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-.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
-.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\"    without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.\"	@(#)chflags.2	8.3 (Berkeley) 5/2/95
-.\"
-.Dd March 30, 2021
-.Dt CHFLAGS 2
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm chflags ,
-.Nm lchflags ,
-.Nm fchflags ,
-.Nm chflagsat
-.Nd set file flags
-.Sh LIBRARY
-.Lb libc
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.In sys/stat.h
-.In unistd.h
-.Ft int
-.Fn chflags "const char *path" "unsigned long flags"
-.Ft int
-.Fn lchflags "const char *path" "unsigned long flags"
-.Ft int
-.Fn fchflags "int fd" "unsigned long flags"
-.Ft int
-.Fn chflagsat "int fd" "const char *path" "unsigned long flags" "int atflag"
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-The file whose name
-is given by
-.Fa path
-or referenced by the descriptor
-.Fa fd
-has its flags changed to
-.Fa flags .
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn lchflags
-system call is like
-.Fn chflags
-except in the case where the named file is a symbolic link,
-in which case
-.Fn lchflags
-will change the flags of the link itself,
-rather than the file it points to.
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn chflagsat
-is equivalent to either
-.Fn chflags
-or
-.Fn lchflags
-depending on the
-.Fa atflag
-except in the case where
-.Fa path
-specifies a relative path.
-In this case the file to be changed is determined relative to the directory
-associated with the file descriptor
-.Fa fd
-instead of the current working directory.
-The values for the
-.Fa atflag
-are constructed by a bitwise-inclusive OR of flags from the following list,
-defined in
-.In fcntl.h :
-.Bl -tag -width indent
-.It Dv AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
-If
-.Fa path
-names a symbolic link, then the flags of the symbolic link are changed.
-.It Dv AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH
-Only walk paths below the directory specified by the
-.Ar fd
-descriptor.
-See the description of the
-.Dv O_RESOLVE_BENEATH
-flag in the
-.Xr open 2
-manual page.
-.It Dv AT_EMPTY_PATH
-If the
-.Fa path
-argument is an empty string, operate on the file or directory
-referenced by the descriptor
-.Fa fd .
-If
-.Fa fd
-is equal to
-.Dv AT_FDCWD ,
-operate on the current working directory.
-.El
-.Pp
-If
-.Fn chflagsat
-is passed the special value
-.Dv AT_FDCWD
-in the
-.Fa fd
-parameter, the current working directory is used.
-If also
-.Fa atflag
-is zero, the behavior is identical to a call to
-.Fn chflags .
-.Pp
-The flags specified are formed by
-.Em or Ns 'ing
-the following values
-.Pp
-.Bl -tag -width ".Dv SF_IMMUTABLE" -compact -offset indent
-.It Dv SF_APPEND
-The file may only be appended to.
-.It Dv SF_ARCHIVED
-The file has been archived.
-This flag means the opposite of the DOS, Windows and CIFS
-FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE attribute.
-This flag has been deprecated, and may be removed in a future release.
-.It Dv SF_IMMUTABLE
-The file may not be changed.
-.It Dv SF_NOUNLINK
-The file may not be renamed or deleted.
-.It Dv SF_SNAPSHOT
-The file is a snapshot file.
-.It Dv UF_APPEND
-The file may only be appended to.
-.It Dv UF_ARCHIVE
-The file needs to be archived.
-This flag has the same meaning as the DOS, Windows and CIFS
-FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE attribute.
-Filesystems in FreeBSD may or may not have special handling for this flag.
-For instance, ZFS tracks changes to files and will set this bit when a
-file is updated.
-UFS only stores the flag, and relies on the application to change it when
-needed.
-.It Dv UF_HIDDEN
-The file may be hidden from directory listings at the application's
-discretion.
-The file has the DOS, Windows and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN attribute.
-.It Dv UF_IMMUTABLE
-The file may not be changed.
-.It Dv UF_NODUMP
-Do not dump the file.
-.It Dv UF_NOUNLINK
-The file may not be renamed or deleted.
-.It Dv UF_OFFLINE
-The file is offline, or has the Windows and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE
-attribute.
-Filesystems in FreeBSD store and display this flag, but do not provide any
-special handling when it is set.
-.It Dv UF_OPAQUE
-The directory is opaque when viewed through a union stack.
-.It Dv UF_READONLY
-The file is read only, and may not be written or appended.
-Filesystems may use this flag to maintain compatibility with the DOS, Windows
-and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY attribute.
-.It Dv UF_REPARSE
-The file contains a Windows reparse point and has the Windows and CIFS
-FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT attribute.
-.It Dv UF_SPARSE
-The file has the Windows FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE attribute.
-This may also be used by a filesystem to indicate a sparse file.
-.It Dv UF_SYSTEM
-The file has the DOS, Windows and CIFS FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM attribute.
-Filesystems in FreeBSD may store and display this flag, but do not provide
-any special handling when it is set.
-.El
-.Pp
-If one of
-.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
-or
-.Dv SF_NOUNLINK
-is set a non-super-user cannot change any flags and even the super-user
-can change flags only if securelevel is 0.
-(See
-.Xr init 8
-for details.)
-.Pp
-The
-.Dv UF_IMMUTABLE , UF_APPEND , UF_NOUNLINK , UF_NODUMP ,
-and
-.Dv UF_OPAQUE
-flags may be set or unset by either the owner of a file or the super-user.
-.Pp
-The
-.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND , SF_NOUNLINK ,
-and
-.Dv SF_ARCHIVED
-flags may only be set or unset by the super-user.
-Attempts to toggle these flags by non-super-users are rejected.
-These flags may be set at any time, but normally may only be unset when
-the system is in single-user mode.
-(See
-.Xr init 8
-for details.)
-.Pp
-The implementation of all flags is filesystem-dependent.
-See the description of the
-.Dv UF_ARCHIVE
-flag above for one example of the differences in behavior.
-Care should be exercised when writing applications to account for
-support or lack of support of these flags in various filesystems.
-.Pp
-The
-.Dv SF_SNAPSHOT
-flag is maintained by the system and cannot be toggled.
-.Sh RETURN VALUES
-.Rv -std
-.Sh ERRORS
-The
-.Fn chflags
-system call will fail if:
-.Bl -tag -width Er
-.It Bq Er ENOTDIR
-A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
-.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG
-A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters,
-or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
-.It Bq Er ENOENT
-The named file does not exist.
-.It Bq Er EACCES
-Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix.
-.It Bq Er ELOOP
-Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-The effective user ID does not match the owner of the file and
-the effective user ID is not the super-user.
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-One of
-.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
-or
-.Dv SF_NOUNLINK
-is set and the user is either not the super-user or
-securelevel is greater than 0.
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-A non-super-user attempted to toggle one of
-.Dv SF_ARCHIVED , SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
-or
-.Dv SF_NOUNLINK .
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-An attempt was made to toggle the
-.Dv SF_SNAPSHOT
-flag.
-.It Bq Er EROFS
-The named file resides on a read-only file system.
-.It Bq Er EFAULT
-The
-.Fa path
-argument
-points outside the process's allocated address space.
-.It Bq Er EIO
-An
-.Tn I/O
-error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
-.It Bq Er EINTEGRITY
-Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system.
-.It Bq Er EOPNOTSUPP
-The underlying file system does not support file flags, or
-does not support all of the flags set in
-.Fa flags .
-.El
-.Pp
-The
-.Fn fchflags
-system call will fail if:
-.Bl -tag -width Er
-.It Bq Er EBADF
-The descriptor is not valid.
-.It Bq Er EINVAL
-The
-.Fa fd
-argument
-refers to a socket, not to a file.
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-The effective user ID does not match the owner of the file and
-the effective user ID is not the super-user.
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-One of
-.Dv SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
-or
-.Dv SF_NOUNLINK
-is set and the user is either not the super-user or
-securelevel is greater than 0.
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-A non-super-user attempted to toggle one of
-.Dv SF_ARCHIVED , SF_IMMUTABLE , SF_APPEND ,
-or
-.Dv SF_NOUNLINK .
-.It Bq Er EPERM
-An attempt was made to toggle the
-.Dv SF_SNAPSHOT
-flag.
-.It Bq Er EROFS
-The file resides on a read-only file system.
-.It Bq Er EIO
-An
-.Tn I/O
-error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
-.It Bq Er EINTEGRITY
-Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system.
-.It Bq Er EOPNOTSUPP
-The underlying file system does not support file flags, or
-does not support all of the flags set in
-.Fa flags .
-.It Bq Er ENOTCAPABLE
-.Fa path
-is an absolute path,
-or contained a ".." component leading to a
-directory outside of the directory hierarchy specified by
-.Fa fd ,
-and the process is in capability mode or the
-.Dv AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH
-flag was specified.
-.El
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr chflags 1 ,
-.Xr fflagstostr 3 ,
-.Xr strtofflags 3 ,
-.Xr init 8 ,
-.Xr mount_unionfs 8
-.Sh HISTORY
-The
-.Fn chflags
-and
-.Fn fchflags
-system calls first appeared in
-.Bx 4.4 .
-The
-.Fn lchflags
-system call first appeared in
-.Fx 5.0 .
-The
-.Fn chflagsat
-system call first appeared in
-.Fx 10.0 .