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diff --git a/documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po b/documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..260c965b75 --- /dev/null +++ b/documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.po @@ -0,0 +1,1029 @@ +# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE +# Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project +# This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. +# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. +# +#, fuzzy +msgid "" +msgstr "" +"Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-12-29 08:30-0500\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" +"Language: \n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" + +#. type: Title = +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:1 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:11 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Implementing UFS Journaling on a Desktop PC" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:44 +msgid "Abstract" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:50 +msgid "" +"A journaling file system uses a log to record all transactions that take " +"place in the file system, and preserves its integrity in the event of a " +"system crash or power failure. Although it is still possible to lose " +"unsaved changes to files, journaling almost completely eliminates the " +"possibility of file system corruption caused by an unclean shutdown. It " +"also shortens to a minimum the time required for after-failure file system " +"checking. Although the UFS file system employed by FreeBSD does not " +"implement journaling itself, the new journal class of the GEOM framework in " +"FreeBSD 7._X_ can be used to provide file system independent journaling. " +"This article explains how to implement UFS journaling on a typical desktop " +"PC scenario." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:52 +msgid "'''" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title == +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:56 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Introduction" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:61 +msgid "" +"While professional servers are usually well protected from unforeseen " +"shutdowns, the typical desktop is at the mercy of power failures, accidental " +"resets, and other user related incidents that can lead to unclean " +"shutdowns. Soft Updates usually protect the file system efficiently in such " +"cases, although most of the times a lengthy background check is required. " +"On rare occasions, file system corruption reaches a point where user " +"intervention is required and data may be lost." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:63 +msgid "" +"The new journaling capability provided by GEOM can greatly assist in such " +"scenarios, by virtually eliminating the time required for file system " +"checking, and ensuring that the file system is quickly restored to a " +"consistent state." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:67 +msgid "" +"This article describes a procedure for implementing UFS journaling on a " +"typical desktop PC scenario (one hard disk used for both operating system " +"and data). It should be followed during a fresh installation of FreeBSD. " +"The steps are simple enough and do not require overly complex interaction " +"with the command line." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:69 +msgid "After reading this article, you will know:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:71 +msgid "" +"How to reserve space for journaling during a new installation of FreeBSD." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:72 +msgid "" +"How to load and enable the `geom_journal` module (or build support for it in " +"your custom kernel)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:73 +msgid "" +"How to convert your existing file systems to utilize journaling, and what " +"options to use in [.filename]#/etc/fstab# to mount them." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:74 +msgid "How to implement journaling in new (empty) partitions." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:75 +msgid "How to troubleshoot common problems associated with journaling." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:77 +msgid "Before reading this article, you should be able to:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:79 +msgid "Understand basic UNIX(R) and FreeBSD concepts." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:80 +msgid "" +"Be familiar with the installation procedure of FreeBSD and the sysinstall " +"utility." +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:86 +msgid "" +"The procedure described here is intended for preparing a new installation " +"where no actual user data is stored on the disk yet. While it is possible " +"to modify and extend this procedure for systems already in production, you " +"should _backup_ all important data before doing so. Messing around with " +"disks and partitions at a low level can lead to fatal mistakes and data loss." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title == +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:89 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Understanding Journaling in FreeBSD" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:93 +msgid "" +"The journaling provided by GEOM in FreeBSD 7._X_ is not file system specific " +"(unlike for example the ext3 file system in Linux(R)) but is functioning at " +"the block level. Though this means it can be applied to different file " +"systems, for FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE, it can only be used on UFS2." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:97 +msgid "" +"This functionality is provided by loading the [.filename]#geom_journal.ko# " +"module into the kernel (or building it into a custom kernel) and using the " +"`gjournal` command to configure the file systems. In general, you would " +"like to journal large file systems, like [.filename]#/usr#. You will need " +"however (see the following section) to reserve some free disk space." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:104 +msgid "" +"When a file system is journaled, some disk space is needed to keep the " +"journal itself. The disk space that holds the actual data is referred to as " +"the __data provider__, while the one that holds the journal is referred to " +"as the __journal provider__. The data and journal providers need to be on " +"different partitions when journaling an existing (non-empty) partition. " +"When journaling a new partition, you have the option to use a single " +"provider for both data and journal. In any case, the `gjournal` command " +"combines both providers to create the final journaled file system. For " +"example:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:106 +msgid "" +"You wish to journal your [.filename]#/usr# file system, stored in [." +"filename]#/dev/ad0s1f# (which already contains data)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:107 +msgid "" +"You reserved some free disk space in a partition in [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1g#." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:108 +msgid "" +"Using `gjournal`, a new [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1f.journal# device is created " +"where [.filename]#/dev/ad0s1f# is the data provider, and [.filename]#/dev/" +"ad0s1g# is the journal provider. This new device is then used for all " +"subsequent file operations." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:112 +msgid "" +"The amount of disk space you need to reserve for the journal provider " +"depends on the usage load of the file system and not on the size of the data " +"provider. For example on a typical office desktop, a 1 GB journal provider " +"for the [.filename]#/usr# file system will suffice, while a machine that " +"deals with heavy disk I/O (i.e. video editing) may need more. A kernel " +"panic will occur if the journal space is exhausted before it has a chance to " +"be committed." +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:119 +msgid "" +"The journal sizes suggested here, are highly unlikely to cause problems in " +"typical desktop use (such as web browsing, word processing and playback of " +"media files). If your workload includes intense disk activity, use the " +"following rule for maximum reliability: Your RAM size should fit in 30% of " +"the journal provider's space. For example, if your system has 1 GB RAM, " +"create an approximately 3.3 GB journal provider. (Multiply your RAM size " +"with 3.3 to obtain the size of the journal)." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:122 +msgid "" +"For more information about journaling, please read the manual page of man:" +"gjournal[8]." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title == +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:124 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Steps During the Installation of FreeBSD" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:126 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Reserving Space for Journaling" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:130 +msgid "" +"A typical desktop machine usually has one hard disk that stores both the OS " +"and user data. Arguably, the default partitioning scheme selected by " +"sysinstall is more or less suitable: A desktop machine does not need a large " +"[.filename]#/var# partition, while [.filename]#/usr# is allocated the bulk " +"of the disk space, since user data and a lot of packages are installed into " +"its subdirectories." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:134 +msgid "" +"The default partitioning (the one obtained by pressing kbd:[A] at the " +"FreeBSD partition editor, called Disklabel) does not leave any unallocated " +"space. Each partition that will be journaled, requires another partition " +"for the journal. Since the [.filename]#/usr# partition is the largest, it " +"makes sense to shrink this partition slightly, to obtain the space required " +"for journaling." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:137 +msgid "" +"In our example, an 80 GB disk is used. The following screenshot shows the " +"default partitions created by Disklabel during installation:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Target for macro image +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:138 +#, no-wrap +msgid "disklabel1.png" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:142 +msgid "" +"If this is more or less what you need, it is very easy to adjust for " +"journaling. Simply use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the [." +"filename]#/usr# partition and press kbd:[D] to delete it." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:146 +msgid "" +"Now, move the highlight to the disk name at the top of the screen and press " +"kbd:[C] to create a new partition for [.filename]#/usr#. This new partition " +"should be smaller by 1 GB (if you intend to journal [.filename]#/usr# only), " +"or 2 GB (if you intend to journal both [.filename]#/usr# and [.filename]#/" +"var#). From the pop-up that appears, opt to create a file system, and type " +"[.filename]#/usr# as the mount point." +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:152 +msgid "" +"Should you journal the [.filename]#/var# partition? Normally, journaling " +"makes sense on quite large partitions. You may decide not to journal [." +"filename]#/var#, although doing so on a typical desktop will cause no harm. " +"If the file system is lightly used (quite probable for a desktop) you may " +"wish to allocate less disk space for its journal." +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:155 +msgid "" +"In our example, we journal both [.filename]#/usr# and [.filename]#/var#. " +"You may of course adjust the procedure to your own needs." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:161 +msgid "" +"To keep things as easy going as possible, we are going to use sysinstall to " +"create the partitions required for journaling. However, during " +"installation, sysinstall insists on asking a mount point for each partition " +"you create. At this point, you do not have any mount points for the " +"partitions that will hold the journals, and in reality you __do not even " +"need them__. These are not partitions that we are ever going to mount " +"somewhere." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:165 +msgid "" +"To avoid these problems with sysinstall, we are going to create the journal " +"partitions as swap space. Swap is never mounted, and sysinstall has no " +"problem creating as many swap partitions as needed. After the first reboot, " +"[.filename]#/etc/fstab# will have to be edited, and the extra swap space " +"entries removed." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:171 +msgid "" +"To create the swap, again use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the " +"top of Disklabel screen, so that the disk name itself is highlighted. Then " +"press kbd:[N], enter the desired size (_1024M_), and select \"swap space\" " +"from the pop-up menu that appears. Repeat for every journal you wish to " +"create. In our example, we create two partitions to provide for the " +"journals of [.filename]#/usr# and [.filename]#/var#. The final result is " +"shown in the following screenshot:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Target for macro image +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:172 +#, no-wrap +msgid "disklabel2.png" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:177 +msgid "" +"When you have completed creating the partitions, we suggest you write down " +"the partition names, and mount points, so you can easily refer to this " +"information during the configuration phase. This will help alleviate " +"mistakes that may damage your installation. The following table shows our " +"notes for the sample configuration:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Block title +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:178 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Partitions and Journals" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:182 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Partition" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:183 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Mount Point" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:185 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Journal" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:186 +#, no-wrap +msgid "ad0s1d" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:187 +#, no-wrap +msgid "/var" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:189 +#, no-wrap +msgid "ad0s1h" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:190 +#, no-wrap +msgid "ad0s1f" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:191 +#, no-wrap +msgid "/usr" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Table +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:192 +#, no-wrap +msgid "ad0s1g" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:196 +msgid "" +"Continue the installation as you would normally do. We would however " +"suggest you postpone installation of third party software (packages) until " +"you have completely setup journaling." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:198 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Booting for the first time" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:203 +msgid "" +"Your system will come up normally, but you will need to edit [.filename]#/" +"etc/fstab# and remove the extra swap partitions you created for the " +"journals. Normally, the swap partition you will actually use is the one " +"with the \"b\" suffix (i.e. ad0s1b in our example). Remove all other swap " +"space entries and reboot so that FreeBSD will stop using them." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:205 +msgid "" +"When the system comes up again, we will be ready to configure journaling." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title == +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:207 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Setting Up Journaling" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:210 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Executing `gjournal`" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:214 +msgid "" +"Having prepared all the required partitions, it is quite easy to configure " +"journaling. We will need to switch to single user mode, so login as `root` " +"and type:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:218 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:436 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# shutdown now\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:222 +msgid "" +"Press kbd:[Enter] to get the default shell. We will need to unmount the " +"partitions that will be journaled, in our example [.filename]#/usr# and [." +"filename]#/var#:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:226 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:443 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# umount /usr /var\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:229 +msgid "Load the module required for journaling:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:233 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:408 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# gjournal load\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:238 +msgid "" +"Now, use your notes to determine which partition will be used for each " +"journal. In our example, [.filename]#/usr# is [.filename]#ad0s1f# and its " +"journal will be [.filename]#ad0s1g#, while [.filename]#/var# is [." +"filename]#ad0s1d# and will be journaled to [.filename]#ad0s1h#. The " +"following commands are required:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:244 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# gjournal label ad0s1f ad0s1g\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1f contains data.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1g contains journal.\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:248 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# gjournal label ad0s1d ad0s1h\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1d contains data.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1h contains journal.\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:254 +msgid "" +"If the last sector of either partition is used, `gjournal` will return an " +"error. You will have to run the command using the `-f` flag to force an " +"overwrite, i.e.:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:258 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# gjournal label -f ad0s1d ad0s1h\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:261 +msgid "" +"Since this is a new installation, it is highly unlikely that anything will " +"be actually overwritten." +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:266 +msgid "" +"At this point, two new devices are created, namely [.filename]#ad0s1d." +"journal# and [.filename]#ad0s1f.journal#. These represent the [.filename]#/" +"var# and [.filename]#/usr# partitions we have to mount. Before mounting, we " +"must however set the journal flag on them and clear the Soft Updates flag:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:272 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# tunefs -J enable -n disable ad0s1d.journal\n" +"tunefs: gjournal set\n" +"tunefs: soft updates cleared\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:276 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# tunefs -J enable -n disable ad0s1f.journal\n" +"tunefs: gjournal set\n" +"tunefs: soft updates cleared\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:279 +msgid "" +"Now, mount the new devices manually at their respective places (note that we " +"can now use the `async` mount option):" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:284 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# mount -o async /dev/ad0s1d.journal /var\n" +"# mount -o async /dev/ad0s1f.journal /usr\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:287 +msgid "" +"Edit [.filename]#/etc/fstab# and update the entries for [.filename]#/usr# " +"and [.filename]#/var#:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:292 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"/dev/ad0s1f.journal /usr ufs rw,async 2 2\n" +"/dev/ad0s1d.journal /var ufs rw,async 2 2\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block = 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:297 +msgid "" +"Make sure the above entries are correct, or you will have trouble starting " +"up normally after you reboot!" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:300 +msgid "" +"Finally, edit [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf# and add the following line so " +"the man:gjournal[8] module is loaded at every boot:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:304 +#, no-wrap +msgid "geom_journal_load=\"YES\"\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:309 +msgid "" +"Congratulations! Your system is now set for journaling. You can either type " +"`exit` to return to multi-user mode, or reboot to test your configuration " +"(recommended). During the boot you will see messages like the following:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:319 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"ad0: 76293MB XEC XE800JD-00HBC0 08.02D08 at ata0-master SATA150\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1g contains journal.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1h contains journal.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1d contains data.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1d clean.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1f contains data.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1f clean.\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:322 +msgid "After an unclean shutdown, the messages will vary slightly, i.e.:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:326 +#, no-wrap +msgid "GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1d consistent.\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:329 +msgid "" +"This usually means that man:gjournal[8] used the information in the journal " +"provider to return the file system to a consistent state." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:331 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Journaling Newly Created Partitions" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:336 +msgid "" +"While the above procedure is necessary for journaling partitions that " +"already contain data, journaling an empty partition is somewhat easier, " +"since both the data and the journal provider can be stored in the same " +"partition. For example, assume a new disk was installed, and a new " +"partition [.filename]#/dev/ad1s1d# was created. Creating the journal would " +"be as simple as:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:340 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# gjournal label ad1s1d\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:346 +msgid "" +"The journal size will be 1 GB by default. You may adjust it by using the `-" +"s` option. The value can be given in bytes, or appended by `K`, `M` or `G` " +"to denote Kilobytes, Megabytes or Gigabytes respectively. Note that " +"`gjournal` will not allow you to create unsuitably small journal sizes." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:348 +msgid "" +"For example, to create a 2 GB journal, you could use the following command:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:352 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# gjournal label -s 2G ad1s1d\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:355 +msgid "" +"You can then create a file system on your new partition, and enable " +"journaling using the `-J` option:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:359 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# newfs -J /dev/ad1s1d.journal\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:362 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Building Journaling into Your Custom Kernel" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:366 +msgid "" +"If you do not wish to load `geom_journal` as a module, you can build its " +"functions right into your kernel. Edit your custom kernel configuration " +"file, and make sure it includes these two lines:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:370 +#, no-wrap +msgid "options UFS_GJOURNAL # Note: This is already in GENERIC\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:372 +#, no-wrap +msgid "options GEOM_JOURNAL # You will have to add this one\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:375 +msgid "" +"Rebuild and reinstall your kernel following the relevant extref:{handbook}" +"[instructions in the FreeBSD Handbook., kernelconfig]" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:377 +msgid "" +"Do not forget to remove the relevant \"load\" entry from [.filename]#/boot/" +"loader.conf# if you have previously used it." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title == +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:379 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Troubleshooting Journaling" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:382 +msgid "" +"The following section covers frequently asked questions regarding problems " +"related to journaling." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:383 +#, no-wrap +msgid "I am getting kernel panics during periods of high disk activity. How is this related to journaling?" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:389 +msgid "" +"The journal probably fills up before it has a chance to get committed " +"(flushed) to disk. Keep in mind the size of the journal depends on the " +"usage load, and not the size of the data provider. If your disk activity is " +"high, you need a larger partition for the journal. See the note in the " +"crossref:gjournal-desktop[understanding-journaling, Understanding Journaling " +"in FreeBSD] section." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:390 +#, no-wrap +msgid "I made some mistake during configuration, and I cannot boot normally now. Can this be fixed some way?" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:396 +msgid "" +"You either forgot (or misspelled) the entry in [.filename]#/boot/loader." +"conf#, or there are errors in your [.filename]#/etc/fstab# file. These are " +"usually easy to fix. Press kbd:[Enter] to get to the default single user " +"shell. Then locate the root of the problem:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:400 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# cat /boot/loader.conf\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:404 +msgid "" +"If the `geom_journal_load` entry is missing or misspelled, the journaled " +"devices are never created. Load the module manually, mount all partitions, " +"and continue with multi-user boot:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:415 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1g contains journal.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1h contains journal.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 3193218002: ad0s1d contains data.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1d clean.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal 2948326772: ad0s1f contains data.\n" +"GEOM_JOURNAL: Journal ad0s1f clean.\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:419 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# mount -a\n" +"# exit\n" +"(boot continues)\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:424 +msgid "" +"If, on the other hand, this entry is correct, have a look at [.filename]#/" +"etc/fstab#. You will probably find a misspelled or missing entry. In this " +"case, mount all remaining partitions by hand and continue with the multi-" +"user boot." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title === +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:425 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Can I remove journaling and return to my standard file system with Soft Updates?" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:430 +msgid "" +"Sure. Use the following procedure, which reverses the changes. The " +"partitions you created for the journal providers can then be used for other " +"purposes, if you so wish." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:432 +msgid "Login as `root` and switch to single user mode:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:439 +msgid "Unmount the journaled partitions:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:446 +msgid "Synchronize the journals:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:450 +#, no-wrap +msgid "# gjournal sync\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:453 +msgid "Stop the journaling providers:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:458 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# gjournal stop ad0s1d.journal\n" +"# gjournal stop ad0s1f.journal\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:461 +msgid "Clear journaling metadata from all the devices used:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:468 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# gjournal clear ad0s1d\n" +"# gjournal clear ad0s1f\n" +"# gjournal clear ad0s1g\n" +"# gjournal clear ad0s1h\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:471 +msgid "" +"Clear the file system journaling flag, and restore the Soft Updates flag:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:477 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# tunefs -J disable -n enable ad0s1d\n" +"tunefs: gjournal cleared\n" +"tunefs: soft updates set\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:481 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# tunefs -J disable -n enable ad0s1f\n" +"tunefs: gjournal cleared\n" +"tunefs: soft updates set\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:484 +msgid "Remount the old devices by hand:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:489 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"# mount -o rw /dev/ad0s1d /var\n" +"# mount -o rw /dev/ad0s1f /usr\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:492 +msgid "Edit [.filename]#/etc/fstab# and restore it to its original state:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: delimited block . 4 +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:497 +#, no-wrap +msgid "" +"/dev/ad0s1f /usr ufs rw 2 2\n" +"/dev/ad0s1d /var ufs rw 2 2\n" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:500 +msgid "" +"Finally, edit [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf#, remove the entry that loads " +"the `geom_journal` module and reboot." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Title == +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:502 +#, no-wrap +msgid "Further Reading" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:506 +msgid "" +"Journaling is a fairly new feature of FreeBSD, and as such, it is not very " +"well documented yet. You may however find the following additional " +"references useful:" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:508 +msgid "" +"A extref:{handbook}[new section on journaling, geom-gjournal] is now part of " +"the FreeBSD Handbook." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:509 +msgid "" +"https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-June/064043." +"html[This post] in {freebsd-current} by man:gjournal[8]'s developer, `{pjd}`." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:510 +msgid "" +"https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2008-April/173501." +"html[This post] in {freebsd-questions} by `{ivoras}`." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: documentation/content/en/articles/gjournal-desktop/_index.adoc:510 +msgid "The manual pages of man:gjournal[8] and man:geom[8]." +msgstr "" |