path: root/sys/sys/buf.h

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	@(#)buf.h	8.9 (Berkeley) 3/30/95
 * $FreeBSD$
 */

#ifndef _SYS_BUF_H_
#define	_SYS_BUF_H_

#include <sys/bufobj.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/lockmgr.h>

struct bio;
struct buf;
struct bufobj;
struct mount;
struct vnode;
struct uio;

/*
 * To avoid including <ufs/ffs/softdep.h> 
 */   
LIST_HEAD(workhead, worklist);
/*
 * These are currently used only by the soft dependency code, hence
 * are stored once in a global variable. If other subsystems wanted
 * to use these hooks, a pointer to a set of bio_ops could be added
 * to each buffer.
 */
extern struct bio_ops {
	void	(*io_start)(struct buf *);
	void	(*io_complete)(struct buf *);
	void	(*io_deallocate)(struct buf *);
	int	(*io_countdeps)(struct buf *, int);
} bioops;

struct vm_object;

typedef unsigned char b_xflags_t;

/*
 * The buffer header describes an I/O operation in the kernel.
 *
 * NOTES:
 *	b_bufsize, b_bcount.  b_bufsize is the allocation size of the
 *	buffer, either DEV_BSIZE or PAGE_SIZE aligned.  b_bcount is the
 *	originally requested buffer size and can serve as a bounds check
 *	against EOF.  For most, but not all uses, b_bcount == b_bufsize.
 *
 *	b_dirtyoff, b_dirtyend.  Buffers support piecemeal, unaligned
 *	ranges of dirty data that need to be written to backing store.
 *	The range is typically clipped at b_bcount ( not b_bufsize ).
 *
 *	b_resid.  Number of bytes remaining in I/O.  After an I/O operation
 *	completes, b_resid is usually 0 indicating 100% success.
 *
 *	All fields are protected by the buffer lock except those marked:
 *		V - Protected by owning vnode lock
 *		Q - Protected by the buf queue lock
 *		D - Protected by an dependency implementation specific lock
 */
struct buf {
	struct bufobj	*b_bufobj;
	long		b_bcount;
	void		*b_caller1;
	caddr_t		b_data;
	int		b_error;
	uint8_t		b_iocmd;
	uint8_t		b_ioflags;
	off_t		b_iooffset;
	long		b_resid;
	void	(*b_iodone)(struct buf *);
	daddr_t b_blkno;		/* Underlying physical block number. */
	off_t	b_offset;		/* Offset into file. */
	TAILQ_ENTRY(buf) b_bobufs;	/* (V) Buffer's associated vnode. */
	struct buf	*b_left;	/* (V) splay tree link */
	struct buf	*b_right;	/* (V) splay tree link */
	uint32_t	b_vflags;	/* (V) BV_* flags */
	TAILQ_ENTRY(buf) b_freelist;	/* (Q) Free list position inactive. */
	unsigned short b_qindex;	/* (Q) buffer queue index */
	uint32_t	b_flags;	/* B_* flags. */
	b_xflags_t b_xflags;		/* extra flags */
	struct lock b_lock;		/* Buffer lock */
	long	b_bufsize;		/* Allocated buffer size. */
	long	b_runningbufspace;	/* when I/O is running, pipelining */
	caddr_t	b_kvabase;		/* base kva for buffer */
	int	b_kvasize;		/* size of kva for buffer */
	daddr_t b_lblkno;		/* Logical block number. */
	struct	vnode *b_vp;		/* Device vnode. */
	int	b_dirtyoff;		/* Offset in buffer of dirty region. */
	int	b_dirtyend;		/* Offset of end of dirty region. */
	struct	ucred *b_rcred;		/* Read credentials reference. */
	struct	ucred *b_wcred;		/* Write credentials reference. */
	void	*b_saveaddr;		/* Original b_addr for physio. */
	union	pager_info {
		int	pg_reqpage;
	} b_pager;
	union	cluster_info {
		TAILQ_HEAD(cluster_list_head, buf) cluster_head;
		TAILQ_ENTRY(buf) cluster_entry;
	} b_cluster;
	struct	vm_page *b_pages[btoc(MAXPHYS)];
	int		b_npages;
	struct	workhead b_dep;		/* (D) List of filesystem dependencies. */
	void	*b_fsprivate1;
	void	*b_fsprivate2;
	void	*b_fsprivate3;
	int	b_pin_count;
};

#define b_object	b_bufobj->bo_object

/*
 * These flags are kept in b_flags.
 *
 * Notes:
 *
 *	B_ASYNC		VOP calls on bp's are usually async whether or not
 *			B_ASYNC is set, but some subsystems, such as NFS, like 
 *			to know what is best for the caller so they can
 *			optimize the I/O.
 *
 *	B_PAGING	Indicates that bp is being used by the paging system or
 *			some paging system and that the bp is not linked into
 *			the b_vp's clean/dirty linked lists or ref counts.
 *			Buffer vp reassignments are illegal in this case.
 *
 *	B_CACHE		This may only be set if the buffer is entirely valid.
 *			The situation where B_DELWRI is set and B_CACHE is
 *			clear MUST be committed to disk by getblk() so 
 *			B_DELWRI can also be cleared.  See the comments for
 *			getblk() in kern/vfs_bio.c.  If B_CACHE is clear,
 *			the caller is expected to clear BIO_ERROR and B_INVAL,
 *			set BIO_READ, and initiate an I/O.
 *
 *			The 'entire buffer' is defined to be the range from
 *			0 through b_bcount.
 *
 *	B_MALLOC	Request that the buffer be allocated from the malloc
 *			pool, DEV_BSIZE aligned instead of PAGE_SIZE aligned.
 *
 *	B_CLUSTEROK	This flag is typically set for B_DELWRI buffers
 *			by filesystems that allow clustering when the buffer
 *			is fully dirty and indicates that it may be clustered
 *			with other adjacent dirty buffers.  Note the clustering
 *			may not be used with the stage 1 data write under NFS
 *			but may be used for the commit rpc portion.
 *
 *	B_VMIO		Indicates that the buffer is tied into an VM object.
 *			The buffer's data is always PAGE_SIZE aligned even
 *			if b_bufsize and b_bcount are not.  ( b_bufsize is 
 *			always at least DEV_BSIZE aligned, though ).
 *
 *	B_DIRECT	Hint that we should attempt to completely free
 *			the pages underlying the buffer.  B_DIRECT is
 *			sticky until the buffer is released and typically
 *			only has an effect when B_RELBUF is also set.
 *
 */

#define	B_AGE		0x00000001	/* Move to age queue when I/O done. */
#define	B_NEEDCOMMIT	0x00000002	/* Append-write in progress. */
#define	B_ASYNC		0x00000004	/* Start I/O, do not wait. */
#define	B_DIRECT	0x00000008	/* direct I/O flag (pls free vmio) */
#define	B_DEFERRED	0x00000010	/* Skipped over for cleaning */
#define	B_CACHE		0x00000020	/* Bread found us in the cache. */
#define	B_VALIDSUSPWRT	0x00000040	/* Valid write during suspension. */
#define	B_DELWRI	0x00000080	/* Delay I/O until buffer reused. */
#define	B_PERSISTENT	0x00000100	/* Perm. ref'ed while EXT2FS mounted. */
#define	B_DONE		0x00000200	/* I/O completed. */
#define	B_EINTR		0x00000400	/* I/O was interrupted */
#define	B_00000800	0x00000800	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_00001000	0x00001000	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_INVAL		0x00002000	/* Does not contain valid info. */
#define	B_00004000	0x00004000	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_NOCACHE	0x00008000	/* Do not cache block after use. */
#define	B_MALLOC	0x00010000	/* malloced b_data */
#define	B_CLUSTEROK	0x00020000	/* Pagein op, so swap() can count it. */
#define	B_000400000	0x00040000	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_000800000	0x00080000	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_00100000	0x00100000	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_DIRTY		0x00200000	/* Needs writing later (in EXT2FS). */
#define	B_RELBUF	0x00400000	/* Release VMIO buffer. */
#define	B_00800000	0x00800000	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_01000000	0x01000000	/* Available flag. */
#define	B_NEEDSGIANT	0x02000000	/* Buffer's vnode needs giant. */
#define	B_PAGING	0x04000000	/* volatile paging I/O -- bypass VMIO */
#define B_MANAGED	0x08000000	/* Managed by FS. */
#define B_RAM		0x10000000	/* Read ahead mark (flag) */
#define B_VMIO		0x20000000	/* VMIO flag */
#define B_CLUSTER	0x40000000	/* pagein op, so swap() can count it */
#define B_REMFREE	0x80000000	/* Delayed bremfree */

#define PRINT_BUF_FLAGS "\20\40remfree\37cluster\36vmio\35ram\34b27" \
	"\33paging\32b25\31b24\30b23\27relbuf\26dirty\25b20" \
	"\24b19\23b18\22clusterok\21malloc\20nocache\17b14\16inval" \
	"\15b12\14b11\13eintr\12done\11persist\10delwri\7validsuspwrt" \
	"\6cache\5deferred\4direct\3async\2needcommit\1age"

/*
 * These flags are kept in b_xflags.
 */
#define	BX_VNDIRTY	0x00000001	/* On vnode dirty list */
#define	BX_VNCLEAN	0x00000002	/* On vnode clean list */
#define	BX_BKGRDWRITE	0x00000010	/* Do writes in background */
#define BX_BKGRDMARKER	0x00000020	/* Mark buffer for splay tree */
#define	BX_ALTDATA	0x00000040	/* Holds extended data */

#define	NOOFFSET	(-1LL)		/* No buffer offset calculated yet */

/*
 * These flags are kept in b_vflags.
 */
#define	BV_SCANNED	0x00000001	/* VOP_FSYNC funcs mark written bufs */
#define	BV_BKGRDINPROG	0x00000002	/* Background write in progress */
#define	BV_BKGRDWAIT	0x00000004	/* Background write waiting */

#ifdef _KERNEL
/*
 * Buffer locking
 */
extern const char *buf_wmesg;		/* Default buffer lock message */
#define BUF_WMESG "bufwait"
#include <sys/proc.h>			/* XXX for curthread */
#include <sys/mutex.h>

/*
 * Initialize a lock.
 */
#define BUF_LOCKINIT(bp) \
	lockinit(&(bp)->b_lock, PRIBIO + 4, buf_wmesg, 0, 0)
/*
 *
 * Get a lock sleeping non-interruptably until it becomes available.
 */
static __inline int BUF_LOCK(struct buf *, int, struct mtx *);
static __inline int
BUF_LOCK(struct buf *bp, int locktype, struct mtx *interlock)
{
	int s, ret;

	s = splbio();
	mtx_lock(bp->b_lock.lk_interlock);
	locktype |= LK_INTERNAL;
	bp->b_lock.lk_wmesg = buf_wmesg;
	bp->b_lock.lk_prio = PRIBIO + 4;
	ret = lockmgr(&(bp)->b_lock, locktype, interlock, curthread);
	splx(s);
	return ret;
}
/*
 * Get a lock sleeping with specified interruptably and timeout.
 */
static __inline int BUF_TIMELOCK(struct buf *, int, struct mtx *,
    char *, int, int);
static __inline int
BUF_TIMELOCK(struct buf *bp, int locktype, struct mtx *interlock,
    char *wmesg, int catch, int timo)
{
	int s, ret;

	s = splbio();
	mtx_lock(bp->b_lock.lk_interlock);
	locktype |= LK_INTERNAL | LK_TIMELOCK;
	bp->b_lock.lk_wmesg = wmesg;
	bp->b_lock.lk_prio = (PRIBIO + 4) | catch;
	bp->b_lock.lk_timo = timo;
	ret = lockmgr(&(bp)->b_lock, (locktype), interlock, curthread);
	splx(s);
	return ret;
}
/*
 * Release a lock. Only the acquiring process may free the lock unless
 * it has been handed off to biodone.
 */
static __inline void BUF_UNLOCK(struct buf *);
static __inline void
BUF_UNLOCK(struct buf *bp)
{
	int s;

	s = splbio();
	KASSERT((bp->b_flags & B_REMFREE) == 0,
	    ("BUF_UNLOCK %p while B_REMFREE is still set.", bp));
	lockmgr(&(bp)->b_lock, LK_RELEASE, NULL, curthread);
	splx(s);
}

/*
 * Free a buffer lock.
 */
#define BUF_LOCKFREE(bp) 			\
do {						\
	if (BUF_REFCNT(bp) > 0)			\
		panic("free locked buf");	\
	lockdestroy(&(bp)->b_lock);		\
} while (0)

#ifdef _SYS_PROC_H_	/* Avoid #include <sys/proc.h> pollution */
/*
 * When initiating asynchronous I/O, change ownership of the lock to the
 * kernel. Once done, the lock may legally released by biodone. The
 * original owning process can no longer acquire it recursively, but must
 * wait until the I/O is completed and the lock has been freed by biodone.
 */
static __inline void BUF_KERNPROC(struct buf *);
static __inline void
BUF_KERNPROC(struct buf *bp)
{
	struct thread *td = curthread;

	if ((td != PCPU_GET(idlethread))
	&& bp->b_lock.lk_lockholder == td)
		td->td_locks--;
	bp->b_lock.lk_lockholder = LK_KERNPROC;
}
#endif
/*
 * Find out the number of references to a lock.
 */
static __inline int BUF_REFCNT(struct buf *);
static __inline int
BUF_REFCNT(struct buf *bp)
{
	int s, ret;

	/*
	 * When the system is panicing, the lock manager grants all lock
	 * requests whether or not the lock is available. To avoid "unlocked
	 * buffer" panics after a crash, we just claim that all buffers
	 * are locked when cleaning up after a system panic.
	 */
	if (panicstr != NULL)
		return (1);
	s = splbio();
	ret = lockcount(&(bp)->b_lock);
	splx(s);
	return ret;
}


/*
 * Find out the number of waiters on a lock.
 */
static __inline int BUF_LOCKWAITERS(struct buf *);
static __inline int
BUF_LOCKWAITERS(struct buf *bp)
{
	return (lockwaiters(&bp->b_lock));
}

#endif /* _KERNEL */

struct buf_queue_head {
	TAILQ_HEAD(buf_queue, buf) queue;
	daddr_t last_pblkno;
	struct	buf *insert_point;
	struct	buf *switch_point;
};

/*
 * This structure describes a clustered I/O.  It is stored in the b_saveaddr
 * field of the buffer on which I/O is done.  At I/O completion, cluster
 * callback uses the structure to parcel I/O's to individual buffers, and
 * then free's this structure.
 */
struct cluster_save {
	long	bs_bcount;		/* Saved b_bcount. */
	long	bs_bufsize;		/* Saved b_bufsize. */
	void	*bs_saveaddr;		/* Saved b_addr. */
	int	bs_nchildren;		/* Number of associated buffers. */
	struct buf **bs_children;	/* List of associated buffers. */
};

#ifdef _KERNEL

static __inline int
bwrite(struct buf *bp)
{

	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj != NULL, ("bwrite: no bufobj bp=%p", bp));
	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj->bo_ops != NULL, ("bwrite: no bo_ops bp=%p", bp));
	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj->bo_ops->bop_write != NULL,
	    ("bwrite: no bop_write bp=%p", bp));
	return (BO_WRITE(bp->b_bufobj, bp));
}

static __inline void
bstrategy(struct buf *bp)
{

	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj != NULL, ("bstrategy: no bufobj bp=%p", bp));
	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj->bo_ops != NULL,
	    ("bstrategy: no bo_ops bp=%p", bp));
	KASSERT(bp->b_bufobj->bo_ops->bop_strategy != NULL,
	    ("bstrategy: no bop_strategy bp=%p", bp));
	BO_STRATEGY(bp->b_bufobj, bp);
}

static __inline void
buf_start(struct buf *bp)
{
	if (bioops.io_start)
		(*bioops.io_start)(bp);
}

static __inline void
buf_complete(struct buf *bp)
{
	if (bioops.io_complete)
		(*bioops.io_complete)(bp);
}

static __inline void
buf_deallocate(struct buf *bp)
{
	if (bioops.io_deallocate)
		(*bioops.io_deallocate)(bp);
	BUF_LOCKFREE(bp);
}

static __inline int
buf_countdeps(struct buf *bp, int i)
{
	if (bioops.io_countdeps)
		return ((*bioops.io_countdeps)(bp, i));
	else
		return (0);
}

#endif /* _KERNEL */

/*
 * Zero out the buffer's data area.
 */
#define	clrbuf(bp) {							\
	bzero((bp)->b_data, (u_int)(bp)->b_bcount);			\
	(bp)->b_resid = 0;						\
}

/*
 * Flags for getblk's last parameter.
 */
#define	GB_LOCK_NOWAIT	0x0001		/* Fail if we block on a buf lock. */
#define	GB_NOCREAT	0x0002		/* Don't create a buf if not found. */

#ifdef _KERNEL
extern int	nbuf;			/* The number of buffer headers */
extern int	maxswzone;		/* Max KVA for swap structures */
extern int	maxbcache;		/* Max KVA for buffer cache */
extern int	runningbufspace;
extern int	hibufspace;
extern int      buf_maxio;              /* nominal maximum I/O for buffer */
extern struct	buf *buf;		/* The buffer headers. */
extern char	*buffers;		/* The buffer contents. */
extern int	bufpages;		/* Number of memory pages in the buffer pool. */
extern struct	buf *swbuf;		/* Swap I/O buffer headers. */
extern int	nswbuf;			/* Number of swap I/O buffer headers. */
extern int	cluster_pbuf_freecnt;	/* Number of pbufs for clusters */
extern int	vnode_pbuf_freecnt;	/* Number of pbufs for vnode pager */

void	runningbufwakeup(struct buf *);
void	waitrunningbufspace(void);
caddr_t	kern_vfs_bio_buffer_alloc(caddr_t v, long physmem_est);
void	bufinit(void);
void	bwillwrite(void);
int	buf_dirty_count_severe(void);
void	bremfree(struct buf *);
void	bremfreef(struct buf *);	/* XXX Force bremfree, only for nfs. */
int	bread(struct vnode *, daddr_t, int, struct ucred *, struct buf **);
void	breada(struct vnode *, daddr_t *, int *, int, struct ucred *);
int	breadn(struct vnode *, daddr_t, int, daddr_t *, int *, int,
	    struct ucred *, struct buf **);
void	bdwrite(struct buf *);
void	bawrite(struct buf *);
void	bdirty(struct buf *);
void	bundirty(struct buf *);
void	bufstrategy(struct bufobj *, struct buf *);
void	brelse(struct buf *);
void	bqrelse(struct buf *);
int	vfs_bio_awrite(struct buf *);
struct buf *     getpbuf(int *);
struct buf *incore(struct bufobj *, daddr_t);
struct buf *gbincore(struct bufobj *, daddr_t);
struct buf *getblk(struct vnode *, daddr_t, int, int, int, int);
struct buf *geteblk(int);
int	bufwait(struct buf *);
int	bufwrite(struct buf *);
void	bufdone(struct buf *);
void	bufdone_finish(struct buf *);

int	cluster_read(struct vnode *, u_quad_t, daddr_t, long,
	    struct ucred *, long, int, struct buf **);
int	cluster_wbuild(struct vnode *, long, daddr_t, int);
void	cluster_write(struct vnode *, struct buf *, u_quad_t, int);
void	vfs_bio_set_validclean(struct buf *, int base, int size);
void	vfs_bio_clrbuf(struct buf *);
void	vfs_busy_pages(struct buf *, int clear_modify);
void	vfs_unbusy_pages(struct buf *);
int	vmapbuf(struct buf *);
void	vunmapbuf(struct buf *);
void	relpbuf(struct buf *, int *);
void	brelvp(struct buf *);
void	bgetvp(struct vnode *, struct buf *);
void	pbgetbo(struct bufobj *bo, struct buf *bp);
void	pbgetvp(struct vnode *, struct buf *);
void	pbrelbo(struct buf *);
void	pbrelvp(struct buf *);
int	allocbuf(struct buf *bp, int size);
void	reassignbuf(struct buf *);
struct	buf *trypbuf(int *);
void	bwait(struct buf *, u_char, const char *);
void	bdone(struct buf *);
void	bpin(struct buf *);
void	bunpin(struct buf *);
void 	bunpin_wait(struct buf *);

#endif /* _KERNEL */

#endif /* !_SYS_BUF_H_ */