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<title>éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ FreeBSD/pc98 5.4-RELEASE</title>
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<h1 class="TITLE"><a id="AEN2" name="AEN2">éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ FreeBSD/pc98
5.4-RELEASE</a></h1>
<h3 class="CORPAUTHOR">ðÒÏÅËÔ FreeBSD</h3>
<p class="COPYRIGHT">Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 ðÒÏÅËÔ
ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ FreeBSD</p>
<p class="PUBDATE">$FreeBSD: src/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/relnotes/common/new.sgml,v
1.6.2.10.2.5 2005/05/06 18:57:44 hrs Exp $<br />
</p>
<div class="LEGALNOTICE"><a id="TRADEMARKS" name="TRADEMARKS"></a>
<p>FreeBSD ÜÔÏ ÚÁÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÁÑ ÍÁÒËÁ FreeBSD Foundation.</p>
<p>IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390 É ThinkPad ÜÔÏ ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÙÅ
ÍÁÒËÉ International Business Machines Corporation × óÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÎÙÈ ûÔÁÔÁÈ, ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÁÈ,
ÉÌÉ ÐÏ ×ÓÅÍÕ ÍÉÒÕ.</p>
<p>IEEE, POSIX É 802 ÜÔÏ ÚÁÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÙÅ ÍÁÒËÉ Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers, Inc. × óÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÎÙÈ ûÔÁÔÁÈ.</p>
<p>Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium É Xeon ÜÔÏ ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÙÅ ÍÁÒËÉ
ÉÌÉ ÚÁÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÙÅ ÍÁÒËÉ Intel Corporation ÉÌÉ ÅÅ ÄÏÞÅÒÎÉÈ ËÏÍÐÁÎÉÊ ×
óÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÎÙÈ ûÔÁÔÁÈ É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÁÈ.</p>
<p>Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, É UltraSPARC ÜÔÏ ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÙÅ ÍÁÒËÉ SPARC International, Inc
× óÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÎÙÈ ûÔÁÔÁÈ É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÁÈ. ðÒÏÄÕËÔÙ Ó ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÏÊ ÍÁÒËÏÊ SPARC ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÙ ÎÁ
ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÅ, ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÎÎÏÊ Sun Microsystems, Inc.</p>
<p>íÎÏÇÉÅ ÉÚ ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌÑÍÉ É ÐÒÏÄÁ×ÃÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ Ó×ÏÉÈ
ÐÒÏÄÕËÔÏ×, ÚÁÑ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÙÈ ÍÁÒÏË. ëÏÇÄÁ ÔÁËÉÅ ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ×
ÜÔÏÍ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÅ, É ðÒÏÅËÔÕ FreeBSD ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏ Ï ÔÏÒÇÏ×ÏÊ ÍÁÒËÅ, Ë ÏÂÏÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÀ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
ÚÎÁË ``™'' ÉÌÉ ``®''.</p>
</div>
<div>
<div class="ABSTRACT"><a id="AEN23" name="AEN23"></a>
<p>úÁÍÅÔËÉ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÄÌÑ FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÏÂÝÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍ,
×ÎÅÓÅÎÎÙÍ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ FreeBSD Ó ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ 5.3-RELEASE. üÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË
ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ, ×ÎÅÓÅÎÎÙÈ × ÑÄÒÏ É ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ FreeBSD. ðÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ
ËÒÁÔËÉÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="TOC">
<dl>
<dt><b>óÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÅ</b></dt>
<dt>1. <a href="#INTRO">÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2. <a href="#NEW">þÔÏ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.1. <a href="#SECURITY">óÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2. <a href="#KERNEL">éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÑÄÒÅ</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.2.1. <a href="#BOOT">éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.2. <a href="#PROC">ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.3. <a href="#NET-PROTO">óÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÙ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.4. <a href="#DISKS">äÉÓËÉ É ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.5. <a href="#FS">æÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.6. <a href="#AEN293">óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>2.3. <a href="#USERLAND">éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.3.1. <a href="#RC-SCRIPTS">óËÒÉÐÔÙ <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/rc.d</tt></a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>2.4. <a href="#CONTRIB">óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2.5. <a href="#PORTS">éÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ×</a></dt>
<dt>2.6. <a href="#RELENG">ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× É ÉÎÔÅÇÒÁÃÉÑ</a></dt>
<dt>2.7. <a href="#DOC">äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ</a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>3. <a href="#UPGRADE">ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× FreeBSD</a></dt>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="INTRO" name="INTRO">1. ÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</a></h2>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE ÄÌÑ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÊ
ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ NEC PC-98x1. ÷ ÎÅÍ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÎÅÄÁ×ÎÏ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ, ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÅ, ÉÌÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÅ
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ FreeBSD. ïÎ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÊ
×ÅÒÓÉÉ FreeBSD.</p>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ release. åÇÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/" target="_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a> ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÌÀÂÏÍ ÉÚ
ÚÅÒËÁÌ. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÜÔÏÇÏ (ÉÌÉ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ) release ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á
FreeBSD ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/mirrors.html"
target="_top">ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÉ ``ðÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÅ FreeBSD''</a> <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/" target="_top">òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á
FreeBSD</a>.</p>
<p>÷ÓÅÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÚÎÁËÏÍÉÔØÓÑ Ó ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÍÉ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ ÐÅÒÅÄ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ FreeBSD. ÷ ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ×ÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ ÓÁÍÁÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÑÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ, ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÁÑ ×
ÐÏÚÖÅ × ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. ïÂÙÞÎÏ × ÎÅÍ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï
ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ, ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÈ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ É ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ. áËÔÕÁÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ
ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ ÄÌÑ FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ ×Å ÓÁÊÔÅ FreeBSD.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="NEW" name="NEW">2. þÔÏ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ</a></h2>
<p>÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ×ÉÄÉÍÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÉÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÅ Ó
5.3-RELEASE ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ FreeBSD. ëÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ, ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ ÚÄÅÓØ, ÕÎÉËÁÌØÎÙ ÄÌÑ
5-STABLE, ÅÓÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÎÉ ÎÅ ÐÏÍÅÞÅÎÙ ËÁË [MERGED].</p>
<p>ïÂÙÞÎÏ × ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ
ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅ 5.3-RELEASE, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÉÌÉ
ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÎÏ×ÙÈ ËÏÍÁÎÄ ÉÌÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË, ÉÌÉ
ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑÈ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÇÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ. ÷ ÎÅÍ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÔØÓÑ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ×ÁÖÎÅÊÛÉÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÉÌÉ ÐÒÁËÔÉËÉ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×. ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, × ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï
ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÎÅ ×ÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ Ï ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÉ, ÓÄÅÌÁÎÎÏÍ × FreeBSD ÍÅÖÄÕ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ; ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÆÏËÕÓÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÈ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÉÄÉÍÙÈ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÈ, É ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÎÙÈ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÑÈ.</p>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="SECURITY" name="SECURITY">2.1. óÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ</a></h3>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fetch&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fetch</span>(1)</span></a>,
ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑ×ÛÁÑ ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ HTTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÈ ÕÞÁÓÔËÏ× ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ËÌÉÅÎÔÁ.
úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:16.fetch.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:16.fetch</a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=procfs&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">procfs</span>(5)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=linprocfs&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">linprocfs</span>(5)</span></a>,
ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑ×ÛÁÑ ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÞÉÔÁÔØ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ ÉÌÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ
ÌÏËÁÌØÎÕÀ DoS ÁÔÁËÕ ÐÕÔÅÍ ×ÙÚÏ×Á ÐÁÎÉËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë
ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:17.procfs.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:17.procfs</a>.</p>
<p>÷ ËÌÉÅÎÔÅ TELNET ÂÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ä×Å ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÐÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÂÕÆÅÒÁ. ïÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ
ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ TELNET ÉÌÉ ÁËÔÉ×ÎÏÍÕ ÁÔÁËÕÀÝÅÍÕ × ÓÅÔÉ ÍÅÖÄÕ ËÌÉÅÎÔÏÍ É ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏÍ
ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=telnet&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">telnet</span>(1)</span></a>
×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÊ ËÏÄ Ó ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÑÍÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉ×ÛÅÇÏ ËÌÉÅÎÔ. úÁ
ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:01.telnet.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-05:01.telnet</a>.</p>
<p>÷ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÍ ×ÙÚÏ×Å <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sendfile&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sendfile</span>(2)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ, Ó×ÑÚÁÎÎÁÑ Ó ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÅÍ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÍÏÇÌÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÕ
ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÈ ÞÁÓÔÅÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ
ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:02.sendfile.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-05:02.sendfile</a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <tt class="LITERAL">SIOCGIFCONF</tt> <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ioctl&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ioctl</span>(2)</span></a>,
ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉ×ÛÁÑ Ë ÕÔÅÞËÅ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ÉÚ-ÚÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÐÏÄ×ÅÒÇÁÌÉÓØ ÕÔÅÞËÅ 12 ÂÁÊÔ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ.
úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:04.ifconf.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-05:04.ifconf</a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cvs&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cvs</span>(1)</span></a>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÏÄÁ ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÈ CVS. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÁ ÉÚ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:05.cvs.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-05:05.cvs</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="KERNEL" name="KERNEL">2.2. éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÑÄÒÅ</a></h3>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ sysctl <code
class="VARNAME">security.jail.chflags_allowed</code>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chflags&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">chflags</span>(1)</span></a>
×ÎÕÔÒÉ jail. åÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ × <tt class="LITERAL">0</tt> (ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ), ×ÎÕÔÒÉ jail <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> ÓÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÅÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ; ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ × <tt class="LITERAL">1</tt>, ÒÁÚÌÉÞÉÊ ÍÅÖÄÕ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> ×ÎÕÔÒÉ jail É ×ÎÅ jail ÎÅ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ.</p>
<p>íÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÏÛÉÂÏË ÂÙÌÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÏ × ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉËÅ ULE.</p>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="BOOT" name="BOOT">2.2.1. éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÅ</a></h4>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="PROC" name="PROC">2.2.2. ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ</a></h4>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÄÌÑ ÇÉÂËÏÇÏ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁ. ïÎÁ
ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁÍ ÍÅÔÏÄÙ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÜÎÅÒÇÏÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÅÎÉÅÍ CPU ÐÕÔÅÍ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁ. âÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ
ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpufreq&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cpufreq</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ pcii ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ËÁÒÔ GPIB-PCIIA IEEE-488.</p>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="MM" name="MM">2.2.2.1. ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÍÕÌØÔÉÍÅÄÉÁ</a></h5>
</div>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="NET-IF" name="NET-IF">2.2.2.2. ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ
ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ×</a></h5>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ USB Communication Device Class Ethernet ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cdce&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cdce</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cp</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
MPSAFE.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctau&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ctau</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
MPSAFE.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cx&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cx</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
MPSAFE.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ed&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ed</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=altq&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">altq</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>÷ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÁ
ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÔÅÇÏ× VLAN, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÜÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ËÏÎÆÌÉËÔÏ×ÁÌÁ Ó
promiscuous ÒÅÖÉÍÏÍ.</p>
<p>ëÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÐÏÔÏËÁ Ethernet ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ -- ÐÁÎÉËÉ ÑÄÒÁ.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hme&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">hme</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
MPSAFE.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=re&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">re</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=altq&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">altq</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sf&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sf</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ device polling É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=altq&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">altq</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sk&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sk</span>(4)</span></a>. üÔÉ ÏÛÉÂËÉ
ÐÒÏÑ×ÌÑÌÉÓØ ÎÁ SMP ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ, É ÍÏÇÌÉ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔØ Ë ÐÁÎÉËÅ, ÏÛÉÂËÁÍ page fault, ÏÂÒÙ×Õ
ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ SSH ÉÌÉ ÏÛÉÂËÁÍ ÐÒÉ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ×
ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÅ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ERRATA/notices/FreeBSD-EN-05:02.sk.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-EN-05:02.sk</a>.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sk&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sk</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=altq&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">altq</span>(4)</span></a>. üÔÏÔ
ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ jumbo ÆÒÅÊÍÙ ÎÁ Yukon-based ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÈ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="NET-PROTO" name="NET-PROTO">2.2.3. óÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÙ</a></h4>
<p>MTU feedback × IPv6 ×ÙËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÉ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ
ÆÒÁÇÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎ Common Address Redundancy Protocol (CARP). CARP ÂÙÌ ×ÚÑÔ ÉÚ OpenBSD É
ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÍ ÈÏÓÔÁÍ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÄÉÎ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÉ×ÁÔØ
×ÙÓÏËÕÀ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÓÔØ É ÒÁÓÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÉ. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë
ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=carp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">carp</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>óÉÓÔÅÍÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(4)</span></a> ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó <code class="VARNAME">debug.mpsafenet</code>=<tt class="LITERAL">1</tt> (ÜÔÁ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÒÁ×ÎÁ <tt class="LITERAL">1</tt> ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ) ËÏÇÄÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ
ÐÒÁ×ÉÌ <tt class="LITERAL">gid</tt>, <tt class="LITERAL">jail</tt>, É/ÉÌÉ <tt
class="LITERAL">uid</tt>.</p>
<p>ðÒÁ×ÉÌÏ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(8)</span></a> <tt
class="LITERAL">ipfw fwd</tt> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÐÁËÅÔÁ
ÐÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ÑÄÒÁ <tt class="LITERAL">options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED</tt>
× ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ Ë ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÕ <tt class="LITERAL">options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD</tt>. üÔÏÔ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ ÕÓÔÒÁÎÑÅÔ ×ÓÅ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× É ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ
ÐÅÒÅÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÎÙÈ ÄÌÑ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÓËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ IP ÁÄÒÅÓÁ.
ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(8)</span></a> ÄÏÌÖÎÙ
ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÁËËÕÒÁÔÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÎÅ ÎÁÒÕÛÉÔØ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ PMTU.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipnat&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipnat</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÔØ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ÎÅ-TCP/UDP ÐÁËÅÔÏ×.</p>
<p>ðÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÉÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Giant ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ ÓÔÅËÏÍ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ
ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÏ× É ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÀ ÓÔÒÁÔÅÇÉÉ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ.</p>
<p>îÏ×ÙÊ ÕÚÅÌ NetGraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_netflow&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_netflow</span>(4)</span></a>
ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÉÚÁÔÏÒÕ, ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÅÍÕ ÐÏÄ FreeBSD, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÜËÓÐÏÒÔ NetFlow ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
5.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sppp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sppp</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ Frame Relay</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ TCP, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÉÎÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÌÁ Ë ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÀ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× RST ÐÒÉ
ÏËÎÅ ÐÒÉÅÍÁ × ÎÏÌØ ÂÁÊÔ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÏÛÉÂÏË × ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ TCP SACK.</p>
<p>òÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ KAME IPv4 IPsec, ÉÎÔÅÇÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ × FreeBSD, ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
TCP-MD5.</p>
<p>áÌÇÏÒÉÔÍ ``Random ephemeral port number allocation'' ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÌ Ë ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÍ Ó
ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÙÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÐÒÉ ×ÙÓÏËÏÊ ÞÁÓÔÏÔÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÊ. ôÅÐÅÒØ × ÐÅÒÉÏÄÙ,
ËÏÇÄÁ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÂÙÓÔÒÅÅ, ÞÅÍ <code
class="VARNAME">net.inet.ip.portrange.randomcps</code> × ÓÅËÕÎÄÕ, ÒÁÎÄÏÍÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÎÏÍÅÒÏ×
ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÏÔËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ <code
class="VARNAME">net.inet.ip.portrange.randomtime</code> ÓÅËÕÎÄ. úÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
ÜÔÉÈ Ä×ÕÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ sysctl ÒÁ×ÎÙ <tt class="LITERAL">10</tt> É <tt
class="LITERAL">45</tt> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="DISKS" name="DISKS">2.2.4. äÉÓËÉ É ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ</a></h4>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=amr&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">amr</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ Ó <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pae&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pae</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hptmv&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">hptmv</span>(4)</span></a>,
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ HighPoint RocketRAID 182x series.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ips&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ips</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÄÁÍÐÙ ÑÄÒÁ ÎÁ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÍÏÄÅÌÑÈ ServeRAID.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=matcd&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">matcd</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ËÌÁÓÓ SHSEC GEOM. ïÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÅËÒÅÔÎÏÇÏ ËÌÀÞÁ
(``secret'') ÍÅÖÄÕ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÍÉ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁÍÉ GEOM. ÷ÓÅ ÜÔÉ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ
ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÓÅËÒÅÔÎÙÊ ËÌÀÞ. üÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÏÊ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gshsec&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">gshsec</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
<p>éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ×ÎÏ×Ø ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ cd9660 (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï
ÎÁÌÉÞÉÉ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÊ RockRidge) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÑÄÒÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÓÏÂÒÁÎÏ × ÒÅÖÉÍÅ
verbose. üÔÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÂÙÌÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÉÑ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á (ÚÁÞÁÓÔÕÀ ÎÅÎÕÖÎÙÈ)
ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÉÒÕÅÍÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÑÄÒÁ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="FS" name="FS">2.2.5. æÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ</a></h4>
<p>÷ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÅ ÓÕÍÍÁÒÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÎÅ ÒÁÚÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ (``dirty'') ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍ UFS É UFS2 ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÎÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, Á ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ ÆÏÎÏ×ÙÍ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fsck</span>(8)</span></a>. üÔÏ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÐÒÉ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÐÏÓÌÅ
ÓÂÏÑ. ðÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÅ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl <code
class="VARNAME">vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount</code> × ÎÅÎÕÌÅ×ÏÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ NFS ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ, ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉ×ÛÁÑ Ë ÐÁÎÉËÅ ÑÄÒÁ. âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÅ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ERRATA/notices/FreeBSD-EN-05:01.nfs.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-EN-05:01.nfs</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN293" name="AEN293">2.2.6. óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ
ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></h4>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">ACPI-CA</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 20040527 ÄÏ 20041119.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="USERLAND" name="USERLAND">2.3. éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ</a></h3>
<p>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ftpd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ftpd</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ËÏÄÙ ÓÔÁÔÕÓÁ <tt class="LITERAL">212</tt> É <tt
class="LITERAL">213</tt> ÄÌÑ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ É ÆÁÊÌÁ (× ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÓÑ ËÏÄ <tt
class="LITERAL">211</tt>). üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × RFC 959.</p>
<p>æÕÎËÃÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getaddrinfo&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">getaddrinfo</span>(3)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÅÔ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ DNS <tt class="LITERAL">A</tt> ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÁÐÉÓÑÍÉ <tt
class="LITERAL">AAAA</tt>, ËÏÇÄÁ ÕËÁÚÁÎ <tt class="LITERAL">AF_UNSPEC</tt>. îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ DNS
ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÙ ÎÅËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÀÔ <tt class="LITERAL">NXDOMAIN</tt> × ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÎÁ ÚÁÐÒÏÓ
ÎÅÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ <tt class="LITERAL">AAAA</tt>, ÈÏÔÑ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÔØ <tt
class="LITERAL">NOERROR</tt> Ó ÐÕÓÔÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓØÀ. üÔÏ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ ÄÌÑ Ä×ÏÊÎÏÇÏ IPv4/IPv6 ÓÔÅËÁ,
ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÏÓÌÅ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ <tt class="LITERAL">NXDOMAIN</tt> ÎÁ ÚÁÐÒÏÓ <tt
class="LITERAL">AAAA</tt> ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ÔÏÍÕ, ÞÔÏ ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÎÅ ÐÙÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÉÔØ
ÚÁÐÉÓØ <tt class="LITERAL">A</tt>. ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÔÁËÏÅ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë DoS ÁÔÁËÅ (ÓÍ. <a href="http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/714121"
target="_top">http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/714121</a> Ó ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ).
ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÈÏÔÑ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ ÂÙÌ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ, ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÍÙÊ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ
×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÚÁÐÉÓØ <tt class="LITERAL">AF_INET6</tt> ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÁÐÉÓØÀ <tt
class="LITERAL">AF_INET</tt>.</p>
<p>ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ <tt class="LITERAL">create</tt> ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpt&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">gpt</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ <code class="OPTION">-f</code> ÄÌÑ ÆÏÒÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ GPT ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÚÁÐÉÓØ MBR.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ gvinum(8) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÕÂËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <tt class="COMMAND">checkparity</tt>,
<tt class="COMMAND">rebuildparity</tt> É <tt class="COMMAND">setstate</tt>.</p>
<p>âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <tt class="FILENAME">libarchive</tt> (ËÁË É ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tar</span>(1)</span></a>, ÅÅ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÁÑ) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ× ISO (Ó ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙÍ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅÍ
RockRidge) É ÁÒÈÉ×Ï× ZIP (ÓÏ ÓÖÁÔÉÅÍ <tt class="LITERAL">deflate</tt> É <tt
class="LITERAL">none</tt>).</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <tt class="FILENAME">libgpib</tt>, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ
ÕÒÏ×ÎÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ Ë ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÍ GPIB (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ pcii) ÞÅÒÅÚ <code
class="FUNCTION">ib<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>foo</i></tt></code> API.</p>
<p>íÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÊ ÄÌÑ <tt class="FILENAME">libpthread</tt> ÂÙÌÉ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÙ ÉÚ
HEAD.</p>
<p>÷ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=math&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">math</span>(3)</span></a> ÂÙÌÏ
ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÏ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ. ÷ ÉÈ ÞÉÓÌÏ ×ÈÏÄÑÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ceill&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ceill</span>(3)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=floorl&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">floorl</span>(3)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ilogbl&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ilogbl</span>(3)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fma&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fma</span>(3)</span></a> É
×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lrint&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">lrint</span>(3)</span></a> É
×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ, É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lround&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">lround</span>(3)</span></a> É
×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ.</p>
<p>äÁÅÍÏÎ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=moused&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">moused</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ``×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÕÀ ÐÒÏËÒÕÔËÕ'', ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÍÙÛÉ ÐÒÉ ÎÁÖÁÔÏÊ ÓÒÅÄÎÅÊ ËÎÏÐËÅ
ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ ËÁË ÐÒÏËÒÕÔËÁ. üÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÆÌÁÇÏÍ <code
class="OPTION">-V</code>.</p>
<p>äÌÑ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÚÏÎ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=named&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">named</span>(8)</span></a> ÂÙÌ
ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ, ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÅÍ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ <tt
class="USERNAME">bind</tt> (ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÖÕÒÎÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÚÏÎÙ). âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÚÏÎÙ ÆÁÊÌÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=named.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">named.conf</span>(5)</span></a>.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newfs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">newfs</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <code class="OPTION">-n</code> ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">.snap</tt> ÎÁ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ. üÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÁ ÄÌÑ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ó ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ × ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÉÌÉ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ×.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newfs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">newfs</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
×ÙÄÁÅÔ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ UFS ÉÌÉ UFS2, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ. ôÁËÁÑ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÏÚÎÉËÁÔØ × ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÏÞÅÎØ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍ Ó ÂÌÏËÁÍÉ ÍÁÌÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ <tt class="LITERAL">NO_NIS</tt>. ëÁË
ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÉÚ ÅÅ ÉÍÅÎÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÔ Ë ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ NIS ÉÚ
ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, É ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ NIS ÎÅ ÂÕÄÕÔ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ncal&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ncal</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <code class="OPTION">-m</code> ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ËÁÌÅÎÄÁÒÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ
ÍÅÓÑÃÁ × ÔÅËÕÝÅÍ ÇÏÄÕ.</p>
<p>ðÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=periodic&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">periodic</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÓÞÅÔÞÉËÏ× ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÚÁÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pf</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>÷ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ppp&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ppp</span>(8)</span></a>
ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <code class="OPTION">echo</code>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ LCP ECHO
ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ ÏÔ LQR. âÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ppp&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ppp</span>(8)</span></a> ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÑÔ
× ÒÅÖÉÍ LCP ECHO ÅÓÌÉ ÓÏÇÌÁÓÏ×ÁÎÉÅ lqr ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÕÓÐÅÛÎÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÄÅÎÏ. ôÅÐÅÒØ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ
ÔÁËÏÇÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ <tt class="COMMAND">enable echo</tt>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ä×Å ÏÛÉÂËÉ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pppd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pppd</span>(8)</span></a>. ïÎÉ
ÍÏÇÌÉ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÎÅËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÍÕ ÏÔ×ÅÔÕ CBCP, ÎÁÒÕÛÁÀÝÅÍÕ Microsoft PPP Callback Control
Protocol section 3.2.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=restore&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">restore</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÓÎÏ×Á ÍÏÖÅÔ ÞÉÔÁÔØ ÄÁÍÐÙ FreeBSD ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 1.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rm&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rm</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <code class="OPTION">-I</code>, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ (ÏÄÎÏËÒÁÔÎÏ)
ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÄÔ×ÅÒÖÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉ ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏÍ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ× ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ 3 ÆÁÊÌÏ×,
ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ × ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ.</p>
<p>äÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ËÏÍÐÏÎÏ×ÝÉË <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rtld&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rtld</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÅ ÚÁÍÅÝÁÀÝÉÈ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅË ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ <code
class="VARNAME">LD_LIBMAP</code>. üÔÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libmap.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">libmap.conf</span>(5)</span></a>.</p>
<p>æÕÎËÃÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=strftime&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">strftime</span>(3)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ GNU ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË <tt class="LITERAL">-</tt> (ÂÅÚ
ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ), <tt class="LITERAL">_</tt> (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÂÅÌ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ), É <tt
class="LITERAL">0</tt> (ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ÎÕÌÑÍÉ).</p>
<p>æÕÎËÃÉÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syslog&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">syslog</span>(3)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ × ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syslogd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">syslogd</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÓÏËÅÔ (<tt class="FILENAME">/var/run/logpriv</tt> ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ), Ó ÐÒÁ×ÁÍÉ <tt class="LITERAL">0600</tt> ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍÉ
ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ. üÔÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÕ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÂÕÆÅÒ ÓÏËÅÔÁ
ÐÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ ×ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÊ DoS ÁÔÁËÉ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syslogd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">syslogd</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ <code class="OPTION">-S</code>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÐÕÔØ
Ë ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÍÕ ÓÏËÅÔÕ. üÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ, ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÄÁÅÍÏÎ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÌ
ËÁËÉÅ-ÌÉÂÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÉÚ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÈ ÓÏËÅÔÏ× (ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/run/log</tt> É <tt class="FILENAME">/var/run/logpriv</tt>).</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syslogd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">syslogd</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ <tt class="LITERAL">:</tt> É <tt
class="LITERAL">%</tt> × ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ ÉÍÅÎÉ ÈÏÓÔÁ. üÔÉ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ × ÁÄÒÅÓÁÈ É
scope ID IPv6.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=systat&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">systat</span>(1)</span></a> <code
class="OPTION">-netstat</code> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÉÓÐÏÓÏÂÌÅÎ ÄÌÑ IPv6.</p>
<p>ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <code class="OPTION">-f</code> ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tail&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tail</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tcpdrop&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tcpdrop</span>(8)</span></a>,
ÚÁËÒÙ×ÁÀÝÁÑ ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÏÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ TCP. ïÎÁ ÂÙÌÁ ÚÁÉÍÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÁ ÉÚ OpenBSD.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=whois&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">whois</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <code class="OPTION">-k</code> ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ <tt
class="HOSTID">whois.krnic.net</tt> (the National Internet Development Agency of Korea),
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÅÇÏ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï IP ÁÄÒÅÓÁÈ × ëÏÒÅÅ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hosts&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">hosts</span>(5)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=services&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">services</span>(5)</span></a> É
ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÚÁËÁÎÞÉ×ÁÌÉÓØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏÍ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ.</p>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="RC-SCRIPTS" name="RC-SCRIPTS">2.3.1. óËÒÉÐÔÙ <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/rc.d</tt></a></h4>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÉÍÅÎ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
ifconfig_fxp0_name="net0"
ifconfig_net0="inet 10.0.0.1/16"
</pre>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ <code class="VARNAME">tmpmfs_flags</code> É <code
class="VARNAME">varmfs_flags</code>. ïÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mdmfs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mdmfs</span>(8)</span></a>,
ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=md&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">md</span>(4)</span></a> ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×
ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ/×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ softupdates, ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ
ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="CONTRIB" name="CONTRIB">2.4. óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ
ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></h3>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">BIND</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 9.3.0 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 9.3.1.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">Heimdal</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 0.6.1 ÄÏ 0.6.3.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔ <b class="APPLICATION">netcat</b> ÉÚ OpenBSD ÏÔ 4 ÆÅ×ÒÁÌÑ 2005
ÇÏÄÁ. âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÐÏ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nc&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nc</span>(1)</span></a>.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">OpenSSL</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 0.9.7d ÄÏ 0.9.7e.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">sendmail</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.13.1 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.13.3.</p>
<p>âÁÚÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ timezone ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ <b class="APPLICATION">tzdata2004e</b> ÄÏ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁ <b class="APPLICATION">tzdata2004g</b>.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="PORTS" name="PORTS">2.5. éÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ
ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ×</a></h3>
<p>æÁÊÌÙ <tt class="FILENAME">ports/INDEX<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>*</i></tt></tt>, ×
ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÉÎÄÅËÓ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ, ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ ÉÚ ÒÅÐÏÚÉÔÏÒÉÑ CVS. üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ
ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÌÓÑ ÎÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ, É ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÂÙÌ ÕÓÔÁÒÅ×ÛÉÍ É ÎÅ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×Ï×ÁÌ
ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÀ ÐÏÒÔÏ×. ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÎÄÅËÓÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ó ÔÁËÉÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ, ËÁË <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=portupgrade&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+Ports">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">portupgrade</span>(1)</span></a>),
ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ËÏÐÉÀ Ä×ÕÍÑ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁÍÉ:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>óÏÚÄÁÔØ ÉÎÄÅËÓ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Á ÐÏÒÔÏ×, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉ× <tt
class="COMMAND">make index</tt> ÉÚ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ ÄÅÒÅ×Á <tt
class="FILENAME">ports/</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>úÁÂÒÁÔØ ÉÎÄÅËÓÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉ× <tt class="COMMAND">make fetchindex</tt> ÉÚ
ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ ÄÅÒÅ×Á <tt class="FILENAME">ports/</tt>. üÔÏÔ ÉÎÄÅËÓÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ (ËÁË
ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ) ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ × ÔÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÄÎÑ.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="RELENG" name="RELENG">2.6. ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× É
ÉÎÔÅÇÒÁÃÉÑ</a></h3>
<p>÷ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÈ FreeBSD, CD-ROM (ÉÌÉ ÏÂÒÁÚ ISO) <tt class="FILENAME">disc1</tt>
ÂÙÌ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÍ ÄÉÓËÏÍ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÍ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÐÏÒÔÏ× É ÛÉÒÏËÏ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ. CD-ROM (ÉÌÉ ÏÂÒÁÚ ISO) <tt class="FILENAME">disc2</tt> ÂÙÌ
ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ ``fix it'' ÄÉÓËÏÍ Ó live filesystem, É ÂÙÌ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
ÐÏÓÌÅ ËÒÉÔÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÓÂÏÅ×. ôÅÐÅÒØ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ ia64, ÎÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">disc1</tt> ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÂÁÚÏ×ÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ, ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÐÏÒÔÏ× É live filesystem,
ÞÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ËÁË ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ, ÔÁË É ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÂÏÅ×. (îÁ
ia64, live filesystem ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÎÅ ÕÍÅÝÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ).
ðÁËÅÔÙ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÄÉÓË; × ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ, ÏÂÒÁÚ <tt class="FILENAME">disc2</tt>
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÏÂÝÅÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË ÄÅÓËÔÏÐ-ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ. äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÙ ðÒÏÅËÔÁ
ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ FreeBSD ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÁ <tt class="FILENAME">disc2</tt>.</p>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ ÄÅÓËÔÏÐÁ <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó 2.6.2
ÄÏ 2.10. âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÁÂÏÔÅ <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> × FreeBSD
ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ×Å ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/" target="_top">FreeBSD
GNOME Project</a>.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/x11/gnome2/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">x11/gnome2</tt></a>) ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÐÏÄÏÊÔÉ Ë ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ Ó ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÊ
ÏÓÔÏÒÏÖÎÏÓÔØÀ. ðÒÏÓÔÏÅ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× FreeBSD Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=portupgrade&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+Ports">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">portupgrade</span>(1)</span></a>
(<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/sysutils/portupgrade/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">sysutils/portupgrade</tt></a>) ×ÙÚÏ×ÅÔ ÓÅÒØÅÚÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ. ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ
<b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/docs/faq210.html"
target="_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/docs/faq210.html</a> É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓËÒÉÐÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/gnome_upgrade.sh" target="_top"><tt
class="FILENAME">gnome_upgrade.sh</tt></a> ÄÌÑ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏ <b
class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> 2.10.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ <b class="APPLICATION">KDE</b> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó 3.3.0 ÄÏ 3.4.0.
âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÁÂÏÔÅ <b class="APPLICATION">KDE</b> × FreeBSD ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ
×Å ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ <a href="http://freebsd.kde.org/" target="_top">KDE × FreeBSD</a>.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ <b class="APPLICATION">KDE</b>
ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÅ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ, ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÎÁ ×Å ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ <a
href="http://freebsd.kde.org/" target="_top">KDE on FreeBSD</a> ÉÄÉ × ÆÁÊÌÅ <tt
class="FILENAME">ports/UPDATING</tt>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ <b class="APPLICATION">Xorg</b> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó 6.7.0 ÄÏ
6.8.2.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="DOC" name="DOC">2.7. äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ</a></h3>
<p>óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÙ ÉÚ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ× RFC, É
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÒÕÛÁÌÉ IETF ËÏÐÉÒÁÊÔ, ÂÙÌÉ ÚÁÍÅÝÅÎÙ: <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gai_strerror&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">gai_strerror</span>(3)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getaddrinfo&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">getaddrinfo</span>(3)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getnameinfo&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">getnameinfo</span>(3)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=inet6_opt_init&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">inet6_opt_init</span>(3)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=inet6_option_space&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">inet6_option_space</span>(3)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=inet6_rth_space&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">inet6_rth_space</span>(3)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=inet6_rthdr_space&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">inet6_rthdr_space</span>(3)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=icmp6&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">icmp6</span>(4)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ip6&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ip6</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="UPGRADE" name="UPGRADE">3. ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×
FreeBSD</a></h2>
<p>ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ Ó ÕÖÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ FreeBSD <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">ÎÁÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏ</i></span> ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ ``òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ÐÏ ÍÉÇÒÁÃÉÉ
ÎÁ FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE''. îÁ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅ ÉÌÉ × ÌÀÂÏÍ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ÍÅÓÔÅ, ÇÄÅ ÍÏÖÎÏ
ÎÁÊÔÉ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ, ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ <tt
class="FILENAME">MIGRATE5.TXT</tt>. ïÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ Ó
FreeBSD 4.X, ÎÏ, ÞÔÏ ÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÏ, ÓÒÁ×ÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ Ó 4.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt> É ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÏ 5.<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.</p>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>÷ÁÖÎÏ:</b> ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ FreeBSD ËÏÎÅÞÎÏ ÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔØÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÓÌÅ
ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÇÏ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">×ÓÅÈ</i></span> ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
É ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
<p align="center"><small>üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÙ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
FreeBSD, ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÙ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ×ÏÚÎÉË ×ÏÐÒÏÓ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÊÓÑ FreeBSD, ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/docs.html">ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ,</a> ÐÒÅÖÄÅ ÞÅÍ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ÐÉÓØÍÏ ×
<<a href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>÷ÓÅÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ FreeBSD 5-STABLE ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÄÐÉÓÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ
ÓÐÉÓÏË ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ <<a
href="mailto:stable@FreeBSD.org">stable@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>÷ÏÐÒÏÓÙ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ÐÏ
ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <<a href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
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