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"""Utility for opening a file using the default application in a cross-platform
manner. Modified from http://code.activestate.com/recipes/511443/.
"""
__version__ = '1.1x'
__all__ = ['open']
import os
import sys
import webbrowser
import subprocess
_controllers = {}
_open = None
class BaseController(object):
'''Base class for open program controllers.'''
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def open(self, filename):
raise NotImplementedError
class Controller(BaseController):
'''Controller for a generic open program.'''
def __init__(self, *args):
super(Controller, self).__init__(os.path.basename(args[0]))
self.args = list(args)
def _invoke(self, cmdline):
if sys.platform[:3] == 'win':
closefds = False
startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
startupinfo.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
else:
closefds = True
startupinfo = None
if (os.environ.get('DISPLAY') or sys.platform[:3] == 'win' or
sys.platform == 'darwin'):
inout = file(os.devnull, 'r+')
else:
# for TTY programs, we need stdin/out
inout = None
# if possible, put the child precess in separate process group,
# so keyboard interrupts don't affect child precess as well as
# Python
setsid = getattr(os, 'setsid', None)
if not setsid:
setsid = getattr(os, 'setpgrp', None)
pipe = subprocess.Popen(cmdline, stdin=inout, stdout=inout,
stderr=inout, close_fds=closefds,
preexec_fn=setsid, startupinfo=startupinfo)
# It is assumed that this kind of tools (gnome-open, kfmclient,
# exo-open, xdg-open and open for OSX) immediately exit after lauching
# the specific application
returncode = pipe.wait()
if hasattr(self, 'fixreturncode'):
returncode = self.fixreturncode(returncode)
return not returncode
def open(self, filename):
if isinstance(filename, basestring):
cmdline = self.args + [filename]
else:
# assume it is a sequence
cmdline = self.args + filename
try:
return self._invoke(cmdline)
except OSError:
return False
# Platform support for Windows
if sys.platform[:3] == 'win':
class Start(BaseController):
'''Controller for the win32 start progam through os.startfile.'''
def open(self, filename):
try:
os.startfile(filename)
except WindowsError:
# [Error 22] No application is associated with the specified
# file for this operation: '<URL>'
return False
else:
return True
_controllers['windows-default'] = Start('start')
_open = _controllers['windows-default'].open
# Platform support for MacOS
elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
_controllers['open']= Controller('open')
_open = _controllers['open'].open
# Platform support for Unix
else:
import commands
# @WARNING: use the private API of the webbrowser module
from webbrowser import _iscommand
class KfmClient(Controller):
'''Controller for the KDE kfmclient program.'''
def __init__(self, kfmclient='kfmclient'):
super(KfmClient, self).__init__(kfmclient, 'exec')
self.kde_version = self.detect_kde_version()
def detect_kde_version(self):
kde_version = None
try:
info = commands.getoutput('kde-config --version')
for line in info.splitlines():
if line.startswith('KDE'):
kde_version = line.split(':')[-1].strip()
break
except (OSError, RuntimeError):
pass
return kde_version
def fixreturncode(self, returncode):
if returncode is not None and self.kde_version > '3.5.4':
return returncode
else:
return os.EX_OK
def detect_desktop_environment():
'''Checks for known desktop environments
Return the desktop environments name, lowercase (kde, gnome, xfce)
or "generic"
'''
desktop_environment = 'generic'
if os.environ.get('KDE_FULL_SESSION') == 'true':
desktop_environment = 'kde'
elif os.environ.get('GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID'):
desktop_environment = 'gnome'
else:
try:
info = commands.getoutput('xprop -root _DT_SAVE_MODE')
if ' = "xfce4"' in info:
desktop_environment = 'xfce'
except (OSError, RuntimeError):
pass
return desktop_environment
def register_X_controllers():
if _iscommand('kfmclient'):
_controllers['kde-open'] = KfmClient()
for command in ('gnome-open', 'exo-open', 'xdg-open'):
if _iscommand(command):
_controllers[command] = Controller(command)
def get():
controllers_map = {
'gnome': 'gnome-open',
'kde': 'kde-open',
'xfce': 'exo-open',
}
desktop_environment = detect_desktop_environment()
try:
controller_name = controllers_map[desktop_environment]
return _controllers[controller_name].open
except KeyError:
if _controllers.has_key('xdg-open'):
return _controllers['xdg-open'].open
else:
return webbrowser.open
if os.environ.get("DISPLAY"):
register_X_controllers()
_open = get()
def open(filename):
'''Open a file or an URL in the registered default application.'''
return _open(filename)
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