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diff --git a/doc/html/man/curs_getch.3x.html b/doc/html/man/curs_getch.3x.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..2bdcdc423a25 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/html/man/curs_getch.3x.html @@ -0,0 +1,359 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> +<!-- + * t + **************************************************************************** + * Copyright (c) 1998-2010,2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. * + * * + * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a * + * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the * + * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including * + * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, * + * distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell * + * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * + * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * + * * + * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included * + * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * + * * + * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS * + * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF * + * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. * + * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, * + * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR * + * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR * + * THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. * + * * + * Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright * + * holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the * + * sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written * + * authorization. * + **************************************************************************** + * @Id: curs_getch.3x,v 1.36 2011/01/22 19:38:51 tom Exp @ +--> +<HTML> +<HEAD> +<TITLE>curs_getch 3x</TITLE> +<link rev=made href="mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org"> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> +</HEAD> +<BODY> +<H1>curs_getch 3x</H1> +<HR> +<PRE> +<!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 --> +<STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG> + + + + +</PRE> +<H2>NAME</H2><PRE> + <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>ungetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> - get + (or push back) characters from <STRONG>curses</STRONG> terminal keyboard + + +</PRE> +<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE> + <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG> + + <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>getch(void);</STRONG> + <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wgetch(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win);</STRONG> + <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvgetch(int</STRONG> <STRONG>y,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>x);</STRONG> + <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwgetch(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>y,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>x);</STRONG> + <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>ungetch(int</STRONG> <STRONG>ch);</STRONG> + <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>has_key(int</STRONG> <STRONG>ch);</STRONG> + + +</PRE> +<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE> + The <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG> and <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, routines read a + character from the window. In no-delay mode, if no input + is waiting, the value <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> is returned. In delay mode, the + program waits until the system passes text through to the + program. Depending on the setting of <STRONG>cbreak</STRONG>, this is af- + ter one character (cbreak mode), or after the first new- + line (nocbreak mode). In half-delay mode, the program + waits until a character is typed or the specified timeout + has been reached. + + Unless <STRONG>noecho</STRONG> has been set, then the character will also + be echoed into the designated window according to the fol- + lowing rules: if the character is the current erase char- + acter, left arrow, or backspace, the cursor is moved one + space to the left and that screen position is erased as if + <STRONG>delch</STRONG> had been called. If the character value is any oth- + er <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG> define, the user is alerted with a <STRONG>beep</STRONG> call. + Otherwise the character is simply output to the screen. + + If the window is not a pad, and it has been moved or modi- + fied since the last call to <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG>, <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG> will be + called before another character is read. + + If <STRONG>keypad</STRONG> is <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG>, and a function key is pressed, the to- + ken for that function key is returned instead of the raw + characters. Possible function keys are defined in <STRONG><curs-</STRONG> + <STRONG>es.h></STRONG> as macros with values outside the range of 8-bit + characters whose names begin with <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG>. Thus, a variable + intended to hold the return value of a function key must + be of short size or larger. + + When a character that could be the beginning of a function + key is received (which, on modern terminals, means an es- + cape character), <STRONG>curses</STRONG> sets a timer. If the remainder of + the sequence does not come in within the designated time, + the character is passed through; otherwise, the function + key value is returned. For this reason, many terminals + experience a delay between the time a user presses the es- + cape key and the escape is returned to the program. + + The <STRONG>ungetch</STRONG> routine places <EM>ch</EM> back onto the input queue to + be returned by the next call to <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>. There is just one + input queue for all windows. + + + <STRONG>Function</STRONG> <STRONG>Keys</STRONG> + The following function keys, defined in <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>, might + be returned by <STRONG>getch</STRONG> if <STRONG>keypad</STRONG> has been enabled. Note + that not all of these are necessarily supported on any + particular terminal. + + + <EM>Name</EM> <EM>Key</EM> <EM>name</EM> + KEY_BREAK Break key + KEY_DOWN The four arrow keys ... + KEY_UP + KEY_LEFT + KEY_RIGHT + KEY_HOME Home key (upward+left arrow) + KEY_BACKSPACE Backspace + KEY_F0 Function keys; space for 64 keys + is reserved. + KEY_F(<EM>n</EM>) For 0 <= <EM>n</EM> <= 63 + KEY_DL Delete line + KEY_IL Insert line + KEY_DC Delete character + KEY_IC Insert char or enter insert mode + KEY_EIC Exit insert char mode + KEY_CLEAR Clear screen + KEY_EOS Clear to end of screen + KEY_EOL Clear to end of line + KEY_SF Scroll 1 line forward + KEY_SR Scroll 1 line backward (reverse) + KEY_NPAGE Next page + KEY_PPAGE Previous page + KEY_STAB Set tab + KEY_CTAB Clear tab + KEY_CATAB Clear all tabs + KEY_ENTER Enter or send + KEY_SRESET Soft (partial) reset + KEY_RESET Reset or hard reset + KEY_PRINT Print or copy + KEY_LL Home down or bottom (lower left) + KEY_A1 Upper left of keypad + KEY_A3 Upper right of keypad + KEY_B2 Center of keypad + KEY_C1 Lower left of keypad + KEY_C3 Lower right of keypad + KEY_BTAB Back tab key + KEY_BEG Beg(inning) key + KEY_CANCEL Cancel key + KEY_CLOSE Close key + KEY_COMMAND Cmd (command) key + KEY_COPY Copy key + KEY_CREATE Create key + KEY_END End key + KEY_EXIT Exit key + KEY_FIND Find key + KEY_HELP Help key + KEY_MARK Mark key + KEY_MESSAGE Message key + KEY_MOUSE Mouse event read + KEY_MOVE Move key + KEY_NEXT Next object key + KEY_OPEN Open key + KEY_OPTIONS Options key + KEY_PREVIOUS Previous object key + KEY_REDO Redo key + KEY_REFERENCE Ref(erence) key + KEY_REFRESH Refresh key + KEY_REPLACE Replace key + KEY_RESIZE Screen resized + KEY_RESTART Restart key + KEY_RESUME Resume key + + KEY_SAVE Save key + KEY_SBEG Shifted beginning key + KEY_SCANCEL Shifted cancel key + KEY_SCOMMAND Shifted command key + KEY_SCOPY Shifted copy key + KEY_SCREATE Shifted create key + KEY_SDC Shifted delete char key + KEY_SDL Shifted delete line key + KEY_SELECT Select key + KEY_SEND Shifted end key + KEY_SEOL Shifted clear line key + KEY_SEXIT Shifted exit key + KEY_SFIND Shifted find key + KEY_SHELP Shifted help key + KEY_SHOME Shifted home key + KEY_SIC Shifted input key + KEY_SLEFT Shifted left arrow key + KEY_SMESSAGE Shifted message key + KEY_SMOVE Shifted move key + KEY_SNEXT Shifted next key + KEY_SOPTIONS Shifted options key + KEY_SPREVIOUS Shifted prev key + KEY_SPRINT Shifted print key + KEY_SREDO Shifted redo key + KEY_SREPLACE Shifted replace key + KEY_SRIGHT Shifted right arrow + KEY_SRSUME Shifted resume key + KEY_SSAVE Shifted save key + KEY_SSUSPEND Shifted suspend key + KEY_SUNDO Shifted undo key + KEY_SUSPEND Suspend key + KEY_UNDO Undo key + + Keypad is arranged like this: + + + +-----+------+-------+ + | <STRONG>A1</STRONG> | <STRONG>up</STRONG> | <STRONG>A3</STRONG> | + +-----+------+-------+ + |<STRONG>left</STRONG> | <STRONG>B2</STRONG> | <STRONG>right</STRONG> | + +-----+------+-------+ + | <STRONG>C1</STRONG> | <STRONG>down</STRONG> | <STRONG>C3</STRONG> | + +-----+------+-------+ + The <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> routine takes a key value from the above list, + and returns TRUE or FALSE according to whether the current + terminal type recognizes a key with that value. Note that + a few values do not correspond to a real key, e.g., + <STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG> and <STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG>. See <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG> for more de- + tails about <STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG>, and <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG> for a discus- + sion of <STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG>. + + + +</PRE> +<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2><PRE> + All routines return the integer <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure and an + integer value other than <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> (<STRONG>OK</STRONG> in the case of ungetch()) + upon successful completion. + + <STRONG>ungetch</STRONG> + returns an error if there is no more room in + the FIFO. + + <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> + returns an error if the window pointer is + null, or if its timeout expires without having + any data. + + Functions with a "mv" prefix first perform a cursor move- + ment using <STRONG>wmove</STRONG>, and return an error if the position is + outside the window, or if the window pointer is null. + + +</PRE> +<H2>NOTES</H2><PRE> + Use of the escape key by a programmer for a single charac- + ter function is discouraged, as it will cause a delay of + up to one second while the keypad code looks for a follow- + ing function-key sequence. + + Note that some keys may be the same as commonly used con- + trol keys, e.g., <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> versus control/M, <STRONG>KEY_BACKSPACE</STRONG> + versus control/H. Some curses implementations may differ + according to whether they treat these control keys spe- + cially (and ignore the terminfo), or use the terminfo def- + initions. <STRONG>Ncurses</STRONG> uses the terminfo definition. If it + says that <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> is control/M, <STRONG>getch</STRONG> will return + <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> when you press control/M. + + Generally, <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> denotes the character(s) sent by the + <EM>Enter</EM> key on the numeric keypad: + + <STRONG>o</STRONG> the terminal description lists the most useful keys, + + <STRONG>o</STRONG> the <EM>Enter</EM> key on the regular keyboard is already han- + dled by the standard ASCII characters for carriage-re- + turn and line-feed, + + <STRONG>o</STRONG> depending on whether <STRONG>nl</STRONG> or <STRONG>nonl</STRONG> was called, pressing + "Enter" on the regular keyboard may return either a + carriage-return or line-feed, and finally + + <STRONG>o</STRONG> "Enter or send" is the standard description for this + key. + + When using <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, or <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, nocbreak + mode (<STRONG>nocbreak</STRONG>) and echo mode (<STRONG>echo</STRONG>) should not be used at + the same time. Depending on the state of the tty driver + when each character is typed, the program may produce un- + desirable results. + + Note that <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, and <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG> may be macros. + + Historically, the set of keypad macros was largely defined + by the extremely function-key-rich keyboard of the AT&T + 7300, aka 3B1, aka Safari 4. Modern personal computers + usually have only a small subset of these. IBM PC-style + consoles typically support little more than <STRONG>KEY_UP</STRONG>, + <STRONG>KEY_DOWN</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_LEFT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_RIGHT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_HOME</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_END</STRONG>, + <STRONG>KEY_NPAGE</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_PPAGE</STRONG>, and function keys 1 through 12. The + Ins key is usually mapped to <STRONG>KEY_IC</STRONG>. + + +</PRE> +<H2>PORTABILITY</H2><PRE> + The *get* functions are described in the XSI Curses stan- + dard, Issue 4. They read single-byte characters only. + The standard specifies that they return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on failure, + but specifies no error conditions. + + The echo behavior of these functions on input of <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG> or + backspace characters was not specified in the SVr4 docu- + mentation. This description is adopted from the XSI Curs- + es standard. + + The behavior of <STRONG>getch</STRONG> and friends in the presence of han- + dled signals is unspecified in the SVr4 and XSI Curses + documentation. Under historical curses implementations, + it varied depending on whether the operating system's im- + plementation of handled signal receipt interrupts a + <STRONG><A HREF="read.2.html">read(2)</A></STRONG> call in progress or not, and also (in some imple- + mentations) depending on whether an input timeout or non- + blocking mode has been set. + + Programmers concerned about portability should be prepared + for either of two cases: (a) signal receipt does not in- + terrupt <STRONG>getch</STRONG>; (b) signal receipt interrupts <STRONG>getch</STRONG> and + causes it to return ERR with <STRONG>errno</STRONG> set to <STRONG>EINTR</STRONG>. Under + the <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> implementation, handled signals never inter- + rupt <STRONG>getch</STRONG>. + + The <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> function is unique to <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG>. We recommend + that any code using it be conditionalized on the <STRONG>NCURS-</STRONG> + <STRONG>ES_VERSION</STRONG> feature macro. + + +</PRE> +<H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE> + <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>, + <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">curs_move(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>re-</STRONG> + <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">sizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>. + + Comparable functions in the wide-character (ncursesw) li- + brary are described in <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>. + + + + <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG> +</PRE> +<HR> +<ADDRESS> +Man(1) output converted with +<a href="http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/man2html.html">man2html</a> +</ADDRESS> +</BODY> +</HTML> |