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+.\" -*- mode: troff; coding: utf-8 -*-
+.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 5.0102 (Pod::Simple 3.45)
+.\"
+.\" Standard preamble:
+.\" ========================================================================
+.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
+.if t .sp .5v
+.if n .sp
+..
+.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text
+.ft CW
+.nf
+.ne \\$1
+..
+.de Ve \" End verbatim text
+.ft R
+.fi
+..
+.\" \*(C` and \*(C' are quotes in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>.
+.ie n \{\
+. ds C` ""
+. ds C' ""
+'br\}
+.el\{\
+. ds C`
+. ds C'
+'br\}
+.\"
+.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform.
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el .ds Aq '
+.\"
+.\" If the F register is >0, we'll generate index entries on stderr for
+.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index
+.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the
+.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
+.\"
+.\" Avoid warning from groff about undefined register 'F'.
+.de IX
+..
+.nr rF 0
+.if \n(.g .if rF .nr rF 1
+.if (\n(rF:(\n(.g==0)) \{\
+. if \nF \{\
+. de IX
+. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2"
+..
+. if !\nF==2 \{\
+. nr % 0
+. nr F 2
+. \}
+. \}
+.\}
+.rr rF
+.\" ========================================================================
+.\"
+.IX Title "ASN1_ITEM_D2I_BIO 3ossl"
+.TH ASN1_ITEM_D2I_BIO 3ossl 2025-09-30 3.5.4 OpenSSL
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.if n .ad l
+.nh
+.SH NAME
+ASN1_item_d2i_ex, ASN1_item_d2i, ASN1_item_d2i_bio_ex, ASN1_item_d2i_bio,
+ASN1_item_d2i_fp_ex, ASN1_item_d2i_fp, ASN1_item_i2d_mem_bio,
+ASN1_item_pack, ASN1_item_unpack_ex, ASN1_item_unpack
+\&\- decode and encode DER\-encoded ASN.1 structures
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <openssl/asn1.h>
+\&
+\& ASN1_VALUE *ASN1_item_d2i_ex(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in,
+\& long len, const ASN1_ITEM *it,
+\& OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq);
+\& ASN1_VALUE *ASN1_item_d2i(ASN1_VALUE **pval, const unsigned char **in,
+\& long len, const ASN1_ITEM *it);
+\&
+\& void *ASN1_item_d2i_bio_ex(const ASN1_ITEM *it, BIO *in, void *x,
+\& OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq);
+\& void *ASN1_item_d2i_bio(const ASN1_ITEM *it, BIO *in, void *x);
+\&
+\& void *ASN1_item_d2i_fp_ex(const ASN1_ITEM *it, FILE *in, void *x,
+\& OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq);
+\& void *ASN1_item_d2i_fp(const ASN1_ITEM *it, FILE *in, void *x);
+\&
+\& BIO *ASN1_item_i2d_mem_bio(const ASN1_ITEM *it, const ASN1_VALUE *val);
+\&
+\& ASN1_STRING *ASN1_item_pack(void *obj, const ASN1_ITEM *it, ASN1_STRING **oct);
+\&
+\& void *ASN1_item_unpack(const ASN1_STRING *oct, const ASN1_ITEM *it);
+\&
+\& void *ASN1_item_unpack_ex(const ASN1_STRING *oct, const ASN1_ITEM *it,
+\& OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq);
+.Ve
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+\&\fBASN1_item_d2i_ex()\fR decodes the contents of the data stored in \fI*in\fR of length
+\&\fIlen\fR which must be a DER-encoded ASN.1 structure, using the ASN.1 template
+\&\fIit\fR. It places the result in \fI*pval\fR unless \fIpval\fR is NULL. If \fI*pval\fR is
+non-NULL on entry then the \fBASN1_VALUE\fR present there will be reused. Otherwise
+a new \fBASN1_VALUE\fR will be allocated. If any algorithm fetches are required
+during the process then they will use the \fBOSSL_LIB_CTX\fRprovided in the
+\&\fIlibctx\fR parameter and the property query string in \fIpropq\fR. See
+"ALGORITHM FETCHING" in \fBcrypto\fR\|(7) for more information about algorithm fetching.
+On exit \fI*in\fR will be updated to point to the next byte in the buffer after the
+decoded structure.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_d2i()\fR is the same as \fBASN1_item_d2i_ex()\fR except that the default
+OSSL_LIB_CTX is used (i.e. NULL) and with a NULL property query string.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_d2i_bio_ex()\fR decodes the contents of its input BIO \fIin\fR,
+which must be a DER-encoded ASN.1 structure, using the ASN.1 template \fIit\fR
+and places the result in \fI*pval\fR unless \fIpval\fR is NULL.
+If \fIin\fR is NULL it returns NULL, else a pointer to the parsed structure. If any
+algorithm fetches are required during the process then they will use the
+\&\fBOSSL_LIB_CTX\fR provided in the \fIlibctx\fR parameter and the property query
+string in \fIpropq\fR. See "ALGORITHM FETCHING" in \fBcrypto\fR\|(7) for more information
+about algorithm fetching.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_d2i_bio()\fR is the same as \fBASN1_item_d2i_bio_ex()\fR except that the
+default \fBOSSL_LIB_CTX\fR is used (i.e. NULL) and with a NULL property query
+string.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_d2i_fp_ex()\fR is the same as \fBASN1_item_d2i_bio_ex()\fR except that a FILE
+pointer is provided instead of a BIO.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_d2i_fp()\fR is the same as \fBASN1_item_d2i_fp_ex()\fR except that the
+default \fBOSSL_LIB_CTX\fR is used (i.e. NULL) and with a NULL property query
+string.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_i2d_mem_bio()\fR encodes the given ASN.1 value \fIval\fR
+using the ASN.1 template \fIit\fR and returns the result in a memory BIO.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_pack()\fR encodes the given ASN.1 value in \fIobj\fR using the
+ASN.1 template \fIit\fR and returns an \fBASN1_STRING\fR object. If the passed in
+\&\fI*oct\fR is not NULL then this is used to store the returned result, otherwise
+a new \fBASN1_STRING\fR object is created. If \fIoct\fR is not NULL and \fI*oct\fR is NULL
+then the returned return is also set into \fI*oct\fR. If there is an error the optional
+passed in \fBASN1_STRING\fR will not be freed, but the previous value may be cleared when
+ASN1_STRING_set0(*oct, NULL, 0) is called internally.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_unpack()\fR uses \fBASN1_item_d2i()\fR to decode the DER-encoded \fBASN1_STRING\fR
+\&\fIoct\fR using the ASN.1 template \fIit\fR.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_unpack_ex()\fR is similar to \fBASN1_item_unpack()\fR, but uses \fBASN1_item_d2i_ex()\fR so
+that the \fIlibctx\fR and \fIpropq\fR can be used when doing algorithm fetching.
+.SH "RETURN VALUES"
+.IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
+\&\fBASN1_item_d2i_bio()\fR, \fBASN1_item_unpack_ex()\fR and \fBASN1_item_unpack()\fR return a pointer to
+an \fBASN1_VALUE\fR or NULL on error.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_i2d_mem_bio()\fR returns a pointer to a memory BIO or NULL on error.
+.PP
+\&\fBASN1_item_pack()\fR returns a pointer to an \fBASN1_STRING\fR or NULL on error.
+.SH HISTORY
+.IX Header "HISTORY"
+The functions \fBASN1_item_d2i_ex()\fR, \fBASN1_item_d2i_bio_ex()\fR, \fBASN1_item_d2i_fp_ex()\fR
+and \fBASN1_item_i2d_mem_bio()\fR were added in OpenSSL 3.0.
+.PP
+The function \fBASN1_item_unpack_ex()\fR was added in OpenSSL 3.2.
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
+Copyright 2021\-2023 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+.PP
+Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
+this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
+in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
+<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.