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diff --git a/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/laptop/article.sgml b/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/laptop/article.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index b36463ee91..0000000000 --- a/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/laptop/article.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,179 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [ -<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN"> -%man; - -<!ENTITY % freebsd PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Miscellaneous FreeBSD Entities//EN"> -%freebsd; - -<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN"> -%authors; - -<!ENTITY % mailing-lists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//EN"> -%mailing-lists; -]> - -<article> - <articleinfo> - <title>FreeBSD on Laptops</title> - - <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate> - - <abstract> - <para>FreeBSD works fine on most laptops, with a few caveats. - Some issues specific to running FreeBSD on laptops, relating - to different hardware requirements from desktops, are - discussed below.</para> - </abstract> - </articleinfo> - - <para>FreeBSD is often thought of as a server operating system, but - it works just fine on the desktop, and if you want to use it on - your laptop you can enjoy all the usual benefits: systematic - layout, easy administration and upgrading, the ports/packages - system for adding software, and so on. (Its other benefits, - such as stability, network performance, and performance under - a heavy load, may not be obvious on a laptop, of course.) - However, installing it on laptops often involves problems which - are not encountered on desktop machines and are not commonly - discussed (laptops, even more than desktops, are fine-tuned for - Microsoft Windows). This article aims to discuss some of these - issues.</para> - - <sect1> - <title>XFree86</title> - - <para>Recent versions of XFree86 work with most display adapters - available on laptops these days. Acceleration may not be - supported, but a generic SVGA configuration should work.</para> - - <para>Check your laptop documentation for which card you have, - and check in the XFree86 documentation (or setup program) - to see whether it's specifically supported. If it's not, use - a generic device (don't go for a name which just looks - similar). In XFree86 version 4, you can try your luck - with the command <userinput>XFree86 -configure</userinput> - which auto-detects a lot of configurations.</para> - - <para>The problem often is configuring the monitor. Common - resources for XFree86 focus on CRT monitors; getting a - suitable modeline for an LCD display may be tricky. You may - be lucky and not need to specify a modeline, or just need to - specify suitable HorizSync and VertRefresh ranges. If that - doesn't work, the best option is to check web resources - devoted to configuring X on laptops (these are often - linux-oriented sites but it doesn't matter because both systems - use XFree86) and copy a modeline posted by someone for similar - hardware.</para> - - <para>Most laptops come with two buttons on their pointing - devices, which is rather problematic in X (since the middle - button is commonly used to paste text); you can map a - simultaneous left-right click in your X configuration to - a middle button click with the line -<programlisting> -Option "Emulate3Buttons" -</programlisting> - in the XF86Config file in the "InputDevice" section (for XFree86 - version 4; for version 3, put just the line "Emulate3Buttons", - without the quotes, in the "Pointer" section.) - </sect1> - - <sect1> - <title>Modems</title> - <para> - Laptops usually come with internal (on-board) modems. - Unfortunately, this almost always means they are "winmodems" whose - functionality is implemented in software, for which only windows - drivers are normally available (though a few drivers are beginning - to show up for other operating systems). Otherwise, you - need to buy an external modem: the most compact option is - probably a PC-Card (PCMCIA) modem, discussed below, but - serial or USB modems may be cheaper. Generally, regular - modems (non-winmodems) should work fine. - </para> - - </sect1> - - <sect1> - <title>PCMCIA (PC-card) devices</title> - - <para> Most laptops come with PCMCIA (also called PC-card) - slots; these are supported fine under FreeBSD. Look through - your boot-up messages (using dmesg) and see whether these were - detected correctly (they should appear as - <devicename>pccard0</devicename>, - <devicename>pccard1</devicename> etc on devices like - <devicename>pcic0</devicename>).</para> - - <para>FreeBSD currently supports 16-bit PCMCIA cards, but not - 32-bit ("CardBus") cards. A database of supported cards is in - the file <filename>/etc/defaults/pccard.conf</filename>. Look - through it, and preferably buy cards listed there. Cards not - listed may also work as "generic" devices: in particular most - modems (16-bit) should work fine, provided they're not - winmodems (these do exist even as PC-cards, so watch out). If - your card is recognised as a generic modem, note that the - default pccard.conf file specifies a delay time of 10 seconds - (to avoid freezes on certain modems); this may well be - over-cautious for your modem, so you may want to play with it, - reducing it or removing it totally.</para> - - <para>Some parts of pccard.conf may need editing. Check the irq - line, and be sure to remove any number already being used: in - particular, if you have an on board sound card, remove irq 5 - (otherwise you may experience hangs when you insert a card). - Check also the available memory slots; if your card is not - being detected, try changing it to one of the other allowed - values (listed in the man page &man.pccardc.8;). - </para> - - <para>If it's not running already, start the pccardd daemon. - (To enable it at boot time, add - <programlisting>pccardd_enable="YES"</programlisting> to - <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>). Now your cards should be - detected when you insert and remove them, and you should get - log messages about new devices being enabled.</para> - - <para>There have been major changes to the pccard code - (including ISA routing of interrupts, for machines whose - PCIBIOS FreeBSD can't seem to use) before the FreeBSD 4.4 - release. If you have problems, try upgrading your system. - - </sect1> - - <sect1> - - <title>Power management</title> - - <para>Unfortunately, this is not very reliably supported under - FreeBSD. If you're lucky, some functions may work reliably; - or they may not work at all.</para> - - <para>To enable this, you may need to compile a kernel with - power management support (<literal>device apm0</literal>) or - add an option to <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, and - also enable the apm daemon at boot time (line - <literal>apm_enable="YES"</literal> in - <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>). The apm commands are - listed in the &man.apm.8; manpage. For instance, - <command>apm -b</command> gives you battery status (or 255 if - not supported), <command>apm -Z</command> puts the laptop on - standby, <command>apm -z</command> (or zzz) suspends it. To - shutdown and power off the machine, use "shutdown -p". - Again, some or all of these functions may not work very well - or at all. You may find that laptop suspension/standby works - in console mode but not under X (that is, the screen doesn't - come on again; in that case, switch to a virtual console - (using Ctrl-Alt-F1 or another function key) and then execute - the apm command. - </para> - - <para>The X window system (XFree86) also includes display power - management (look at the &man.xset.1; man page, and search for - dpms there). You may want to investigate this. However, this, - too, works inconsistently on laptops: it - often turns off the display but doesn't turn off the - backlight.</para> - - </sect1> -</article> |