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-
- <section id="spake-preauthentication">
-<span id="spake"></span><h1>SPAKE Preauthentication<a class="headerlink" href="#spake-preauthentication" title="Link to this heading">ΒΆ</a></h1>
-<p>SPAKE preauthentication (added in release 1.17) uses public key
-cryptography techniques to protect against <a class="reference internal" href="dictionary.html#dictionary"><span class="std std-ref">password dictionary
-attacks</span></a>. Unlike <a class="reference internal" href="pkinit.html#pkinit"><span class="std std-ref">PKINIT</span></a>, it does not
-require any additional infrastructure such as certificates; it simply
-needs to be turned on. Using SPAKE preauthentication may modestly
-increase the CPU and network load on the KDC.</p>
-<p>SPAKE preauthentication can use one of four elliptic curve groups for
-its password-authenticated key exchange. The recommended group is
-<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">edwards25519</span></code>; three NIST curves (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">P-256</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">P-384</span></code>, and
-<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">P-521</span></code>) are also supported.</p>
-<p>By default, SPAKE with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">edwards25519</span></code> group is enabled on
-clients, but the KDC does not offer SPAKE by default. To turn it on,
-set the <strong>spake_preauth_groups</strong> variable in <a class="reference internal" href="conf_files/krb5_conf.html#libdefaults"><span class="std std-ref">[libdefaults]</span></a> to a
-list of allowed groups. This variable affects both the client and the
-KDC. Simply setting it to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">edwards25519</span></code> is recommended:</p>
-<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">libdefaults</span><span class="p">]</span>
- <span class="n">spake_preauth_groups</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">edwards25519</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>Set the <strong>+requires_preauth</strong> and <strong>-allow_svr</strong> flags on client
-principal entries, as you would for any preauthentication mechanism:</p>
-<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">kadmin</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">modprinc</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="n">requires_preauth</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">allow_svr</span> <span class="n">PRINCNAME</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>Clients which do not implement SPAKE preauthentication will fall back
-to encrypted timestamp.</p>
-<p>An active attacker can force a fallback to encrypted timestamp by
-modifying the initial KDC response, defeating the protection against
-dictionary attacks. To prevent this fallback on clients which do
-implement SPAKE preauthentication, set the
-<strong>disable_encrypted_timestamp</strong> variable to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">true</span></code> in the
-<a class="reference internal" href="conf_files/krb5_conf.html#realms"><span class="std std-ref">[realms]</span></a> subsection for realms whose KDCs offer SPAKE
-preauthentication.</p>
-<p>By default, SPAKE preauthentication requires an extra network round
-trip to the KDC during initial authentication. If most of the clients
-in a realm support SPAKE, this extra round trip can be eliminated
-using an optimistic challenge, by setting the
-<strong>spake_preauth_kdc_challenge</strong> variable in <a class="reference internal" href="conf_files/kdc_conf.html#kdcdefaults"><span class="std std-ref">[kdcdefaults]</span></a> to a
-single group name:</p>
-<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">kdcdefaults</span><span class="p">]</span>
- <span class="n">spake_preauth_kdc_challenge</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">edwards25519</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>Using optimistic challenge will cause the KDC to do extra work for
-initial authentication requests that do not result in SPAKE
-preauthentication, but will save work when SPAKE preauthentication is
-used.</p>
-</section>
-
-
- <div class="clearer"></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sidebar">
-
- <h2>On this page</h2>
- <ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">SPAKE Preauthentication</a></li>
-</ul>
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- <h2>Table of contents</h2>
- <ul class="current">
-<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../user/index.html">For users</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">For administrators</a><ul class="current">
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="install.html">Installation guide</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="conf_files/index.html">Configuration Files</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="realm_config.html">Realm configuration decisions</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="database.html">Database administration</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dbtypes.html">Database types</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="lockout.html">Account lockout</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="conf_ldap.html">Configuring Kerberos with OpenLDAP back-end</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="appl_servers.html">Application servers</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="host_config.html">Host configuration</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="backup_host.html">Backups of secure hosts</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pkinit.html">PKINIT configuration</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="otp.html">OTP Preauthentication</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">SPAKE Preauthentication</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dictionary.html">Addressing dictionary attack risks</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="princ_dns.html">Principal names and DNS</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="enctypes.html">Encryption types</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="https.html">HTTPS proxy configuration</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="auth_indicator.html">Authentication indicators</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="admin_commands/index.html">Administration programs</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../mitK5defaults.html">MIT Kerberos defaults</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="env_variables.html">Environment variables</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="troubleshoot.html">Troubleshooting</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="advanced/index.html">Advanced topics</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="various_envs.html">Various links</a></li>
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-<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../build/index.html">Building Kerberos V5</a></li>
-<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../basic/index.html">Kerberos V5 concepts</a></li>
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-<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../about.html">Contributing to the MIT Kerberos Documentation</a></li>
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