1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="koi8-r"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
<title>éÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ FreeBSD/alpha 5.4-RELEASE</title>
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79" />
<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=koi8-r" />
</head>
<body class="ARTICLE" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"
alink="#0000FF">
<div class="ARTICLE">
<div class="TITLEPAGE">
<h1 class="TITLE"><a id="AEN2" name="AEN2">éÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ FreeBSD/alpha
5.4-RELEASE</a></h1>
<h3 class="CORPAUTHOR">ðÒÏÅËÔ FreeBSD</h3>
<p class="COPYRIGHT">Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 ðÒÏÅËÔ
ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ FreeBSD</p>
<hr />
</div>
<blockquote class="ABSTRACT">
<div class="ABSTRACT"><a id="AEN12" name="AEN12"></a>
<p>üÔÁ ÓÔÁÔØÑ ÄÁÅÔ ËÒÁÔËÉÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ FreeBSD/alpha 5.4-RELEASE, ÏÓÏÂÏÅ
×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÕÄÅÌÅÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á FreeBSD. ðÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ
ÒÅÛÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ É ÞÁÓÔÏ ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ.</p>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="INSTALL" name="INSTALL">1. õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ FreeBSD</a></h2>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ FreeBSD. ïÓÏÂÏÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÕÄÅÌÅÎÏ
ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE É ÎÁÞÁÌÕ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. çÌÁ×Á <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/install.html"
target="_top">``õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ FreeBSD''</a> <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/" target="_top">òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á
FreeBSD</a> ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÓÁÍÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ
ÐÏÛÁÇÏ×ÕÀ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ Ó ÉÌÌÀÓÔÒÁÃÉÑÍÉ.</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÔÅ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ FreeBSD, ÏÚÎÁËÏÍØÔÅÓØ Ó <a href="#UPGRADING">òÁÚÄ.
3</a>, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ.</p>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="GETTING-STARTED" name="GETTING-STARTED">1.1. ðÅÒÅÄ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ</a></h3>
<p>÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÍ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÅÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ,
Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ, ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÈ Ó FreeBSD. ïÂÚÏÒ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ×,
ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÈ Ó ÜÔÉÍ ÒÅÌÉÚÏÍ FreeBSD, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ × <tt class="FILENAME">README.TXT</tt>,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÔÁÍ ÖÅ, ÇÄÅ É ÜÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ; ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÔÁËÉÈ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ×
(ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ, ÓÐÉÓÏË ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÇÏ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ) ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ ÉÚ ÍÅÎÀ
Documentation ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</p>
<p>ïÎ-ÌÁÊÎ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ FreeBSD <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/faq/"
target="_top">FAQ</a> É <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/"
target="_top">Handbook</a> ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ Ó <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/"
target="_top">×Å ÓÁÊÔÁ ðÒÏÅËÔÁ FreeBSD</a>, ÅÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ Ë ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ.</p>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ× ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØÓÑ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÍ, ÎÏ ×ÒÅÍÑ, ÐÏÔÒÁÞÅÎÎÏÅ ÎÁ ÉÈ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ,
ÏËÕÐÉÔÓÑ ÍÎÏÇÏËÒÁÔÎÏ. ïÚÎÁËÏÍÌÅÎÉÅ Ó ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÍÉ ÒÅÓÕÒÓÁÍÉ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÍÏÞØ × ÓÌÕÞÁÅ
ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ÐÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ.</p>
<p>äÁÖÅ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÙÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÉÎÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÑÔ Ë ÎÅÕÄÁÞÅ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÔÏÌËÎÕÌÉÓØ Ó
ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÍÉ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë <a href="#TROUBLE">òÁÚÄ. 4</a>, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ
ÒÅÛÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ. ÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ Ó×ÅÖÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÆÁÊÌÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">ERRATA.TXT</tt> ÐÅÒÅÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ, ÏÎ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÄÉÔ ×ÁÓ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÙ ÚÁ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</p>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>÷ÁÖÎÏ:</b> èÏÔÑ FreeBSD ÕÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÀ ÐÏÔÅÒÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ×ÓÅ
ÖÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÁ <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÐÏÔÅÒÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ
ÄÉÓËÅ</i></span> ÐÒÉ ÏÛÉÂËÅ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. îÅ ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÉÔÅ Ë ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÍÕ ÍÅÎÀ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
FreeBSD ÄÏ ÔÅÈ ÐÏÒ, ÐÏËÁ ÎÅ ÂÙÌÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÏ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÅ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN37" name="AEN37">1.2. ôÒÅÂÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ë ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÍÕ
ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÀ</a></h3>
<p>FreeBSD ÄÌÑ Alpha/AXP ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ × <tt
class="FILENAME">HARDWARE.TXT</tt>.</p>
<p>÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÄÉÓË ÄÌÑ FreeBSD/alpha. îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏÅ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓËÁ Ó ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ. üÔÏÔ ÄÉÓË ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ
ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ Ë SCSI ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÕ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÍÕ SRM firmware ÉÌÉ Ë IDE ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÕ, ÅÓÌÉ
ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ Ó IDE ÄÉÓËÏ× ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ.</p>
<p>ëÏÒÎÅ×ÁÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ïâñúáôåìøîï ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏÍ (ÒÁÚÄÅÌ <tt
class="LITERAL">a</tt>) ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ ÄÌÑ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÔÁÌÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ.</p>
<p>÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ firmware SRM ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÄÌÑ ×ÁÛÅÊ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ. ÷ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ
ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÍÅÖÄÕ AlphaBIOS (ÉÌÉ ARC) firmware É SRM. ÷ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ
ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ firmware Ó ×Å ÓÁÊÔÁ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÝÉËÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ.</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÚÎÁËÏÍÙ Ó ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÏÊ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ FreeBSD, ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ
<tt class="FILENAME">HARDWARE.TXT</tt>; × ÎÅÍ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔÓÑ ×ÁÖÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ
ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÀ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÍÕ FreeBSD.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="FLOPPIES" name="FLOPPIES">1.3. éÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÀ
ÄÉÓËÅÔ</a></h3>
<p>÷ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ FreeBSD, ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ
ÄÉÓËÅÔ (ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÔÒÅÈ) ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ËÒÁÔËÏ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ËÁË
ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÜÔÉ ÄÉÓËÉ Ó ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÏÇÏ CDROM ÉÌÉ ÉÚ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ × ÏÂÝÅÍ
ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ FreeBSD Ó CDROM ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÅÍ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÅ CDROM, ÜÔÏÔ
ÛÁÇ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÐÕÝÅÎ.</p>
<p>äÌÑ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏË Ó CDROM ÉÌÉ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ
ÄÉÓËÅÔ <tt class="FILENAME">boot.flp</tt> É <tt class="FILENAME">kern<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt> ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">floppies/</tt> (ÄÌÑ 1.44MB ÄÉÓËÅÔ).</p>
<p>ðÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÜÔÉ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ. úÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ <tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>release</i></tt><tt class="FILENAME">/floppies/boot.flp</tt> É ×ÓÅ
<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>release</i></tt><tt class="FILENAME">/floppies/kern<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt> Ó <a href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/"
target="_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a> ÉÌÉ Ó ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÉÚ ÚÅÒËÁÌ, ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ
<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html"
target="_top">FTP ÚÅÒËÁÌÁ</a> òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á ÉÌÉ, ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÈ <a
href="http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/"
target="_top">http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/</a>.</p>
<p>÷ÏÚØÍÉÔÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÞÉÓÔÙÈ, ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÔÏ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ É ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ ÏÂÒÁÚ <tt
class="FILENAME">boot.flp</tt> ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ, Á <tt class="FILENAME">kern<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt> ÎÁ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ. üÔÉ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÎÅ</i></span> DOS ÆÁÊÌÙ. ÷Ù ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ
ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÈ ÎÁ DOS ÉÌÉ UFS ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ËÁË ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÚÍÅÝÅÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ×
ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <tt class="FILENAME">fdimage.exe</tt> ÐÏÄ DOS (ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
<tt class="FILENAME">tools</tt> ÎÁ CDROM ÉÌÉ ÎÁ FTP ÚÅÒËÁÌÁÈ FreeBSD) ÉÌÉ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dd&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">dd</span>(1)</span></a> × UNIX.</p>
<p>îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ Ó ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ ÑÄÒÁ ÐÏÄ DOS, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ
ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁËÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">C></samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">fdimage boot.flp a:</kbd>
</pre>
<p>ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ <tt class="FILENAME">fdimage.exe</tt> É <tt
class="FILENAME">boot.flp</tt> × ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ. äÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× <tt
class="FILENAME">kern<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt> ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÂÕÄÕÔ
ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÙ.</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ UNIX, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0</kbd>
</pre>
<p>ÉÌÉ</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/fd0</kbd>
</pre>
<p>ÉÌÉ</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/floppy</kbd>
</pre>
<p>× ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÉÍÅÀÝÅÇÏÓÑ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ É ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ (ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ UNIX
ÐÏ-ÒÁÚÎÏÍÕ ÉÍÅÎÕÀÔ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÇÉÂËÉÈ ÄÉÓËÏ×).</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="START-INSTALLATION" name="START-INSTALLATION">1.4. õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ
FreeBSD Ó CDROM ÉÌÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ</a></h3>
<p>ðÒÏÝÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó CDROM. åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÊ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ CDROM É
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ CD FreeBSD, ÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ FreeBSD ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó ÎÅÇÏ. ÷ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ
ÄÉÓË × ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ É ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ (ÐÏÄÓÔÁ×É× ÄÒÕÇÏÅ ÉÍÑ
CDROM ÅÓÌÉ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ):</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>><kbd class="USERINPUT">boot dka0</kbd>
</pre>
<p>÷ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×Ù ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÞÁÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ. äÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ×ÁÍ
ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ ÉÚ <tt
class="FILENAME">floppies/boot.flp</tt> É ÆÁÊÌÏ× <tt class="FILENAME">floppies/kern<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt>, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÉÚ <a
href="#FLOPPIES">òÁÚÄ. 1.3</a>. ÷ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ <tt class="FILENAME">boot.flp</tt>, ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÉÚ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ SRM ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ (<tt class="LITERAL">>>></tt>) ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ
ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>><kbd class="USERINPUT">boot dva0</kbd>
</pre>
<p>÷ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ É ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÅÒ×ÏÅ
ÏËÎÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN209" name="AEN209">1.5. äÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ
ÔÉÐÁÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ</a></h3>
<p>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÜËÒÁÎ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ×Ù ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ
ÍÅÎÀ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÒÁÎØÛÅ ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ FreeBSD,
×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ÉÚ ÐÏÄÍÅÎÀ Documentation, ËÁË É ÏÂÝÉÅ
ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ``Usage'' ÉÚ ÐÅÒ×ÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÓÔÒÅÔÉÌÉÓØ Ó ÚÁÔÒÕÄÎÅÎÉÑÍÉ, ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÕ <b
class="KEYCAP">F1</b> ÄÌÑ ×ÙÚÏ×Á ÏÎÌÁÊÎ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÅÊÓÑ Ë ÜÔÏÍÕ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÕ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÒÁÎØÛÅ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÌÉ FreeBSD, ÉÌÉ ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÌÉ,
ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍÙÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ``Standard'', ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎ ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÒÕÅÔ
×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ×ÓÅÈ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ ÐÕÎËÔÏ× ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÒÏÛÏ ÚÎÁËÏÍÙ Ó ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÍ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ FreeBSD É <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÔÏÞÎÏ</i></span> ÚÎÁÅÔÅ,
ÞÔÏ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÄÅÌÁÔØ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ``Express'' ÉÌÉ ``Custom''. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÔÅ
ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ``Upgrade''.</p>
<p>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ FreeBSD ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔ,
ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏ× DOS, NFS, UFS, ÌÅÎÔ É CDROM × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅÊ; ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÉÅ
ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ Ó ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÉÚ ÜÔÉÈ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅÊ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÙ ÎÉÖÅ.</p>
<p>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÁ, ×Ù ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ FreeBSD/alpha
ÐÕÔÅÍ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ × ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÉ SRM ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>><kbd class="USERINPUT">boot dkc0</kbd>
</pre>
<p>ïÎÁ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ firmware ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÔØÓÑ Ó ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ. äÌÑ ÐÏÉÓËÁ SRM ÉÍÅÎ ÄÉÓËÏ× ÎÁ
ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ <tt class="LITERAL">show device</tt>:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
>>><kbd class="USERINPUT">show device</kbd>
dka0.0.0.4.0 DKA0 TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-57 3476
dkc0.0.0.1009.0 DKC0 RZ1BB-BS 0658
dkc100.1.0.1009.0 DKC100 SEAGATE ST34501W 0015
dva0.0.0.0.1 DVA0
ewa0.0.0.3.0 EWA0 00-00-F8-75-6D-01
pkc0.7.0.1009.0 PKC0 SCSI Bus ID 7 5.27
pqa0.0.0.4.0 PQA0 PCI EIDE
pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE
</pre>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ ×ÚÑÔ Ó Digital Personal Workstation 433au É ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÔÒÉ ÄÉÓËÁ,
ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÈ Ë ÍÁÛÉÎÅ. ðÅÒ×ÙÊ ÜÔÏ CDROM, ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÉÊÓÑ <tt class="DEVICENAME">dka0</tt>, Á
ÄÒÕÇÉÅ Ä×Á ÄÉÓËÁ ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ <tt class="DEVICENAME">dkc0</tt> É <tt
class="DEVICENAME">dkc100</tt> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ.</p>
<p>÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ËÁËÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÑÄÒÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÔØ É ËÁËÉÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁÍÉ <code class="OPTION">-file</code> É <code class="OPTION">-flags</code>,
ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">>>></samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">boot -file kernel.old -flags s</kbd>
</pre>
<p>äÌÑ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ FreeBSD/alpha, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">>>></samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">set boot_osflags a</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">>>></samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">set bootdef_dev dkc0</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">>>></samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">set auto_action BOOT</kbd>
</pre>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN248" name="AEN248">1.5.1. õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó CDROM ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ</a></h4>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ Ó ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÁ CDROM, ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <a
href="#START-INSTALLATION">òÁÚÄ. 1.4</a>. åÓÌÉ × ×ÁÛÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÎÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÁ CDROM É ×Ù
ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ CDROM ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ, Ë ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ,
ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏ× ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ FreeBSD ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó CDROM ÎÁ
ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ FreeBSD, ÜÔÏ ÏÞÅÎØ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ: ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ FTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ É
ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ × ÆÁÊÌ ÐÁÒÏÌÅÊ (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vipw&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">vipw</span>(8)</span></a>):</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
ftp:*:99:99::0:0:FTP:/cdrom:/sbin/nologin
</pre>
<p>îÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÇÄÅ ×Ù ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ, ÐÅÒÅÊÄÉÔÅ Ë ÍÅÎÀ Options É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÉÍÑ
ÒÅÌÉÚÁ × <tt class="LITERAL">any</tt>. úÁÔÅÍ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ <tt
class="LITERAL">FTP</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">ftp://<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>machine</i></tt></tt> ÐÏÓÌÅ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ ``URL'' × ÍÅÎÀ ftp ÓÁÊÔÏ×.</p>
<div class="WARNING">
<blockquote class="WARNING">
<p><b>÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ:</b> üÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔ ÌÀÂÏÍÕ × ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓÅÔÉ (ÉÌÉ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ) ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ
``ÁÎÏÎÉÍÎÙÅ'' FTP ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ Ó ÜÔÉÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÅÖÅÌÁÔÅÌØÎÏ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÜÔÏÇÏ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ NFS ÄÌÑ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÜËÓÐÏÒÔÁ
ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ CDROM ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÂÕÄÅÔ ×ÅÓÔÉÓØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ, ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ × ÆÁÊÌ <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/exports</tt> (ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÇÄÅ
ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ CDROM). ðÒÉÍÅÒ ÎÉÖÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ <tt
class="HOSTID">ziggy.foo.com</tt> ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ CDROM ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ
ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
/cdrom -ro ziggy.foo.com
</pre>
<p>ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ Ó CDROM ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å NFS ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ, É ÅÓÌÉ
×Ù ÎÅ Õ×ÅÒÅÎÙ ËÁË ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ, NFS ×ÅÒÏÑÔÎÏ ÎÅ ÌÕÞÛÉÊ ×ÙÂÏÒ ÄÌÑ ×ÁÓ, ÐÏËÁ ×Ù ÎÅ ÐÒÏÞÔÅÔÅ
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rc.conf</span>(5)</span></a> É ÎÅ
ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔÅ ×ÓÅ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ. ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÑ, ÞÔÏ ÜÔÁ ÞÁÓÔØ ÐÒÏÛÌÁ ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏ, ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ××ÅÓÔÉ:
<tt class="FILENAME"><tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>cdrom-host</i></tt>:/cdrom</tt> ×
ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÕÔÉ Ë NFS ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <tt
class="FILENAME">wiggy:/cdrom</tt>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN280" name="AEN280">1.5.2. õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ</a></h4>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÉÌÉ ÉÚ-ÚÁ ÎÅÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÇÏ
ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÉÌÉ ÐÏÔÏÍÕ, ÞÔÏ ×ÁÍ ÎÒÁ×ÉÔÓÑ ÄÅÌÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ
ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ÉÔØ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ.</p>
<p>óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ØÔÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × <a href="#FLOPPIES">òÁÚÄ. 1.3</a>.</p>
<p>úÁÔÅÍ, ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <a href="#LAYOUT">òÁÚÄ. 2</a> É ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ÏÓÏÂÏÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ
ÎÁ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ``Distribution Format'', ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ
ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ É ÔÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ.</p>
<p>úÁÔÅÍ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ, ËÁË ÍÉÎÉÍÕÍ, ÓÔÏÌØËÏ 1.44MB ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÓËÏÌØËÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÄÌÑ
×ÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <tt class="FILENAME">bin</tt> (binary distribution).
åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏÄÇÏÔÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ ÜÔÉ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÐÏÄ DOS, ÏÎÉ <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">ÄÏÌÖÎÙ</i></span> ÂÙÔØ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ MS-DOS
<tt class="FILENAME">FORMAT</tt>. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ Windows, ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅÓØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ
format ÉÚ Windows File Manager.</p>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>÷ÁÖÎÏ:</b> úÁÞÁÓÔÕÀ ÄÉÓËÉ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÕÖÅ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍÉ. èÏÔÑ ÜÔÏ ÕÄÏÂÎÏ,
ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ, Ï ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÌÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ, ÓÔÁÌÉ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÏÊ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅÊ. ðÅÒÅÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÉÈ ÓÁÍÏÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏ, ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÄÌÑ
Õ×ÅÒÅÎÎÏÓÔÉ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ Ó FreeBSD, ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ, ÈÏÔÑ ÎÅÔ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ DOS ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ.
÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">disklabel</span>(8)</span></a> É
<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newfs&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">newfs</span>(8)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÁÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ UFS, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÏÉÌÌÀÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÏ × ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ
ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">fdformat -f 1440 fd0</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">disklabel -w fd0 floppy3</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">newfs -i 65536 /dev/fd0</kbd>
</pre>
<p>ðÏÓÌÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÉÓËÅÔ ÄÌÑ DOS ÉÌÉ UFS, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÁ ÎÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÙ.
æÁÊÌÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÙ ÎÁ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÔÁËÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÌÓÑ
ÏÄÉÎ ÆÁÊÌ. ëÁÖÄÙÊ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÁÇÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ × Ó×ÏÅÍ
ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ, Ô.Å.: <tt class="FILENAME">a:\bin\bin.inf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">a:\bin\bin.aa</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">a:\bin\bin.ab</tt>, ...</p>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>÷ÁÖÎÏ:</b> æÁÊÌ <tt class="FILENAME">bin.inf</tt> ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ÎÁ
ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ <tt class="FILENAME">bin</tt>, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎ ÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÞÁÓÔÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÉÔØ
× ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ. ðÒÉ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ× ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ÆÁÊÌ <tt
class="FILENAME">distname.inf</tt> <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">ÄÏÌÖÅÎ</i></span> ÐÏÍÅÝÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ
ÎÁÂÏÒÁ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÜËÒÁÎ Media, ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ``Floppy'' É
ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÊÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN345" name="AEN345">1.5.4. õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó QIC/SCSI ÌÅÎÔÙ</a></h4>
<p>ðÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ Ó ÌÅÎÔÙ, ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÙ ÎÁ ÎÅÅ Ó
ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tar</span>(1)</span></a>, ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ
ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÙ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ <tt
class="COMMAND">tar</tt> ÄÌÑ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÉÈ ÎÁ ÌÅÎÔÕ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁËÏÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd <tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>/where/you/have/your/dists</i></tt></kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">tar cvf /dev/sa0 <tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>dist1</i></tt> .. <tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>dist2</i></tt></kbd>
</pre>
<p>ðÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ×Ù ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÕÂÅÄÉÔØÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÏ ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÍ
ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ (ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×ÁÍ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÏ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ) ÄÌÑ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">ÐÏÌÎÏÇÏ</i></span> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÌÅÎÔÙ. ÷ Ó×ÑÚÉ Ó ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØÀ
ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏÇÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ Ë ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ ÌÅÎÔÙ, ÜÔÏÔ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ ×Ï
×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÍ ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÅ. ïÔ×ÅÄÉÔÅ ÓÔÏÌØËÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ, ÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÓÐÁËÏ×ËÉ
ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×, ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ ÌÅÎÔÕ.</p>
<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>úÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÅ:</b> äÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÌÅÎÔÁ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÁ × ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÄÏ</i></span> ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ. éÎÁÞÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÅÅ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>ôÅÐÅÒØ ÓÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × <a href="#FLOPPIES">òÁÚÄ. 1.3</a> É
ÐÒÉÓÔÕÐÁÊÔÅ Ë ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="FTPNFS" name="FTPNFS">1.5.5. õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP ÉÌÉ
NFS</a></h4>
<p>ðÏÓÌÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ
ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ 3 ÔÉÐÁ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ: ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ, ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ
ÐÏÒÔ ÉÌÉ Ethernet.</p>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="AEN370" name="AEN370">1.5.5.1. ðÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ</a></h5>
<p>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ SLIP ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ÐÒÉÍÉÔÉ×ÎÁ, É ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÁ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑÍÉ,
ÔÁËÉÍÉ ËÁË ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ ÍÅÖÄÕ Ä×ÕÍÑ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÍÉ. óÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÔØ
ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÙÍ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ SLIP ÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÎÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ
ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ. åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎ ÐÏ ÍÏÄÅÍÕ ÉÌÉ ÉÎÏÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÄ
ÅÇÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ PPP.</p>
<p>ðÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ PPP, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁ É Ó×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ Ï DNS,
ÔÁË ËÁË ÏÎÉ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÑÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÒÁÎÎÅÊ ÓÔÁÄÉÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. ÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ
ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÚÎÁÔØ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ PPP ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÏÅ
ÓÏÇÌÁÓÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÁÄÒÅÓÏ× É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÜÔÕ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÏÔ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁ, ÅÓÌÉ
ÏÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÔÁËÕÀ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ.</p>
<p>÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔØÓÑ Ó×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ Ï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ``AT ËÏÍÁÎÄ'' ×ÁÛÅÊ
ÍÏÄÅÌÉ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ PPP ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÞÅÎØ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ
ÜÍÕÌÑÔÏÒ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="AEN376" name="AEN376">1.5.5.2. ðÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ</a></h5>
<p>åÓÌÉ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ Ë ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ FreeBSD ÉÌÉ Linux, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ
ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÏ×ÅÓÔÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ ``laplink'' ËÁÂÅÌØ. óËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ ÇÏÒÁÚÄÏ ×ÙÛÅ, ÞÅÍ ÜÔÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ
ÌÉÎÉÀ (ÄÏ 50Ë/ÓÅË), × ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÒÏÈÏÄÉÔ ÂÙÓÔÒÅÅ. ïÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ``ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÉÊ'' IP ÁÄÒÅÓ ÐÒÉ PPP ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÉ ÔÁËÉÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ É ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÁÄÒÅÓÁ RFC 1918 ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÃÏ× ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <tt
class="HOSTID">10.0.0.1</tt>, <tt class="HOSTID">10.0.0.2</tt>, É Ô.Ä.).</p>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>÷ÁÖÎÏ:</b> åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ Ó Linux, Á ÎÅ Ó FreeBSD × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å
ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÙ PLIP, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ <code class="OPTION">link0</code> ×
ÏËÎÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ TCP/IP, ÐÏÌÅ ``extra options for ifconfig'', ÄÌÑ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ
Ó ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÉÎÁÞÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ PLIP ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÏÍ Linux.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="AEN387" name="AEN387">1.5.5.3. Ethernet</a></h5>
<p>FreeBSD ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÛÉÒÏËÏ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÎÙÈ ËÁÒÔ Ethernet; ÔÁÂÌÉÃÁ
ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÈ ËÁÒÔ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÞÁÓÔØÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÉ (<tt
class="FILENAME">HARDWARE.TXT</tt> × ÍÅÎÀ Documentation ÎÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÊ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ ÉÌÉ ×
ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ CDROM). åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÏÄÎÕ ÉÚ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÈ PCMCIA Ethernet
ËÁÒÔ, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ ÔÁËÖÅ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎÁ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÁ <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">ÄÏ</i></span> ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÌÜÐÔÏÐÁ. ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ, FreeBSD ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ PCMCIA ËÁÒÔ ``ÎÁ ÈÏÄÕ'' ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</p>
<p>÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÚÎÁÔØ ×ÁÛ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ × ÓÅÔÉ, ÓÅÔÅ×ÕÀ ÍÁÓËÕ ÄÌÑ ×ÁÛÅÊ ÐÏÄÓÅÔÉ, É
ÉÍÑ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ. ÷ÁÛ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÊ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÄÓËÁÚÁÔØ ×ÁÍ, ËÁËÉÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ
ÐÏÄÏÊÄÕÔ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÂÕÄÅÔÅ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÔØÓÑ Ë ÄÒÕÇÉÍ ÈÏÓÔÁÍ ÐÏ ÉÍÅÎÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
IP ÁÄÒÅÓÁ, ×ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÉÍÅÎ É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÁÄÒÅÓ ÛÌÀÚÁ (ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ
PPP, ÜÔÏ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁ). åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó FTP ÞÅÒÅÚ HTTP
ÐÒÏËÓÉ (ÓÍ. ÎÉÖÅ), ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÁÄÒÅÓ ÐÒÏËÓÉ.</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÚÎÁÅÔÅ ÏÔ×ÅÔÁ ÎÁ ÜÔÉ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ, ×ÁÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÐÏÇÏ×ÏÒÉÔØ Ó ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÍ
ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÏÍ <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÐÅÒÅÄ</i></span> ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÜÔÏÇÏ
ÔÉÐÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏ ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÍÙÈ IP ÁÄÒÅÓÏ× ÉÌÉ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÍÁÓË ×
ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÓÅÔÉ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÎÁ×ÅÒÎÑËÁ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÁÍ ÐÒÉÄÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÓÌÕÛÁÔØ
ÌÅËÃÉÀ ÏÔ ÒÁÓÓÅÒÖÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÁ.</p>
<p>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ ×Ù ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÌÉ ËÁËÏÊ-ÌÉÂÏ ÔÉÐ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÇÏ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ
ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÅÎÁ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS ÉÌÉ FTP.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="AEN397" name="AEN397">1.5.5.4. óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÞÅÒÅÚ
NFS</a></h5>
<p>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÓÔÁ: ÓËÏÐÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á FreeBSD
ËÕÄÁ-ÌÉÂÏ ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ É ÕËÁÖÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÎÉÈ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÂÏÒÅ NFS ÔÉÐÁ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ.</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏÔ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÅÒÅÚ ``ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ'' (ÏÂÙÞÎÏ
ÜÔÏ ÒÅÖÉÍ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÞÉÈ ÓÔÁÎÃÉÊ Sun É Linux), ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ × ÍÅÎÀ Options ÐÅÒÅÄ ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÛÁ Ethernet ËÁÒÔÁ ÐÌÏÈÏÇÏ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Á É ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÏÞÅÎØ ÎÉÚËÁ, ×Ù
×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÆÌÁÇ × Options.</p>
<p>äÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS, ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ``subdir mounts'', Ô.Å. ÅÓÌÉ
ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á FreeBSD ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × <tt
class="FILENAME">wiggy:/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</tt>, <tt class="HOSTID">wiggy</tt>
ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÔØ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÅ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</tt>, Á ÎÅ ÔÏÌØËÏ <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr</tt> ÉÌÉ <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/archive/stuff</tt>.</p>
<p>÷ ÆÁÊÌÅ FreeBSD <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/exports</tt> ÜÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ <code class="OPTION">-alldirs</code>. äÒÕÇÉÅ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ NFS ÍÏÇÕÔ ÉÍÅÔØ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ
ÓÏÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ <tt class="LITERAL">Permission
Denied</tt>, ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÜÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÎÅ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT4">
<hr />
<h5 class="SECT4"><a id="AEN414" name="AEN414">1.5.5.5. óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÞÅÒÅÚ
FTP</a></h5>
<p>FTP ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÁ Ó ÌÀÂÏÇÏ ÚÅÒËÁÌÉÒÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÅÇÏ Ó×ÅÖÕÀ
×ÅÒÓÉÀ FreeBSD. ðÏÌÎÙÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÚÅÒËÁÌÏ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÄÌÑ ÌÀÂÏÇÏ ÒÅÇÉÏÎÁ ÍÉÒÁ,
ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP.</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó FTP ÓÁÊÔÁ, ÎÅ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÅÇÏ × ÜÔÏÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË, ÉÌÉ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ Ó ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÏÊ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ÉÍÅÎ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁÄÁÔØ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ URL ÐÕÔÅÍ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ
``URL'' × ÜÔÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ. URL ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÈÏÓÔÁ ÉÌÉ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÐÒÉ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÉÉ
ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ÉÍÅÎ ÐÏÄÏÊÄÅÔ URL ×ÒÏÄÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
ftp://216.66.64.162/pub/FreeBSD/releases/alpha/4.2-RELEASE
</pre>
<p>óÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÔÒÉ ÔÉÐÁ FTP ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>FTP: üÔÏÔ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ``ÁËÔÉ×ÎÙÊ'' ÒÅÖÉÍ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ
ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ Ó ËÌÉÅÎÔÏÍ. üÔÏÔ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÞÅÒÅÚ
ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÂÒÁÎÄÍÁÕÜÒÏ×, ÎÏ ÚÁÞÁÓÔÕÀ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÍÉ FTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ
ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÁÓÓÉ×ÎÙÊ ÒÅÖÉÍ. åÓÌÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ × ÐÁÓÓÉ×ÎÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ, ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ
ÜÔÏÔ ÒÅÖÉÍ.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>FTP Passive: õÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ``ÐÁÓÓÉ×ÎÙÊ'' ÒÅÖÉÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÎÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ
ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ Ó ËÌÉÅÎÔÏÍ. üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÏÔÌÉÞÎÏ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ,
ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÉÍÓÑ ÚÁ ÂÒÁÎÄÍÁÕÜÒÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÀÔ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ ÐÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ
ÁÄÒÅÓÁÍ ÐÏÒÔÏ×.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>FTP ÞÅÒÅÚ HTTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ: üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ FreeBSD ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ HTTP ÄÌÑ
×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÒÏËÓÉ ×ÓÅÈ FTP ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÊ. ðÒÏËÓÉ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÔÒÁÎÓÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÙ É
ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÔØ ÉÈ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ FTP. üÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÐÒÏÈÏÄÉÔØ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÂÒÁÎÄÍÁÕÜÒÙ,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÏÏÂÝÅ ÎÅ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÀÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ FTP, ÎÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔ HTTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ. ÷Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ
ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÈÏÓÔÁ ÐÒÏËÓÉ × ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ Ë FTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ.</p>
<p>÷ ÒÅÄËÉÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ, ËÏÇÄÁ FTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÞÅÒÅÚ HTTP, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ URL
ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<kbd class="USERINPUT">ftp://foo.bar.com:<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>port</i></tt>/pub/FreeBSD</kbd>
</pre>
<p>÷ URL ×ÙÛÅ, <tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>port</i></tt> ÜÔÏ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÐÏÒÔÁ FTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ
ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN436" name="AEN436">1.5.6. óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ
ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</a></h4>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÉÔÁÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ FreeBSD ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÊ ÔÏÌØËÏ
ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ (Ô.Å. ÎÅ ÉÍÅÀÝÉÊ VGA ËÁÒÔÙ), ÓÌÅÄÕÊÔÅ ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ:</p>
<div class="PROCEDURE">
<ol type="1">
<li class="STEP">
<p>ðÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ÌÀÂÏÊ ANSI (vt100) ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÊ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÜÍÕÌÑÃÉÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ Ë
<tt class="DEVICENAME">COM1</tt> ÐÏÒÔÕ PC, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ FreeBSD.</p>
</li>
<li class="STEP">
<p>ïÔËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ (ÄÁ, ÜÔÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ!) É ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÉÌÉ
ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ CDROM, × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÔÉÐÁ ÉÍÅÀÝÅÇÏÓÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ, Ó
ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÏÊ.</p>
</li>
<li class="STEP">
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ×ÉÄÉÔÅ ÎÉÞÅÇÏ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ, ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ ÏÐÑÔØ.
åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÅÓØ Ó CDROM, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ <a href="#HITSPACE">ÛÁÇ 5</a> ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ
ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ×.</p>
</li>
<li class="STEP">
<p>ðÒÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÐÏÓÌÅ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ Ó ÄÉÓËÁ ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÄÉÓË <tt
class="FILENAME">kern<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt> É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ <b
class="KEYCAP">Enter</b>. ðÏÓÌÅ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ Ó ÄÉÓËÁ ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÄÉÓË <tt
class="FILENAME">kern<tt class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt> É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ <b
class="KEYCAP">Enter</b>, É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÄÉÓËÏ× <tt class="FILENAME">kern<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt>. ëÏÇÄÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÔÓÑ, ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÏÐÑÔØ <tt
class="FILENAME">boot.flp</tt> É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b>.</p>
</li>
<li class="STEP"><a id="HITSPACE" name="HITSPACE"></a>
<p>ðÏÓÌÅ Ú×ÕËÏ×ÏÇÏ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ ÃÉÆÒÕ <b class="KEYCAP">6</b>, ÚÁÔÅÍ ××ÅÄÉÔÅ</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<kbd class="USERINPUT">boot -h</kbd>
</pre>
<p>É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØÓÑ × ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ. åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ
ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ É ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÜÍÕÌÑÃÉÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÉÌÉ
ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á. ïÎÉ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÎÁ 9600 ËÂÉÔ, 8 ÂÉÔ, ÂÅÚ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ
ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN466" name="AEN466">1.6. ÷ÏÐÒÏÓÙ É ÏÔ×ÅÔÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ
Alpha/AXP</a></h3>
<div class="QANDASET">
<dl>
<dt>1.6.1. <a href="#Q1.6.1.">íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó ARC ÉÌÉ Alpha BIOS
ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ?</a></dt>
<dt>1.6.2. <a href="#Q1.6.2.">ðÏÍÏÇÉÔÅ!! õ ÍÅÎÑ ÎÅÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ! äÏÌÖÅÎ ÌÉ Ñ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ×ÓÅ
ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ??</a></dt>
<dt>1.6.3. <a href="#Q1.6.3.">íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ Compaq Tru64 ÉÌÉ
VMS?</a></dt>
<dt>1.6.4. <a href="#Q1.6.4.">þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Compaq Tru64
(OSF/1)?</a></dt>
<dt>1.6.5. <a href="#Q1.6.5.">þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Linux?</a></dt>
<dt>1.6.6. <a href="#Q1.6.6.">þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× NT Alpha?</a></dt>
</dl>
<div class="QANDAENTRY">
<div class="QUESTION">
<p><a id="Q1.6.1." name="Q1.6.1."></a><b>1.6.1.</b> íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó ARC ÉÌÉ Alpha
BIOS ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ?</p>
</div>
<div class="ANSWER">
<p><b></b>îÅÔ. FreeBSD, ÔÁË ÖÅ ËÁË Compaq Tru64 É VMS, ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ó SRM
ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="QANDAENTRY">
<div class="QUESTION">
<p><a id="Q1.6.2." name="Q1.6.2."></a><b>1.6.2.</b> ðÏÍÏÇÉÔÅ!! õ ÍÅÎÑ ÎÅÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ! äÏÌÖÅÎ
ÌÉ Ñ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ×ÓÅ ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ??</p>
</div>
<div class="ANSWER">
<p><b></b>ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ, ÄÁ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="QANDAENTRY">
<div class="QUESTION">
<p><a id="Q1.6.3." name="Q1.6.3."></a><b>1.6.3.</b> íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÅ
ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ Compaq Tru64 ÉÌÉ VMS?</p>
</div>
<div class="ANSWER">
<p><b></b>÷ ÄÁÎÎÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÎÅÔ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="QANDAENTRY">
<div class="QUESTION">
<p><a id="Q1.6.4." name="Q1.6.4."></a><b>1.6.4.</b> þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
Compaq Tru64 (OSF/1)?</p>
</div>
<div class="ANSWER">
<p><b></b>FreeBSD ÏÞÅÎØ ÈÏÒÏÛÏ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ Tru64 Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÐÁËÅÔÁ/ÐÏÒÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/emulators/osf1_base/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">emulators/osf1_base</tt></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="QANDAENTRY">
<div class="QUESTION">
<p><a id="Q1.6.5." name="Q1.6.5."></a><b>1.6.5.</b> þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ
ÆÁÊÌÏ× Linux?</p>
</div>
<div class="ANSWER">
<p><b></b>FreeBSD ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ AlphaLinux Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÐÏÒÔÁ/ÐÁËÅÔÁ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/emulators/linux_base/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">emulators/linux_base</tt></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="QANDAENTRY">
<div class="QUESTION">
<p><a id="Q1.6.6." name="Q1.6.6."></a><b>1.6.6.</b> þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
NT Alpha?</p>
</div>
<div class="ANSWER">
<p><b></b>FreeBSD ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ NT, ÈÏÔÑ É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ
NT.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="LAYOUT" name="LAYOUT">2. óÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á</a></h2>
<p>ôÉÐÉÞÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á FreeBSD ×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË (ÄÅÔÁÌÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÔÌÉÞÁÔØÓÑ ×
ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ, É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÆÁËÔÏÒÏ×):</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
ERRATA.HTM README.TXT compat1x dict kernel
ERRATA.TXT RELNOTES.HTM compat20 doc manpages
HARDWARE.HTM RELNOTES.TXT compat21 docbook.css packages
HARDWARE.TXT base compat22 filename.txt ports
INSTALL.HTM boot compat3x floppies proflibs
INSTALL.TXT catpages compat4x games src
README.HTM cdrom.inf crypto info tools
</pre>
<p>ôÅ ÖÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ ÍÕÌØÔÉÄÉÓËÏ×ÏÇÏ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ, ÎÏ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÙ ÔÁÍ
ÎÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÐÏ-ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ. äÌÑ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ Ó ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ
``live filesystem''. ïÎÁ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÁ ÐÒÉ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÉ ÉÌÉ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÉ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ Ó ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ FreeBSD (ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë <a href="#TROUBLE">òÁÚÄ. 4</a> ÚÁ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÑÍÉ ÐÏ ÅÅ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÀ).</p>
<p>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇ <tt class="FILENAME">floppies</tt> ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÅÓ ÄÌÑ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ Ó ËÏÍÐÁËÔ-ÄÉÓËÁ (ÎÏ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÒÏÞÉÔÁÔØ
ÅÇÏ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ. îÅÓÌÏÖÎÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÎÁÂÏÒ 1.44í ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×Á×ÛÉÓØ
ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏÍ <tt class="FILENAME">floppies</tt> (ÓÍ. <a href="#FLOPPIES">òÁÚÄ. 1.3</a>), É
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÈ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ó CDROM, FTP, ÉÌÉ NFS. ïÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ
ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ÂÕÄÕÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÙ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ
ÒÁÎØÛÅ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÌÉ FreeBSD, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÐÒÏÞÉÔÁÔØ ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ
(ÆÁÊÌ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ).</p>
<p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ÔÉÐÁ, ÉÌÉ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÚÎÁÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÏÂ
ÏÒÇÁÎÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÉÖÅÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÁÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>
<p>æÁÊÌÙ <tt class="FILENAME">*.TXT</tt> É <tt class="FILENAME">*.HTM</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ
ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × <tt class="FILENAME">INSTALL.TXT</tt> É
<tt class="FILENAME">INSTALL.HTM</tt>), ÉÈ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.
æÁÊÌÙ <tt class="FILENAME">*.TXT</tt> ÜÔÏ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ÔÅËÓÔ, Á ÆÁÊÌÙ <tt
class="FILENAME">*.HTM</tt> ÜÔÏ HTML ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÙ ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ
ÌÀÂÙÍ ×Å ÂÒÁÕÚÅÒÏÍ. îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ù ÍÏÇÕÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ × ÄÒÕÇÉÈ
ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁÈ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË PDF ÉÌÉ PostScript.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><tt class="FILENAME">docbook.css</tt> ÜÔÏ ÆÁÊÌ Cascading Style Sheet (CSS),
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÊ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ ×Å ÂÒÁÕÚÅÒÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ HTML ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ <tt class="FILENAME">base</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">catpages</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">crypto</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">dict</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">doc</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">games</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">info</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">manpages</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">proflibs</tt>, É <tt class="FILENAME">src</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ
ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á FreeBSD É ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÙ ÎÁ ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØÓÑ
ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ (ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ <tt class="FILENAME">compat1x</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">compat20</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">compat21</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">compat22</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">compat3x</tt>, É <tt class="FILENAME">compat4x</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ
ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ÎÁÂÏÒÙ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÍÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ É ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ × ÏÄÉÎÏÞÎÙÈ
ÕÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ gzip tar ÆÁÊÌÁÈ -- ÏÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÉÌÉ
ÐÏÚÖÅ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÓËÒÉÐÔÏ× <tt class="FILENAME">install.sh</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>÷ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <tt class="FILENAME">floppies/</tt> ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ;
ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÉÈ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÀ ÄÁÎÁ × <a href="#FLOPPIES">òÁÚÄ. 1.3</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ <tt class="FILENAME">packages</tt> É <tt class="FILENAME">ports</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ
ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× É ÐÏÒÔÏ× FreeBSD. ðÁËÅÔÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">packages</tt> ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp><kbd
class="USERINPUT">/stand/sysinstall configPackages</kbd>
</pre>
<p>ðÁËÅÔÙ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ ÉÍÅÎ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
<tt class="FILENAME">packages</tt>/ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg_add&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">pkg_add</span>(1)</span></a>.</p>
<p>ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ËÁË ÌÀÂÏÊ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ É
ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ÏËÏÌÏ 190MB ÍÅÓÔÁ. äÁÌØÎÅÊÛÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÁ
Ó <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/ports/"
target="_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/ports/</a> ÉÌÉ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÉÚ <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/share/doc/handbook</tt> ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÌÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ <tt
class="FILENAME">doc</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>îÁËÏÎÅÃ, ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ <tt class="FILENAME">tools</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ DOS ÄÌÑ
ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÇÅÏÍÅÔÒÉÉ ÄÉÓËÁ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÍÅÎÅÄÖÅÒÏ× É Ô.Ð. üÔÉ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ
ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙ É ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÄÌÑ ÕÄÏÂÓÔ×Á ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<br />
<br />
<p>ôÉÐÉÞÎÙÊ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, <tt class="FILENAME">info</tt>) ÉÚÎÕÔÒÉ
×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
CHECKSUM.MD5 info.ab info.ad info.inf install.sh
info.aa info.ac info.ae info.mtree
</pre>
<p>æÁÊÌ <tt class="FILENAME">CHECKSUM.MD5</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÕÍÍÙ MD5 ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ
ÆÁÊÌÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÍÏÇÁÀÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ ÎÅ ÐÏ×ÒÅÖÄÅÎ ÌÉ ÆÁÊÌ. ïÎ ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÅÇÏ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ. æÁÊÌÙ <tt
class="FILENAME">info.a*</tt> ÜÔÏ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÕÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ gzip tar ÆÁÊÌÁ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÏ ÔÁË:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cat info.a* | tar tvzf -</kbd>
</pre>
<p>÷Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÜÔÉ ÞÁÓÔÉ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÑÀÔÓÑ É ÉÚ×ÌÅËÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</p>
<p>æÁÊÌ <tt class="FILENAME">info.inf</tt> ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎ ÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ
ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÞÉÓÌÁ ÞÁÓÔÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÉÔØ ×
ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ. ðÒÉ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ× ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ÆÁÊÌ <tt
class="FILENAME">.inf</tt> <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÄÏÌÖÅÎ</i></span>
ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ!</p>
<p>æÁÊÌ <tt class="FILENAME">info.mtree</tt> ÜÔÏ ÅÝÅ ÏÄÉÎ ÎÅ-ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ,
ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÊ ÄÌÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ. ïÎ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÕÍÍÙ MD5 ÄÌÑ <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÒÁÓÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ</i></span> ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× É ×
ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mtree&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">mtree</span>(8)</span></a> ÄÌÑ
ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÉÚ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">base</tt> ÜÔÏ ÈÏÒÏÛÉÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÔÒÏÑÎÓËÉÈ ÁÔÁË ÎÁ ×ÁÛÕ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ.</p>
<p>îÁËÏÎÅÃ, <tt class="FILENAME">install.sh</tt> ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÈ, ËÔÏ ÈÏÞÅÔ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ
info Ó CDROM ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ:</p>
<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd /cdrom/info</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">sh install.sh</kbd>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="UPGRADING" name="UPGRADING">3. ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ FreeBSD</a></h2>
<p>üÔÁ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÑ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÕ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÏÇÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ
FreeBSD.</p>
<div class="WARNING">
<blockquote class="WARNING">
<p><b>÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ:</b> èÏÔÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ FreeBSD ÐÒÅÄÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ ÍÅÒÙ ÄÌÑ
ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÔÅÒÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">ÐÏÔÅÒÑÔØ ×ÓÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÖÅÓÔËÏÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ</i></span> ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ!
ðÏÖÁÌÕÊÓÔÁ, ÎÅ ÐÏÄÔ×ÅÒÖÄÁÊÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÂÅÚ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÑ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÊ ËÏÐÉÉ ×ÓÅÈ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ
ÆÁÊÌÏ×.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="IMPORTANT">
<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
<p><b>÷ÁÖÎÏ:</b> úÄÅÓØ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>,
ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÕÀ Ó ÔÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÅÊ FreeBSD, ÄÏ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔØÓÑ. éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ
×ÅÒÓÉÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>
ÜÔÏ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÑ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÏ×ÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ, ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÁ × ÎÅÒÁÂÏÔÏÓÐÏÓÏÂÎÏÅ
ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÅ. îÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ ÓÏ×ÅÒÛÁÅÍÁÑ × ÜÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÏÛÉÂËÁ -- ÜÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÓÔÁÒÏÊ
ËÏÐÉÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a> ÉÚ
ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ FreeBSD ÄÏ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ. üÔÏ <span
class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">ÎÅ</i></span> ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="WARNING">
<blockquote class="WARNING">
<p><b>÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ:</b> âÉÎÁÒÎÏÅ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÏ FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE Ó FreeBSD 4-STABLE ÎÁ
ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ. ÷ FreeBSD 4-STABLE ÅÓÔØ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÎÁÌÉÞÉÅ
ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÒÁÚÒÕÛÉÔÅÌØÎÏ, ÎÏ ÏÎÉ ÎÅ ÕÄÁÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÍ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ. ïÄÉÎ
ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÊ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÜÔÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/include/g++</tt>, ÎÁÌÉÞÉÅ
ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ C++ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ (ÉÌÉ ÏÎÉ ÎÅ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ
×ÏÏÂÝÅ).</p>
<p>üÔÉ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÀÝÉÈÓÑ Ó
ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÅÌØÎÏ Ó×ÅÖÉÈ FreeBSD 5-STABLE ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÏ×.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN695" name="AEN695">3.1. ÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</a></h3>
<p>ðÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÚÁÍÅÎÑÅÔ ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ÎÁÂÏÒÙ ÎÁ ÎÁÂÏÒÙ
ÉÚ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ FreeBSD. ïÎÁ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ËÁË É ÄÁÎÎÙÅ
ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ É ÄÒÕÇÏÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ.</p>
<p>áÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÁÍ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÝÉÍ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ, ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ ÉÚÕÞÉÔØ ÜÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ
ÐÅÒÅÄ ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ.</p>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN699" name="AEN699">3.1.1. ïÂÚÏÒ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ</a></h4>
<p>ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÉÚ×ÌÅÞÅÎÉÑ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÏ× ÐÏ×ÅÒÈ
ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ. æÁÊÌÙ, ÐÒÉÎÁÄÌÅÖÁÝÉÅ ÓÔÁÒÏÍÕ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Õ, ÎÅ ÕÄÁÌÑÀÔÓÑ.</p>
<p>îÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÀÔÓÑ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ É ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×:</p>
<p><tt class="FILENAME">Xaccel.ini</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">XF86Config</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">adduser.conf</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">aliases</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">aliases.db</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">amd.map</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">crontab</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">csh.cshrc</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">csh.login</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">csh.logout</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">cvsupfile</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">dhclient.conf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">disktab</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">dm.conf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">dumpdates</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">exports</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">fbtab</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">fstab</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">ftpusers</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">gettytab</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">gnats</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">group</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">hosts</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">hosts.allow</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">hosts.equiv</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">hosts.lpd</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">inetd.conf</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">localtime</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">login.access</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">login.conf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">mail</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">mail.rc</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">make.conf</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">manpath.config</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">master.passwd</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">motd</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">namedb</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">networks</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">newsyslog.conf</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">nsmb.conf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">nsswitch.conf</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">pam.conf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">passwd</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">periodic</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">ppp</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">printcap</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">profile</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">pwd.db</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">rc.conf</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">rc.conf.local</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">rc.firewall</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">rc.local</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">remote</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">resolv.conf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">rmt</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">sendmail.cf</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">sendmail.cw</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">services</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">shells</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">skeykeys</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">spwd.db</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">ssh</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">syslog.conf</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">ttys</tt>, <tt
class="FILENAME">uucp</tt></p>
<p>÷ÅÒÓÉÉ ÜÔÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÐÅÒÅÍÅÝÁÀÔÓÑ × <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/upgrade/</tt>. óÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÊ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÉÔØ ÜÔÉ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
ÅÓÌÉ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÉÚ ÜÔÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ×ÚÁÉÍÎÏ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÙ, É ÌÕÞÛÁÑ
ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ -- ÜÔÏ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÉÚ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ×
ÎÏ×ÙÅ.</p>
<p>÷Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÙ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ Õ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÁ ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÍÅÓÔÏ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ
ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÉÚ <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/</tt>. åÓÌÉ × ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÂÕÄÕÔ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÙ
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ, ÏÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÉÚ ÜÔÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN773" name="AEN773">3.2. ðÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ</a></h3>
<p>üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÄÅÔÁÌÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÙ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ. ïÓÏÂÏÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÕÄÅÌÅÎÏ ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁÍ,
ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÏÔÌÉÞÁÀÔÓÑ ÏÔ ÏÂÙÞÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</p>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN776" name="AEN776">3.2.1. òÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÅ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ</a></h4>
<p>äÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ É ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÙ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅÍ. èÏÔÑ
ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÓÌÕÞÁÊÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË, ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÞÁÓÔÉÞÎÏÅ
ÉÌÉ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÕÎÉÞÔÏÖÅÎÉÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ É ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÞÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN779" name="AEN779">3.2.2. íÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍ</a></h4>
<p>úÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔÓÑ ÒÅÄÁËÔÏÒ ÄÉÓËÏ×ÙÈ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏ× ÓÏ ÓÐÉÓËÏÍ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÉÍÅÀÝÉÈÓÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ.
ðÅÒÅÄ ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔØ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÉÍÅÎÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× É
ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ ÔÏÞËÉ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ. üÔÉ ÔÏÞËÉ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ××ÅÄÅÎÙ ÚÄÅÓØ.
<span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">îÅ</i></span> ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÊÔÅ ``newfs flag''
ÄÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÜÔÏ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÔ Ë ÐÏÔÅÒÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN784" name="AEN784">3.2.3. ÷ÙÂÏÒ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ
ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×</a></h4>
<p>îÁ ×ÙÂÏÒ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ× ÎÅ ÎÁËÌÁÄÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÊ. ïÂÝÅÅ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ ÓÏÓÔÏÉÔ ×
ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÂÒÁÎ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ <tt
class="LITERAL">base</tt>, É <tt class="LITERAL">man</tt> ÅÓÌÉ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ ÕÖÅ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ. äÒÕÇÉÅ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ÎÁÂÏÒÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÚÖÅ, ÅÓÌÉ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒ ÚÁÈÏÞÅÔ
ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT3">
<hr />
<h4 class="SECT3"><a id="FSTAB" name="FSTAB">3.2.4. ðÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ</a></h4>
<p>ðÏÓÌÅ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÕ ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ
ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ. ÷ ÜÔÏÔ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÁ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ. ÷
ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ <tt class="FILENAME">/etc/rc.conf</tt> É <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/fstab</tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN794" name="AEN794">3.3. ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÉÚ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ
ÔÅËÓÔÏ×</a></h3>
<p>äÌÑ ÔÅÈ, ËÔÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÅÓÕÅÔÓÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÇÉÂËÉÍ É ``ÉÎÔÅÌÌÅËÔÕÁÌØÎÙÍ'' ÍÅÔÏÄÏÍ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ,
ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÇÌÁ×Á òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á FreeBSD <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/books/handbook/cutting-edge.html"
target="_top">îÁ ÐÅÒÅÄÎÅÍ ËÒÁÅ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÏË</a>. üÔÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÏÔÎÏÓÉÔÓÑ Ë ÐÅÒÅÓÂÏÒËÅ
FreeBSD ÉÚ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×. ïÎÁ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ÈÏÒÏÛÅÇÏ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÇÏ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ, Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ
ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ É ×ÒÅÍÅÎÉ, ÎÏ ÉÍÅÅÔ ÐÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Á ÐÒÉ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÈ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁÈ.
üÔÏ ÔÁ ÖÅ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ, ÞÔÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÏÔÓÌÅÖÉ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÅÔ×ÅÊ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ -STABLE ÉÌÉ
-CURRENT.</p>
<p><tt class="FILENAME">/usr/src/UPDATING</tt> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ×ÁÖÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ FreeBSD ÉÚ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×. ÷ ÎÅÍ ÏÔÒÁÖÅÎÙ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë
ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍ × FreeBSD, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏ×ÌÉÑÔØ ÎÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="SECT1">
<hr />
<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="TROUBLE" name="TROUBLE">4. òÅÛÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ</a></h2>
<div class="SECT2">
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="REPAIRING" name="REPAIRING">4.1. ÷ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ
ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ FreeBSD</a></h3>
<p>FreeBSD ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ ``fixit'' × ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>.
ïÐÃÉÑ ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ, ÉÚ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
FreeBSD; ÜÔÁ ÏÐÃÉÑ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÁ ÄÌÑ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ
FreeBSD. äÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ fixit ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÌÉÂÏ ÄÉÓËÅÔÁ <tt
class="FILENAME">fixit.flp</tt>, ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÁÑ ÔÁËÉÍ ÖÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ËÁË É ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ,
ÉÌÉ ËÏÍÐÁËÔ-ÄÉÓË Ó ``live filesystem''. ÷ ÍÎÏÇÏÄÉÓËÏ×ÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÁÈ FreeBSD, ÏÂÒÁÚ live
filesystem ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ Ó ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ. ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÄÌÑ
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ fixit ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÏÐÙÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
UNIX.</p>
<p>åÓÔØ Ä×Á ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÈ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁ ×ÏÊÔÉ × ÒÅÖÉÍ fixit. ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ
ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÏÇÏ ËÏÍÐÁËÔ-ÄÉÓËÁ FreeBSD, ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÕÎËÔÏÍ
``fixit'' ÉÚ ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>.
úÁÔÅÍ ÎÕÖÎÏ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÏÐÃÉÀ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ ``CDROM/DVD''.</p>
<p>ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó ËÏÍÐÁËÔ-ÄÉÓËÁ, ÎÏ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó
ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÛÁÇÏ×. ÷ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ Ë ÄÉÓËÅÔÁÍ <tt
class="FILENAME">boot.flp</tt> É <tt class="FILENAME">kern<tt
class="REPLACEABLE"><i>X</i></tt>.flp</tt>, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÍ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ÓÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ
<tt class="FILENAME">fixit.flp</tt>, ÔÅÍ ÖÅ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ, ÞÔÏ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ. óÌÅÄÕÊÔÅ
ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÑÍ ÐÏ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ ÄÏ ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ ×ÈÏÄÁ × ÍÅÎÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>.
ðÏÓÌÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÏÐÃÉÀ ``fixit'' ÉÚ ÇÌÁ×ÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+5.4-RELEASE">
<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>.
úÁÔÅÍ ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÏÐÃÉÀ ``Floppy'' É ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ <tt class="FILENAME">fixit.flp</tt>,
ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÅ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ.</p>
<p>óÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ËÏÍÐÁËÔ-ÄÉÓËÁ É ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÐÏÈÏÖÉ, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÞÎÙ. ÷ ÏÂÅÉÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ
ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÁÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ Ó ÎÁÂÏÒÏÍ ËÏÍÁÎÄ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ, ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ
ÓÉÓÔÅÍ É ÉÈ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ. ÷ÅÒÓÉÑ ÎÁ ËÏÍÐÁËÔ-ÄÉÓËÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÏÍ live
filesystem ×ÅÓØ ÎÁÂÏÒ ËÏÍÁÎÄ É ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÈ × ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ FreeBSD. îÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ
ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ËÏÍÁÎÄ, ×ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÊ ÐÏ ÏÂßÅÍÕ.</p>
<p>÷ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ, ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔØÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <tt
class="FILENAME">/stand</tt>, ÉÌÉ <tt class="FILENAME">/mnt2/stand</tt>. ÷ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÎÁ
ËÏÍÐÁËÔ ÄÉÓËÅ, ÔÅ ÖÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔØÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <tt
class="FILENAME">/stand</tt> ÉÌÉ <tt class="FILENAME">/mnt2/rescue</tt> (×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ
ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ ÉÚ live filesystem, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÙ × <tt
class="FILENAME">/mnt</tt>).</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<hr />
<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN839" name="AEN839">4.2. ðÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ
ÓÔÁÌËÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ Alpha/AXP</a></h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
<p align="center"><small>üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ É ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÙ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÉÅÓÑ Ë ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
FreeBSD, ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÙ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ×ÏÚÎÉË ×ÏÐÒÏÓ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÊÓÑ FreeBSD, ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ru/docs.html">ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ,</a> ÐÒÅÖÄÅ ÞÅÍ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ÐÉÓØÍÏ ×
<<a href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>÷ÓÅÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ FreeBSD 5-STABLE ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÄÐÉÓÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ
ÓÐÉÓÏË ÒÁÓÓÙÌËÉ <<a
href="mailto:stable@FreeBSD.org">stable@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
<p align="center"><small>÷ÏÐÒÏÓÙ, ËÁÓÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ ÐÏ
ÁÄÒÅÓÕ <<a href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p>
</body>
</html>
|
