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-.. _kinit(1):
-
-kinit
-=====
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-
-**kinit**
-[**-V**]
-[**-l** *lifetime*]
-[**-s** *start_time*]
-[**-r** *renewable_life*]
-[**-p** | -**P**]
-[**-f** | -**F**]
-[**-a**]
-[**-A**]
-[**-C**]
-[**-E**]
-[**-v**]
-[**-R**]
-[**-k** [**-i** | -**t** *keytab_file*]]
-[**-c** *cache_name*]
-[**-n**]
-[**-S** *service_name*]
-[**-I** *input_ccache*]
-[**-T** *armor_ccache*]
-[**-X** *attribute*\ [=\ *value*]]
-[**--request-pac** | **--no-request-pac**]
-[*principal*]
-
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-
-kinit obtains and caches an initial ticket-granting ticket for
-*principal*. If *principal* is absent, kinit chooses an appropriate
-principal name based on existing credential cache contents or the
-local username of the user invoking kinit. Some options modify the
-choice of principal name.
-
-
-OPTIONS
--------
-
-**-V**
- display verbose output.
-
-**-l** *lifetime*
- (:ref:`duration` string.) Requests a ticket with the lifetime
- *lifetime*.
-
- For example, ``kinit -l 5:30`` or ``kinit -l 5h30m``.
-
- If the **-l** option is not specified, the default ticket lifetime
- (configured by each site) is used. Specifying a ticket lifetime
- longer than the maximum ticket lifetime (configured by each site)
- will not override the configured maximum ticket lifetime.
-
-**-s** *start_time*
- (:ref:`duration` string.) Requests a postdated ticket. Postdated
- tickets are issued with the **invalid** flag set, and need to be
- resubmitted to the KDC for validation before use.
-
- *start_time* specifies the duration of the delay before the ticket
- can become valid.
-
-**-r** *renewable_life*
- (:ref:`duration` string.) Requests renewable tickets, with a total
- lifetime of *renewable_life*.
-
-**-f**
- requests forwardable tickets.
-
-**-F**
- requests non-forwardable tickets.
-
-**-p**
- requests proxiable tickets.
-
-**-P**
- requests non-proxiable tickets.
-
-**-a**
- requests tickets restricted to the host's local address[es].
-
-**-A**
- requests tickets not restricted by address.
-
-**-C**
- requests canonicalization of the principal name, and allows the
- KDC to reply with a different client principal from the one
- requested.
-
-**-E**
- treats the principal name as an enterprise name.
-
-**-v**
- requests that the ticket-granting ticket in the cache (with the
- **invalid** flag set) be passed to the KDC for validation. If the
- ticket is within its requested time range, the cache is replaced
- with the validated ticket.
-
-**-R**
- requests renewal of the ticket-granting ticket. Note that an
- expired ticket cannot be renewed, even if the ticket is still
- within its renewable life.
-
- Note that renewable tickets that have expired as reported by
- :ref:`klist(1)` may sometimes be renewed using this option,
- because the KDC applies a grace period to account for client-KDC
- clock skew. See :ref:`krb5.conf(5)` **clockskew** setting.
-
-**-k** [**-i** | **-t** *keytab_file*]
- requests a ticket, obtained from a key in the local host's keytab.
- The location of the keytab may be specified with the **-t**
- *keytab_file* option, or with the **-i** option to specify the use
- of the default client keytab; otherwise the default keytab will be
- used. By default, a host ticket for the local host is requested,
- but any principal may be specified. On a KDC, the special keytab
- location ``KDB:`` can be used to indicate that kinit should open
- the KDC database and look up the key directly. This permits an
- administrator to obtain tickets as any principal that supports
- authentication based on the key.
-
-**-n**
- Requests anonymous processing. Two types of anonymous principals
- are supported.
-
- For fully anonymous Kerberos, configure pkinit on the KDC and
- configure **pkinit_anchors** in the client's :ref:`krb5.conf(5)`.
- Then use the **-n** option with a principal of the form ``@REALM``
- (an empty principal name followed by the at-sign and a realm
- name). If permitted by the KDC, an anonymous ticket will be
- returned.
-
- A second form of anonymous tickets is supported; these
- realm-exposed tickets hide the identity of the client but not the
- client's realm. For this mode, use ``kinit -n`` with a normal
- principal name. If supported by the KDC, the principal (but not
- realm) will be replaced by the anonymous principal.
-
- As of release 1.8, the MIT Kerberos KDC only supports fully
- anonymous operation.
-
-**-I** *input_ccache*
-
- Specifies the name of a credentials cache that already contains a
- ticket. When obtaining that ticket, if information about how that
- ticket was obtained was also stored to the cache, that information
- will be used to affect how new credentials are obtained, including
- preselecting the same methods of authenticating to the KDC.
-
-**-T** *armor_ccache*
- Specifies the name of a credentials cache that already contains a
- ticket. If supported by the KDC, this cache will be used to armor
- the request, preventing offline dictionary attacks and allowing
- the use of additional preauthentication mechanisms. Armoring also
- makes sure that the response from the KDC is not modified in
- transit.
-
-**-c** *cache_name*
- use *cache_name* as the Kerberos 5 credentials (ticket) cache
- location. If this option is not used, the default cache location
- is used.
-
- The default cache location may vary between systems. If the
- **KRB5CCNAME** environment variable is set, its value is used to
- locate the default cache. If a principal name is specified and
- the type of the default cache supports a collection (such as the
- DIR type), an existing cache containing credentials for the
- principal is selected or a new one is created and becomes the new
- primary cache. Otherwise, any existing contents of the default
- cache are destroyed by kinit.
-
-**-S** *service_name*
- specify an alternate service name to use when getting initial
- tickets.
-
-**-X** *attribute*\ [=\ *value*]
- specify a pre-authentication *attribute* and *value* to be
- interpreted by pre-authentication modules. The acceptable
- attribute and value values vary from module to module. This
- option may be specified multiple times to specify multiple
- attributes. If no value is specified, it is assumed to be "yes".
-
- The following attributes are recognized by the PKINIT
- pre-authentication mechanism:
-
- **X509_user_identity**\ =\ *value*
- specify where to find user's X509 identity information
-
- **X509_anchors**\ =\ *value*
- specify where to find trusted X509 anchor information
-
- **disable_freshness**\ [**=yes**]
- disable sending freshness tokens (for testing purposes only)
-
-**--request-pac** | **--no-request-pac**
- mutually exclusive. If **--request-pac** is set, ask the KDC to
- include a PAC in authdata; if **--no-request-pac** is set, ask the
- KDC not to include a PAC; if neither are set, the KDC will follow
- its default, which is typically is to include a PAC if doing so is
- supported.
-
-ENVIRONMENT
------------
-
-See :ref:`kerberos(7)` for a description of Kerberos environment
-variables.
-
-
-FILES
------
-
-|ccache|
- default location of Kerberos 5 credentials cache
-
-|keytab|
- default location for the local host's keytab.
-
-
-SEE ALSO
---------
-
-:ref:`klist(1)`, :ref:`kdestroy(1)`, :ref:`kerberos(7)`