1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="koi8-r"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
<title>éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ FreeBSD/ia64 5.3-RELEASE</title>
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" />
<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content='text/html; charset="koi8-r"' />
</head>
<body class="ARTICLE" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"
alink="#0000FF">
<div class="ARTICLE">
<div class="TITLEPAGE">
<h1 class="TITLE"><a id="AEN2" name="AEN2">éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ FreeBSD/ia64
5.3-RELEASE</a></h1>
<h3 class="CORPAUTHOR">ðÒÏÅËÔ FreeBSD</h3>
<p class="COPYRIGHT">Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 ðÒÏÅËÔ
ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ FreeBSD</p>
<p class="PUBDATE">$FreeBSD: src/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/relnotes/common/new.sgml,v
1.6.2.5 2004/10/11 12:59:07 den Exp $<br />
</p>
<div>
<div class="ABSTRACT"><a id="AEN13" name="AEN13"></a>
<p>úÁÍÅÔËÉ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÄÌÑ FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÏÂÝÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍ,
×ÎÅÓÅÎÎÙÍ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ FreeBSD Ó ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ 5.2.1-RELEASE. üÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ
ÓÐÉÓÏË ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÐÉÓÏË
ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ, ×ÎÅÓÅÎÎÙÈ × ÑÄÒÏ É ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ FreeBSD.
ðÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ ËÒÁÔËÉÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="TOC">
<dl>
<dt><b>óÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÅ</b></dt>
<dt>1. <a href="#INTRO">÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2. <a href="#NEW">þÔÏ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.1. <a href="#SECURITY">óÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2. <a href="#KERNEL">éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÑÄÒÅ</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.2.1. <a href="#BOOT">éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.2. <a href="#PROC">ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.3. <a href="#NET-PROTO">óÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÙ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.4. <a href="#DISKS">äÉÓËÉ É ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.5. <a href="#FS">æÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ</a></dt>
<dt>2.2.6. <a href="#AEN925">óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>2.3. <a href="#USERLAND">éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ</a></dt>
<dd>
<dl>
<dt>2.3.1. <a href="#RC-SCRIPTS">óËÒÉÐÔÙ <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/rc.d</tt></a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>2.4. <a href="#CONTRIB">óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></dt>
<dt>2.5. <a href="#PORTS">éÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ×</a></dt>
<dt>2.6. <a href="#RELENG">ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× É ÉÎÔÅÇÒÁÃÉÑ</a></dt>
<dt>2.7. <a href="#DOC">äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ</a></dt>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>3. <a href="#UPGRADE">ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× FreeBSD</a></dt>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="INTRO" name="INTRO">1. ÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</a></h2>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE ÄÌÑ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÊ
ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ IA-64. ÷ ÎÅÍ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÎÅÄÁ×ÎÏ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ, ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÅ, ÉÌÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ
FreeBSD. ïÎ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
FreeBSD.</p>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ release. åÇÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/" target="_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a> ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÌÀÂÏÍ ÉÚ
ÚÅÒËÁÌ. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÜÔÏÇÏ (ÉÌÉ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ) release ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á
FreeBSD ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/mirrors.html"
target="_top">ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÉ ``ðÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÅ FreeBSD''</a> <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/" target="_top">òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á
FreeBSD</a>.</p>
<p>÷ÓÅÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÚÎÁËÏÍÉÔØÓÑ Ó ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÍÉ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ ÐÅÒÅÄ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ FreeBSD. ÷ ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ×ÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ ÓÁÍÁÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÑÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ, ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÁÑ ×
ÐÏÚÖÅ × ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ. ïÂÙÞÎÏ × ÎÅÍ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï
ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ, ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÈ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ É ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ. áËÔÕÁÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ
ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ ÄÌÑ FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ ×Å ÓÁÊÔÅ FreeBSD.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="NEW" name="NEW">2. þÔÏ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ</a></h2>
<p>÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ×ÉÄÉÍÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÉÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÅ Ó
5.2.1-RELEASE ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ FreeBSD. ëÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ, ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ ÚÄÅÓØ, ÕÎÉËÁÌØÎÙ ÄÌÑ
5-STABLE, ÅÓÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÎÉ ÎÅ ÐÏÍÅÞÅÎÙ ËÁË [MERGED].</p>
<p>ïÂÙÞÎÏ × ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ
ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅ 5.3-RELEASE, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÉÌÉ
ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÎÏ×ÙÈ ËÏÍÁÎÄ ÉÌÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË, ÉÌÉ
ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑÈ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÇÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ. ÷ ÎÅÍ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÔØÓÑ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ×ÁÖÎÅÊÛÉÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÉÌÉ ÐÒÁËÔÉËÉ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×. ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, × ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï
ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÎÅ ×ÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ Ï ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÉ, ÓÄÅÌÁÎÎÏÍ × FreeBSD ÍÅÖÄÕ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ; ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÆÏËÕÓÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÈ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÉÄÉÍÙÈ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÈ, É ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÎÙÈ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÑÈ.</p>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="SECURITY" name="SECURITY">2.1. óÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ</a></h3>
<p>éÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mksnap_ffs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mksnap_ffs</span>(8)</span></a>;
ÏÎÁ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÌÁ Ë ÓÂÒÁÓÙ×ÁÎÉÀ ÆÌÁÇÏ× ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ Ë ÉÈ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÀ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÐÒÉ
ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ ÓÎÉÍËÁ (ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ) ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. ÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÑ ÚÁ×ÉÓÑÔ ÏÔ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÎÏ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÉÀ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÓÐÉÓËÏ× ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ,
ÉÌÉ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ setuid ÂÉÔÁ ÎÁ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÁÈ, ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ
ÎÅÄÏ×ÅÒÑÅÍÏÊ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ. üÔÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÓÑ Ë ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÕ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">dump</span>(8)</span></a> <var
class="OPTION">-L</var>, ÇÄÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mksnap_ffs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mksnap_ffs</span>(8)</span></a>.
ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mksnap_ffs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mksnap_ffs</span>(8)</span></a>
ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ É ÞÌÅÎÁÍ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ <tt
class="GROUPNAME">operator</tt>. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ
ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:01.mksnap_ffs.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:01</a>.</p>
<p>éÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÅ System V Shared Memory (Á ÉÍÅÎÎÏ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÍ ×ÙÚÏ×Å <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=shmat&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">shmat</span>(2)</span></a>). üÔÁ
ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÌÁ Ë ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÉÀ ÓÅÇÍÅÎÔÁ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÏÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ × ÎÅ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÍ
ÕÞÁÓÔËÅ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ. üÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÁÔÁËÕÀÝÉÍ ÎÅÁ×ÔÏÒÉÚÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë
ÞÁÓÔÑÍ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ, Ó ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÅÍ ×ÁÖÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ÏÂÈÏÄÕ ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍÏ× ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ
ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ, ÉÌÉ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÊ. âÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ ×
ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:02.sh mat.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:02</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ËÏÄÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Á <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail_attach&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail_attach</span>(2)</span></a>.
üÔÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÕ Ó ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÑÍÉ ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ÓÒÅÄÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail</span>(8)</span></a> ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ
Ó×ÏÊ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ÎÁ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÓÒÅÄÙ jail, É ÔÁËÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ
ÐÏÌÎÙÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÎÁ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ É ÚÁÐÉÓØ Ë ÆÁÊÌÁÍ É ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁÍ ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ÜÔÏÇÏ jail. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:03.jail.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:03</a>.</p>
<p>ðÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÁÑ DoS ÁÔÁËÁ Ó ÎÉÚËÉÍ ÔÒÁÆÉËÏÍ ÎÁ TCP ÓÔÅË FreeBSD ÂÙÌÁ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÁ ÐÕÔÅÍ
ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÑ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á TCP ÓÅÇÍÅÎÔÏ× ×ÎÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ
ÏÂÓÌÕÖÉ×ÁÔØÓÑ. âÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:04.tcp.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:04</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × SSL/TLS ChangeCipherSpec ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ <b
class="APPLICATION">OpenSSL</b>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÍÏÇÌÁ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÀ ÎÕÌÅ×ÏÇÏ ÕËÁÚÁÔÅÌÑ.
ïÎÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÁÔÁËÕÀÝÅÊ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÅ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ ËÒÁÈ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÈ <b
class="APPLICATION">OpenSSL</b>, É ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÏÔËÁÚÕ × ÏÂÓÌÕÖÉ×ÁÎÉÉ (DoS). âÏÌÅÅ
ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:05.openssl.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:05</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ËÏÄÅ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÉ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÓÏËÅÔÁ IPv6 × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÍ
×ÙÚÏ×Å <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=setsockopt&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">setsockopt</span>(2)</span></a>.
ïÎÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÁ ÁÔÁËÕÀÝÅÍÕ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÕÀ ÐÁÎÉËÕ, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÇÌÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÔØ
ÎÅÁ×ÔÏÒÉÚÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÞÁÓÔÑÍ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ, ÞÔÏ ÍÏÇÌÏ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÀ ×ÁÖÎÏÊ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ÏÂÈÏÄÕ ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍÏ× ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ, ÉÌÉ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÊ. âÏÌÅÅ
ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:06.ipv6.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:06</a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ä×Å ÏÛÉÂËÉ × ËÏÄÅ <b class="APPLICATION">CVS</b>. ïÎÉ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÉ
ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ËÌÉÅÎÔÁ, Á ËÌÉÅÎÔÕ ÞÉÔÁÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÁ
ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÅ ÐÒÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÍ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅ Ë CVS ÒÅÐÏÚÉÔÏÒÉÑÍ. âÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ
ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:07.cvs.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:07</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>÷ÎÅÓÅÎÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ × <b class="APPLICATION">Heimdal</b>, ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÝÅÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÕ,
×ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÎÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÌÁÓØ ÁÄÅË×ÁÔÎÁÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÁÕÔÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ ÍÅÖÄÕ Á×ÔÏÎÏÍÎÙÍÉ
realm. âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:08.heimdal.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:08</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <b class="APPLICATION">CVS</b>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑ×ÛÁÑ
ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ ËÌÉÅÎÔÕ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÕÞÁÓÔËÉ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ
ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:10.cvs.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:10</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÁÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ Ó ÃÅÌÏÓÔÎÏÓÔØÀ ËÜÛÁ × ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ
×ÙÚÏ×Á <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=msync&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">msync</span>(2)</span></a>,
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÅÊ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÀ <var class="LITERAL">MS_INVALIDATE</var>. ïÄÎÁËÏ, × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å
ÐÏÂÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÜÆÆÅËÔÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ÆÌÁÇ <var
class="LITERAL">MS_INVALIDATE</var> ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÅ ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÒÕÅÔ ×ÙÇÒÕÚËÕ ÉÚ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ.
ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÔÁÒÁÑ ÓÅÍÁÎÔÉËÁ <var
class="LITERAL">MS_INVALIDATE</var>, ÍÏÇÕÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">vm.old_msync</var>, ÅÓÌÉ ÉÈ ÎÅ ÂÅÓÐÏËÏÉÔ ÄÁÎÎÁÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ. úÁ
ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:11.msync.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:11</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÍ ×ÙÚÏ×Å <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail</span>(2)</span></a>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ
ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÌÁ Ë ÏÛÉÂËÅ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÐÏÐÙÔËÉ ÍÁÎÉÐÕÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÁÍÉ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÉÚ jail. úÁ
ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:12.jail.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:12</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÉ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ×ÙÚÏ×Ï× Linux,
×ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÍÏÇ ÓÔÁÔØ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÏÂÌÁÓÔÑÍ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÂÅÚ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ
ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:13.linux.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:13</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>íÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË × <b class="APPLICATION">CVS</b>, ÍÏÇÕÝÉÈ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë
ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, DoS, ÉÌÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÏÄÁ, ÂÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÐÕÔÅÍ
ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏ <b class="APPLICATION">CVS</b> 1.11.17. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ
ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:14.cvs.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:14</a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>ïÛÉÂËÁ × <var class="LITERAL">CONS_SCRSHOT</var> <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ioctl&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ioctl</span>(2)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ; ÏÎÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÎÅÁ×ÔÏÒÉÚÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë ÏÂÌÁÓÔÑÍ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ
ÑÄÒÁ Ó ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÅÍ ËÒÉÔÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ÐÒÏÐÕÓËÕ ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍÏ× ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ,
ÉÌÉ Ë ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÐÏ×ÙÛÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÊ. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ
ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ <a
href="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:15.syscons.asc"
target="_top">FreeBSD-SA-04:15</a>. [MERGED]</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="KERNEL" name="KERNEL">2.2. éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÑÄÒÅ</a></h3>
<p><var class="LITERAL">ADAPTIVE_MUTEXES</var> ÂÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ É ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.
üÔÏ ÍÅÎÑÅÔ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÂÌÏËÉÒÕÀÝÉÈ ÍØÀÔÅËÓÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÀÔÓÑ, ÅÓÌÉ ÐÏÔÏË, ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ
ÐÒÉÎÁÄÌÅÖÉÔ ÍØÀÔÅËÓ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÏÍ. üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÏ
ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ÑÄÒÁ <var class="VARNAME">NO_ADAPTIVE_MUTEXES</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ <var class="VARNAME">ADAPTIVE_GIANT</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ
ÁÄÁÐÔÉ×ÎÏÓÔØ Giant ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ ÐÒÉ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÉ ÁÄÁÐÔÉ×ÎÏÓÔÉ ÍØÀÔÅËÓÏ×. üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÙÛÁÅÔ
ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ SMP ÓÉÓÔÅÍ É ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÏ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÁ i386.</p>
<p>éÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bus_dma&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">bus_dma</span>(9)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÏÚÒÁÞÎÏ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ×ÙÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÎÉÅ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÇÒÁÎÉÃ × ÔÅÇÅ DMA ÐÒÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ
ÂÕÆÅÒÏ×, É <code class="FUNCTION">bus_dmamap_load()</code> ÂÕÄÅÔ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÂÒÏÓ ÂÕÆÅÒÏ× ËÏÇÄÁ ÜÔÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ. ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÂÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÁÂÏÒ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ sysctl <var class="VARNAME">hw.busdma.*</var> ÄÌÑ ÓÔÁÔÉÓÔÉËÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bus_dma&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">bus_dma</span>(9)</span></a>.</p>
<p>æÕÎËÃÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=contigmalloc&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">contigmalloc</span>(9)</span></a>
ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎÁ Ó ÎÏ×ÙÍ ÁÌÇÏÒÉÔÍÏÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÅÒØÅÚÎÏ ÐÏ×ÙÛÁÅÔ ÎÁÄÅÖÎÏÓÔØ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÓÏËÏÊ
ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÅ. óÔÁÒÙÊ ÁÌÇÏÒÉÔÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">vm.old_contigmalloc</var>. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÁ
ÓÏ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=contigmalloc&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">contigmalloc</span>(9)</span></a>.</p>
<p>ðÒÁ×ÉÌÁ path <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">devfs</span>(5)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÔ Ó ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁÍÉ.</p>
<p>API <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getvfsent&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">getvfsent</span>(3)</span></a> ÂÙÌ
ÕÄÁÌÅÎ.</p>
<p>ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <var class="VARNAME">hw.pci.allow_unsupported_io_range</var>
ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail</span>(2)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ raw ÓÏËÅÔÏ× ÉÚÎÕÔÒÉ jail. üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ É ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">security.jail.allow_raw_sockets</var>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kqueue&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">kqueue</span>(2)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÆÉÌØÔÒ <var class="LITERAL">EVFILT_FS</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ
ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ× ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ × ÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ. îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ
ÓÉÇÎÁÌÉÚÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ ÓÏÂÙÔÉÑ mount, unmount É up/down ÓÔÁÔÕÓ NFS.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ, KDB. ïÎÁ ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ÉÚ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ GDB,
ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÐÏÔÏËÏ×, run-length encoding compression, É ÔÁË
ÄÁÌÅÅ, É ×ÎÅÛÎÉÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ, × ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÅ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ
ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ, É ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÓÅÒ×ÉÓÙ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍ. âÙÌÉ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÙ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>KDB ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÑÄÒÁ <var class="LITERAL">options KDB</var>,
<var class="LITERAL">options GDB</var>, É <var class="LITERAL">options DDB</var>. <var
class="LITERAL">DDB</var> É <var class="LITERAL">GDB</var> ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔ, ËÁËÉÅ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
KDB ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><var class="LITERAL">WITNESS_DDB</var> ÂÙÌ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎ × <var
class="LITERAL">WITNESS_KDB</var>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><var class="LITERAL">DDB_TRACE</var> ÂÙÌ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎ × <var
class="LITERAL">KDB_TRACE</var>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><var class="LITERAL">DDB_UNATTENDED</var> ÂÙÌ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎ × <var
class="LITERAL">KDB_UNATTENDED</var>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><var class="LITERAL">SC_HISTORY_DDBKEY</var> ÂÙÌ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎ × <var
class="LITERAL">SC_HISTORY_KDBKEY</var>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><var class="LITERAL">DDB_NOKLDSYM</var> ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ. îÏ×ÁÑ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ DDB ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
pre-linker symbol lookups, ÔÁË ÖÅ ËÁË É KLD symbol lookups ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><var class="LITERAL">GDB_REMOTE_CHAT</var> ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ. üÔÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ GDB ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÁ
ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÏ ÄÌÑ FreeBSD. ÷ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÔÅÍ × ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÅ GDB ÅÓÔØ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ÄÌÑ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÎÁ
ËÏÎÓÏÌØ.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>KDB ÄÁÅÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÅÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÄÌÑ ÌÀÂÏÇÏ É ×ÓÅÇÏ ËÏÄÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ
ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË ×ÈÏÄ × ÏÔÌÁÄÞÉË ÉÌÉ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÁ
ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×ÎÏÊ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÑ. äÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÃÅÌÅÊ ×ÎÅÛÎÉÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ ÂÙÌ ÓÄÅÌÁÎ
ÎÅ ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙÍ. ÷ÓÅ ÏÔÌÁÄÏÞÎÙÅ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÙ ÐÅÒÅÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÉÌÉ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ
ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ. ÷ÙÂÏÒ ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">debug.kdb.current</var>. óÐÉÓÏË ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × <var
class="VARNAME">debug.kdb.available</var>. ÷ ÏÔÌÁÄÞÉË ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÊÔÉ, ÚÁÐÉÓÁ× × sysctl
<var class="VARNAME">debug.kdb.enter</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ sysctl <var class="VARNAME">debug.kdb.stop_cpus</var>.
ïÎÁ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔ, ÂÕÄÕÔ ÉÌÉ ÎÅÔ IPI (Inter Processor Interrupts) ÄÌÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ CPU ÐÅÒÅÄÁÎÙ
ÐÒÉ ×ÈÏÄÅ × ÏÔÌÁÄÞÉË, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÉÈ × ÏÔÌÁÄÞÉËÅ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ, <var class="LITERAL">MAC_STATIC</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ
ÏÔËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÀÀ ÓÉÎÈÒÏÎÉÚÁÃÉÀ MAC Framework, ÚÁÝÉÝÁÑ ÏÔ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ É
×ÙÇÒÕÚËÉ ÐÏÌÉÔÉË MAC.</p>
<p>ðÏÌÉÔÉËÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mac_bsdextended&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">mac_bsdextended</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ É ÐÒÉÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÅÒ×ÏÇÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ ÉÚ ×ÓÅÈ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌ. üÔÁ
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">mac_bsdextended_firstmatch_enabled</var>.</p>
<p>ðÏÌÉÔÉËÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mac_bsdextended&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">mac_bsdextended</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ
ÎÅÕÄÁÞÎÙÅ ÐÏÐÙÔËÉ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × syslog <var class="LITERAL">AUTHPRIV</var>. üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">mac_bsdextended_logging</var>.</p>
<p>mballoc ÂÙÌ ÚÁÍÅÝÅÎ ÎÁ mbuma, Mbuf É Cluster ÁÌÌÏËÁÔÏÒÙ ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÙ ÎÁ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Å
ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÊ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÙ UMA. ÷ Ó×ÑÚÉ Ó ÜÔÉÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅÍ, ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ <var
class="LITERAL">NMBCLUSTERS</var> ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ. íÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÏÅ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï
ËÌÁÓÔÅÒÏ× ÐÏ ÐÒÅÖÎÅÍÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó <var
class="LITERAL">maxusers</var>, ÎÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ ÎÅÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÎÙÍ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <var class="VARNAME">kern.ipc.nmbclusters</var> × ÎÕÌØ.</p>
<p><tt class="FILENAME">/dev/kmem</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/mem</tt>, É <tt
class="FILENAME">/dev/io</tt> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ × ×ÉÄÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÍÙÈ ÍÏÄÕÌÅÊ
ÑÄÒÁ.</p>
<p>ïÛÉÂËÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mmap&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mmap</span>(2)</span></a>,
×ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ, ÐÏÍÅÞÅÎÎÙÅ ËÁË <var class="LITERAL">PROT_NONE</var>, ÍÏÇÌÉ
ÓÔÁÔØ ÞÉÔÁÅÍÙÍÉ ÐÒÉ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÑÈ, ÂÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>îÏ×ÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <var class="VARNAME">debug.mpsafenet</var> ÂÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ
É ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ïÎÁ ÏÔËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÕ Giant ÐÒÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÅ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÇÏ ÓÔÅËÁ
FreeBSD, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ÐÏ×ÙÛÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÚÁ ÓÞÅÔ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÑ ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ É
ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÉÑ ÚÁÄÅÒÖÅË ÐÒÉ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÑÈ. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÕÚÌÁ
Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_tty&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_tty</span>(4)</span></a>, KAME
IPsec, É ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ IPX/SPX ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÀ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÊ Ó Giant, ÉÌÉ Ë
ÐÏÑ×ÌÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÉ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ ÜÔÉÈ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÏ×, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÄÌÑ
ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÉÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÁ Giant.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ, <var class="VARNAME">NET_WITH_GIANT</var>. ïÎ
×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ debug.mpsafenet ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ (<var class="LITERAL">0</var>), É
ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ, ÓÏÂÒÁÎÎÙÈ Ó ÎÅÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÙÍÉ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÁÍÉ, ÉÌÉ
ÔÁÍ, ÇÄÅ ÖÅÌÁÔÅÌØÎÁ ÂÏÌÅÅ ËÏÎÓÅÒ×ÁÔÉ×ÎÁÑ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ.</p>
<p>÷ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï dev sysctl ÂÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ devclass ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÏ ËÌÁÓÓÁÍ
ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×, × ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ Ë ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÍ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÍ. üÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ <var
class="VARNAME">dev.foo0.bar</var> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ <var
class="VARNAME">dev.foo.0.bar</var>, É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÅ <var
class="VARNAME">dev.foo.bar</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ sysctl, <var
class="VARNAME">kern.always_console_output</var>. ïÎÁ ÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ×Ù×ÏÄ ÑÄÒÁ ÎÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ
ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ ÏÔ <var class="VARNAME">TIOCCONS</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ sysctl <var class="VARNAME">kern.sched.name</var>, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ
ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÉÍÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÏÇÏ ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉËÁ, É ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ <var
class="VARNAME">kern.quantum</var> ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÝÅÎÁ × <var
class="VARNAME">kern.sched.quantum</var>.</p>
<p>ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÏ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÒÅÓÕÒÓÁÍÉ É ÜÎÅÒÇÏÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÅÎÉÅÍ ÛÉÎÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pci&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pci</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> èÏÔÑ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅÍ ÜÎÅÒÇÏÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÅÎÉÑ × ÛÉÎÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pci&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pci</span>(4)</span></a> ÂÙÌÏ
×ËÌÀÞÅÎÏ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÜÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÍ ÎÁ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ. ïÎÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÂÙÔØ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÏ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <var class="VARNAME">hw.pci.do_powerstate</var>
× <var class="LITERAL">0</var>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p>ðÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉË ULE ÂÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉËÁ. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ
×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ × ÑÄÒÅ <tt
class="FILENAME">GENERIC</tt> ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÒÁÄÉÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ 4BSD. äÌÑ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÁËÔÉ×ÎÏÓÔØ ×ÏÚÒÏÓÌÁ ×Ï ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ. üÔÏ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ ÍÅÎØÛÅÅ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï
``ÐÒÏÐÕÓËÏ×'' É ``ÒÙ×ËÏ×'' × ÉÎÔÅÒÁËÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑÈ, ËÏÇÄÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ ÓÉÌØÎÏ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎ.
üÔÏ ÎÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ Ó ÐÅÒÅÇÒÕÖÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÄÉÓËÏ×ÙÍÉ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍ, ÎÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÍÏÞØ ÐÒÉ
ÐÅÒÅÇÒÕÖÅÎÎÙÈ CPU. îÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÈ Ó SMP, ULE ÒÅÁÌÉÚÕÅÔ ÏÞÅÒÅÄÉ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ CPU, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÑ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ CPU affinity, CPU binding, É ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÕÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ HyperThreading, Á ÔÁËÖÅ
ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÏÓÎÏ×Õ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÉÈ ÏÐÔÉÍÉÚÁÃÉÊ × ÂÕÄÕÝÅÍ. ðÒÉ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÅÎÉÉ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ
fine-grained kernel locking, ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉË ÓÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÅ
ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÅ ÒÅÓÕÒÓÙ.</p>
<p>ìÉÎÅÊÎÙÊ ÁÌÇÏÒÉÔÍ ÐÏÉÓËÁ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×Á×ÛÉÊÓÑ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vm_map_findspace&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">vm_map_findspace</span>(9)</span></a>, ÂÙÌ ÚÁÍÅÝÅÎ ÎÁ ÁÌÇÏÒÉÔÍ
O(log n), ÓÔÒÏÑÝÉÊ ËÁÒÔÕ × ×ÉÄÅ ÄÅÒÅ×Á. ïÎ ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÓÎÉÖÁÅÔ ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÕ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vm_map_findspace&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">vm_map_findspace</span>(9)</span></a> ÄÌÑ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mmap&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mmap</span>(2)</span></a> ×Ï
ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÓÏÔÎÑÈ ÉÌÉ ÔÙÓÑÞÁÈ ×ÈÏÖÄÅÎÉÊ.</p>
<p>ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <var class="VARNAME">debug.witness_*</var> ÂÙÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÙ ×
<var class="VARNAME">debug.witness.*</var>.</p>
<p>äÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉÊ É ÓÔÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÌÉÎËÏ×ÝÉË FreeBSD ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ Thread Local Storage
(TLS), ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ <b class="APPLICATION">GCC</b> ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÔØ ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒ <var
class="LITERAL">__thread</var> Ë ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÀ ÇÌÏÂÁÌØÎÙÈ É ÓÔÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ. üÔÏÔ
ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÍÏÄÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÐÏ ÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÀ Ë
ÐÏÔÏËÕ; ÏÄÉÎ ÐÏÔÏË, ÉÚÍÅÎÑÀÝÉÊ ÜÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ, ÎÅ ÐÏ×ÌÉÑÅÔ ÎÁ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ × ÌÀÂÏÍ
ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ÐÏÔÏËÅ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ËÏÄ ÑÄÒÁ, ×ÙÄÅÌÑÀÝÉÊ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÄÅÓËÒÉÐÔÏÒÙ, É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎ ÚÁÉÍÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎ ÉÚ
ËÏÄÁ OpenBSD.</p>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="BOOT" name="BOOT">2.2.1. éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÅ</a></h4>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="PROC" name="PROC">2.2.2. ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ</a></h4>
<p>äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpi_video&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">acpi_video</span>(4)</span></a>
ÄÌÑ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÜËÒÁÎÏ× É ÆÏÎÏ×ÏÊ ÑÒËÏÓÔØÀ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ
×ÉÄÅÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÊ ACPI.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nmdm&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nmdm</span>(4)</span></a> ÂÙÌ
ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎ ÄÌÑ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎÉÑ ÎÁÄÅÖÎÏÓÔÉ.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <tt class="DEVICENAME">raid(4)</tt> (ÄÉÓË RAIDframe ÉÚ NetBSD) ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ. ÷
ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÏÎ ÎÅ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌÅÎ, É ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÏÂßÅÍÁ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ, ÞÔÏÂÙ
ÓÔÁÔØ ÒÁÂÏÔÏÓÐÏÓÏÂÎÙÍ ÐÏÄ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> API ×
5-CURRENT.</p>
<p>úÁÐÉÓØ ÄÌÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pcic&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pcic</span>(4)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÁ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ ÑÄÒÁ <tt class="FILENAME">GENERIC</tt>, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ
ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ. üÔÁ ÚÁÐÉÓØ ÂÙÌÁ ÚÁËÏÍÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ × ÔÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÉÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ
×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ubser&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ubser</span>(4)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÈ Ó ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÁÄÁÐÔÅÒÏ× BWCT.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ucycom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ucycom</span>(4)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÓÅÍÅÊÓÔ×Á ÍÏÓÔÏ× USB Ë RS232 Cypress CY7C637xx É CY7C640/1xx, ÏÄÉÎ ÉÚ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ × DeLorme Earthmate USB GPS ÐÒÉÅÍÎÉËÅ (ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ É Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÅÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÍ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÍ ÜÔÉÍ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏÍ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÏÍ ÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ). üÔÏÔ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÎÅ ÐÏÌÏÎ,
ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ × ÎÅÍ ÅÝÅ ÎÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ É ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÐÏÔÏËÁ.</p>
<p>éÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× (ËÁË É ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ) ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ. óÒÅÄÉ
ÐÒÏÞÉÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ: ÅÝÅ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ×ÙÄÅÌÑÅÍÙÅ ÇÌÁ×ÎÙÅ
(major) ÎÏÍÅÒÁ (×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ÓÔÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÇÌÁ×ÎÙÈ ÎÏÍÅÒÏ×). òÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÙ ÆÕÎËÃÉÉ ÐÏ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÅ ËÌÏÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÓÅ×ÄÏ-ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×. îÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × API ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ×, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ
ÎÏ×ÏÅ ÐÏÌÅ <var class="VARNAME">d_version</var> × <var class="VARNAME">struct
cdevsw</var>. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÉÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÀÔ
ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ.</p>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="MM" name="MM">2.2.2.1. ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÍÕÌØÔÉÍÅÄÉÁ</a></h5>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <tt class="DEVICENAME">meteor</tt> (×ÉÄÅÏÚÁÈ×ÁÔ) ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ ×ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ
ÎÅÒÁÂÏÔÏÓÐÏÓÏÂÎÏÓÔÉ É ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÉÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ.</p>
<p>ëÏÄ Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÉÚ ÄÅÒÅ×Á CVS DRI Project ÏÔ 26 ÍÁÑ
2004 ÇÏÄÁ. üÔÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÎÏ×ÙÅ PCI ID É ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÐÁËÅÔ ÄÌÑ Radeon.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ Ú×ÕËÏ×ÙÈ ËÁÒÔ ÂÙÌÉ ÒÅÏÒÇÁÎÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ; <var class="LITERAL">device
sound</var> ÜÔÏ ÏÂÝÉÊ Ú×ÕËÏ×ÏÊ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ, Á <var class="LITERAL">device snd_*</var> ÜÔÏ
Ú×ÕËÏ×ÙÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×. äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <tt class="DEVICENAME">midi</tt>, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ
ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ É ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ Ú×ÕËÏ×ÙÈ ËÁÒÔ, ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÓÔÉ
ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÈ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ: <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sound&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sound</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_ad1816&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_ad1816</span>(4)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_als4000&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_als4000</span>(4)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_cmi&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_cmi</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_cs4281&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_cs4281</span>(4)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_csa&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_csa</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_ds1&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_ds1</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_emu10k1&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_emu10k1</span>(4)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_es137x&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_es137x</span>(4)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_gusc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_gusc</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_maestro3&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_maestro3</span>(4)</span></a>,
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_sbc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_sbc</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_solo&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_solo</span>(4)</span></a>, É
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snd_uaudio&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">snd_uaudio</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sound&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sound</span>(4)</span></a> (ÂÙ×ÛÉÊ
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pcm&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pcm</span>(4)</span></a>) ÂÙÌ
ÍÏÄÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ÄÌÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ <tt class="FILENAME">/boot/device.hints</tt> ÐÒÉ ÚÁÐÕÓËÅ, ÞÔÏÂÙ
×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ËÁÎÁÌÏ× mixer ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ × <tt
class="FILENAME">/boot/device.hints</tt> ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÍÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ <var
class="LITERAL">pcm</var>. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ É ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ
ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sound&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sound</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="NET-IF" name="NET-IF">2.2.2.2. ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ
ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ×</a></h5>
<p>âÙÌÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÏ ËÒÁÔËÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a> ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ
ÐÅÒÅÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fwip&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fwip</span>(4)</span></a>,
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ IP ÞÅÒÅÚ FireWire. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÎÏÍÅÒ
ÛÉÒÏËÏ×ÅÝÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÁÎÁÌÁ ÖÅÓÔËÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ É MCAP ÄÌÑ ÛÉÒÏËÏ×ÅÝÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ
ËÁÎÁÌÏ× ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ. üÔÏÔ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÑ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÁÍ RFC 2734
É RFC 3146 IP ÞÅÒÅÚ FireWire É ÓÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÅÍ ÚÁÍÅÎÉÔ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fwe&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fwe</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× sysctl, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <var class="VARNAME">dev.fxp0</var>, É ÜÔÉ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ sysctl ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÒÅÁÌØÎÙÊ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÎÁÄ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØÀ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÈ ÆÒÅÊÍÏ× Ethernet,
ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÅÍÙÊ ËÁË <var class="LITERAL">VLAN_MTU</var>. ïÎÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÁÔØÓÑ ÉÚ
ÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÓÔ×Á ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁÍÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a> <var
class="OPTION">vlanmtu</var> É <var class="OPTION">-vlanmtu</var>.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hme&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">hme</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÄÌÉÎÎÙÅ ÆÒÅÊÍÙ, É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÄÌÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vlan&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vlan</span>(4)</span></a> Ó ÐÏÌÎÙÍ
ÒÁÚÍÅÒÏÍ Ethernet MTU.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hme&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">hme</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ TCP/UDP Transmit/Receive ÒÁÚÇÒÕÚËÕ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÕÍÍÙ (checksum offload) ÎÁ
ÐÒÉÅÍ/ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÕ. ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hme&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">hme</span>(4)</span></a> ÎÅ
ËÏÍÐÅÎÓÉÒÕÅÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÕÀ ÓÕÍÍÕ ÄÌÑ UDP ÄÅÊÔÁÇÒÁÍÍÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÔØ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ <var
class="LITERAL">0x0</var>, UDP ÒÁÚÇÒÕÚËÁ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÕÍÍÙ ÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÕ ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ïÎÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ <var
class="OPTION">link0</var> ÞÅÒÅÚ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ixgb&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ixgb</span>(4)</span></a>,
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ËÁÒÔÙ Intel PRO/10GBE 10 Gigabit Ethernet. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nge&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nge</span>(4)</span></a>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ
ÄÅÌÁÌÁ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ VLAN. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÏÛÉÂÏË, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=polling&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">polling</span>(4)</span></a> ×
ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rl</span>(4)</span></a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÏÛÉÂÏË, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÈÓÑ Ë ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÅ multicast É promiscuous
ÒÅÖÉÍÏ× × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sk&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sk</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ste&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ste</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=polling&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">polling</span>(4)</span></a>.
[MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=udav&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">udav</span>(4)</span></a>. ïÎ
ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ USB Ethernet ÁÄÁÐÔÅÒÏ×, ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ Davicom DM9601 ÞÉÐÓÅÔÅ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vge&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vge</span>(4)</span></a>,
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÞÉÐ VIA Networking Technologies VT6122 Gigabit Ethernet É ÉÎÔÅÇÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ
10/100/1000 copper PHY.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vr&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vr</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=polling&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">polling</span>(4)</span></a>.
[MERGED]</p>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÊ TX ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÏÊ ÓÕÍÍÙ × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">xl</span>(4)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÁ,
ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎÁ ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÌÁ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ É ÕÍÅÎØÛÁÌÁ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÍÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=polling&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">polling</span>(4)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÎÏ. óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=polling&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">polling</span>(4)</span></a>: <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">dc</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ixgb&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ixgb</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nge&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nge</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=re&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">re</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rl</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sis&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sis</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ste&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ste</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vge&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vge</span>(4)</span></a>, É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vr&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vr</span>(4)</span></a>. üÔÁ
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÔØÓÑ ÞÅÒÅÚ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a> (ÚÁ
ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ixgb&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ixgb</span>(4)</span></a>).
[MERGED]</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="NET-PROTO" name="NET-PROTO">2.2.3. óÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÙ</a></h4>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÔÕÎÎÅÌÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gre&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">gre</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ WCCP ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 2.</p>
<p>ðÒÁ×ÉÌÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="LITERAL">versrcreach</var>, ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÑ ×
ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÉÚÁÔÏÒÁ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÁ Ë ÁÄÒÅÓÕ ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÁ ÐÁËÅÔÁ. üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ
ÏÞÅÎØ ÐÏÌÅÚÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÉÚÁÔÏÒÏ× Ó ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ Ï ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÁÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ ×
ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÉÚÁÃÉÉ (BGP) ÄÌÑ ÏÔÂÒÁÓÙ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× Ó ÐÏÄÄÅÌÁÎÎÙÍÉ ÉÌÉ
ÎÅÍÁÒÛÔÕÔÉÚÉÒÕÅÍÙÍÉ ÁÄÒÅÓÁÍÉ ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÏ×. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ,</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
deny ip from any to any not versrcreach
</pre>
ÜÔÏ ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ × ÓÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓÅ Cisco IOS:
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
ip verify unicast source reachable-via any
</pre>
<br />
<br />
<p>ðÒÁ×ÉÌÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="LITERAL">antispoof</var>, ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÁÄÒÅÓÁ ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÁ
×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÎÁ ÐÒÉÎÁÄÌÅÖÎÏÓÔØ Ë ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÅÔÉ. åÓÌÉ ÓÅÔØ
ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ, ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ÐÁËÅÔ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÕ, Ó
ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÏÎ ÐÒÉÛÅÌ. ëÏÇÄÁ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ É ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÊ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ ÎÅ
ÓÏ×ÐÁÄÁÀÔ, ÐÁËÅÔ ÎÅ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÕ. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
deny ip from any to any not antispoof in
</pre>
<br />
<br />
<p>ðÒÁ×ÉÌÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="LITERAL">jail</var>, ÄÌÑ ÁÓÓÏÃÉÁÃÉÉ ÓÏ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÅÓËÉÍ
ID. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</p>
<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
count ip from any to any jail 2
</pre>
éÍÅÊÔÅ ××ÉÄÕ, ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ ÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ë TCP É UDP ÐÁËÅÔÁÍ.
<br />
<br />
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÙ ÁÄÒÅÓÏ× (lookup tables), ÐÏÌÅÚÎÙÅ ÐÒÉ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÅ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×
ÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÁÄÒÅÓÏ×. [MERGED]</p>
<p>ðÒÁ×ÉÌÏ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">forward</var> ÂÙÌÏ ×ÓÔÒÏÅÎÏ × ÑÄÒÏ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ <var
class="LITERAL">IPFIREWALL_FORWARD</var>.</p>
<p>îÏ×ÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ sysctl <var class="VARNAME">net.inet.ip.process_options</var> ÄÌÑ
ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× IP. ðÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ × <var
class="LITERAL">0</var> ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ IP ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ É ÐÅÒÅÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÍÉ, ÐÒÉ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ × <var class="LITERAL">1</var> ×ÓÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ IP ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ (ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ), Á ÐÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ × <var class="LITERAL">2</var> ×ÓÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ Ó ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁÍÉ IP
ÏÔÂÒÁÓÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ Ó ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅÍ ICMP filter prohibited.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÛÉÂËÉ × ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ IPsec ÏÔ KAME Project. üÔÉ ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÂÙÌÉ
Ó×ÑÚÁÎÙ Ó ÏÓ×ÏÂÏÖÄÅÎÉÅÍ ÏÂßÅËÔÏ× ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ×ÓÅ ÓÓÙÌËÉ ÎÁ ÜÔÉ ÏÂßÅËÔÙ ÂÙÌÉ
ÕÄÁÌÅÎÙ, ÏÎÉ ÍÏÇÌÉ ÓÔÁÔØ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ÐÁÎÉËÉ ÑÄÒÁ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÏÞÉÓÔËÉ
Security Policy Database (SPD).</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=natd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">natd</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÜËÚÅÍÐÌÑÒÏ× ÞÅÒÅÚ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var
class="OPTION">globalports</var>. ïÎ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=natd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">natd</span>(8)</span></a> ÐÒÉ×ÑÚËÕ
Ë ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÍ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÍ É ÒÁÓÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÉ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÔÉÐ ÕÚÌÁ Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_atmllc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_atmllc</span>(4)</span></a>,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ Ó RFC 1483 ATM LLC ÉÎËÁÐÓÕÌÑÃÉÅÊ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÔÉÐ ÕÚÌÁ Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_hub&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_hub</span>(4)</span></a>,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÓÔÕÀ ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÕ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× É ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ËÁË ËÏÎÃÅÎÔÒÁÔÏÒ Ethernet.
[MERGED]</p>
<p>ôÉÐ ÕÚÌÁ Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_rfc1490&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_rfc1490</span>(4)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎËÁÐÓÕÌÑÃÉÀ × ÓÔÉÌÅ Cisco, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó RFC
1490 × ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑÈ frame relay.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÔÉÐ ÕÚÌÁ Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_sppp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_sppp</span>(4)</span></a>,
Ñ×ÌÑÀÝÉÊÓÑ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏÍ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netgraph&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">netgraph</span>(4)</span></a> Ë
ÏÒÉÇÉÎÁÌØÎÏÍÕ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÍÕ ÍÏÄÕÌÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sppp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sppp</span>(4)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÓÉÎÈÒÏÎÎÙÈ ÌÉÎÉÊ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÍÅÔÏÄ Netgraph, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ, ÐÏÔÅÒÑÎÎÏÇÏ
ÐÒÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÉ ÓÔÉÌÑ ÕÚÌÏ× Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_tee&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_tee</span>(4)</span></a> Ó
4.<var class="REPLACEABLE">X</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÔÉÐ ÕÚÌÁ Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_vlan&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_vlan</span>(4)</span></a>,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging. [MERGED]</p>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ <var class="LITERAL">PFIL_HOOKS</var> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÏ ×ÓÔÒÏÅÎÁ × ÑÄÒÏ, É
ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÑÄÒÁ ÂÙÌÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÙ. ÷ÓÅ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÆÉÌØÔÒÁÃÉÉ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×,
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÅ FreeBSD, ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ <var
class="LITERAL">PFIL_HOOKS</var>.</p>
<p>÷ ÓÏËÅÔ ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÂÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ Õ×ÅÄÏÍÌÅÎÉÑ Ï ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÉ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÑ
ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ Ethernet.</p>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ Link Quality Monitoring (LQM) × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ppp&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ppp</span>(8)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎÁ ÚÁÎÏ×Ï. LQM, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÊ × RFC 1989, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ PPP ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÔØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï
ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÅÇÏ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>ëÌÏÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÐÓÅ×ÄÏ-ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× ÂÙÌÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ
ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=stf&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">stf</span>(4)</span></a> Ó ÉÍÅÎÁÍÉ
<tt class="DEVICENAME">stf0</tt>, <tt class="DEVICENAME">stf</tt>, ÉÌÉ <tt
class="DEVICENAME">6to4</tt>. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏ ÎÁÒÕÛÁÅÔ ÏÂÒÁÔÎÕÀ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔØ;
ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÔÅÐÅÒØ <tt class="COMMAND">ifconfig stf</tt> ÓÏÚÄÁÓÔ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ <tt
class="DEVICENAME">stf</tt>, Á ÎÅ <tt class="DEVICENAME">stf0</tt>, É ÎÅ ×Ù×ÅÄÅÔ <tt
class="DEVICENAME">stf0</tt> ÎÁ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.</p>
<p>óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ TCP ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ: RFC 3042 (Limited Retransmit),
RFC 3390 (increased initial congestion window sizes), TCP bandwidth-delay product
limiting. äÌÑ ÜÔÉÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">net.inet.tcp.rfc3042</var>, <var
class="VARNAME">net.inet.tcp.rfc3390</var>, É <var
class="VARNAME">net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable</var>. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ
ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tcp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tcp</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>FreeBSD ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ TCP ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÏÇÏ MSS (ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ
ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ sysctl <var class="VARNAME">net.inet.tcp.minmss</var>) É ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÅ
ÐÏÔÏËÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ, ÐÅÒÅÄÁÀÝÉÅ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÍÅÌËÉÈ TCP ÓÅÇÍÅÎÔÏ× × ËÏÒÏÔËÉÊ
ÐÅÒÉÏÄ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ (ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">net.inet.tcp.minmssoverload</var>). óÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ, ÐÒÅ×ÙÓÉ×ÛÉÅ ÜÔÏÔ ÐÒÅÄÅÌ,
ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÓÂÒÏÛÅÎÙ. üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÚÁÝÉÔÕ ÏÔ ÃÅÌÏÇÏ ËÌÁÓÓÁ ÉÓÞÅÒÐÙ×ÁÀÝÉÈ
ÒÅÓÕÒÓÙ ÁÔÁË.</p>
<p>òÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ TCP ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÞÁÓÔÉÞÎÕÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ RFC 2385 (TCP-MD5) digest (ÔÏÌØËÏ
ÎÁ ×Ù×ÏÄ). üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÍÁÑ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁÍÉ ÑÄÒÁ <var
class="LITERAL">TCP_SIGNATURE</var> É <var class="LITERAL">FAST_IPSEC</var>, Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅÍ TCP ÄÌÑ ÁÕÔÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ TCP ÓÅÓÓÉÊ. <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=setkey&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">setkey</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ TCP-MD5 ËÌÁÓÓÁ ÁÓÓÏÃÉÁÃÉÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>ïÂÒÁÂÏÔËÁ reset × TCP ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÉ ÂÙÌÁ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÁ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÕÓÌÏÖÎÉÔØ reset ÁÔÁËÉ ÎÁÓÔÏÌØËÏ,
ÎÁÓËÏÌØËÏ ÜÔÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ, ÐÒÉ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÉ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ Ó ÛÉÒÏÞÁÊÛÉÍ ÄÉÁÐÁÚÏÎÏÍ TCP
ÓÔÅËÏ×.</p>
<p>òÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ RFC 1948 ÂÙÌÁ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÁ. ëÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÓÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ × Initial Sequence
Number (ISN) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÓÌÕÞÁÊÎÏÅ ÐÏÌÏÖÉÔÅÌØÎÏÅ ÞÉÓÌÏ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ISN ×ÓÅÇÄÁ
Õ×ÅÌÉÞÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ, ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ ÏÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÏÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÏÒÔÁ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÏ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏÅ ``ÜÆÅÍÅÒÎÏÅ'' ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÒÔÁ (random ephemeral port
allocation), ÐÒÉÛÅÄÛÅÅ ÉÚ OpenBSD. ïÎÏ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÏ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÏ ÞÅÒÅÚ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ sysctl <var class="VARNAME">net.inet.ip.portrange.randomized</var>.
[MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ TCP Selective Acknowledgements (SACK), ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × RFC 2018. üÔÏ
Õ×ÅÌÉÞÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ TCP ÞÅÒÅÚ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ Ó ÂÏÌØÛÉÍÉ ÐÏÔÅÒÑÍÉ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×. SACK
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl <var
class="VARNAME">net.inet.tcp.sack.enable</var>.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="DISKS" name="DISKS">2.2.4. äÉÓËÉ É ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ</a></h4>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ata&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ata</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cardbus&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cardbus</span>(4)</span></a>
ATA/SATA.</p>
<p>âÙÌÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÏ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÏÛÉÂÏË × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ata&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ata</span>(4)</span></a>. îÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ
ÚÁÍÅÔÎÙÅ ÉÚ ÎÉÈ ÏÔÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ Ë ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÀ ÄÅÔÅËÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ master/slave ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× É Ë ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÍ
Ó ÚÁÄÅÒÖËÁÍÉ.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ata&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ata</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ Promise command sequencer, ÉÍÅÀÝÉÊÓÑ ÎÁ ×ÓÅÈ ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÁÈ
Promise (PDC203** PDC206**).</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÄÌÑ Promise SX4/SX4000 ×
ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ``ÏÂÙÞÎÏÇÏ'' Promise ATA ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÁ; ATA RAID ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ, ÎÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ó
ÕÒÏ×ÎÑÍÉ RAID0, RAID1 É RAID0+1.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p>ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ <var class="LITERAL">DA_OLD_QUIRKS</var>, ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÎÙÊ ÄÌÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ
ÄÉÓËÁ CAM SCSI (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cam&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cam</span>(4)</span></a>) ÂÙÌ
ÕÄÁÌÅÎ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ
ÍÏÇÌÁ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔØ Ë ÐÒÅÒÙ×ÁÎÉÀ ××ÏÄÁ/×Ù×ÏÄÁ × ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÒÅÄËÉÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_CONCAT</var> ÄÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÄÉÓËÏ× × ÏÄÉÎ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_NOP</var> ÄÌÑ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÏÇÏ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_RAID3</var> ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ RAID3 É ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=graid3&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">graid3</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_STRIPE</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÕÅÔ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ RAID0. ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ËÌÁÓÓÅ
ÅÓÔØ Ä×Á ÒÅÖÉÍÁ: ``fast'' É ``economic''. ÷ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ fast, ËÏÇÄÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÏÞÅÎØ
ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÏÊ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÓÔÒÁÊÐÁ, ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÄÉÎ ÚÁÐÒÏÓ ××ÏÄÁ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ Ë ËÁÖÄÏÍÕ ÄÉÓËÕ ×
ÓÔÒÁÊÐÅ; ÜÔÏ ÐÒÉÂÌÉÚÉÔÅÌØÎÏ × 10 ÒÁÚ ÂÙÓÔÒÅÅ ÄÌÑ ÓÔÒÁÊÐÏ× ÍÁÌÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ, ÞÅÍ ÒÅÖÉÍ
economic É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ RAID0. èÏÔÑ ÒÅÖÉÍ fast ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÏÎ
ÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÑÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ. ðÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <var
class="VARNAME">kern.geom.stripe.fast</var> × 0 ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ ÒÅÖÉÍ economic, ×
ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÙ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÒÁÚ. ÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÅ ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á
ÐÁÍÑÔÉ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÑÅÍÏÇÏ × ÒÅÖÉÍÅ fast, ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <var
class="VARNAME">kern.geom.stripe.maxmem</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ GEOM Gate, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ÉÚ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ ËÌÁÓÓÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_GATE</var> É ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÕÔÉÌÉÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ GEOM Gate (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatel&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ggatel</span>(8)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatec&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ggatec</span>(8)</span></a>, and
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggated&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ggated</span>(8)</span></a>). ïÎ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÜËÓÐÏÒÔ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×, ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÝÉÈ ÎÅ ÐÒÉÓÐÏÓÏÂÌÅÎÎÙÅ Ë <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> ÞÅÒÅÚ
ÓÅÔØ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_LABEL</var> ÄÌÑ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÍÅÔÏË ÔÏÍÏ× ÎÁ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË UFS, MSDOSFS (FAT12, FAT16, FAT32), É ISO9660.</p>
<p>îÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_GPT</var>, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ GUID Partition Table (GPT) É
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÂÏÌØÛÏÇÏ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏ× ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ, ÂÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ × <tt
class="FILENAME">GENERIC</tt> ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_MIRROR</var>, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔØ RAID1. äÌÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ
ÜÔÏÇÏ ËÌÁÓÓÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmirror&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">gmirror</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_UZIP</var>, ÒÅÁÌÉÚÕÀÝÉÊ ÓÖÁÔÙÅ ÄÉÓËÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ. îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ
ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÏÎ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ ÓÖÁÔÉÑ ÄÉÓËÏ× cloop V2.0.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ËÌÁÓÓ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">GEOM_VINUM</var> ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÍÅÖÄÕ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vinum&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vinum</span>(4)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ips&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ips</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÙ Adaptec ServeRAID series SCSI.</p>
<p>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=umass&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">umass</span>(4)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×Ï×Á×ÛÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ATAPI MMC É ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÅÔ ÚÁÄÅÒÖËÉ.
[MERGED]</p>
<p>íÅÎÅÄÖÅÒ ÔÏÍÏ× <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vinum&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vinum</span>(4)</span></a> ÂÙÌ
ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a>,
ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÙ ÔÒÁÎÓÆÏÒÍÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÉÓËÏ×ÙÈ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÏ× ××ÏÄÁ-×Ù×ÏÄÁ 5.x. âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ
ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ <tt class="COMMAND">gvinum</tt>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ LSI-type ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ RAID.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="FS" name="FS">2.2.5. æÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ</a></h4>
<p>ëÏÄ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ EXT2FS ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÞÁÓÔÉÞÎÕÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× (>
4GB). þÁÓÔÉÞÎÏÓÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÚÁËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ × ÔÏÍ, ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÁ
ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÄÏ <var class="LITERAL">EXT2_DYN_REV</var>
ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÔÅÈ, ÇÄÅ × ÓÕÐÅÒÂÌÏËÅ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÆÌÁÇ <var
class="LITERAL">EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÁÎÉËÁ × NFSv4 ËÌÉÅÎÔÅ; ÏÎÁ ÓÌÕÞÁÌÁÓØ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÐÙÔËÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÍ ÔÏÌØËÏ NFSv3/NFSv2 ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏÍ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ <var class="LITERAL">MSDOSFS_LARGE</var> ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ
ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ, ÞÅÍ 128GB. üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. éÍÅÊÔÅ ××ÉÄÕ,
ÞÔÏ ÏÎ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ËÁË ÍÉÎÉÍÕÍ 32 ÂÁÊÔÁ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ; ÅÇÏ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÞÅÔËÏ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÍÙÈ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÑÈ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ Ó ÍÅÎÅÅ ÞÅÍ 1 ÍÉÌÌÉÏÎÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ, É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ. üËÓÐÏÒÔ
ÜÔÉÈ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÐÏ NFS ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ.</p>
<p>ëÌÉÅÎÔ SMBFS ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÐÉÓØ SMB ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÁÔÁËÉ
``man in the middle'' É ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÁ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ Ë ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÍ Windows 2003 × ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÅ ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ðÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÏÄÐÉÓØ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÎÉÖÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ, ÜÔÁ
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÅÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ; ÓÏ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÅÍ ÏÎÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÔÁÔØ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mount_smbfs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">mount_smbfs</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN925" name="AEN925">2.2.6. óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ
ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></h4>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">ALTQ framework</b> ÂÙÌÁ ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ ÉÚ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ KAME ÏÔ 7
ÉÀÎÑ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ. üÔÏÔ ÉÍÐÏÒÔ ÎÁÒÕÛÁÅÔ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔØ ABI × <var class="VARNAME">struct
ifnet</var> É ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ×. ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ ÂÙÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÙ ALTQ. ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bfe&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">bfe</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fxp&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fxp</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">em</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lnc&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">lnc</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tun&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tun</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=de&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">de</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rl</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sis&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sis</span>(4)</span></a>, É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xl&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">xl</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">IPFilter</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.4.31 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.4.35
[MERGED].</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ia64 stack unwinder, <b class="APPLICATION">Unwind Express
(libuwx)</b> ÏÔ Hewlett-Packard ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ × ÑÄÒÅ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="USERLAND" name="USERLAND">2.3. éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ</a></h3>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acpidump&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">acpidump</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÔÁÂÌÉÃÙ SSDT. äÁÍÐ ÉÌÉ ÄÉÚÁÓÓÅÍÂÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ DSDT ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÔÁËÖÅ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÜÔÉÈ ÔÁÂÌÉÃ, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÀÔ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdlabel&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">bsdlabel</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-f</var> ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏ× ÄÉÓËÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdtar&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">bsdtar</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tar</span>(1)</span></a> × ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/bin/tar</tt> ÂÙÌ ÓÄÅÌÁÎ
ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÏÊ, ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÅÊ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/bin/bsdtar</tt>. äÌÑ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ Ë <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/bin/gtar</tt> ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ
ÓÂÏÒËÉ <var class="VARNAME">WITH_GTAR</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <tt class="COMMAND">bthidcontrol</tt> É <tt
class="COMMAND">bthidd</tt>, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÅ Bluetooth HID (Human Interface Device).</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=col&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">col</span>(1)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=colcrt&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">colcrt</span>(1)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=colrm&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">colrm</span>(1)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=column&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">column</span>(1)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fmt&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fmt</span>(1)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=join&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">join</span>(1)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rev&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rev</span>(1)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tr&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tr</span>(1)</span></a>, É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ul&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ul</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÍÎÏÇÏÂÁÊÔÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=conscontrol&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">conscontrol</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <var class="LITERAL">set</var> É <var
class="LITERAL">unset</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÀÔ/ÕÄÁÌÑÀÔ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ. <var
class="LITERAL">unset</var> ÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ×Ù×ÏÄ ÉÚ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=printf&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">printf</span>(9)</span></a> ÉÚ
ÑÄÒÁ, ÎÁ ÒÅÁÌØÎÕÀ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÕÀ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ. üÔÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ Ë tty ioctl <var
class="LITERAL">TIOCCONS</var>.</p>
<p>äÁÅÍÏÎ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cron&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cron</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔ Ä×Á ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ, <var class="OPTION">-j</var> É <var class="OPTION">-J</var>,
×ËÌÀÞÁÀÝÉÅ ÒÁÓÓÉÎÈÒÏÎÉÚÁÃÉÀ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÊ, ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÍÙÈ ÎÅÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍÉ É
ÓÕÐÅÒÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ. òÁÓÓÉÎÈÒÏÎÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÏÚÎÁÞÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÐÅÒÅÄ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅÍ
ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cron&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cron</span>(8)</span></a>
ÏÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÏÊ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÊ ÐÅÒÉÏÄ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ × ÚÁÄÁÎÎÏÍ ÐÒÅÄÅÌÅ. üÔÁ
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÉÑ ÐÉËÏ× ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÀÝÉÈÓÑ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÉ
ÂÏÌØÛÏÇÏ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á ÚÁÄÁÞ, ÚÁÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cut&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cut</span>(1)</span></a> <var
class="OPTION">-c</var>, <var class="OPTION">-d</var>, É <var class="OPTION">-f</var>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÔ × ÌÏËÁÌÑÈ Ó ÍÎÏÇÏÂÁÊÔÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÁÍÉ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cvs&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">cvs</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÌÀÞÅ×ÏÅ ÓÌÏ×Ï <var class="OPTION">iso8601</var> ÄÌÑ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÄÁÔ ×
ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ ISO 8601.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=daemon&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">daemon</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-p</var> ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ PID ÆÁÊÌÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">dd</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">fillchar</var> ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ
ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÁ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ × ÒÅÖÉÍÅ ËÏÎ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, ÉÌÉ ÐÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ <var
class="OPTION">noerror</var> Ó <var class="OPTION">sync</var> ÐÒÉ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÏ×ÅÎÉÉ ÏÛÉÂËÉ
××ÏÄÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=df&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">df</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-c</var> ÄÌÑ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÌÎÏÊ ÓÔÁÔÉÓÔÉËÉ
ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=df&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">df</span>(1)</span></a>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÍÏÇÌÁ
ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔØ Ë ×Ù×ÏÄÕ ÎÅËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ ÐÒÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ <var
class="OPTION">-t</var> É ÎÅÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÓÔÉ ÔÏÞËÉ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÀÝÅÇÏ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <tt class="COMMAND">doscmd</tt> ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ ÉÚ ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ FreeBSD É
ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÁ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÏÒÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/emulators/doscmd/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">emulators/doscmd</tt></a> ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× FreeBSD.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">dump</span>(8)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=restore&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">restore</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-P</var> ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÍÅÔÏÄÏ×
ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÇÏ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ (ÎÅ × ÆÁÊÌÙ ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÌÅÎÔÙ). áÒÇÕÍÅÎÔ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÅÔÓÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sh&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sh</span>(1)</span></a> Ó ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÊ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ <var class="VARNAME">$DUMP_VOLUME</var> ÉÌÉ <var
class="VARNAME">$RESTORE_VOLUME</var> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ
ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÈ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">dump</span>(8)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=restore&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">restore</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=eeprom&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">eeprom</span>(8)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ É ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÎÙÈ × EEPROM ÉÌÉ NVRAM. óÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÁÑ
ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÅ Ó Open Firmware.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fgetwln&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fgetwln</span>(3)</span></a>,
×ÅÒÓÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fgetln&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fgetln</span>(3)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÈ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=find&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">find</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-acl</var> × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÉÓËÁ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Ó <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=acl&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">acl</span>(3)</span></a>.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=find&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">find</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-depth <var
class="REPLACEABLE">n</var></var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÑÅÔ, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÌÉ ÇÌÕÂÉÎÁ ×ÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ
ÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏÊ ÔÏÞËÉ ÐÏÉÓËÁ <var class="REPLACEABLE">n</var>.
[MERGED]</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ftpd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ftpd</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÒÉ ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÉ ÓÏËÅÔÁ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ × ÁËÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÙÊ UID
ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, Á ÎÅ <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt>. üÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
ÁÎÏÎÉÍÎÏÇÏ FTP ÔÒÁÆÉËÁ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÕ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(8)</span></a> Ó
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ <var class="LITERAL">uid</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ÆÕÎËÃÉÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ftw&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ftw</span>(3)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nftw&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nftw</span>(3)</span></a>. ïÎÉ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÈÏÄÁ ÐÏ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ×.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(8)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÏÐÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ËÌÁÓÓÁÍÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">geom</span>(4)</span></a> ÉÚ
ÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÓÔ×Á ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpt&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">gpt</span>(8)</span></a>, ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ
ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó GUID ÔÁÂÌÉÃÅÊ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏ×, ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ <var
class="OPTION">remove</var>. åÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ <var class="OPTION">add</var> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-i</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÔØ ÎÏÍÅÒ
ÄÌÑ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=id&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">id</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-M</var> ÄÌÑ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÍÅÔËÉ MAC ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ
ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× ÎÁ ÌÅÔÕ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var
class="OPTION">name</var>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=polling&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">polling</span>(4)</span></a>
ÓÔÁÔÕÓ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁ. [MERGED]</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ <var class="OPTION">vlanmtu</var> É <var
class="OPTION">-vlanmtu</var>, ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÀÝÉÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÈ ÆÒÅÊÍÏ×
ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ Ethernet ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÍÉ (Ô.Å. ÆÒÅÊÍÏ×, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÈ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÍ 1500 ÂÁÊÔ
ÄÁÎÎÙÈ).</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ifconfig</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ <var class="OPTION">vlanhwtag</var> É <var
class="OPTION">-vlanhwtag</var>, ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÀÝÉÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÉ ÔÅÇÏ× VLAN
ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ Ethernet ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÍÉ ÎÁ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÍ ÕÒÏ×ÎÅ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=indent&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">indent</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-ldi</var> ÄÌÑ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ×ÙÒÁ×ÎÉ×ÁÎÉÅÍ
ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ. ÷ ÜÔÏÊ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ ÂÙÌÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=indent&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">indent</span>(1)</span></a> now
supports <var class="OPTION">-fbs</var> and <var class="OPTION">-ut</var> for function
declarations with the opening brace on the same line as the declaration of arguments all
spaces and no tabs in order to fix problem when non-8 space tabs are used.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ip6fw&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ip6fw</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <var class="OPTION">-n</var> ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÒÅÔÁ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÑ ÌÀÂÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ ×
ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ ÑÄÒÁ</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipcs&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipcs</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-u</var> ÄÌÑ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï IPC
ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍÁÈ, ÐÒÉÎÁÄÌÅÖÁÝÉÈ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipfw&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipfw</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-b</var> ÄÌÑ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ É
ËÏÍÍÅÎÔÁÒÉÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ, ÉÓËÌÀÞÁÑ ÔÅÌÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-U</var> ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ÐÏÄ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ÓÒÅÄÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail</span>(2)</span></a>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jail&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">jail</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-l</var> ÄÌÑ ÏÞÉÓÔËÉ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ. ÷ÓÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ
ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÏÞÉÝÁÀÔÓÑ, ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ <var class="VARNAME">HOME</var>, <var
class="VARNAME">SHELL</var>, <var class="VARNAME">PATH</var>, <var
class="VARNAME">TERM</var>, É <var class="VARNAME">USER</var> ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÁÐÕÓËÏÍ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ×
jail ÐÏÄ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ. üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÄÏÂÎÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=su&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">su</span>(1)</span></a> Ó ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ
<var class="OPTION">-l</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ ÑÄÒÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kgdb&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">kgdb</span>(1)</span></a>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ <b class="APPLICATION">libgdb</b> É ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ Ó ÐÏÔÏËÁÍÉ ÑÄÒÁ, ÍÏÄÕÌÑÍÉ ÑÄÒÁ É
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kvm&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">kvm</span>(3)</span></a>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=killall&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">killall</span>(1)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <var class="OPTION">-e</var>, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ <var
class="OPTION">-u</var> ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÜÆÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÙÊ, Á ÎÅ ÒÅÁÌØÎÙÊ ID ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.
[MERGED]</p>
<p>÷ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libalias&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">libalias</span>(3)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ (É ÎÏ×ÙÊ API) ÄÌÑ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÓÉÎÏÎÉÍÏ× × ÏÄÎÏÍ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ.
óÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ API ÂÙÌ ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎ × ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÈ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <b class="APPLICATION">libarchive</b> ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÓÏ ÓÖÁÔÙÍÉ
É ÎÅÓÖÁÔÙÍÉ ÁÒÈÉ×ÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libarchive&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">libarchive</span>(3)</span></a>.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">libdisk</b> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ <var
class="VARNAME">d_addr_t</var> ÄÌÑ ÁÄÒÅÓÏ× ÄÉÓËÏ×. üÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>
ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó ÄÉÓËÁÍÉ É ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÏÍ ÂÏÌÅÅ 1 TB.</p>
<p>âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ, ÐÅÒ×ÏÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏ ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÁÑ ËÁË <b class="APPLICATION">libkse</b>, ÂÙÌÁ
ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÁ × <b class="APPLICATION">libpthread</b> É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÜÔÏ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ ÐÏÔÏËÏ× ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍ i386, amd64 É ia64. ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <b class="APPLICATION">GCC</b> <var
class="OPTION">-pthread</var> ÂÙÌ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <b
class="APPLICATION">libpthread</b> ×ÍÅÓÔÏ <b class="APPLICATION">libc_r</b>.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÍÉ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÉÚ ÐÏÒÔÏ×,
ÓËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÄÏ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ) ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libmap.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">libmap.conf</span>(5)</span></a>
ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÓÓÙÌÏË <b class="APPLICATION">libc_r</b> É/ÉÌÉ <b
class="APPLICATION">libkse</b> ÎÁ <b class="APPLICATION">libpthread</b>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÈ NVIDIA ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× É ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅË ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libmap.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">libmap.conf</span>(5)</span></a>,
× ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ ÅÓÔØ ÓÓÙÌËÁ <b class="APPLICATION">libpthread</b> ÎÁ ÓÔÁÒÕÀ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÕ <b
class="APPLICATION">libc_r</b>, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÜÔÉ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÔ Ó <b
class="APPLICATION">libpthread</b>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p><b class="APPLICATION">libpthread</b> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ <var
class="VARNAME">LIBPTHREAD_SYSTEM_SCOPE</var> ÄÌÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ 1:1 (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÎÁÂÏÒ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÐÏÔÏËÏ×). ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÓÂÏÒËÁ <b class="APPLICATION">libpthread</b> Ó
ÆÌÁÇÏÍ <var class="OPTION">-DSYSTEM_SCOPE_ONLY</var> ÔÁËÖÅ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÒÅÖÉÍ 1:1, É ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏÔ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÒÅÖÉÍ M:N.
ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ <var class="VARNAME">LIBPTHREAD_PROCESS_SCOPE</var>
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÉÎÕÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ M:N (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÏÔÏËÏ×
ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ). îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">LIBPTHREAD_SYSTEM_SCOPE=yes <var
class="REPLACEABLE">threaded_app</var></kbd>
</pre>
<p>ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÅ <var class="REPLACEABLE">threaded_app</var> ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÏÔÏËÏ×, Á</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">LIBPTHREAD_PROCESS_SCOPE=yes <var
class="REPLACEABLE">threaded_app</var></kbd>
</pre>
<p>ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÅÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÏÔÏËÏ× ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ.</p>
<p>ïÛÉÂËÁ × ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÅ <var class="OPTION">-d</var> <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=look&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">look</span>(1)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ. ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=look&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">look</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ Ó ÍÎÏÇÏÂÁÊÔÎÙÍÉ ÌÏËÁÌÑÍÉ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ls&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ls</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÏÂÒÁÂÁÔÙ×ÁÅÔ ÉÍÅÎÁ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ËÁË ÍÕÌØÔÉÂÁÊÔÏ×ÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×, × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ
Ó ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <var class="VARNAME">LC_CTYPE</var>, ËÏÇÄÁ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÅÔÓÑ ËÁËÉÅ
ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÍÙÅ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">make</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÉ×Õ <var class="LITERAL">.warning</var>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">make</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ POSIX-ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÊ ÆÌÁÇ <var class="LITERAL">+</var> × ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÙÈ ÓÔÒÏËÁÈ <tt
class="FILENAME">Makefile</tt>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÀ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÄÁÖÅ ÐÒÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÉ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ <var class="OPTION">-n</var>. üÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÚÏ×Å ×ÌÏÖÅÎÎÙÈ
make.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">make</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÍÅÝÁÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÉÚ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ × ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ <var
class="VARNAME">MAKEFLAGS</var>, ËÁË ÜÔÏÇÏ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ POSIX. üÔÏ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÅ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÞÅÒÅÚ ×ÓÅ ×ÌÏÖÅÎÎÙÅ make, ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÞÅÒÅÚ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">make</span>(1)</span></a> (ËÒÏÍÅ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <var class="VARNAME">MAKEFLAGS</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÜËÓËÌÀÚÉ×ÎÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ ×
ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÉ ×ÌÏÖÅÎÎÏÇÏ make). ðÏÍÉÍÏ ÐÒÏÞÅÇÏ, ÜÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ ÎÅ ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÍÙÍÉ ×Ï
×ÌÏÖÅÎÎÙÈ make, ËÒÏÍÅ ËÁË ÉÚ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ÆÕÎËÃÉÉ C99 <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nearbyint&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nearbyint</span>(3)</span></a> É
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nearbyintf&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">nearbyintf</span>(3)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎ ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ÏË C99 <tt class="FILENAME">tgmath.h</tt>. ïÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ
ÍÁËÒÏÓ ÄÌÑ ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ <tt class="FILENAME">math.h</tt> É <tt
class="FILENAME">complex.h</tt>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ÄÌÑ float, double É long double.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ GNU ÄÌÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mbsnrtowcs&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mbsnrtowcs</span>(3)</span></a> É
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wcsnrtombs&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span
class="REFENTRYTITLE">wcsnrtombs</span>(3)</span></a>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">newsyslog</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÏÔÌÁÄËÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÆÁÊÌ <tt
class="FILENAME">newsyslog.conf</tt>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">newsyslog</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË ÐÒÉ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÅ ÒÏÔÁÃÉÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÒÏÔÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ ×ÓÅ
ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÒÏÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ, ÚÁÔÅÍ ÐÏÓÙÌÁÅÔÓÑ ÏÄÉÎÏÞÎÙÊ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ ËÁÖÄÏÍÕ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÕ,
ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÏÓÌÁÔØ ÓÉÇÎÁÌ, É ÎÁËÏÎÅà ×ÓÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÒÏÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ,
ÓÖÉÍÁÀÔÓÑ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nextwctype&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nextwctype</span>(3)</span></a>
ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÂÏÒÁ ×ÓÅÈ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× ÉÚ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ ËÌÁÓÓÁ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÉÞÎÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÄÌÑ UTF-8 ×ÅÒÓÉÊ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÈ × ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ
×ÒÅÍÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÌÏËÁÌÅÊ. üÔÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÒÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/misc/utf8locale/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">misc/utf8locale</tt></a>.</p>
<p>äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÌÏËÁÌØ Israel Hebrew <var class="LITERAL">he_IL.UTF-8</var>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=logins&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">logins</span>(1)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÈ É ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÕÞÅÔÎÙÈ ÚÁÐÉÓÑÈ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mountd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mountd</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-p</var>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ
ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ÅÇÏ × ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁÈ ÂÒÁÎÄÍÁÕÜÒÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netstat&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">netstat</span>(1)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÁÅÔ ÞÌÅÎÓÔ×Ï × ÛÉÒÏËÏ×ÅÝÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÇÒÕÐÐÁÈ, ÉÍÅÀÝÉÈÓÑ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newfs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">newfs</span>(8)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mdmfs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mdmfs</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÆÌÁÇ <var class="OPTION">-l</var> ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ MAC multilabel ÆÌÁÇÁ ÎÁ
ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ ÂÅÚ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tunefs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tunefs</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nologin&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nologin</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÔ Ï ÐÏÐÙÔËÁÈ ×ÈÏÄÁ ÞÅÒÅÚ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syslogd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">syslogd</span>(8)</span></a>.</p>
<p>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nologin&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">nologin</span>(8)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÐÅÒÅÍÅÝÅÎÁ ÉÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/sbin/nologin</tt> × <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/sbin/nologin</tt>. <tt class="FILENAME">/sbin/nologin</tt> ÓÔÁÌ
ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÓÓÙÌËÏÊ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏÊ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ.</p>
<p>÷ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ NSS ÂÙÌÏ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÒÅÛÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ
ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÉÈ NSS ÍÏÄÕÌÅÊ (ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/net/nss_ldap/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">net/nss_ldap</tt></a>) É ÇÒÕÐÐ Ó ÄÌÉÎÎÙÍ ÓÐÉÓËÏÍ ÞÌÅÎÏ×.</p>
<p>÷ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=od&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">od</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÅÓÔØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÍÎÏÇÏÂÁÊÔÎÙÈ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× × ÓÔÉÌÅ POSIX.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=patch&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">patch</span>(1)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÚÁÍÅÝÅÎÁ BSD-ÌÉÃÅÎÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÅÊ ÉÚ OpenBSD. ïÎÁ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var
class="OPTION">--posix</var> ÄÌÑ ÓÔÒÏÇÏÇÏ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÑ POSIX.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pgrep&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pgrep</span>(1)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkill&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pkill</span>(1)</span></a>,
ÐÒÉÛÅÄÛÉÅ ÉÈ NetBSD. ïÎÉ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-M</var> ÄÌÑ
ÉÚ×ÌÅÞÅÎÉÑ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ, Ó×ÑÚÁÎÎÙÈ ÓÏ ÓÐÉÓËÏÍ ÉÍÅÎ ÉÚ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÄÁÍÐÁ (core) ×ÍÅÓÔÏ <tt
class="FILENAME">/dev/kmem</tt> ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, É ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-N</var> ÄÌÑ
ÉÚ×ÌÅÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÐÉÓËÁ ÉÍÅÎ ÉÚ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÑÄÒÁ (kernel) ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ppp&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ppp</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ ``set rad_alive <var class="REPLACEABLE">N</var>'' ÄÌÑ
ÐÅÒÉÏÄÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÕÞÅÔÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ RADIUS ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ RADIUS. [MERGED]</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ppp&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ppp</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ ``set pppoe [standard|3Com]'' ÄÌÑ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ Ó
ÎÉÚÌÅÖÁÝÉÍ ÕÚÌÏÍ Netgraph <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ng_pppoe&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ng_pppoe</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÁ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔØ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ps&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ps</span>(1)</span></a> Ó POSIX/SUSv3.
üÔÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ <var class="OPTION">-p</var> ÄÌÑ ÓÐÉÓËÁ ID ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ×,
<var class="OPTION">-t</var> ÄÌÑ ÓÐÉÓËÁ ÉÍÅÎ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×, <var class="OPTION">-A</var>,
ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔÎÁ <var class="OPTION">-ax</var>, <var class="OPTION">-G</var> ÄÌÑ
ÓÐÉÓËÁ ID ÇÒÕÐÐ, <var class="OPTION">-X</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÏÐÏÌÏÖÎÁ <var
class="OPTION">-x</var>, É ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÅÌËÉÅ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÑ. úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ
ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ps&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ps</span>(1)</span></a>. [MERGED]</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ps&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ps</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <var class="OPTION">-O emul</var>, ÐÒÉ ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ
ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÉÍÑ ÜÍÕÌÉÒÕÅÍÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ, × ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ
ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pw&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pw</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-H</var>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔ ÕËÁÚÁÔÅÌØ ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌ Ó
ÚÁÛÉÆÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ ÐÁÒÏÌÅÍ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rarpd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rarpd</span>(8)</span></a>,
ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÎÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÁ ÅÍÕ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÎÁ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÈ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÍ Ó ÏÄÎÉÍ IP ÁÄÒÅÓÏÍ.
[MERGED]</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=regex&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">regex</span>(3)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÒÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÙÅ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ, ÕÞÉÔÙ×ÁÑ ÍÎÏÇÏÂÁÊÔÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ.</p>
<p>æÁÊÌÙ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=resolver&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">resolver</span>(3)</span></a>,
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ËÌÀÞÅ×ÙÅ ÓÌÏ×Á <var class="LITERAL">timeout:</var> É <var
class="LITERAL">attempts:</var>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=resolver&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">resolver</span>(3)</span></a> É
ÁÓÓÏÃÉÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÙ ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÇÏÒÁÚÄÏ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÔ ÄÌÑ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÏÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ É
ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÐÏÔÏËÁÍÉ. íÎÏÖÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÅ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÙ Ë DNS ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔØ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ, ÞÔÏ
ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ.
îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÅ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ; ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ
ÐÏÒÔÏ×: <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/www/mozilla/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">www/mozilla</tt></a> É ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/mail/evolution/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">mail/evolution</tt></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/devel/gnomevfs/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">devel/gnomevfs</tt></a>, É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/devel/gnomevfs2/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">devel/gnomevfs2</tt></a>.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rmdir&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rmdir</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <var class="OPTION">-v</var>, ÄÌÑ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÕÄÁÌÑÅÍÙÈ
ÆÁÊÌÁÈ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=savecore&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">savecore</span>(8)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÍÐ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÂÏÌØÛÅ 2GB.</p>
<p>ïÛÉÂËÁ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=script&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">script</span>(1)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ, É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÅÇÏ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ××ÏÄ ÚÁËÒÙÔ. üÔÏ
ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÏÐÁÓÎÏÅ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÅ Ó ÐÁËÅÔÏÍ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/sysutils/portupgrade/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">sysutils/portupgrade</tt></a>; ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÌÓÑ ÎÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÁËÔÉ×ÎÏ, ÔÏ
ÍÏÇ ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ ×ÓÅ ÕÓÔÁÒÅ×ÛÉÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ ÂÅÚ ÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÁÅÍÏÎ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sdpd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sdpd</span>(8)</span></a>
Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol.</p>
<p>ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sed&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sed</span>(1)</span></a> <var
class="LITERAL">y</var> (ÔÒÁÎÓÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÍÎÏÇÏÂÁÊÔÎÙÅ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sha1&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sha1</span>(1)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rmd160&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rmd160</span>(1)</span></a>.
ðÏÄÏÂÎÏ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=md5&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">md5</span>(1)</span></a>, ÏÎÉ
×ÙÞÉÓÌÑÀÔ ÈÜÛ ××ÏÄÉÍÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ. [MERGED]</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÁÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=smbmsg&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">smbmsg</span>(8)</span></a>, ÄÌÑ
ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ/ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ SMBus ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=talk&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">talk</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ <tt class="HOSTID">localhost</tt> × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ × ÐÁËÅÔÁÈ
ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=talkd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">talkd</span>(8)</span></a>, ÅÓÌÉ
ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ É ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉË ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙ. üÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=talk&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">talk</span>(1)</span></a>
ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÙÍ ÏÔ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÄÌÑ <tt class="HOSTID">localhost</tt> × <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/hosts</tt> ÉÌÉ × DNS.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tftpd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tftpd</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ Ä×Á ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ: ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-w</var>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ
ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, É ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-U</var>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ
umask.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=top&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">top</span>(1)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á I/O. üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ
ÎÁÖÁÔÉÅÍ ``m'' ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÅÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ <var class="OPTION">-m
io</var>.</p>
<p>íÎÏÇÉÅ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ × ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ (× ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ GNU ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ)
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getopt_long&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">getopt_long</span>(3)</span></a>,
×ÍÅÓÔÏ GNU ×ÅÒÓÉÉ.</p>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="RC-SCRIPTS" name="RC-SCRIPTS">2.3.1. óËÒÉÐÔÙ <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/rc.d</tt></a></h4>
<p>óËÒÉÐÔ <tt class="FILENAME">diskless</tt> ÂÙÌ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎ ÎÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">hostname</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">resolve</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">tmp</tt> É <tt class="FILENAME">var</tt>.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÓËÒÉÐÔ <tt class="FILENAME">gbde_swap</tt>, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ gbde
ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÐÏÄËÁÞËÉ. ðÒÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <var class="VARNAME">gbde_swap_enable</var>
× <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a>,
ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÄËÁÞËÉ <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/<var class="REPLACEABLE">foo.bde</var></tt>
ÉÚ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fstab&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fstab</span>(5)</span></a>
Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ Ó ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÏÍ <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/<var
class="REPLACEABLE">foo</var></tt> É ÓÌÕÞÁÊÎÙÍ ËÌÀÞÏÍ, ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÙÍ ËÁË ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÁÑ ÓÕÍÍÁ
MD5 ÏÔ 512 ÂÁÊÔ, ÐÒÏÞÉÔÁÎÎÙÈ ÉÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/random</tt>. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ,
ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÁÍÐÏ× ÑÄÒÁ.</p>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ <var class="VARNAME">ip6addrctl_enable</var> É <var
class="VARNAME">ip6addrctl_verbose</var>. ëÏÇÄÁ <var
class="VARNAME">ip6addrctl_enable</var> ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ × <var class="LITERAL">YES</var>,
ÐÏÌÉÔÉËÁ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ ÁÄÒÅÓÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ × ÑÄÒÏ. åÓÌÉ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/ip6addrctl.conf</tt>, ÏÎ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎ, ÉÎÁÞÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ
ÚÁÄÅÊÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÁ ÐÏÌÉÔÉËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ðÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÌÉÔÉËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÁÑ × RFC
3484, ÅÓÌÉ <var class="VARNAME">ipv6_enable</var> ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ × <var
class="LITERAL">YES</var>. éÎÁÞÅ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÏÌÉÔÉËÉ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÁ
ÐÏÌÉÔÉËÁ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔÏ× ÄÌÑ ÁÄÒÅÓÏ× IPv4.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÓËÒÉÐÔ <tt class="FILENAME">mixer</tt>. ðÒÉ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÉ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÅÔ
ÔÅËÕÝÉÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÁÕÄÉÏ ÍÉËÛÅÒÏ×, ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ, É ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÈ ÐÒÉ
ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ.</p>
<p>óËÒÉÐÔ <tt class="FILENAME">named</tt> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ <b
class="APPLICATION">BIND 9</b> × ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ. éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÔ:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=named&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">named</span>(8)</span></a> ÐÏ
ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chroot&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">chroot</span>(2)</span></a> <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/named</tt>. üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÏÔÍÅÎÅÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <var
class="VARNAME">named_chrootdir</var> × ÆÁÊÌÅ <var class="VARNAME">named_chrootdir</var>,
Á ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chroot&sektion=2&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">chroot</span>(2)</span></a> ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÂÙÔØ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <var class="VARNAME">named_chrootdir</var> × ÔÏÍ ÖÅ ÆÁÊÌÅ.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ëÏÇÄÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ <var class="VARNAME">named_chroot_autoupdate</var> ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ × <var
class="LITERAL">YES</var> (ÜÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ), ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ chroot Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ
ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ. óÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÓÓÙÌËÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/named/etc/namedb</tt>, ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔÓÑ ËÁË <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/namedb</tt>, Á ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÓÓÙÌËÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ × <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/named/var/run/named/pid</tt>, ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔÓÑ ËÁË <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/run/named/pid</tt>. ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÏÔÍÅÎÅÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <var
class="VARNAME">named_symlink_enable</var> × ÆÁÊÌÅ <tt class="FILENAME">rc.conf</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>æÁÊÌ <tt class="FILENAME">rndc.key</tt> ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔÓÑ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ, ÅÓÌÉ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ
ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ <tt class="FILENAME">pf</tt> É <tt class="FILENAME">pflog</tt>
ÄÌÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pf</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="CONTRIB" name="CONTRIB">2.4. óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ
ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</a></h3>
<p>ëÏÄ <b class="APPLICATION">ACPI-CA</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó Ó ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ 20030619 ÄÏ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ
20040527.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">AMD (am-utils)</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 6.0.9 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
6.0.10p1.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">awk</b> ÏÔ Bell Labs ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÏÔ 29 ÉÀÎÑ 2003 ÇÏÄÁ
ÄÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ 7 ÆÅ×ÒÁÌÑ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">BIND</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.3.1-REL ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 9.3.0.
[MERGED]</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">Binutils</b> ÂÙÌÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÄÏ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ ÏÔ 23 ÍÁÑ 2004 ÉÚ ×ÅÔ×É
FSF 2.15.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">CVS</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 1.11.15 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 1.11.17.
[MERGED]</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">FILE</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.41 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.10.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">gdtoa</b> (ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÝÁÑ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÞÉÓÅÌ ÍÅÖÄÕ
ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÍ É ÄÅÓÑÔÉÞÎÙÍ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁÍÉ) ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 20030324 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 20040118.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">GDB</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 6.1.1.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">GNU GCC</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.3.3-prerelease ÏÔ 6 ÎÏÑÂÒÑ,
2003 ÄÏ 3.4.2-prerelease ÏÔ 28 ÉÀÌÑ, 2004.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">GNU grep</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 2.4d ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 2.5.1.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">less</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 371 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 381.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">GNU readline</b> 4.3 ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÆÉÃÉÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÐÁÔÞÁÍÉ Ó 001
ÄÏ 005.</p>
<p>âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <b class="APPLICATION">GNU regex</b> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ ×
<b class="APPLICATION">GNU grep</b> 2.5.1.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">GNU sort</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó textutils 2.1 ÄÏ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ coreutils
5.2.1 ÏÔ 12 Á×ÇÕÓÔÁ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ.</p>
<p>òÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ <b class="APPLICATION">GNU tar</b> × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ <tt
class="FILENAME">gtar</tt>.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">Heimdal Kerberos</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 0.6 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
0.6.1.</p>
<p>ëÌÉÅÎÔ <b class="APPLICATION">ISC DHCP</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ c ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.0.1 RC10 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
3.0.1.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">libpcap</b> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 0.7.1 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 0.8.3.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">lukemftpd</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ ÏÔ 3 ÎÏÑÂÒÑ 2003 ÇÏÄÁ ÄÏ
ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ ÏÔ 9 Á×ÇÕÓÔÁ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">NTP</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.1.1a ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.2.0.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">OpenPAM</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ Dogwood ÄÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ
Eelgrass.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">OpenSSH</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.6.1p1 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
3.8.1p1.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sshd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sshd</span>(8)</span></a> ÂÙÌÁ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÁ. SSH ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 1 ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÎÅ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ,
ÁÕÔÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÐÁÒÏÌÀ ÞÅÒÅÚ SSH ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÅÓÌÉ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ PAM.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p><b class="APPLICATION">OpenSSL</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 0.9.7c ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 0.9.7d.
[MERGED]</p>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ <b class="APPLICATION">OpenSSL</b> VIA C3 Nehemiah PadLock ACE (Advanced
Cryptography Engine) ËÒÉÐÔÏÇÒÁÆÉÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÛÉÆÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ Advanced Encryption
Standard (AES), ÂÙÌÁ ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ ÉÚ ÐÒÅÒÅÌÉÚÁ <b class="APPLICATION">OpenSSL</b>.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">pf</b>, ÐÁËÅÔÎÙÊ ÆÉÌØÔÒ OpenBSD ÉÚ OpenBSD 3.5-stable, ÂÙÌ
ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎ × ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ× FreeBSD, É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.
äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ Ä×Á ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ (<tt class="USERNAME">proxy</tt> É <tt
class="USERNAME">_pflogd</tt>) É ÔÒÉ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ (<tt class="USERNAME">authpf</tt>, <tt
class="USERNAME">proxy</tt> É <tt class="USERNAME">_pflogd</tt>), ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙ <b
class="APPLICATION">pf</b>.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> ðÒÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÉ ÉÚ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×, ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÜÔÉ
ÕÞÅÔÎÙÅ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ. äÌÑ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÚÁÐÉÓÅÊ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=passwd&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">passwd</span>(5)</span></a> É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=group&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">group</span>(5)</span></a> ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎ <var class="LITERAL">mergemaster -p</var>. äÌÑ ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÂÏÒËÉ <b
class="APPLICATION">pf</b> ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ <var
class="VARNAME">NO_PF</var> × <tt class="FILENAME">make.conf</tt>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>âÙÌÉ ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÕÔÉÌÉÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ ÉÚ OpenBSD <b
class="APPLICATION">pf</b>. <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ftp-proxy&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ftp-proxy</span>(8)</span></a> ÜÔÏ
ftp ÐÒÏËÓÉ ÄÌÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pf</span>(4)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pfctl&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pfctl</span>(8)</span></a> ÜÔÏ
ÜË×É×ÁÌÅÎÔ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipf&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ipf</span>(8)</span></a>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pflogd&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pflogd</span>(8)</span></a> ÜÔÏ
ÄÁÅÍÏÎ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÞÅÒÅÚ <var class="LITERAL">if_pflog</var> × ÆÏÒÍÁÔÅ
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pcap&sektion=3&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pcap</span>(3)</span></a>, É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=authpf&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">authpf</span>(8)</span></a>
ÏÂÏÌÏÞËÁ ÄÌÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ× ÐÒÁ×ÉÌ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pf</span>(4)</span></a>.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">routed</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ 2.22 ÄÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ 2.27 Ó
rhyolite.com. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÈ, ËÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ RIP MD5
ÁÕÔÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÃÉÀ, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=routed&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">routed</span>(8)</span></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÎÅÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÍÉ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÍÉ FreeBSD; ÏÄÎÁËÏ, ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍ Ó ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑÍÉ ÏÔ
Sun, Cisco É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÝÉËÏ×.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">sendmail</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.12.10 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.13.1.
[MERGED]</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">tcpdump</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.7.1 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.8.3.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">tcsh</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 6.11 ÄÏ 6.13.00.</p>
<p>âÁÚÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÚÏÎ ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó <tt class="FILENAME">tzdata2003a</tt> ÄÏ
<tt class="FILENAME">tzdata2004a</tt>.</p>
<p><b class="APPLICATION">zlib</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 1.1.4 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 1.2.1.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="PORTS" name="PORTS">2.5. éÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ
ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ×</a></h3>
<p>âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓËÒÉÐÔÏ× ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ/ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×Á, ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍÉ ÐÏÒÔÁÍÉ, ÔÅÐÅÒØ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rc</span>(8)</span></a>, ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÎÕÀ
× FreeBSD 5.<var class="REPLACEABLE">X</var>, ÈÏÔÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔ
ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ × ÓÔÁÒÏÍ ÓÔÉÌÅ. ðÒÉ ÚÁÐÕÓËÅ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÔÓÑ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ × ÎÏ×ÏÍ ÓÔÉÌÅ, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ×
ÓÔÁÒÏÍ. ðÒÉ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×Å ×ÓÅ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ × ÔÏÞÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÁÏÂÏÒÏÔ.</p>
<p>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ É ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÁÔÒÉÂÕÔ <var class="LITERAL">SIZE</var> ÄÌÑ
distfiles, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÏ× ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÏÊ.
<var class="VARNAME">DISABLE_SIZE</var> ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÒÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ
ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ. üÔÏ ÏÓÏÂÅÎÎÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÎÁ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ FreeBSD, ÇÄÅ ÎÅÔ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ × <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fetch&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">fetch</span>(1)</span></a>, É ÄÌÑ
ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ FTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ×ÙÄÁÀÔ ÎÅ×ÅÒÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÙ.</p>
<p>äÌÑ ÏÔÓÌÅÖÉ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÂÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ä×Á ÆÁÊÌÁ:
<tt class="FILENAME">ports/CHANGES</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ
ÐÏÒÔÏ× É ÅÅ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÅ. <tt class="FILENAME">ports/UPDATING</tt> ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÎÙÅ ÓÌÕÞÁÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÓÔÒÅÔÉÔØÓÑ ÐÒÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÉ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÈ
ÐÏÒÔÏ×, ÐÏ ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÉ Ó <tt class="FILENAME">src/UPDATING</tt> × ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ.</p>
<p>ëÏÄ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÉ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÈ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁÈ <tt class="FILENAME">pkg_*</tt> ÂÙÌ
ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎ ÄÌÑ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ Ó 4.x É <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/sysutils/portupgrade/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">sysutils/portupgrade</tt></a>.</p>
<p>éÎÓÔÒÕÍÅÎÔÁÒÉÊ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓËÁÔØ ÓÏ×ÐÁÄÅÎÉÑ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÏÐÅÒÁÔÏÒÏ× ÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÑ É
×ÙÂÏÒÏ× × ÓÔÉÌÅ csh <var class="LITERAL">{...}</var>, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">pkg_info -I 'docbook>=3.0'</kbd>
</pre>
<p>ÏÔÏÂÒÁÚÉÔ (×ÓÅ) docbook DTD Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÅÊ ËÁË ÍÉÎÉÍÕÍ 3.0. äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ
ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ÔÁËÖÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÛÁÂÌÏÎÏ×.</p>
<p>âÙÌÁ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÁ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÁ ÓÂÏÊÎÙÈ ÂÁÚ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg_create&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pkg_create</span>(1)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-S</var> ÄÌÑ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÅÆÉËÓÁ ËÏ ×ÓÅÍ
<var class="LITERAL">@cwd</var> ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÐÁËÅÔÁ.</p>
<p><a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg_info&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.3-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pkg_info</span>(1)</span></a>
ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <var class="OPTION">-j</var> ÄÌÑ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÓËÒÉÐÔÁ
ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÅÊ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÐÁËÅÔÁ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="RELENG" name="RELENG">2.6. ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× É
ÉÎÔÅÇÒÁÃÉÑ</a></h3>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ËÒÉÐÔÏÇÒÁÆÉÉ × FreeBSD ÂÏÌÅÅ ÎÅ ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙÊ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×, É
ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔ <var class="LITERAL">crypto</var> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÞÁÓÔØ <var
class="LITERAL">base</var>. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÓÂÏÒËÉ <var
class="OPTION">-DNOCRYPT</var> ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ, ËÔÏ ÈÏÞÅÔ ÓÏÂÒÁÔØ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ
ÆÁÊÌÙ ÂÅÚ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ËÒÉÐÔÏÇÒÁÆÉÉ.</p>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 2.4 ÄÏ
×ÅÒÓÉÉ 2.6.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÊ <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> ÄÅÓËÔÏÐ
ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏ (<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/x11/gnome2/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">x11/gnome2</tt></a>), ÐÒÏÓÔÏÅ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÅÇÏ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× FreeBSD
Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=portupgrade&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+Ports">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">portupgrade</span>(1)</span></a>
(<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/sysutils/portupgrade/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">sysutils/portupgrade</tt></a>) ×ÙÚÏ×ÅÔ ÓÅÒØÅÚÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÄÅÓËÔÏÐÁ, ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ
ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/docs/faq26.html"
target="_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome/docs/faq26.html</a>, É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔ <tt
class="FILENAME">gnome_upgrade.sh</tt> ÄÌÑ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏ <b
class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> 2.6.</p>
<p>ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÉ <b
class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b>, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=portupgrade&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+Ports">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">portupgrade</span>(1)</span></a>
ÂÕÄÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ×.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ <b class="APPLICATION">KDE</b> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.1.4 ÄÏ
×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.2.3.</p>
<p>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/security/portaudit/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">security/portaudit</tt></a> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× FreeBSD.
üÔÁ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ ÞÉÔÁÅÔ ÂÁÚÕ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÕÀ ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÅ ÕÑÚ×ÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ×, É ÓÏÏÂÝÁÅÔ Ï ÎÉÈ
ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÕ.</p>
<p>FreeBSD ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ <b class="APPLICATION">Xorg</b> ×ÍÅÓÔÏ <b
class="APPLICATION">XFree86</b> × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å X Window System ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ. ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÊ
ÒÅÌÉÚ <b class="APPLICATION">Xorg</b> - X11R6.7.0. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ <b
class="APPLICATION">XFree86</b> ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× FreeBSD (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/x11/XFree86-4/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">x11/XFree86-4</tt></a>).</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="DOC" name="DOC">2.7. äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ</a></h3>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="UPGRADE" name="UPGRADE">3. ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×
FreeBSD</a></h2>
<p>ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ Ó ÕÖÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ FreeBSD <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">ÎÁÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏ</i></span> ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ ``òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Ï ÄÌÑ ÎÏ×ÙÈ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE''. îÁ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅ ÉÌÉ × ÌÀÂÏÍ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ÍÅÓÔÅ,
ÇÄÅ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ, ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ <tt
class="FILENAME">EARLY.TXT</tt>. ïÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ, ÎÏ,
ÞÔÏ ÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÏ, ÓÒÁ×ÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ Ó 4.<var class="REPLACEABLE">X</var> É
ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÏ 5.<var class="REPLACEABLE">X</var>.</p>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>÷ÁÖÎÏ:</b> ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ FreeBSD ËÏÎÅÞÎÏ ÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔØÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÓÌÅ
ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÇÏ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">×ÓÅÈ</i></span> ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
É ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
<p align="center"><small>üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÙ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
FreeBSD, ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÙ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ×ÏÚÎÉË ×ÏÐÒÏÓ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÊÓÑ FreeBSD, ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/docs.html">ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ,</a> ÐÒÅÖÄÅ ÞÅÍ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ÐÉÓØÍÏ ×
<<a href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>÷ÓÅÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ FreeBSD 5-STABLE ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÄÐÉÓÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ
ÓÐÉÓÏË ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ <<a
href="mailto:stable@FreeBSD.org">stable@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>÷ÏÐÒÏÓÙ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ÐÏ
ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <<a href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
</body>
</html>
|
