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.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Christoph Herrmann, Thomas-Henning von Kamptz
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
.\" Christoph Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz, Munich and Frankfurt.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgment:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors, as well as Christoph
.\" Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" $TSHeader: src/sbin/growfs/growfs.8,v 1.3 2000/12/12 19:31:00 tomsoft Exp $
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd November 20, 2014
.Dt GROWFS 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm growfs
.Nd expand an existing UFS file system
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Op Fl Ny
.Op Fl s Ar size
.Ar special | filesystem
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
utility makes it possible to expand an UFS file system.
Before running
.Nm
the partition or slice containing the file system must be extended using
.Xr gpart 8 .
If you are using volumes you must enlarge them by using
.Xr gvinum 8 .
The
.Nm
utility extends the size of the file system on the specified special file.
The following options are available:
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl N
.Dq Test mode .
Causes the new file system parameters to be printed out without actually
enlarging the file system.
.It Fl y
.Dq Expert mode .
Usually
.Nm
will ask you if you took a backup of your data before and will do some tests
whether
.Ar special
is currently mounted or whether there are any active snapshots on the file
system specified.
This will be suppressed.
So use this option with great care!
.It Fl s Ar size
Determines the
.Ar size
of the file system after enlarging in sectors.
.Ar Size
is the number of 512 byte sectors unless suffixed with a
.Cm b , k , m , g ,
or
.Cm t
which
denotes byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte and terabyte respectively.
This value defaults to the size of the raw partition specified in
.Ar special
(in other words,
.Nm
will enlarge the file system to the size of the entire partition).
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
Expand root file system to fill up available space:
.Dl growfs /
.Pp
Resize
.Pa /dev/ada0p1
partition to 2GB and expand the file system:
.Dl gpart resize -i 1 -s 2G ada0
.Dl growfs -s 2G /dev/ada0p1
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr dumpfs 8 ,
.Xr ffsinfo 8 ,
.Xr fsck 8 ,
.Xr fsdb 8 ,
.Xr gpart 8 ,
.Xr newfs 8 ,
.Xr tunefs 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
utility first appeared in
.Fx 4.4 .
The ability to resize mounted file systems was added in
.Fx 10.0 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An Christoph Herrmann Aq Mt chm@FreeBSD.org
.An Thomas-Henning von Kamptz Aq Mt tomsoft@FreeBSD.org
.An The GROWFS team Aq Mt growfs@Tomsoft.COM
.An Edward Tomasz Napierala Aq Mt trasz@FreeBSD.org
.Sh CAVEATS
When expanding a file system mounted read-write, any writes to that file system
will be temporarily suspended until the expansion is finished.
.Sh BUGS
Normally
.Nm
writes cylinder group summary to disk and reads it again later for doing more
updates.
This read operation will provide unexpected data when using
.Fl N .
Therefore, this part cannot really be simulated and will be skipped in test
mode.
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