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-Id: README-3.8.mrouted,v 3.8 1995/11/29 22:23:02 fenner Rel
-
- IP Multicast Extensions for BSD-Derived Unix Systems
-
- Release 3.8
- November 29, 1995
-
- available from parcftp.xerox.com,
- file pub/net-research/ipmulti/mrouted3.8.tar.Z
- binaries pub/net-research/ipmulti/mrouted3.8-sparc-sunos41x.tar.Z
- pub/net-research/ipmulti/mrouted3.8-sparc-solaris2.tar.Z
- pub/net-research/ipmulti/mrouted3.8-i386-bsd.tar.Z
- pub/net-research/ipmulti/mrouted3.8-alpha-osf1.tar.Z
- pub/net-research/ipmulti/mrouted3.8-sgi-irix.tar.Z
- pub/net-research/ipmulti/mrouted3.8-hp-hpux.tar.Z
-
-Note: The 3.8 release is mrouted-only, and will run on top of a 3.5 kernel.
-It is a drop-in replacement for mrouted 3.5, 3.6 or 3.7 .
-
-The 3.8 release fixes the following bugs:
-
- o mrouted would fail to forget prunes when a neighbor went away,
- thus potentially sending traffic down a tunnel after the tunnel
- endpoint has gone down. This was due to some research code making
- it into the "emergency" 3.7 release, sigh.
-
- o mrouted could send prunes with negative lifetimes. This causes
- slightly higher prune traffic but shouldn't be any major problem.
-
-===========
-Release 3.7
-November 28, 1995
-
-The 3.7 release fixes the following bugs:
-
- o mrouted now ignores route reports that include bogus netmasks.
- There was a bug in 3.5 that would mangle default routes into
- tens of bogus routes; this should prevent that bug from killing
- the MBONE.
-
- This solution can cause route flaps and black holes until the
- 3.5's are gone or all of the 3.5's neighbors are 3.7 .
-
- o mrouted now ignores duplicate routes. Ciscos and the above 3.5
- bug could cause two copies of the same route to appear in a single
- routing update; mrouted would insert two copies of the same route
- into its routing table and wreak all sorts of havoc.
-
- o mrouted now sends a group-specific query for both retransmissions
- of a g-s query; previous versions sent a general query the second
- time.
-
- o mrouted now loops back multicasted mtrace responses and
- group-specific membership queries
-
- o mrouted now performs deterministic tiebreaking between two
- neighbors on the same vif.
-
- o mrouted now only does duplicate suppression on traceroute requests,
- not all traceroute packets, so that a loop can be nicely detected
- via a duplicate router instead of just a timeout.
-
- o the buffer size that mrouted uses has been increased to allow
- more than 16 hops in mtrace messages.
-
- o mtrace's hop-by-hop termination is now more likely to be correct.
-
- o mrinfo now waits for the responses to its retransmitted queries.
-
-The 3.7 release has the following new features:
-
- o The configuration file can accept a hostname as the other end
- of a tunnel. There must be a single name->ip mapping for the
- given name, however, or mrouted will fail to start up.
-
- o mrinfo now sends requests to all interfaces of a multihomed host.
-
- o mtrace's passive mode has been implemented.
-
- o The first screen of mtrace statistics is shorter and more likely
- to fit on one screen.
-
-===========
-Release 3.6
-June 26, 1995
-
-The 3.6 release fixes the following bugs:
-
- o mrouted would dump core when attempting to report no routes (i.e. upon
- startup, if you have no enabled phyint's)
-
- o mrouted would dump core if requested to traceroute a source for which it
- had no route
-
- o neighbor flags were not always properly updated on probe or report
-
- o mrouted would sometimes reply to a multicast traceroute on a disabled
- phyint; now it uses the first configured phyint to reply to traceroutes.
-
- o host routes (i.e. netmask 0xffffffff) works now; it was discarding
- IGMP from the host because it was coming from the "broadcast address"
- of the subnet.
-
- o send_igmp() now treats the failure to send an mtrace or a neighbor
- reply as informational, as opposed to warning.
-
- o mrouted would go into an infinite loop trying to respond to a traceroute
- for a source with a netmask of 0xffffffff.
-
- o vifs_with_neighbors was not being reset if the mrouted was restarted
- with SIGHUP
-
- o the default route was not being properly advertised to neighbors (although
- it was accepted if it was advertised to it)
-
- o ANSI-fication for those who it helps, still-K&R-ish for those it doesn't.
-
- o mtrace now attempts to trace three hops past a non-responding router,
- in the hopes that it does support traceroute but just couldn't respond
- (i.e. unicast didn't work and it can't source multicast because all its
- phyints are disabled).
-
- o mrinfo now times out even on a multicast router.
-
-
-===========
-Release 3.5
-May 8, 1995
-
-The 3.5 release has the following new features:
-
- o The kernel and mrouted make sure that each is the correct version, to
- prevent problems with mismatched kernel/mrouted versions. A too-old
- mrouted will die with the error:
-
- can't enable DVMRP routing in kernel: Option not supported by protocol
-
- o mrouted can accept and propogate a default route (essential for
- heirarchical multicast routing)
-
- o Kernel route cache keeps source-specific routes instead of subnet routes,
- eliminating hashing and longest-match problems.
- (allows classless routing, longest-match and default routing)
-
- o Cached kernel routes only get deleted if no traffic is flowing, to
- facilitate multicast traceroute
-
- o mrouted has a new configuration file parser, which provides better error
- messages than before, and allows named boundaries (see man page)
-
- o added "netmask" to phyint configuration, at the suggestion of
- Anders Klemets
-
- o System V and FreeBSD compatibility from John Brezak <brezak@ch.hp.com>
-
- o phyint's can have additional subnets configured, for people with
- multiple subnets on one physical network. mrouted.conf syntax is
- altnet 1.2.3.0, or altnet 1.2.3.0/24 if you need to specify
- a different netmask. There can be as many altnet statements
- as you need.
-
- o both mrouted and the kernel now support classless addresses.
-
- o the kernel supports PIM assert processing by notifying the router
- when a packet arrives on the wrong interface
-
- o the kernel keeps additional counters, and mrouted can be compiled to
- support SNMP and the Multicast MIB
-
- o the packet classifier in the kernel now uses the following udp port
- ranges:
- [0, 16384) - lowest priority, unclassified
- [16384, 32768) - highest priority, i.e. audio
- [32768, 49152) - medium priority, i.e. whiteboard
- [49152, 65536) - low priority, i.e. video
- A future release of a session directory will allocate ports in these
- ranges.
-
- o the configuration code has been modified to default tunnels' rate_limit
- parameters to 500kbps. This is easily modified with a rate_limit keyword
- in mrouted.conf, but should be a good default for the MBONE in general.
-
- o The tunnel sending code now caches a route for ip_output(), this should
- help performance on machines with lots of tunnels.
-
- o Dispatching for de-capsulating packets is now via protosw[], making
- reception of other raw protocols more efficient
-
- o Neighbor capabilities are discovered via a bitmask as opposed to
- version number.
-
- o Multicast traceroute code improved
-
- o mrouted can be compiled with Routing Support for Resource Reservation
- (RSRR), required for RSVP.
-
-
-The 3.5 release fixes the following bugs:
-
- o The IGMPv2 query timeout field was interpreted as being in units of
- 200ms as opposed to 100ms, thus the maximum timeout was set to twice
- the expected value. This is not fatal, as mrouted always queries
- twice in the expectation that a packet could get loss, but it does
- make it less robust in the face of packet loss.
-
- o IGMP could report membership in local-only groups (i.e. 224.0.0.X)
-
- o IGMP could get confused by hearing its own new membership reports, thus
- a router would never perform fast leave.
-
- o IGMP could reset timers for the wrong interface.
-
- o mrouted put a bogus value in the maximum timeout field of IGMPv2 query
- packets.
-
- o Non-querier mrouters would respond to IGMP leave messages
-
- o mrouted was not performing fast leave properly
-
- o If the last member goes away on a transit network, the upstream router
- would stop forwarding even if there are downstream members.
-
- o Kernel hash function improved
-
- o Eliminated possibility of panic(): timeout in cache maintenance
-
- o Reordered resource allocation when sending upcall to handle failure properly
-
- o some endian-ness bugs squashed in mrouted, probably more to go.
-
- o Multicast traceroute could send a reply on a disabled interface.
-
-
-This release consists of the following files:
-
-
- README-3.8.mrouted - this file
-
- mrouted/* - version 3.8 of mrouted,
- mrinfo, map-mbone and
- mtrace.
-
- ifconfig/* - Changes to ifconfig to
- show multicast interfaces
-
- netstat/* - Diffs to netstat
-
- ping/* - sources for ping
- which support
- multicasting
-
- mtest/* - utility for testing
- multicast group
- membership
-
-
-MROUTED 3.8
-
-Mrouted 3.8 has two optional features: SNMP and RSRR. RSRR support
-is required for running RSVP; the SNMP code, with the help of the
-ISODE snmpd, implements both the Multicast MIB and the DVMRP MIB.
-
-RSRR
-----
-Routing Support for Resource Reservations (RSRR) was contributed by
-Daniel Zappala <daniel@isi.edu>.
-
-To enable RSRR support, uncomment the three lines starting with
-RSRR near the top of the Makefile and "make clean; make". Or use
-the prebuilt binary, mrouted.rsrr .
-
-RSRR allows RSVP to query mrouted for its routing entry for a particular
-source-group pair. Using the routing entry and the IP_MULTICAST_VIF
-socket call, RSVP can forward distinct control messages out each
-outgoing interface. This version of mrouted supports RSRR messages
-using a Unix datagram socket.
-
-RSRR currently includes two pairs of query-reply messages. RSVP sends
-an Initial Query when it starts. Mrouted responds with an Initial Reply
-that includes the set of vifs it is using, flagging those that are
-administratively disabled. When RSVP needs the routing entry for a
-source-group pair, it sends a Route Query. Mrouted responds with a
-Route Reply that includes the incoming vif and outgoing vifs for the
-source-group pair.
-
-RSVP may request route change notification by setting the notification
-bit in the Route Query. If mrouted can provide route change
-notification for the source-group pair, it sets the notification bit in
-its Route Reply. When the routing entry for the source-group pair
-changes, mrouted sends an unsolicited Route Reply containing the new
-routing information. The initial release of mrouted 3.5 did not support
-route change notification and always returned a Route Reply with the
-notification bit cleared. This release of mrouted provides route change
-notification when possible.
-
-SNMP
-----
-SNMP support was contributed by David Thaler <thalerd@eecs.umich.edu>.
-
-To enable SNMP support, uncomment the six lines near the top of
-the Makefile below the description of SNMP support, or use the
-prebuilt binary, mrouted.snmp or mrouted.rsrr.snmp .
-
-To link the SNMP-capable mrouted, you need the CMU libraries.
-See http://nic.merit.edu/~mbone/ for a full mrouted-snmp distribution.
-
-Make sure to add the "sysName", "sysContact", "sysVersion" and
-"sysLocation" variables to your /etc/mrouted.conf if you want them
-to provide anything other than default values.
-
-Example:
-
-sysName "tibia"
-sysContact "Bill Fenner <fenner@parc.xerox.com> +1 415 812-4816"
-sysVersion "SunOS 4.1.3 and mrouted 3.8"
-sysLocation "MAXC room, PARC building 35"
-
-The SNMP version of mrouted has an additional command line flag:
-
- -P snmp_port
-
- Specifies a port for SNMP communication (default 161). This option
- should be used when another SNMP daemon already exists. The
- preferred alternate port in this case is port 9161.
-
-The mstat(8) program allows querying of statistics using SNMP.