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<H1 class="no-header">curs_getcchar 3x</H1>
<PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">curs_getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">curs_getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>getcchar</STRONG>, <STRONG>setcchar</STRONG> - Get a wide character string and rendition from a
<STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> or set a <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> from a wide-character string
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>getcchar(</STRONG>
<STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>wcval</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>wch</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>attrs</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>color</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>pair</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>opts</EM> <STRONG>);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>setcchar(</STRONG>
<STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>wcval</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>wch</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <EM>attrs</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>short</STRONG> <EM>color</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>pair</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
<STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>opts</EM> <STRONG>);</STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-getcchar">getcchar</a></H3><PRE>
The <STRONG>getcchar</STRONG> function gets a wide-character string and rendition from a
<STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> argument. When <EM>wch</EM> is not a null pointer, the <STRONG>getcchar</STRONG> func-
tion does the following:
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Extracts information from a <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> value <EM>wcval</EM>
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Stores the character attributes in the location pointed to by <EM>attrs</EM>
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Stores the color-pair in the location pointed to by <EM>color</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>pair</EM>
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Stores the wide-character string, characters referenced by <EM>wcval</EM>,
into the array pointed to by <EM>wch</EM>.
When <EM>wch</EM> is a null pointer, the <STRONG>getcchar</STRONG> function does the following:
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Obtains the number of wide characters pointed to by <EM>wcval</EM>
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Does not change the data referenced by <EM>attrs</EM> or <EM>color</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>pair</EM>
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-setcchar">setcchar</a></H3><PRE>
The <STRONG>setcchar</STRONG> function initializes the location pointed to by <EM>wcval</EM> by
using:
<STRONG>o</STRONG> The character attributes in <EM>attrs</EM>
<STRONG>o</STRONG> The color pair in <EM>color</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>pair</EM>
<STRONG>o</STRONG> The wide-character string pointed to by <EM>wch</EM>. The string must be
L'\0' terminated, contain at most one spacing character, which must
be the first.
Up to <STRONG>CCHARW_MAX</STRONG>-1 nonspacing characters may follow. Additional
nonspacing characters are ignored.
The string may contain a single control character instead. In that
case, no nonspacing characters are allowed.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></H2><PRE>
X/Open Curses documents the <EM>opts</EM> argument as reserved for future use,
saying that it must be null. This implementation uses that parameter
in ABI 6 for the functions which have a color-pair parameter to support
extended color pairs:
<STRONG>o</STRONG> For functions which modify the color, e.g., <STRONG>setcchar</STRONG>, if <EM>opts</EM> is
set it is treated as a pointer to <STRONG>int</STRONG>, and used to set the color
pair instead of the <STRONG>short</STRONG> pair parameter.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> For functions which retrieve the color, e.g., <STRONG>getcchar</STRONG>, if <EM>opts</EM> is
set it is treated as a pointer to <STRONG>int</STRONG>, and used to retrieve the
color pair as an <STRONG>int</STRONG> value, in addition retrieving it via the stan-
dard pointer to <STRONG>short</STRONG> parameter.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
The <EM>wcval</EM> argument may be a value generated by a call to <STRONG>setcchar</STRONG> or by
a function that has a <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> output argument. If <EM>wcval</EM> is constructed
by any other means, the effect is unspecified.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
When <EM>wch</EM> is a null pointer, <STRONG>getcchar</STRONG> returns the number of wide charac-
ters referenced by <EM>wcval</EM>, including one for a trailing null.
When <EM>wch</EM> is not a null pointer, <STRONG>getcchar</STRONG> returns <STRONG>OK</STRONG> upon successful
completion, and <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> otherwise.
Upon successful completion, <STRONG>setcchar</STRONG> returns <STRONG>OK</STRONG>. Otherwise, it returns
<STRONG>ERR</STRONG>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
The <STRONG>CCHARW_MAX</STRONG> symbol is specific to ncurses. X/Open Curses does not
provide details for the layout of the <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> structure. It tells what
data are stored in it:
<STRONG>o</STRONG> a spacing character (<STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG>, i.e., 32-bits).
<STRONG>o</STRONG> non-spacing characters (again, <STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG>'s).
<STRONG>o</STRONG> attributes (at least 16 bits, inferred from the various ACS- and
WACS-flags).
<STRONG>o</STRONG> color pair (at least 16 bits, inferred from the <STRONG>unsigned</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG>
type).
The non-spacing characters are optional, in the sense that zero or more
may be stored in a <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG>. XOpen/Curses specifies a limit:
Implementations may limit the number of non-spacing characters that
can be associated with a spacing character, provided any limit is
at least 5.
The Unix implementations at the time follow that limit:
<STRONG>o</STRONG> AIX 4 and OSF1 4 use the same declaration with an array of 5 non-
spacing characters <EM>z</EM> and a single spacing character <EM>c</EM>.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> HP-UX 10 uses an opaque structure with 28 bytes, which is large
enough for the 6 <STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG> values.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Solaris xpg4 curses uses a single array of 6 <STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG> values.
This implementation's <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> was defined in 1995 using <STRONG>5</STRONG> for the total
of spacing and non-spacing characters (<STRONG>CCHARW_MAX</STRONG>). That was probably
due to a misreading of the AIX 4 header files, because the X/Open
Curses document was not generally available at that time. Later (in
2002), this detail was overlooked when beginning to implement the func-
tions using the structure.
In practice, even four non-spacing characters may seem enough. X/Open
Curses documents possible uses for non-spacing characters, including
using them for ligatures between characters (a feature apparently not
supported by any curses implementation). Unicode does not limit the
(analogous) number of combining characters, so some applications may be
affected.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
Functions: <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>wcwidth(3)</STRONG>.
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">curs_getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#h3-getcchar">getcchar</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-setcchar">setcchar</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
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