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Diffstat (limited to 'sys/contrib/device-tree/Bindings/media/video-interfaces.txt')
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1 files changed, 1 insertions, 639 deletions
diff --git a/sys/contrib/device-tree/Bindings/media/video-interfaces.txt b/sys/contrib/device-tree/Bindings/media/video-interfaces.txt index 3920f25a9123..8fcf5f52bf5b 100644 --- a/sys/contrib/device-tree/Bindings/media/video-interfaces.txt +++ b/sys/contrib/device-tree/Bindings/media/video-interfaces.txt @@ -1,639 +1 @@ -Common bindings for video receiver and transmitter interfaces - -General concept ---------------- - -Video data pipelines usually consist of external devices, e.g. camera sensors, -controlled over an I2C, SPI or UART bus, and SoC internal IP blocks, including -video DMA engines and video data processors. - -SoC internal blocks are described by DT nodes, placed similarly to other SoC -blocks. External devices are represented as child nodes of their respective -bus controller nodes, e.g. I2C. - -Data interfaces on all video devices are described by their child 'port' nodes. -Configuration of a port depends on other devices participating in the data -transfer and is described by 'endpoint' subnodes. - -device { - ... - ports { - #address-cells = <1>; - #size-cells = <0>; - - port@0 { - ... - endpoint@0 { ... }; - endpoint@1 { ... }; - }; - port@1 { ... }; - }; -}; - -If a port can be configured to work with more than one remote device on the same -bus, an 'endpoint' child node must be provided for each of them. If more than -one port is present in a device node or there is more than one endpoint at a -port, or port node needs to be associated with a selected hardware interface, -a common scheme using '#address-cells', '#size-cells' and 'reg' properties is -used. - -All 'port' nodes can be grouped under optional 'ports' node, which allows to -specify #address-cells, #size-cells properties independently for the 'port' -and 'endpoint' nodes and any child device nodes a device might have. - -Two 'endpoint' nodes are linked with each other through their 'remote-endpoint' -phandles. An endpoint subnode of a device contains all properties needed for -configuration of this device for data exchange with other device. In most -cases properties at the peer 'endpoint' nodes will be identical, however they -might need to be different when there is any signal modifications on the bus -between two devices, e.g. there are logic signal inverters on the lines. - -It is allowed for multiple endpoints at a port to be active simultaneously, -where supported by a device. For example, in case where a data interface of -a device is partitioned into multiple data busses, e.g. 16-bit input port -divided into two separate ITU-R BT.656 8-bit busses. In such case bus-width -and data-shift properties can be used to assign physical data lines to each -endpoint node (logical bus). - -Documenting bindings for devices --------------------------------- - -All required and optional bindings the device supports shall be explicitly -documented in device DT binding documentation. This also includes port and -endpoint nodes for the device, including unit-addresses and reg properties where -relevant. - -Please also see Documentation/devicetree/bindings/graph.txt . - -Required properties -------------------- - -If there is more than one 'port' or more than one 'endpoint' node or 'reg' -property is present in port and/or endpoint nodes the following properties -are required in a relevant parent node: - - - #address-cells : number of cells required to define port/endpoint - identifier, should be 1. - - #size-cells : should be zero. - - -Optional properties -------------------- - -- flash-leds: An array of phandles, each referring to a flash LED, a sub-node - of the LED driver device node. - -- lens-focus: A phandle to the node of the focus lens controller. - -- rotation: The camera rotation is expressed as the angular difference in - degrees between two reference systems, one relative to the camera module, and - one defined on the external world scene to be captured when projected on the - image sensor pixel array. - - A camera sensor has a 2-dimensional reference system 'Rc' defined by - its pixel array read-out order. The origin is set to the first pixel - being read out, the X-axis points along the column read-out direction - towards the last columns, and the Y-axis along the row read-out - direction towards the last row. - - A typical example for a sensor with a 2592x1944 pixel array matrix - observed from the front is: - - 2591 X-axis 0 - <------------------------+ 0 - .......... ... ..........! - .......... ... ..........! Y-axis - ... ! - .......... ... ..........! - .......... ... ..........! 1943 - V - - The external world scene reference system 'Rs' is a 2-dimensional - reference system on the focal plane of the camera module. The origin is - placed on the top-left corner of the visible scene, the X-axis points - towards the right, and the Y-axis points towards the bottom of the - scene. The top, bottom, left and right directions are intentionally not - defined and depend on the environment in which the camera is used. - - A typical example of a (very common) picture of a shark swimming from - left to right, as seen from the camera, is: - - 0 X-axis - 0 +-------------------------------------> - ! - ! - ! - ! |\____)\___ - ! ) _____ __`< - ! |/ )/ - ! - ! - ! - V - Y-axis - - with the reference system 'Rs' placed on the camera focal plane: - - ¸.·˙! - ¸.·˙ ! - _ ¸.·˙ ! - +-/ \-+¸.·˙ ! - | (o) | ! Camera focal plane - +-----+˙·.¸ ! - ˙·.¸ ! - ˙·.¸ ! - ˙·.¸! - - When projected on the sensor's pixel array, the image and the associated - reference system 'Rs' are typically (but not always) inverted, due to - the camera module's lens optical inversion effect. - - Assuming the above represented scene of the swimming shark, the lens - inversion projects the scene and its reference system onto the sensor - pixel array, seen from the front of the camera sensor, as follows: - - Y-axis - ^ - ! - ! - ! - ! |\_____)\__ - ! ) ____ ___.< - ! |/ )/ - ! - ! - ! - 0 +-------------------------------------> - 0 X-axis - - Note the shark being upside-down. - - The resulting projected reference system is named 'Rp'. - - The camera rotation property is then defined as the angular difference - in the counter-clockwise direction between the camera reference system - 'Rc' and the projected scene reference system 'Rp'. It is expressed in - degrees as a number in the range [0, 360[. - - Examples - - 0 degrees camera rotation: - - - Y-Rp - ^ - Y-Rc ! - ^ ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! 0 +-------------------------------------> - ! 0 X-Rp - 0 +-------------------------------------> - 0 X-Rc - - - X-Rc 0 - <------------------------------------+ 0 - X-Rp 0 ! - <------------------------------------+ 0 ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! V - ! Y-Rc - V - Y-Rp - - 90 degrees camera rotation: - - 0 Y-Rc - 0 +--------------------> - ! Y-Rp - ! ^ - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! 0 +-------------------------------------> - ! 0 X-Rp - ! - ! - ! - ! - V - X-Rc - - 180 degrees camera rotation: - - 0 - <------------------------------------+ 0 - X-Rc ! - Y-Rp ! - ^ ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! V - ! Y-Rc - 0 +-------------------------------------> - 0 X-Rp - - 270 degrees camera rotation: - - 0 Y-Rc - 0 +--------------------> - ! 0 - ! <-----------------------------------+ 0 - ! X-Rp ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! V - ! Y-Rp - ! - ! - ! - ! - V - X-Rc - - - Example one - Webcam - - A camera module installed on the user facing part of a laptop screen - casing used for video calls. The captured images are meant to be - displayed in landscape mode (width > height) on the laptop screen. - - The camera is typically mounted upside-down to compensate the lens - optical inversion effect: - - Y-Rp - Y-Rc ^ - ^ ! - ! ! - ! ! |\_____)\__ - ! ! ) ____ ___.< - ! ! |/ )/ - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! 0 +-------------------------------------> - ! 0 X-Rp - 0 +-------------------------------------> - 0 X-Rc - - The two reference systems are aligned, the resulting camera rotation is - 0 degrees, no rotation correction needs to be applied to the resulting - image once captured to memory buffers to correctly display it to users: - - +--------------------------------------+ - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! |\____)\___ ! - ! ) _____ __`< ! - ! |/ )/ ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - +--------------------------------------+ - - If the camera sensor is not mounted upside-down to compensate for the - lens optical inversion, the two reference systems will not be aligned, - with 'Rp' being rotated 180 degrees relatively to 'Rc': - - - X-Rc 0 - <------------------------------------+ 0 - ! - Y-Rp ! - ^ ! - ! ! - ! |\_____)\__ ! - ! ) ____ ___.< ! - ! |/ )/ ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! V - ! Y-Rc - 0 +-------------------------------------> - 0 X-Rp - - The image once captured to memory will then be rotated by 180 degrees: - - +--------------------------------------+ - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! __/(_____/| ! - ! >.___ ____ ( ! - ! \( \| ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - +--------------------------------------+ - - A software rotation correction of 180 degrees should be applied to - correctly display the image: - - +--------------------------------------+ - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! |\____)\___ ! - ! ) _____ __`< ! - ! |/ )/ ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - +--------------------------------------+ - - Example two - Phone camera - - A camera installed on the back side of a mobile device facing away from - the user. The captured images are meant to be displayed in portrait mode - (height > width) to match the device screen orientation and the device - usage orientation used when taking the picture. - - The camera sensor is typically mounted with its pixel array longer side - aligned to the device longer side, upside-down mounted to compensate for - the lens optical inversion effect: - - 0 Y-Rc - 0 +--------------------> - ! Y-Rp - ! ^ - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! |\_____)\__ - ! ! ) ____ ___.< - ! ! |/ )/ - ! ! - ! ! - ! ! - ! 0 +-------------------------------------> - ! 0 X-Rp - ! - ! - ! - ! - V - X-Rc - - The two reference systems are not aligned and the 'Rp' reference - system is rotated by 90 degrees in the counter-clockwise direction - relatively to the 'Rc' reference system. - - The image once captured to memory will be rotated: - - +-------------------------------------+ - | _ _ | - | \ / | - | | | | - | | | | - | | > | - | < | | - | | | | - | . | - | V | - +-------------------------------------+ - - A correction of 90 degrees in counter-clockwise direction has to be - applied to correctly display the image in portrait mode on the device - screen: - - +--------------------+ - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | |\____)\___ | - | ) _____ __`< | - | |/ )/ | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - +--------------------+ - -- orientation: The orientation of a device (typically an image sensor or a flash - LED) describing its mounting position relative to the usage orientation of the - system where the device is installed on. - Possible values are: - 0 - Front. The device is mounted on the front facing side of the system. - For mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets and laptops the front side is - the user facing side. - 1 - Back. The device is mounted on the back side of the system, which is - defined as the opposite side of the front facing one. - 2 - External. The device is not attached directly to the system but is - attached in a way that allows it to move freely. - -Optional endpoint properties ----------------------------- - -- remote-endpoint: phandle to an 'endpoint' subnode of a remote device node. -- slave-mode: a boolean property indicating that the link is run in slave mode. - The default when this property is not specified is master mode. In the slave - mode horizontal and vertical synchronization signals are provided to the - slave device (data source) by the master device (data sink). In the master - mode the data source device is also the source of the synchronization signals. -- bus-type: data bus type. Possible values are: - 1 - MIPI CSI-2 C-PHY - 2 - MIPI CSI1 - 3 - CCP2 - 4 - MIPI CSI-2 D-PHY - 5 - Parallel - 6 - Bt.656 -- bus-width: number of data lines actively used, valid for the parallel busses. -- data-shift: on the parallel data busses, if bus-width is used to specify the - number of data lines, data-shift can be used to specify which data lines are - used, e.g. "bus-width=<8>; data-shift=<2>;" means, that lines 9:2 are used. -- hsync-active: active state of the HSYNC signal, 0/1 for LOW/HIGH respectively. -- vsync-active: active state of the VSYNC signal, 0/1 for LOW/HIGH respectively. - Note, that if HSYNC and VSYNC polarities are not specified, embedded - synchronization may be required, where supported. -- data-active: similar to HSYNC and VSYNC, specifies data line polarity. -- data-enable-active: similar to HSYNC and VSYNC, specifies the data enable - signal polarity. -- field-even-active: field signal level during the even field data transmission. -- pclk-sample: sample data on rising (1) or falling (0) edge of the pixel clock - signal. -- sync-on-green-active: active state of Sync-on-green (SoG) signal, 0/1 for - LOW/HIGH respectively. -- data-lanes: an array of physical data lane indexes. Position of an entry - determines the logical lane number, while the value of an entry indicates - physical lane, e.g. for 2-lane MIPI CSI-2 bus we could have - "data-lanes = <1 2>;", assuming the clock lane is on hardware lane 0. - If the hardware does not support lane reordering, monotonically - incremented values shall be used from 0 or 1 onwards, depending on - whether or not there is also a clock lane. This property is valid for - serial busses only (e.g. MIPI CSI-2). -- clock-lanes: an array of physical clock lane indexes. Position of an entry - determines the logical lane number, while the value of an entry indicates - physical lane, e.g. for a MIPI CSI-2 bus we could have "clock-lanes = <0>;", - which places the clock lane on hardware lane 0. This property is valid for - serial busses only (e.g. MIPI CSI-2). Note that for the MIPI CSI-2 bus this - array contains only one entry. -- clock-noncontinuous: a boolean property to allow MIPI CSI-2 non-continuous - clock mode. -- link-frequencies: Allowed data bus frequencies. For MIPI CSI-2, for - instance, this is the actual frequency of the bus, not bits per clock per - lane value. An array of 64-bit unsigned integers. -- lane-polarities: an array of polarities of the lanes starting from the clock - lane and followed by the data lanes in the same order as in data-lanes. - Valid values are 0 (normal) and 1 (inverted). The length of the array - should be the combined length of data-lanes and clock-lanes properties. - If the lane-polarities property is omitted, the value must be interpreted - as 0 (normal). This property is valid for serial busses only. -- strobe: Whether the clock signal is used as clock (0) or strobe (1). Used - with CCP2, for instance. - -Example -------- - -The example snippet below describes two data pipelines. ov772x and imx074 are -camera sensors with a parallel and serial (MIPI CSI-2) video bus respectively. -Both sensors are on the I2C control bus corresponding to the i2c0 controller -node. ov772x sensor is linked directly to the ceu0 video host interface. -imx074 is linked to ceu0 through the MIPI CSI-2 receiver (csi2). ceu0 has a -(single) DMA engine writing captured data to memory. ceu0 node has a single -'port' node which may indicate that at any time only one of the following data -pipelines can be active: ov772x -> ceu0 or imx074 -> csi2 -> ceu0. - - ceu0: ceu@fe910000 { - compatible = "renesas,sh-mobile-ceu"; - reg = <0xfe910000 0xa0>; - interrupts = <0x880>; - - mclk: master_clock { - compatible = "renesas,ceu-clock"; - #clock-cells = <1>; - clock-frequency = <50000000>; /* Max clock frequency */ - clock-output-names = "mclk"; - }; - - port { - #address-cells = <1>; - #size-cells = <0>; - - /* Parallel bus endpoint */ - ceu0_1: endpoint@1 { - reg = <1>; /* Local endpoint # */ - remote = <&ov772x_1_1>; /* Remote phandle */ - bus-width = <8>; /* Used data lines */ - data-shift = <2>; /* Lines 9:2 are used */ - - /* If hsync-active/vsync-active are missing, - embedded BT.656 sync is used */ - hsync-active = <0>; /* Active low */ - vsync-active = <0>; /* Active low */ - data-active = <1>; /* Active high */ - pclk-sample = <1>; /* Rising */ - }; - - /* MIPI CSI-2 bus endpoint */ - ceu0_0: endpoint@0 { - reg = <0>; - remote = <&csi2_2>; - }; - }; - }; - - i2c0: i2c@fff20000 { - ... - ov772x_1: camera@21 { - compatible = "ovti,ov772x"; - reg = <0x21>; - vddio-supply = <®ulator1>; - vddcore-supply = <®ulator2>; - - clock-frequency = <20000000>; - clocks = <&mclk 0>; - clock-names = "xclk"; - - port { - /* With 1 endpoint per port no need for addresses. */ - ov772x_1_1: endpoint { - bus-width = <8>; - remote-endpoint = <&ceu0_1>; - hsync-active = <1>; - vsync-active = <0>; /* Who came up with an - inverter here ?... */ - data-active = <1>; - pclk-sample = <1>; - }; - }; - }; - - imx074: camera@1a { - compatible = "sony,imx074"; - reg = <0x1a>; - vddio-supply = <®ulator1>; - vddcore-supply = <®ulator2>; - - clock-frequency = <30000000>; /* Shared clock with ov772x_1 */ - clocks = <&mclk 0>; - clock-names = "sysclk"; /* Assuming this is the - name in the datasheet */ - port { - imx074_1: endpoint { - clock-lanes = <0>; - data-lanes = <1 2>; - remote-endpoint = <&csi2_1>; - }; - }; - }; - }; - - csi2: csi2@ffc90000 { - compatible = "renesas,sh-mobile-csi2"; - reg = <0xffc90000 0x1000>; - interrupts = <0x17a0>; - #address-cells = <1>; - #size-cells = <0>; - - port@1 { - compatible = "renesas,csi2c"; /* One of CSI2I and CSI2C. */ - reg = <1>; /* CSI-2 PHY #1 of 2: PHY_S, - PHY_M has port address 0, - is unused. */ - csi2_1: endpoint { - clock-lanes = <0>; - data-lanes = <2 1>; - remote-endpoint = <&imx074_1>; - }; - }; - port@2 { - reg = <2>; /* port 2: link to the CEU */ - - csi2_2: endpoint { - remote-endpoint = <&ceu0_0>; - }; - }; - }; +This file has moved to video-interfaces.yaml and video-interface-devices.yaml. |