
+      add_prefix (&exec_prefix, gcc_exec_prefix, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, gcc_exec_prefix, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+    }
+
+  /* COMPILER_PATH and LIBRARY_PATH have values
+     that are lists of directory names with colons.  */
+
+  temp = getenv ("COMPILER_PATH");
+  if (temp)
+    {
+      char *startp, *endp;
+      char *nstore = (char *) alloca (strlen (temp) + 3);
+
+      startp = endp = temp;
+      while (1)
+	{
+	  if (*endp == PATH_SEPARATOR || *endp == 0)
+	    {
+	      strncpy (nstore, startp, endp-startp);
+	      if (endp == startp)
+		{
+		  strcpy (nstore, "./");
+		}
+	      else if (endp[-1] != '/')
+		{
+		  nstore[endp-startp] = '/';
+		  nstore[endp-startp+1] = 0;
+		}
+	      else
+		nstore[endp-startp] = 0;
+	      add_prefix (&exec_prefix, nstore, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      if (*endp == 0)
+		break;
+	      endp = startp = endp + 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    endp++;
+	}
+    }
+
+  temp = getenv ("LIBRARY_PATH");
+  if (temp)
+    {
+      char *startp, *endp;
+      char *nstore = (char *) alloca (strlen (temp) + 3);
+
+      startp = endp = temp;
+      while (1)
+	{
+	  if (*endp == PATH_SEPARATOR || *endp == 0)
+	    {
+	      strncpy (nstore, startp, endp-startp);
+	      if (endp == startp)
+		{
+		  strcpy (nstore, "./");
+		}
+	      else if (endp[-1] != '/')
+		{
+		  nstore[endp-startp] = '/';
+		  nstore[endp-startp+1] = 0;
+		}
+	      else
+		nstore[endp-startp] = 0;
+	      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, nstore, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      if (*endp == 0)
+		break;
+	      endp = startp = endp + 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    endp++;
+	}
+    }
+
+  /* Use LPATH like LIBRARY_PATH (for the CMU build program).  */
+  temp = getenv ("LPATH");
+  if (temp)
+    {
+      char *startp, *endp;
+      char *nstore = (char *) alloca (strlen (temp) + 3);
+
+      startp = endp = temp;
+      while (1)
+	{
+	  if (*endp == PATH_SEPARATOR || *endp == 0)
+	    {
+	      strncpy (nstore, startp, endp-startp);
+	      if (endp == startp)
+		{
+		  strcpy (nstore, "./");
+		}
+	      else if (endp[-1] != '/')
+		{
+		  nstore[endp-startp] = '/';
+		  nstore[endp-startp+1] = 0;
+		}
+	      else
+		nstore[endp-startp] = 0;
+	      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, nstore, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      if (*endp == 0)
+		break;
+	      endp = startp = endp + 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    endp++;
+	}
+    }
+
+  /* Convert new-style -- options to old-style.  */
+  translate_options (&argc, &argv);
+
+  /* Scan argv twice.  Here, the first time, just count how many switches
+     there will be in their vector, and how many input files in theirs.
+     Here we also parse the switches that cc itself uses (e.g. -v).  */
+
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+    {
+      if (! strcmp (argv[i], "-dumpspecs"))
+	{
+	  printf ("*asm:\n%s\n\n", asm_spec);
+	  printf ("*asm_final:\n%s\n\n", asm_final_spec);
+	  printf ("*cpp:\n%s\n\n", cpp_spec);
+	  printf ("*cc1:\n%s\n\n", cc1_spec);
+	  printf ("*cc1plus:\n%s\n\n", cc1plus_spec);
+	  printf ("*endfile:\n%s\n\n", endfile_spec);
+	  printf ("*link:\n%s\n\n", link_spec);
+	  printf ("*lib:\n%s\n\n", lib_spec);
+	  printf ("*startfile:\n%s\n\n", startfile_spec);
+	  printf ("*switches_need_spaces:\n%s\n\n", switches_need_spaces);
+	  printf ("*signed_char:\n%s\n\n", signed_char_spec);
+	  printf ("*predefines:\n%s\n\n", cpp_predefines);
+	  printf ("*cross_compile:\n%d\n\n", cross_compile);
+
+	  exit (0);
+	}
+      else if (! strcmp (argv[i], "-dumpversion"))
+	{
+	  printf ("%s\n", version_string);
+	  exit (0);
+	}
+      else if (! strcmp (argv[i], "-print-libgcc-file-name"))
+	{
+	  print_libgcc_file_name = 1;
+	}
+      else if (! strcmp (argv[i], "-Xlinker"))
+	{
+	  /* Pass the argument of this option to the linker when we link.  */
+
+	  if (i + 1 == argc)
+	    fatal ("argument to `-Xlinker' is missing");
+
+	  n_linker_options++;
+	  if (!linker_options)
+	    linker_options
+	      = (char **) xmalloc (n_linker_options * sizeof (char **));
+	  else
+	    linker_options
+	      = (char **) xrealloc (linker_options,
+				    n_linker_options * sizeof (char **));
+
+	  linker_options[n_linker_options - 1] = argv[++i];
+	}
+      else if (! strncmp (argv[i], "-Wl,", 4))
+	{
+	  int prev, j;
+	  /* Pass the rest of this option to the linker when we link.  */
+
+	  n_linker_options++;
+	  if (!linker_options)
+	    linker_options
+	      = (char **) xmalloc (n_linker_options * sizeof (char **));
+	  else
+	    linker_options
+	      = (char **) xrealloc (linker_options,
+				    n_linker_options * sizeof (char **));
+
+	  /* Split the argument at commas.  */
+	  prev = 4;
+	  for (j = 4; argv[i][j]; j++)
+	    if (argv[i][j] == ',')
+	      {
+		linker_options[n_linker_options - 1]
+		  = save_string (argv[i] + prev, j - prev);
+		n_linker_options++;
+		linker_options
+		  = (char **) xrealloc (linker_options,
+					n_linker_options * sizeof (char **));
+		prev = j + 1;
+	      }
+	  /* Record the part after the last comma.  */
+	  linker_options[n_linker_options - 1] = argv[i] + prev;
+	}
+      else if (! strncmp (argv[i], "-Wa,", 4))
+	{
+	  int prev, j;
+	  /* Pass the rest of this option to the assembler.  */
+
+	  n_assembler_options++;
+	  if (!assembler_options)
+	    assembler_options
+	      = (char **) xmalloc (n_assembler_options * sizeof (char **));
+	  else
+	    assembler_options
+	      = (char **) xrealloc (assembler_options,
+				    n_assembler_options * sizeof (char **));
+
+	  /* Split the argument at commas.  */
+	  prev = 4;
+	  for (j = 4; argv[i][j]; j++)
+	    if (argv[i][j] == ',')
+	      {
+		assembler_options[n_assembler_options - 1]
+		  = save_string (argv[i] + prev, j - prev);
+		n_assembler_options++;
+		assembler_options
+		  = (char **) xrealloc (assembler_options,
+					n_assembler_options * sizeof (char **));
+		prev = j + 1;
+	      }
+	  /* Record the part after the last comma.  */
+	  assembler_options[n_assembler_options - 1] = argv[i] + prev;
+	}
+      else if (argv[i][0] == '+' && argv[i][1] == 'e')
+	/* The +e options to the C++ front-end.  */
+	n_switches++;
+      else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] != 0 && argv[i][1] != 'l')
+	{
+	  register char *p = &argv[i][1];
+	  register int c = *p;
+
+	  switch (c)
+	    {
+	    case 'b':
+	      if (p[1] == 0 && i + 1 == argc)
+		fatal ("argument to `-b' is missing");
+	      if (p[1] == 0)
+		spec_machine = argv[++i];
+	      else
+		spec_machine = p + 1;
+	      break;
+
+	    case 'B':
+	      {
+		int *temp = (int *) xmalloc (sizeof (int));
+		char *value;
+		if (p[1] == 0 && i + 1 == argc)
+		  fatal ("argument to `-B' is missing");
+		if (p[1] == 0)
+		  value = argv[++i];
+		else
+		  value = p + 1;
+		add_prefix (&exec_prefix, value, 1, 0, temp);
+		add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, value, 1, 0, temp);
+	      }
+	      break;
+
+	    case 'v':	/* Print our subcommands and print versions.  */
+	      n_switches++;
+	      /* If they do anything other than exactly `-v', don't set
+		 verbose_flag; rather, continue on to give the error.  */
+	      if (p[1] != 0)
+		break;
+	      verbose_flag++;
+	      break;
+
+	    case 'V':
+	      if (p[1] == 0 && i + 1 == argc)
+		fatal ("argument to `-V' is missing");
+	      if (p[1] == 0)
+		spec_version = argv[++i];
+	      else
+		spec_version = p + 1;
+	      break;
+
+	    case 's':
+	      if (!strcmp (p, "save-temps"))
+		{
+		  save_temps_flag = 1;
+		  n_switches++;
+		  break;
+		}
+	    default:
+	      n_switches++;
+
+	      if (SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (c) > (p[1] != 0))
+		i += SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (c) - (p[1] != 0);
+	      else if (WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (p))
+		i += WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (p);
+	    }
+	}
+      else
+	n_infiles++;
+    }
+
+  /* Set up the search paths before we go looking for config files.  */
+
+  /* These come before the md prefixes so that we will find gcc's subcommands
+     (such as cpp) rather than those of the host system.  */
+  /* Use 2 as fourth arg meaning try just the machine as a suffix,
+     as well as trying the machine and the version.  */
+  add_prefix (&exec_prefix, standard_exec_prefix, 0, 2, NULL_PTR);
+  add_prefix (&exec_prefix, standard_exec_prefix_1, 0, 2, NULL_PTR);
+
+  add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, standard_exec_prefix, 0, 1, NULL_PTR);
+  add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, standard_exec_prefix_1, 0, 1, NULL_PTR);
+
+  tooldir_prefix = concat (tooldir_base_prefix, spec_machine, "/");
+
+  /* If tooldir is relative, base it on exec_prefix.  A relative
+     tooldir lets us move the installed tree as a unit.
+
+     If GCC_EXEC_PREFIX is defined, then we want to add two relative
+     directories, so that we can search both the user specified directory
+     and the standard place.  */
+
+  if (*tooldir_prefix != '/')
+    {
+      if (gcc_exec_prefix)
+	{
+	  char *gcc_exec_tooldir_prefix
+	    = concat (concat (gcc_exec_prefix, spec_machine, "/"),
+		      concat (spec_version, "/", tooldir_prefix),
+		      "");
+
+	  add_prefix (&exec_prefix, concat (gcc_exec_tooldir_prefix, "bin", "/"),
+		      0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	  add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, concat (gcc_exec_tooldir_prefix, "lib", "/"),
+		      0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	}
+
+      tooldir_prefix = concat (concat (standard_exec_prefix, spec_machine, "/"),
+			       concat (spec_version, "/", tooldir_prefix),
+			       "");
+    }
+
+  add_prefix (&exec_prefix, concat (tooldir_prefix, "bin", "/"),
+	      0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+  add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, concat (tooldir_prefix, "lib", "/"),
+	      0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+
+  /* More prefixes are enabled in main, after we read the specs file
+     and determine whether this is cross-compilation or not.  */
+
+
+  /* Then create the space for the vectors and scan again.  */
+
+  switches = ((struct switchstr *)
+	      xmalloc ((n_switches + 1) * sizeof (struct switchstr)));
+  infiles = (struct infile *) xmalloc ((n_infiles + 1) * sizeof (struct infile));
+  n_switches = 0;
+  n_infiles = 0;
+  last_language_n_infiles = -1;
+
+  /* This, time, copy the text of each switch and store a pointer
+     to the copy in the vector of switches.
+     Store all the infiles in their vector.  */
+
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+    {
+      /* Just skip the switches that were handled by the preceding loop.  */
+      if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-Xlinker"))
+	i++;
+      else if (! strncmp (argv[i], "-Wl,", 4))
+	;
+      else if (! strncmp (argv[i], "-Wa,", 4))
+	;
+      else if (! strcmp (argv[i], "-print-libgcc-file-name"))
+	;
+      else if (argv[i][0] == '+' && argv[i][1] == 'e')
+	{
+	  /* Compensate for the +e options to the C++ front-end;
+	     they're there simply for cfront call-compatibility.  We do
+	     some magic in default_compilers to pass them down properly.
+	     Note we deliberately start at the `+' here, to avoid passing
+	     -e0 or -e1 down into the linker.  */
+	  switches[n_switches].part1 = &argv[i][0];
+	  switches[n_switches].args = 0;
+	  switches[n_switches].valid = 0;
+	  n_switches++;
+	}
+      else if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] != 0 && argv[i][1] != 'l')
+	{
+	  register char *p = &argv[i][1];
+	  register int c = *p;
+
+	  if (c == 'B' || c == 'b' || c == 'V')
+	    {
+	      /* Skip a separate arg, if any.  */
+	      if (p[1] == 0)
+		i++;
+	      continue;
+	    }
+	  if (c == 'x')
+	    {
+	      if (p[1] == 0 && i + 1 == argc)
+		fatal ("argument to `-x' is missing");
+	      if (p[1] == 0)
+		spec_lang = argv[++i];
+	      else
+		spec_lang = p + 1;
+	      if (! strcmp (spec_lang, "none"))
+		/* Suppress the warning if -xnone comes after the last input file,
+		   because alternate command interfaces like g++ might find it
+		   useful to place -xnone after each input file.  */
+		spec_lang = 0;
+	      else
+		last_language_n_infiles = n_infiles;
+	      continue;
+	    }
+	  switches[n_switches].part1 = p;
+	  /* Deal with option arguments in separate argv elements.  */
+	  if ((SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (c) > (p[1] != 0))
+	      || WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (p)) {
+	    int j = 0;
+	    int n_args = WORD_SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (p);
+
+	    if (n_args == 0) {
+	      /* Count only the option arguments in separate argv elements.  */
+	      n_args = SWITCH_TAKES_ARG (c) - (p[1] != 0);
+	    }
+	    if (i + n_args >= argc)
+	      fatal ("argument to `-%s' is missing", p);
+	    switches[n_switches].args
+	      = (char **) xmalloc ((n_args + 1) * sizeof (char *));
+	    while (j < n_args)
+	      switches[n_switches].args[j++] = argv[++i];
+	    /* Null-terminate the vector.  */
+	    switches[n_switches].args[j] = 0;
+	  } else if (*switches_need_spaces != 0 && (c == 'o' || c == 'L')) {
+	    /* On some systems, ld cannot handle -o or -L without space.
+	       So split the -o or -L from its argument.  */
+	    switches[n_switches].part1 = (c == 'o' ? "o" : "L");
+	    switches[n_switches].args = (char **) xmalloc (2 * sizeof (char *));
+	    switches[n_switches].args[0] = xmalloc (strlen (p));
+	    strcpy (switches[n_switches].args[0], &p[1]);
+	    switches[n_switches].args[1] = 0;
+	  } else
+	    switches[n_switches].args = 0;
+	  switches[n_switches].valid = 0;
+	  /* This is always valid, since gcc.c itself understands it.  */
+	  if (!strcmp (p, "save-temps"))
+	    switches[n_switches].valid = 1;
+	  n_switches++;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if ((argv[i][0] != '-' || argv[i][1] != 'l')
+	      && access (argv[i], R_OK) < 0)
+	    {
+	      perror_with_name (argv[i]);
+	      error_count++;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      infiles[n_infiles].language = spec_lang;
+	      infiles[n_infiles++].name = argv[i];
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  if (n_infiles == last_language_n_infiles)
+    error ("Warning: `-x %s' after last input file has no effect", spec_lang);
+
+  switches[n_switches].part1 = 0;
+  infiles[n_infiles].name = 0;
+
+  /* If we have a GCC_EXEC_PREFIX envvar, modify it for cpp's sake.  */
+  if (gcc_exec_prefix)
+    {
+      temp = (char *) xmalloc (strlen (gcc_exec_prefix) + strlen (spec_version)
+			       + strlen (spec_machine) + 3);
+      strcpy (temp, gcc_exec_prefix);
+      strcat (temp, spec_machine);
+      strcat (temp, "/");
+      strcat (temp, spec_version);
+      strcat (temp, "/");
+      gcc_exec_prefix = temp;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Process a spec string, accumulating and running commands.  */
+
+/* These variables describe the input file name.
+   input_file_number is the index on outfiles of this file,
+   so that the output file name can be stored for later use by %o.
+   input_basename is the start of the part of the input file
+   sans all directory names, and basename_length is the number
+   of characters starting there excluding the suffix .c or whatever.  */
+
+static char *input_filename;
+static int input_file_number;
+static int input_filename_length;
+static int basename_length;
+static char *input_basename;
+static char *input_suffix;
+
+/* These are variables used within do_spec and do_spec_1.  */
+
+/* Nonzero if an arg has been started and not yet terminated
+   (with space, tab or newline).  */
+static int arg_going;
+
+/* Nonzero means %d or %g has been seen; the next arg to be terminated
+   is a temporary file name.  */
+static int delete_this_arg;
+
+/* Nonzero means %w has been seen; the next arg to be terminated
+   is the output file name of this compilation.  */
+static int this_is_output_file;
+
+/* Nonzero means %s has been seen; the next arg to be terminated
+   is the name of a library file and we should try the standard
+   search dirs for it.  */
+static int this_is_library_file;
+
+/* Nonzero means that the input of this command is coming from a pipe.  */
+static int input_from_pipe;
+
+/* Process the spec SPEC and run the commands specified therein.
+   Returns 0 if the spec is successfully processed; -1 if failed.  */
+
+static int
+do_spec (spec)
+     char *spec;
+{
+  int value;
+
+  clear_args ();
+  arg_going = 0;
+  delete_this_arg = 0;
+  this_is_output_file = 0;
+  this_is_library_file = 0;
+  input_from_pipe = 0;
+
+  value = do_spec_1 (spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+
+  /* Force out any unfinished command.
+     If -pipe, this forces out the last command if it ended in `|'.  */
+  if (value == 0)
+    {
+      if (argbuf_index > 0 && !strcmp (argbuf[argbuf_index - 1], "|"))
+	argbuf_index--;
+
+      if (argbuf_index > 0)
+	value = execute ();
+    }
+
+  return value;
+}
+
+/* Process the sub-spec SPEC as a portion of a larger spec.
+   This is like processing a whole spec except that we do
+   not initialize at the beginning and we do not supply a
+   newline by default at the end.
+   INSWITCH nonzero means don't process %-sequences in SPEC;
+   in this case, % is treated as an ordinary character.
+   This is used while substituting switches.
+   INSWITCH nonzero also causes SPC not to terminate an argument.
+
+   Value is zero unless a line was finished
+   and the command on that line reported an error.  */
+
+static int
+do_spec_1 (spec, inswitch, soft_matched_part)
+     char *spec;
+     int inswitch;
+     char *soft_matched_part;
+{
+  register char *p = spec;
+  register int c;
+  int i;
+  char *string;
+  int value;
+
+  while (c = *p++)
+    /* If substituting a switch, treat all chars like letters.
+       Otherwise, NL, SPC, TAB and % are special.  */
+    switch (inswitch ? 'a' : c)
+      {
+      case '\n':
+	/* End of line: finish any pending argument,
+	   then run the pending command if one has been started.  */
+	if (arg_going)
+	  {
+	    obstack_1grow (&obstack, 0);
+	    string = obstack_finish (&obstack);
+	    if (this_is_library_file)
+	      string = find_file (string);
+	    store_arg (string, delete_this_arg, this_is_output_file);
+	    if (this_is_output_file)
+	      outfiles[input_file_number] = string;
+	  }
+	arg_going = 0;
+
+	if (argbuf_index > 0 && !strcmp (argbuf[argbuf_index - 1], "|"))
+	  {
+	    int i;
+	    for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+	      if (!strcmp (switches[i].part1, "pipe"))
+		break;
+
+	    /* A `|' before the newline means use a pipe here,
+	       but only if -pipe was specified.
+	       Otherwise, execute now and don't pass the `|' as an arg.  */
+	    if (i < n_switches)
+	      {
+		input_from_pipe = 1;
+		switches[i].valid = 1;
+		break;
+	      }
+	    else
+	      argbuf_index--;
+	  }
+
+	if (argbuf_index > 0)
+	  {
+	    value = execute ();
+	    if (value)
+	      return value;
+	  }
+	/* Reinitialize for a new command, and for a new argument.  */
+	clear_args ();
+	arg_going = 0;
+	delete_this_arg = 0;
+	this_is_output_file = 0;
+	this_is_library_file = 0;
+	input_from_pipe = 0;
+	break;
+
+      case '|':
+	/* End any pending argument.  */
+	if (arg_going)
+	  {
+	    obstack_1grow (&obstack, 0);
+	    string = obstack_finish (&obstack);
+	    if (this_is_library_file)
+	      string = find_file (string);
+	    store_arg (string, delete_this_arg, this_is_output_file);
+	    if (this_is_output_file)
+	      outfiles[input_file_number] = string;
+	  }
+
+	/* Use pipe */
+	obstack_1grow (&obstack, c);
+	arg_going = 1;
+	break;
+
+      case '\t':
+      case ' ':
+	/* Space or tab ends an argument if one is pending.  */
+	if (arg_going)
+	  {
+	    obstack_1grow (&obstack, 0);
+	    string = obstack_finish (&obstack);
+	    if (this_is_library_file)
+	      string = find_file (string);
+	    store_arg (string, delete_this_arg, this_is_output_file);
+	    if (this_is_output_file)
+	      outfiles[input_file_number] = string;
+	  }
+	/* Reinitialize for a new argument.  */
+	arg_going = 0;
+	delete_this_arg = 0;
+	this_is_output_file = 0;
+	this_is_library_file = 0;
+	break;
+
+      case '%':
+	switch (c = *p++)
+	  {
+	  case 0:
+	    fatal ("Invalid specification!  Bug in cc.");
+
+	  case 'b':
+	    obstack_grow (&obstack, input_basename, basename_length);
+	    arg_going = 1;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'd':
+	    delete_this_arg = 2;
+	    break;
+
+	  /* Dump out the directories specified with LIBRARY_PATH,
+	     followed by the absolute directories
+	     that we search for startfiles.  */
+	  case 'D':
+	    {
+	      struct prefix_list *pl = startfile_prefix.plist;
+	      int bufsize = 100;
+	      char *buffer = (char *) xmalloc (bufsize);
+	      int idx;
+
+	      for (; pl; pl = pl->next)
+		{
+#ifdef RELATIVE_PREFIX_NOT_LINKDIR
+		  /* Used on systems which record the specified -L dirs
+		     and use them to search for dynamic linking.  */
+		  /* Relative directories always come from -B,
+		     and it is better not to use them for searching
+		     at run time.  In particular, stage1 loses  */
+		  if (pl->prefix[0] != '/')
+		    continue;
+#endif
+		  if (machine_suffix)
+		    {
+		      if (is_directory (pl->prefix, machine_suffix, 1))
+			{
+			  do_spec_1 ("-L", 0, NULL_PTR);
+#ifdef SPACE_AFTER_L_OPTION
+			  do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+#endif
+			  do_spec_1 (pl->prefix, 1, NULL_PTR);
+			  /* Remove slash from machine_suffix.  */
+			  if (strlen (machine_suffix) >= bufsize)
+			    bufsize = strlen (machine_suffix) * 2 + 1;
+			  buffer = (char *) xrealloc (buffer, bufsize);
+			  strcpy (buffer, machine_suffix);
+			  idx = strlen (buffer);
+			  if (buffer[idx - 1] == '/')
+			    buffer[idx - 1] = 0;
+			  do_spec_1 (buffer, 1, NULL_PTR);
+			  /* Make this a separate argument.  */
+			  do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+			}
+		    }
+		  if (!pl->require_machine_suffix)
+		    {
+		      if (is_directory (pl->prefix, "", 1))
+			{
+			  do_spec_1 ("-L", 0, NULL_PTR);
+#ifdef SPACE_AFTER_L_OPTION
+			  do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+#endif
+			  /* Remove slash from pl->prefix.  */
+			  if (strlen (pl->prefix) >= bufsize)
+			    bufsize = strlen (pl->prefix) * 2 + 1;
+			  buffer = (char *) xrealloc (buffer, bufsize);
+			  strcpy (buffer, pl->prefix);
+			  idx = strlen (buffer);
+			  if (buffer[idx - 1] == '/')
+			    buffer[idx - 1] = 0;
+			  do_spec_1 (buffer, 1, NULL_PTR);
+			  /* Make this a separate argument.  */
+			  do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+			}
+		    }
+		}
+	      free (buffer);
+	    }
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'e':
+	    /* {...:%efoo} means report an error with `foo' as error message
+	       and don't execute any more commands for this file.  */
+	    {
+	      char *q = p;
+	      char *buf;
+	      while (*p != 0 && *p != '\n') p++;
+	      buf = (char *) alloca (p - q + 1);
+	      strncpy (buf, q, p - q);
+	      buf[p - q] = 0;
+	      error ("%s", buf);
+	      return -1;
+	    }
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'g':
+	  case 'u':
+	  case 'U':
+	    if (save_temps_flag)
+	      obstack_grow (&obstack, input_basename, basename_length);
+	    else
+	      {
+#ifdef MKTEMP_EACH_FILE
+		/* ??? This has a problem: the total number of
+		   values mktemp can return is limited.
+		   That matters for the names of object files.
+		   In 2.4, do something about that.  */
+		struct temp_name *t;
+		char *suffix = p;
+		while (*p == '.' || isalpha (*p))
+		  p++;
+
+		/* See if we already have an association of %g/%u/%U and
+		   suffix.  */
+		for (t = temp_names; t; t = t->next)
+		  if (t->length == p - suffix
+		      && strncmp (t->suffix, suffix, p - suffix) == 0
+		      && t->unique == (c != 'g'))
+		    break;
+
+		/* Make a new association if needed.  %u requires one.  */
+		if (t == 0 || c == 'u')
+		  {
+		    if (t == 0)
+		      {
+			t = (struct temp_name *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct temp_name));
+			t->next = temp_names;
+			temp_names = t;
+		      }
+		    t->length = p - suffix;
+		    t->suffix = save_string (suffix, p - suffix);
+		    t->unique = (c != 'g');
+		    choose_temp_base ();
+		    t->filename = temp_filename;
+		    t->filename_length = temp_filename_length;
+		  }
+
+		obstack_grow (&obstack, t->filename, t->filename_length);
+		delete_this_arg = 1;
+#else
+		obstack_grow (&obstack, temp_filename, temp_filename_length);
+		if (c == 'u' || c == 'U')
+		  {
+		    static int unique;
+		    char buff[9];
+		    if (c == 'u')
+		      unique++;
+		    sprintf (buff, "%d", unique);
+		    obstack_grow (&obstack, buff, strlen (buff));
+		  }
+#endif
+		delete_this_arg = 1;
+	      }
+	    arg_going = 1;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'i':
+	    obstack_grow (&obstack, input_filename, input_filename_length);
+	    arg_going = 1;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'I':
+	    if (gcc_exec_prefix)
+	      {
+		do_spec_1 ("-iprefix", 1, NULL_PTR);
+		/* Make this a separate argument.  */
+		do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+		do_spec_1 (gcc_exec_prefix, 1, NULL_PTR);
+		do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      }
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'o':
+	    {
+	      register int f;
+	      for (f = 0; f < n_infiles; f++)
+		store_arg (outfiles[f], 0, 0);
+	    }
+	    break;
+
+	  case 's':
+	    this_is_library_file = 1;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'w':
+	    this_is_output_file = 1;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'W':
+	    {
+	      int index = argbuf_index;
+	      /* Handle the {...} following the %W.  */
+	      if (*p != '{')
+		abort ();
+	      p = handle_braces (p + 1);
+	      if (p == 0)
+		return -1;
+	      /* If any args were output, mark the last one for deletion
+		 on failure.  */
+	      if (argbuf_index != index)
+		record_temp_file (argbuf[argbuf_index - 1], 0, 1);
+	      break;
+	    }
+
+	  /* %x{OPTION} records OPTION for %X to output.  */
+	  case 'x':
+	    {
+	      char *p1 = p;
+	      char *string;
+
+	      /* Skip past the option value and make a copy.  */
+	      if (*p != '{')
+		abort ();
+	      while (*p++ != '}')
+		;
+	      string = save_string (p1 + 1, p - p1 - 2);
+
+	      /* See if we already recorded this option.  */
+	      for (i = 0; i < n_linker_options; i++)
+		if (! strcmp (string, linker_options[i]))
+		  {
+		    free (string);
+		    return 0;
+		  }
+
+	      /* This option is new; add it.  */
+	      n_linker_options++;
+	      if (!linker_options)
+		linker_options
+		  = (char **) xmalloc (n_linker_options * sizeof (char **));
+	      else
+		linker_options
+		  = (char **) xrealloc (linker_options,
+					n_linker_options * sizeof (char **));
+
+	      linker_options[n_linker_options - 1] = string;
+	    }
+	    break;
+
+	  /* Dump out the options accumulated previously using %x,
+	     -Xlinker and -Wl,.  */
+	  case 'X':
+	    for (i = 0; i < n_linker_options; i++)
+	      {
+		do_spec_1 (linker_options[i], 1, NULL_PTR);
+		/* Make each accumulated option a separate argument.  */
+		do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      }
+	    break;
+
+	  /* Dump out the options accumulated previously using -Wa,.  */
+	  case 'Y':
+	    for (i = 0; i < n_assembler_options; i++)
+	      {
+		do_spec_1 (assembler_options[i], 1, NULL_PTR);
+		/* Make each accumulated option a separate argument.  */
+		do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      }
+	    break;
+
+	    /* Here are digits and numbers that just process
+	       a certain constant string as a spec.  */
+
+	  case '1':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (cc1_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case '2':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (cc1plus_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'a':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (asm_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'A':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (asm_final_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'c':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (signed_char_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'C':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (cpp_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'E':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (endfile_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'l':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (link_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'L':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (lib_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'p':
+	    {
+	      char *x = (char *) alloca (strlen (cpp_predefines) + 1);
+	      char *buf = x;
+	      char *y;
+
+	      /* Copy all of the -D options in CPP_PREDEFINES into BUF.  */
+	      y = cpp_predefines;
+	      while (*y != 0)
+		{
+		  if (! strncmp (y, "-D", 2))
+		    /* Copy the whole option.  */
+		    while (*y && *y != ' ' && *y != '\t')
+		      *x++ = *y++;
+		  else if (*y == ' ' || *y == '\t')
+		    /* Copy whitespace to the result.  */
+		    *x++ = *y++;
+		  /* Don't copy other options.  */
+		  else
+		    y++;
+		}
+
+	      *x = 0;
+
+	      value = do_spec_1 (buf, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      if (value != 0)
+		return value;
+	    }
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'P':
+	    {
+	      char *x = (char *) alloca (strlen (cpp_predefines) * 4 + 1);
+	      char *buf = x;
+	      char *y;
+
+	      /* Copy all of CPP_PREDEFINES into BUF,
+		 but put __ after every -D and at the end of each arg.  */
+	      y = cpp_predefines;
+	      while (*y != 0)
+		{
+		  if (! strncmp (y, "-D", 2))
+		    {
+		      int flag = 0;
+
+		      *x++ = *y++;
+		      *x++ = *y++;
+
+		      if (strncmp (y, "__", 2))
+		        {
+			  /* Stick __ at front of macro name.  */
+			  *x++ = '_';
+			  *x++ = '_';
+			  /* Arrange to stick __ at the end as well.  */
+			  flag = 1;
+			}
+
+		      /* Copy the macro name.  */
+		      while (*y && *y != '=' && *y != ' ' && *y != '\t')
+			*x++ = *y++;
+
+		      if (flag)
+		        {
+			  *x++ = '_';
+			  *x++ = '_';
+			}
+
+		      /* Copy the value given, if any.  */
+		      while (*y && *y != ' ' && *y != '\t')
+			*x++ = *y++;
+		    }
+		  else if (*y == ' ' || *y == '\t')
+		    /* Copy whitespace to the result.  */
+		    *x++ = *y++;
+		  /* Don't copy -A options  */
+		  else
+		    y++;
+		}
+	      *x++ = ' ';
+
+	      /* Copy all of CPP_PREDEFINES into BUF,
+		 but put __ after every -D.  */
+	      y = cpp_predefines;
+	      while (*y != 0)
+		{
+		  if (! strncmp (y, "-D", 2))
+		    {
+		      *x++ = *y++;
+		      *x++ = *y++;
+
+		      if (strncmp (y, "__", 2))
+		        {
+			  /* Stick __ at front of macro name.  */
+			  *x++ = '_';
+			  *x++ = '_';
+			}
+
+		      /* Copy the macro name.  */
+		      while (*y && *y != '=' && *y != ' ' && *y != '\t')
+			*x++ = *y++;
+
+		      /* Copy the value given, if any.  */
+		      while (*y && *y != ' ' && *y != '\t')
+			*x++ = *y++;
+		    }
+		  else if (*y == ' ' || *y == '\t')
+		    /* Copy whitespace to the result.  */
+		    *x++ = *y++;
+		  /* Don't copy -A options  */
+		  else
+		    y++;
+		}
+	      *x++ = ' ';
+
+	      /* Copy all of the -A options in CPP_PREDEFINES into BUF.  */
+	      y = cpp_predefines;
+	      while (*y != 0)
+		{
+		  if (! strncmp (y, "-A", 2))
+		    /* Copy the whole option.  */
+		    while (*y && *y != ' ' && *y != '\t')
+		      *x++ = *y++;
+		  else if (*y == ' ' || *y == '\t')
+		    /* Copy whitespace to the result.  */
+		    *x++ = *y++;
+		  /* Don't copy other options.  */
+		  else
+		    y++;
+		}
+
+	      *x = 0;
+
+	      value = do_spec_1 (buf, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	      if (value != 0)
+		return value;
+	    }
+	    break;
+
+	  case 'S':
+	    value = do_spec_1 (startfile_spec, 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    if (value != 0)
+	      return value;
+	    break;
+
+	    /* Here we define characters other than letters and digits.  */
+
+	  case '{':
+	    p = handle_braces (p);
+	    if (p == 0)
+	      return -1;
+	    break;
+
+	  case '%':
+	    obstack_1grow (&obstack, '%');
+	    break;
+
+	  case '*':
+	    do_spec_1 (soft_matched_part, 1, NULL_PTR);
+	    do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    break;
+
+	    /* Process a string found as the value of a spec given by name.
+	       This feature allows individual machine descriptions
+	       to add and use their own specs.
+	       %[...] modifies -D options the way %P does;
+	       %(...) uses the spec unmodified.  */
+	  case '(':
+	  case '[':
+	    {
+	      char *name = p;
+	      struct spec_list *sl;
+	      int len;
+
+	      /* The string after the S/P is the name of a spec that is to be
+		 processed. */
+	      while (*p && *p != ')' && *p != ']')
+		p++;
+
+	      /* See if it's in the list */
+	      for (len = p - name, sl = specs; sl; sl = sl->next)
+		if (strncmp (sl->name, name, len) == 0 && !sl->name[len])
+		  {
+		    name = sl->spec;
+		    break;
+		  }
+
+	      if (sl)
+		{
+		  if (c == '(')
+		    {
+		      value = do_spec_1 (name, 0, NULL_PTR);
+		      if (value != 0)
+			return value;
+		    }
+		  else
+		    {
+		      char *x = (char *) alloca (strlen (name) * 2 + 1);
+		      char *buf = x;
+		      char *y = name;
+
+		      /* Copy all of NAME into BUF, but put __ after
+			 every -D and at the end of each arg,  */
+		      while (1)
+			{
+			  if (! strncmp (y, "-D", 2))
+			    {
+			      *x++ = '-';
+			      *x++ = 'D';
+			      *x++ = '_';
+			      *x++ = '_';
+			      y += 2;
+			    }
+			  else if (*y == ' ' || *y == 0)
+			    {
+			      *x++ = '_';
+			      *x++ = '_';
+			      if (*y == 0)
+				break;
+			      else
+				*x++ = *y++;
+			    }
+			  else
+			    *x++ = *y++;
+			}
+		      *x = 0;
+
+		      value = do_spec_1 (buf, 0, NULL_PTR);
+		      if (value != 0)
+			return value;
+		    }
+		}
+
+	      /* Discard the closing paren or bracket.  */
+	      if (*p)
+		p++;
+	    }
+	    break;
+
+	  case '|':
+	    if (input_from_pipe)
+	      do_spec_1 ("-", 0, NULL_PTR);
+	    break;
+
+	  default:
+	    abort ();
+	  }
+	break;
+
+      case '\\':
+	/* Backslash: treat next character as ordinary.  */
+	c = *p++;
+
+	/* fall through */
+      default:
+	/* Ordinary character: put it into the current argument.  */
+	obstack_1grow (&obstack, c);
+	arg_going = 1;
+      }
+
+  return 0;		/* End of string */
+}
+
+/* Return 0 if we call do_spec_1 and that returns -1.  */
+
+static char *
+handle_braces (p)
+     register char *p;
+{
+  register char *q;
+  char *filter;
+  int pipe = 0;
+  int negate = 0;
+  int suffix = 0;
+
+  if (*p == '|')
+    /* A `|' after the open-brace means,
+       if the test fails, output a single minus sign rather than nothing.
+       This is used in %{|!pipe:...}.  */
+    pipe = 1, ++p;
+
+  if (*p == '!')
+    /* A `!' after the open-brace negates the condition:
+       succeed if the specified switch is not present.  */
+    negate = 1, ++p;
+
+  if (*p == '.')
+    /* A `.' after the open-brace means test against the current suffix.  */
+    {
+      if (pipe)
+	abort ();
+
+      suffix = 1;
+      ++p;
+    }
+
+  filter = p;
+  while (*p != ':' && *p != '}') p++;
+  if (*p != '}')
+    {
+      register int count = 1;
+      q = p + 1;
+      while (count > 0)
+	{
+	  if (*q == '{')
+	    count++;
+	  else if (*q == '}')
+	    count--;
+	  else if (*q == 0)
+	    abort ();
+	  q++;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    q = p + 1;
+
+  if (suffix)
+    {
+      int found = (input_suffix != 0
+		   && strlen (input_suffix) == p - filter
+		   && strncmp (input_suffix, filter, p - filter) == 0);
+
+      if (p[0] == '}')
+	abort ();
+
+      if (negate != found
+	  && do_spec_1 (save_string (p + 1, q - p - 2), 0, NULL_PTR) < 0)
+	return 0;
+
+      return q;
+    }
+  else if (p[-1] == '*' && p[0] == '}')
+    {
+      /* Substitute all matching switches as separate args.  */
+      register int i;
+      --p;
+      for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+	if (!strncmp (switches[i].part1, filter, p - filter))
+	  give_switch (i, 0);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* Test for presence of the specified switch.  */
+      register int i;
+      int present = 0;
+
+      /* If name specified ends in *, as in {x*:...},
+	 check for %* and handle that case.  */
+      if (p[-1] == '*' && !negate)
+	{
+	  int substitution;
+	  char *r = p;
+
+	  /* First see whether we have %*.  */
+	  substitution = 0;
+	  while (r < q)
+	    {
+	      if (*r == '%' && r[1] == '*')
+		substitution = 1;
+	      r++;
+	    }
+	  /* If we do, handle that case.  */
+	  if (substitution)
+	    {
+	      /* Substitute all matching switches as separate args.
+		 But do this by substituting for %*
+		 in the text that follows the colon.  */
+
+	      unsigned hard_match_len = p - filter - 1;
+	      char *string = save_string (p + 1, q - p - 2);
+
+	      for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+		if (!strncmp (switches[i].part1, filter, hard_match_len))
+		  {
+		    do_spec_1 (string, 0, &switches[i].part1[hard_match_len]);
+		    /* Pass any arguments this switch has.  */
+		    give_switch (i, 1);
+		  }
+
+	      return q;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* If name specified ends in *, as in {x*:...},
+	 check for presence of any switch name starting with x.  */
+      if (p[-1] == '*')
+	{
+	  for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+	    {
+	      unsigned hard_match_len = p - filter - 1;
+
+	      if (!strncmp (switches[i].part1, filter, hard_match_len))
+		{
+		  switches[i].valid = 1;
+		  present = 1;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+      /* Otherwise, check for presence of exact name specified.  */
+      else
+	{
+	  for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+	    {
+	      if (!strncmp (switches[i].part1, filter, p - filter)
+		  && switches[i].part1[p - filter] == 0)
+		{
+		  switches[i].valid = 1;
+		  present = 1;
+		  break;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+
+      /* If it is as desired (present for %{s...}, absent for %{-s...})
+	 then substitute either the switch or the specified
+	 conditional text.  */
+      if (present != negate)
+	{
+	  if (*p == '}')
+	    {
+	      give_switch (i, 0);
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      if (do_spec_1 (save_string (p + 1, q - p - 2), 0, NULL_PTR) < 0)
+		return 0;
+	    }
+	}
+      else if (pipe)
+	{
+	  /* Here if a %{|...} conditional fails: output a minus sign,
+	     which means "standard output" or "standard input".  */
+	  do_spec_1 ("-", 0, NULL_PTR);
+	}
+    }
+
+  return q;
+}
+
+/* Pass a switch to the current accumulating command
+   in the same form that we received it.
+   SWITCHNUM identifies the switch; it is an index into
+   the vector of switches gcc received, which is `switches'.
+   This cannot fail since it never finishes a command line.
+
+   If OMIT_FIRST_WORD is nonzero, then we omit .part1 of the argument.  */
+
+static void
+give_switch (switchnum, omit_first_word)
+     int switchnum;
+     int omit_first_word;
+{
+  if (!omit_first_word)
+    {
+      do_spec_1 ("-", 0, NULL_PTR);
+      do_spec_1 (switches[switchnum].part1, 1, NULL_PTR);
+    }
+  do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+  if (switches[switchnum].args != 0)
+    {
+      char **p;
+      for (p = switches[switchnum].args; *p; p++)
+	{
+	  do_spec_1 (*p, 1, NULL_PTR);
+	  do_spec_1 (" ", 0, NULL_PTR);
+	}
+    }
+  switches[switchnum].valid = 1;
+}
+
+/* Search for a file named NAME trying various prefixes including the
+   user's -B prefix and some standard ones.
+   Return the absolute file name found.  If nothing is found, return NAME.  */
+
+static char *
+find_file (name)
+     char *name;
+{
+  char *newname;
+
+  newname = find_a_file (&startfile_prefix, name, R_OK);
+  return newname ? newname : name;
+}
+
+/* Determine whether a directory exists.  If LINKER, return 0 for
+   certain fixed names not needed by the linker.  If not LINKER, it is
+   only important to return 0 if the host machine has a small ARG_MAX
+   limit.  */
+
+static int
+is_directory (path1, path2, linker)
+     char *path1;
+     char *path2;
+     int linker;
+{
+  int len1 = strlen (path1);
+  int len2 = strlen (path2);
+  char *path = (char *) alloca (3 + len1 + len2);
+  char *cp;
+  struct stat st;
+
+#ifndef SMALL_ARG_MAX
+  if (! linker)
+    return 1;
+#endif
+
+  /* Construct the path from the two parts.  Ensure the string ends with "/.".
+     The resulting path will be a directory even if the given path is a
+     symbolic link.  */
+  bcopy (path1, path, len1);
+  bcopy (path2, path + len1, len2);
+  cp = path + len1 + len2;
+  if (cp[-1] != '/')
+    *cp++ = '/';
+  *cp++ = '.';
+  *cp = '\0';
+
+  /* Exclude directories that the linker is known to search.  */
+  if (linker
+      && ((cp - path == 6 && strcmp (path, "/lib/.") == 0)
+	  || (cp - path == 10 && strcmp (path, "/usr/lib/.") == 0)))
+    return 0;
+
+  return (stat (path, &st) >= 0 && S_ISDIR (st.st_mode));
+}
+
+/* On fatal signals, delete all the temporary files.  */
+
+static void
+fatal_error (signum)
+     int signum;
+{
+  signal (signum, SIG_DFL);
+  delete_failure_queue ();
+  delete_temp_files ();
+  /* Get the same signal again, this time not handled,
+     so its normal effect occurs.  */
+  kill (getpid (), signum);
+}
+
+int
+main (argc, argv)
+     int argc;
+     char **argv;
+{
+  register int i;
+  int j;
+  int value;
+  int linker_was_run = 0;
+  char *explicit_link_files;
+  char *specs_file;
+  char *p;
+
+  p = argv[0] + strlen (argv[0]);
+  while (p != argv[0] && p[-1] != '/') --p;
+  programname = p;
+
+  if (signal (SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
+    signal (SIGINT, fatal_error);
+#ifdef SIGHUP
+  if (signal (SIGHUP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
+    signal (SIGHUP, fatal_error);
+#endif
+  if (signal (SIGTERM, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
+    signal (SIGTERM, fatal_error);
+#ifdef SIGPIPE
+  if (signal (SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
+    signal (SIGPIPE, fatal_error);
+#endif
+
+  argbuf_length = 10;
+  argbuf = (char **) xmalloc (argbuf_length * sizeof (char *));
+
+  obstack_init (&obstack);
+
+  /* Set up to remember the pathname of gcc and any options
+     needed for collect.  We use argv[0] instead of programname because
+     we need the complete pathname.  */
+  obstack_init (&collect_obstack);
+  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, "COLLECT_GCC=", sizeof ("COLLECT_GCC=")-1);
+  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, argv[0], strlen (argv[0])+1);
+  putenv (obstack_finish (&collect_obstack));
+
+  /* Choose directory for temp files.  */
+
+  choose_temp_base ();
+
+  /* Make a table of what switches there are (switches, n_switches).
+     Make a table of specified input files (infiles, n_infiles).
+     Decode switches that are handled locally.  */
+
+  process_command (argc, argv);
+
+  /* Initialize the vector of specs to just the default.
+     This means one element containing 0s, as a terminator.  */
+
+  compilers = (struct compiler *) xmalloc (sizeof default_compilers);
+  bcopy (default_compilers, compilers, sizeof default_compilers);
+  n_compilers = n_default_compilers;
+
+  /* Read specs from a file if there is one.  */
+
+  machine_suffix = concat (spec_machine, "/", concat (spec_version, "/", ""));
+  just_machine_suffix = concat (spec_machine, "/", "");
+
+  specs_file = find_a_file (&startfile_prefix, "specs", R_OK);
+  /* Read the specs file unless it is a default one.  */
+  if (specs_file != 0 && strcmp (specs_file, "specs"))
+    read_specs (specs_file);
+
+  /* If not cross-compiling, look for startfiles in the standard places.  */
+  /* The fact that these are done here, after reading the specs file,
+     means that it cannot be found in these directories.
+     But that's okay.  It should never be there anyway.  */
+  if (!cross_compile)
+    {
+#ifdef MD_EXEC_PREFIX
+      add_prefix (&exec_prefix, md_exec_prefix, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, md_exec_prefix, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, md_startfile_prefix, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef MD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, md_startfile_prefix_1, 0, 0, NULL_PTR);
+#endif
+
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, standard_startfile_prefix, 0, 0,
+		  NULL_PTR);
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, standard_startfile_prefix_1, 0, 0,
+		  NULL_PTR);
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, standard_startfile_prefix_2, 0, 0,
+		  NULL_PTR);
+#if 0 /* Can cause surprises, and one can use -B./ instead.  */
+      add_prefix (&startfile_prefix, "./", 0, 1, NULL_PTR);
+#endif
+    }
+
+  /* Now we have the specs.
+     Set the `valid' bits for switches that match anything in any spec.  */
+
+  validate_all_switches ();
+
+  /* Warn about any switches that no pass was interested in.  */
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+    if (! switches[i].valid)
+      error ("unrecognized option `-%s'", switches[i].part1);
+
+  if (print_libgcc_file_name)
+    {
+      printf ("%s\n", find_file ("libgcc.a"));
+      exit (0);
+    }
+
+  /* Obey some of the options.  */
+
+  if (verbose_flag)
+    {
+      fprintf (stderr, "gcc version %s\n", version_string);
+      if (n_infiles == 0)
+	exit (0);
+    }
+
+  if (n_infiles == 0)
+    fatal ("No input files specified.");
+
+  /* Make a place to record the compiler output file names
+     that correspond to the input files.  */
+
+  outfiles = (char **) xmalloc (n_infiles * sizeof (char *));
+  bzero (outfiles, n_infiles * sizeof (char *));
+
+  /* Record which files were specified explicitly as link input.  */
+
+  explicit_link_files = xmalloc (n_infiles);
+  bzero (explicit_link_files, n_infiles);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n_infiles; i++)
+    {
+      register struct compiler *cp = 0;
+      int this_file_error = 0;
+
+      /* Tell do_spec what to substitute for %i.  */
+
+      input_filename = infiles[i].name;
+      input_filename_length = strlen (input_filename);
+      input_file_number = i;
+
+      /* Use the same thing in %o, unless cp->spec says otherwise.  */
+
+      outfiles[i] = input_filename;
+
+      /* Figure out which compiler from the file's suffix.  */
+
+      cp = lookup_compiler (infiles[i].name, input_filename_length,
+			    infiles[i].language);
+
+      if (cp)
+	{
+	  /* Ok, we found an applicable compiler.  Run its spec.  */
+	  /* First say how much of input_filename to substitute for %b  */
+	  register char *p;
+	  int len;
+
+	  input_basename = input_filename;
+	  for (p = input_filename; *p; p++)
+	    if (*p == '/')
+	      input_basename = p + 1;
+
+	  /* Find a suffix starting with the last period,
+	     and set basename_length to exclude that suffix.  */
+	  basename_length = strlen (input_basename);
+	  p = input_basename + basename_length;
+	  while (p != input_basename && *p != '.') --p;
+	  if (*p == '.' && p != input_basename)
+	    {
+	      basename_length = p - input_basename;
+	      input_suffix = p + 1;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    input_suffix = "";
+
+	  len = 0;
+	  for (j = 0; j < sizeof cp->spec / sizeof cp->spec[0]; j++)
+	    if (cp->spec[j])
+	      len += strlen (cp->spec[j]);
+
+	  p = (char *) xmalloc (len + 1);
+
+	  len = 0;
+	  for (j = 0; j < sizeof cp->spec / sizeof cp->spec[0]; j++)
+	    if (cp->spec[j])
+	      {
+		strcpy (p + len, cp->spec[j]);
+		len += strlen (cp->spec[j]);
+	      }
+
+	  value = do_spec (p);
+	  free (p);
+	  if (value < 0)
+	    this_file_error = 1;
+	}
+
+      /* If this file's name does not contain a recognized suffix,
+	 record it as explicit linker input.  */
+
+      else
+	explicit_link_files[i] = 1;
+
+      /* Clear the delete-on-failure queue, deleting the files in it
+	 if this compilation failed.  */
+
+      if (this_file_error)
+	{
+	  delete_failure_queue ();
+	  error_count++;
+	}
+      /* If this compilation succeeded, don't delete those files later.  */
+      clear_failure_queue ();
+    }
+
+  /* Run ld to link all the compiler output files.  */
+
+  if (error_count == 0)
+    {
+      int tmp = execution_count;
+      int i;
+      int first_time;
+
+      /* Rebuild the COMPILER_PATH and LIBRARY_PATH environment variables
+	 for collect.  */
+      putenv_from_prefixes (&exec_prefix, "COMPILER_PATH=");
+      putenv_from_prefixes (&startfile_prefix, "LIBRARY_PATH=");
+
+      /* Build COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS to have all of the options specified to
+	 the compiler.  */
+      obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, "COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS=",
+		    sizeof ("COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS=")-1);
+
+      first_time = TRUE;
+      for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+	{
+	  char **args;
+	  if (!first_time)
+	    obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, " ", 1);
+
+	  first_time = FALSE;
+	  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, "-", 1);
+	  obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, switches[i].part1,
+			strlen (switches[i].part1));
+
+	  for (args = switches[i].args; args && *args; args++)
+	    {
+	      obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, " ", 1);
+	      obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, *args, strlen (*args));
+	    }
+	}
+      obstack_grow (&collect_obstack, "\0", 1);
+      putenv (obstack_finish (&collect_obstack));
+
+      value = do_spec (link_command_spec);
+      if (value < 0)
+	error_count = 1;
+      linker_was_run = (tmp != execution_count);
+    }
+
+  /* Warn if a -B option was specified but the prefix was never used.  */
+  unused_prefix_warnings (&exec_prefix);
+  unused_prefix_warnings (&startfile_prefix);
+
+  /* If options said don't run linker,
+     complain about input files to be given to the linker.  */
+
+  if (! linker_was_run && error_count == 0)
+    for (i = 0; i < n_infiles; i++)
+      if (explicit_link_files[i])
+	error ("%s: linker input file unused since linking not done",
+	       outfiles[i]);
+
+  /* Delete some or all of the temporary files we made.  */
+
+  if (error_count)
+    delete_failure_queue ();
+  delete_temp_files ();
+
+  exit (error_count > 0 ? (signal_count ? 2 : 1) : 0);
+  /* NOTREACHED */
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Find the proper compilation spec for the file name NAME,
+   whose length is LENGTH.  LANGUAGE is the specified language,
+   or 0 if none specified.  */
+
+static struct compiler *
+lookup_compiler (name, length, language)
+     char *name;
+     int length;
+     char *language;
+{
+  struct compiler *cp;
+
+  /* Look for the language, if one is spec'd.  */
+  if (language != 0)
+    {
+      for (cp = compilers + n_compilers - 1; cp >= compilers; cp--)
+	{
+	  if (language != 0)
+	    {
+	      if (cp->suffix[0] == '@'
+		  && !strcmp (cp->suffix + 1, language))
+		return cp;
+	    }
+	}
+      error ("language %s not recognized", language);
+    }
+
+  /* Look for a suffix.  */
+  for (cp = compilers + n_compilers - 1; cp >= compilers; cp--)
+    {
+      if (/* The suffix `-' matches only the file name `-'.  */
+	  (!strcmp (cp->suffix, "-") && !strcmp (name, "-"))
+	  ||
+	  (strlen (cp->suffix) < length
+	   /* See if the suffix matches the end of NAME.  */
+	   && !strcmp (cp->suffix,
+		       name + length - strlen (cp->suffix))))
+	{
+	  if (cp->spec[0][0] == '@')
+	    {
+	      struct compiler *new;
+	      /* An alias entry maps a suffix to a language.
+		 Search for the language; pass 0 for NAME and LENGTH
+		 to avoid infinite recursion if language not found.
+		 Construct the new compiler spec.  */
+	      language = cp->spec[0] + 1;
+	      new = (struct compiler *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct compiler));
+	      new->suffix = cp->suffix;
+	      bcopy (lookup_compiler (NULL_PTR, 0, language)->spec,
+		     new->spec, sizeof new->spec);
+	      return new;
+	    }
+	  /* A non-alias entry: return it.  */
+	  return cp;
+	}
+    }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+char *
+xmalloc (size)
+     unsigned size;
+{
+  register char *value = (char *) malloc (size);
+  if (value == 0)
+    fatal ("virtual memory exhausted");
+  return value;
+}
+
+char *
+xrealloc (ptr, size)
+     char *ptr;
+     unsigned size;
+{
+  register char *value = (char *) realloc (ptr, size);
+  if (value == 0)
+    fatal ("virtual memory exhausted");
+  return value;
+}
+
+/* Return a newly-allocated string whose contents concatenate those of s1, s2, s3.  */
+
+static char *
+concat (s1, s2, s3)
+     char *s1, *s2, *s3;
+{
+  int len1 = strlen (s1), len2 = strlen (s2), len3 = strlen (s3);
+  char *result = xmalloc (len1 + len2 + len3 + 1);
+
+  strcpy (result, s1);
+  strcpy (result + len1, s2);
+  strcpy (result + len1 + len2, s3);
+  *(result + len1 + len2 + len3) = 0;
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+static char *
+save_string (s, len)
+     char *s;
+     int len;
+{
+  register char *result = xmalloc (len + 1);
+
+  bcopy (s, result, len);
+  result[len] = 0;
+  return result;
+}
+
+static void
+pfatal_with_name (name)
+     char *name;
+{
+  char *s;
+
+  if (errno < sys_nerr)
+    s = concat ("%s: ", sys_errlist[errno], "");
+  else
+    s = "cannot open %s";
+  fatal (s, name);
+}
+
+static void
+perror_with_name (name)
+     char *name;
+{
+  char *s;
+
+  if (errno < sys_nerr)
+    s = concat ("%s: ", sys_errlist[errno], "");
+  else
+    s = "cannot open %s";
+  error (s, name);
+}
+
+static void
+perror_exec (name)
+     char *name;
+{
+  char *s;
+
+  if (errno < sys_nerr)
+    s = concat ("installation problem, cannot exec %s: ",
+		sys_errlist[errno], "");
+  else
+    s = "installation problem, cannot exec %s";
+  error (s, name);
+}
+
+/* More 'friendly' abort that prints the line and file.
+   config.h can #define abort fancy_abort if you like that sort of thing.  */
+
+void
+fancy_abort ()
+{
+  fatal ("Internal gcc abort.");
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_VPRINTF
+
+/* Output an error message and exit */
+
+static void
+fatal (va_alist)
+     va_dcl
+{
+  va_list ap;
+  char *format;
+
+  va_start (ap);
+  format = va_arg (ap, char *);
+  fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", programname);
+  vfprintf (stderr, format, ap);
+  va_end (ap);
+  fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+  delete_temp_files ();
+  exit (1);
+}
+
+static void
+error (va_alist)
+     va_dcl
+{
+  va_list ap;
+  char *format;
+
+  va_start (ap);
+  format = va_arg (ap, char *);
+  fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", programname);
+  vfprintf (stderr, format, ap);
+  va_end (ap);
+
+  fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+#else /* not HAVE_VPRINTF */
+
+static void
+fatal (msg, arg1, arg2)
+     char *msg, *arg1, *arg2;
+{
+  error (msg, arg1, arg2);
+  delete_temp_files ();
+  exit (1);
+}
+
+static void
+error (msg, arg1, arg2)
+     char *msg, *arg1, *arg2;
+{
+  fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", programname);
+  fprintf (stderr, msg, arg1, arg2);
+  fprintf (stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+#endif /* not HAVE_VPRINTF */
+
+
+static void
+validate_all_switches ()
+{
+  struct compiler *comp;
+  register char *p;
+  register char c;
+  struct spec_list *spec;
+
+  for (comp = compilers; comp->spec[0]; comp++)
+    {
+      int i;
+      for (i = 0; i < sizeof comp->spec / sizeof comp->spec[0] && comp->spec[i]; i++)
+	{
+	  p = comp->spec[i];
+	  while (c = *p++)
+	    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+	      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+	      validate_switches (p + 1);
+	}
+    }
+
+  /* look through the linked list of extra specs read from the specs file */
+  for (spec = specs; spec ; spec = spec->next)
+    {
+      p = spec->spec;
+      while (c = *p++)
+	if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+	  /* We have a switch spec.  */
+	  validate_switches (p + 1);
+    }
+
+  p = link_command_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  /* Now notice switches mentioned in the machine-specific specs.  */
+
+  p = asm_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = asm_final_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = cpp_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = signed_char_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = cc1_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = cc1plus_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = link_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = lib_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+
+  p = startfile_spec;
+  while (c = *p++)
+    if (c == '%' && *p == '{')
+      /* We have a switch spec.  */
+      validate_switches (p + 1);
+}
+
+/* Look at the switch-name that comes after START
+   and mark as valid all supplied switches that match it.  */
+
+static void
+validate_switches (start)
+     char *start;
+{
+  register char *p = start;
+  char *filter;
+  register int i;
+  int suffix = 0;
+
+  if (*p == '|')
+    ++p;
+
+  if (*p == '!')
+    ++p;
+
+  if (*p == '.')
+    suffix = 1, ++p;
+
+  filter = p;
+  while (*p != ':' && *p != '}') p++;
+
+  if (suffix)
+    ;
+  else if (p[-1] == '*')
+    {
+      /* Mark all matching switches as valid.  */
+      --p;
+      for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+	if (!strncmp (switches[i].part1, filter, p - filter))
+	  switches[i].valid = 1;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* Mark an exact matching switch as valid.  */
+      for (i = 0; i < n_switches; i++)
+	{
+	  if (!strncmp (switches[i].part1, filter, p - filter)
+	      && switches[i].part1[p - filter] == 0)
+	    switches[i].valid = 1;
+	}
+    }
+}