# @(#)antarctica 7.14
# From Paul Eggert (1997-03-28):
# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round;
# see
#
# Antarctic Activities of Member Nations of the Antarctic Treaty (1996-05-24)
#
# and
#
# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1996-09-05)
#
# for information.
# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
#
# Except for the French entries,
# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
# FORMAT is `___' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
Rule ArgAQ 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ArgAQ 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
Rule ChileAQ 1969 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
Rule ChileAQ 1970 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
# Argentina - 6 year-round bases
# General Belgrano II
# 5 others
# Australia - territories
# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
#
# year-round bases
# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, since 1969
# Davis, Vestfold Hills, since 1957-01-13 (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
# Mawson, Holme Bay, since 1954-02-13
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - ___ 1969
8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time
Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - ___ 1957 Jan 13
7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
0 - ___ 1969 Feb
7:00 - DAVT
Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - ___ 1954 Feb 13
6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time
# References:
#
# Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
#
#
# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
#
#
# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
#
# Brazil - year-round base
# Ferraz, King George Island, since 1983/4
# Chile - 4 year-round bases
# China - year-round bases
# Great Wall, King George Island, since 1985-02-20
# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, since 1989-02-26
# Finland - year-round base
# Aboa, Queen Maud Land, since 1988
# France - year-round bases
#
# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
# from Tasmania.
#
# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
#
# Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
# Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
# Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
# a whaling and sealing station operated 1908-14, 1920-29, and 1951-56
#
# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited since 1931
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - ___ 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
#
# year-round base in the main continent
# Dumont-d'Urville, Terre Adelie (Adelie Land), -6640+14001, since 1956-11
#
# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - ___ 1947
10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
0 - ___ 1956 Nov
10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
# Reference:
#
# Support and Development of Polar Research and Technology (1997-02-03)
#
# Germany - year-round base
# Georg von Neumayer
# India - year-round base
# Dakshin Gangotri
# Japan - year-round bases
# Dome Fuji
# Syowa
# S Korea - year-round base
# King Sejong, King George Island, since 1988
# New Zealand - claims
# Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
# Scott Island (never inhabited)
#
# year-round base
# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
#
# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
# Norway - territories
# Bouvet (never inhabited)
#
# claims
# Peter I Island (never inhabited)
# Poland - year-round base
# Arctowski, King George Island, since 1977
# Russia - year-round bases
# Bellingshausen, King George Island
# Mirny
# Molodezhnaya
# Novolazarevskaya
# Vostok
# S Africa - year-round bases
# Marion Island
# Sanae
# UK
#
# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
# South Orkney Islands
# scientific station from 1903
# whaling station at Signy I 1920-1926
# South Shetland Islands
# whaling station at Deception I 1912-1931
# scientific station from 1943
#
# year-round bases
# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-2619, since 1956-01-06
# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
# Uruguay - year round base
# Artigas, King George Island
# USA - year-round bases
#
# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
#
# From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - ___ 1965
-4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
-3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
-4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT
#
#
# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1956
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - ___ 1956
12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT
#
# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, since 1957-01-23
# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
#
# From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-06-27):
# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
#
# From Susan Smith
# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
# We use the same time as McMurdo does.
# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
# One last quirk about South Pole time.
# All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
#
Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole